专题一 第一讲 划分句子成分、掌握基本句型并科学分析长难句-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学案（北师大版）

3.Thanks to the fiercely competitive,singularly serious fellow 即时演练（三） 4.Seeing the pale fellow wearing pure white clothes instead of the1.carefully 2.who/that 3.that 4.that 5.Weighing annoying dark clothes 即时演练（四） 5.It tumed out to be that my teammate and I did win the best grade 1.Just as the saying goes,one person can go far,but a group of We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.Companion as I persons can travel farther. was in the project,I still had no sense of participating in the project.2.The truck my dad drove often broke down halfway. My teammate kept his brain occupied in developing the hypothesis,3.Last weekend,my classmates and I went to Xinxing Farm by bike to setting up an experiment to test it,and running the tests alone,leaving pick strawberries. me just standing beside him as if I were a fool."What a dull project it4.Friendship always comes first in the competition. is!"I murmured to myself.However,something changed gradually,as 5.The competition will begin at 2 p.m.and last for roughly 3 hours. I became aware what the tactile--kinesthetic perception of space meant.即时演练（五） Thanks to the fiercely competitive,singularly serious fellow,the whole:1.As our distinguished foreign language teacher,your arrival can help procedure went smoothly,close to the final stage. us a lot. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious2.Besides,we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn efficiently. disease.Without any delay,I packed up my school bag,took all the3.For your visit here,we have arranged a variety of activities. experiment statistics and rushed to the hospital.Seeing the pale fellow4.They made the bread and then went on cooking porridge. wearing pure white clothes instead of the annoying dark clothes,I felt5.Our team is preparing for the game from living to daily training. a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart..Wit讪hhis即时演练（六） guidance,I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings.1.As far as I'm concerned,this is a disturbing trend. It turned out to be such an amazing and persuasive study that my2.Staring at the screen long is harmful to our eyes. teammate and I did win the best grade.Now,we have been most 3.Delicious breakfast was ready. reliable cooperative partners ever since! 4.we all felt satisfied II.1donated almost all her time to inventing a delicate device 5.Are you feeling any better now? ②Excited and thrilled③it brought a roar of laughter④foreed a限即时演练（七） faint smile 5Having declined many entertainments and overcome1.As we all know,the ocean offers us sufficient food. numerous difficulties 6which made her beam with pleasure 2.could you give me some tips With a broad wide/bright smile on her lips determined to apply3.wish you a quick and complete recovery for a patent 4.I wish you all the best in the future 关键能力·对点习得 5.our headmaster will give us a speech first 层级能力一 即时演练（八） 1.produced 2.gifted 3.donation 4.preservation 5.scientific i1.call on more people to protect the ocean 6.in 7.entertainment in 8.to attend 9.to 10.accuracy 2.Obviously,online leaming allows us to learn at any time wherever 层级能力二 ! we are. 1.①ad.持续不断的②u.在…轨道上运行③n.堆；块 3.I came here last month and found my courses interesting. 2.①B②A③C 4.I would like you to give us your guidance and encouragement. 3.①C②D③B④A 5.Parents think it very useful to build their children's confidence. 层级能力三 即时演练（九） 1.to preserve the environment from being polluted 2.launched a1.There are many things series of"respecting teachers and valuing education"activities 3.My2.There exist many ancient temples grandpa is dedicated to education 4.Without your advice 5.because :即时演练（十） it not only/just provided a chance for us to exercise,but also made us,宾语从句时间状语从句他发现，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的 more healthy because not only/just did it provide a chance for us to i 人不仅比拥有“孤狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情 exercise,but also made us more healthy 与他们的预测不相符时，他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承 认自己错了。 语法悟通专题突破 2.后置定语social media approach devote根据这一理 论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相 专题一语法基础必备 当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投人的 脑力要少。 第一讲划分句子成分、掌握基 :3.时间状语从句simple tasks ones that require mental abstraction 本句型并科学分析长难句 ones纸质阅读的好处尤其突显在实验者从简单任务—比 考点突破·精讲即练 如识别阅读文章的主旨一一转向需要思维抽象的任务时 即时演练（一） 比如从文本中推断出信息。 1.主语2.谓语3.谓语4.主语 集训夯基·素养提能 即时演练（二） iI.1.SV02.SP3.here be句型4.SVOA5.SVI0D0 1.宾语2.表语3.宾语 :Ⅱ.1.时间状语主语谓语宾语2.主语后置定语连系 4.宾语补足语5.宾语补足语 动词表语3.主语谓语同位语4.状语主语后置定语 —544- 谓语5.主语后置定语连系动词表语主系表 much.In a word,we feel proud to have such a good teacher Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国传统的制 第二讲3个构词法 香业。 L.to develop考查非谓语动词。句意：杨金庆是清远传统制香的 考点突破·精讲即练 传承人，他对开发大众化香料有着强烈的愿望。短语a desire to即时演练（一） do sth.渴望做某事。故填to developo i1.tasty 2.rarely 3.arrival confident 4.responsibility 2.to考查固定搭配。句意：几十年来，杨一直致力于清远传统的即时演练（二） 熏香工艺，这一工艺于2021年6月被国务院列为国家级非物质1.n.自行修复2.a.像温室一样的3.n工具箱4.ad.用后 文化遗产。短语commit oneself to表示“致力于；投身于”。故填丢弃的，一次使用的 too 即时演练（三） 3.which考查定语从句。句意：几十年来，杨一直致力于清远传1..释放，使自由2.将…连接成网络3.发布 统的熏香工艺，这一工艺于2021年6月被国务院列为国家级非4.，（使）蜿蜒前进 物质文化遗产。在非限制性定语从句中，which指代traditional! 集训夯基·素养提能 incense craft,在从句中作主语。故填whicho I.1.comparison 2.enthusiasm 3.arrival 4.basically 4.dating考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家拥有悠久的熏香历 5.steamed 6.impolite 7.symbolic 史，可以追溯到秦朝以前。date back to追溯到，为不及物动词Ⅱ.1.ad.高质量的2.n.检查站3.a并不总是给予支持的 词组，无被动语态，与逻辑主语history构成主动关系，故用现在4.，影响…的发展5.n.指导方针6..复核7.（使）缓慢 分词主动表被动。故填dating。 地移动8..把…分等级，属于某等级9.n.诉讼 5.popularity考查名词。句意：在明清时期，它更受欢迎，当时它 专题二“形”“态”各异的动词 被用来抵御疾病、昆虫、蚊子和保持人们的健康。wider为形容 词，后接名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。 6.hidden考查非谓语动词。句意：由于地处太行山中丰富的草 第一讲动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 药资源，宋朝时清远就有了许多香作坊。逻辑主语herbal esources和hide之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填考点一 考点突破·精讲即练 hidden :用法感悟 7.increasingly考查副词。句意：如今，随着市场的日益扩大，超 :①一般过去时谓语动词用过去式形式②过去进行时w阳s/ 过5万人在500多家当地熏香企业从事熏香业务。此处用副词were+现在分词③过去完成时had+过去分词④过去将来 increasingly修饰expand,作状语。故填increasinglyo 时would+动词原形⑤现在完成时have/has+过去分词 8.are engaged考查固定短语。句意：如今，随着市场的日益扩⑥一般现在时谓语动词用动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形 大，当地500多家熏香企业从事熏香业务的人数已超过5万人。式 ⑦现在完成进行时have/has been+现在分词⑧现在进行 短语be engaged in表示“从事”，根据上文Nowadays可知为一般时 am/is/are+现在分词⑨一般将来时wil+动词原形 现在时。故填are engaged。 :O将来进行时wil+be+现在分词 9.ad考查连词。句意：杨金庆在湖北帮助建立了一个草药香工即时演练（一） 程中心，专门研究古代配方，并开发基于香料的新工艺。根据1.means2.sets3.have sought4.have been writing 句意可知，此处前后文为并列关系。故填and。 5.are suffering 10.lighting考查非谓语动词。句意：在喝茶、下棋、阅读或写作即时演练（二） 时，点上一根香可以帮助镇静神经，集中精神。此处是动名词l.wemt2.was fixing3.had visited4.would be/was going to be 作主语。故填lighting. 5.were V.(一) 即时演练（三） 1.Our English teacher is very young and patient. i 1.will have graduated from school 2.is going to deliver a speech 2.He graduated from college two years ago. 3.shall be landing 3.He often offers us some good advice on English learning./He often即时演练（四）】 offers some good advice on English learning to us. 1.burns 2.is playing 3.have taken 4.rose 4.He tries to make his classes lively and interesting. 考点二 5.He asks us to recite some English words every morning. 用法感悟 6.Most of us have made great progress with his help. ①一般过去时的被动语态was/vere+过去分词②过去进行时 7.We feel proud to have such a good teacher. 的被动语态was/were+being+过去分词③过去完成时的被动 (二) 语态had been+过去分词④一般现在时的被动语态is/am/ 参考范文： are+过去分词⑤现在进行时的被动语态is/am/are+being+ Our English teacher is very young and patient..He graduated from;过去分词⑥现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+过去分词 college two years ago.He has been working hard since he came to ouri ⑦带情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词⑧一 school..Finding some of us are weak in English,he often offers us般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词⑨将来完成时的被 some good advice on English learning.In addition,he tries to make his动语态wil+have been+过去分词O将来进行时的被动语态 classes lively and interesting.What's more,he asks us to recite some i wil+be+being+过去分词 English words every morning.As a result,most of us have made great:即时演练（五） progress with his help.We all like his classes and admire him very 1.be employed 2.was marked 3.have been built 4.sells 545语法悟通专题突破 专题一 语法基础必备 第一讲 划分句子成分、掌握基本句型并科学分析长难句 考点突破·精讲即练 一、句子成分 后面。 句子是表达思想的基本单位，句子的主要 (2022·新高考I卷满分作文)It would be 成分包括主语和谓语，次要成分包括宾语、表a great idea for us to choose partners freely.(it 语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语等。 作形式主语) 考点一主语 由我们自由选择合作伙伴是个好主意。 1.定义：主语是句子讲述的对象，表示所说 考点二谓语 的“是什么”或“是谁”。主语是谓语动作的执 1.定义：谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、主 行者或所处状态的主体。主语一般由名词、代 语具有的特征或所处的状态，常位于主语之后。 词、数词、动词不定式、动词-ig形式、从句或名谓语主要由动词、动词短语、系表结构等充当。 词化的形容词等充当。 谓语有时态、语态和语气的变化。谓语与主语 (2024·新课标I卷满分作文)The在“人称”与“数”方面应保持一致，即主谓 entire experience was incredibly refreshing. 一致。 词作主语) 2.结构特征： 总 整个体验让人耳目一新。 单个实义动词 简单谓语 (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)It aims to raise 谓语的结 单个动词短语 语 people's awareness of protecting oceans.(代词作 构特征 情态动词+实义动词 主语) 复合谓语 助动词+实义动词 系表结构 它旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。 (2023·新课标I卷满分作文)I appreciate (2023·全国乙卷满分作文)Learning to your eagerness to improve our oral English,but I knit helped me develop my creativity and problem- feel concern over your arrangement.(实义动词作 solving skills.（动词-ing形式作主语) 谓语) 学习编织帮助我发展了创造力和解决问题的 我很欣赏你对提高我们英语口语的渴望， 能力。 但我对你的安排感到担忧。 (2023·新课标I卷满分作文)What (2022·新高考I卷满分作文)The English worries me is that pairing us up randomly could programme is widely popular among us students. esult in failure in oral improvement.（从句作主 （系表结构作谓语) 语) 这个英语节目在我们学生中广受欢迎。 让我担心的是，我们随机配对可能会导致 First of all,as smart online learners,we can 口语提高失败。 make full use of the most extensive educational 2.位置：主语一般位于句首，但动词不定式 resources to broaden the horizons.（“情态动词+ (短语)、动词-ig形式（短语）、名词性从句作主动词短语”作谓语) 语时，常用t作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在 首先，作为聪明的在线学习者，我们可以充 分利用最广泛的教育资源来拓宽视野。 2.形式宾语：动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing I do expect Youth can publish more classic形式（短语）、名词性从句作宾语，常用it作形式 works and have a promising future.（实义动词宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 expect前加do强调谓语动词)》 Some students find it difficult to study 我真切希望《青春》能出版更多的经典作品 English. 并有一个美好的未来。 (it作形式宾语) 即时演练（一） 一些学生发现英语很难学。 写出加黑部分在句中所作的句子成分。 Most of us think it no use fighting against each 1.The aged are well taken care of in the other.(it作形式宾语) village. 我们大多数人认为相互争斗无济于事。 2.Great changes have taken place in China I think it very important that we take part in since 1980. the discussion. 3.I will spend this summer holiday in the (it作形式宾语) countryside. 我认为我们参加这次讨论是很重要的。 4.It is impossible for him to pass the test. 考点四宾语补足语 1.定义：宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明的 考点三宾语 句子成分，一般放在宾语之后。常用作宾语补足语 1.定义：宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、 256 的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动 代词、动词不定式或相当于名词的词（短语或从 词-ing形式、过去分词等。“宾语+宾语补足语”统 句)来充当，它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什 D25 称为“复合宾语”。 么，通常放在及物动词或者介词之后，有时会有 年 Doctors often advise us to pay more 双宾语。 attention to our diets and mental health and to 创 (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)We can't throw 新 take regular examinations.(us为宾语；to pay 设 rubbish,especially plastic rubbish there,because 计 more attention...examinations为宾语补足语) many sea animals eat them by mistake and are 医生经常建议我们多注意饮食和心理健 中 killed at last.（名词作宾语) 学 康，并定期进行检查。 案 我们不能把垃圾，尤其是塑料垃圾扔在那 2.复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构： 里，因为许多海洋动物错把它们吃掉并最终被 杀死。 结构 注释 例句 I'm glad to know that you've come to learn 常用于该结构的动词有 We called him Peter. kung fu in a school in my hometown.(从句作 宾语+ name,call,make,find, They made her their 宾语) 名词 think,leave等 monitor. 我很高兴知道你来我家乡的一所学校学习 功夫。 Don't forget to praise your friend for the We can't leave him 常用于该结构的动词有 宾语+ delicious foods he offers.(动词不定式短语作宾 alone. keep,think,believe,leave, 形容词 She always keeps our 语) drive,make,get,want classroom clean. 别忘了称赞你朋友提供的美味食物。 Mr.Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice My uncle drove us 常用于该结构的副词有 on how to improve his writing.(him为间接宾语； 宾语+ home. down,up,here,there a lot of valuable advice为直接宾语) 副词 When getting there, home,in,out,anywhere she found him out. 史密斯先生就如何提高他的写作水平给了 他许多有价值的建议。 We found everything become,come,fall; 宾语+ 介词短语作宾语补足语常 in good order. (6)表示“证明”类：prove 介词 表示宾语所处的状态 I regard him as my 3.常用作表语的有名词、代词、形容词、副 短语 best friend. 词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词、介词 I saw him enter the 短语、表语从句等。 三种情况：带to的动词不 room. 宾语+ Five years later,he became an engineer. 定式；不带to的动词不定 The farmer asked us 动词不 词作表语) 定式 式；带to或不带to皆可的 to have dinner. 五年后，他成了一名工程师。 动词不定式 She helps her mother (to)do housework. This is my dictionary.That is yours.（代词 作表语) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足 I saw her playing 宾语+ 语时，宾语即为动词-ing形 on the playground. 这是我的词典，那本是你的。 动词-ing 式逻辑上的主语，与宾语 I heard Tom singing We must keep healthy.(形容词作表语)》 形式 补足语之间为主谓关系 in the classroom. 我们必须保持健康。 I had my watch stolen My aim is to become a doctor.（动词不定 宾语+ 宾语和宾语补足语之间是 yesterday. 式短语作表语) 过去 动宾关系，动词-d形式表 She spoke loudly to 分词 示被动或完成 我的目标是成为一名医生。 make herself heard. The movie is quite moving.(动词-ing形式 动词不定式（短语）、动词 He found it impossible 形式宾 作表语)》 ing形式（短语）、名词性 to rise. 语+形 从句作宾语时，常用t作 I think it useless 这部电影非常感人。 容词 形式宾语 arguing with her. 即时演练（二） 【点津】 写出加黑部分在句中所作的句子成分。 句型“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”改 1.He managed to finish the work on time. 总 为被动语态时，宾语补足语就变为主语补足语。 The little boy saw a girl go into the 2.His wish is to become a scientist. 英 building.（省略to的动词不定式短语作宾语补 足语) 3.Mother cooks breakfast for us every day. A girl was seen to go into the building (by the little boy).(动词不定式作主语a girl的 4.We found him an honest person. 补足语) 那个小男孩看见一个女孩进入了那幢大楼。 5.He noticed a man enter the room 考点五表语 1.定义：表语位于连系动词后，用来说明主语 考点六定语 的身份、特征状态、性质、职业、数量、处所等。 1.定义：定语是用于对名词或代词起修饰、 2.常见的连系动词主要有下列几种： 限定作用的词、短语或句子。单个词作定语常 (1)表示“状态”类：be(am,is,ae,was, 放在被修饰词之前（前置定语），而短语或从 were); 句作定语，往往放在被修饰词之后（后置定 (2)表示“持续”类：keep,stay,remain, 语)。 lie等； My best friend was a girl who was called (3)表示“表象”类：seem,appear等； Mary.(形容词best作前置定语，修饰名词 (4)表示“感官”类：look,sound,smell,taste, friend;who引导的定语从句作后置定语，修饰名 feel; 词girl) (5)表示“渐变”类：grow,tum,get,go, 我最好的朋友是一位叫玛丽的姑娘。 2.常用作定语的有名词、代词、数词、形容 He helped me although he didn't know me 词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形 (状语从句作状语) 式、动词不定式、定语从句等。 虽然他不认识我，但是他帮助了我。 It provides us with a good opportunity to have 考点八同位语 a better command of traditional Chinese culture. 同位语是对名词或代词的进一步解释说 (动词不定式短语作后置定语) 明，且与其前面的名词或代词在语法上处于同 它为我们更好地了解中国传统文化提供了 等的地位，常位于名词或代词之后。常用作同 个很好的机会。 位语的有名词、名词短语、数词、代词、同位语从 On arriving at the farm located in the 句等。 suburb of our city,we saw the sea of vegetables, You each have a chance to go to college. which included cucumbers,tomatoes and so on. (代词作同位语) (过去分词短语作后置定语) 你们每个人都有机会上大学。 到位于我们城郊的农场，我们就看到蔬 We students should put our heart into the 菜的海洋，有黄瓜、西红柿等。 stud山y.（名词作同位语) 考点七状语 我们学生应专心学习」 1.定义：状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、 Word came that our school is going to hold 介词短语或整个句子，用来表示行为发生的时a class meeting whose topic is related to 258 间、地，点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、比traditional Chinese culture..（从句作同位语) 较、伴随等。状语一般放在句末，但有时也可以 消息传来，我们学校将举办一次主题与中 D25 放在句首、句中。 国传统文化有关的班会。 年 Most of the students really respect her 即时演练（三） 创 because she has top teaching skills.(副词作状 单句语法填空 新 语；状语从句作状语) 1.She listened to me careful) 计 大多数学生确实都很尊敬她，因为她有一while we were talking 流的教学技巧。 2.The girl is wearing a red dress 中 学 2.状语一般由副词、介词短语、动词-ing短is my cousin. 语、过去分词短语、动词不定式、状语从句或相 3.He told me the news our team won 当于副词的词或短语来充当。 the game. Without his help,we couldn't have worked 4.Is there any scientific evidence it out.（介词短语作状语) person's character is reflected in their writings? 要是没有他的帮助，我们不会解决它。 5 weigh)only 96 grams,the To catch up with my classmates,I must electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use. study hard.(动词不定式短语作状语) 二、简单句的6种基本句型 为了赶上同班同学，我必须努力学习。 句型（一）简约却不简单的“主语+谓语 Youth covers a wide variety of topics to attract (.)(+状语)”结构 senior students,leading us into the outer world. 1.主谓结构中谓语常用来表示主语的动作 (动词-ing短语作状语) 或状态。这种句型中的谓语动词为不及物动词， 《青春》题材广泛，吸引了高年级学生，带领 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。但不 我们走进外面的世界。 能接宾语，也没有被动语态。常见的不及物动词 When I was young,I could swim well. 有：arrive,come,ie,shine,live,walk,fall, 语从句作状语)》 ise,happen,exist,occur,agree等。 年轻时，我游泳很好。 2.谓语动词也可以是不及物动词短语，如 come up(被提出)，run out（用完)，get by(勉强 句型（二）众人青睐的“主谓宾(+状 生存)，come out((出版)，break down(出故障)， 语)”结构 drop by(顺便拜访)，pass out(晕倒)等。 “主谓宾”句型之所以受到中国英语学习者 (2022·新高考I卷读后续写)He sat 的青睐，是因为它跟我们的思维方式最接近，因 still with a deep breath. 而这个句型也是考生在写作中运用最多的。它 他静静地坐着，深呼吸。 的基本结构是：主语+谓语(u.)+宾语(+状 I was coughing uncontrollably last 语)》 night. L.该句型中的谓语是及物动词，如respect, 昨晚我咳嗽得无法控制。 admire,ignore,provide,upset,appreciate The racing route began at our school gate 其后可接名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从 and ended at the foot of the South Hill. 句等作宾语。 比赛路线从我们学校门口开始，到南山脚 2.谓语动词也可以是及物动词短语，如 下结束。 communicate with..(与…交流)，stand for(代 表；象征)，get on with..(与…相处)，look In the environment,teachers and students forward to(盼望)，come across(偶然碰到)等。 are living happily and working hard. (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)The ocean 在这种环境下，师生们生活快乐，工作 maintains the balance of nature. 努力。 海洋维持着自然的平衡。 注意：不及物动词或短语后不能接宾语，要 However, online learning has both 特别注意英汉表达的差异。 advantages and disadvantages ①His home broke out a fire last night..(×) 然而，在线学习既有优势又有劣势。 他家昨晚发生了一场火灾。 Both students and teachers hope to hold 轮 2A fire broke out in his home last night.(V) such activities again. 总 即时演练（四》 学生和老师都希望能再次举办这样的 习 翻译句子(“主语+不及物动词”结构) 活动。 1.（2022·浙江卷读后续写)正如俗话所说， (2023·新课标I卷满分作文)I would 语 一个人可以走得很远，但一群人可以走得更远。 appreciate your taking my suggestions into 9 consideration. 您能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。 2.父亲驾驶的卡车经常半路抛锚。 注意：(1)有些“主谓宾”结构的句子虽然 短小，但表达的含义更精确，语言更地道。写作 中并不一定句子越长越好。 3.上周末，我和我的同学骑自行车去新兴 I could not say any word. 农场摘草莓。 →Words failed me.(单词虽然少，句子更精 悍) (2)在写作中，同学们比较擅长使用主动语 4.在比赛中友谊第一。 态。如果能灵活使用被动语态，会给句子添彩 不少。 I am not sure whether all the college 5.比赛将于下午2点开始，大约持续3个 graduates can find jobs after graduation. 小时。 -I am not sure whether all the college graduates can get employed after graduation. 即时演练（五） Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his 翻译句子(“主谓宾”结构)》 1.（2022·新高考I卷满分作文)作为我 李叔叔不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心 们杰出的外语老师，您的到来可以帮助我们尽力。 很多。 The traditional Chinese dress looks more beautiful and stylish. 中国传统服装看起来更漂亮，更时尚。 2.此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来有效地 2.在主系表结构中要注意英汉表达的差 学习。 异，避免中式英语。 这件外套很贵。 DThe price of the coat is very expensive. 3.为了你们的来访，我们安排了各种各样（×) 的活动。 ②The coat is very expensive.(V） 3The price of the coat is very high.(V) 表示价格的词price可用“高”或“低”，即 4.他们做了面包，然后继续煮粥。 high或low来修饰，而不可像汉语一样用“贵'” 或“便宜”来形容。 即时演练（六） 260 5.从生活到日常训练，我们队正在为比赛 补全句子/翻译句子(“主系表”结构) 2025 做准备。 1.(2022·全国乙卷满分作文)就我而言， 这是一个令人不安的趋势 年 创 新 句型（三）独一无二的“主系表”结构 2.长时间盯着屏幕对我们的眼睛有害。 汉语没有表语这一说法，这样就显得英语 计 的“主系表”结构比较有个性了，因此我们说此 3.美味的早餐准备好了。 中 结构是独一无二的。它主要用以说明主语的特 学 征、类属、状态、身份等。它的基本结构是：主语 4.看到我们的劳动成果打包装上卡车，我 +系动词(link.u.)+表语。 们都感到很满意。 1.这种句型无被动语态，也无进行时态。 Seeing our fruits of labor were packed and 谓语动词需用系动词，表语多为形容词，也可以loaded onto the truck 是名词、介词短语或非谓语动词形式等。 5.你现在感觉好些了吗？ 常见的系动词有be,还有感官系动词 (sound,look,smell,taste,feel);变化系动词 句式（四）一拖二的“主谓宾宾”结构 (become,get,grow,turn,go,fall,run);持续系 “主谓宾宾”这类句型在写作中常常用到， 动词(remain,keep,hold,stay);表象系动词 具有独特的魅力。与及物动词跟一个单个的宾 (seem,appear)等。 语结构相比，双宾语结构的独特之处在于一个 (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)To protect the 动词与两个名词（短语）相互作用。它的基本结 ocean is to protect ourselves. 构是：主语+谓语(t.)+间接宾语（人）+直接 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。 宾语（物）。 The worst part is that sometimes we lack self- 1.间接宾语一般位于直接宾语的前面，如 discipline. 果间接宾语在直接宾语的后面，那么中间需要 最糟糕的是，有时我们缺乏自律。 加上一个介词。可用介词to来变换间接宾语的 Regardless of the risk of getting infected, 动词：give,offer,hand,show,throw,pass,pay, send,sell,tell,lend,write等。（如：give sb. and sth.=give sth.to sb. have a good journey. However busy he is,he writes me an e-mail 5.开幕式将于上午9点开始，我们的校长 every week. 将首先给我们发表讲话。 However busy he is,he writes an e-mail to The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 a.m. me every week. and 不管他多忙，他每周都会给我写一封电子 句式（五）缺一不可的“主谓宾补”结构 邮件。 “主谓宾补”句式结构中的谓语虽然是及物 Mr.Smith gave me some advice and 动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意 lent me an English dictionary. 思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使 =Mr.Smith gave some advice to me and lent 意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的 an English dictionary to me. 情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。宾语补足语可以 史密斯先生给了我一些建议并且借了本英 由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语 文词典给我。 等充当。写作时应熟练掌握“名词作宾语补足 2.可用介词for来变换间接宾语的动词： 语”这种高级表达形式。它的基本结构是：主语 make,buy,cook,find,get,order,sing,spare, +谓语(t.)+宾语+宾语补足语。 fetch等。（如：make sb.sth.=make sth, 1.常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call, for sb. name,elect,make,appoint,leave,consider,keep, He bought me a bicycle. wish等。 He bought a bicycle for me. We all call him〈a living 高 他给我买了一辆自行车。 dictionary〉. Can you get me some stamps? 我们都叫他“活字典”。 =Can you get some stamps for me? 2.常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有： 总 你能帮我拿些邮票吗？ believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,wish, 注意：ask,answer,take,cost等，这一类动 consider,prove,leave,paint,drive等。 语 词无法改变结构形式。 It was Mr.Liu who made me (aware of the May I ask you a question? importance of learning English well). 我可以问你一个问题吗？ 是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。 即时演练（七）》 3.常用现在分词和省略to的动词不定式等 补全句子/翻译句子(“主谓宾宾”结构) 作宾补的及物动词有：see,notice,hear,watch, 1.(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)众所周知， observe,feel等。 海洋为我们提供了充足的食物」 He saw me (waiting in the rain). 他看到我在雨中等。 Did you see him。〈go out)? 2.我完全不知道你们对哪种中国传统文化 你看到他出去了吗？ 感兴趣，你能给我一些建议吗？ 4.常用todo作宾补的及物动词有：advise, As I'm totally clueless about which type of ask,command, encourage,forbid,permit, traditional Chinese culture fascinates you guys, persuade,get等。 Our maths teacher always]encourages 3.我们都非常想念你，祝你早日完全康复。 us to work out the questions by ourselves We all miss you very much and instead of being told the answers). 我们的数学老师经常鼓励我们自己解决问 4.我祝你今后一切顺利，旅途愉快。 题而不是被告知答案。 5.有些动词后常用t作形式宾语，而将真 There may be a rain this afternoon. 正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，这是英语中 今天下午可能有雨。 常用的句型，即“主语+谓语+t+宾补+真正 There stands a tall building across the 的宾语”。常见的动词有：think,find,consider, river over there. feel,make等。 河那边耸立着一幢高楼。 The student has made it〈a rule〉to There was a car stolen last night read English magazines every day. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。 这个学生已经养成了每天读英文杂志的 即时演练（九）》 习惯。 补全句子 注意：考生在写作时切忌好高骛远，在没有 1.（2022·全国乙卷)为了学好英语，我们 把握基本的简单句的情况下，不要轻易尝试很 可以做很多事情。 复杂的句子。要从自己可以掌控的东西出发， we can do to learn 先学会把自己的思想表达成为得体的简单句， English well. 进而对之进行再加工、转换，方能创作出漂亮的 2.那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。 作文。 in the 即时演练（八》 country. 补全句子/翻译句子(“主谓宾补”结构) 三、依据句子成分科学分析长难句 1.（2022·全国甲卷满分作文)此外，我们 纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文 262 还可以分发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。 章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。不难理解， D25 What's more,we can also hand out leaflets to 命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过 增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考 年 2.很显然，在线学习让我们随时随地学习。 生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查 创 新 考生综合阅读能力的目的。下面我们来分析常 见的长难句。 计 3.我上个月来到这里，发现我的课程是有 1.长难句的表现形式 衡 中 趣的。 形式1：复合从句 学 案 这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个 从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结 4.我想你能给予我们指导和鼓励。 构。其实，不管句子有多长、多复杂，它只由两 部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句 子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构（如：I want a 5.父母认为这对于建立孩子的信心是很有 ticket..)或主系表结构（如：The man is a 用的。 teacher.)。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充 主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语， 更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从 句式（六）There be+主语+地点状语（或 句。这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多 时间状语)（存在句） 时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的 用来表示人或事物的存在、出现等意义，而 相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。 且大都是用于描述性文章中。表示“（客观）存 这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成 在、有”。There be句型中，There是引导词，本分画出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构 身无意义，不可与副词“there(那里)”混淆。动就清晰了。 词b是谓语，有时态变化，也可与情态动词连用。【示例】 动词be的单复数要和后面邻近的主语一致。 (2023·1月浙江卷)As you make your lifestyle changes,you may find yourself wanting to【示例】 speak up for yourself if others comment on what That said,to be honest the only people who you're doing,which can turn itself into a whole ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers household debate. parents,to the point where we play a game and 当你改变生活方式时，如果别人对你的所 guess who is calling before we pick up the phone. 作所为发表评论，你可能会发现自己想为自己 也就是说，老实说，唯一打过我们家庭电话 说话，这可能会演变成一场家庭辩论。（As引的人是我们婴儿潮一代的父母，到了我们玩拿 导时间状语从句，wanting to speak up for yourself起话筒以前猜一猜是谁在打电话游戏的时候 是宾语补足语，if引导条件状语从句，what引导宾了。(That said与后面的宾语从句之间被插入 语从句，which引导定语从句) 语to be honest隔开了，宾语从句中的主语the (2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely only people后who引导的定语从句使其与谓语 future of applying today's“eyes in the sky”部分are our Baby Boomers parents隔开了) technology to making sure that the millions of 形式3：改变语序 kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure 改变语序主要指倒装句式。这种打破相对 worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. 固定的常规语序的做法，或是为了强调句子表 那很有可能是应用如今的“天眼”技术的未达的重心，或是强调一种表达语气，如虚拟语 来，以确保全球数百万千米的铁路轨道和基础：气、否定语气等。这些句子往往和一些副词、连 设施对于火车来说都能全天候安全运行。（句词相关，有明显的标志。 子主干是That is the very likely future,of【示例】 applying..·是介宾短语修饰future,making sure It was not only the gift,but the love of the 后面是that引导的宾语从句) children for her that moved her very much. Of those Australians who still have a 不仅仅是这份礼物，还有孩子们对她的爱， landline,a third concede that it's not really 使她非常感动。（这是一个强调句型，强调作主 总 necessary and they're keeping it as a security not only the gift,but the love of the children 习 blanket-19 percent say they never use it while a for her) 英 further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. 当然，被动句、双重否定句等句式在阅读考 在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中，试中也屡屡出现。希望考生能结合阅读实践来 三分之一的人承认固定电话并不是必需的，他体会句法特征。 们将其作为一种安全保障—19%的人表示他 2.长难句的突破方法—结构分析法 们从未使用过固定电话，还有13%的人保留固 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速 定电话以防紧急情况。（句首的介词o短语中弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。基 含有who引导的定语从句，concede和say后面：本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是 分别接了一个宾语从句) 复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语 形式2：分隔结构 和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。 为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的 方法1：较复杂单句的处理方法一找主 是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严语、谓语，即找主干成分 密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成 较复杂单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以 分用其他语法成分分隔开，这就是所谓的分隔应引起考生们的足够重视。 结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号 DHowever,many scientists who specialize in 插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句ageing are doubtful about it and say the human 子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以body is just not designed to last about 120 years. 看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分 此句的主语为many scientists,主语后面包 位置的调整，没有新增信息。 含了一个由wo引导的定语从句。主句有两个 谓语，即are doubtful和say,say后面又包含了 If you ask people to name one person who had 一个宾语从句。 the greatest effect on the English language,you 2 Some companies have made the will get answers like“Shakespeare”“Samuel manufacturing of clean and safe products their Johnson"and "Webster",but none of these men main selling point and emphasize it in their had any effect at all compared to a man who didn't advertising. even speak English-William,the Conqueror 此句的主语为Some companies,有两个谓 首先弄清并列复合句，即but连接的两个句 语，即have made和emphasize。 子，再看but前是一个含有if引导的条件状语从 3At the press of a button,a microcomputer 句的复合句，but后是一个含有who引导的定语 locks all other floors'chute()doors and sets 从句的复合句。 the recycling container turning until the right box 即时演练（十）》 comes under the chute. 长难句分析 此句的主语为a microcomputer,有两个谓 1.(2024·北京卷)He has found that hedgehogs 语，即locks和setso are not only wrong more often than foxes,but that 方法2：并列复合句的处理方法一找并列they are less likely to recognise or admit that they 连词 are wrong when events do not match their ①The hot sun had caused the dough(面团) predictions. to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母) 分析：本句是一个复合句。三个hat均引 264 made the surface shake and sigh as though it was 导 ;but连接两个并列的宾语从句； D25 breathing. when引导 2 Miss Germaine's mother looked anxious 译文： 年 through the wedding and Mr Cordell's parents are 创 新 reported to be less than delighted. 计 句①中第一个and和句②中的and是连接2.(2024·新课标I卷)According to this theory, 两个并列成分的，两句话中的and都是连接两people approach digital texts with a mindset suited 衡 中 个并列单句。 to social media,which are often not so serious,and 学 案 方法3：主从复合句的处理方法—找连 devote less mental effort than when they are 接词 reading print. Whereas a woman's closest female friend 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。suited to might be the first to tell her to leave a failing social media 修饰mindset;which marriage,it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious ;and连接主句并列的谓语 trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa. 译文： whereas尽管，引导了一个让步状语从句，it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he 3.(2024·新课标I卷)The benefits of print appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the reading particularly shine through when sofa为主句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为 experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like 不定式。 identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to 方法4：并列复合句和主从复合句并存的处ones that require mental abstraction-一such as 理方法一先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复drawing inferences from a text. 合句 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when引导