冠词（讲义）-2025-2026学年中考英语一轮复习

专题三：冠词 第一部分、不定冠词 考点一：不定冠词的概念，用法 1、不定冠词的概念：a an ,表示微弱的“一” 的概念，并不强调数目，只表示名词为不特定的，译为“一个，任意一个”。不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音因素开头的词前面，比如：a book. a university; an用在元音因素开头的词的前，比如：an apple. an hour。 2、不定冠词的用法： （1）用于头一次出现的名词前。 例句：This is an apple.这是一个苹果 （2）指人，物的类别。 例句: A car must be insured.汽车要上保险。 （3）泛指某人某物“一”。 例句： A young woman is waiting for you.一位年轻的女士在等你。 （4）用在某物质名词，抽象名词前“一阵，一份...”。 例句： A heavy rain一场大雨 A strong wind 一阵强风。 （5）用在可视为一个整体的2个名词前。 例句： A knife and fork 一副刀叉。 （6）a +序数词（first 除外）“又一 ，再一”。 例句： The cake is delicious and I would like a second one.这个蛋糕好吃，我想要再来一块。 （7）用于表达时间，速度，价格...“每一” 例句: 3 times a day.每天三次 （8） 用于某些固定短语中 have a try 试一下make a living 谋生 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得愉快 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．The National Day military parade was ________ exciting event. ________ performance of the honor guard (仪仗队) attracted many people. A．a; The B．the; The C．an; The D．an; A 2．The pen is ________. It’s ________ pen. A．an orange; orange B．orange; a orange C．orange; an orange 3．—What’s that? —It’s ________. A．map B．an map C．a map 4．This is ________ key. That is ________ English book. A．a; a B．a; an C．an; an 5．—She will be ________ great actress in the future. —Yes. She was born with ________ ability to act. A．a, a B．a, the C．the, an 6．There is _______ in the table. A．a books B．two books C．a book D．books 7．—Do not give up! Perhaps ______ difficult task needs more of your effort. —I won’t. I’ll have ______ second try anyway. A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; the 8．—Never give up! If you keep trying, you will make your dream come true. —________. I’ll have ________ second try anyway. A．I will; a B．I won’t; a C．I will; the D．I won’t; the 9．Tom drove by and gave me ________ lift on the way home. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．—I have a bad headache today. —You must have ________ cold and you should stay in ________ bed. A．a; the B．the; / C．a; / 11．It is reported that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Van Gogh. A．the; / B．a; the C．a; / D．the; a 12．—Yesterday I read an article about Zhong Nanshan who led to ________ success in fighting the virus. —Yes, I’ve heard about him before. He’s ________ success in the medical field. A．a; / B．а; а C．/; a D．/; / 第二部分、定冠词 考点一：定冠词的定义和用法 1、定冠词的概念：定冠词the主要是对后面的名词起到限定的作用，表示特指。译为“这，那，这些、那些” 2、定冠词的用法： （1）指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 如：please close the door.请把门关上。 （2）复述前面提到过的人或事物。 如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert. 树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。 （3）表示世界上独一无二的事物。 如：the sun 太阳，the earth 地球，the world全世界。 （4）用在表示方位的名词前面。 如：the south of the Yangtze River. （5）在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。 如：Who is the first one to go? 谁第一个去？ （6）常用在乐器名称的前面。 如： play the violin . 拉小提琴。Play the piano 弹钢琴。 （7）用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。 如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains. 我从没有去过喜马拉雅山。 （8）用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。 如：He is from the United States of America. 他来自美利坚合众国。 （9）用在姓氏的复数形式连用表示一家人。 如：The Greens 格林一家。 （10）常见的固定搭配：at the same time (与此同时), make the bed (铺床), in the end (最后), all the time (一直), by the way (顺便说一下), on the way (在路上)等。 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．—I missed the first part of ________ film The Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death. —What a pity! You should be here earlier. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．Look at _________ European boy. He has _________ toothache today. A．the, a B．an, an C．an, a D．the, an 3．I have ________ orange. ________ orange is on the table. A．an;the B．a;The C．an;The 4．There is ________ umbrella on the sofa. ________ umbrella is May’s. A．a; An B．an; The C．an; A D．a; The 5．—Do you know ______ girl with long hair? —Yes. She is Nancy. She plays ______ tennis very well. A．a; / B．the; / C．a; the D．the; the 6．—Anna, can you tell me what ________ story is about? —Sure. It’s about how ________ emperor became powerful. A．a; a B．an; the C．a; an D．the; an 7．________ sun shines all the day. A．A B．An C．The 8．Kitty is ________ honest girl and she is also ________ smartest student in her class! A．a; an B．an; the C．the; the D．an; a 9．—Is Tom ________ American student? —Yes, he is from ________ US. A．the; an B．a; an C．an; a D．an; the 10．I am going to play ________ piano at the coming art show. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 11．Jack is ________ honest boy and he often plays ________ violin when he is free. A．a; / B．an; the C．an; / D．a; the 12．_______ Smiths are having _______ party this weekend. A．/; a B．The; a C．The; the D．/; the 13．Alexander Graham Bell invented ________ telephone in 1876. A．/ B．a C．the D．one 14．The ________ were taken good care of by the doctors and nurses in the hospital. A．wounds B．wound C．wounded D．wounding 第三部分、零冠词 考点一：零冠词的用法和分类 1、零冠词的概念：是指不用冠词的情况。 2、零冠词的用法： （1）国家、语言前不加。 例如：China is a very large country.中国是个大国。 Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上说的人数最多的语言。 （2）独一无二的身份，头衔前不用 如：Queen of England.英国的女王。 (3)三餐饭前不用。 例如：have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭。 (4)表示季节、节假日、星期几，月份等名词前一般不用。 例如：we go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都要去上学。 in spring.在春天 (5)球类和棋类名词前不用。 例如：play football踢足球、 play chess 下象棋 (6)城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。 例如：They are now at People’s Cinema.他们此刻在人民电影院。 (7)交通工具前不用 例如：by car坐汽车，by ship 坐船，by plane 坐飞机 (8)有一些表示地点的名词，比如bed,school、hospital、work等，当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事情时，不加冠词。 比如：go to school 去上学。注意：加the 时，意思大不同go to the school 去某个学校 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Jack is Lily’s _________ friend. He is _________ honest boy. A．/; a B．the; a C．/; an D．the; an 2．—What’s that? —It’s ______ my new English book. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 3．Boys and girls, you should work hard at the start of middle school and try to be ________ good students. A．a B．the C．/ 4．—When do you have your P.E. lesson? —On ________. A．the morning B．the Friday morning C．Friday morning D．Fridays morning 5．________ English is my favourite subject. I hope to go to ________ Britain for my further study some day in the future. A．The; / B．/; / C．/; the D．The; the 6．—Do you know Zheng Qinwen? —Yes. She is ________ good player in China. She plays ________ tennis very well. A．a; a B．a; the C．a; / D．the; the 7．They like playing ________ football and they’re going to have ________ football match this afternoon. A．a; a B．a; / C．/; a 8．She wants to go to school by ________ subway but her mother wants her to take ________ bus. A．/; / B．/; a C．a; a D．a; / 9．Suzhou is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food. A．the; a B．a; a C．the; the D．a; / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题三：冠词 第一部分、不定冠词 考点一：不定冠词的概念，用法 1、不定冠词的概念：a an ,表示微弱的“一” 的概念，并不强调数目，只表示名词为不特定的，译为“一个，任意一个”。不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音因素开头的词前面，比如：a book. a university; an用在元音因素开头的词的前，比如：an apple. an hour。 2、不定冠词的用法： （1）用于头一次出现的名词前。 例句：This is an apple.这是一个苹果 （2）指人，物的类别。 例句: A car must be insured.汽车要上保险。 （3）泛指某人某物“一”。 例句： A young woman is waiting for you.一位年轻的女士在等你。 （4）用在某物质名词，抽象名词前“一阵，一份...”。 例句： A heavy rain一场大雨 A strong wind 一阵强风。 （5）用在可视为一个整体的2个名词前。 例句： A knife and fork 一副刀叉。 （6）a +序数词（first 除外）“又一 ，再一”。 例句： The cake is delicious and I would like a second one.这个蛋糕好吃，我想要再来一块。 （7）用于表达时间，速度，价格...“每一” 例句: 3 times a day.每天三次 （8） 用于某些固定短语中 have a try 试一下make a living 谋生 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得愉快 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．The National Day military parade was ________ exciting event. ________ performance of the honor guard (仪仗队) attracted many people. A．a; The B．the; The C．an; The D．an; A 【答案】C 2．The pen is ________. It’s ________ pen. A．an orange; orange B．orange; a orange C．orange; an orange 【答案】C 3．—What’s that? —It’s ________. A．map B．an map C．a map 【答案】C 4．This is ________ key. That is ________ English book. A．a; a B．a; an C．an; an 【答案】B 5．—She will be ________ great actress in the future. —Yes. She was born with ________ ability to act. A．a, a B．a, the C．the, an 【答案】B 6．There is _______ in the table. A．a books B．two books C．a book D．books 【答案】C 7．—Do not give up! Perhaps ______ difficult task needs more of your effort. —I won’t. I’ll have ______ second try anyway. A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; the 【答案】B 8．—Never give up! If you keep trying, you will make your dream come true. —________. I’ll have ________ second try anyway. A．I will; a B．I won’t; a C．I will; the D．I won’t; the 【答案】B 9．Tom drove by and gave me ________ lift on the way home. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 10．—I have a bad headache today. —You must have ________ cold and you should stay in ________ bed. A．a; the B．the; / C．a; / 【答案】C 11．It is reported that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Van Gogh. A．the; / B．a; the C．a; / D．the; a 【答案】D 12．—Yesterday I read an article about Zhong Nanshan who led to ________ success in fighting the virus. —Yes, I’ve heard about him before. He’s ________ success in the medical field. A．a; / B．а; а C．/; a D．/; / 【答案】C 第二部分、定冠词 考点一：定冠词的定义和用法 1、定冠词的概念：定冠词the主要是对后面的名词起到限定的作用，表示特指。译为“这，那，这些、那些” 2、定冠词的用法： （1）指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 如：please close the door.请把门关上。 （2）复述前面提到过的人或事物。 如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert. 树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。 （3）表示世界上独一无二的事物。 如：the sun 太阳，the earth 地球，the world全世界。 （4）用在表示方位的名词前面。 如：the south of the Yangtze River. （5）在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。 如：Who is the first one to go? 谁第一个去？ （6）常用在乐器名称的前面。 如： play the violin . 拉小提琴。Play the piano 弹钢琴。 （7）用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。 如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains. 我从没有去过喜马拉雅山。 （8）用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。 如：He is from the United States of America. 他来自美利坚合众国。 （9）用在姓氏的复数形式连用表示一家人。 如：The Greens 格林一家。 （10）常见的固定搭配：at the same time (与此同时), make the bed (铺床), in the end (最后), all the time (一直), by the way (顺便说一下), on the way (在路上)等。 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．—I missed the first part of ________ film The Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death. —What a pity! You should be here earlier. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 2．Look at _________ European boy. He has _________ toothache today. A．the, a B．an, an C．an, a D．the, an 【答案】A 3．I have ________ orange. ________ orange is on the table. A．an;the B．a;The C．an;The 【答案】C 4．There is ________ umbrella on the sofa. ________ umbrella is May’s. A．a; An B．an; The C．an; A D．a; The 【答案】B 5．—Do you know ______ girl with long hair? —Yes. She is Nancy. She plays ______ tennis very well. A．a; / B．the; / C．a; the D．the; the 【答案】B 6．—Anna, can you tell me what ________ story is about? —Sure. It’s about how ________ emperor became powerful. A．a; a B．an; the C．a; an D．the; an 【答案】D 7．________ sun shines all the day. A．A B．An C．The 【答案】C 8．Kitty is ________ honest girl and she is also ________ smartest student in her class! A．a; an B．an; the C．the; the D．an; a 【答案】B 9．—Is Tom ________ American student? —Yes, he is from ________ US. A．the; an B．a; an C．an; a D．an; the 【答案】D 10．I am going to play ________ piano at the coming art show. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 【答案】B 11．Jack is ________ honest boy and he often plays ________ violin when he is free. A．a; / B．an; the C．an; / D．a; the 【答案】B 12．_______ Smiths are having _______ party this weekend. A．/; a B．The; a C．The; the D．/; the 【答案】B 13．Alexander Graham Bell invented ________ telephone in 1876. A．/ B．a C．the D．one 【答案】C 14．The ________ were taken good care of by the doctors and nurses in the hospital. A．wounds B．wound C．wounded D．wounding 【答案】C 第三部分、零冠词 考点一：零冠词的用法和分类 1、零冠词的概念：是指不用冠词的情况。 2、零冠词的用法： （1）国家、语言前不加。 例如：China is a very large country.中国是个大国。 Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上说的人数最多的语言。 （2）独一无二的身份，头衔前不用 如：Queen of England.英国的女王。 (3)三餐饭前不用。 例如：have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭。 (4)表示季节、节假日、星期几，月份等名词前一般不用。 例如：we go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都要去上学。 in spring.在春天 (5)球类和棋类名词前不用。 例如：play football踢足球、 play chess 下象棋 (6)城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。 例如：They are now at People’s Cinema.他们此刻在人民电影院。 (7)交通工具前不用 例如：by car坐汽车，by ship 坐船，by plane 坐飞机 (8)有一些表示地点的名词，比如bed,school、hospital、work等，当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事情时，不加冠词。 比如：go to school 去上学。注意：加the 时，意思大不同go to the school 去某个学校 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Jack is Lily’s _________ friend. He is _________ honest boy. A．/; a B．the; a C．/; an D．the; an 【答案】C 2．—What’s that? —It’s ______ my new English book. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 【答案】D 3．Boys and girls, you should work hard at the start of middle school and try to be ________ good students. A．a B．the C．/ 【答案】C 4．—When do you have your P.E. lesson? —On ________. A．the morning B．the Friday morning C．Friday morning D．Fridays morning 【答案】C 5．________ English is my favourite subject. I hope to go to ________ Britain for my further study some day in the future. A．The; / B．/; / C．/; the D．The; the 【答案】B 6．—Do you know Zheng Qinwen? —Yes. She is ________ good player in China. She plays ________ tennis very well. A．a; a B．a; the C．a; / D．the; the 【答案】C 7．They like playing ________ football and they’re going to have ________ football match this afternoon. A．a; a B．a; / C．/; a 【答案】C 8．She wants to go to school by ________ subway but her mother wants her to take ________ bus. A．/; / B．/; a C．a; a D．a; / 【答案】B 9．Suzhou is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food. A．the; a B．a; a C．the; the D．a; / 【答案】D 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $