动词（讲义）-2025-2026学年中考英语一轮复习

专题七：动词 第一部分、及物动词和不及物动词 考点一：及物动词 1、及物动词的概念：后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词，“动宾不分家” 例句：She buys a book.(buys 是及物动词，a book 是宾语，句意完整。） 2、 及物动词的常见用法： （1）接名词/代词作宾语：He visited Beijing.（visited+名词Beijing） （2）接双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：She gave me a pen.（me间接宾语，a pen直接宾语） （3）接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）：We call her Lily.（her是宾语，Lily是宾语补足语） 3、常见的及物动及例句： buy 例句：She buys a new schoolbag every term.（她每学期买一个新书包。）  give例句: My teacher gives me a lot of help.（我的老师给我很多帮助。） visit 例句：We will visit the museum tomorrow.（我们明天要参观博物馆。）  call 例句：They call their dog Lucky.（他们叫他们的狗幸运。） teach 例句： Mr. Li teaches us English.（李老师教我们英语。） show例句： Can you show me your new phone?（你能给我看看你的新手机吗？） tell 例句： She tells me a funny story every night.（她每晚给我讲一个有趣的故事。）  make例句： My mom makes delicious cakes.（我妈妈做美味的蛋糕。） 考点二：不及物动词 1、 概念：本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词。关键特征“独来独往”。单独表达含义完整，可以加宾语，也可以不加宾语。加宾语时，则需要加上相应的介词。 例如：She smiled.(她笑了）。She lives in Shanghai.（加介词in，再接地点Shanghai）。 2、 常见短语：Listen to me.(听我说） laugh at...嘲笑... talk about sth.谈论某事 3、 常见用法： （1）单独作谓语：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） （2）加介词后接名词（非宾语，是介词宾语）：They arrived at the station.（arrived+介词at+station，不能说arrived the station。） 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．—If we ________ her painting with his, you will find hers is much better. —You are right. A．perform B．remind C．compare D．cover 2．They will ________ Shanghai in an hour. A．arrive at B．get in C．reach to D．reach 3．AI technology has won high praise because it can ________ more opportunities to people. A．offer B．prepare C．cost D．protect 4．After the earthquake, the government tried to ________ food and fresh water to people in need. A．offer B．improve C．find D．provide 5．Please knock at the door before ________ the teachers’ office. A．enter B．enter into C．entering D．entering into 6．Students should pay attention to ________ the teacher in class. A．listening B．listening to C．listen D．listen to 7．You can ________ each other, but you cannot ________ each other in class. A．help; chat with B．help with; chat with C．help; chat D．help with; chat 8．The price of the cotton has ______ a lot so that the factories plan to ________ the price of their cotton clothes. A．raised; raise B．risen; raise C．raised; rise 第二部分、系动词 考点一：系动词的概念和分类 1、 系动词的定义：表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，不能单独做谓语，说明主语的身份，特征或状态，相当于桥梁。 2、 系动词的分类： （1） 表示“是”的动词be,be动词有：am/is/are/was/were 例句：She is a student.她是个学生（表身份）；The room was clean.这个房间很干净（表状态） （2）感官系动词（看/听/闻/尝/摸）：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（摸起来/感觉） 例句：The flower smells nice.这个花闻起来很好。This shirt feels soft.这个衬衫摸起来很柔软。 （3）状态变化系动词：become（变得）、get（变得）、turn（变得，表颜色/性质）、keep（保持） 例句：He becomes quiet.他变得很安静。The leaves turn yellow.树叶变黄了。 【随堂练习】单词拼写 1．Jack and Jim at school.（用be的正确形式填空） 2．They drivers.（用be的正确形式填空） 3．She (v. 听起来好像；听起来) very confident when she presented her project. 4．The flowers in the garden s (闻) sweet on warm afternoons. 第三部分、助动词 考点一：助动词的定义和用法 1、助动词的定义：本身无实际意义，不能单独作谓语，需配合“实义动词/系动词”，帮助构成时态、语态、疑问/否定句。 2、助动词的四大分类及用法： 分类 用法 例句 be动词 构成进行时（be+doing） She is reading.（现在进行时） 构成被动语态（be+done） The letter was written.（过去被动语态） do/does/did 构成一般现在/过去时的否定句（don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+动词原形） He doesn’t like coffee.（否定句） 构成一般疑问句（句首+Do/Does/Did） Did you go yesterday?（疑问句） have/has/had 构成完成时（have/has+done；had+done） We have finished homework.（现在完成时）；They had left.（过去完成时） will/shall 构成一般将来时（will/shall+动词原形，shall多用于第一人称I/we） He will come tomorrow.；We shall start now. 【基础演练】单项选择 1．—________ you have? —I have a new bike. A．What do B．How do C．What are D．How are 2．—Tim, what a big and happy family you have! What ________ your family like? —We ________ like travelling and we go travelling twice a year A．is; both B．are; both C．do; all D．does; all 3．—________ Tom in the Robot Club this term? —Yes, but he ________ go there very often. A．Does; doesn’t B．Does; isn’t C．Is; doesn’t D．Is; does 4．The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 5．— _________ we go at 10:00? —What about _________ it a little earlier? A．Shall; making B．Shall; to make C．Will; making 二、完成句子 6．The girl has finished her homework. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) — the girl her homework? —No, . 7．Mr. Lake lent his new camera to his best friend last weekend. (改为否定句) Mr. Lake his new camera to his best friend last weekend. 8．The scientists have just published their groundbreaking findings in a journal. (改为一般疑问句) the scientists published their groundbreaking findings in a journal ? 9．Linda’s father is washing her car now. (改为否定句) Linda’s father her car now. 第四部分、情态动词 考点一：情态动词的特征和用法。 1、情态动词的定义： 本身具有一定意义（表能力，许可，推测等）。不能单独作谓语，需要加动词原形，无人称和数的变化。无被动语态，疑问句和否定句中，不用助动词。 2、高频情态动词的分类和用法： 分类 含义 用法 例句 can/could 能力、许可、请求、可能性 表能力：意为 “能，会”，could 是 can 的过去式，表过去的能力。 I can speak English.（现在能力）；He could ride a bike at 5.（过去能力） 表许可 / 请求：can 用于现在时，could 语气更委婉（不表过去），回答时用 can/can't。 Could I borrow your pen?（请求）；You can go now.（许可） 表可能性：常用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中表 “理论上的可能性”。 It can't be true.（否定推测）；Can he be at home?（疑问推测） may / might 许可、请求、推测（可能性比 can 低）。 表许可 / 请求：may 语气比 can 更正式，might 更委婉，否定回答用can't或mustn't（表 “禁止”）。 May I come in? → Yes, you may. / No, you can't. 表推测：常用于肯定句，意为 “可能，也许”，might 表推测时可能性比 may 更小。 He may be late for class.（现在推测）；It might rain tomorrow.（将来推测） must / have to 必须、义务、推测（肯定语气最强）。 表 “必须”：must 强调说话人的主观意愿；have to 强调客观需要（有人称、时态变化）。 You must finish your homework first.（主观要求）；It's raining, I have to take an umbrella.（客观需要） 表推测：仅用于肯定句，意为 “一定，肯定”，语气最强。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 否定式区别：mustn't 意为 “禁止，不许”；don't have to 意为 “不必”（= needn't）。 You mustn't smoke here.（禁止吸烟）；You don't have to come early.（不必早来） need 需要、必要。 情态动词用法：仅用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形，否定式为needn't（不必）。 例：Need I hand in the paper today? → No, you needn't. 实义动词用法：可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，后接to do，否定式为don't/doesn't need to do。 例：I need to buy a new book.（肯定句）；He doesn't need to wait for me.（否定句） should / ought to 应该、建议、责任义务。 表建议或义务：should 语气较委婉，ought to 语气稍强，两者含义相近，ought to 后需接to do。 例：You should listen to your parents.；We ought to help each other. 表推测：意为 “应该会，想必”，指有依据的合理推测。 例：They should be home by now.（按常理推测他们该到家了） 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Rainforests are the lungs of the earth. They ________ make the air fresher. A．can B．must C．need 2．— Is that woman in the lab Ms Jones? — No. It ________ be her. She has gone to the museum. A．can’t B．can C．mustn’t 3．—Could you make paper-cuts when you were five years old? —No, I ________. I learned it in primary school. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t 4．—________ you please sweep the floor now? —Sorry, I ________. I have to do my homework. A．Should; can’t B．Could; can C．Could; can’t D．Can; couldn’t 5．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture. A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended 6．—________ I call you this evening? —Sure. I ________ be free after 7 o’clock, so feel free to call me then. A．Must; must B．Should; can C．May; can D．Need; should 7．Write down what you see and how you feel during the trip, or you ________ forget some of them easily. A．must B．can C．may D．should 8．May all your wishes _________ true. A．come B．comes C．to come D．coming 9．—Where’s Jeff? —I’m not sure. He ________ be playing basketball on the playground. A．need B．might C．must 10．You ________ use mobile phones during the exam. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t 11．—Could you tell me how much you make an hour? —If you ________ know, I make $20.00 an hour. A．will B．shall C．must D．need 12．—Many people prefer playing mobile phones all day to ________ books. —That’s too bad. Everyone ________ be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable. A．reading ; should B．playing; should C．play; must 13．—Why is Daniel so happy today? —He ______ win the writing competition. Look at the prize in his hand. A．may B．can C．must D．should 14．—Keep your desk clean. —OK, ________. Thanks. A．I do B．I will C．I can 15．You ________ play football in the street. It’s dangerous. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t 16．—Would you mind taking the underground to the theatre tonight? —________. It will take less time than by car. A．Of course not B．Certainly C．You’re welcome D．You’d better not 17．Nowadays, people in China ________ have to take too much cash with them when shopping because they often use Alipay or WeChat pay. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t 18．If you have trouble, you ________ ask the police for help. A．ought to B．would C．must 二、单词拼写 19．Can we a trip to America this month? 20．—Need I bring my history textbook to class tomorrow? (情态动词填空) —Yes, you . We’ll learn a new lesson. 21．You be careful when you cross the road. 22．The book be Tom’s. Look! His name is on it. 23．We should be quiet in the library, and we (should) eat food there. 24． you play games with us? (用适当的情态动词填空) 第五部分、使役动词 考点一：使役动词的用法和分类。 1、 核心定义：表“使、让、叫”，促使宾语做动作或处于某种状态，初中高频共4个：make, let, have, get，前三者为“直接使役”，get为“间接使役”（需借助介词/不定式）。 2、 使役动词的分类和用法： 分类 含义 常用结构 注意点 例句 make 使；迫使（语气强，带“强制” make + 宾 + 动词原形（让某人做） 2. make + 宾 + 形容词（使某人/物处于某种状态） 被动语态需加to（be made to do） 1. She makes me laugh.（让我笑） 2. The story makes her sad.（让她难过） 被动：I am made to laugh. let 让；允许（语气弱，表“许可”） let + 宾 + 动词原形（允许某人做） 1. 无被动语态 2. 不可接“宾+形容词” My dad lets me play games.（允许我玩游戏） 错误用法：Let it clean.（应用make it clean） have 使；让（语气中性，日常口语） 1. have + 宾 + 动词原形（让某人做，主语可参与） 2. have + 宾 + 过去分词（让某事被做，主语不亲自做） 无被动语态，“被做”用过去分词 1. I have him help me.（让他帮我） 2. She has her hair cut.（让头发被剪=剪头发） get 使；说服（间接使役，表“设法让”，需借助to/过去分词） 1. get + 宾 + to + 动词原形（说服某人做，比have委婉） 2. get + 宾 + 过去分词（让某事被做，强调“设法完成”） 不可直接接动词原形，必须加to 1. I get her to help me.（说服她帮我） 2. He gets his bike repaired.（让自行车被修=修自行车） 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Dancing to music in a square makes people ________ happy and gives them ________ fun. A．feel; much B．to feel; many C．feel; a lot D．to feel; lots of 2．That’s the bell. Let’s ________ to class. A．go B．to go C．going 3．The experienced paper-cutting artist asked the beginners ________ carelessly and had them ________ every step slowly. A．not cutting; to follow B．not cut; following C．not to cut; follow D．not to cut; to follow 4．I’ll get my hair ________ tomorrow. A．to cut B．cut C．cutting D．cuts 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题七：动词 第一部分、及物动词和不及物动词 考点一：及物动词 1、及物动词的概念：后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词，“动宾不分家” 例句：She buys a book.(buys 是及物动词，a book 是宾语，句意完整。） 2、 及物动词的常见用法： （1）接名词/代词作宾语：He visited Beijing.（visited+名词Beijing） （2）接双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：She gave me a pen.（me间接宾语，a pen直接宾语） （3）接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）：We call her Lily.（her是宾语，Lily是宾语补足语） 3、常见的及物动及例句： buy 例句：She buys a new schoolbag every term.（她每学期买一个新书包。）  give例句: My teacher gives me a lot of help.（我的老师给我很多帮助。） visit 例句：We will visit the museum tomorrow.（我们明天要参观博物馆。）  call 例句：They call their dog Lucky.（他们叫他们的狗幸运。） teach 例句： Mr. Li teaches us English.（李老师教我们英语。） show例句： Can you show me your new phone?（你能给我看看你的新手机吗？） tell 例句： She tells me a funny story every night.（她每晚给我讲一个有趣的故事。）  make例句： My mom makes delicious cakes.（我妈妈做美味的蛋糕。） 考点二：不及物动词 1、 概念：本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词。关键特征“独来独往”。单独表达含义完整，可以加宾语，也可以不加宾语。加宾语时，则需要加上相应的介词。 例如：She smiled.(她笑了）。She lives in Shanghai.（加介词in，再接地点Shanghai）。 2、 常见短语：Listen to me.(听我说） laugh at...嘲笑... talk about sth.谈论某事 3、 常见用法： （1）单独作谓语：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） （2）加介词后接名词（非宾语，是介词宾语）：They arrived at the station.（arrived+介词at+station，不能说arrived the station。） 【随堂练习】单项选择 1．—If we ________ her painting with his, you will find hers is much better. —You are right. A．perform B．remind C．compare D．cover 【答案】C 2．They will ________ Shanghai in an hour. A．arrive at B．get in C．reach to D．reach 【答案】D 3．AI technology has won high praise because it can ________ more opportunities to people. A．offer B．prepare C．cost D．protect 【答案】A 4．After the earthquake, the government tried to ________ food and fresh water to people in need. A．offer B．improve C．find D．provide 【答案】A 5．Please knock at the door before ________ the teachers’ office. A．enter B．enter into C．entering D．entering into 【答案】C 6．Students should pay attention to ________ the teacher in class. A．listening B．listening to C．listen D．listen to 【答案】B 7．You can ________ each other, but you cannot ________ each other in class. A．help; chat with B．help with; chat with C．help; chat D．help with; chat 【答案】A 8．The price of the cotton has ______ a lot so that the factories plan to ________ the price of their cotton clothes. A．raised; raise B．risen; raise C．raised; rise 【答案】B 第二部分、系动词 考点一：系动词的概念和分类 1、 系动词的定义：表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，不能单独做谓语，说明主语的身份，特征或状态，相当于桥梁。 2、 系动词的分类： （1） 表示“是”的动词be,be动词有：am/is/are/was/were 例句：She is a student.她是个学生（表身份）；The room was clean.这个房间很干净（表状态） （2）感官系动词（看/听/闻/尝/摸）：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（摸起来/感觉） 例句：The flower smells nice.这个花闻起来很好。This shirt feels soft.这个衬衫摸起来很柔软。 （3）状态变化系动词：become（变得）、get（变得）、turn（变得，表颜色/性质）、keep（保持） 例句：He becomes quiet.他变得很安静。The leaves turn yellow.树叶变黄了。 【随堂练习】单词拼写 1．Jack and Jim at school.（用be的正确形式填空） 【答案】are 2．They drivers.（用be的正确形式填空） 【答案】are 3．She (v. 听起来好像；听起来) very confident when she presented her project. 【答案】sounded 4．The flowers in the garden s (闻) sweet on warm afternoons. 【答案】(s)mell 第三部分、助动词 考点一：助动词的定义和用法 1、助动词的定义：本身无实际意义，不能单独作谓语，需配合“实义动词/系动词”，帮助构成时态、语态、疑问/否定句。 2、助动词的四大分类及用法： 分类 用法 例句 be动词 构成进行时（be+doing） She is reading.（现在进行时） 构成被动语态（be+done） The letter was written.（过去被动语态） do/does/did 构成一般现在/过去时的否定句（don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+动词原形） He doesn’t like coffee.（否定句） 构成一般疑问句（句首+Do/Does/Did） Did you go yesterday?（疑问句） have/has/had 构成完成时（have/has+done；had+done） We have finished homework.（现在完成时）；They had left.（过去完成时） will/shall 构成一般将来时（will/shall+动词原形，shall多用于第一人称I/we） He will come tomorrow.；We shall start now. 【基础演练】单项选择 1．—________ you have? —I have a new bike. A．What do B．How do C．What are D．How are 【答案】A 2．—Tim, what a big and happy family you have! What ________ your family like? —We ________ like travelling and we go travelling twice a year A．is; both B．are; both C．do; all D．does; all 【答案】C 3．—________ Tom in the Robot Club this term? —Yes, but he ________ go there very often. A．Does; doesn’t B．Does; isn’t C．Is; doesn’t D．Is; does 【答案】C 4．The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 【答案】D 5．— _________ we go at 10:00? —What about _________ it a little earlier? A．Shall; making B．Shall; to make C．Will; making 【答案】A 二、完成句子 6．The girl has finished her homework. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) — the girl her homework? —No, . 【答案】 Has finished she hasn’t 7．Mr. Lake lent his new camera to his best friend last weekend. (改为否定句) Mr. Lake his new camera to his best friend last weekend. 【答案】 didn’t lend 8．The scientists have just published their groundbreaking findings in a journal. (改为一般疑问句) the scientists published their groundbreaking findings in a journal ? 【答案】 Have yet 9．Linda’s father is washing her car now. (改为否定句) Linda’s father her car now. 【答案】 isn’t washing 第四部分、情态动词 考点一：情态动词的特征和用法。 1、情态动词的定义： 本身具有一定意义（表能力，许可，推测等）。不能单独作谓语，需要加动词原形，无人称和数的变化。无被动语态，疑问句和否定句中，不用助动词。 2、高频情态动词的分类和用法： 分类 含义 用法 例句 can/could 能力、许可、请求、可能性 表能力：意为 “能，会”，could 是 can 的过去式，表过去的能力。 I can speak English.（现在能力）；He could ride a bike at 5.（过去能力） 表许可 / 请求：can 用于现在时，could 语气更委婉（不表过去），回答时用 can/can't。 Could I borrow your pen?（请求）；You can go now.（许可） 表可能性：常用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中表 “理论上的可能性”。 It can't be true.（否定推测）；Can he be at home?（疑问推测） may / might 许可、请求、推测（可能性比 can 低）。 表许可 / 请求：may 语气比 can 更正式，might 更委婉，否定回答用can't或mustn't（表 “禁止”）。 May I come in? → Yes, you may. / No, you can't. 表推测：常用于肯定句，意为 “可能，也许”，might 表推测时可能性比 may 更小。 He may be late for class.（现在推测）；It might rain tomorrow.（将来推测） must / have to 必须、义务、推测（肯定语气最强）。 表 “必须”：must 强调说话人的主观意愿；have to 强调客观需要（有人称、时态变化）。 You must finish your homework first.（主观要求）；It's raining, I have to take an umbrella.（客观需要） 表推测：仅用于肯定句，意为 “一定，肯定”，语气最强。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 否定式区别：mustn't 意为 “禁止，不许”；don't have to 意为 “不必”（= needn't）。 You mustn't smoke here.（禁止吸烟）；You don't have to come early.（不必早来） need 需要、必要。 情态动词用法：仅用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形，否定式为needn't（不必）。 例：Need I hand in the paper today? → No, you needn't. 实义动词用法：可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，后接to do，否定式为don't/doesn't need to do。 例：I need to buy a new book.（肯定句）；He doesn't need to wait for me.（否定句） should / ought to 应该、建议、责任义务。 表建议或义务：should 语气较委婉，ought to 语气稍强，两者含义相近，ought to 后需接to do。 例：You should listen to your parents.；We ought to help each other. 表推测：意为 “应该会，想必”，指有依据的合理推测。 例：They should be home by now.（按常理推测他们该到家了） 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Rainforests are the lungs of the earth. They ________ make the air fresher. A．can B．must C．need 【答案】A 2．— Is that woman in the lab Ms Jones? — No. It ________ be her. She has gone to the museum. A．can’t B．can C．mustn’t 【答案】A 3．—Could you make paper-cuts when you were five years old? —No, I ________. I learned it in primary school. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 4．—________ you please sweep the floor now? —Sorry, I ________. I have to do my homework. A．Should; can’t B．Could; can C．Could; can’t D．Can; couldn’t 【答案】C 5．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture. A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended 【答案】A 6．—________ I call you this evening? —Sure. I ________ be free after 7 o’clock, so feel free to call me then. A．Must; must B．Should; can C．May; can D．Need; should 【答案】C 7．Write down what you see and how you feel during the trip, or you ________ forget some of them easily. A．must B．can C．may D．should 【答案】C 8．May all your wishes _________ true. A．come B．comes C．to come D．coming 【答案】A 9．—Where’s Jeff? —I’m not sure. He ________ be playing basketball on the playground. A．need B．might C．must 【答案】B 10．You ________ use mobile phones during the exam. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 11．—Could you tell me how much you make an hour? —If you ________ know, I make $20.00 an hour. A．will B．shall C．must D．need 【答案】C 12．—Many people prefer playing mobile phones all day to ________ books. —That’s too bad. Everyone ________ be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable. A．reading ; should B．playing; should C．play; must 【答案】A 13．—Why is Daniel so happy today? —He ______ win the writing competition. Look at the prize in his hand. A．may B．can C．must D．should 【答案】C 14．—Keep your desk clean. —OK, ________. Thanks. A．I do B．I will C．I can 【答案】B 15．You ________ play football in the street. It’s dangerous. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】A 16．—Would you mind taking the underground to the theatre tonight? —________. It will take less time than by car. A．Of course not B．Certainly C．You’re welcome D．You’d better not 【答案】A 17．Nowadays, people in China ________ have to take too much cash with them when shopping because they often use Alipay or WeChat pay. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t 【答案】D 18．If you have trouble, you ________ ask the police for help. A．ought to B．would C．must 【答案】A 二、单词拼写 19．Can we a trip to America this month? 【答案】afford 20．—Need I bring my history textbook to class tomorrow? (情态动词填空) —Yes, you . We’ll learn a new lesson. 【答案】must 21．You be careful when you cross the road. 【答案】should/must 22．The book be Tom’s. Look! His name is on it. 【答案】must 23．We should be quiet in the library, and we (should) eat food there. 【答案】shouldn’t 24． you play games with us? (用适当的情态动词填空) 【答案】Can/Could/Will 第五部分、使役动词 考点一：使役动词的用法和分类。 1、 核心定义：表“使、让、叫”，促使宾语做动作或处于某种状态，初中高频共4个：make, let, have, get，前三者为“直接使役”，get为“间接使役”（需借助介词/不定式）。 2、 使役动词的分类和用法： 分类 含义 常用结构 注意点 例句 make 使；迫使（语气强，带“强制” make + 宾 + 动词原形（让某人做） 2. make + 宾 + 形容词（使某人/物处于某种状态） 被动语态需加to（be made to do） 1. She makes me laugh.（让我笑） 2. The story makes her sad.（让她难过） 被动：I am made to laugh. let 让；允许（语气弱，表“许可”） let + 宾 + 动词原形（允许某人做） 1. 无被动语态 2. 不可接“宾+形容词” My dad lets me play games.（允许我玩游戏） 错误用法：Let it clean.（应用make it clean） have 使；让（语气中性，日常口语） 1. have + 宾 + 动词原形（让某人做，主语可参与） 2. have + 宾 + 过去分词（让某事被做，主语不亲自做） 无被动语态，“被做”用过去分词 1. I have him help me.（让他帮我） 2. She has her hair cut.（让头发被剪=剪头发） get 使；说服（间接使役，表“设法让”，需借助to/过去分词） 1. get + 宾 + to + 动词原形（说服某人做，比have委婉） 2. get + 宾 + 过去分词（让某事被做，强调“设法完成”） 不可直接接动词原形，必须加to 1. I get her to help me.（说服她帮我） 2. He gets his bike repaired.（让自行车被修=修自行车） 【基础练习】单项选择 1．Dancing to music in a square makes people ________ happy and gives them ________ fun. A．feel; much B．to feel; many C．feel; a lot D．to feel; lots of 【答案】A 2．That’s the bell. Let’s ________ to class. A．go B．to go C．going 【答案】A 3．The experienced paper-cutting artist asked the beginners ________ carelessly and had them ________ every step slowly. A．not cutting; to follow B．not cut; following C．not to cut; follow D．not to cut; to follow 【答案】C 4．I’ll get my hair ________ tomorrow. A．to cut B．cut C．cutting D．cuts 【答案】B 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $