练案5 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习练案（人教版）

Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·广东六校联考) The Paris 2024 Organising Committee has unveiled its new emblem.It was revealed following an innovative launch ceremony,which 1.(see)over 700 runners run different routes around the centre of Paris and Seine-Saint-Denis,forming the outline of the new Paris 2024 emblem. The new design is a 2.combine)of the gold medal,the Olympic flame and PARiS 22 Marianne,which brings together the values,history and the French touch that will make the Games QRP truly special. The emblem embraces the shape and colour of the most beautiful medal of all,which is also a reminder that the core values of sport is competing 3.excellence.The committee also informs people of every step that Paris 2024 is taking in organising the Games,so that it can fulfil the promises it has made 4.(stage)different, grounded,5.(sustain)and inclusive Games. The Olympic flame reflects the unique energy of the Games,6.(bring)people together.The Games will help improve the lives of the residents in7._is now short of infrastructure(基础设施). Finally,Marianne.With 8.(it)feminine traits,the Paris 2024 emblem shows respect for a woman who is a French national symbol known around the world,9.familiar figure who is everywhere in the everyday lives of French people.Her face is also a nod to female athletes and history,as it was the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris 10, women were first allowed to compete. Ⅳ.应用文写作 (2025·八省联考) 假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Beth想学打乒乓 球，发邮件向你求教。请给她回封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示支持； 2.推荐教练。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Beth, Glad to know that you want to learn to play table Yours, tennis...--- Li Hua 练案[5] 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS I.阅读理解 threat,the Uros began to build the floating islands with A the water-resistant plant called totora,which grows in the (2025·武汉市部分学校调研) lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community. Here is a selection of the world's most unusual The perfect desert town:Ghadames buildings that define a place through inventive ways of Ghadames is an impressive example of environmental adapting to local environments. planning.Thick walls trap the sun's heat during the day, and radiate that heat back to the sky at night.By The floating(流动的)homes of Lake Titicaca morning,the walls have cooled again.Skilful use of More than 500 years ago,the growing Inca Empire available building materials achieves the maximum began to occupy the Uros'mainland villages.To resist this comfort with minimal means. —488 Spain's fairy-tale houses he told a newspaper reporter a big quake would strike in a Known as pallozas,the round houses are built from week.Four days later,the Loma Prieta mega-quake hit! just a handful of materials:stone,wood and dry grass.But the scientific community still rejected Berkland's Thick stone walls depending on what was available in the theory.He didn't document every prediction,so nobody area block the cold and conserve internal heat.Inside,could measure his accuracy rate. the palloza's fireplaces are essential for maintaining a Actual scientific evidence has to be repeatable.And constant temperature,making it energy-efficient. a connection between a cause and an effect has to be The Himalayas'ancient design shown to be stronger than random chance through careful The structures in Himachal Pradesh were built by an experimentation and data collection.California researchers ancient technique known as kath kuni.Wood and stones in the 1970s happened to have built controlled habitats to create a fantastic balance.The wooden frames (monitor the wheel-running activity of pocket mice.These lessen the stress on the openings during an earthquake.habitats happened to be in an active earthquake area Thick stones hold the whole building firmly in place.Then the 1971 San Fernando earthquake struck nearby. Above all,pieces of wood interlock together,which The researchers checked their data and found no big makes the structures remarkably flexible,allowing walls changes in how long the animals ran in their wheels or to move in case of an earthquake. stayed underground before the earthquake activity.What 1.Which structure was built for defending residents might the next experiment show? against attackers？ Researchers from 150 universities worldwide are A.The kath kuni structure. working on a new study called the ICARUS project.The B.The floating structure. project tracks many small animal species such as birds, C.The Ghadames structure. bats,and turtles for the purpose of scientific research. D.The palloza's structure. One group of researchers is looking for possible 2.What do the houses in Ghadames and pallozas have in connections between animal behavior and earthquakes.If common? they find a reliable connection,this could save hundreds A.They are sustainable. of thousands of human lives.ICARUS aims to power an B.They maximize internal heat. app that will give people hours to get to safety. C.They are built for luxury living. However,not everyone is hopeful.Geologist Wendy D.They're made of special materials. Bohon said that ICARUS is doing some"cool things",but 3.What makes kath kuni structures earthquake-resistant? she knows animal behavior is hard to pin down."My cat could act crazily before an earthquake,"she says."But it A.The stone frames. also acts crazily if somebody uses the can opener.' B.The narrow openings. 4.What does the underlined word"anecdotes"mean in C.The flexible wood. Paragraph 2? D.An interlocking system. A.Real-life news stories. B B.Random individual studies. (2024·广州市调研) C.Repeated scientific reports. Our planet quakes thousands of times a year,but we D.Unproved personal accounts. still can't predict exactly when and where earthquakes will 5.Why was Berkland's theory rejected by the scientific strike.What if animals'odd behavior could warn us? community? Researchers have reviewed hundreds of reports on A.He used unreliable data from newspaper ads. pre-quake abnormal animal behavior,but most were just i B.His document wasn't consistent with his theory. anecdotes.Geologist Jim Berkland counted newspaper ads C.His study didn't include enough animal samples. looking for runaway cats and dogs.On October 13,1989, D.He failed to prove the accuracy of his predictions. 489 6.What is the ultimate goal of the ICARUS project? 7.What is Wendy Bohon's attitude toward the ICARUS A.To provide accurate pre-quake warnings. project? B.To develop an app to call for help during quakes. A.Disapproving· B.Doubtful. C.To seek worldwide cooperation in quake prediction. D.To find connections between animal behavior and C.Intolerant. D.Unclear. quakes. Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·石家庄模拟)：1.A.annoyed B.impatient Anytime I travel on my bicycle across the country,I'm always C.excited D.nervous amazed by how kind people can be to strangers. 2.A.warn B.show C.convince D.guarantee One night,my friends and I were camping in a town in 3.A.demand B.concern Missouri.There was a severe storm and we were getting 1. C.desire D.responsibility A complete stranger came by to 2.us that there were 4.A.drowned B.deserted tornadoes(龙卷风)heading our way..The stranger invited us to his C.killed D.trapped home.We were surprised by his 3.for our safety.Later we 5.A.even B.merely C.often D.simply learned that there had been a lightning strike near the place where 6.A.submitted B.exchanged we had camped and several cattle had been 4. C.checked D.updated Fortunately,we spent the night in a nice dry home.We were 7.A.experiences B.messages 5.given the opportunity to take a shower.The next morning C.traditions D.comments we had breakfast with the family and 6.contact information. 8.A.fear B.order C.gain D.offer In a way,we felt like the family had become a part of our journey. 9.A.especially B.officially This was one of the most heart-warming 7. of my life C.occasionally D.definitely because this family had nothing to 8.by being so kind to10.A.ask about B.complain about us.We were 9.not the type they would usually 10. C.agree with D.associate with but they treated us with respect and kindness. 11.A.reveals B.shakes C.strengthens D.shapes The kindness of a stranger always 11. my faith in 12.A.states B.wishes humanity.Whatever the person 12.always comes with no C.saves D.gives strings attached and that's the most 13.part. 13.A.impressive B.practical That family 14.us so much that during the rest of the C.satisfactory D.evident trip,we 15. others out every chance we got.We even 14.A.funded B.inspired C.owed D.delighted bought food with our busking(街头卖艺)tips for the homeless.It's 15.A.drove B.sought always heart-warming when giving feels as good as receiving. C.helped D.pointed Ⅲ，七选五 (2024·福建省毕业班质检) Science fiction television has done a lot to shape how we view the meals of the future,from an evening dinner in pill form to machines giving us any meal we desire,on demand.1. However,while these ideas for food creation are more than fifty years old,the way we produce and consume food has not changed very much.Even though there is enough food available today to feed the world,more than 870 million people do not have enough to eat. 2. With the global population expected to grow to more than nine billion by 2050,demand for food will only increase.No pills or machines have solved our food problems yet. However,agricultural science has been responsible for saving huge numbers of lives.Science and technology helped us out of starvation during the 1960s and 70s when the world's population exploded.3.The result of -490 this panic was the "green revolution",which saw the introduction to farming of high production grains,improved irrigation systems and hybrid seeds,saving over one billion people from starvation. 4.Having enough food is only the first step.There are complications with natural disasters,conflict, poverty and environmental problems.All these can mean that the food supply is put at risk 5.Many people are concerned about "playing around with nature",adjusting how food looks and tastes and smells,and other human interferences(千预)，all of which are widespread. Anyhow,the world has not been completely saved from starvation,but we are on the way to get there. A.Agricultural science was quite a success. B.There are many complexities when dealing with food. C.Modern science and technology of food contributes a lot. D.Nobody would ever starve if food were this easy to obtain. E.And it is unbelievable that hunger kills more people than disease does. F.Then there are the issues we face when it comes to food experimentation. G.At that time scientists were genuinely worried that we would run out of food. Ⅳ.语法填空 (2024·新高考专家原创卷) When garden designer Jane Gates moved to the Sussex countryside in 2015,she fell in love with a traditional black barn conversion(改a建的房屋)，and set about creating a drought-resistant garden around it.1.she didn't know was just how quickly her garden would become relevant to today's changing climate. Over the years,Gates 2.(experiment)with plants that suit this dry and hot place and made some interesting (discover).Surprisingly,some plants,known for loving water,have proved 4.(adapt)to drought. Others have struggled.However,many plants specifically 5.(choose)for drought tolerance have enjoyed the heat. Gates'garden is a big gravel (one.6.occasion she stands by the floor-to-ceiling windows and enjoys the scene.Gravel 7.(use)as a layer()for the plants to grow through,joining the paths with the planting. The feeling is of a relaxing,natural-looking space,with the light colour of the gravel 8.(contrast)with the black of the barn.Gates recommends gravel as a cover on the top for 9.reason that it locks water in the soil below in summer,while keeping it away from plants in winter,which can damage them.This helps some plants do a bit 10. well)in adapting to climate extremes. 练案[6] 必修第一册UNIT5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD I.阅读理解 whereas ma means mother.Nontonal languages like A Spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest (2025·广西一模)emotion,for example,but not to change a word's Speaking a native language that requires tones meaning. appears to boost perception (of melody,but at the As a Mandarin speaker and flutist,Liu Jingxuan cost of rhythm,researchers report in Current Biology.The wandered about the crossover between language and massive global study hints at how language skills seep into music.While studying psychology as an undergraduate at other areas of cognition.Tonal (languages use Duke University,Liu helped analyze the musical abilities pitch to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the of nearly half a million people from 203 countries.Her same.In Mandarin,for instance,ma means horse colleagues had launched an online game in which 一491—4.B根据本段首句“Appreciate your body for what it can do- 2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句“Skilful use of walking, yoga playing sports or otherwise.”可知，本段主要倡导 available building materials achieves the maximum comfort with 要为你的身体所能做的事情而欣赏你的身体，比如散步、瑜伽 minimal means.”可知，Ghadames的房屋的建筑材料的巧妙使用 运动或其他。B项（经常锻炼能给你带来强壮而有能力的身 实现了用最少的费用达到最大的舒适度。根据第四段中的最后 体。)中的Regular workouts和上文中介绍的各种运动方式相呼 ]"Inside,the palloza's fireplaces are essential for maintaining a 应，符合语境。故选B。 constant temperature,making it energy-efficient."可知，palloza房 5.D根据上文“Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be 屋内的壁炉对保特恒温必不可少，还使得住所节省能源。所以 accomplished overnight-but don't give up and just move.Remember 两种建筑都利用了可持续的方法来提高舒适度。sustainable“可 that everyone is insecure sometimes.”可知，变得自洽不太可能在 持续的”是对“achieves the maximum comfort with minimal means" 夜之间完成，每个人都有缺乏安全感的时候；再结合下文 和“energy-efficient'”的同义转换和概括。故选A “Love what you look like.”可知，此处是指要爱自己的样子。D3.D细节理解题。根据题干中的“kath kuni”将答案定位至“The 项（不要为你是谁和作为人你想要什么而感到抱歉。）承接上文， Himalayas'ancient design”部分。根据“Above all,pieces of 引出下文，符合语境。故选D。 wood interlock together,which makes the structures remarkably 语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了2024年巴黎奥 flexible,allowing walls to move in case of an earthquake.”可知，木 运会新会徽。 材连锁的系统使得结构具有显著的灵活性，允许墙壁在地震时 1.sa 考查动词的时态。句意：它是在一场创新的开幕仪式后揭 移动，从而提高了抗震能力。题干中的“earthquake-resistant”与 晓的，在这场仪式中，超过700名跑步者在巴黎市中心和塞纳 原文中的“allowing walls to move in case of an earthquake'”是同义 圣但尼省周围跑了不同的路线，形成了新的2024年巴黎奥运会 转换。 故选D。 会徽的轮廓。分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，修饰an innovative launch ceremony,该空在句中作定语从句的谓语；结合 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了研究人员对地震前动物异常行为 语境可知，该开幕仪式已经被举办，所以此处see的动作发生在 的研究，以及希望能够提供准确的震前预警 过去，故用一般过去时。此处see意为“为…发生的地点”，为 4.D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Researchers have reviewed 熟词生义用法。故填saw hundreds of reports on pre-quake abnormal animal behavior”l以及表 2.combination考查名词。句意：新设计是金牌、奥运圣火和玛丽 转折的词but可知，这些地震前动物异常行为的报告大多是传 安娜的结合。空前是冠词a,空后是介词of,此处应该填名词。a 闻，即未经证实的描述，D项符合题意。故选D。 combination of. ·表示“…的结合” ,故填combination 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the scientific community 3.for考查介词。句意：这也是一个提醒，体育的核心价值是为卓 still rejected Berkland's theory.He didn't document every prediction, 越而竞争。compete for表示“为…竞争 故填for so nobody could measure his accuracy rate.”可知，科学界仍然拒 4.to stage 考查非谓语动词。句意：巴黎奥组委也让大家知晓2024 绝接受伯克兰的理论，因为他没有记录每一个预测，所以没有人 年巴黎奥运会在组织方面的每一个步骤，以便它能够履行它作出的 能衡量他的准确率。由此可知，伯克兰的理论被科学界拒绝，是 举办一届与众不同、脚踏实地、可持续和包容的奥运会这一承诺 因为他没能证明自己预测的准确性。故选D。 promise后常跟to do sth.作后置定语。stge在此处是动词，意为“上！6.A细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，一组研究人员正在寻找 演，举办，举行”，为熟词生义用法。故填to stage。 动物行为和地震之间可能存在的联系。如果他们找到可靠的联 5.sustainable考查形容词。该空与空前的“different”“grounded”和 系，这将挽救成千上万人的生命。ICARUS旨在驱动一款应用程 空后的“inclusive”一起修饰名词“Games ,且表示“可持续的”。故 序，让人们在几小时内到达安全地带。因此，ICARUS项目的最 填sustainable。 终目标是提供准确的震前预警。故选A。 6.bringing 考查非谓语动词。空前句子成分完整，此处填非谓语动7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，地质学家温迪·博洪认为 词，根据语境“奥林匹克的圣火反映了奥运会的独特能量，将人们聚 动物行为很难确定，比如她的猫，在有人用开罐器的时候也表现 集在一起”可知，此处表示自然而然的结果。故填bringing 得很疯狂。由此可推断，温迪·博洪对ICARUS项目表示怀凝。 7.what考查宾语从句。句意：奥运会将有助于改善那些现在基础设 故选B。 施短缺地区的居民的生活。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，该空引；Ⅱ. 语篇导读：本文讲述了作者和朋友们在一次露营时遭遇暴 导从句作介词n的宾语，并在从句中作主语，表示“ 的事物 风雨，并被善良无私的陌生人帮助的故事 故填what 1.D根据上文的“a severe storm”和常识可知，作者一行人对暴风 8.s考查代词。句意：凭借其女性特质，2024年巴黎奥运会会徽 雨的出现应是感到紧张。nervous意为“紧张的” 符合语境 对一位女性表示尊重。空后中心词为名词，结合语境“它的女性 annoyed恼怒的；impatient不耐烦的；excited激动的。故选D。 特质”可知，此处应该用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 2.A 根据下文“there were tornadoes(龙卷风)heading out way”可 9.日考查冠词。结合语境“一个在法国人民日常生活中无处不在 知 一个陌生人过来提醒作者一行人龙卷风要来了，这是对作者 的熟悉人物”可知，此处表泛指，且familiar的发音以辅音音素开 行人危险处境的提醒。wam意为“提醒”，符合语境。show展 头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 示；convince使信服；guarantee保证。故选A。 10.where 考查定语从句。句意：因为在1900年巴黎奥运会上，女 3.B 根据上文“The stranger invited us to his home.”可知，陌生人 性首次被允许参赛。该空引导定语从句，修饰先行词“th1900 邀请作者一行人去他家，这是他对作者一行人安全的关心 Olympic Games in Paris”,该空指代先行词在从句中作地点状语 concern意为“关心”，符合语境。demand需要：desire欲望： 故填wherec responsibility责任。故选B。 W.参考范文： 4.C 根据上文“there had been a lightning strike near the place Dear Beth, where we had camped'可推知，雷击现象导致几头牛被闪电击中 Glad to know that you want to leam to play table tennis.It's a fun 而死。kil意为“杀死”，符合语境。drown溺死；desert抛弃；tra吗 and exciting sport!I highly support your decision,as it will not only 术干收光 improve your skills but also help you make new friends 5.A 根据上文“we spent the night in a nice dry home”和下文的 I recommend you I take lessons from Coach Zhang.He e is an “the opportunity to take a shower”可知，此处是递进关系。even experienced coach who has trained many players at different levels.His 1 意为“甚至”，符合语境。merely仅仅；often经常；simply简单地 classes are engaging and tailored to each student's needs.You can find 故选A him at the local sports center 6.B 根据下文“contact information”和“In a way,we felt like the Let me know if you need more information.Enjoy your training! family had become a part of our journey.”可知，作者一行人和陌生 Yours 人一家交换了联系信息。exchange意为“交换”，符合语境 Li Hua submit提交：check检查：update更新。故选B。 练案[51 7.A 根据上文陌生人对作者一行人慷慨无私的帮助可知，这是作 一生中最暖心的经历之 experience意为“经历”，符合语 语篇导读：文章介绍了四个通过创新方式适应当地环境的特 境 ,message信息；tradition传统；comment评论。故选A, 色建筑 8.C 根据上文的“had nothing”可知，陌生人一家做好事不计回 1.B细节理解题。题目问“哪个建筑物是为保护居民不受攻击者 报。gain意为“获得”，符合语境。fear恐惧；order命令；offer主 伤害而建造的？”。根据第二段中的“the growing Inca Empire 动提供。故选C。 began to occupy the Uros'mainland villages.To resist this threat,the ;9.D根据下文“but they treated us with respect and kindness”可知」 Uros began to build the floating islands'”可知，为了抵抗印加帝国 陌生人一家友好地对待作者一行人，即使作者一行人与他们有 的威胁，乌鲁斯人开始建造浮动岛屿。题干中的“defending 很大不同，设空处应是对这种差异的强调。definitely意为 residents against the attackers”与文中的“To resist this threat'”是同： 定”，符合语境。especially尤其；officially正式地；occasionally偶 义转换。故选B。 尔。 故选D。 653 10.D根据上下文和常识可知，作者一行人与陌生人的家庭风格 从句中作宾语，表示“所…的”。故填What 迥异，通常不是他们会交往的那类人。associate with意为“交 2.has experimented考查动词的时态。句意：多年来，Gates尝试 往”，符合语境。ask about询问：complain about抱怨：agree with 找出适合种植在这个炎热干旱的地区的植物并有了一些有趣的 同意。故选D。 发现。根据句中的时间状语“Over the years”可知，此处应用现 Il.C根据上文的“heart--warming、so kind、respect and kindness'”及 在完成时。故填has experimented。 常识可知，陌生人对作者一行人善良无私的帮助增强了作者对 3.discoveries 考查名词。句意同上题。根据空前的“som 人性的信心。strengthen意为“加强”，符合语境。reveal揭露： interesting”和句意可知.此处应用名词复数。故填discoveries shake摇晃：shape形成。故选C。 4.adaptable 考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是， 些以喜水著称 12.D根据上文陌生人帮助作者一行人并不计任何回报可知，此 的植物被证明对干旱有适应能力。分析句子结构可知，此处考 处作者想说明在帮助他人时应该没有附加条件。giv意为“给 查“prove+ad.”结构。adaptable“能适应的，适应性强的”。故 予”，符合语境。state陈述；wish希望：save拯救。故选D。 填adaptable。 l3.A根据上文“Whatever the person 2 always comes with no 5 chosen 考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，许多专门挑选的耐旱植 strings attached”可知，善良总是没有任何附加条件的，这是最令 物很享受这种高温。句中已有谓语have enjoyed,故此处为非谓 人印象深刻的部分。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合 语；choose与plants之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作 语境。practical实际的；satisfactory满意的；evident明显的。故 后置定语。故填chosen. 光A 6.On考查介词。句意：Gates有时站在落地窗旁欣赏景色。on l4.B根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) occasion是固定搭配，表示“有时，偶尔”。故填On。 tips for the homeless.”可知，作者一行人把善意传递了下去 ;7.is used考查动词的时态和语态。句意：砾石被用作植物生长的 是受到陌生人无私帮助一事的激励。inspire意为“激励；鼓 一层，将路径与植物连接起来。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现 舞 ,符合语境。fund资助：owe欠；delight使高兴。故选B。 在时：Gravel与use之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填is 15.C根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) used tips for the homeless.”可知，f作者一行人一有机会就帮助别人，help 8 contrasting 考查非谓语动词。句意：给人的感觉是一个放松、自 意为“帮助”，符合语境。rive驱赶；seek寻找：point指出。故 然的空间，砾石的浅色与谷仓的黑色交相辉映。此处为th复 光 合结构，contrast在此作不及物动词，意为“形成对照”，与其逻 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。虽然科幻电视在塑造我们 辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填contrasting。 对未来膳食的看法方面做了很多工作，但是世界还没有完全从饥 :9.the 考查冠词。 句意：Gates建议将砾石覆盖在最上层，因为砾 饿中拯救出来 石在夏天可以将水分锁定在下面的土壤中，而在冬天，它会使能 1.D根据下文“However,while these ideas for food creation are 让植物腐烂的水分远离植物。for the reason that'“因为…，由 more than fifty years old,the way we produce and consume food has ”是固定用法。故填the not changed very much.(然而，尽管这些创造食物的想法已经有 10.better 考查副词比较级。句意：这有助于一些植物更好地适应 50多年的历史了，但我们生产和消费食物的方式并没有太大变 极端气候。根据语境及句中的比较级修饰词“abit”可知，此处 化。)”可知，上下文是转折关系，故空处在语意上应承接上文 应用比较级。故填better。 根据上文“Science fiction television has done a lot to shape how we 练案「6 view the meals of the future,from an evening dinner in pill form to machines giving us any meal we desire,on demand.(科幻电视在 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了带有音调的语言可以提高母语者 塑造我们对未来膳食的看法方面做了很多工作，从药丸形式的 !的旋律感知能力，但是也会在一定程度上降低他们的节奏感。 晚餐到按需为我们提供任何膳食的机器。)”可知，上文讲到科 A 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Speaking a native languag 幻电视中对未来膳食的构想，下文说到这种构想可能产生的结 that requires tones appears to boost perception(感知)of melody"可 果。D项“Nobody would ever starve if food were this easy to 知，说需要音调的母语似乎可以增强对旋律的感知。再根据画 obtain.(如果食物这么容易获得，没有人会挨饿。)”承接上文. 线词所在句“The massive global study hints at how language skills 符合语境。故选D。 seep into other areas of cognition.”可知，此处表示大规模的全球 2. 根据上文“Even though there is enough food available today to 研究揭示语言技能对认知的其他领域的影响，即语言技能是如 feed the world,more than 870 million people do not have enough to 何渗透到认知的其他领域。由此可推知，画线短语意为“渗透’ eat.(尽管今天有足够的食物养活全世界，但仍有超过8.7亿人 A项为其同义表达。故选A 没有足够的食物。)”可知，上文讲到世界上粮食短缺的问题。E 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On avera, native speakers "And it is unbelievable that hunger kills more people than disease of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task does.(令人难以置信的是，机饿导致的死亡人数超过了疾病造 compared with speakers of 29 non-tonal languages.And the effect 成的死亡人数。)”进一步补充粮食短缺的现状，符合语境。故 wasn't small-a tonal first language enhanced melodic perception by 选E。 about half the amount that music lessons did,which was also 3.G根据下文“The result of this panic was the green revolution surveyed.”可知，带有音调的语言有助于母语者更好地掌握旋 (这场恐慌的结果是‘绿色革命’)”可知，空格处应说明“这场恐 。故选D。 慌”是什么。G项“At that time scientists were genuinely worried:3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“You've got a finite resource of that we would run out of food..(当时，科学家们真的很担心我们会 attention and you've got to allocate that somehow'”可推知，考特尼 耗尽食物。)”说明科学家的担忧，即恐慌，符合语境。故选G。 ·希尔顿可能会认同有限的注意力跨度解释了人类在音乐上的 4.B根据下文“Having enough food is only the first step.There are 权衡。故选C complications with natural disasters, conthct poverty and 4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Speaking a environmental problems.All these can mean that the food supply is native language that requires tones appears to boost perception of put at risk.(有足够的食物只是第一步。自然灾害、冲突、贫困和 melody,but at the cost of rhythm.. 可知，文章在首段提出一项 环境问题也很复杂。所有这些都可能意味着粮食供应处于危险 研究：带有音调的语言可以提高母语者的旋律感知能力，但在 之中。)”可知，设空处在段首，应为本段主旨句。B项“There are 定程度上降低他们的节奏感。下文详细介绍了该研究方法与结 many complexities when dealing with food.(在处理食物时有很多 果，故本文主要介绍了母语可能塑造音乐能力。故选B, 复杂性。)”能概括本段主旨，complexities与complications相呼 应。故选B。 语篇导读：本文主要介绍为了传承夏威夷语言，教师带领孩子 5.F根据下文“Many people are concerned about‘playing around 们学习当地语言，并在生活中使用该语言，以便更好地传承本族 with nature',adjusting how food looks and tastes and smells,and 文化 other human interferences(干预)，all of which are widespread.(许 i5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they have a weighty 多人担心‘玩弄自然’，调整食物的外观、味道和气味，以及其他 responsibility:to receive the torch()and insure the security of 人为干扰，这些都是普遍存在的。)”可知此处在讲在食品实验 olelo Hawai‘i for future generations'”可知，该校学生承担传承复 方面面临的问题。F项“Then there are the issues we face when it 威夷当地语言的重任。故选C项， comes to food experimentation.(然后是我们在食品实验方面面临6.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they're encouraged to focus on 的问题。)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F more useful'subjects and use English,which is believed to assist 语篇导读：本文是记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。文章 them in achieving success in their work”可知，为了在工作中取得 介绍了园艺设计师Jane Gates搬家到苏塞克斯郡的乡村后建造的 成功，很多学生放弃夏威夷语言的学习。故选A。 适应气候变化的抗旱花园的相关内容。 7.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In2016,there were18,610 1.What 考查主语从句。句意：她不知道的是她的花园会在多快 Hawaiian speakers on the islands.”及第四段中的“One hundred 的时间内适应如今不断变化的气候。空处引导主语从句，且在 thousand is the approximate number of speakers needed to consider 654