内容正文:
专题02 形容词与副词
目录
学考要求速览
必备知识梳理
高频考点精讲
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
进阶分级练
形容词:考查形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。如“a beautiful park”中“beautiful”作定语修饰“park”;“The play Tea - house is both moving and interesting”中“moving”和“interesting”作表语;“Who left the window open?”中“open”作宾语补足语。
副词:考查时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法。
词形转换:考查形容词和副词之间的词性转换,以及名词与形容词、副词之间的转换。
比较级和最高级:考查形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法,以及比较级的修饰语。
词义辨析:形容词、副词词义的辨析是历年考查的热点。
特殊用法:(1)“定冠词the + 形容词”:表示一类人或物,作主语或宾语。如“The young are fond of sports”,“the young”表示年轻人这一类人。(2)分词形容词:某些动词加“-ed”和“–ing”都可构成形容词,加“-ed”的形容词表示“本身是……”,加“-ing”的形容词表示“能够引起……”。如“The disappointing boy made his parents very disappointed”,“disappointing”表示男孩令人失望,“disappointed”表示父母本身感到失望。
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
形容词是英语中用于修饰名词或代词,说明人或事物的性质、特征、状态或数量的词,是高考英语语法的基础且重要考点。
(一)形容词的定义与基本特征
形容词主要功能是对名词或代词进行描述、限定,回答 “什么样的”“多少” 等问题,使表达更具体、生动。形容词不能单独作谓语(需与系动词搭配构成系表结构);修饰名词时,通常位于名词前(定语位置);作表语时,位于系动词后;部分形容词有比较级和最高级形式,用于表示程度差异。根据不同的分类标准,形容词可分为以下几类,高考学考中常考查各类形容词的用法区别:
1. 按性质划分
(1)性质形容词
描述人或事物本身所具有的性质、特征,可用于比较级和最高级。
例句 1:This is a beautiful flower.(这是一朵漂亮的花。)
解析:“beautiful”(漂亮的)描述花朵的固有特征,可变形为 “more beautiful”(更漂亮的)、“most beautiful”(最漂亮的)。
例句 2:She is a kind girl who always helps others.(她是一个善良的女孩,总是帮助别人。)
解析:“kind”(善良的)体现女孩的性格特质,比较级为 “kinder”,最高级为 “kindest”。
(2)状态形容词
描述人或事物所处的暂时状态,通常不可用于比较级和最高级。
例句 1:The door is open now.(门现在是开着的。)
解析:“open”(开着的)表示门当前的状态,不能说 “more open” 或 “most open”(特殊语境除外)。
例句 2:He feels tired after a long walk.(走了很长一段路后,他感到疲惫。)
解析:“tired”(疲惫的)是暂时的身体状态,无比较级和最高级形式(若需表达程度,可用 “very tired”“extremely tired”)。
2. 按构成划分
(1)简单形容词
由一个词构成,是最基础的形容词形式。
例句 1:The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。)
例句 2:This book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。)
(2)复合形容词
由两个或多个词通过连字符连接构成,或由 “名词 + 形容词”“形容词 + 形容词” 等结构构成。
例句 1:She is a 20-year-old student.(她是一名 20 岁的学生。)
解析:“20-year-old” 由 “数词 + 名词 + 形容词” 构成,作定语修饰 “student”,注意名词 “year” 用单数形式。
例句 2:This is a well-known writer.(这是一位著名的作家。)
解析:“well-known” 由 “副词 + 过去分词” 构成,意为 “著名的”,可作定语或表语(如 “The writer is well-known.”)。
例句 3:He bought a red-and-white shirt.(他买了一件红白相间的衬衫。)
解析:“red-and-white” 由 “形容词 + and + 形容词” 构成,描述衬衫的颜色特征。
(二)形容词的常见用法
形容词在句中主要有以下几种用法,高考学考语法填空、完形填空和书面表达中均会涉及:
1. 作定语(修饰名词 / 代词)
形容词作定语时,通常位于被修饰的名词前;若修饰不定代词(如 something, anything, nothing, someone 等),则需后置。
例句 1:I have a new bag.(我有一个新书包。)
解析:“new”(新的)位于名词 “bag” 前,作前置定语。
例句 2:There is something important in the box.(盒子里有一些重要的东西。)
解析:“important”(重要的)修饰不定代词 “something”,作后置定语,译文需符合中文表达习惯,调整为 “一些重要的东西” 而非 “重要的一些东西”。
例句 3:Do you know the young man over there?(你认识那边那个年轻的男人吗?)
解析:“young”(年轻的)修饰 “man”,“over there”(在那边)是地点状语,不影响形容词的前置位置。
2. 作表语(位于系动词后)
形容词作表语时,需与系动词(如 be, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, become, get, turn 等)搭配,构成 “系动词 + 形容词” 的系表结构,说明主语的性质或状态。
例句 1:The food tastes delicious.(这食物尝起来很美味。)
解析:“tastes”(尝起来)是系动词,“delicious”(美味的)作表语,描述食物的味道。
例句 2:She looks happy today.(她今天看起来很高兴。)
解析:“looks”(看起来)是系动词,“happy”(高兴的)作表语,体现主语的情绪状态。
例句 3:The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(树叶在秋天变黄。)
解析:“turn”(变得)是系动词,“yellow”(黄色的)作表语,描述树叶颜色的变化。
3. 作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
形容词作宾语补足语时,位于宾语后,补充说明宾语的性质、状态,常见于 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构中,常用的谓语动词有 make, keep, find, think, consider 等。
例句 1:We should keep our classroom clean.(我们应该保持教室干净。)
解析:“our classroom” 是宾语,“clean”(干净的)作宾语补足语,说明 “教室” 应处于的状态。
例句 2:The news made her sad.(这个消息让她很伤心。)
解析:“her” 是宾语,“sad”(伤心的)作宾语补足语,体现 “她” 的情绪变化。
例句 3:I find it easy to learn English.(我发现学英语很容易。)
解析:“it” 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是 “to learn English”,“easy”(容易的)作宾语补足语,译文调整为 “学英语很容易”,符合中文表达逻辑。
4. 作状语(修饰句子或谓语动词)
形容词作状语时,通常表示主语的状态、伴随情况或原因,多位于句首、句末或句中,用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
例句 1:Hungry and tired, he went home quickly.(又饿又累,他快速地回了家。)
解析:“Hungry and tired”(又饿又累)作状语,描述主语 “he” 的状态,位于句首,用逗号隔开。
例句 2:She stood there, silent.(她站在那里,一言不发。)
解析:“silent”(沉默的)作状语,伴随 “stood”(站)这个动作,位于句末,用逗号隔开。
例句 3:Afraid of being late, she got up at 6 o'clock.(因为害怕迟到,她 6 点就起床了。)
解析:“Afraid of being late”(害怕迟到)作状语,表原因,位于句首,用逗号隔开。
(三)形容词的比较级和最高级
比较级和最高级是高考形容词的核心考点,主要用于表示两者或三者及以上之间的程度比较,需掌握其构成规则和用法。
1. 比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词:
一般在词尾加 “-er”(比较级)、“-est”(最高级)。
例:tall(高的)→ taller(更高的)→ tallest(最高的)
This tree is taller than that one.(这棵树比那棵高。)
This is the tallest tree in the park.(这是公园里最高的树。)
以不发音的 “e” 结尾的词,加 “-r”(比较级)、“-st”(最高级)。
例:nice(好的)→ nicer(更好的)→ nicest(最好的)
Her smile is nicer than yours.(她的笑容比你的更甜。)
This is the nicest gift I have ever received.(这是我收到过的最好的礼物。)
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的词,变 “y” 为 “i”,再加 “-er”“-est”。
例:easy(容易的)→ easier(更容易的)→ easiest(最容易的)
Math is easier than physics for me.(对我来说,数学比物理容易。)
This is the easiest question in the exam.(这是考试中最简单的题目。)
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写末尾辅音字母,再加 “-er”“-est”。
例:big(大的)→ bigger(更大的)→ biggest(最大的)
My room is bigger than yours.(我的房间比你的大。)
This is the biggest apple in the basket.(这是篮子里最大的苹果。)
部分双音节词和多音节词:
在词前加 “more”(比较级)、“most”(最高级)。
例 1:beautiful(漂亮的)→ more beautiful → most beautiful
She is more beautiful than her sister.(她比她姐姐漂亮。)
She is the most beautiful girl in the class.(她是班里最漂亮的女孩。)
例 2:important(重要的)→ more important → most important
Health is more important than money.(健康比金钱重要。)
This is the most important thing for me now.(这是我现在最重要的事。)
(2)不规则变化
部分形容词的比较级和最高级变化无规律,需特殊记忆,高考中常考的有:
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
good/well
better
best
This movie is better than that one.(这部电影比那部好。)/This is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。)
bad/ill
worse
worst
His health is worse than before.(他的健康比以前差了。)/This is the worst news I have heard recently.(这是我最近听到的最坏的消息。)
many/much
more
most
I have more books than you.(我的书比你多。)/She has the most money in her family.(她家里钱最多。)
little
less
least
He spends less time on games than before.(他花在游戏上的时间比以前少了。)/This is the least interesting book I have read.(这是我读过的最无趣的书。)
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
He lives farther from school than me.(他住的地方比我离学校远。)(距离)/We need further discussion.(我们需要进一步讨论。)/(程度)This is the farthest place I have ever been to.(这是我去过的最远的地方。)
2. 比较级和最高级的用法
(1)比较级的用法
表示两者之间的比较,常用 “比较级 + than” 结构。
例句:Tom is taller than Mike.(汤姆比迈克高。)
表示 “两者中较…… 的一个”,用 “the + 比较级 + of the two” 结构。
例句:She is the more outgoing of the two sisters.(她是两姐妹中更外向的那个。)
表示 “越……,越……”,用 “the + 比较级,the + 比较级” 结构。
例句:The harder you work, the better grades you will get.(你越努力学习,成绩就会越好。)
比较级前可加程度副词(如 much, a lot, a little, even, far 等),表示程度差异。
例句 1:This book is much more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本有趣得多。)
例句 2:He is a little taller than me.(他比我高一点。)
(2)最高级的用法
表示三者及以上之间的比较,常用 “the + 最高级 + of/in” 结构(of 后接复数名词或代词,in 后接表示范围的名词)。
例句 1:She is the most popular student in our class.(她是我们班最受欢迎的学生。)
例句 2:This is the best restaurant of all.(这是所有餐厅中最好的一家。)
最高级前可加程度副词(如 by far, almost, nearly 等),加强语气。
例句:This is by far the most difficult problem I have ever solved.(这是我迄今为止解决过的最难的问题。)
表示 “最…… 之一”,用 “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词” 结构。
例句:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.(北京是中国最大的城市之一。)
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
副词是高考英语语法的核心考点之一,主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,常考查分类、句法功能、比较等级及特殊用法。
(一)副词的特征
副词是表示动作特征、状态程度、时间、地点、方式等的词,核心功能是 “修饰与限定”,多数以 “-ly” 结尾(如 quickly),但也有不规则形式(如 fast、here)。
副词不能修饰名词,而形容词(Adj.)可修饰名词(如 “a quick run” 是形容词 + 名词,“run quickly” 是动词 + 副词)。
(二)副词的分类(高频知识点)
1. 方式副词(修饰动作 “如何发生”)
规则形式:由形容词加 “-ly” 构成,如 careful→carefully、polite→politely。
不规则形式:fast(快地)、hard(努力地)、well(好地)。
例句:
She speaks English fluently.(她英语说得很流利。)
He works hard to pass the exam.(他为了通过考试努力学习。)
The machine runs smoothly after repair.(机器维修后运转顺畅。)
2. 程度副词(修饰形容词 / 副词 “程度高低”)
高频词:very(非常)、quite(相当)、rather(颇)、too(太)、so(如此)、almost(几乎)、hardly(几乎不)。
程度副词不修饰动词,修饰动词需用 “a lot”“very much” 等短语。
例句:
This book is quite interesting.(这本书相当有趣。)
He is too young to drive a car.(他太年轻,还不能开车。)
I hardly understand his words.(我几乎听不懂他的话。)(注:hardly 表否定,易与 “hard” 混淆)
3. 时间副词(表示 “何时发生”)
高频词:now(现在)、then(那时)、already(已经)、yet(还 / 尚未,用于否定 / 疑问句)、soon(很快)、recently(最近)。
例句:
They have already finished their homework.(他们已经完成了作业。)
Has he come yet?(他还没来吗?)(疑问句用 yet)
I met an old friend recently.(我最近遇到了一位老朋友。)
4. 地点副词(表示 “何地发生”)
高频词:here(这里)、there(那里)、everywhere(到处)、anywhere(任何地方)、up(向上)、down(向下)。
例句:
Put the book there on the desk.(把书放在桌子上的那个位置。)
We looked for the key everywhere, but couldn’t find it.(我们到处找钥匙,但没找到。)
5. 频度副词(表示 “动作发生频率”)
高频词:always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)。
频度副词需放在 “be 动词后、实义动词前”。
例句:
She is always late for class.(be 动词后:她上课总是迟到。)
He often plays basketball on weekends.(实义动词前:他周末经常打篮球。)
(三)副词的句法功能
副词在句中可作状语、表语、定语,其中状语是核心考点。
功能
修饰对象
例句
状语
动词、形容词、副词、句子
1. He sings beautifully.(修饰动词:他唱得好听。)2. The room is very clean.(修饰形容词:房间很干净。)3. She runs very fast.(修饰副词:她跑得非常快。)4. Luckily, he passed the exam.(修饰句子:幸运的是,他通过了考试。)
表语
与 be 动词 / 系动词连用
My parents are out now.(我父母现在出去了。)
定语
后置修饰名词(多为地点 / 时间副词)
The people here are very friendly.(这里的人很友好。)
(四)副词的比较等级
副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级、最高级,规则与形容词类似,但有特殊变化:
1. 规则变化
单音节 / 部分双音节副词:加 “-er”(比较级)、“-est”(最高级),如 fast→faster→fastest、hard→harder→hardest。
多音节副词:在词前加 “more”(比较级)、“most”(最高级),如 carefully→more carefully→most carefully。
2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
well
better
best
He sings better than me.(他唱得比我好。)She sings best in the class.(她在班里唱得最好。)
badly
worse
worst
The plan worked worse than expected.(计划实施得比预期差。)
much
more
most
I need more time to finish it.(我需要更多时间完成它。)
3. 比较等级常用句型
原级:as + 副词原级 + as(和…… 一样);not as/so + 副词原级 + as(不如……)
例句:She runs as fast as her brother.(她跑得和她哥哥一样快。)
比较级:副词比较级 + than;“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”(越…… 越……)
例句:The harder you study, the better grades you will get.(你学习越努力,成绩就越好。)
最高级:the + 副词最高级 + in/of(在…… 中最……)
例句:He works the hardest in his team.(他在团队中工作最努力。)
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
例1.The animals were still ______ when they arrived.
A.infecting B.infection C.infective D.infectious
【答案】D
【解析】考产形容词词义辨析。句意:这些动物到来时仍带有传染病。A. infecting现在分词,传染;B. infection为名词,传染,感染;C. infective会传染的;D. infectious为形容词,带有传染病的。根据“when they arrived.”可知,动物来时是带传染性的。形容词作表语。infective表示“可以导致疾病的”,infectious用来表示“具有传染性的”,根据句意,故选D。
例2.The mother wondered where her boy ______.
A.hid himself B.was hidden C.was hiding D.hid herself
【答案】B
【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句意:这位母亲想知道她的儿子躲在哪里。动词hide作及物动词是意为“藏,隐蔽”,做不及物动词时意为“躲藏”,无被动形式;根据句意可知,此处表达的是孩子自己躲起来了,强调的是状态,故选项A不符;选项D人称代词herself指女性,也错误;“孩子自己躲着”,强调的是状态,而非动作的进行,选项B的was hidden中的hidden为形容词,表示状态“隐藏着的”符合语境;而选项C的was hiding强调正在躲这一动作。故选B项。
1.She showed us a(n) ________ chess set, which once graced Napoleon’s private study.
A.ivory French antique B.ivory antique hand-carved
C.French hand-carved ivory D.antique hand-carved ivory
2.The sorry-looking, blackened thief from the chimney, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had been stuck there for ten hours, which shows that punishment is meted out quite human interference.
A.emerged, dependent of B.being emerged, independent of
C.emerging, independent of D.having emerged, dependent of
3.Jack went to college last year and left his parents, to return home until he achieved his goal.
A.determined not B.not determined
C.not determining D.being determined not
4.Recently, not only the students but also the professor in the study of the latest _______theory, and they work day and night.
A.has been absorbed; literal; literately B.have been absorbed; literary; literately
C.has been absorbed; literary; literally D.have been absorbed; literal; literally
5.________ in 1842, Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain, ________ more than 150 million pounds.
A.Completing; is worth B.Completed; worth
C.Having been completed; is worthy D.Completed; is worth
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
6.—Now that you like the laptop so much, why not buy one?
—Well. I can’t afford ________ computer at present.
A.that expensive a B.such expensive a C.that an expensive D.a that expensive
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词。句意:—既然你那么喜欢笔记本电脑,为什么不买一个呢?—嗯,目前我负担不起那么贵的一台电脑。that作程度副词,意为“那么”,相当于so,修饰形容词或副词,结构为“that +形容词/副词+a/an+名词”。故选A。
7.The play is ________ worth ________.
A.very, seeing B.good, to see
C.well, seeing D.well, to see
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:这出戏非常值得一看。be worth doing表示“值得做……”,第一空修饰worth doing用副词,故C项正确。
1.In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by his readers with a series of coincidences — most of them improbable.
A.acquainting, credulously B.presenting, extremely
C.offering, steadily D.relating, wildly
2.The food________ easily and sells________.
A.cooks; well B.is cooking; good C.is cooked; well D.cooked; good
3.The meeting is beginning at 8 o’clock. ________, let’s make some preparations for it.
A.When B.Meanwhile C.While D.During
4.With the number of confirmed cases rising, ________ the risks of infection remain high.
A.urgently B.vitally C.objectively D.apparently
5.He thinks that this popular book written by the young writer deserves _______,but in my opinion, the book written by the famous writer is _____ worth reading.
A.to read; better B.reading; more C.to be read; more D.reading; better
一、单项选择
1.—Do you think it _______ to argue with them?
—The question is not worth _______.
A.worthy; to be discussed B.worthwhile; discussing
C.worthwhile; to discuss D.worth; to be discussed
2.For most of the ________ history, China had the world most ________ civilization.
A.recorded; advancing B.recording; advancing
C.recording; advanced D.recorded; advanced
3.The reason why he _________ the new situations quickly is that he has a _________ attitude.
A.adapted to; changeable B.adapted for; alternate
C.adapted for; movable D.adapted to; flexible
4.________, Jane couldn’t ________her tears of regret.
A.Desperate; help B.Desperately; contain
C.Desperate; contain D.Desperately; hold
5.The players, ________ came from a big city, were practicing playing basketball on the playground.
A.the tall of whom B.the tallest of whom
C.the tallest one D.the tallest of them
6.When entering the office, ________.
A.we found Jimmy seating at a desk B.Jimmy was found sat at a desk
C.Jimmy was found sitting at a desk D.we found Jimmy seated at a desk
7.The five-year-old girl who sits in the front row, ready to learn _________meager scraps (微薄的碎片) of knowledge we can throw her way.
A.which B.that C.whatever D.where
8.For many older people, especially those __________health issues, poor eyesight makes_______ almost impossible on small screens, and their leathery fingers makes _________to use touch-screens.
A.suffering, reading, it hard B.suffering from, reading, it hard
C.suffering from, to read, hard D.suffering, to read, hard
9.Look! What a ________tower this is! The birds can’t fly that ________.
A.highly; high B.highly; highly C.high; high D.high; highly
10.Then they were asked to write their names on their ________ balloons carefully so that the balloons wouldn’t blow out.
A.respected B.respectable C.respectful D.respective
11.For those ____don’t smoke, it is ____ easier not to start smoking than it is to quit it.
A.which; much B.which; more
C.who; much D.who; more
12.Don’t worry. Tonight’s football match will be broadcast____and we can enjoy it together.
A.alive B.lively C.live D.living
13.While David sometimes has trouble getting along with his parents and even argues with them, his parents love him_______.
A.no less B.no more C.not so much D.not so little
14.The deeper you dive, ________ you can breathe.
A.the difficultly B.more difficultly
C.the more difficultly D.most difficultly
15._______ difficulty we meet with, we must finish it on time, because the opportunity is _______ valuable.
A.Whatever; that B.However; such
C.However; so D.Whatever; such
16.The buildings around are _____ of modern construction.
A.most B.many
C.mostly D.very
17._________, this kind of Chinese food sells _______.
A.To taste well; good B.Tasted good; well
C.Tasting good; well D.Taste good; good
18.--- This book by Tony Garrison is of great use for our course.
--- But I think his latest one is ______ worth reading.
A.better B.more C.most D.very
19.If water becomes ________scarce in decades _______water _______will become a hot issue all over the world.
A.increased, coming, short B.increasing, to come, short
C.increasedly, coming, shortage D.increasingly, to come, shortage
20.To help the blind, young Louis Braille created a system _________ six raised dots representing different letter; _____ the blind can easily recognize Brail with the fingers now.
A.made up of; but B.consisted of; thus
C.making up of; but D.consisting of; thus
二、
A
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Neuralink, 1 (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), a device that can read speech signals 2 (direct) from the brain and transform them into text. The project aims to help people with speech disorders.
The company’s president, DJ Seo, said the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted 3 (permit) for the study. According to him, the technology will be able to record 4 a person is trying to say or mentally imagine speech. “If you’re imagining saying something, we would be able to pick that up,” Seo said.
Neuralink is currently conducting five more clinical trials of implants (植入) that allow users 5 (control) electronic devices, including computers, using brain signals. The company is considering implanting the device in healthy people by 2030, which would be 6 step towards creating consumer technology.
Similar developments are already being tested by other scientific groups to restore speech in patients 7 possess ability to think but cannot physically pronounce words. While companies like Synchron focus on less invasive (侵入的) methods, Neuralink’s deeper brain implant approach offers 8 (detailed) brain data.
The start of the tests in October was postponed from the previous plan: implantation in the part of the brain for language 9 (suppose) to begin by the end of September. In addition to 10 (restore) speech, Neuralink is studying the possibilities of treating blindness and Parkinson’s disease.
B
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How can a timeless story come alive again? 1 (stage) at the Esplanade — Theatres on the Bay in Singapore, the Chinese classic, A Dream of Red Mansions, attracted an audience of about 7,000, marking the start of its first overseas tour.
The dance drama unfolds a centuries-old tale, rich with love and 2 (lose). As the curtain slowly rose, the audiences 3 (draw) into a world of traditional Chinese beauty. Inspired by classical ink paintings, the stage design combined folding screens, silk curtains, tables and soft lights 4 (create) a space rooted in Chinese aesthetics (美学) . Then the Jia family’s mansion appeared, 5 delicate columns and roofs reflecting the elegance of the. Qing Dynasty. At the center 6 (stand) Jia Baoyu, dressed in red, and the fates of the “12 beauties” began to emerge.
The director and choreographer (编舞者), Li Xing and Li Chao, artfully wove the number12 into the performance — 12 bunches of flowers, 12 high-back chairs, 12 colors, and 12 dance pieces, each symbolizing 7 unique aspect of the journey of “12 beauties”. Their lives, 8 revealed their emotional depth and complexity, came to life in dance through the eyes of Jia.
Audiences were impressed by the rich storytelling, graceful choreography, and 9 (strike) stage design, calling it a feast for the senses. “We hope this work of art helps more people engage with Chinese culture and promotes 10 (deep) understanding between traditions,” said Liao Yi, general manager of the Jiangsu Centre for the Performing Arts.
C
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane Goodall, the world-renowned primatologist (灵长类动物学家), 1 (honor) with numerous international awards throughout her extraordinary career over six decades. Her groundbreaking research in 2 forests of Tanzania fundamentally reshaped our understanding of animal intelligence and behavior. Not only did she make the astonishing discovery 3 chimpanzees use tools-a capability previously believed to be uniquely human — but she also thoroughly documented their complex social structures and emotional lives.
When first arriving in Gombe Stream National Park in 1960, the young researcher patiently earned the animals’ trust by studying their daily routines through quiet observation. Her most significant finding, 4 challenged established scientific beliefs, was that these remarkable creatures possessed distinct personalities. Despite facing considerable skepticism from the scientific community initially, she remained devoted 5 her research with firm determination, thus 6 (earn) worldwide recognition for her work.
The Jane Goodall Institute, which she founded in 1977, has been 7 (remarkable) successful in promoting global conservation efforts. Goodall’s lifelong work demonstrates that 8 (meaning) environmental protection requires genuine commitment from governments, organizations, and individuals worldwide. Her approach to research, 9 (base) on observation rather than independent experimentation, changed primatology (灵长类学). Her message of hope and perseverance continues to inspire young 10 (scientist) around the world today.
D
阅读下列文章,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the success of “Ne Zha 2”, another Chinese animated film “Nobody” has gone viral. Its box office earnings 1 (total)776 million yuan since its debut on August 2, smashing the record for Chinese-made 2D animated films. On Douban, 2 film review platform known for its stringent(严格的)ratings, the animation has scored an 3 (impress) 8.6, edging out “Ne Zha 2” by 0.1 points.
“Both films are excellent. The former has grand special effects, while the latter excels in storytelling,” a movie-goer 4 surname is Cao said.
5 (base)on the classic “Journey to the West”, the film doesn’t focus on the Monkey King. Instead, it spotlights monsters that appear in the novel. A group of four low-level yaoguais decide to journey west by dressing up 6 Monk Tang’s team. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as 7 (hero).
“The film puts contemporary themes onto minor yaoguais, 8 (ultimate)crafting a new story,” said producer Chen Liaoyu. Many viewers love 9 (it)sarcastic(讽刺的)take on work culture and focus on minor characters. “The cinema is filled with laughs of kids and adults’ tears,” one Douban comment reads. “As kids, we dreamed of being the Monkey King, only 10 (realize)we’re ordinary yaoguais as adults.”
Professor Liang said Chinese creators reinvent traditional stories while honoring original values.
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专题02 形容词与副词
目录
学考要求速览
必备知识梳理
高频考点精讲
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
进阶分级练
形容词:考查形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。如“a beautiful park”中“beautiful”作定语修饰“park”;“The play Tea - house is both moving and interesting”中“moving”和“interesting”作表语;“Who left the window open?”中“open”作宾语补足语。
副词:考查时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法。
词形转换:考查形容词和副词之间的词性转换,以及名词与形容词、副词之间的转换。
比较级和最高级:考查形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法,以及比较级的修饰语。
词义辨析:形容词、副词词义的辨析是历年考查的热点。
特殊用法:(1)“定冠词the + 形容词”:表示一类人或物,作主语或宾语。如“The young are fond of sports”,“the young”表示年轻人这一类人。(2)分词形容词:某些动词加“-ed”和“–ing”都可构成形容词,加“-ed”的形容词表示“本身是……”,加“-ing”的形容词表示“能够引起……”。如“The disappointing boy made his parents very disappointed”,“disappointing”表示男孩令人失望,“disappointed”表示父母本身感到失望。
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
形容词是英语中用于修饰名词或代词,说明人或事物的性质、特征、状态或数量的词,是高考英语语法的基础且重要考点。
(一)形容词的定义与基本特征
形容词主要功能是对名词或代词进行描述、限定,回答 “什么样的”“多少” 等问题,使表达更具体、生动。形容词不能单独作谓语(需与系动词搭配构成系表结构);修饰名词时,通常位于名词前(定语位置);作表语时,位于系动词后;部分形容词有比较级和最高级形式,用于表示程度差异。根据不同的分类标准,形容词可分为以下几类,高考学考中常考查各类形容词的用法区别:
1. 按性质划分
(1)性质形容词
描述人或事物本身所具有的性质、特征,可用于比较级和最高级。
例句 1:This is a beautiful flower.(这是一朵漂亮的花。)
解析:“beautiful”(漂亮的)描述花朵的固有特征,可变形为 “more beautiful”(更漂亮的)、“most beautiful”(最漂亮的)。
例句 2:She is a kind girl who always helps others.(她是一个善良的女孩,总是帮助别人。)
解析:“kind”(善良的)体现女孩的性格特质,比较级为 “kinder”,最高级为 “kindest”。
(2)状态形容词
描述人或事物所处的暂时状态,通常不可用于比较级和最高级。
例句 1:The door is open now.(门现在是开着的。)
解析:“open”(开着的)表示门当前的状态,不能说 “more open” 或 “most open”(特殊语境除外)。
例句 2:He feels tired after a long walk.(走了很长一段路后,他感到疲惫。)
解析:“tired”(疲惫的)是暂时的身体状态,无比较级和最高级形式(若需表达程度,可用 “very tired”“extremely tired”)。
2. 按构成划分
(1)简单形容词
由一个词构成,是最基础的形容词形式。
例句 1:The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。)
例句 2:This book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。)
(2)复合形容词
由两个或多个词通过连字符连接构成,或由 “名词 + 形容词”“形容词 + 形容词” 等结构构成。
例句 1:She is a 20-year-old student.(她是一名 20 岁的学生。)
解析:“20-year-old” 由 “数词 + 名词 + 形容词” 构成,作定语修饰 “student”,注意名词 “year” 用单数形式。
例句 2:This is a well-known writer.(这是一位著名的作家。)
解析:“well-known” 由 “副词 + 过去分词” 构成,意为 “著名的”,可作定语或表语(如 “The writer is well-known.”)。
例句 3:He bought a red-and-white shirt.(他买了一件红白相间的衬衫。)
解析:“red-and-white” 由 “形容词 + and + 形容词” 构成,描述衬衫的颜色特征。
(二)形容词的常见用法
形容词在句中主要有以下几种用法,高考学考语法填空、完形填空和书面表达中均会涉及:
1. 作定语(修饰名词 / 代词)
形容词作定语时,通常位于被修饰的名词前;若修饰不定代词(如 something, anything, nothing, someone 等),则需后置。
例句 1:I have a new bag.(我有一个新书包。)
解析:“new”(新的)位于名词 “bag” 前,作前置定语。
例句 2:There is something important in the box.(盒子里有一些重要的东西。)
解析:“important”(重要的)修饰不定代词 “something”,作后置定语,译文需符合中文表达习惯,调整为 “一些重要的东西” 而非 “重要的一些东西”。
例句 3:Do you know the young man over there?(你认识那边那个年轻的男人吗?)
解析:“young”(年轻的)修饰 “man”,“over there”(在那边)是地点状语,不影响形容词的前置位置。
2. 作表语(位于系动词后)
形容词作表语时,需与系动词(如 be, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, become, get, turn 等)搭配,构成 “系动词 + 形容词” 的系表结构,说明主语的性质或状态。
例句 1:The food tastes delicious.(这食物尝起来很美味。)
解析:“tastes”(尝起来)是系动词,“delicious”(美味的)作表语,描述食物的味道。
例句 2:She looks happy today.(她今天看起来很高兴。)
解析:“looks”(看起来)是系动词,“happy”(高兴的)作表语,体现主语的情绪状态。
例句 3:The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(树叶在秋天变黄。)
解析:“turn”(变得)是系动词,“yellow”(黄色的)作表语,描述树叶颜色的变化。
3. 作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
形容词作宾语补足语时,位于宾语后,补充说明宾语的性质、状态,常见于 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构中,常用的谓语动词有 make, keep, find, think, consider 等。
例句 1:We should keep our classroom clean.(我们应该保持教室干净。)
解析:“our classroom” 是宾语,“clean”(干净的)作宾语补足语,说明 “教室” 应处于的状态。
例句 2:The news made her sad.(这个消息让她很伤心。)
解析:“her” 是宾语,“sad”(伤心的)作宾语补足语,体现 “她” 的情绪变化。
例句 3:I find it easy to learn English.(我发现学英语很容易。)
解析:“it” 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是 “to learn English”,“easy”(容易的)作宾语补足语,译文调整为 “学英语很容易”,符合中文表达逻辑。
4. 作状语(修饰句子或谓语动词)
形容词作状语时,通常表示主语的状态、伴随情况或原因,多位于句首、句末或句中,用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
例句 1:Hungry and tired, he went home quickly.(又饿又累,他快速地回了家。)
解析:“Hungry and tired”(又饿又累)作状语,描述主语 “he” 的状态,位于句首,用逗号隔开。
例句 2:She stood there, silent.(她站在那里,一言不发。)
解析:“silent”(沉默的)作状语,伴随 “stood”(站)这个动作,位于句末,用逗号隔开。
例句 3:Afraid of being late, she got up at 6 o'clock.(因为害怕迟到,她 6 点就起床了。)
解析:“Afraid of being late”(害怕迟到)作状语,表原因,位于句首,用逗号隔开。
(三)形容词的比较级和最高级
比较级和最高级是高考形容词的核心考点,主要用于表示两者或三者及以上之间的程度比较,需掌握其构成规则和用法。
1. 比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词:
一般在词尾加 “-er”(比较级)、“-est”(最高级)。
例:tall(高的)→ taller(更高的)→ tallest(最高的)
This tree is taller than that one.(这棵树比那棵高。)
This is the tallest tree in the park.(这是公园里最高的树。)
以不发音的 “e” 结尾的词,加 “-r”(比较级)、“-st”(最高级)。
例:nice(好的)→ nicer(更好的)→ nicest(最好的)
Her smile is nicer than yours.(她的笑容比你的更甜。)
This is the nicest gift I have ever received.(这是我收到过的最好的礼物。)
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的词,变 “y” 为 “i”,再加 “-er”“-est”。
例:easy(容易的)→ easier(更容易的)→ easiest(最容易的)
Math is easier than physics for me.(对我来说,数学比物理容易。)
This is the easiest question in the exam.(这是考试中最简单的题目。)
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写末尾辅音字母,再加 “-er”“-est”。
例:big(大的)→ bigger(更大的)→ biggest(最大的)
My room is bigger than yours.(我的房间比你的大。)
This is the biggest apple in the basket.(这是篮子里最大的苹果。)
部分双音节词和多音节词:
在词前加 “more”(比较级)、“most”(最高级)。
例 1:beautiful(漂亮的)→ more beautiful → most beautiful
She is more beautiful than her sister.(她比她姐姐漂亮。)
She is the most beautiful girl in the class.(她是班里最漂亮的女孩。)
例 2:important(重要的)→ more important → most important
Health is more important than money.(健康比金钱重要。)
This is the most important thing for me now.(这是我现在最重要的事。)
(2)不规则变化
部分形容词的比较级和最高级变化无规律,需特殊记忆,高考中常考的有:
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
good/well
better
best
This movie is better than that one.(这部电影比那部好。)/This is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。)
bad/ill
worse
worst
His health is worse than before.(他的健康比以前差了。)/This is the worst news I have heard recently.(这是我最近听到的最坏的消息。)
many/much
more
most
I have more books than you.(我的书比你多。)/She has the most money in her family.(她家里钱最多。)
little
less
least
He spends less time on games than before.(他花在游戏上的时间比以前少了。)/This is the least interesting book I have read.(这是我读过的最无趣的书。)
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
He lives farther from school than me.(他住的地方比我离学校远。)(距离)/We need further discussion.(我们需要进一步讨论。)/(程度)This is the farthest place I have ever been to.(这是我去过的最远的地方。)
2. 比较级和最高级的用法
(1)比较级的用法
表示两者之间的比较,常用 “比较级 + than” 结构。
例句:Tom is taller than Mike.(汤姆比迈克高。)
表示 “两者中较…… 的一个”,用 “the + 比较级 + of the two” 结构。
例句:She is the more outgoing of the two sisters.(她是两姐妹中更外向的那个。)
表示 “越……,越……”,用 “the + 比较级,the + 比较级” 结构。
例句:The harder you work, the better grades you will get.(你越努力学习,成绩就会越好。)
比较级前可加程度副词(如 much, a lot, a little, even, far 等),表示程度差异。
例句 1:This book is much more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本有趣得多。)
例句 2:He is a little taller than me.(他比我高一点。)
(2)最高级的用法
表示三者及以上之间的比较,常用 “the + 最高级 + of/in” 结构(of 后接复数名词或代词,in 后接表示范围的名词)。
例句 1:She is the most popular student in our class.(她是我们班最受欢迎的学生。)
例句 2:This is the best restaurant of all.(这是所有餐厅中最好的一家。)
最高级前可加程度副词(如 by far, almost, nearly 等),加强语气。
例句:This is by far the most difficult problem I have ever solved.(这是我迄今为止解决过的最难的问题。)
表示 “最…… 之一”,用 “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词” 结构。
例句:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.(北京是中国最大的城市之一。)
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
副词是高考英语语法的核心考点之一,主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,常考查分类、句法功能、比较等级及特殊用法。
(一)副词的特征
副词是表示动作特征、状态程度、时间、地点、方式等的词,核心功能是 “修饰与限定”,多数以 “-ly” 结尾(如 quickly),但也有不规则形式(如 fast、here)。
副词不能修饰名词,而形容词(Adj.)可修饰名词(如 “a quick run” 是形容词 + 名词,“run quickly” 是动词 + 副词)。
(二)副词的分类(高频知识点)
1. 方式副词(修饰动作 “如何发生”)
规则形式:由形容词加 “-ly” 构成,如 careful→carefully、polite→politely。
不规则形式:fast(快地)、hard(努力地)、well(好地)。
例句:
She speaks English fluently.(她英语说得很流利。)
He works hard to pass the exam.(他为了通过考试努力学习。)
The machine runs smoothly after repair.(机器维修后运转顺畅。)
2. 程度副词(修饰形容词 / 副词 “程度高低”)
高频词:very(非常)、quite(相当)、rather(颇)、too(太)、so(如此)、almost(几乎)、hardly(几乎不)。
程度副词不修饰动词,修饰动词需用 “a lot”“very much” 等短语。
例句:
This book is quite interesting.(这本书相当有趣。)
He is too young to drive a car.(他太年轻,还不能开车。)
I hardly understand his words.(我几乎听不懂他的话。)(注:hardly 表否定,易与 “hard” 混淆)
3. 时间副词(表示 “何时发生”)
高频词:now(现在)、then(那时)、already(已经)、yet(还 / 尚未,用于否定 / 疑问句)、soon(很快)、recently(最近)。
例句:
They have already finished their homework.(他们已经完成了作业。)
Has he come yet?(他还没来吗?)(疑问句用 yet)
I met an old friend recently.(我最近遇到了一位老朋友。)
4. 地点副词(表示 “何地发生”)
高频词:here(这里)、there(那里)、everywhere(到处)、anywhere(任何地方)、up(向上)、down(向下)。
例句:
Put the book there on the desk.(把书放在桌子上的那个位置。)
We looked for the key everywhere, but couldn’t find it.(我们到处找钥匙,但没找到。)
5. 频度副词(表示 “动作发生频率”)
高频词:always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)。
频度副词需放在 “be 动词后、实义动词前”。
例句:
She is always late for class.(be 动词后:她上课总是迟到。)
He often plays basketball on weekends.(实义动词前:他周末经常打篮球。)
(三)副词的句法功能
副词在句中可作状语、表语、定语,其中状语是核心考点。
功能
修饰对象
例句
状语
动词、形容词、副词、句子
1. He sings beautifully.(修饰动词:他唱得好听。)2. The room is very clean.(修饰形容词:房间很干净。)3. She runs very fast.(修饰副词:她跑得非常快。)4. Luckily, he passed the exam.(修饰句子:幸运的是,他通过了考试。)
表语
与 be 动词 / 系动词连用
My parents are out now.(我父母现在出去了。)
定语
后置修饰名词(多为地点 / 时间副词)
The people here are very friendly.(这里的人很友好。)
(四)副词的比较等级
副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级、最高级,规则与形容词类似,但有特殊变化:
1. 规则变化
单音节 / 部分双音节副词:加 “-er”(比较级)、“-est”(最高级),如 fast→faster→fastest、hard→harder→hardest。
多音节副词:在词前加 “more”(比较级)、“most”(最高级),如 carefully→more carefully→most carefully。
2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
well
better
best
He sings better than me.(他唱得比我好。)She sings best in the class.(她在班里唱得最好。)
badly
worse
worst
The plan worked worse than expected.(计划实施得比预期差。)
much
more
most
I need more time to finish it.(我需要更多时间完成它。)
3. 比较等级常用句型
原级:as + 副词原级 + as(和…… 一样);not as/so + 副词原级 + as(不如……)
例句:She runs as fast as her brother.(她跑得和她哥哥一样快。)
比较级:副词比较级 + than;“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”(越…… 越……)
例句:The harder you study, the better grades you will get.(你学习越努力,成绩就越好。)
最高级:the + 副词最高级 + in/of(在…… 中最……)
例句:He works the hardest in his team.(他在团队中工作最努力。)
考点一:形容词的基本用法及比较等级
例1.The animals were still ______ when they arrived.
A.infecting B.infection C.infective D.infectious
【答案】D
【解析】考产形容词词义辨析。句意:这些动物到来时仍带有传染病。A. infecting现在分词,传染;B. infection为名词,传染,感染;C. infective会传染的;D. infectious为形容词,带有传染病的。根据“when they arrived.”可知,动物来时是带传染性的。形容词作表语。infective表示“可以导致疾病的”,infectious用来表示“具有传染性的”,根据句意,故选D。
例2.The mother wondered where her boy ______.
A.hid himself B.was hidden C.was hiding D.hid herself
【答案】B
【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句意:这位母亲想知道她的儿子躲在哪里。动词hide作及物动词是意为“藏,隐蔽”,做不及物动词时意为“躲藏”,无被动形式;根据句意可知,此处表达的是孩子自己躲起来了,强调的是状态,故选项A不符;选项D人称代词herself指女性,也错误;“孩子自己躲着”,强调的是状态,而非动作的进行,选项B的was hidden中的hidden为形容词,表示状态“隐藏着的”符合语境;而选项C的was hiding强调正在躲这一动作。故选B项。
1.She showed us a(n) ________ chess set, which once graced Napoleon’s private study.
A.ivory French antique B.ivory antique hand-carved
C.French hand-carved ivory D.antique hand-carved ivory
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词的顺序。句意:她向我们展示了一套古董手工雕刻象牙象棋,这套象棋曾装点拿破仑的私人书房。A. ivory French antique材料+产地+新旧;B. ivory antique hand-carved材料+新旧+工艺;C. French hand-carved ivory产地+工艺+材料;D. antique hand-carved ivory新旧+工艺+材料。多个形容词作修饰名词的前置定语时,其顺序是:限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词等)→评述性形容词(表示观点、品质)→大小/长短/高低形容词→形状形容词→新旧/年龄形容词→颜色形容词→产地/国籍形容词→材料形容词→用途/类别形容词,工艺类形容词通常介于产地/国籍形容词和材料形容词之间,A项和B项顺序有误,再结合“that once graced Napoleon’s private study”可知,该物品很珍贵,antique“古董的,古老的”最能体现其历史价值,D项比C项更符合题意。故选D。
2.The sorry-looking, blackened thief from the chimney, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had been stuck there for ten hours, which shows that punishment is meted out quite human interference.
A.emerged, dependent of B.being emerged, independent of
C.emerging, independent of D.having emerged, dependent of
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词短语。句意:从烟囱里钻出来的那个满脸愁容、浑身漆黑的小偷,立刻承认他在夜里曾企图闯进店里,但在那里被困了十个小时,这说明惩罚是完全不受人为干预的。emerge出现;independent of不受……支配的;dependent of依赖。emerge from the chimney作后置定语,修饰名词thief,emerge(出现)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语thief之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动;结合句意可知,小偷自己被困烟囱十个小时,说明上天的惩罚不受人为影响,所以用形容词短语independent of human interference表示“不受人为干预”,作状语。故选C项。
3.Jack went to college last year and left his parents, to return home until he achieved his goal.
A.determined not B.not determined
C.not determining D.being determined not
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:杰克去年上了大学,离开了父母,决心不达到目标就不回家。determine to do sth.和be determined to do sth.都表示“决心做某事”,空处作句子的伴随状语,应用determined,表示状态,且结合空后内容可推知,此处指“决心不达到目标就不回家”,不定式的否定形式应在to前面加not。故选A。
4.Recently, not only the students but also the professor in the study of the latest _______theory, and they work day and night.
A.has been absorbed; literal; literately B.have been absorbed; literary; literately
C.has been absorbed; literary; literally D.have been absorbed; literal; literally
【答案】C
【解析】考查谓语动词的单复数、形容词作定语和副词词义辨析。句意:最近,不仅学生们,连教授们都在潜心研究最新的文学理论,他们几乎没日没夜地工作。not only…but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词就近,即 和the professor保持一致,所以第一空用单数第三人称形式,在A和C中选;第二空指“文学理论”,形容词作定语修饰名词,即literary theory,所以第二空在B和C中选;第三空是副词辨析,literately的意思是“有读写能力地”,literally的意思是“真正地,确实地,简直”,所以第三空在C和D中选。故选C。
5.________ in 1842, Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain, ________ more than 150 million pounds.
A.Completing; is worth B.Completed; worth
C.Having been completed; is worthy D.Completed; is worth
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:完成于1842年,海克利尔是英国最昂贵的房子之一,价格超过1.5亿美元。分析句子结构,is是谓语动词,空格1在句中作状语,主语Highclere和complete之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词形式,空格1填 completed;空格2在句中作状语,填形容词worth。故选B项。
考点二:副词的种类、基本用法与比较等级
6.—Now that you like the laptop so much, why not buy one?
—Well. I can’t afford ________ computer at present.
A.that expensive a B.such expensive a C.that an expensive D.a that expensive
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词。句意:—既然你那么喜欢笔记本电脑,为什么不买一个呢?—嗯,目前我负担不起那么贵的一台电脑。that作程度副词,意为“那么”,相当于so,修饰形容词或副词,结构为“that +形容词/副词+a/an+名词”。故选A。
7.The play is ________ worth ________.
A.very, seeing B.good, to see
C.well, seeing D.well, to see
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:这出戏非常值得一看。be worth doing表示“值得做……”,第一空修饰worth doing用副词,故C项正确。
1.In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by his readers with a series of coincidences — most of them improbable.
A.acquainting, credulously B.presenting, extremely
C.offering, steadily D.relating, wildly
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词和副词词义辨析。句意:在19世纪,小说家在结束他的故事时,会向读者呈现一系列的巧合——其中大多数是极不可能发生的。A. acquainting使熟悉, credulously轻信地;B. presenting呈现, extremely非常;C. offering提供, steadily稳步地;D. relating涉及, wildly野蛮地。根据句中“bring his story to a conclusion”和“with a series of coincidences”可推知,小说家会向读者呈现一系列的巧合来结束故事,用动词present,作介词宾语,用动名词;结合常识和“a series of coincidences”可推知,这些巧合是极不可能发生的,用副词extremely作状语。故选B项。
2.The food________ easily and sells________.
A.cooks; well B.is cooking; good C.is cooked; well D.cooked; good
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态和副词。句意:这种食物容易烹调,销路很好。第一空是谓语动词,因为and连接两个并列的动词,后面sells用第三人称单数,所以第一空也用第三人称单数;第二空修饰动词要用副词,作状语,故选A项。
3.The meeting is beginning at 8 o’clock. ________, let’s make some preparations for it.
A.When B.Meanwhile C.While D.During
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词。句意:会议8点开始。同时,让我们做一些准备。A. When当时; B. Meanwhile与此同时;C. While与...同时; D. During在..期间。本题横线前面是句号,说明本题后半部分不要使用连词。meanwhile与此同时;是一个副词,在句中做时间状语。故选B。
4.With the number of confirmed cases rising, ________ the risks of infection remain high.
A.urgently B.vitally C.objectively D.apparently
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着确诊病例的增加,感染的风险显然仍然很高。A. urgently紧急地;B. vitally重要地;C. objectively客观地;D. apparently明显地。根据句意可知,此处表示“感染的风险显然仍然很高”,故选D。
5.He thinks that this popular book written by the young writer deserves _______,but in my opinion, the book written by the famous writer is _____ worth reading.
A.to read; better B.reading; more C.to be read; more D.reading; better
【答案】D
【解析】考查主动表示被动和比较级。句意:他认为那名年轻作家写的这本畅销书值得一读,但在我看来,这位著名作家写的书更值得一读。deserve doing sth表示“值得一做”,此处主动形式表示被动意义。第二空表示“更值得一读”,强调好,应该用better,而more强调多,故选D项。
一、单项选择
1.—Do you think it _______ to argue with them?
—The question is not worth _______.
A.worthy; to be discussed B.worthwhile; discussing
C.worthwhile; to discuss D.worth; to be discussed
2.For most of the ________ history, China had the world most ________ civilization.
A.recorded; advancing B.recording; advancing
C.recording; advanced D.recorded; advanced
3.The reason why he _________ the new situations quickly is that he has a _________ attitude.
A.adapted to; changeable B.adapted for; alternate
C.adapted for; movable D.adapted to; flexible
4.________, Jane couldn’t ________her tears of regret.
A.Desperate; help B.Desperately; contain
C.Desperate; contain D.Desperately; hold
5.The players, ________ came from a big city, were practicing playing basketball on the playground.
A.the tall of whom B.the tallest of whom
C.the tallest one D.the tallest of them
6.When entering the office, ________.
A.we found Jimmy seating at a desk B.Jimmy was found sat at a desk
C.Jimmy was found sitting at a desk D.we found Jimmy seated at a desk
7.The five-year-old girl who sits in the front row, ready to learn _________meager scraps (微薄的碎片) of knowledge we can throw her way.
A.which B.that C.whatever D.where
8.For many older people, especially those __________health issues, poor eyesight makes_______ almost impossible on small screens, and their leathery fingers makes _________to use touch-screens.
A.suffering, reading, it hard B.suffering from, reading, it hard
C.suffering from, to read, hard D.suffering, to read, hard
9.Look! What a ________tower this is! The birds can’t fly that ________.
A.highly; high B.highly; highly C.high; high D.high; highly
10.Then they were asked to write their names on their ________ balloons carefully so that the balloons wouldn’t blow out.
A.respected B.respectable C.respectful D.respective
11.For those ____don’t smoke, it is ____ easier not to start smoking than it is to quit it.
A.which; much B.which; more
C.who; much D.who; more
12.Don’t worry. Tonight’s football match will be broadcast____and we can enjoy it together.
A.alive B.lively C.live D.living
13.While David sometimes has trouble getting along with his parents and even argues with them, his parents love him_______.
A.no less B.no more C.not so much D.not so little
14.The deeper you dive, ________ you can breathe.
A.the difficultly B.more difficultly
C.the more difficultly D.most difficultly
15._______ difficulty we meet with, we must finish it on time, because the opportunity is _______ valuable.
A.Whatever; that B.However; such
C.However; so D.Whatever; such
16.The buildings around are _____ of modern construction.
A.most B.many
C.mostly D.very
17._________, this kind of Chinese food sells _______.
A.To taste well; good B.Tasted good; well
C.Tasting good; well D.Taste good; good
18.--- This book by Tony Garrison is of great use for our course.
--- But I think his latest one is ______ worth reading.
A.better B.more C.most D.very
19.If water becomes ________scarce in decades _______water _______will become a hot issue all over the world.
A.increased, coming, short B.increasing, to come, short
C.increasedly, coming, shortage D.increasingly, to come, shortage
20.To help the blind, young Louis Braille created a system _________ six raised dots representing different letter; _____ the blind can easily recognize Brail with the fingers now.
A.made up of; but B.consisted of; thus
C.making up of; but D.consisting of; thus
二、
A
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Neuralink, 1 (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), a device that can read speech signals 2 (direct) from the brain and transform them into text. The project aims to help people with speech disorders.
The company’s president, DJ Seo, said the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted 3 (permit) for the study. According to him, the technology will be able to record 4 a person is trying to say or mentally imagine speech. “If you’re imagining saying something, we would be able to pick that up,” Seo said.
Neuralink is currently conducting five more clinical trials of implants (植入) that allow users 5 (control) electronic devices, including computers, using brain signals. The company is considering implanting the device in healthy people by 2030, which would be 6 step towards creating consumer technology.
Similar developments are already being tested by other scientific groups to restore speech in patients 7 possess ability to think but cannot physically pronounce words. While companies like Synchron focus on less invasive (侵入的) methods, Neuralink’s deeper brain implant approach offers 8 (detailed) brain data.
The start of the tests in October was postponed from the previous plan: implantation in the part of the brain for language 9 (suppose) to begin by the end of September. In addition to 10 (restore) speech, Neuralink is studying the possibilities of treating blindness and Parkinson’s disease.
B
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How can a timeless story come alive again? 1 (stage) at the Esplanade — Theatres on the Bay in Singapore, the Chinese classic, A Dream of Red Mansions, attracted an audience of about 7,000, marking the start of its first overseas tour.
The dance drama unfolds a centuries-old tale, rich with love and 2 (lose). As the curtain slowly rose, the audiences 3 (draw) into a world of traditional Chinese beauty. Inspired by classical ink paintings, the stage design combined folding screens, silk curtains, tables and soft lights 4 (create) a space rooted in Chinese aesthetics (美学) . Then the Jia family’s mansion appeared, 5 delicate columns and roofs reflecting the elegance of the. Qing Dynasty. At the center 6 (stand) Jia Baoyu, dressed in red, and the fates of the “12 beauties” began to emerge.
The director and choreographer (编舞者), Li Xing and Li Chao, artfully wove the number12 into the performance — 12 bunches of flowers, 12 high-back chairs, 12 colors, and 12 dance pieces, each symbolizing 7 unique aspect of the journey of “12 beauties”. Their lives, 8 revealed their emotional depth and complexity, came to life in dance through the eyes of Jia.
Audiences were impressed by the rich storytelling, graceful choreography, and 9 (strike) stage design, calling it a feast for the senses. “We hope this work of art helps more people engage with Chinese culture and promotes 10 (deep) understanding between traditions,” said Liao Yi, general manager of the Jiangsu Centre for the Performing Arts.
C
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane Goodall, the world-renowned primatologist (灵长类动物学家), 1 (honor) with numerous international awards throughout her extraordinary career over six decades. Her groundbreaking research in 2 forests of Tanzania fundamentally reshaped our understanding of animal intelligence and behavior. Not only did she make the astonishing discovery 3 chimpanzees use tools-a capability previously believed to be uniquely human — but she also thoroughly documented their complex social structures and emotional lives.
When first arriving in Gombe Stream National Park in 1960, the young researcher patiently earned the animals’ trust by studying their daily routines through quiet observation. Her most significant finding, 4 challenged established scientific beliefs, was that these remarkable creatures possessed distinct personalities. Despite facing considerable skepticism from the scientific community initially, she remained devoted 5 her research with firm determination, thus 6 (earn) worldwide recognition for her work.
The Jane Goodall Institute, which she founded in 1977, has been 7 (remarkable) successful in promoting global conservation efforts. Goodall’s lifelong work demonstrates that 8 (meaning) environmental protection requires genuine commitment from governments, organizations, and individuals worldwide. Her approach to research, 9 (base) on observation rather than independent experimentation, changed primatology (灵长类学). Her message of hope and perseverance continues to inspire young 10 (scientist) around the world today.
D
阅读下列文章,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the success of “Ne Zha 2”, another Chinese animated film “Nobody” has gone viral. Its box office earnings 1 (total)776 million yuan since its debut on August 2, smashing the record for Chinese-made 2D animated films. On Douban, 2 film review platform known for its stringent(严格的)ratings, the animation has scored an 3 (impress) 8.6, edging out “Ne Zha 2” by 0.1 points.
“Both films are excellent. The former has grand special effects, while the latter excels in storytelling,” a movie-goer 4 surname is Cao said.
5 (base)on the classic “Journey to the West”, the film doesn’t focus on the Monkey King. Instead, it spotlights monsters that appear in the novel. A group of four low-level yaoguais decide to journey west by dressing up 6 Monk Tang’s team. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as 7 (hero).
“The film puts contemporary themes onto minor yaoguais, 8 (ultimate)crafting a new story,” said producer Chen Liaoyu. Many viewers love 9 (it)sarcastic(讽刺的)take on work culture and focus on minor characters. “The cinema is filled with laughs of kids and adults’ tears,” one Douban comment reads. “As kids, we dreamed of being the Monkey King, only 10 (realize)we’re ordinary yaoguais as adults.”
Professor Liang said Chinese creators reinvent traditional stories while honoring original values.
参考答案
一、
1.B
【解析】考查形容词和短语结构。句意:——你认为和他们争论有意义吗?——这个问题不值得讨论。第一空中it作形式宾语,构成think it+形容词+to do sth.,其中worth/worthy作形容词时不能作宾语补足语,表示“值得的”用worthwhile;同时第二空中构成固定短语be worth doing,意为“值得做某事”,使用动名词作宾语,且使用主动形式表示被动意义,所以第二空中表示“不值得讨论”用is not worth discussing。故选B。
2.D
【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:在大部分有记载的历史中,中国都拥有世界上最先进的文明。结合句意可知,历史是被记载,所以history和record为动宾关系,就需要用过去分词recorded表被动;第二空分析题干可知需要填形容词修饰civilization,advancing意为“年事渐高”,advanced意为“先进的、高级的”,显然advanced更加符合句意。故选D项。
3.D
【解析】考查介词搭配和形容词词义辨析。句意:他快速适应新局面的原因是他拥有灵活的态度。A. adapted to适应;changeable可改变的,变化无常的;B. adapted for为……改编;alternate轮流的,供选择的;C. adapted for为……改编;movable可移动的;D. adapted to适应;flexible灵活的,柔韧的。根据语境可知,适应新局势和灵活的态度符合句意。故选D。
4.C
【解析】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意:感到绝望,简无法克制后悔的泪水。A. Desperate; help绝望的,帮助;B. Desperately; contain绝望地,克制;C. Desperate; contain绝望的,克制;D. Desperately; hold绝望地,容纳。分析句子结构,第一空说明主语Jane的状态,应用形容词desperate作伴随状语,第二空,结合语意,简无法克制泪水,应用动词contain,表示“克制”。故选C项。
5.B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:运动员们在操场上练习打篮球,他们当中长得最高的来自大城市。分析句子结构可知,该句是非限制性定语从句,先行词是players,是人,根据语意以及定冠词the后面接形容词最高级可知,此处为the tallest,表示“长得最高的人”,先行词从句中作介词of的宾语,用关系代词whom。故选B项。
6.D
【解析】考查状语从句省略和固定搭配。句意:当进入办公室时,我们发现吉米正坐在一张椅子上。分析句子结构可知,when后面用的entering,说明enter这个动作是主句主语主动发出的动作,所以主句主语应该是we,这是when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构,完整的句子是When we were entering the office, we found Jimmy seated at a desk.主句用的是find+宾语+宾补的结构,动词seat用形容词seated,表示Jimmy当时的状态。故选D。
7.C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:那个坐在第一排的5岁小女孩,准备好学习我们能教给她的任何一点点知识。分析句子结构可知,名词meager scraps of knowledge作动词learn的宾语,we can throw her way.为定语从句,修饰名词meager scraps of knowledge,所以句中不缺少成分。而名词meager scraps前可用形容词修饰。whatever用作形容词,在其后跟一个被修饰的名词。故选C。
8.B
【解析】考查非谓语动词,代词it,形容词和短语。句意:对于许多老年人,尤其是那些患有健康问题的老年人来说,视力差使得他们几乎不可能在小屏幕上阅读,而且他们粗糙的手指也使(他们)很难使用触摸屏。分析句子可知,“_____health issues”作定语,修饰those,suffer from“患……病”,suffer“遭受”,由health issue“健康问题”可知,用suffer from,与主语those是主动关系,用现在分词形式作定语;“make+宾语+宾补”是固定用法,作宾语用动名词reading,不定式一般置后;空③make后的宾语是不定式“to use touch-screens”,用形式宾语it,接形容词hard作宾语补足语,综上,故选B。
9.C
【解析】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意:看!多么高的一座塔!鸟都飞不到那么高。由第一空后面的名词tower(塔)可知,应用形容词来修饰名词tower,作定语,所以第一空填形容词high,表示“高的”。由第二空前面的动词fly可知,应用副词来修饰动词,作状语,high与highly都可以作副词,但是意思不同,high作副词时指具体的高,表示“高”,而highly作副词,指抽象的高,表示“很,非常;高度”,根据句意可知,此处表示“鸟都飞不到那么高”,应用副词high,故选C。
10.D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然后他们被要求在各自的气球上仔细地写上他们的名字以便于气球不会爆炸。A .respected 受尊敬的; B. respectable值得尊敬的;C. respectful 尊敬的; D. respective各自的。根据句意空格处表达:各自的,故选D。
11.C
【解析】考查定语从句和副词。句意:对于那些不吸烟的人来说,不开始吸烟比戒烟容易得多。____don’t smoke这是一个定语从句,those是先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,用who,排除A和B,第二个空用much修饰比较级,故选C。
12.C
【解析】考查形容词副词辨析。A. alive活着的;B. lively生动的,充满生气的;C. live形容词时意为“活着的,现场直播的”,也可作副词,意为“现场直播地”; D. living活着的。分析语境可知,此句是指“今晚将有足球比赛电视的现场直播,我们可以一起观看”。分析句子可知,本句中的动词broadcast要被副词修饰,意为“现场直播地”。分析选项可知,只有C符合题意,故选C。
【拓展】lively、alive、living和live的区别。
1)lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定语或表语;但它没有“活着的”意思,而其他三个都有。
如:Young children are usually lively.小孩子们通常是活泼的。
He told a very lively story.他讲了一个生动的故事。
Everything is lively here . 这儿一切都生机勃勃。
2)alive 意为“活着”,侧重说明生与死之间的界限。既可指人,也可指物;可用来作表语,后置定语或宾补。
He is the only man alive in the accident.他是事故中唯一活着的人。
He wanted to keep the dog alive . 他想让这条狗活着。
Those alive will gather here.活着的人将在此相聚。
3)living “活着”强调说明“尚在人间”,“健在”,作定语或表语。可用来指人或物,作定语或表语。
例如The hero is still living . 那位英雄仍健在。
English is a living language . 英语是活的语言。
living 前加上 the , 表示类别,指“活着的人们”。
The living will go on with the work of the dead.活着的人将继续死者的工作。
4)live 的意思有许多:
a)“活着的”,通常指物,不指人,常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。
例如:a live wire 有电的电线;a live fish 一条活鱼
b)实况的、现场直播的。如:a live report——现场报道;
a live show/broadcast——现场转播的表演/实况广播
c)live还可作副词,表示“现场直播地,现场地, 实况地”。
The football game was televised live.足球比赛由电视现场直播。
13.A
【解析】考查副词短语辨析。句意:虽然David有时很难与父母相处,甚至与他们发生争吵,但是他的父母仍然爱他。A. no less仍然、依旧;B. no more不再;C. not so much没那么多;D. not so little没那么少。根据句意可知,David的父母仍然爱他,故A项正确。
14.C
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意:众所周知,下潜得越深,呼吸就会越困难。the+比较级...,the+比较级...,为固定搭配,意为“越......,就越......”,前一分句表示条件,后一分句表示结果,句中breathe为动词,应该使用副词difficultly修饰,其比较级是more difficultly。故选C。
15.A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:无论遇到什么困难,我们都必须按时完成,因为机会是那么珍贵。前半句是让步状语从句, difficulty 为名词故用Whatever,因为 However 后跟形容词或副词。第二个空填that ,that为副词,那么,用法相当于so。valuable 为形容词不能用 such修饰,故选A。
16.C
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:周围的建筑大多是现代建筑。分析句子可知,本句中的mostly ,为副词,用来修饰动词时,意为“大部分,多半,基本上”,而most意为“最,非常,几乎”,many为形容词,修饰名词;very为副词,意为“很,非常; 恰好是,正是”。分析句意可知C项符合题意。
17.C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词副词辨析。句意:尝起来味道不错,这种中国食物销路很好。taste在本句中作系动词,意为“尝起来”,后面要用形容词作表语,故用good,逻辑主语food与taste是主动关系,故用动词的ing形式作状语,修饰动词sells用副词well作状语。故选C项。
18.A
【解析】考查固定结构。be worth doing sth.值得做某事;be well worth doing sth..非常值得做某事。句意:我认为最近的这本更值得一读。根据句意可知用比较级。故选A。
19.D
【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意:如果水在未来几十年变得越来越稀缺,水资源短缺将成为全世界的一个热点问题。第一空修饰形容词scarce,应用副词increasingly;第二空作decades的定语,由句意可知,此处表示“在未来几十年”,应用不定式,表将来;第三空是固定搭配water shortage“水资源短缺”。故选D。
20.D
【分析】
【解析】考查动词词组和连接副词。句意:为了帮助盲人,年轻的路易斯·布莱叶创造了一个由六个代表不同字母的凸起点组成的系统;因此盲人现在可以很容易地用手指认出布里尔。be made up of由……组成;consist of由……组成,不使用被动形式。but但是;thus因此。根据句意和句子结构可知,第一空不作谓语作定语,应使用consist的ing形式或者直接使用made,故B、D项错误;第二空表示因果关系,应使用thus。故选D。
二、
A
1.founded 2.directly 3.permission 4.what 5.to control 6.a 7.who/that 8.more detailed 9.was supposed 10.restoring
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了 Neuralink 公司研发的脑机接口(BCI)设备的相关情况,包括其计划开展的临床试验、目标用途、与其他科研团队类似研究的对比,以及研发计划的调整等内容。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:Neuralink由埃隆·马斯克创立,计划于2025年10月在美国开始对脑机接口(BCI)进行临床试验,这是一种可以直接从大脑读取语音信号并将其转化为文本的设备。Neuralink与found之间是被动关系,即“被创立”,所以用过去分词founded作后置定语,修饰Neuralink。故填founded。
2.考查副词。句意:Neuralink由埃隆·马斯克创立,计划于2025年10月在美国开始对脑机接口(BCI)进行临床试验,这是一种可以直接从大脑读取语音信号并将其转化为文本的设备。此处修饰动词read,要用副词形式,direct的副词是directly,意为“直接地”。故填directly。
3.考查名词。句意:该公司总裁DJ Seo表示,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)已批准这项研究。grant是及物动词,后接名词作宾语,permit的名词形式是permission,意为“许可,批准”,为不可数名词。故填permission。
4.考查宾语从句。句意:据他介绍,这项技术将能够记录一个人试图说的话或在脑海中想象说出的话。空格处引导宾语从句,作record的宾语,从句中缺少say的宾语,表示“……的话”,所以用what引导。故填what。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:Neuralink目前正在进行另外五项植入物的临床试验,这些植入物允许用户使用大脑信号控制包括电脑在内的电子设备。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事”,所以此处用动词不定式to control。故填to control。
6.考查冠词。句意:该公司正在考虑到2030年将该设备植入健康人体内,这将是朝着创造消费技术迈出的一步。step是可数名词单数,此处表示泛指“一步”,且step是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.考查定语从句。句意:其他科研团队已经在测试类似的进展,以恢复那些有思考能力但无法实际说出话的患者的语言能力。空格处引导定语从句,先行词是patients,指人,在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
8.考查形容词比较级。句意:虽然像Synchron这样的公司专注于侵入性较小的方法,但Neuralink的深度脑植入方法能提供更详细的大脑数据。根据语境,此处是将Neuralink的方法与其他公司的方法进行对比,所以用比较级,detailed的比较级是more detailed,意为“更详细的”。故填more detailed。
9.考查时态和语态。句意:10月份开始的测试比之前的计划推迟了:原计划在9月底开始在大脑语言区域进行植入。be supposed to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“应该做某事”,且事情发生在过去,主语implantation是单数,所以用一般过去时的被动语态was supposed。故填was supposed。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了恢复语言能力,Neuralink还在研究治疗失明和帕金森病的可能性。in addition to是固定短语,意为“除……之外”,其中to是介词,后接动名词形式作宾语,所以用restoring。故填restoring。
B
1.Staged 2.loss 3.were drawn 4.to create 5.with 6.stood 7.a 8.which 9.striking 10.deeper
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国经典舞剧《红楼梦》在新加坡首演开启海外巡演,讲述其舞台设计、表演特色及观众反响。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国经典舞剧《红楼梦》在新加坡滨海艺术中心上演,吸引了约7000名观众,标志着其首次海外巡演的开启。此处为非谓语动词,the Chinese classic(指代《红楼梦》舞剧)与stage为被动关系(“舞剧被上演”),用过去分词staged作状语,句首首字母大写。故填Staged。
2.考查名词。句意:这部舞剧展现了一个流传数百年的故事,充满了爱与失落。此处与love并列,作介词with的宾语,用lose的名词形式loss,意为“失落”,为不可数名词。故填loss。
3.考查动词语态和时态。句意:幕布缓缓升起,观众们被带入一个充满中国传统之美的世界。此处为谓语动词,描述过去(演出时)发生的动作,用一般过去时;且the audiences与draw为被动关系(“观众被带入”),用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,所以谓语动词为were drawn。故填were drawn。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:舞台设计灵感源自中国古典水墨画,融合了屏风、丝绸幕布、桌子和柔和灯光,打造出一个植根于中国美学的空间。此处为非谓语动词作状语,结合句意,“融合元素”的目的是“打造美学空间”,用动词不定式to create作目的状语。故填to create。
5.考查介词。句意:贾府宅邸随之出现,精致的梁柱与屋顶彰显着清代的雅致。此处表示“具有精致的梁柱与屋顶”,用介词with,后接名词短语作伴随状语,补充说明宅邸特征。故填with。
6.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:身着红衣的贾宝玉站在中央,“十二钗”的命运开始展开。此处为谓语动词,描述过去(演出时)的场景,用一般过去时;主语Jia Baoyu为单数,所以谓语动词为stood。故填stood。
7.考查冠词。句意:编导李星、李超巧妙地将“12”融入表演——12束花、12把高背椅、12种颜色、12段舞蹈,每一项都象征着“十二钗”人生旅程的一个独特方面。此处泛指“一个独特方面”,unique aspect为可数名词单数,且unique是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a。故填a。
8.考查定语从句。句意:她们的人生——展现出深厚而复杂的情感——通过宝玉的视角,在舞蹈中被赋予了生命力。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为Their lives,指物,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which。故填which。
9.考查形容词。句意:观众们对其丰富的叙事、优美的编舞和引人注目的舞台设计印象深刻,称其为一场感官盛宴。此处修饰名词stage design,用strike的形容词形式striking,意为“引人注目的”。故填striking。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意:江苏省演艺集团总经理廖毅表示:“我们希望这部作品能帮助更多人接触中国文化,促进不同传统之间更深层次的理解。”此处暗含“比以往更深入的理解”,用deep的比较级deeper,表“更深层次的”。故填deeper。
C
1.has been honored 2.the 3.that 4.which 5.to 6.earning 7.remarkably 8.meaningful 9.based 10.scientists
【解析】这是一篇人物传记。简・古道尔六十余年职业生涯获多项国际奖,在坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩有重大发现,创立研究所推动环保,其理念激励全球年轻科学家。
1.考查时态和语态。句意:世界著名灵长类动物学家简・古道尔,在其六十余年非凡的职业生涯中,荣获了无数国际奖项。此空考查谓语动词,Jane Goodall与honor之间为被动关系,且“throughout her extraordinary career over six decades”表从过去持续到现在的经历,应用现在完成时的被动语态;主语Jane Goodall为单数。故填has been honored。
2.考查冠词。句意:她在坦桑尼亚的森林中开展的开创性研究,从根本上重塑了我们对动物智力和行为的理解。此处“forests of Tanzania”特指简・古道尔开展研究的那片森林,表特指需用定冠词the。故填the。
3.考查同位语从句。句意:她不仅惊人地发现黑猩猩会使用工具——这一能力此前被认为是人类独有的——还详细记录了它们复杂的社会结构和情感生活。所填空引导同位语从句,解释说明discovery的具体内容,从句成分完整且语义明确,应用that引导。故填that。
4.考查定语从句。句意:她最重大的发现——这一发现挑战了已有的科学观点——是这些非凡的生物拥有独特的个性。所填空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Her most significant finding,指物,且在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
5.考查介词。句意:尽管最初面临科学界的极大质疑,但她仍以坚定的决心投身于研究,其工作也因此获得了全球认可。这里考查be devoted to,为固定搭配,意为“致力于;投身于”。故填to。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管最初面临科学界的极大质疑,但她仍以坚定的决心投身于研究,其工作也因此获得了全球认可。此空考查非谓语,she与earn之间为主动关系,再由语境可知,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填earning。
7.考查副词。句意:她于1977年创立的简・古道尔研究所,在推动全球环保事业方面取得了显著成功。所填空修饰形容词successful,需用形容词remarkable的副词形式remarkably,表“显著地”。故填remarkably。
8.考查形容词。句意:古道尔毕生的工作表明,有意义的环境保护需要世界各国政府、组织和个人的真诚投入。所填空修饰名词“environmental protection”,需用名词meaning的形容词形式meaningful,表“有意义的”,符合语境。故填meaningful。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:她的研究方法以观察而非独立实验为基础,改变了灵长类学。此空考查非谓语,Her approach to research与base之间为被动关系,再由语境可知,应用过去分词based作后置定语。故填based。
10.考查名词复数。句意:如今,她所传递的希望与坚持的信念,仍在激励着全球的年轻科学家。scientist,表“科学家”,是可数名词,结合“around the world”可知,这里表示很多科学家,应用复数形式scientists。故填scientists。
D
1.have totaled/have totalled 2.a 3.impressive 4.whose 5.Based 6.as 7.heroes 8.ultimately 9.its 10.to realize
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国产动画电影《浪浪山小妖怪》,介绍了其热度、剧情、观众的反馈以及影评人的评价等内容。
1.考查动词时态。句意:该片自8月2日首映以来,票房总收入已达7.76亿元,打破了国产2D动画电影的票房纪录。空处动词作谓语;由时间状语since its debut on August 2可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态:have/has done,主语是复数,所以此处助动词需用have。故填have totaled或have totalled。
2.考查冠词。句意:在以评分严格著称的影评平台豆瓣上,这部动画获得了8.6的高分,以0.1分险胜《哪吒2》。修饰名词单数“film review platform”,表示泛指,用不定冠词,作Douban的同位语。故填a。
3.考查形容词。句意:在以评分严格著称的影评平台豆瓣上,这部动画获得了令人印象深刻的8.6的高分,以0.1分险胜《哪吒2》。空处用形容词修饰“8.6”,意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。
4.考查定语从句。句意:“这两部电影都很出色。前者胜在宏大的特效,后者则在叙事上更具优势。”一位曹姓观众如此评价。空处为定语从句的关系词;先行词“a movie-goer”和“surname”之间为所有关系,用关系代词“whose”引导。故填whose。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:《浪浪山小妖怪》改编自经典名著《西游记》,但并未将焦点放在孙悟空身上。空处为非谓语动词担当状语;主语“the film”和动词“base”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Based。
6.考查介词。句意:影片讲述了四名底层小妖,通过伪装成唐僧师徒的模样踏上西行之路的故事。空处为介词形式,意为“作为……”,用介词“as”。故填as。
7.考查名词的数。句意:在这段旅程中,他们从邪恶妖怪手中救下村民,最终被人们铭记为英雄。空处为名词形式担当宾语;根据句意可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填heroes。
8.考查副词。句意:“这部电影将当代主题融入小妖的故事中,最终打造出一个全新的故事。”制片人陈廖宇表示。空处为担当本句时间状语用副词形式,意为“最终”。故填ultimately。
9.考查代词。句意:许多观众喜爱影片对职场文化的讽刺视角,以及对小人物的关注。修饰名词用形容性物主代词,意为“它的”。故填its。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:小时候,我们梦想成为孙悟空,长大后才明白自己只是平凡的小妖。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语,表示“出乎意料的结果”,用动词不定式形式。故填to realize。
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