第05讲 词汇填空之考点透视（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年春季高考英语

专题05 词汇填空之考点透视 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：依据词性及句子语法结构进行判断（重点） 3 考点二：依据词义词性并结合语境进行判断（难点） 11 考点三：依据构词法知识进行判断（重点） 16 实战精练与提升 20 考情解读 一、考试要求 词汇填空题语篇约350词。文章首句不设空；一般每隔15-30个词会有一个空；空与空之间有完整意群；方框中词汇难度中高级，以实词为主，即名词、动词、形容词、副词；语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力；逻辑方面考察上下文联系。特别提示：近几年高考词汇题常出现构词法知识、一词多性、一词多义及熟词生义现象。 二、命题分析 题型与分值 俗称 “小猫钓鱼”，10 空 10 分。给定 11 个选项（含 1 个干扰项），选 10 个填入语篇。 语篇特征 长度约 350 词，首句为主题句且不设空，空格分布均匀。 核心考查 1. 词汇：以名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词为主，侧重熟词生义、一词多性及构词法。 2. 能力：句子结构分析、上下文逻辑推理及语篇理解能力。 命题特点 立足语篇语境，将词汇辨析与逻辑推理深度结合，不考近义词辨析。 知识梳理 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词、现在分词和进行时态 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 考点精讲 · 考点一：依据词性及句子语法结构进行判断 解题策略 1、确认空处可填词性， 2、同性词筛选， 3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。 上海高考英语词汇填空的词性判断本质是语法规则、语义逻辑与文化语境的综合运用。通过系统掌握几大词性的判断规律，结合真题语境进行精细化训练，考生可显著提升解题效率与准确性。备考过程中，建议采用 “成分分析→信号词定位→搭配验证” 的三维解题模型，同时强化科技、环保等高频主题的术语积累，最终实现从 “词性记忆” 到 “语用能力” 的进阶。 · 解题思路一：名词的确定 动词的确定：名词在句子中做主语；形容词或名词都可以修饰名词；名词做动词宾语或介词宾语。 限定词 (the, this, that, a, my, their之类) 后必有名词。 示例1（2025·上海徐汇·二模） A．piloted         B．precisely    C． barriers     D．fault    E. misjudge F. life-threatening   G. transition   H. priorities    I. tempted  J. posed   K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Timothy B．Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that 6 no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the 7 of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce 8 crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory 9 that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the 10 . The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. 示例2（2025年闵行一模） A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction …… The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that （11）________ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is （12）________to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking（13）________that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a（n） （14）________growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. · 解题思路二：动词的确定 动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。 示例1（2025·上海普陀·二模） advocating    B．alongside    C． committed   D．convincing      E. handle   F. logic   G. motivate   H. organizational   I. primitively    J. sustain   K. visual The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about 1 people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal, 2 a cause or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion plays a crucial role. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as 3 to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas, it’ll also help you 4 them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to 5 conflicts and reach agreements. ………. 示例2（2025年浦东新区一模） A. accompany B. alternative C. diverse D. doubt E. predictable F. reflecting G. reframe H. reportedly I. seeking J. socially K. undesirable Voice changes as you age What is noteworthy is that (16)_________ voice changes will cause other health concerns. If older adults are feeling like their voice is changing, and it’s impacting their ability to engage in personal and professional growth, or interpersonal communication, they can start to withdraw (17)_________ and become depressed. Researchers are increasingly trying to (18)_________ many “disorders” of the aging voice as a natural part of aging. Thus, it’s crucial for older adults to recognize that these changes are inevitable, (19)_________ the passage of time. Besides medical interventions, psychological support also plays a vital role in helping older adults handle voice changes. Since age-related voice changes are inevitable, there’s no shame in (20)_________ help. Our voice is very personal at any age. · 解题思路三：形容词的确定 形容词的确定：形容词作定语修饰名词。单个形容词作前置定语；形容词短语作后置定语。 示例（2025·上海静安·二模） A．commutes       B．incidental      C． boundary      D．cloud    E. contemporary      F. straight    G. fueled        H. facilitate     I. capitalize      J. presence        K. exploit Imagine walking into a bright office tower ten years aga: the hum of desktop computers and the sight of employees chained to their desks for eight 1 hours. The day begins at 9 and ends at 5, and productivity is measured by 2 , not output. Remote work, the practice of carrying out professional responsibilities outside the traditional office, has emerged as a game-changer in modern work culture. Greatly 5 by technological advancements, particularly the multiplication of cooperative tools, remote work has transferred from being a mere trend to becoming a vital component of the 6 work style. The advantages of remote work extend to benefit employees as well. The employee experience is not merely ____8____. It is fundamental to how organizations shape the productivity and well-being of their teams. Today’s employees prefer the independence and flexibility that remote work affords, allowing for improved work-life balance and the removal of time-consuming ____9_____. · 解题思路四：副词的确定 副词的确定：句子完整，副词可修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子、介词短语、不定式、过去分词等； 示例（2025·上海黄浦·二模） A．enthusiasts   B．free-spirited   C． fresh   D．incredibly   E. invisible   F. memory G. mutually   H. on-location   I. ordinary   J. popularized   K. transformed Urban Sketching Retreats (城市写生静修) are Taking Off “As an art instructor, it’s wonderful to see how each participant brings a(n) 9 perspective to what’s in front of them,” says Alicia Aradilla, who now leads urban sketching retreats. “Every sketchbook ends up being different; I find that 10 appealing about sketching trips.” · 解题思路五：非谓语动词的确定 非谓语动词的确定：动名词作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语、表语、定语。分词作表语、宾补、定语、状语。 有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。例： 示例1（2025·上海金山·二模） A．changes    B．current     C． delays            D．enclosed    E. identifiable     F. include        G. matching     H. movements        I. occurred    J. overriding        K. works We need a fourth white traffic light to ease traffic jams This tells human drivers that AVs are now directing vehicle 3 via wireless communication. Human drivers must simply follow the car ahead— 4 its stops or movements. 示例2（2025·上海宝山·二模） A．community   B．reveal   C． originally    D．marketing   E. eventually   F. electronic   G. added        H. strike    I. dressing     J. statistic      K. material Beauty and fashion have always been its most popular topics, but new categories keep getting 3 . Now companies everywhere are paying attention to this vast 4 of consumers. Xiaohongshu combines lifestyle tips with business. “KeyOpinion Consumers” demonstrate products and strike a note of friendship. As users make comments, connections grow among like-minded people. Brands build _____5____ strategies around the latest trends. For example, millions of Xiaohongshu users have posted about “dopamine 6 .” Search “dopamine” in the app, and you’ll find endless products, including furniture and dog clothing! Brands hope that you, and a few million others, will buy their products. · 考点二：依据词义词性并结合语境进行判断 解题策略 · 通读全文：在开始选词填空前，先快速浏览一遍文章内容，了解文章大致的主题、体裁以及整体语境，这样有助于从宏观上把握文章的语义走向，为后续选择合适单词提供背景依据。 · 分析词性与语法：仔细观察空格所在句子的结构，判断空格处需要填入单词的词性，比如是名词、动词、形容词还是副词等，同时考虑句子的语法规则，像主谓一致、时态等要求，对可选单词进行初步筛选。 · 结合语境辨析词义：根据上下文的语义逻辑，判断单词在该语境下应表达的准确意思，尤其注意熟词僻义、一词多义等情况，同时排查是否涉及固定搭配，通过对语境的深入理解来缩小选词范围，确定最合适的单词填入空格。 · 复查核对：将所选单词填入空格后，再次通读全文，检查文章整体的语法是否正确、语义是否连贯流畅，确保所选单词都能准确契合语境，没有出现搭配不当、逻辑不通等问题。 · 解题思路一：根据上下文逻辑关系判断 常见的逻辑关系有：并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系、.列举 (顺序) 关系等，根据前后句及上下文的逻辑关系，结合语义来判断所选词汇。 例1. A. fast B. stuntmen C. training D. catching E. fall F. seriously G. really H. profession I. fight J. living K. perform But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and __1__. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment. Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get ___2___ injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. 例2. A. economy B. dated C. relationship D. event E. achievement F. applied G. global H. regularly I. financial J. promote K. located Exhibitions are not a recent invention. They dated back to the times when large-scale markets were regularly held in cities which attracted visitors and brought prosperity because they were ___3___ at major trade route intersections. · 解题思路二：熟词生义/熟词僻义 序号 单词 常见义 僻义 出处 1 capitalize 资本化 利用 静安二模 2 cloudy 多云的 不清晰的 静安二模 3 fuel 燃料 刺激；激励 长宁二模 4 incidental 偶然的 次要的 长宁二模 5 stage 舞台 举办、筹划（活动等） 黄浦二模 6 might 可能（modal verb） 力量、威力（n.） 黄浦二模 7 mushroom 蘑菇 像雨后春笋般涌现 虹口二模 8 involve 涉及 需要 浦东二模 9 terminal 终点 晚期的 嘉定二模 10 unlock 解锁 开启、获得（新的能力、机会等） 徐汇二模 11 license 执照 发许可证、给予执照 宝山二模 12 cover 覆盖 涵盖、包括 闵行二模 13 wide 宽的 很大程度上，大大地， 崇明二模 14 chain 链条 连锁商店 奉贤二模 15 guarantee 保证（n.） 确保（v.） 金山二模 16 account 账户 占（比例） 杨浦二模 17 exploit 剥削 利用 静安二模 18 diet 饮食；节食 特定种类的事物 青浦二模 19 discount 打折 不重视 青浦二模 20 object 物体；目标 接受者 浦东二模 示例1（2025·上海奉贤·二模） A．visually B．interacts C． essential D．minute E. composition F. perspective G. accuracy H. dominates I. expansive J. survives K. occasionally Masterpiece: One Thousand Liof Rivers and Mountains This painting 8 with the viewer in a way rarely found in Western paintings. Due to its vast scale but 9 details, it requires multiple viewings at different distances. The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact. · 解题思路三：一词多义/一词多性 （2025·上海闵行·二模） A．switch    B．cost    C． deadliest    D．flooding    E. items    F. shipping G. translates    H. packed    I. sticks    J. lightweight    K. recycle     Amazon worked with suppliers to find a 5 , 100% recycled paper that’s easier to wrap around an object to protect it. The paper also takes up less space, so now more 6 fit in a smaller box. That 7 to using less gas or electricity, in the case of the company’s electric vans to make a delivery. It’s a welcome change following years of pressure from environmental groups to stop plastic pollution 8 into oceans. “The fact that the world’s largest e-commerce company has made plastic air pillows a thing of history globally is fantastic news for the world’s oceans,” the nonprofit Oceana said in a statement in response to Amazon’s announcement. Plastic is cheap, but the new system saves the company money since there’s less risk that something will break during 9 and need replacement, Lindner says. “And so the fact that we can deliver packages more safely and with less damage is a 10 saving to us.” · 解题思路四：固定搭配 1).He believes design must take into the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. （account）（2016上海高考） 2). Since you really____ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? (commit) (2014上海高考) 3).The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ____foods as healthy or unhealthy. (classify) （2014上海高考） （2025·上海普陀·二模） advocating    B．alongside    C． committed   D．convincing      E. handle   F. logic   G. motivate   H. organizational   I. primitively    J. sustain   K. visual The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about 1 people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal, 2 a cause or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion plays a crucial role. · 考点三：依据构词法知识进行判断 解题策略 难点：要求学生熟悉各类构词法规则，能够准确识别单词的构成部分以及理解其新的词义和用法，对单词的拆解和理解能力有一定要求，否则很难判断其在句子中是否合适。 考查目的：考查学生词汇积累的广度以及对构词知识的掌握情况，看是否能利用构词法知识去推测生词的意思，拓展词汇量，进而正确选用合适的单词完成填空。 · 解题思路：根据构词法知识（派生/转化/合成/缀合） A. administered B. assess C. evaluating D. externally E. improperly F. life-threatening G. measures H. original I. preexisting J. principles K. vital Next, __（assess）____ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and __ preexisting___ conditions such as heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. 附：常用构词法知识： （1）、名词后缀 1）-ster，-eer，-er（or）意为：从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人。 例词：gamester，gangster，engineer，profiteer，mountaineer，driver，teacher，director，actor，professor 2）-let意为：小或者不重要的东西。例词：booklet，leaflet，starlet 3）-ism意为：道义，主义，学说等。例词：idealism， impressionism，racism 4）-ess意为：女性。例词：actress，poetess，hostess 5）-hood意为：时期。例词：boyhood，childhood，manhood 6）-ship意为：才能，状态，资格，品质等。例词：leadership，friendship，membership，sportsmanship 7）-ful意为：量。例词：cupful，handful， mouthful，spoonful 8）-tion，-ion意为：①状态，行动等。例词：action，oppression，possession，education，starvation ②机构等。例词： organization，foundation 9）-ment意为：状态，行动等。例词：movement，enslavement，pavement 10）-al意为：动作。例词：arrival，refusal，revival，recital，removal 11）-age意为：程度，数量等。例词：coverage，shrinkage，breakage，hostage 12）-ness；-ity（ty）意为：状态，品质。例词：happiness，usefulness，selfishness，activity，sanity，changeability （2）、动词后缀 1）-ify意为：转为，变为。例词：beautify, simplify, classify 2）-ize；-en意为：使……，变得……。例词：modernize，popularize，symbolize，ripen，widen，threaten 3）-ate意为：增加，使……。例词：originate，initiate （3）、形容词后缀 1）-ful意为：充满，有。例词：useful，pitiful， hopeful，helpful，forgetful，thankful， fearful 2）-less意为：没有，无。例词：speechless，childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless 3）-ly意为：有……品质的。例词：beastly，manly， brotherly，friendly 4）-like意为：像……的。例词： childlike，tigerlike 5）-y；-ish意为：像……一般的。例词：sandy， silky，hairy，leafy，watery，foolish，girlish，blackish 6）-some意为：像……一样的；引起……的；有……品质的。例词：troublesome，tiresome，bothersome 7）-able（ible）意为：能……的；可以……的。例词： changeable，readable，drinkable，comfortable，expansible 8）-ed意为：有……的。例词：wooded，pointed，odd-shaped 9）-al意为：有……属性的，……类型的。例词：cultural，personal，regional，musical 10）-ary（ory）意为：属于……的，与……相连的。例词：revolutionary，imaginary 11）-ous意为：富含……的；有……品质的；像……的。例词：glorious，gracious 12）-ic（ical）意为：……类的；属于……的。例词： historic，historical，dramatic，heroic 13）-ive意为：有……属性的；有某种倾向的。例词： talkative，restrictive，defensive，constructive，sensitive （4）、副词后缀 1）-ly意为：以……方式。例词：happily，attentively，strangely 2）-ward（s）意为：表示方式或动作的方向。例词：backward（s），homeward（s），eastward（s） 3）-wise意为：①按照……方式。例词：crabwise，clockwise ②就……而言。例词：weatherwise ，educationwise 例1 （2016上海高考） A. account B. C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. K. squeeze More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. 例2（2025·上海崇明·二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivate      B．dependence       C． generating         D．insufficient      E. learnable F. predictor      G. quitting          H. restriction          I. underlying        J. widespread K. wind The Importance of Willpower A steady, disciplined use of willpower might seem like a(n) 3 of personal freedom, but it is not. If 4 willpower leaves you a slave to bad habits and addictions, then you’re not really free. If you can’t gather the willpower to overcome procrastination and earn a better life for yourself, then you’re not really free. To 5 true freedom, you’ll need willpower. Importantly, research has shown that self-control is 6 . When researchers teach people with poor self-control the strategies used by those with high self-control, the poor self-control subjects improve. Willpower is not fixed; it can be developed through strategy and practice. 实战训练 一、名校试题 Passage 01 【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期九月月考英语检测 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．misreading   B．manuals   C．bar   D．possibly   E.bread-and-butter   F.plausibly G.remains   H. significantly   I.emerging   J.streams   K.complex Are AI Tools Killing Translator Jobs? More than a third of translators have lost work due to generative AI, a recent survey has found. More than four in ten translators said that their income has decreased because of the 1 technology. More than three quarters believe that it will negatively affect their future income. The survey was run by the Society of Authors (SoA), the U.K.’s largest trade union (工会) for writers, illustrators, and translators. It found that 37 percent of translators had used generative AI to support their work. Eight percent were asked to use it by their publisher or commissioning organization. Thomas Bunstead, whose translations from Spanish include The Book of All Loves by Agustín Fernández Mallo, said that it is important to distinguish between literary translators and commercial translators. “Though a third of translators think that they’ve lost work to AI already, literary translation 2 in the hands of humans,” he said. “The work that has been handed over to AI will be the kind of 3 stuff which doesn’t require so much nuance (细微差别), such as instruction 4 .” Nichola Smalley, whose translations from Swedish and Norwegian include A System So Magnificent It Is Blinding by Amanda Svensson, agrees with this. “But perhaps the people translating crime and romance novels who are currently getting less work due to AI will all start getting into the 5 stuff,” she said. “We’ll all be fighting for space in that job. I hope not.” Ian Giles, co-chair of the Translators Association, said that his income from commercial translation work has 6 fallen since the beginning of last year. The loss of non-literary 7 of income for literary translators will mean “the raising of the 8 to entry into the industry, with only those with wealth will be able to translate literature for publication”. He also said that cost-cutting is not restricted to non-literary translation. A publisher specializing in e-books and audio books, for which Giles previously translated, has switched to a process known as post-editing, where an AI translator has a first go at translating a text before a human editor checks it and makes changes. Nuanxed is a company that facilitates translation via post-editing. It said that while human translators are “essential in maintaining high quality literature in translation,” their “methodologies will need to evolve alongside technological advancements.” However, Smalley is concerned that post-editing can create “a lot more work” for translators. They must carefully compare texts to catch 9 and “poor or unidiomatic (不地道的)” style. “Colleagues who have done post-editing work say that it requires a far higher degree of attention because the AI-generated text often reads so 10 ,” she said. “I’m certain that the act of creative and literary translation will live on in one shape or another,” said Giles. “For many,there’s a deep-seated desire to translate and I also believe that there’s an audience that desires human-translated content.” Passage 02 【来源】上海市黄浦区大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．wrestle    B．precision    C． lengthy    D．communicate    E. opposite    F. core   G. chaotic    H. otherwise    I. shoulder    J. obligation    K. disagree     Using English as the Language of Science English is the international language of science, but most of the world’s scientists speak it as a second language. We 11 an extra career challenge: Not only must we gain command of our science, but we must also be able to write to professional standards in a foreign language to 12 that science. To me, English is suitable as an international language in a number of ways. On the surface, it’s easy enough to convey basic meanings when conducting trade, business and tourism, as well as on news sites and social media. In most contexts, it doesn’t matter if you misuse “the” or “ing”, or get the word order wrong. Plurals are generally straightforward; and, although the spelling is 13 once you get a feel for the typical pattern, it’s not too hard. But when meanings are complex and technical, 14 is a must. Then, English becomes a difficult beast to 15 with. The Australian poet Clive James once called English “big and baggy”. I can’t 16 . The vocabulary is gigantic (巨大的). Furthermore, the grammar is extraordinarily flexible, leaving us with an often-confusing collection of nuanced (有细微差别的) choices. Therein lies the problem: the expanse of the language makes it easy to produce 17 writings of questionable quality. Worse still, we outsiders to English are likely to have been taught to use elaborate wording and long sentences to show our authority on a topic. Ironically (讽刺地), English is the 18 : The language is at its most elegant when plain and simple. But simplicity is hard English! Another shock to my Hebrew (希伯来语) hard-wiring was the importance English speakers place on front-ending their message. In many languages, you might expect readers to feel a(n) 19 to stay with the text throughout. In English, however, I’ve developed a healthy fear that my readers will skim-read unless I state the essence at the opening of a section or paragraph, then walk backwards while explaining it. My language mentor (导师) says that working with me makes him reflect on English in ways he wouldn’t 20 — I teach him, he says. Full disclosure: he nipped and tucked (改造) this piece and made a few helpful suggestions. Passage 03 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．AI-based       B．engaging       C． foolproof       D．futuristic     E. implemented    F. loyalty         G. options         H. orderly    I. preferred        J. push           K. securely Imagine checking in for a flight by simply walking onto the plane. Or buying groceries with a nod of your head, or withdrawing funds from an ATM with a single glance. Thanks to biometric technology — which uses voice, face, fingerprint, or other physical or behavioral characteristic recognition to 21 verify an individual’s identity — those scenarios are not far from becoming reality. Rapid user identification and more intuitive (简便的) shopping 22 are just a couple of the emerging capabilities of biometrics, which is ready to blossom into a $59.31 billion global industry by 2025, according to Grand View Research. Whether it’s providing better ways to fight fraud or delivering smarter customer service, the biometrics industry is expanding the 23 applications of the technology and transforming human interactions across business and government. Tools that enable voice recognition, iris recognition, and other methods of identification offer faster and more 24 ways to access electronic devices or physical locations by creating unique identifiers such as “voiceprints” and “eyeprints” that can’t be faked. They also allow users to maintain consistent digital identities wherever they go. Millions of smartphone and tablet users already rely on fingerprint scanners and facial recognition systems to unlock or manipulate their devices, but more sophisticated solutions are being 25 or are in development across a variety of industries. “The future of business lies in highly intelligent and automated transactions and smart, faultless customer interactions,” says Brett Beranek, general manager of security and biometrics at Nuance Communications. “Among today’s fastest-growing trends, the 26 toward more natural and personalized exchanges is quickly making biometrics a go-to technology for firms all around the world, including Fortune 500 leaders.” Nuance has been developing its 27 biometrics technologies over the past two decades. Its tools go beyond identifying simple characteristics, such as the sound of an individual’s voice, to learning speaking, typing, and behavioral patterns and memorizing 28 vocabulary. Such capabilities allow the technologies to recognize when someone is trying to impersonate a customer on the phone or during digital transactions, stopping fraud in its tracks. Nuance’s technology is not only capable of identifying who is 29 with it, but also what the user is likely looking for, enabling personalized interactions from the moments they begin. This frictionless experience can be a competitive advantage — driving 30 and improving customer satisfaction. 二、真题演练 （2023上海春考） digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting Communication-a Thing of the Past? We all think we communicate all the time, and that's true. There's also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix--everything we're saying when we're not saying anything. But there’s a (n) (31 ) _______between saying things to people, or liking and sharing a post on social media, and communication. I'm quite well connected-there's Twitter Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, email, iEverything (!), but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore. Check this blog post, read that article someone shared, (32) __________back to someone else, and answer their question.. . Sometimes I feel like a cross between Siri and a mad juggler. Nothing seems to go in and I'm always mixing people up--asking someone how their band is going when they can’t play an instrument or how the job search is going when someone’s just written to say how depressed they are that they can't find a job. So it was quite a ( n ) (33 )__________ to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal, no internet and no "Communication”at all, apart from with the people I was with. Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared. All of our conversations became slower,more inverted and far more interesting. We were a group of 12,a ( n)(34)__________of couples and friends, only one of whom I was at university with, so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time. Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening, but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper. Tucked up on the leather sofas, (35 )__________dinner, we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their (36 )__________entirely! We shared ideas and theories , plots of books and plays and city trips we'd been on, described family troubles and gave advice, listened to work scenarios and offered pointers, and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before , because you couldn't say, "It's a great film, you should google it later. " Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much! In such a short ( 37 )__________of time, due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication, I felt much closer to the new people I'd met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don't think our common, current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate (38 )__________. The brevity of Twitter, the showiness of Facebook, all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn't challenge you to ( 39 )__________your feelings and motives enough. "Liking” something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something? It's a (n) (40)__________response to millions of other people, whereas you and your thoughts are unique. If we're not careful , perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level. （2022上海春考） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. characteristics B. diverse C. employ D. function E issue F. Integration G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes(原型)of biometric bodysuits.They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their(31)________, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The(32)________ version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier's equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should(33) ______the market within a few years. Fredere Zenhausen, director of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of "Biometric bodysuits" that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such "smart" clothing could (34) __________future soldiers early waning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said "The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and Fuidies (流体学)can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of (35) ______ tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic " he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different(36)____________. Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health is made of clear vinyl(乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fuidic devices. In the future such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or(37) ___________as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors ind patterns , Zenhausern suid. And if could all be made to look stylish by the (38)________of electronics and high-fashion designs , he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has ( 39 ) _____________ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy , an Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard Universally Graduate School of Design , sees possibilities to (40 )__________the technology in building design. As an example , she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管 ) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 词汇填空之考点透视 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：依据词性及句子语法结构进行判断（重点） 3 考点二：依据词义词性并结合语境进行判断（难点） 11 考点三：依据构词法知识进行判断（重点） 16 实战精练与提升 20 考情解读 一、考试要求 词汇填空题语篇约350词。文章首句不设空；一般每隔15-30个词会有一个空；空与空之间有完整意群；方框中词汇难度中高级，以实词为主，即名词、动词、形容词、副词；语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力；逻辑方面考察上下文联系。特别提示：近几年高考词汇题常出现构词法知识、一词多性、一词多义及熟词生义现象。 二、命题分析 题型与分值 俗称 “小猫钓鱼”，10 空 10 分。给定 11 个选项（含 1 个干扰项），选 10 个填入语篇。 语篇特征 长度约 350 词，首句为主题句且不设空，空格分布均匀。 核心考查 1. 词汇：以名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词为主，侧重熟词生义、一词多性及构词法。 2. 能力：句子结构分析、上下文逻辑推理及语篇理解能力。 命题特点 立足语篇语境，将词汇辨析与逻辑推理深度结合，不考近义词辨析。 知识梳理 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词、现在分词和进行时态 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 考点精讲 · 考点一：依据词性及句子语法结构进行判断 解题策略 1、确认空处可填词性， 2、同性词筛选， 3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。 上海高考英语词汇填空的词性判断本质是语法规则、语义逻辑与文化语境的综合运用。通过系统掌握几大词性的判断规律，结合真题语境进行精细化训练，考生可显著提升解题效率与准确性。备考过程中，建议采用 “成分分析→信号词定位→搭配验证” 的三维解题模型，同时强化科技、环保等高频主题的术语积累，最终实现从 “词性记忆” 到 “语用能力” 的进阶。 · 解题思路一：名词的确定 动词的确定：名词在句子中做主语；形容词或名词都可以修饰名词；名词做动词宾语或介词宾语。 限定词 (the, this, that, a, my, their之类) 后必有名词。 示例1（2025·上海徐汇·二模） A．piloted         B．precisely    C． barriers     D．fault    E. misjudge F. life-threatening   G. transition   H. priorities    I. tempted  J. posed   K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Timothy B．Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that 6 no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the 7 of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce 8 crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory 9 that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the 10 . The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. 【答案】6．J 7．D 8．F 9．C 10．G 【导语】本文是新闻报道。主要围绕自动驾驶汽车的发展、优势以及其对减少交通事故的潜在影响进行了阐述。 7．考查名词。句意：“大部分事故似乎是另一位司机的过错，”Lee说。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作表语，根据句意，应是fault意为“过错”符合语境。故选D项。 8．考查形容词。句意：现在就知道自动驾驶汽车能在多大程度上减少危及生命的车祸还为时过早。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是life-threatening意为“威胁着生命的”符合语境。故选F项。 9．考查名词。句意：各级政府应尽快消除阻碍无人驾驶汽车更快普及的监管障碍，同时确保这些公司在安全和问责方面达到最高标准。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是barrier意为“障碍”符合语境，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故选C项。 10．考查名词。句意：今年1月初，自动驾驶汽车行业协会（Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association）发布了一份旨在加速过渡的拟议政策框架。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是transition意为“过渡”符合语境。故选G项。 示例2（2025年闵行一模） A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction …… The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that （11）________ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is （12）________to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking（13）________that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a（n） （14）________growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. 参考答案：11. K 12. C 13. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了阿塔卡马沙漠的相关情况，包括它虽条件恶劣但有着独特的沙漠开花现象，介绍了沙漠开花现象产生的原因、涉及的花卉特点以及厄尔尼诺现象对此现象可能产生的影响等内容。 【11 题详解】 考查名词。句意：它有着世界上最严酷沙漠的名声，尽管严格来说这一殊荣属于南极沙漠。此处作主语，需要一个名词，根据 “belongs to” 以及所给单词，“distinction”（荣誉，殊荣，区别）符合语境，指世界上最严酷沙漠这一荣誉，故填 “K”。 【12 题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管条件恶劣，阿塔卡马沙漠却是数量惊人的植物物种的家园，其中许多植物已经进化到能够在长期干旱中生存下来。“be home to...” 是固定短语，意为 “是…… 的家园，是…… 的所在地”，符合语境描述沙漠是众多植物物种生存的地方，故填 “C”。 【13 题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些花处于休眠状态，在条件适宜时，它们会焕发生机，形成一片令人惊叹的景象，其范围可延伸数千平方公里。此处作介词 “in” 的宾语，需要一个名词，“display”（展示，景象）符合语境，指花开时呈现出的壮观景象，故填 “A”。 · 解题思路二：动词的确定 动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。 示例1（2025·上海普陀·二模） advocating    B．alongside    C． committed   D．convincing      E. handle   F. logic   G. motivate   H. organizational   I. primitively    J. sustain   K. visual The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about 1 people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal, 2 a cause or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion plays a crucial role. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as 3 to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas, it’ll also help you 4 them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to 5 conflicts and reach agreements. ………. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了说服的艺术，阐述了说服技能在职场的重要性，说明了学习说服艺术的方法以及成功说服技能的基础。 1．考查动词。句意：说服是关于让人们从你的角度看事情，采纳你的想法或采取特定行动。根据后文“people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions”可知，这里需要一个表示“使信服、说服”意思的动词，convince符合语境，且about是介词，后接动名词形式convincing。故选D项。 2．考查动词。句意：当你在谈一笔生意、倡导一项事业或只是想表达你的观点时，说服起着至关重要的作用。根据后文“a cause”可知，这里需要一个表示“倡导、拥护”意思的动词，advocate符合语境，和negotiating并列，都用现在分词形式advocating。故选A项。 3．考查形容词。句意：没有说服技巧，员工可能不会那么致力于或相信一个组织的愿景和长期使命的重要性。根据后文“to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long term mission”可知，这里需要一个表示“致力于……的”意思的形容词，committed符合语境，作表语，be committed to是固定搭配，意为“致力于”。故选C项。 4．考查动词。句意：有效运用说服技巧不仅能让你的同事对你的想法感到兴奋，还能激励他们实现一个共同的目标。根据后文“them to achieve a common goal”可知，这里需要一个表示“激励”意思的动词，motivate符合语境，help sb.do sth.是固定搭配，用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选G项。 5．考查动词。句意：为了在职场学习说服的艺术，你需要了解如何处理冲突并达成协议。根据后文“conflicts and reach agreements”可知，这里需要一个表示“处理”意思的动词，handle符合语境，用原形构成不定式短语。故选E项。 示例2（2025年浦东新区一模） A. accompany B. alternative C. diverse D. doubt E. predictable F. reflecting G. reframe H. reportedly I. seeking J. socially K. undesirable Voice changes as you age What is noteworthy is that (16)_________ voice changes will cause other health concerns. If older adults are feeling like their voice is changing, and it’s impacting their ability to engage in personal and professional growth, or interpersonal communication, they can start to withdraw (17)_________ and become depressed. Researchers are increasingly trying to (18)_________ many “disorders” of the aging voice as a natural part of aging. Thus, it’s crucial for older adults to recognize that these changes are inevitable, (19)_________ the passage of time. Besides medical interventions, psychological support also plays a vital role in helping older adults handle voice changes. Since age-related voice changes are inevitable, there’s no shame in (20)_________ help. Our voice is very personal at any age. 参考答案： 18. G 19.F 20. I 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着年龄增长，人们的嗓音会发生变化这一现象，介绍了针对老年人嗓音功能的一些治疗方法、嗓音变化可能引发的其他健康问题以及研究者对这一现象的看法等，强调了认识到嗓音变化不可避免以及寻求帮助应对变化的重要性。 【18 题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究人员越来越试图将许多老年人嗓音的 “障碍” 重新定义为衰老的自然组成部分。此处需要一个动词，“reframe”（重新构建，重新定义）符合语境，指改变对嗓音变化现象的看法，故填 “G”。 【19 题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，对于老年人来说，认识到这些变化是不可避免的，是时间流逝的反映，这一点至关重要。此处需要一个动词，“reflecting”（反映，体现）符合语境，说明嗓音变化与时间流逝的关联，故填 “F”。 【20 题详解】 考查动词。句意：由于与年龄相关的嗓音变化是不可避免的，所以寻求帮助并不可耻。此处需要一个动词，“seeking”（寻求，寻找）符合语境，指寻求应对嗓音变化的帮助，故填 “I”。 · 解题思路三：形容词的确定 形容词的确定：形容词作定语修饰名词。单个形容词作前置定语；形容词短语作后置定语。 示例（2025·上海静安·二模） A．commutes       B．incidental      C． boundary      D．cloud    E. contemporary      F. straight    G. fueled        H. facilitate     I. capitalize      J. presence        K. exploit Imagine walking into a bright office tower ten years aga: the hum of desktop computers and the sight of employees chained to their desks for eight 1 hours. The day begins at 9 and ends at 5, and productivity is measured by 2 , not output. Remote work, the practice of carrying out professional responsibilities outside the traditional office, has emerged as a game-changer in modern work culture. Greatly 5 by technological advancements, particularly the multiplication of cooperative tools, remote work has transferred from being a mere trend to becoming a vital component of the 6 work style. The advantages of remote work extend to benefit employees as well. The employee experience is not merely ____8____. It is fundamental to how organizations shape the productivity and well-being of their teams. Today’s employees prefer the independence and flexibility that remote work affords, allowing for improved work-life balance and the removal of time-consuming ____9_____. 【答案】1．F 6．E 8．B 【导语】本篇是说明文。文章主要说明了如今工作形式发生了变化，远程工作越来越普遍和受欢迎的现象。 1．考查形容词。句意：想象一下，十年前走进一座明亮的办公大楼：台式电脑嗡嗡作响，员工们连续八个小时被拴在办公桌前。根据“employees chained to their desks for eight”以及句意“连续”可知应用形容词straight，修饰名词hour，作定语。故选F。 6．考查形容词。句意：在技术进步的大力推动下，特别是协作工具的增加，远程工作已经从仅仅是一种趋势转变为当代工作方式的一个重要组成部分。根据“remote work has transferred from being a mere trend to becoming a vital component of the”以及句意“当代”可知应用形容词contemporary，修饰名词style，作定语，故选E。 8．考查形容词。句意：员工的经历不仅仅是偶然的。根据“It is fundamental to how organizations shape the productivity and well-being of their teams.(它是组织如何塑造其团队的生产力和福祉的基础)”以及句意“偶然的”可知应用形容词incidental，作表语。故选B。 · 解题思路四：副词的确定 副词的确定：句子完整，副词可修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子、介词短语、不定式、过去分词等； 示例（2025·上海黄浦·二模） A．enthusiasts   B．free-spirited   C． fresh   D．incredibly   E. invisible   F. memory G. mutually   H. on-location   I. ordinary   J. popularized   K. transformed Urban Sketching Retreats (城市写生静修) are Taking Off “As an art instructor, it’s wonderful to see how each participant brings a(n) 9 perspective to what’s in front of them,” says Alicia Aradilla, who now leads urban sketching retreats. “Every sketchbook ends up being different; I find that 10 appealing about sketching trips.” 【答案】10．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍城市写生静修的背景、特点、意义以及参与者的体验，向读者展示了这一新兴趋势的魅力和价值。 10．考查副词。句意：每个速写本最终都是不同的；我发现这种独特性是写生之旅最吸引人的地方。根据句意和空格后的形容词appealing可知，空格处应该用副词作状语，修饰后面的形容词appealing，且意义为“极其”，所以副词incredibly填入空格处，符合句意。故选D项。 · 解题思路五：非谓语动词的确定 非谓语动词的确定：动名词作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语、表语、定语。分词作表语、宾补、定语、状语。 有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。例： 示例1（2025·上海金山·二模） A．changes    B．current     C． delays            D．enclosed    E. identifiable     F. include        G. matching     H. movements        I. occurred    J. overriding        K. works We need a fourth white traffic light to ease traffic jams This tells human drivers that AVs are now directing vehicle 3 via wireless communication. Human drivers must simply follow the car ahead— 4 its stops or movements. 【答案】 4．G 【解析】这是一篇说明文。工程师提议增设白交通灯助自动驾驶车疏堵，介绍其运作及效果，虽有风险但只需小改动即可实现。 4．考查现在分词。句意：人类司机只需跟随前面的车 —— 匹配它的停车或移动。分析句子结构，这里可用现在分词作伴随状语，matching，表示“匹配；与…… 相符”，符合“人类司机的操作要与前面车的动作相匹配”的意思。故选G。 示例（2025·上海宝山·二模） A．community   B．reveal   C． originally    D．marketing   E. eventually   F. electronic   G. added        H. strike    I. dressing     J. statistic      K. material Beauty and fashion have always been its most popular topics, but new categories keep getting 3 . Now companies everywhere are paying attention to this vast 4 of consumers. Xiaohongshu combines lifestyle tips with business. “KeyOpinion Consumers” demonstrate products and strike a note of friendship. As users make comments, connections grow among like-minded people. Brands build _____5____ strategies around the latest trends. For example, millions of Xiaohongshu users have posted about “dopamine 6 .” Search “dopamine” in the app, and you’ll find endless products, including furniture and dog clothing! Brands hope that you, and a few million others, will buy their products. 【答案】 3．G 4．A 5．D 3．考查过去分词。句意：美容和时尚一直是最受欢迎的话题，但新的类别不断增加。动词短语get done为被动结构，表示“被做”，故空处可用过去分词added，表示“被增加”，符合句意。故选G。 4．考查名词。句意：现在，世界各地的公司都在关注这个庞大的消费者群体。空处应用名词，作宾语；选项A. community为名词，表示“群体”，符合句意。故选A。 5．考查动名词。句意：品牌围绕最新趋势制定营销策略。空处作定语，修饰名词“strategies”；选项D. marketing为动名词，表示“营销、促销”，marketing strategies动名词作定语，表示“营销策略”，符合句意。故选D。 · 考点二：依据词义词性并结合语境进行判断 解题策略 · 通读全文：在开始选词填空前，先快速浏览一遍文章内容，了解文章大致的主题、体裁以及整体语境，这样有助于从宏观上把握文章的语义走向，为后续选择合适单词提供背景依据。 · 分析词性与语法：仔细观察空格所在句子的结构，判断空格处需要填入单词的词性，比如是名词、动词、形容词还是副词等，同时考虑句子的语法规则，像主谓一致、时态等要求，对可选单词进行初步筛选。 · 结合语境辨析词义：根据上下文的语义逻辑，判断单词在该语境下应表达的准确意思，尤其注意熟词僻义、一词多义等情况，同时排查是否涉及固定搭配，通过对语境的深入理解来缩小选词范围，确定最合适的单词填入空格。 · 复查核对：将所选单词填入空格后，再次通读全文，检查文章整体的语法是否正确、语义是否连贯流畅，确保所选单词都能准确契合语境，没有出现搭配不当、逻辑不通等问题。 · 解题思路一：根据上下文逻辑关系判断 常见的逻辑关系有：并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系、.列举 (顺序) 关系等，根据前后句及上下文的逻辑关系，结合语义来判断所选词汇。 例1. A. fast B. stuntmen C. training D. catching E. fall F. seriously G. really H. profession I. fight J. living K. perform But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and __1__. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment. Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get ___2___ injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. 【Keys】 CF。 1.空格1前面有并列连词and，可知所填入的词与skill接近，根据句意，可知training合适。 2.空格2后面有并列连词and，可知injured的程度与killed接近，故填入seriously。 例2. A. economy B. dated C. relationship D. event E. achievement F. applied G. global H. regularly I. financial J. promote K. located Exhibitions are not a recent invention. They dated back to the times when large-scale markets were regularly held in cities which attracted visitors and brought prosperity because they were ___3___ at major trade route intersections. 【Keys】K。根据空格前面的because，可知上下句构成因果关系，吸引游客的原因是地理位置好，故填located。 · 解题思路二：熟词生义/熟词僻义 序号 单词 常见义 僻义 出处 1 capitalize 资本化 利用 静安二模 2 cloudy 多云的 不清晰的 静安二模 3 fuel 燃料 刺激；激励 长宁二模 4 incidental 偶然的 次要的 长宁二模 5 stage 舞台 举办、筹划（活动等） 黄浦二模 6 might 可能（modal verb） 力量、威力（n.） 黄浦二模 7 mushroom 蘑菇 像雨后春笋般涌现 虹口二模 8 involve 涉及 需要 浦东二模 9 terminal 终点 晚期的 嘉定二模 10 unlock 解锁 开启、获得（新的能力、机会等） 徐汇二模 11 license 执照 发许可证、给予执照 宝山二模 12 cover 覆盖 涵盖、包括 闵行二模 13 wide 宽的 很大程度上，大大地， 崇明二模 14 chain 链条 连锁商店 奉贤二模 15 guarantee 保证（n.） 确保（v.） 金山二模 16 account 账户 占（比例） 杨浦二模 17 exploit 剥削 利用 静安二模 18 diet 饮食；节食 特定种类的事物 青浦二模 19 discount 打折 不重视 青浦二模 20 object 物体；目标 接受者 浦东二模 示例1（2025·上海奉贤·二模） A．visually B．interacts C． essential D．minute E. composition F. perspective G. accuracy H. dominates I. expansive J. survives K. occasionally Masterpiece: One Thousand Liof Rivers and Mountains This painting 8 with the viewer in a way rarely found in Western paintings. Due to its vast scale but 9 details, it requires multiple viewings at different distances. The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact. 【答案】 9．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了王希孟的《千里江山图》以及画作鉴赏。 9．考查形容词。句意：由于其庞大的规模和微小的细节，它需要在不同的距离进行多次观看。根据“The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact.(第一次观看是在很远的地方观察它的壮观。第二次观察是在近距离观察其精致的特征。第三次观察是在中距离观察其整体影响)”以及句意“微小的”可知，应填形容词minute，修饰details。故选D。(熟义：n.分钟；一会儿 僻义： adj. 1.微小的，细小的；琐碎的；极少的。2.详细的，精密的) · 解题思路三：一词多义/一词多性 （2025·上海闵行·二模） A．switch    B．cost    C． deadliest    D．flooding    E. items    F. shipping G. translates    H. packed    I. sticks    J. lightweight    K. recycle     Amazon worked with suppliers to find a 5 , 100% recycled paper that’s easier to wrap around an object to protect it. The paper also takes up less space, so now more 6 fit in a smaller box. That 7 to using less gas or electricity, in the case of the company’s electric vans to make a delivery. It’s a welcome change following years of pressure from environmental groups to stop plastic pollution 8 into oceans. “The fact that the world’s largest e-commerce company has made plastic air pillows a thing of history globally is fantastic news for the world’s oceans,” the nonprofit Oceana said in a statement in response to Amazon’s announcement. Plastic is cheap, but the new system saves the company money since there’s less risk that something will break during 9 and need replacement, Lindner says. “And so the fact that we can deliver packages more safely and with less damage is a 10 saving to us.” 【答案】 6．E 7．G 8．D 9．F 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了亚马逊公司为减少塑料污染，将其快递包装中的塑料气枕替换为可回收纸包装的举措及相关益处。 6．考查名词。句意：这种纸也占用更少的空间，所以现在更多的物品能装进一个更小的盒子里。根据“fit in a smaller box”可知，此处指更多的物品，“items” 意为 “物品”，符合语境，故填E。 7．考查动词。句意：这意味着在公司的电动货车送货的情况下，使用更少的汽油或电力。“translate to” 是固定短语，意为 “意味着，转化为”，主语 “That” 是第三人称单数，所以用 “translates”，符合句意。故填G。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是在多年来环保组织施加压力要求阻止塑料污染涌入海洋之后受到欢迎的改变。“stop sth. from doing sth.” 是固定结构，意为 “阻止某物做某事”，“flooding into” 意为 “涌入”符合语境，为动名词作宾语。故填D。 9．考查动名词。句意：塑料很便宜，但新系统为公司节省了资金，因为在运输过程中东西损坏并需要更换的风险降低了。此处指在运输过程中，“shipping” 意为 “运输”，作宾语。符合语境，故填F。 10．考查名词。句意：所以我们能够更安全地递送包裹并且减少损坏，这对我们来说是成本的节省。“cost saving” 意为 “成本节省”符合语境，故填B。 · 解题思路四：固定搭配 1).He believes design must take into the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. （account）（2016上海高考） 2). Since you really____ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? (commit) (2014上海高考) 3).The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ____foods as healthy or unhealthy. (classify) （2014上海高考） 【解析】以上均考察词汇固定搭配。take into account 意思为“把……考虑在内”。commit oneself to “使自己致力于做”；“使自己承担于……”。classify....as “将……分类或划分”。 （2025·上海普陀·二模） advocating    B．alongside    C． committed   D．convincing      E. handle   F. logic   G. motivate   H. organizational   I. primitively    J. sustain   K. visual The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about 1 people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal, 2 a cause or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion plays a crucial role. 【答案】D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了说服的艺术，阐述了说服技能在职场的重要性，说明了学习说服艺术的方法以及成功说服技能的基础。 1．考查动词。句意：说服是关于让人们从你的角度看事情，采纳你的想法或采取特定行动。根据后文“people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions”可知，这里需要一个表示“使信服、说服”。根据语境及about是介词，后接动名词形式“convince sb. to do sth.”这一固定搭配，此处应填入“convincing”，表示“使……信服”，符合“使某人做某事”的用法。故选D项。 · 考点三：依据构词法知识进行判断 解题策略 难点：要求学生熟悉各类构词法规则，能够准确识别单词的构成部分以及理解其新的词义和用法，对单词的拆解和理解能力有一定要求，否则很难判断其在句子中是否合适。 考查目的：考查学生词汇积累的广度以及对构词知识的掌握情况，看是否能利用构词法知识去推测生词的意思，拓展词汇量，进而正确选用合适的单词完成填空。 · 解题思路：根据构词法知识（派生/转化/合成/缀合） A. administered B. assess C. evaluating D. externally E. improperly F. life-threatening G. measures H. original I. preexisting J. principles K. vital Next, __（assess）____ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and __ preexisting___ conditions such as heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. 【解析】以上2空考查了构词法知识，分别是构词法中前缀与合成。preexisting 意思为“以前存在的”；life-threatening意思为 “威胁生命的”。 附：常用构词法知识： （1）、名词后缀 1）-ster，-eer，-er（or）意为：从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人。 例词：gamester，gangster，engineer，profiteer，mountaineer，driver，teacher，director，actor，professor 2）-let意为：小或者不重要的东西。例词：booklet，leaflet，starlet 3）-ism意为：道义，主义，学说等。例词：idealism， impressionism，racism 4）-ess意为：女性。例词：actress，poetess，hostess 5）-hood意为：时期。例词：boyhood，childhood，manhood 6）-ship意为：才能，状态，资格，品质等。例词：leadership，friendship，membership，sportsmanship 7）-ful意为：量。例词：cupful，handful， mouthful，spoonful 8）-tion，-ion意为：①状态，行动等。例词：action，oppression，possession，education，starvation ②机构等。例词： organization，foundation 9）-ment意为：状态，行动等。例词：movement，enslavement，pavement 10）-al意为：动作。例词：arrival，refusal，revival，recital，removal 11）-age意为：程度，数量等。例词：coverage，shrinkage，breakage，hostage 12）-ness；-ity（ty）意为：状态，品质。例词：happiness，usefulness，selfishness，activity，sanity，changeability （2）、动词后缀 1）-ify意为：转为，变为。例词：beautify, simplify, classify 2）-ize；-en意为：使……，变得……。例词：modernize，popularize，symbolize，ripen，widen，threaten 3）-ate意为：增加，使……。例词：originate，initiate （3）、形容词后缀 1）-ful意为：充满，有。例词：useful，pitiful， hopeful，helpful，forgetful，thankful， fearful 2）-less意为：没有，无。例词：speechless，childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless 3）-ly意为：有……品质的。例词：beastly，manly， brotherly，friendly 4）-like意为：像……的。例词： childlike，tigerlike 5）-y；-ish意为：像……一般的。例词：sandy， silky，hairy，leafy，watery，foolish，girlish，blackish 6）-some意为：像……一样的；引起……的；有……品质的。例词：troublesome，tiresome，bothersome 7）-able（ible）意为：能……的；可以……的。例词： changeable，readable，drinkable，comfortable，expansible 8）-ed意为：有……的。例词：wooded，pointed，odd-shaped 9）-al意为：有……属性的，……类型的。例词：cultural，personal，regional，musical 10）-ary（ory）意为：属于……的，与……相连的。例词：revolutionary，imaginary 11）-ous意为：富含……的；有……品质的；像……的。例词：glorious，gracious 12）-ic（ical）意为：……类的；属于……的。例词： historic，historical，dramatic，heroic 13）-ive意为：有……属性的；有某种倾向的。例词： talkative，restrictive，defensive，constructive，sensitive （4）、副词后缀 1）-ly意为：以……方式。例词：happily，attentively，strangely 2）-ward（s）意为：表示方式或动作的方向。例词：backward（s），homeward（s），eastward（s） 3）-wise意为：①按照……方式。例词：crabwise，clockwise ②就……而言。例词：weatherwise ，educationwise 例1 （2016上海高考） A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. 【解析】以上两空均所填入单词均涉及到构词法知识。 43.J  形容词soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design。根据前半句“The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly...”可知美国建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的； 47.B  形容词adjustable可调节的；本句中该词作为定语修饰名词desk lamp，意为“可调节的台灯”，与后句中“regular adjustments by the user” 形成呼应。 例2（2025·上海崇明·二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivate      B．dependence       C． generating         D．insufficient      E. learnable F. predictor      G. quitting          H. restriction          I. underlying        J. widespread K. wind The Importance of Willpower A steady, disciplined use of willpower might seem like a(n) 3 of personal freedom, but it is not. If 4 willpower leaves you a slave to bad habits and addictions, then you’re not really free. If you can’t gather the willpower to overcome procrastination and earn a better life for yourself, then you’re not really free. To 5 true freedom, you’ll need willpower. Importantly, research has shown that self-control is 6 . When researchers teach people with poor self-control the strategies used by those with high self-control, the poor self-control subjects improve. Willpower is not fixed; it can be developed through strategy and practice. 【答案】 4．D 6．Ε 4．考查形容词。句意：如果意志力不足让你成为坏习惯和成瘾行为的奴隶，那么你并不是真正的自由。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式修饰名词“willpower”；根据下文“a slave to bad habits and addictions”可推测，空处指的是“不充足的”。选项D“insufficient”，意为“不充足的”符合句意。故选D。 6．考查形容词。句意：重要的是，研究表明自我控制是可以学习的。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式担当表语；根据下文“Willpower is not fixed; it can be developed through strategy and practice.”可知，意志力是可以习得的。选项E“learnable”，意为“可学习的”，符合句意。故选E。 实战训练 一、名校试题 Passage 01 【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期九月月考英语检测 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．misreading   B．manuals   C．bar   D．possibly   E.bread-and-butter   F.plausibly G.remains   H. significantly   I.emerging   J.streams   K.complex Are AI Tools Killing Translator Jobs? More than a third of translators have lost work due to generative AI, a recent survey has found. More than four in ten translators said that their income has decreased because of the 1 technology. More than three quarters believe that it will negatively affect their future income. The survey was run by the Society of Authors (SoA), the U.K.’s largest trade union (工会) for writers, illustrators, and translators. It found that 37 percent of translators had used generative AI to support their work. Eight percent were asked to use it by their publisher or commissioning organization. Thomas Bunstead, whose translations from Spanish include The Book of All Loves by Agustín Fernández Mallo, said that it is important to distinguish between literary translators and commercial translators. “Though a third of translators think that they’ve lost work to AI already, literary translation 2 in the hands of humans,” he said. “The work that has been handed over to AI will be the kind of 3 stuff which doesn’t require so much nuance (细微差别), such as instruction 4 .” Nichola Smalley, whose translations from Swedish and Norwegian include A System So Magnificent It Is Blinding by Amanda Svensson, agrees with this. “But perhaps the people translating crime and romance novels who are currently getting less work due to AI will all start getting into the 5 stuff,” she said. “We’ll all be fighting for space in that job. I hope not.” Ian Giles, co-chair of the Translators Association, said that his income from commercial translation work has 6 fallen since the beginning of last year. The loss of non-literary 7 of income for literary translators will mean “the raising of the 8 to entry into the industry, with only those with wealth will be able to translate literature for publication”. He also said that cost-cutting is not restricted to non-literary translation. A publisher specializing in e-books and audio books, for which Giles previously translated, has switched to a process known as post-editing, where an AI translator has a first go at translating a text before a human editor checks it and makes changes. Nuanxed is a company that facilitates translation via post-editing. It said that while human translators are “essential in maintaining high quality literature in translation,” their “methodologies will need to evolve alongside technological advancements.” However, Smalley is concerned that post-editing can create “a lot more work” for translators. They must carefully compare texts to catch 9 and “poor or unidiomatic (不地道的)” style. “Colleagues who have done post-editing work say that it requires a far higher degree of attention because the AI-generated text often reads so 10 ,” she said. “I’m certain that the act of creative and literary translation will live on in one shape or another,” said Giles. “For many,there’s a deep-seated desire to translate and I also believe that there’s an audience that desires human-translated content.” 【答案】 1．I 2．G 3．E 4．B 5．K 6．H 7．J 8．C 9．A 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是生成式人工智能（AI）对译员工作及收入的影响。 1．考查形容词。句意：超过四成的翻译人员表示，由于这种新兴技术，他们的收入减少了。由上文“generative AI”可知，句子表示“由于这种新兴技术，他们的收入减少了”，空格处意为“新兴的”，是emerging，形容词作定语。故选I。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他说：“尽管三分之一的译者认为他们的工作已经被人工智能抢走了，但文学翻译仍然掌握在人类手中。”由下文“in the hands of humans”可知，文学翻译仍然掌握在人类手中，空格处意为“仍然”，是remain，动词作谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语translation是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故选G。 3．考查形容词。句意：那些交给人工智能处理的工作将是那些不需要太多细微差别的日常事务，比如使用说明书之类的。由下文“doesn’t require so much nuance”可知，空格处意为“日常的，基本的”，修饰stuff，是bread-and-butter，形容词作定语。故选E。 4．考查名词。句意：那些交给人工智能处理的工作将是那些不需要太多细微差别的日常事务，比如使用说明书之类的。由上文“instruction”和“which doesn’t require so much nuance”可知，空格处意为“使用手册，说明书”，是manual，要用复数。故选B。 5．考查形容词。句意：她说：“但也许那些因人工智能而工作减少的翻译犯罪小说和言情小说的译员，都会开始涉足复杂内容的翻译。”由第2空处的“literary translation remains in the hands of humans”可知，那些因人工智能而工作减少的翻译犯罪小说和言情小说的译员，都会开始涉足复杂内容的翻译，空格处意为“复杂的”，是complex，形容词作定语。故选K。 6．考查副词。句意：翻译协会联合主席Ian Giles表示，自去年年初以来，他从商业翻译工作中获得的收入大幅下降。由第一段“their income has decreased”可知，他从商业翻译工作中获得的收入大幅下降，空格处意为“大幅，显著地”，是significantly，副词作状语。故选H。 7．考查名词。句意：文学译者失去了非文学收入来源，将意味着“进入这个行业的门槛提高，只有那些有钱的人才能翻译出版文学作品”。由下文“of income for literary translators”可知，文学译者失去了非文学收入来源，空格处意为“一连串，源源不断（的事情）”，是stream，要用复数，作介词宾语。故选J。 8．考查名词。句意：文学译者失去了非文学收入来源，将意味着“进入这个行业的门槛提高，只有那些有钱的人才能翻译出版文学作品”。由下文“entry into the industry, with only those with wealth will be able to translate literature for publication”可知，进入这个行业的门槛提高了，空格处意为“门槛”，是bar，由to entry into the industry可知，此处用单数，作介词宾语。故选C。 9．考查名词。句意：他们必须仔细比较文本，以发现误读和“拙劣或不地道”的风格。由下文“and “poor or unidiomatic (不地道的)” style”可知，他们必须仔细比较文本才能发现误读和“拙劣或不地道”的风格”，空格处意为“误读”，是misreading，是不可数名词，作宾语。故选A。 10．考查副词。句意：她说：“做过后期编辑工作的同事说，这需要更高程度的关注，因为人工智能生成的文本读起来非常可信。”由上文“it requires a far higher degree of attention”可知，人工智能生成的文本读起来非常可信，空格处意为“可信地”，是plausibly，副词作状语。故选F。 Passage 02 【来源】上海市黄浦区大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．wrestle    B．precision    C． lengthy    D．communicate    E. opposite    F. core   G. chaotic    H. otherwise    I. shoulder    J. obligation    K. disagree     Using English as the Language of Science English is the international language of science, but most of the world’s scientists speak it as a second language. We 11 an extra career challenge: Not only must we gain command of our science, but we must also be able to write to professional standards in a foreign language to 12 that science. To me, English is suitable as an international language in a number of ways. On the surface, it’s easy enough to convey basic meanings when conducting trade, business and tourism, as well as on news sites and social media. In most contexts, it doesn’t matter if you misuse “the” or “ing”, or get the word order wrong. Plurals are generally straightforward; and, although the spelling is 13 once you get a feel for the typical pattern, it’s not too hard. But when meanings are complex and technical, 14 is a must. Then, English becomes a difficult beast to 15 with. The Australian poet Clive James once called English “big and baggy”. I can’t 16 . The vocabulary is gigantic (巨大的). Furthermore, the grammar is extraordinarily flexible, leaving us with an often-confusing collection of nuanced (有细微差别的) choices. Therein lies the problem: the expanse of the language makes it easy to produce 17 writings of questionable quality. Worse still, we outsiders to English are likely to have been taught to use elaborate wording and long sentences to show our authority on a topic. Ironically (讽刺地), English is the 18 : The language is at its most elegant when plain and simple. But simplicity is hard English! Another shock to my Hebrew (希伯来语) hard-wiring was the importance English speakers place on front-ending their message. In many languages, you might expect readers to feel a(n) 19 to stay with the text throughout. In English, however, I’ve developed a healthy fear that my readers will skim-read unless I state the essence at the opening of a section or paragraph, then walk backwards while explaining it. My language mentor (导师) says that working with me makes him reflect on English in ways he wouldn’t 20 — I teach him, he says. Full disclosure: he nipped and tucked (改造) this piece and made a few helpful suggestions. 【答案】 11．I 12．D 13．G 14．B 15．A 16．K 17．C 18．E 19．J 20．H 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出英语是科学领域通用语，但多数科学家将其作为第二语言，分析了英语作为通用语的优缺点，及非母语者使用时的挑战。 11．考查动词。句意：我们肩负着一项额外的职业挑战：我们不仅必须精通自己的科学领域，还必须能够用外语以专业水准写作来传播这一科学知识。空处作句子谓语动词，结合空后an extra career challenge（一项额外的职业挑战）可知，此处指“肩负挑战”，动词shoulder“肩负”符合题意；句子主语为 We，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故选I。 12．考查动词。句意：我们不仅必须精通自己的科学领域，还必须能够用外语以专业水准写作来传播这一科学知识。空处应填动词原形和to构成不定式，作目的状语，结合空后that science可知，此处指“传播这一科学”，动词communicate“传播”符合题意。故选D。 13．考查形容词。句意：复数形式通常很简单；而且，尽管拼写一开始可能混乱且复杂，但一旦你掌握了典型的规律，就不算太难。空处作表语，结合下文once you get a feel for the typical pattern, it’s not too hard.（一旦你掌握了典型的规律，就不算太难）可知，此处指拼写一开始可能比较混乱，形容词chaotic“混乱的”符合题意。故选G。 14．考查名词。句意：但当含义复杂且涉及专业术语时，精确性是必需的。空处作主句主语，结合meanings are complex and technical（含义复杂且专业）可知，可知，此处指“精确”是必需的，名词precision“精确”符合题意，为不可数名词。故选B。 15．考查动词。句意：届时，英语就成了一种难以驾驭的“猛兽”。空格需填入与with搭配的动词，结合句意体现 “应对、驾驭”的含义。 wrestle“艰难对付”符合题意，与with搭配意为“努力应对”，to wrestle with作后置定语修饰beast。故选A。 16．考查动词。句意：我对此表示赞同（无法反驳）。前文“The Australian poet Clive James once called English “big and baggy””引用诗人对英语的评价庞大而松散，后文“The vocabulary is gigantic (巨大的).”描述英语词汇庞大、语法灵活，可见作者认同该观点，动词disagree “不同意”，can’t disagree“无法不同意”（即赞同）符合语境；can’t后接动词原形。故选K。 17．考查形容。句意：问题就在于此：语言的广泛性使得人们很容易写出质量存疑的冗长文章。the expanse of the language（语言的广泛性）是原因，writings of questionable quality（质量存疑的文章）是结果，需填入体现文章“难以理解”的形容词，lengthy“冗长的”符合语境，修饰名词 “writings”，语法正确。故选C。 18．考查名词。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，英语恰恰相反：语言最优雅的时候是简洁明了的。前文“we outsiders to English are likely to have been taught to use elaborate wording and long sentences to show our authority on a topic”提到人们被教导用复杂措辞体现权威，后文“The language is at its most elegant when plain and simple.”转折，指出英语优雅在于简洁，即一种独立的情况，名词opposite“对立面”符合对比语境，the opposite作表语。故选E。 19．考查名词。句意：在许多语言中，你可能会认为读者有义务通读全文。结合a(n)可知，空处应填名词单数与feel搭配，结合下文“In English, however, I’ve developed a healthy fear that my readers will skim-read unless I state the essence at the opening of a section or paragraph, then walk backwards while explaining it.(然而，在英语中，我有一种健康的恐惧，我担心我的读者会略读，除非我在一个部分或段落的开头陈述要点，然后在解释时倒着走)”可知，人们认为读者有通读全文的义务，名词obligation“义务”符合题意。故选J。 20．考查副词。句意：我的语言导师说，和我一起工作让他以一种原本不会有的方式反思英语 —— 他说，我教会了他东西。结合句意可知，此处指原本不会使用的方式，wouldn’t otherwise“原本不会”符合语境；otherwise为副词，修饰省略的动词reflect。故选H。 Passage 03 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．AI-based       B．engaging       C． foolproof       D．futuristic     E. implemented    F. loyalty         G. options         H. orderly    I. preferred        J. push           K. securely Imagine checking in for a flight by simply walking onto the plane. Or buying groceries with a nod of your head, or withdrawing funds from an ATM with a single glance. Thanks to biometric technology — which uses voice, face, fingerprint, or other physical or behavioral characteristic recognition to 21 verify an individual’s identity — those scenarios are not far from becoming reality. Rapid user identification and more intuitive (简便的) shopping 22 are just a couple of the emerging capabilities of biometrics, which is ready to blossom into a $59.31 billion global industry by 2025, according to Grand View Research. Whether it’s providing better ways to fight fraud or delivering smarter customer service, the biometrics industry is expanding the 23 applications of the technology and transforming human interactions across business and government. Tools that enable voice recognition, iris recognition, and other methods of identification offer faster and more 24 ways to access electronic devices or physical locations by creating unique identifiers such as “voiceprints” and “eyeprints” that can’t be faked. They also allow users to maintain consistent digital identities wherever they go. Millions of smartphone and tablet users already rely on fingerprint scanners and facial recognition systems to unlock or manipulate their devices, but more sophisticated solutions are being 25 or are in development across a variety of industries. “The future of business lies in highly intelligent and automated transactions and smart, faultless customer interactions,” says Brett Beranek, general manager of security and biometrics at Nuance Communications. “Among today’s fastest-growing trends, the 26 toward more natural and personalized exchanges is quickly making biometrics a go-to technology for firms all around the world, including Fortune 500 leaders.” Nuance has been developing its 27 biometrics technologies over the past two decades. Its tools go beyond identifying simple characteristics, such as the sound of an individual’s voice, to learning speaking, typing, and behavioral patterns and memorizing 28 vocabulary. Such capabilities allow the technologies to recognize when someone is trying to impersonate a customer on the phone or during digital transactions, stopping fraud in its tracks. Nuance’s technology is not only capable of identifying who is 29 with it, but also what the user is likely looking for, enabling personalized interactions from the moments they begin. This frictionless experience can be a competitive advantage — driving 30 and improving customer satisfaction. 【答案】 21．K 22．G 23．D 24．C 25．E 26．J 27．A 28．I 29．B 30．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过大量的实例来说明通过生物特征识别技术来加速进入未来。 21．考查副词。句意：得益于生物识别技术 —— 它利用声音、面部、指纹或其他生理或行为特征识别来安全地验证个人身份 —— 这些场景离成为现实不远了。verify（验证）是动词，需用副词修饰。结合语境，生物识别技术的核心功能之一是安全验证身份，因此securely（安全地）符合题意。故选K。 22．考查名词。句意：快速的用户识别和更简便的购物选择只是生物识别技术新兴功能中的几个，根据Grand View Research的数据，到2025年，生物识别技术有望发展成为一个价值593.1亿美元的全球产业。空处需填名词作 intuitive的宾语，根据“which is ready to blossom into a $59.31 billion global industry by 2025”推测，生物识别技术能为购物提供更多选择，因此复数名词options（选择）符合题意。故选G。 23．考查形容词。句意：无论是提供更好的方法来打击欺诈，还是提供更智能的客户服务，生物识别行业正在扩大这项技术的未来应用，并改变企业和政府内部的人际互动。空格后applications（应用）是名词，需用形容词修饰，此处强调技术应用的拓展，futuristic applications（未来的应用）更能体现技术的拓展。故选D。 24．考查形容词。句意：支持语音识别、虹膜识别和其他识别方法的工具通过创建无法伪造的“声纹”和“眼纹”等独特标识符，提供了更快、更万无一失的方式来访问电子设备或物理位置。空格前more提示需填形容词构成比较级，修饰 ways，且生物识别技术的优势在于识别的可靠性，形容词foolproof（万无一失的）符合题意。故选C。 25．考查被动语态。句意：数百万智能手机和平板电脑用户已经依赖指纹扫描仪和面部识别系统来解锁或操作他们的设备，但更复杂的解决方案正在各个行业实施或开发中。句中are being.提示此处为现在进行时的被动语态，需填过去分词。选项中implemented（实施）为过去分词，are being implemented（正在被实施）符合语法结构，且与in development（在开发中）形成并列，语义连贯。故选E。 26．考查名词。句意：“在当今增长最快的趋势中，向更自然、更个性化交流的推进正迅速使生物识别技术成为全球企业（包括财富500强企业）的首选技术。”空格前the提示需填名词作主语。选项中 push（推进）为名词，the push toward...（向…… 的推进）符合搭配，能体现趋势的发展方向。故选J。 27．考查形容词。句意：Nuance在过去二十年中一直在开发其基于人工智能的生物识别技术。空格后biometrics technologies（生物识别技术）是名词短语，需用形容词修饰。选项中 AI-based（基于人工智能的）为形容词，符合技术领域的表述习惯，且与后文highly intelligent呼应。故选A。 28．考查形容词。句意：其工具不仅能识别简单特征，如个人的声音，还能学习说话、打字和行为模式，并记住偏好的词汇。空格后vocabulary（词汇）是名词，需用形容词修饰。选项中preferred（偏好的）为形容词，preferred vocabulary（偏好的词汇）符合语境，体现技术对用户习惯的学习。故选I。 29．考查现在分词。句意：Nuance的技术不仅能够识别与之交互的人，还能识别用户可能在寻找什么，从互动开始就实现个性化交互。句中is后需填现在分词构成现在进行时，表主动关系。选项中engaging（交互）是现在分词，who is engaging with it（与之交互的人）符合语法，且与interactions呼应。故选B。 30．考查名词。句意：这种无摩擦的体验可以成为一种竞争优势 —— 提高客户忠诚度并改善客户满意度。空格前 driving（推动）为动词，需填名词作宾语。选项中loyalty（忠诚度）为名词，driving loyalty（提高忠诚度）与 improving customer satisfaction（改善客户满意度）并列，符合商业语境中对客户关系的描述。故选F。 二、真题演练 （2023上海春考） 外刊来源： A. digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting Communication-a Thing of the Past? We all think we communicate all the time, and that's true. There's also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix--everything we're saying when we're not saying anything. But there’s a (n) (31 ) _______between saying things to people, or liking and sharing a post on social media, and communication. I'm quite well connected-there's Twitter Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, email, iEverything (!), but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore. Check this blog post, read that article someone shared, (32) __________back to someone else, and answer their question.. . Sometimes I feel like a cross between Siri and a mad juggler. Nothing seems to go in and I'm always mixing people up--asking someone how their band is going when they can’t play an instrument or how the job search is going when someone’s just written to say how depressed they are that they can't find a job. So it was quite a ( n ) (33 )__________ to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal, no internet and no "Communication”at all, apart from with the people I was with. Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared. All of our conversations became slower,more inverted and far more interesting. We were a group of 12,a ( n)(34)__________of couples and friends, only one of whom I was at university with, so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time. Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening, but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper. Tucked up on the leather sofas, (35 )__________dinner, we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their (36 )__________entirely! We shared ideas and theories , plots of books and plays and city trips we'd been on, described family troubles and gave advice, listened to work scenarios and offered pointers, and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before , because you couldn't say, "It's a great film, you should google it later. " Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much! In such a short ( 37 )__________of time, due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication, I felt much closer to the new people I'd met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don't think our common, current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate (38 )__________. The brevity of Twitter, the showiness of Facebook, all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn't challenge you to ( 39 )__________your feelings and motives enough. "Liking” something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something? It's a (n) (40)__________response to millions of other people, whereas you and your thoughts are unique. If we're not careful , perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level. 【答案】 31-40 BKIGA HJFCD 【导读】这篇文章讨论了现代通信方式与面对面交流之间的差异。作者提到了社交媒体的流行以及其对真正沟通的影响。然后作者描述了在没有手机信号和互联网的苏格兰高地度过新年的经历，与其他人面对面交流的重要性。作者认为现有的通信方式不足以在深层次上传达思想和感情，并警告我们不要失去面对面交流的能力。 【解析】 31.B【解析]前一句提到“你也可以把非语言交流加入其中一一当我们什么也没说的时候，我们说了什么”，由But可知这里表转折，也就是说我们在社交媒体上的行为和与他人的交流是有区别的。句意为:“但在社交媒体上对人说话、点赞和分享帖子和交流是有区别(distinction)的”。故选B。distinction.区别。 32.K【解析]结合给出的单词可知只有“texting”属于与他人交流的类别，且可以与Check this blog post、read that article someone shared....,.and answer their question.. . 并列。句意为:“看看这篇博客，读读别人分享的文章，给别人发短信(texting)，回答他们的问题……”。此处需填现在分词非谓语形式，做伴随状语，故选K。texting v.(用手机给某人)发短信。 33.1【解析]此处描述作者处于没有手机带来的“交流”的情况下，结合前一段作者会因不知道如何与人在社交媒体上沟通而烦恼以及给出的单词可推测作者是“震惊的”。句意为:“所以，在苏格兰高地度过新年，没有手机信号、没有互联网，除了和我在一起的人之外，没有任何“交流”，这对我来说是相当令人震惊的(shock)”。故选I。shock n.震惊。 34.G【解析]这12个人里有情侣、朋友、同学,结合所给单词可知此处应填mixture。句意为:“我们一组12人，有情侣也有朋友，只有一个是我的大学同学，所以我第一次认识了一群新朋友”。故选G。mixture n.混杂的事物(人群)。 35.A【解析]结合给出的单词，分析句意可知这里说的是“消化”。句意为:“我们蜷缩在皮沙发上，消化(digesting)晚餐，剖析英国脱欧……”。故选 A。digest v.消化。 36.H【解析]分析选项可知“改变观点”符合语境及逻辑，句意为:“有一个人甚至完全改变了他们的观点(perspective)”，故选H。perspective n.观点;态度;景观。 37.J【解析]a short space of time表示“短时间;一会儿”。句意为:“在这么短的时间里(space)，由于住在彼此相连的小屋里，又有语言上的交流，我觉得与我认识的新朋友和交谈的人比我在平时生活中交流的人要近得多"。故选J。space n.空间:空白。 38.F【解析]现在人们大多用社交软件进行交流，分析选项可知此处句意为:“我不认为我们现在常见的交流方式接近于在一个有很多人的小房子里进行现场(live) 交流”。故选F。live adv.在现场表演(或录制)。39.C【解析]分析选项可知“审视感受和动机”符合语境及逻辑。此处句意为:“Twitter 的简洁，Facebook的炫耀，所有这些方面都导致了一种肤浅的交流形式,无法让你充分审视(examine)自己的感受和动机”。故选C。examine v.检查:审视。 40.D【解析]结合后面的whereas(但是)可知此处为转折关系，可推测前面提到的“点赞”表示人们对事物的反应一致。句意为:“数百万人的反应都是一样的 (identical)，而你和你的想法是独一无二的”。故选 D。identical adj.相同的。 （2022上海春考） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. characteristics B. diverse C. employ D. function E issue F. Integration G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes(原型)of biometric bodysuits.They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their(31)________, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The(32)________ version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier's equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should(33) ______the market within a few years. Fredere Zenhausen, director of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of "Biometric bodysuits" that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such "smart" clothing could (34) __________future soldiers early waning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said "The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and Fuidies (流体学)can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of (35) ______ tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic " he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different(36)____________. Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health is made of clear vinyl(乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fuidic devices. In the future such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or(37) ___________as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors ind patterns , Zenhausern suid. And if could all be made to look stylish by the (38)________of electronics and high-fashion designs , he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has ( 39 ) _____________ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy , an Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard Universally Graduate School of Design , sees possibilities to (40 )__________the technology in building design. As an example , she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管 ) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. 【答案】31-40 KHGEB ADFIC 【详解】 31.K【解析】结合该空前提及的A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes (原型) of biometric bodysuits可知，此处讲述内容与“生物识别紧身衣”相关，再结合相关选项分析，可推知此处想要表述的是“这种衣服可以检测到化学攻击，甚至在体温过高时，可以给他们的穿戴者（wearers）送药物，甚至是香水”，故选K。wearers n.穿用者；佩戴者。 32.H【解析】根据句子结构分析，此处需要填入形容词，再结合该空之后提及的 to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment可知，此处提到了“士兵”，即该空与军队有关，分析选项推知，此处想要表述的是“军用版的（military）Scentsory变色龙连体衣采用了燃料电池，为士兵的装备提供了一种轻质的电源”，故选H。military adj.军事的；军用的；n.军人；军队；武装力量。 33.G【解析】根据句子结构分析，此处should之后应该用动词原形，结合相关选项分析，hit符合文章所要表述的“这两个版本都将在几年内打入市场”，hit the market为固定搭配，意为“冲击市场/打入市场/上市”，故选G。hit v.打；撞击；进攻。 34.E【解析】根据句子结构分析，情态动词could后应填入动词原形，再结合首段提及的They can detect chemical attacks以及该空后提及的early warning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics可推知，此处想要表述的是“这种“智能”服装可以向未来的士兵发出化学攻击的早期警告”，根据相关选项分析，issue有“发出”之意，故选E。issue n.问题；发行；期号；子嗣；v.发布；发出（发表；供给；出版。 35.B【解析】根据句子结构分析，此处需要填入形容词修饰tasks，再结合该空前a wide range of的限制和修饰，可推知，此处想要表述的是“生物识别紧身衣展示了电子和流体技术(流体学) 可以结合到服装中，以执行从高度功能到审美的各种不同的（diverse）任务”，故选B。diverse adj.形形色色的；不同的。 36.A【解析】根据句子结构分析，此处需要填入名词，再结合上文对军用智能服装的表述以及此处对民用智能服装的表述，可推知，此处主要是想表述“民用智能服装存在一些不同的特征（characteristics）”，故选A。characteristics n.特性；特征；独特性。 37.D【解析】根据该空前提及的such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment等相关内容，可知此处主要在说明这一装备所具有的一些功能，再结合句子结构分析，该空处需要填入动词。因此，结合相关选项合上文内容推知，此处想要表述的是“在未来，这样的装备可以诊断疾病，向佩戴者提供药物，监测心率或血压，提供互动游戏和其他形式的娱乐，或作为可穿戴电脑进行工作（function）”，故选D。function n.功能；v. 发挥功能。 38.F【解析】根据句子结构分析，此处需要填入名词，再结合该空之前提及的stylish和该空之后提及的electronics and high-fashion designs可推知，这里想要将两者整合使之变得时尚，即此处想要表述的是“通过电子产品和高级时尚设计的结合（integration），它可以看起来很时尚”，故选F。integration n.结合；整合；一体化。 39.I【解析】结合该空之后提及的far beyond clothing以及下文讲述的关于将这一技术使用于建筑领域当中的可能性，可推知，此处想要表述的是“事实上，在织物中嵌入微电子的概念所拥有的潜力（potential）远不止于服装”，故选I。potential adj.潜在的；n.潜力；可能性。 40.C【解析】根据句子结构，此处需要填入动词原形，结合上文内容以及该段所举的例子As an example, she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power可知，这里讲述了相关技术在建筑领域的运用，即推知此处想要表述的是“她看到了在建筑设计中采用（employ）这项技术的可能性”，故选C。employ v.雇用；采用；利用。 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $