专题2 阅读七选五-【区块练】2021-2025年五年高考真题分类汇编英语

色学科网书城国 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 专题二阅读七选五 Passage 1 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。College Cafe的员工Catherine Murphy每天忙碌工作，用心 为顾客制作饮品、热情交流，她的笑容感染了学生。她以服务他人为宗旨，在岗位上工作17年，用积 极的态度点亮他人的一天。 l.E空前提到“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning?The College Cafe has just that,and more.”,由此可知，College Cafe能在课间提供休息和提神饮品，以及其 他东西。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品而且提供笑容”通过“not only..but)also.”结构，呼应上文 提到地提供休息和提神饮品以及“and more”。 2D空前提到Catherine Murphy在机器间来回走动，制作饮品，空后提到顾客从她手中拿饮品 时，她会微笑问候。D项“完成订单后，她喊出杯上的名字”衔接了制作饮品与交付饮品的动作，符 合工作流程的逻辑，且“calls out the name'”与空后顾客接饮品的场景连贯。 3.C空前提到Murphy每天4：45起床，开车30分钟准时上班，空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制 作咖啡，她知道学生们早上需要咖啡。C项“有时她提前到岗以提前服务学生”，进一步说明她对工 作的投入，与上文呼应，且与下文形成因果关系。 4.F空前提到学生Wright每周至少去咖啡馆6天，空后提到Wright说Catherine的笑容让她心 情愉快。F项“去咖啡馆让她以良好的方式开启一天，为上课做准备”解释了Wght高频去咖啡馆 的原因，空后提到Catherine的笑容对Wright的影响，进一步解释了F项的“starts her day off good'。 5.G空前提到Mupy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打算继续做热爱的事，即继续在咖啡馆工 作。G项“已在此服务17年，她无法想象去其他地方工作”描述了她的工作年限与情感归属，与“喜 欢工作”和“留下”衔接紧密。 Passage 2 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家庭志愿服务的意外益处，包括让人感觉时间更充 裕、对成年人的健康有益、对青少年有终身积极影响及增进家庭互动等。 1B空前以两个提问引出家庭共同活动的需求（寻找使家庭成员凝聚在一起的方式和成员的共 同爱好)。空后指出志愿服务对家庭有意外的积极影响。选项B“家庭志愿服务可能正是你需要的” 直接回应上文提问，并引出下文的志愿服务对家庭的益处，并形成“提问一建议一展开”的逻辑链。 2.G本段主要介绍“你会感觉时间更充裕”这一益处。上文提到“人们总是觉得太忙而无法进 行志愿服务，但研究发现将时间奉献给社区事业实际上让人感觉时间更充裕”。选项G“志愿服务让 你感到有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天”解释了“时间充裕感”的原因，与上文中的研究发现构成 因果关系，符合语境。 3E空后以华盛顿大学研究为例，说明55岁及以上的志愿者比相同年龄的其他人记忆力更好、 整体健康维持更久。选项E“对成年人来说，志愿服务能带来显著的身体健康益处”作为段落主旨句， 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 概括下文研究结论，符合语境。选项E中的“adults”physical health benefits”与下文“adults55 and older' had better memory and maintained overall health longer'"呼应。 4.C空处对应段落指出志愿服务对青少年的积极影响（提升成绩、增强自信、影响未来幸福感）。 选项C“志愿服务对儿童和青少年有终身影响”既点明本段对象kids and teenagers)),又与下文 “These effects aren't just short-term but.in the years to come.”呼应。 5F空前提到一起做志愿活动的家庭会有为共同目标而奋斗的独特体验。空后指出“每个人都 有独特的贡献价值，并以一种新的方式与彼此建立联系”。选项F“你甚至可能发现孩子有你以前不 知道的天赋”是“独特体验”的具体表现，承接上文，并呼应下文提到的每个人的独特贡献价值。 Passage 3 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了沟通中最常见的错误之一一试图传达过多内容， 并给出了一些有助于更有效沟通的实用技巧。 1.C空前一句讲在沟通中最常见的错误之一是试图做得太多，空后讲如果传达的信息无法被清 晰理解，那么进行任何形式的交流都没有价值。空处应该会纠正空前的错误做法，C项“最好的信息 往往是简单的”承上启下，给出了纠正错误的方法，又与空后内容呼应。 2D空后讲“这将激发他们理解信息并与之互动的想法”，这是对空处做法效果的描述，故空 处应该描述某一具体的做法。结合空前一句“当你根据听众的兴趣去输出你的信息时，他们自然会更 感兴趣、更投入”可知，该做法应是讲让你的听众感兴趣的话，D项“直接说对他们重要的事情”符 合语境。 3.G根据空后的“However,they're hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这样的内 容。)”可知，空后内容与空处构成转折关系，应涉及早就知道这些内容的人，G项“作为讲话者，你 已经知道你要说什么了”既涉及早就知道要说的内容，又涉及早知道这些内容的人。且空后的“t”指 代G项中的“what you're going to say”。 4B段落主旨句。分析文本结构并结合其他段落小标题可知，本空考查段落主旨句，应选择一 个祈使句。根据本段的“Ask the audience to contribute their ideas.develop their communication skills.” 可知，本段主要讲要让听众发表他们的想法，让他们在向其他人解释新概念和政策方面发挥作用，允 许他们组织讨论和会议，故B项“让听众参与进来”能概括本段内容。 5F空前一句讲书面沟通的好处，F项“这也将会给他们提供一个方便的记录以便再次查阅” 进一步说明书面沟通的另一个好处，选项中的ls0表明选项与空前一句形成递进关系，且选项中的“Tt 指代空前一句的“Written communication”,“them”指代空前一句的“your audience'”。 Passage 4 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了作者对于写作中拼写和词典使用的看法及自 身的相关习惯等。 l.F根据上文中的“If you want to be published,it's vital to submit a perfect,.professionally 独家授权假权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZXXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 presented manuscript.(如果你想发表作品，提交一份完美的、专业呈现的手稿是至关重要的。)”可知， 此处会讲到完美的、专业呈现的手稿是什么样子的，选项F“那意味着语法不错并且没有拼写错误” 符合语境。所以选F。 2.B根据上文中的“I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker..(我不信任我笔记本电脑的拼写检查程 序。)”可知，此处会讲到不信任的原因，选项B“它不考虑上下文”符合语境。所以选B。 3E段落主旨句。根据下文中的“It should give you a precise definition of each word.how the word is pronounced.(它应该为你提供每个单词的精确定义，从而区分它与其他含义相似但不完全相同 的单词。它通常还会显示单词是如何发音的。)”可知，该段主要讲述了词典不仅仅提供单词的拼写， 还有其他功能。所以选E。 4.A根据下文中的“However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there's nothing better(但是，如果我需要核实某个单词的起源或查找其用法示例，就没有比这更 好的了。)”可知，此处应该讲述作者不怎么使用这本词典。所以选A。 5.D根据下文中的“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟粗略浏览一两页内容可以是一种令人满意的体验。)”可知，选项D“但是，词典 也可以是一种令人愉悦的读物”可以与之构成逻辑上的顺承关系。所以选D。 Passage 5 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了缓解过度旅游的一些具体的方法：谨慎选择、 有创造性、避开高峰期等。 l.B根据空前的“but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations'”可知，旅游快速增长导致某些地区和目的地的过度旅游。再根据空后的“Certainly not..The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world..”可知，在当今世界，失去旅行提供的东 西是无法接受的。由此可推断，空处应该讨论是否停止旅游这项服务。故选B。 2.C本段小标题是“谨慎选择”，再根据空前的“With so many online posts.deeply draws you”可 推知，很多人盲目跟风选择旅游地，只有当目的地的景色、文化或食物真正吸引你时才去。空处在结 尾处，应该紧扣本段标题和空前内容，点出选择旅行应是为自己而不是为别人。故选C。 3.E根据空前的“Though overtourism is described as a problem.That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.”可知，过度旅游只集中在少数非常受欢迎的地方，游客其实还有更 多选择的空间。空后的“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights？”鼓励游客去尝试一些地区性或知名度相对较低的景，点旅游，以此缓解过度旅 游压力。空处应承上启下，涉及游客能选择的其他地方，E项中的“undiscovered places'”符合题意。故 选E。 4.A本文是总(Para.l)一分Para.2至Para.4)一总Para.5)结构，分析第二至四段的段落结构和特 点（祈使句主旨句十内容）可知，本空（位于第四段段首）应是本段主旨句。根据本段中的“skipping major 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 holidays or rush hour'”,“boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower'”可知，本段建议跳过重 大假期或高峰时间旅行。A项“非高峰时间去旅游”精准概括段落大意。故选A。 5.G根据空前的“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place."可知， 尽自己所能去保护旅游地，再根据空后的“You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.”可推断空处应提到如何Do your part,G项“考虑为游览的社区做一些贡献”既解释了上文， 又是下文的原因。故选G。 Passage 6 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章说明在线学习的利与弊。 1.G空前句子表示“在过去的几年中，在线学习已经成为大学经历中的一个重要部分”，而空 后一句用了“But”进行话题的转折，这说明该空是对前一句信息的补充。G项“一项调查发现有29% 的大学生注册了在线课程”，能进一步说明在线学习的地位，故选G。 2F空前是两句问句，表示“但是所有的在线课程都一样吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合 你？”，空后又提到通过采访的形式来获取对在线课程的建议。由此可判断出，该空应该承接前面的 两个问句，并且句意上应该是递进的。选项中有两个问句，C项“你知道在线课程也是你教育的一部 分吗？”，F项“如果你参加在线课程，你能做些什么来确保获得最好的成绩？”，其中F项是对前 面两个问句的进一步补充，符合语境，故选F。 3A空前句“在线学习最明显的好处是你可以随时随地学习”强调了在线学习的自由灵活度， 空后句引用一名大学毕业生的话“我认为很多人忽视的一个点是容易落后于计划”说明在线学习会 容易错过截止日期，因此A项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 4D空前的段首句提到“将在线课程纳入你的每周计划中，就像你在线下课程中所做的一 样”，将在线课程和线下课程进行了比较，而空后句是由“H”开头的一句话，由此可推断出，这里的 代词“H”必定指代该空所提到的某一个具体人物。D项不仅提到了具体的人物，呼应下文，而且也 提到了在线课程和线下课程，D项承接上文。故选D。 5E段落主旨句。根据下文可知，该段是在探讨在线学习存在的一个问题，并且也提到了一名本 科生给出相关建议来缓解这一问题，即可以和朋友一起上在线课程。因此，E项“对在线课程的主要 抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动”可以概括本段，并且其中的human interaction'”呼应本段第二句中的 “social connection”,“complaint”则呼应本段第三句中的“problem”。故选E。 Passage 7 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康的生活方式一要合理饮食。 l.F文章开头提出问题“什么是适度？”，空前两句给出了解释“Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal.but not too full.( 说，适度意味着你的身体需要多少食物，你就只吃多少。用餐结束时你应该感到满足，但不能太饱。)”， 空后又讲到了“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但是这并不意味着你要跟你 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 喜欢的食物说再见。)”，因此空处应承接上文，就适度进行进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。F 项“对我们很多人来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少”与上下文衔接紧密。F项中的“means”与上文的 “means'”和下文的“mean”的呼应也是提示。故选F。 2.C根据本段的主旨句“Take your time'”可知，本段主要围绕“不着急，慢慢来”展开，且空后讲 "It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food,so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.”(你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体它已经摄入了足够 的食物，因此要慢点吃，在你感觉饱之前就停下来。)”，C项“不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽”符合语 境。故选C。 3.E空前讲到了“And be careful about the foods you keep at hand..It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready,.like cookies.(注意你手边的食物。如果你有不健康 的零食随时可食用，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了)，因此空处应也与适度饮食的正确做法 有关。E项“相反，让自己置身于健康的选择中”承接上文，故选E。 4.B空后讲到了“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness,or boredom.(我们中有许多人还借助食物应对不愉快的情绪，比如悲伤、孤独或无聊。)”， 根据“lso”可知，空处应也与人们吃东西的目的有关。B项“我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西”符合 语境，且能引出下文。故选B。 5.A结合空处的位置可知，此处考查的是段落主旨句。根据空后的“A healthy breakfast”,“Avoid eating late at night.""Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning.”可知，本段主要讲的是从早到晚如何合理饮食。A项“全天合理饮食”适合作本段的主旨 句。故选A。 Passage 8 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思 维方式的两类人对于个人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。 l.G根据上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人倾向于给 出肯定的答案。)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中Thy指代 上文中的Hedgehog,G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺 猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 2.C根据上文“They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good t.(他们专注于一件事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么。)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式 的人具备优，点，他们可以专注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚 和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 3.D根据下文“He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes,.but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.( 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 他发现，拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人不仅比拥有‘狐狸’型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情 与他们的预测不相符时他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了。)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺 猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面”引出下 文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备缺点，符合语境。故选D。 4.F根据上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources,and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.( ‘狐狸’型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性 和新信息感到舒适。)”和下文“They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking(他们试图将其纳入自己的观，点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外。)”可知，此处介绍拥有 “狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观，点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当 作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 5.A根据上文“The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.(这个问题可以用‘像孤狸 的刺猬'风格来回答。)”和下文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off.(在 成为拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人还是拥有‘狐狸’型思维方式的人做出选择是一种错误的权衡。 )”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“换句话说， 两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 9 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法。自我原谅的具体方 法包括罗列个人优点、列举自己帮助别人的事迹和让别人帮你指出优点。 lD本文的主题是自我原谅.空前两句和空后一句都没有提到forgiveness,.再结合空后的help you do this'”和下文的内容可知，空处一定会提到forgiveness及它的重要性。故选D。 2.B根据空前的“Personal strengths'和空后的例子可知，B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自 己的特点”承上启下，符合逻辑。 3F空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F项“不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能 有多小，把它写下来”总结上文，符合逻辑。 4.C空前讲述了你可以让朋期友或家人帮你往列表添加东西，C项“他们甚至可能愿意尝试这样 做”承接上文。C项中的They指代前面的“a friend or family member'”。 5.G根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学 习。G项中的“it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后的“We're all changing”形成对比。 Passage 10 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文作者是一个艺术家，作者以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉 丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技巧和建议。 l.C空后一句讲到了“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come”(你会想 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城国 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了多远)，因此空处应该会做一个关于“看什么来回顾”的铺垫， C项中的“your beginner art'”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，故C项符合语境。 2.G空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了“Whether you paint still lifes,portraits,or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible”(无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生)， G项“你将培养出只有重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆”讲到这样做的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语 境。 3.A根据本段的主旨句“Continually challenge yourself to try something new”可知，本段主要围绕 “不断挑战自我去尝试新事物”展开，且空后讲到了“Artistic growth can be a bit painful'(艺术之旅的 成长有时会有些令人痛苦)，A项“走出你的舒适区”符合语境，且能引出下文，故选A。 4.D结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial..They make me feel valued and respected”可知，本段讲到了可以 利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项“分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒 服”适合作本段的主旨句。 5.E空前一句讲到了“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path"(你的旅途不会一路平 坦)，而空后讲到了“Push through,give it time and put in the effort”(坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力)， 这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项“你会遇到障碍，有时 你会感到沮丧”符合语境。 Passage 11 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。室内绿植不仅可以净化空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻 压力和增进记忆力。 1B空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且 空后的but与B项中的Not only在意思上构成递进关系。故选B。 2D上文说在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特别是在冬季，和D项“相反，它们在室 内更温暖的地方长势更好”构成转折关系，符合语境。故选D。 3.C根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别 人的话也应呼应这一主题。故选C。 4E空格位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化 周围的空气，还可以消去一些来自油漆或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项中的和平百合和绿萝正是效果最 好的植物。故选E。 5.G空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点并帮助人们增强 家与自然的联系。故G项“了解每种植物的习性会很有益处”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 12 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。如何成为更有耐心的人。 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 l.G根据空前的“There's one answer”可知，本空要回答前面的问题“What do traffic jams,.long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common？(交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么 共同之处呢？)”。根据文章标题“Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person”和常识可知，这三种情 况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。 2.E本段第一句讲到了Thankfulness has a lot of benefits'"(感恩有很多好处)，空前讲到了一些好 处“it makes us happier,.less stressed and even more optimistic(它让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐 观)”，因此，空处讲到的应该还是好处，且涉及主题“耐心”，故E项“它也可以帮助我们练习更耐心” 符合语境，E项中的also与上句形成了递进关系。 3.B根据空前的“the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice(我们养成等待习 惯的唯一方法就是练习)”可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake'”(把看你最喜欢的节 目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋糕)可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项“从 小任务开始”承上启下，符合语境。 4.C本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances(当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对状况感到 不耐烦)”可知，本段主要围绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项“接受不舒服”适合作 本段的主旨句。 5F本段主要讲到了“接受不舒服”，因此，空处讲到的也是在不舒服的情况下，自己可以给自 己的心理暗示，故F项“This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable(这只是令人不舒服，并不是让人 无法忍受)”符合语境，且能引出下文“You'll then gradually become more patient"(然后，你就会逐渐变 得更加有耐心)。 Passage 13 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了坐长途火车旅行的注意事项。 1D空前的句子提供的信息是“大多数长途火车票，尤其是卧铺票，很快就会卖完”，D项“夏 天旺季的时候尤其如此”符合语境。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的代词That和空后一句中的连词 But,以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。 2.G空前的句子主要陈述代理人能给旅行者带来的好处：可以帮忙订到打折票。选项G则陈述 了另外一个好处：可以帮忙订到离就餐车厢近的车厢。而空后的句子是对选项G的进一步补充：这 样的话你就不需要在移动的火车上每天三次穿过车厢去就餐。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的副词 also和空后一句中的副词Then,以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。 3.C从空后句子中的“in particular'”可以看出，这句话是对空处的进一步解释。选项C“车厢中 的温度经常很难控制”和空后的句子“尤其是夏天，空调会使车厢变得很冷”在逻辑上吻合。 4E空前的句子提供的信息是“很多火车一天只有一个班次，甚至有的火车一周只有三个班次， 独家授权卧权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 所以错过一班车简直是一种灾难”，选项E“如果要坐下一班次的车，你可能得等超过24小时”是对 空前句子的进一步解释。 5.A空后的句子罗列了一些在火车上可以做的事情，比如读书、编织、做填字游戏、看窗外的 风景，甚至计算火车的速度，这些都是需要耐心的活动，所以空处应该起到引出这些活动的作用。A 项“火车旅行不适合没耐心的人”可以很好地实现这一功能。 Passage 14 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 l.D空处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay,put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到l5分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)” 可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all,.learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首 先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。 2.B空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don't worry about grammar or spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空处应说按心里想地写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承 上启下，符合语境，故选B。 3.E空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet,by learning to live with imperfection,you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (paper. 而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts'”和上文的“write your draft'”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会 允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 4.F空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距)copy to allow space for revision..(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。 )”中的“revise和前面的“revision'”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 5.G空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore,you can enter your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你 可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft,again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文 的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 Passage 15 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应 该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。 l.G根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life.Often due to various pressures,.we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样 的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“I is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases..(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗 这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对 我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases..(这使我们 的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases 与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G。 2.B根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body.Similarly,if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健 康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密 不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健 康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B。 3.D根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time.We may not have any disease but still have a weak body,which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们 可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很 虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着 我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我 们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance,.we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文， 引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合 上下文语境。故选D。 4.F根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来 说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年 龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪 些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活 中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F。 独家授权佳吸必究 　 Passage 1 (2025·全国一卷) An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick­me­up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that，and more.__1__ Catherine Murphy，a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat，makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order.She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks.__2__ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand，she smiles and says，“Hello，how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer，she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time.__3__ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said.Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is.She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her.Joanna Wright，a senior political science major，loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.__4__“Catherine always has a huge smile on her face，which always puts me in a cheerful mood，” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe，” Murphy said.__5__ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B.She has two children aged eight and four. C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D.After finishing an order，she calls out the name on the cup. E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks，it also serves up smiles. F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G.She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. Passage 2 (2025·全国二卷) Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? __1__ You may know the “feel­good”emotions that come with helping others，but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. ·You'll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer.Yet，research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it.__2__ ·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. __3__ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. ·__4__ Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self­confidence.These effects aren't just short­term but have been proved to affect a teen's well­being in the years to come. ·You'll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal.__5__ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way.And，there are tasks for every age and ability，so all your children can feel proud of their work. A.Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E.For adults，volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. Passage 3 (2025·浙江卷1月) One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.__1__ There's no value in delivering any kind of communication，whether written，spoken，formal，or informal，if the message doesn't come across clearly.Being clear and brief—while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know—is a high­level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. ·Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.__2__ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. ·Don't use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored.Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.__3__ However，they're hearing it for the first time.Keep it simple. ·__4__ If you've ever worked as an instructor，manager，trainer or coach，you'll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it.Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. ·Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you're communicating isn't urgent，consider sending an email.Written communication will give your audience more time to review it，think it over，and follow up with questions.__5__ Building effective communication skills takes time，but the effects are worth the effort. A.Be patient. B.Get the audience involved. C.The best messages are often simple. D.Speak directly to what matters to them. E.You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F.It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G.As the speaker，you already know what you're going to say. Passage 4 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript(原稿).__1__ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close­by on my desk：dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典).I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.__2__ Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old­fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. __3__ It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition，I have an old two­volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary，picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.Of course，with its 2，672 pages，it's not exactly short.It contains around 163，000 words，plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.__4__ However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull(乏味)work，”wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of“dull”.__5__ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A.I don't often use this dictionary. B.It takes no account of the context. C.But I still don't want to replace them. D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E.Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling. F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. Passage 5 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Overtourism Is For Real：How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.__1__ Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you.__2__ ●Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on over­touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less­visited options to choose from.__3__ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser­known sights? ●__4__ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.You'll compete with fewer tourists，save money，experience a different side of a popular place，and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸).Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.__5__ You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A.Visit during off­peak times. B.So，should we stop traveling? C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then? E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F.You'll find yourself virtually alone，or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. Passage 6 (2024·浙江卷1月) In the past few years，online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.__1__ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you？__2__ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.__3__ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule，”says graduate student Amanda Bindman.Before choosing to study online，consider whether you're a self­motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple：build online courses into your weekly schedule，just like what you would do with in­person courses.__4__ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to let an online course slide，but your grades will suffer as a result.Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures，read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. __5__ A social connection is often a big part of learning.There are things you can do to ease this problem.Jessica Pink，an undergraduate student，suggests taking online courses with a friend，so you can motivate each other to stay on track.You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group，or schedule in­person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A.But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B.Your motivation should be your main concern. C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F.If you take an online course，what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G.A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. Passage 7 (2024·全国甲卷) What is moderation(适度)？Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full.__1__ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time.It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.__2__ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food，so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone，especially in front of the TV or computer，often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready，like cookies.__3__ Control emotional(情绪的)eating.__4__ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions，you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. __5__ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢)，while eating small，healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14－16 hours until breakfast the next morning.Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E.Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices. F.For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now. G.That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. Passage 8 (2024·北京卷) If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.__1__ And they are usually very credible in doing so.According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness.They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good at.__2__ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. __3__ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen.He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.__4__ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don't know. So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.__5__ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade­off.The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A.In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B.They are more likely to remember people's mistakes. C.Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D.But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E.However, hedgehogs remain open to others' reactions and inputs. F.When something is contradictory to their view, they don't treat it as exceptional. G.They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. Passage 9 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. __1__ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”__2__ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be world­changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.__3__ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.__4__That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this — it's a great way to boost self­confidence at any time. It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true.__5__ We' re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A.A little self­forgiveness also goes a long way. B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D.It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. Passage 10 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __1__ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. ·Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.__2__ ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new.__3__ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ·__4__ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you're on won't follow a straight path.__5__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don't throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. Passage 11 (2023·全国乙卷) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.__1__， but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. __2__. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “__3__. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. __4__. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “__5__，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A.All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding Passage 12 (2023·全国甲卷) Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer：__1__. In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.__2__.“Showing thankfulness can foster self­control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.__3__.Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● __4__. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself, “__5__.” You'll then gradually become more patient. A.Find your causes B.Start with small tasks C.Accept the uncomfortable D.All this adds up to a state of hurry E.It can also help us practice more patience F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience Passage 13 (2023·浙江卷1月) With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing.Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead.Most long­distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.__1__ But no matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent.Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double－check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations.A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets.__2__ Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket.When you're riding on trains, you won't be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.__3__ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early.Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.__4__ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun.__5__ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3，600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you're going about 67.92 mph. A.Train trips aren't for impatient types. B.You'll have views from both sides of the train. C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D.That's particularly true during busy summer months. E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F.Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G.He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner. Passage 14 (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. __1__ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. __2__ Don't worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won't work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.__3__ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple­spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. __4__ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. __5__ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A.Make sure your handwriting is neat. B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C.The second draft of the essay should be better. D.First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F.Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise. G.Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple­space. Passage 15 (2022·北京卷) Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life.Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.__1__ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. __2__ We need to be fit to have a healthy body.Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.Health is the state of our body at a given time.We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.__3__ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.__4__ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body.We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day.It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.__5__ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B.Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C.It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D.For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E.If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F.There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G.This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. Passage 16 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”. One reason was：“You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，” while another read：“ __1__ ”With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So，how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person.__2__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won't result in a useful response. __3__ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. __4__ You and your partner will probably have different skills.__5__ Over time, both of you will benefit－your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else. D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information. Passage 17 (2022·全国乙卷) Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain(保持)long­distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long­lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact(联系)and share with one another.With busy schedules，squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.__1__ ·More isn't always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.__2__.There are alternatives to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy(共情) __3__.The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · __4__ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long­distance friendships.Although technology might make day­to­day communication possible，extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don't rely on technology alone __5__，but long­distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it？Just spend face­to­face time together whenever possible. A.Remember important dates B.Compensate by writing letters C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind Passage 18 (2022·全国甲卷) Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.__1__.Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites，always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.__2__. Hands or Utensils(餐具) In India and the Middle East，it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.__3__，instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile，you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests __4__.In Portugal，this would be a serious mistake，because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.Similarly，in Italy，never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in various countries.__5__，the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A.The more friends you make in your lifetime B.The more time you spend in any given country C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal Passage 19 (2022·浙江卷1月) I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.__1__ ·Pick the most important. __2__Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want. ·Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends，family，work，play，etc.__3__Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love. ·__4__ You would think learning takes more time from you，but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. ·Lighten up. The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.__5__Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A.Speed up. B.Be an active learner. C.Stop trying to balance time between them all. D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. Passage 20 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__1__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth­floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn't entirely authentic, though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.__2__ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.__3__ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. __4__ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life.French cafés are always crowded.__5__ When do these people work? The French take their 35­hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A.Not all the customers are tourists. B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. Passage 21 (2021 ·新高考Ⅱ卷) If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine，the speed at which you read—probably does not matter very much.But if you have to read a great deal for study，you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.__1__ ·Before you open the book，make sure that you are comfortable.You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes.__2__ __3__ Look at the table of contents，the preface，the chapter heading，etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it.Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book，decide how much you can read at a time.__4__ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.In the former case you may be able to read a chapter.In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.__5__ Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research.You don't have to write these things in detail.It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder. A.Stop to have a rest now and then. B.Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C.This depends on the type of book you are reading. D.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E.Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F.You may find yourself having to leam something by heart. G.Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. Passage 22 (2021·全国乙卷) According to Jessica Hagy，author of How to Be Interesting，it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. __1__，if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living？”，you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to.__2__，it can bring in “I have this old，broken­down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. __3__ ? If you can't take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).If you're the host，you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.__4__. And what about that other dinner­party killer：awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬).__5__.Just quickly turn around and say，“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard. A.How do you know the host B.The first step is to go exploring C.If you ask the question “How did you get here？” D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F.What about that person who had too much to drink or won't stop talking G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $