专题1 阅读理解 题组5 时事新闻类-【区块练】2021-2025年五年高考真题分类汇编英语

色学科网书城国 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 专题一 题 班级： 阅读理解 组 姓名： 五 学号： 时事新闻类 Passage1(2024新课标l卷) Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read?Yes,we all have our phones,but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed Well,there's a kiosk (for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area,at least. “You enter the fare gates(检票口)and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,"says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as BART."You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story." It's that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March.Some are classic short stories,and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders."We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,Trost says."And as of right now,we've received about 120 submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist..” Ridership on transit (systems across the country has been down the past half century,so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. "At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,"she says. And you'll never be without something to read. 1.Why did BART start the kiosk program? A.To promote the local culture B.To discourage phone use C.To meet passengers'needs. D.To reduce its running costs 2.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A.By popularity B.By length. 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 C.By theme. D.By language. 3.What has Trost been doing recently? A.Organizing a story contest. B.Doing a survey of customers C.Choosing a print publisher D.Conducting interviews with artists. 4.What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? A.It will close down B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide D.Its ridership will increase. Passage2(2024新课标l卷) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code( )that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades'professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart as AI As we soon come to learn from AI by Design,AI is already super-smart and will become more capable,moving from the current generation of"narrow-AI"to Artificial General Intelligence.From there, Campbell says,will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now -several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a "tipping point"in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it. 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 1.What does the phrase "In the wrong hands"in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.If read by someone poorly educated B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic 2.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A.It is packed with complex codes B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style C.It provides step-by-step instructions. D.It is intended for AI professionals. 3.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. Passage3(2023·浙江卷1月) According to the Solar Energy Industries Association,the number of solar panels installed()has grown rapidly in the past decade,and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals But all of that growth will take up a lot of space,and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy,few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible,so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them.Often,they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.The result is that many communities,especially in farming regions,see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. "Solar projects need to be good neighbors,says Jordan Macknick,the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project."They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy."InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to "low-impact"solar development,which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 is kinder to the land.One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators( 昆虫) Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,cities-and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators,resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. "These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape,"says Macknick. 1.What do solar developers often ignore? A.The decline in the demand for solar energy B.The negative impact of installing solar panels. C.The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D.The most recent advances in solar technology. 2.What does InSPIRE aim to do? A.Improve the productivity of local farms B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 3.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To conserve pollinators. B.To restrict solar development. C.To diversify the economy. D.To ensure the supply of energy 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Pollinators:To Leave or to Stay B.Solar Energy:Hope for the Future C.InSPIRE:A Leader in Agriculture D.Solar Farms:A New Development Passage4(2022·新高考I川卷) Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers,and public service campaigns 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城圆 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem,by just about any measure,appears to be getting worse.Americans are still texting while driving,as well as using social networks and taking photos.Road accidents,which had fallen for years,are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more,but Mark Rosekind,the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,said distracted(driving was"only increasing,unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas."he said in a speech last month,referring broadly to the need to improve road safety.So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior,lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach:They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer.It would work like this:An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,"said Felix W.Ortiz,who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 1.Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers'texting in the US? A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary. C.Inconsistent D.Unfair 2.What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A.Where a driver came from. B.Whether a driver used their phone. C.How fast a driver was going. D.When a driver arrived at the scene. 3.What does the underlined word "something"in the last paragraph refer to? A.Advice. B.Data C.Tests. D.Laws. 4.What is a suitable title for the text? A.To Drive or Not to Drive?Think Before You Start B.Texting and Driving?Watch Out for the Textalyzer C.New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. 独家授权食权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 D.The Next Generation Cell Phone:The Textalyzer. Passage5(2022新高考1卷) The elderly residents (in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old.Ruth Xavier.She said:"I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school." "I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed." "It's good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I'm enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have done something useful." There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project, said:"Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here." Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:"We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities." 1.What is the purpose of the project? A.To ensure harmony in care homes. B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C.To raise money for medical research. D.To promote the elderly people's welfare 2.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A.She has learned new life skills B.She has gained a sense of achievement. C.She has recovered her memory. D.She has developed a strong personality 3.What do the underlined words "embark on"mean in paragraph 7? A.Improve. B.Oppose. 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 C.Begin. D.Evaluate. 4.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A.It is well received. B.It needs to be more creative. C.It is highly profitable D.It takes ages to see the results. 独家授权侵权必究·色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 题组五时事新闻类 Passage 1 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了旧金山湾区捷运系统的首席通讯官艾丽西亚· 特罗斯特根据车站乘客的需求启动阅读亭项目，以便改善乘客的体验。 l.C推理判断题。题千中的kiosk在第二段“there's a kiosk for that'”中首次出现，句中的“that”指 代文章第一段中的but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed”,即很多人仍然 喜欢选择传统方式，读一些印刷的东西。所以为了满足乘客需求，BART启动了阅读亭项目，故选C。 2B细节理解题根据文章第三段中的“it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,ora five-minute story”和“You choose which length you want'”可知，你可以根据自己想要的长度选择l分 钟、3分钟或者5分钟阅读时长的故事，即阅读亭里的故事是按长度分类的，故选B。 3.A细节理解题根据文章第五段中的“we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest'”和“as of right now,we've received about 120 submissions”可知，特罗斯特号召艺术家们 提交故事参加比赛，并且目前为止收到了大约120份参赛作品，所以她是在组织故事比赛，故选A。 4.D观点态度题。根据第七段内容“Trost thinks so.”和第八段中的“o I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories'”可知，特罗斯特完全相信他们会因为短故事收获更多乘客， 故选D。 Passage 2 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了英国人工智能专家卡特里奥娜，坎贝尔的2022 年度畅销书AI by Design:APl1 an for Lwving with Artificial Intelligence。.书中探讨了当前人工智能的发 展趋势和即将到来的人工智能革命，呼吁技术公司和世界领袖应与人工智能专家们达成共识、携手共 进、共同面对。 l.C词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable”可知，坎贝尔有二十多年的专业经 验，她能将令人头晕的东西转化为容易理解的东西。由此可见，画线的“In the wrong hands”指的应该 是如果换一个能力不如坎贝尔的人来写这本书，competent“足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的”。A项 “如果被受教育程度低的人阅读”；B项“如果被怀有恶意的人评论”；C项“如果被不那么称职 的人来写”：D项“如果被不适合做学术的人来翻译”。故选C。 2.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She writes from the practical angle of a business person.a guide which is highly accessible and informative”可知，她从一个商人的实际角度来写作，使得这本书成 为一本非常易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此可见，这本书的写作风格非常务实，故选B。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence'和第四段中的“Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it." 独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城国 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 可知，坎贝尔建议让人工智能的发展处于控制下，并呼吁技术公司、世界领袖和人工智能专家携手应 对，故C项正确 4.A写作目的题。根据最后一段“AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it.”并结合全文可知，本文主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜坎贝尔的书AI by Design:A Plan for Lioing with Artificial Intelligence。A项“推荐一本关于人工智能的书”；B项“简述人工智 能的历史”；C项“阐明人工智能的定义”：D项“向一位杰出的人工智能专家致敬”。故选A。 Passage 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着太阳能的普及，越来越多的太阳能电池板被 安装在各个社区，这一举动不可避免地给环境，尤其是农业环境，带来消极影响。 1B细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，太阳能开发者们往往想要尽快安装更多的太阳能电池 板，所以他们不太考虑如何处理电池板下的环境。他们往往会在下面放一些碎石，而且用除草剂除草， 这给环境带来了破坏。所以B项“安装太阳能电池板的消极影响”符合题意。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的InSPIRE is investigating...to the land”可知，InSPIRE项目 正在寻求一种对环境影响小的发展太阳能的方式，力求做到“对土地友好”。所以C项“使太阳能 项目环保”符合题意。 3A细节理解题。本题问“第四段中提到的法律的目的是什么？”根据第四段第二句可知，有 超过28个州通过了与传粉昆虫栖息地保护和杀虫剂使用有关的法律，所以A项“保护传粉昆虫”符 合题意 4D主旨大意题。文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题：太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业 环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案：建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介 绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文，关键词应该是solar farms,.所以D 项是最佳选项。 Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的 问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信监控器)的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用 了手机。 l.A推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers,and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.(在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务 活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。)”以及第二段中“Yet the problem,by just about any measure,appears to be getting worse.(然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶 化。)”可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越 糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。 独家授权权必究 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 2.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.( 技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。)”可知， Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B选项意 为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。 3.D词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior, (我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西)”可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文 If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said,"people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.(他说，‘如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，’人们会更害怕拿起手机。)”可知，人们的行为会 改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用 手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 4B主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的 方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“That is partly because people are driving more.(部分原因是开车的人越来越多)”可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四 段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监 控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的 法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving?Watch Out for the Textalyzer(发 短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。)适合文章的标题。故选B。 Passage 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。 l.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing(该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤 独，提高老年人福祉水平)”可知，这个项目的目的是提高老年人的幸福。故选D。 2.B推理判断题。根据文章第五段可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故选B。 3.C词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. 目的想法和创意非常受居民的欢迎。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。)”以及画 线处前的“one of the first(第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，画线处的 含义与C项：“Begin(开始)”含义相近。故选C。 4,A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段和最后一段可知，该项目的反响很好。故选A。 +独家授权侵权必究。 色学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ·独家授权侵叔必究·