第二部分 第三、四讲 续写情节构建 续写衔接、点题-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学案（人教版）

about nature,and I've found three poems.Could you be kind enough to newspaper is scheduled to hold a writing competition,whose theme is help me choose the most suitable one?Besides,I hope you could also "Hand in Hand,Save the Food". give me some advice on how to recite it. Anyone in our school interested in the competition is welcome to I would be very grateful if you could offer me some help.Looking:participate.Entries should consist of an original piece of writing with forward to hearing from you soon! 400 words or fewer.They should be related to the theme and show how Yours sincerely we can contribute to saving food.Please mail your entry to our email Li Hua! address englishpaper@hotmail.com by January 31 and the result will 七、演讲稿 激情洋溢，畅所欲言 be published on May 1,2024. Looking forward to your active participation and creative writings. 演练提能 参考范文： 第二部分 读后续写 Good morning,everyone. Many teachers have taught me in my life but I think Miss Green is i the most respectable one. 第二讲续写文本解读 Miss Green teaches us English,who I think is smart and pretty. When I was in You can always see a smile on her face.She goes to school early and -,1.I,my social studies teacher,my older sister middle school in middle school goes back home late.She is helpful and patient.She is always ready to help students in need.She teaches English well.She tries her best to i 2.my social studies teacher I (a middle school student)my older sister make her lessons interesting.With her help we have made great 二、I.my teacher asked me to enter a writing contest→my teacher progress in English.She is not only a good teacher but also our close encouraged me to have a try-I chose a subject and began to write friend,playing with us after class and sharing little secrets with us. Miss Green loves us and is loved by us.We will respect her resistant-→*willing to do→persistent-→enjoyable forever. !3.1When I was in middle school,my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. 八、倡议书一发现问题，呼吁行动 2My family came from Brazil,so English was only my second 演练提能 language. 参考范文： 3Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a try. Say No to Phubbing 4When I finally finished it,the thought of winning had given way to With the wide use of the mobile phone,phubbers can be seen the enjoyment of writing.If I didn't win,I wouldn't care. everywhere-at home,in the office,on the bus,and on the street. 第三讲 续写情节构建 Those so-called phubbers usually lower their heads looking at their smartphones and ignore whatever happens around them.Needless to 第一节 拟定续写框架 say,it's bad manners to neglect your friends or family members around you.What's worse,phubbing can be dangerous.For example,if you 【情节设计】 stare at your phone while crossing the street,chances are that accidents 1.I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. may happen. My fellow students,it's time to raise your head and pay attention 2.As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the to people around you.Look at them,talk to them,and care about challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. them.After all,you should live in real life instead of virtual life. 二、作者鼓励David继续完成比赛→David经过激烈的心理斗争→ The Students'Union 最终决定参加比赛Dvid开始参赛→虽然中途遇到困难仍 然坚持到最后，完成比赛 九、投稿—抓住时机，直抒胸臆 第二节 续写情节优化 演练提能 参考范文： :【续写分析】 The impact of technology on our lives i1.(1)Did we share our ideas with each other? The impact of technology on our lives is profound,with both (2)Would that boy like to accept my opinions? benefits and drawbacks.Technology has greatly improved our efficiency, (3)What should I do when he ignored my advice? allowed for global communication,and enhanced our entertainment (4)How would I feel when he ignored my advice? options.It has revolutionized the way we communicate,learn,work, 2.(1)How would I feel when I got the news that he was admitted to and entertain ourselves.However,it has also led to issues such as eye hospital for a serious disease? strain,addiction,and privacy concerns.Balanced use is crucial to (2)Did I go to the hospital to see him? maximize its benefits as well as minimize its negative impacts.We must (3)How would he feel when he saw me in his ward? prioritize real-world interactions,protect our privacy,and ensure that (4)How did we do the project from then on? technology does not overshadow our daily lives. (5)Was the project completed on time? (6)Was the teacher satisfied with our project? 十、报道—所见所闻，客观陈述 (7)What did we learn from the project? 演练提能 第五讲续写语言提升 参考范文： A climbing event to celebrate the New Year 词汇升级 To welcome the new year,our school hosted a climbing activity on 第一节 New Year's Day 即时训练1 The climb began at 10 a.m.and lasted for an hour and a half. 1.selfish 2.merely 3.exhausted desperate 4.hurriedly We took part in a launching ceremony at the Happy Valley gate to5.event/experience war up before the climb began.We wrote our New Year's wishes on即时训练2 red ribbons and tied them to trees along the way,Reaching the top,wei1.More often than not 2.with regard to 3.burst into tears 4.Bear got a bird's-eye view of the entire resort. in mind 5.catch sight of 6.of importance 7.appeals to As"climbing high"symbolizes growth and new accomplishments ini8.worn out Chinese culture,the event helped demonstrate the spirit of "striving upward"and express our wishes for a happy and prosperous 2025. 第二节句式升级 十一、通知—提前告知，周全准备 即时训练1 : I.1.A wave of delight seized me 演练提能 2.a look of disappointment passed over/spread across/flashed her face 参考范文： 3.deprived him of his power of speech prevented him from speaking Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition words failed him To raise students'awareness of saving food,our school English 4.blood passed over/rushed to my head 646二、深层文本解读 1.把握两大线索 情节线 情感线 2.明确故事主旨 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的 时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作 一、浅层信息获取 者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老 1.抓住记叙文的六要素 师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中 人物 虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终 完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在 时间 乎输赢了。本文主题体现了立德树人的精神，彰显 地点 了人性的光辉。 3.抓住伏笔与铺垫 my social studies teacher asked me to enter a 起因 ①老师让我参加作文大赛： writing contest 452 Encouraged by my teacher,Chose a subject and began 2026 经过 ②我的英语是第二语言： to write 年 结果 2.厘清人物关系 ③受到老师的鼓励去参赛： 新 计 主要人物及关系 (1) (2) ④以平静心态对待输赢： 衡中学案 次要人物 第三讲 续写情节构建 第一节拟定续写框架 做读后续写题时，对所给文本后面的故事情节 二、研读两首句，巧构思框架 及故事结尾的推断是写好读后续写的前提。高考所 1.两段首句定一框 给的读后续写形式是半开放性的，这种形式既可以 所给第一段的首句既能承接上文，也是本段的 让考生充分发挥想象力，又能让考生有章可循。考起始句，由第二段的首句可以推测第一段的结尾内 生在推测后续情节时一般根据两个方面：第一是所 容。通过这两段首句可以大体推断第一段的内容。 给文章的情节，特别是伏笔之处；第二是所给每段的 2.二框二首正能量 首句。 由第二段的首句可以预测第二段的内容，尤其 一、捕捉续写点，妙照应衔接 注意结尾一定是圆满的、皆大欢喜的内容或者正能 量的结局。由此可以推断第二段的主要情节。 利用捕捉和对应的手法，找到原文设置的伏笔， 【典例示范】 合理推测照应续写的段落，以使续写段落在语言、逻 (2022·新高考I卷) 辑和内容上符合原文基调。 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语 续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.. I looked around and finally spotted David,who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.He was small for ten years old.His usual big toothy smile was absent today.I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. 【情节设计】 What was wrong?He had worked so hard for this 一、捕捉续写点，妙照应衔接 event！ 利用捕捉和对应的手法，找到原文设置的伏笔： I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach 1.大卫想放弃比赛： and asked him what had happened."I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,"he explained uncomfortably."I gave him the choice to run or not,and let him decide." 2.“我”对大卫的处境表示理解，但是赞赏他的 I bit back my frustration(懊恼).I knew the coach 决心和毅力： meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted,I turned to find him coming towards me,his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. 二、研读两首句，巧构思框架 轮总复 David had a brain disease which prevented him 根据给出的第一段首句“We sat down next to from walking or running like other children,but at each other,but David wouldn't look at me." 英 school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. 们坐在一起，但是David并没有看我。由此可见， 语 He always participated to the best of his ability in David此刻很煎熬。这一段可以描写主人公对David whatever they were doing.That was why none of the 心情的理解，用语言安慰和鼓励David,最终David children thought it unusual that David had decided to 态度的变化。 join the cross-country team.It just took him longer- 根据给出的第二段首句“I watched as David that's all.David had not missed a single practice,and moved up to the starting line with the other runners." 453 although he always finished his run long after the other 可知，David来到了起跑线上，准备和其他同学一起 children,he did always finish.As a special education 参赛。上一段最后的情节需要和第二段首句呼应， teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges 描写David战胜了自己，改变了主意，决定继续参 David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 赛。第二段需要描写David跑步时的场景，David 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 的努力，观众们的反应，比赛最终的结果，David的 We sat down next to each other,but David 心情，主人公的心情。 第一段：We sat down next to each other,but wouldn't look at me. David wouldn't look at me. 情节构思： 第二段：I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. 情节构思： I watched as David moved up to the starting line 【范文赏读】 with the other runners. We sat down next to each other,but David wouldn't look at me.Staring at David,"You never with the other runners.The race started.It was difficult miss a single practice,and I firmly believe that you will for the young to run so long a distance,not to mention finish your run if you bravely face this challenge,"I David with a brain disease.However,David kept said gently.He took a relaxed breath."The reason running as he practiced again and again,though he was why you should show up is that you have made full out of breath within a few kilometers.He always picked preparations for this event,"I added in a sincere himself up again and continued his running.To our voice.At my words,with tears rolling down his delight,David reached the finish line and won a medal cheeks,David turned to me and firmly expressed his for his persistence.It was his strong determination determination to finish the cross-country run. that made a difference. I watched as David moved up to the starting line 第二节续写情节优化 读后续写中的情节设计不能天马行空、脱离题probably make him fail to get an A in the course.He 目给定的前文和两段首句。我们必须依据情节发展wasn't mean or abusive;he just gave me the impression 和常识，在给定的框架内，可按“所见、所闻、所说、所that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better 思、所做”或从环境、心理、动作、语言和情感等五个if he did it alone. 方面着手，每段写5至8个句子，丰富情节内容，推 Needless to say,I didn't look forward to an entire 动问题的解决。 term of being brushed off,but I tried to make the best 1.所见：环境描写/人物描写/神情描写 of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make 细致刻画文中主人公看到了什么，描写所看到things worse. 454 的景象：环境、人物和神情等。 The project required each team to develop a 2.所闻/所说：语言描写 hypothesis(假说)，set up an experiment to test the 026 即文中人物说了什么，描写文中主人公和其他hypothesis,do the statistical analysis and present the 年 人物的对话。 findings.Whatever grade the team received would be 度 创 3.所思：心理描写 shared by both students. 新 即文中人物心里想了什么，描写文中主人公心 When my teammate and I met to discuss our 计 理活动。 project,I was uneasy.Here was this challenging student 4.所做：动作描写 who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good 衡 即文中人物做了什么，细致刻画描写文中人物grades-一the exact opposite of me.I actually wanted to 学 的动作。 drop the class at one point,but stopped short because I 【典例示范】 didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening (2022·1月浙江卷改编) out.I decided to stick to it no matter what. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语 After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a 续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 study on the psychological well-being of teenagers.I When Dr.Henderson was assigning (wasn't sure what it meant exactly,but at least we had a project mates for his psychology class,I secretly hoped topic. that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 classmate I could have some fun with.Above all,I We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.As fate()would have it,Dr.Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself.He looked at me as though I weren't there.I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital当的动作描写、心理描写和一些高级表达，用上适当 for a serious disease. 的过渡词语，就组成一篇完整的文章了。 【范文赏读】 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully, I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back (所思：心理描写).I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it's OK to do this way or that way(所做：动作描写).I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views,so I didn't 【续写分析】 want to waste our time to discuss(所思：心理描写).I 利用“五所”设问，丰富续写内容 just hoped that the presentation day could come earlier. 1.第一段我们可以大胆设问： One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital (1) for a serious disease.I felt so sorry to hear that and I (2) thought I should visit him in any case(所思：心理描 (3) )He was a little surprised to see me when I (4) stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits 根据这四个问题，第一段就有内容可写了。 (所见、所做：神情和动作描写).I offered to do the 2.第二段我们可以大胆设问： rest work of our project and he invited me to share 局 (1) my ideas to perfect it.We began to work as a fine (2) team and finally finished our project on time(所做： (3) 动作描写).Our hard work paid off and Dr.Henderson (4) was very satisfied with our wonderful findings.From 习 (5) this project,we also learned the significance of 英 (6) teammates(所思：心理描写).Just as the saying goes, (7) one person can go far,but a group of persons can travel 这样，根据设问，整理答案，适当扩充，再运用恰 farther. 第四讲 续写衔接、点题 一、写好四句，3句衔接与主旨升华 写第二段的首句主语一致可以作为续写第一段的最 1.四个顺畅呼应，进行有效衔接 后一句的宾语。但无论如何要保持语义连贯一致。 (1)续写首句与给出的首段首句的衔接： 2.衔接过渡语的常用句式 (2)续写首段尾句与给出的次段首句的衔接； (1)形容词（短语）作状语 (3)给出的次段首句与续写次段首句的衔接； With everything ready,Bernard started out on his (4)文章结尾升华与文章主题意义的衔接。 new business.Anxious and full of expectation,he took 2.围绕“真善美”，传递正能量 the popcorn around to the houses and began to sell his 续写故事的内容一定要传递正能量，围绕“真善popcorn. 美”的大主题设计情节，弘扬社会主义核心价值观， 一切准备就绪后，伯纳德开始着手他的新生意。 因此续写结尾要按此进行主旨升华。 既焦虑又满怀期待，他拿着爆米花挨家挨户地开始 二、3句衔接语与主旨升华的常用方法和句式 售卖。 1.做好衔接的基本方法 (2)非谓语动词作状语 (1)提示句的主语继续成为续写的第一句的 (2022·新高考I卷)We sat down next to each 主语 other,but David wouldn't look at me.Seeing his face (2)提示句的某个关键词成为一个新的主语 filled with anxiety,I felt sad,deciding to talk (3)续写第一段的最后一句的主语和续写第二 something with him. 段的首句主语一致，使得段落连贯一致 我们紧挨着坐了下来，但大卫不愿看我。看 [点拨]根据情况以上规则可以灵活变通，如续着他那充满焦虑的脸，我感到很难过，决定和他 说点什么。 看到标枪，我觉得它好像在鼓励我，并说，“你找 (3)倒装句衔接 到了你的天赋，我找到了你。” As the twins looked around them in (3)运用修辞法 disappointment,their father appeared.In no time did DI quickly took out the camera and photographed their father seem to understand exactly what had the rare scene-we were robbed by a polar bear. happened and what to do next. 我迅速拿出相机，拍下了这一罕见的场景 当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现 我们被一只北极熊抢劫了。 了。他们的父亲似乎很快就明白了到底发生了什么 2That affection towards our family is like a touch 事，下一步该怎么办。 of green tea,refreshing and heartwarming. (4)介词短语或副词作状语衔接 那份对我们家人的感情像一杯清茶，沁人心脾， (2023·新高考I卷)A few weeks later,when I温暖人心。 almost forgot the contest,there came the news.Much (4)首尾呼应法 to my surprise/Surprisingly,I beat a lot of DA funny thing happened to Arthur when he was participants and won the first prize. on the way to work one day. 几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了 一天，在亚瑟上班的路上发生了一件有趣的事情。 消息。令我吃惊的是，我打败了很多参赛者，获得了 ②What a funny day！Arthur couldn't stop 第一名。 laughing whenever he looked back on this happy (5)对话或者独白衔接 experience (2023·新高考I卷)I went to my teacher''s office 多么有趣的一天啊！每当亚瑟想起这次欢乐的 after the award presentation."Congratulations! 经历，他就忍不住笑个不停。 456 Your efforts paid off!",said he smilingly. (5)感悟体会法 颁奖典礼结束后，我去了老师的办公室。“祝贺 ①(2024·潍坊市五县市高三10月统考)From 026 你！你的努力得到了回报！”他微笑着说。 the experience,I was fully aware of the responsibility 年 (6)状语从句衔接 and great value as a doctor,which,therefore,inspired 度 创 (2023·新高考I卷)I went to my teacher's office me to continue to pursue my dream. 新 after the award presentation.The minute I stepped in, 从这些经验中，我充分意识到作为一名医生的 计 he laughed out loud again as has had before,and said责任和巨大的价值，因此，这激发了我继续追求我的 衡 “Congratulations!” 梦想。 中 颁奖典礼结束后，我去了老师的办公室。我 2I held the paper bag tightly,tears rolling down 学 进门，他又像以前一样大笑起来，说“祝贺你！” without control.It is love that makes the world go 3.主旨升华的常用方法和句式 around,which I felt deep in my heart. 6种主旨升华的方法 我紧紧地握着纸袋，眼泪禁不住流了下来。正 (1)名言结尾法 是爱让这世界转动，在我心里深深感受到了这一点。 需要注意的是：不可生搬硬套名言警句，一定要 (6)画面定格法 具体文本，具体分析。 ①The children said loudly,“Happy Mother's ①(2022·1月浙江卷)Just as the saying goes,Day！”Mother hugged them tightly and kissed them one person can go far,but a group of persons can travel again and again. farther 孩子们大声说：“母亲节快乐！”妈妈紧紧地拥 正如俗话说，一个人可以走得很远，但一群人可抱着他们，一次又一次地吻着他们。 以走得更远。 2In the evening,Dad came back.I proudly took 2Just as the saying puts,"Where there is a out my own money and handed it to Dad. will,there is a way."Now I couldn't agree more. 那天晚上，爸爸回来了。我骄傲地拿出了我自 正如俗话所说，“有志者，事竟成。”现在我完全己的钱，递给了爸爸。 同意。 5种常用句式 (2)情感升华法 (1)only引起的倒装句 Seeing the javelin,I felt as if it had been DOnly then did I realize that it was bravery that encouraging me and saying,"You've found your talent can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way. andI've found you..” 直到那时我才意识到，正是勇敢才能克服前进 道路上的一切困难。 walked across the stage at high school graduation. 2Only when we open up the door of our heart Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home can we be bathed in the brilliant sunshine and enjoy shooting baskets,hitting a baseball,or throwing a the warmth of love. football,preparing for my future as a quarterback on a 只有当我们打开心门，我们才能沐浴在灿烂的 football team.In poor weather,I read about sports or 阳光下享受爱的温暖。 practiced my trombone(长号). (2)强调句型 The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a It was a simple knot and an understanding group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in heart that saved me from the awkward situation. his field.He explained our basic task,the tractor fired 正是这一个简单的绳结和一颗善解人意的心将up and we were off,riding down the field looking for 我从尴尬中拯救出来。 weeds to spray with chemicals.After a short way,the (3)From then on+表行动的句子 farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed. DFrom then on,I made up my mind to pass on Then we began again.This happened over and over,but “love”to others.. we soon learned to identify different grasses like 从那以后，我下定决心向别人传递“爱”。 cockleburs,lamb's-quarters,foxtails,and the king of 2From that day on,every time I meet someone weeds,the pretty purple thistle.It was tiring work,but who needs help,I always reach out to them,hoping to I looked forward to the pay,even though I wasn't sure pass on the kindness that Mexican family offered me. how much it would amount to. 从那天起，每当我遇到需要帮助的人，我总是伸 At home,my dad said,"A job's a big step to 出手去帮助他们，希望把墨西哥家庭给予我的善良 growing up.I'm glad you will be contributing to the 考 传递下去。 household."My dad's words made me realize that my (4)Sometimes+表感悟类的句子 earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished. DSometimes,a moment of kindness could mean My labors lasted about two weeks,and the farmer so much to another,and that a simple act could make said there might be more work,but I wasn't interested. 英 the world so much better. I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my 语 有时候，那一刻的善良对另一个人来说意义重 money. 大，而一个简单的行为可以使世界变得如此美好。 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 2Sometimes a small act of kindness may be When I brought my paycheck home-it was powerful enough to make a huge difference. $119-my dad wanted to talk to me. 有时候一个小小的善举可能会产生巨大的影响。 457 (5)综合型组合公式：结果+难忘的经历+ 体悟 I thought about what had just happened.What I was eager to utter was that it was such an exceedingly memorable experience that I would never forget. 我想了想刚才发生的事。我急切想说的是，这 是一次极其难忘的经历，我永远不会忘记。 【典例示范】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语 续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was surprised that my dad allowed me to use the My dad,George,only had an eighth grade money as I wished. education.A quiet man,he didn't understand my world of school activities.From age 14,he worked.And his dad,Albert,took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses. I didn't really understand his world either:He was a livestock trucker,and I thought that I would surpass (超过)anything he had accomplished by the time I but to pay family expense like you."At that,my dad nodded and let me keep the money(与第二段首句 主语一致) I was surprised that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished.Staring at my confused expression 【范文赏读】 (分词作状语衔接)，my dad explained:“Though I When I brought my paycheck home-it was $119- can't understand your world of school activities,still I my dad wanted to talk to me..Obviously(副词作状语衔 will stand by you".Moved by the touching words )my dad would try to persuade me to contribute all and seeing his increasingly hunching back,I felt a my earning.It's never fair.I thought in my mind sense of guilt and selfishness welled up in my mind hopelessly,grabbing the money tightly in my and surged through myself.At exactly that moment,I sweating fist.After a long silence,he didn't ask as realized why my father let me have the money-it was expected,instead,he gently said"How do you plan to his expectation for my future,his encouragement and spend the money from the farmer?"Without any quiet love.It was this unique experience that made hesitation,the following words popped out,"There are many things I wanted,such as a new football,,a调句型). me realize I would never surpass his love for me( baseball bat and a pair of sneakers and so on,anything 第五讲续写语言提升 (对应学生用书学案P) 由读后续写评分原则可知，读后续写作文对词汇应用的丰富性、准确性都做出了明确的要求。文中除 了要准确使用词汇外，也要注意所用词汇的丰富性：减少基础词汇（如笼统词、低年级常用词等）的使用，培 026 养使用复杂词汇（如具体词、派生词、短语等）的习惯，从而使文章内容更加生动、丰富，提升文章档次。 年 第一节词汇升级 创 新 常用词汇升级方法如下： 无法展现小狗对主人的友好，不符合句子的语境。 基础用法 高级用法 按照词性进行划分，常用的笼统词变具体词示 计 低年级学习的词语 高年级学习的词语 例如下： 中 笼统的词语（如walk) 具体的词语（如tiptoe,wander等） 名词 学 笼统词 单词（如visit) 短语（如pay a visit to) 具体词 business(事情)，issue(问题)，affair(事件)， thing 单词原形（如happy) 单词的派生词（如happily, matter(事态)，event((大事)，trifle(琐事) happiness等) virtue(优点；长处)，merit(优点；价值)， 就读后续写来说，最主要的升级方法是笼统词 advantage benefit(优势：益处） 变具体词和单词变短语。 shortcoming(缺点；短处)，drawback(缺点； 类型1笼统词变具体词 disadvantage 不利条件)，demerit(短处》 笼统词指一些描述范围较大、指向信息不明确 climax(极点；顶点)，peak(顶峰)，summit 的词语，而具体词往往是这类词语的具体描述。笼 top (最高点；顶点) 统词变具体词可以使叙述的内容更加准确，行文更 加生动。 method(方法；办法)，approach(方式；方 way 法)，avenue(途径；手段) As soon as the puppy heard his footsteps,it ran towards him. 形容词和副词 一听到他的脚步声，波比就朝他跑了过来。 笼统词 具体词 如果将句中的ran改为darted(飞奔，像飞镖 handsome(英俊的)，attractive(吸引人的)， beautiful 样射出去)，可以更准确地表现出小狗激动的情绪， graceful(优雅的)，ine(精美的) 使读者产生更直接的观感，这是笼统词变具体词的 excited(兴奋的)，pleasant(愉快的)，joyful glad 一大好处。但是在使用的时候也需要注意用词是否 (欢喜的) 符合语境，如上句中，若将run改为sprint((冲刺)，则