2025年江苏高三模考专题汇编 阅读理解

江苏省高三模考专题 --- 阅读理解 24-25 南京金陵中学、海安高级中学、宿迁中学 高三下 4月联考 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Theater is a big part of what makes New York shine. This city is full of talent that even the youngest can appreciate, and at the best Broadway shows, everyone in your crew will be interested. The Lion King There’s a reason Simba’s story continues to draw in crowds year after year: It’s an amazing production with amazing sets and a moving score. Seeing The Lion King live is something like a ceremony for New York kids. Unconvinced? Ask the 100 million+ audience members worldwide who’ve seen the performance. Ages 8 and up. Wicked Based on novelist Gregory Maguire’s 1995 adult variation on L. Frank Baum’s The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Wicked shows what happened before the events in the children’s book. The musical addresses complex themes, such as standards of beauty and morality. While children five and up are permitted in the theater, little ones might be afraid of the flying monkeys. Ages 8 and up. Six On a concert stage, backed by an all-female band, the six wives of Tudor Dynasty Henry VIII air their complaints in the form of modern pop. The queens sing their heads off, and the audience loses its mind. Some of the stories are pretty dark, but the girl-power dance moves will make older kids excited. Ages 10 and up. Come from Away One of the more unlikely musicals on Broadway is an excellent choice for the family: Come from Away is the tense but human e story of an airport in Gander, Newfoundland, where 38 planes and more than 6,000 passengers were forced to land on September 11, 2001. It raises big topics, but in such a way that invites thoughtful discussion. Ages 10 and up. 21. Which musical combines royal history with modern art form? A. The Lion King. B. Wicked. C. Six. D. Come from Away. 22. What do we know about Come from Away? A. It features female dancers and singers. B. It leaves much room for deep thinking. C. It includes standards of beauty and morality. D. It stresses harmony between human and nature. 23. Who is the text intended for? A. Musical talents. B. Tourist guides. C. Parents and their children. D. Teachers and their students. B ①The afternoon air was thick and warm, and by the time my dad and I reached the bay, which we called a swimming palace, my clothes were damp and itchy (痒) on my skin. Dad dived into a splash, heading out toward the edge of our narrow bay. Overwhelmed, suddenly, and with envy, I did what I hadn’t done in years: I held my breath and pulled my own head underwater. ②There, suspended beneath the glimmering surface, I remembered it all — my love of diving, swimming, rivers and lakes. I knew what it was like again: to be free and fully present in my own skin. ③Though I’ve always loved the water, I had spent seven years prior to that day staying away from moments like this one. I was afraid. Struggling for a long time with unhelpful treatments, and the pressures of teenage girls’ appearance, I had become entirely reliant on my makeup. I needed total control over how I looked, and going swimming meant washing this control away. My bare face and natural appearance were not something I identified with. I hated it, deeply, though I wished more than anything that I didn’t. ④But those 10 minutes of contentment I floated within were fuel for the next chapter of my life. Suddenly, it didn’t matter how I did it. Whether through medication or mental attitude, I would find a way to have the kind of life that allowed me to dive into the water. ⑤That day was the beginning of a slow but determined journey back to my own body — a slow unearthing of my deep self-consciousness. Life didn’t change in a heartbeat: I returned to the shore with all the same fears, but I clothed myself in a new determination to change things. I felt the tide turn. ⑥Reflecting on this moment again today, it seems strange to think that going bare-faced on an empty beach was such a challenge. But this is exactly the perspective I had once dreamed of reaching. I do my best never to take for granted this freedom I have found. I will sink under the surface of the water, embracing that swell of fear and joy and liberation. 24. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. My father’s action inspired me. B. I once suffered from memory loss. C. My envy prevented me from diving. D. The bay was where I learned swimming. 25. The author avoided swimming for seven years because of ______ . A. pressure from independence B. treatment for mental illness C. inconvenience of making up D. insecurity about appearance 26. How did the author feel after she returned from the diving? A. Hesitant and fearful. B. Restless but joyful. C. Proud and contented. D. Afraid but resolute. 27. What message does the author want to convey in the passage? A. Do not judge a book by its cover. B. Self-acceptance is the greatest gift. C. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. D. Nothing is difficult to a willing heart. C ①For much of history, the practice of art was mysterious, and artists were viewed as being somewhat odd and often mad. Even the word most commonly associated with artists — inspiration — has its own magical qualities. Literally, the word “inspiration” means the breathing-in of a spirit. Artists were thought of as people who were uniquely inspired to create. ②Many artists credited their talents to the presence of some supernatural power. The Romantic poets believed that art was a term that meant an ultimate expression of beauty and truth. The search for this ideal led them to explore both natural and supernatural themes in their works. ③Another persistent view of art regarded its divorce from logic. Reason and logic were the province of scientists and philosophers, whereas creativity and insight were the area of the artists. The two separate aspects of the mind were supposed to remain distinct. ④But in 1704, a major breakthrough occurred. Sir Isaac Newton, mathematician and physicist, published his study of light, Opticks. One of Newton’s major discoveries was on the nature of color. Using a prism (棱镜), Newton provided a scientific explanation for the presence of rainbows. The artistic community was shocked. A scientist had ventured into their sacred territory. ⑤More than a hundred years later, John Keats, one of the most famous Romantic poets, accused Newton of reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbow”. His colleague, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, famously remarked that the souls of five hundred Newtons would be needed to make one Shakespeare. And yet, from another perspective, Newton did not reduce the beauty of the rainbow; he enhanced it. In his search to uncover the secrets of the rainbow, Newton demonstrated the wonder, creativity, and inspiration of an artist. His discovery also paved the way for the development of spectroscopy, a way of analyzing the chemical makeup of light. Now scientists can look at the stars and know their composition. The sense of wonder this ability creates is not much different from the wonder the poet or artist feels when staring at those same stars. 28. According to the passage, what was the common view of artists in history? A. Their works focused on the supernatural. B. Their unique abilities came from within. C. They possessed both logic and magic. D. They were strange but indeed gifted. 29. How did the Romantic poets react to Newton’s discovery about light and color? A. They credited Newton’s insights to mystical influences. B. They felt it faded the poetic beauty of natural phenomena. C. They were inspired to integrate more scientific themes in their poetry. D. They believed it added a new dimension to the appreciation of beauty. 30. Why does the author mention John Keats’ and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s views on Newton? A. To contrast their criticism with science’s artistic value. B. To highlight the effect of scientific breakthroughs on art. C. To show Romantic poets’ objection to scientific progress. D. To emphasize the superior creativity of poets over scientists. 31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Distinguishing Art from Science B. Isaac Newton’s Influence on Arts C. Shared Wonder of Art and Science D. The Artistic Interpretation of Science D ①During WWII, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, The curriculum (课程) designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare. ②Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries. ③For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. But it is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasoning sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. ④In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education—teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change. ⑤Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. ⑥Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance. 32. The book-theft case is mentioned in paragraph 2 to illustrate symbolic logic’s ______ . A. economical benefits B. basic principles C. cultural significance D. social influences 33. Why does Gray Wenger insist that symbolic logic be taught to all students? A. It cultivates automatic reasoning. B. It facilitates excellent debating. C. It enhances a natural sense of math. D. It justifies the income of citizens. 34. Armed with symbolic logic, people should be able to ______. A. tell between separate incidents B. solve complex puzzles quickly C. question the nature of education D. challenge the claims falsely made 35. The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ______. A. acceptable as there are alternative classes to compensate B. unfulfilling but will naturally evolve without interference C. disappointing due to unwillingness to set a specific course D. questionable for people chance its integration into education 苏锡常镇一模 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The World’s Most Striking Tourist Destinations Adventurers, grab your passports because there’s nothing relaxing about these holiday spots. Half Dome,Yosemite National Park,USA The 1500-metre climb to the top of Half Dome is the most difficult of Yosemite Valley’s day hikes, and it’s the last 120 meters that are the most dangerous. While there are ladder-like metal cables (缆绳) to help you reach the summit without rock climbing equipment, falling off them could be deadly. Cliffs of Moher, Ireland With breathtaking views of the Aran Islands and Galway Bay, the Cliffs of Moher is one of Ireland’s most popular tourist attractions. However, it’s also one of the most dangerous, and one misstep at the edge could result in a 213-metre fall into the Atlantic. The safest way to experience the beauty of the cliffs is from the official path or one of three viewing platforms. Mount Everest, Nepal Visiting Mount Everest attracts around 1200 climbers each year. However, only about half ever reach the summit, and a few will die trying, according to the New York Times. By now, there have been 304 deaths, according to alanarnette.com. Trift Bridge, Switzerland Believe it or not, the Trift Bridge in the Swiss Alps Mountains is much safer than it looks. Still, acrophobes (恐高者) will likely want to avoid this dangerous man-made spot. At 90 metres high and 170 metres long, the Trift Bridge is one of the longest and highest pedestrian suspension bridges in the Alps, requiring three cable car rides to reach it. 21. Where can you enjoy the sight of sea? A. At Half Dome. B. At Cliffs of Moher. C. At Mount Everest. D. At Trift Bridge. 22. What can we know about Mount Everest? A. It has three viewing platforms. B. There are cables helping climbers up. C. It has claimed at least 300 lives so far. D. About 600 climbers have ever reached its summit. 23. Which of the following can describe all the four places? A. They are all natural scenic spots. B. They are all dangerous scenic spots. C. Tourists must do much rock climbing in each place. D. Tourists must use climbing equipment in each place. B Nadine Grimm’s A Grammar of Gyeli opens with a moving quote honoring ancestors: “For our ancestors who have left us - may we keep their wisdom.” This sets the tone for her study of the Gyeli language in Ngòló, a small village in southern Cameroon, rich in culture and hidden knowledge. In her prize-winning work, Grimm displays the essence of the Gyeli language, spoken by the Bagyeli people, who are sometimes called “Pygmies.” The grammatical description, which is presented in a form-to-function approach, covers all levels of language, ranging from Gyeli speech sounds to its information structure and complex sentences. Her path to studying African languages began by chance during her Bachelor’s degree in General Linguistics and French. She had an unexpected opportunity to work with a professor in Nigeria, which led to her first African language conference and started her interest in African languages. Grimm’s research includes deep fieldwork, such as recording conversations and joining in everyday activities with the Bagyeli. At first, she used assistants to communicate due to language barriers, but as her understanding grew, she began talking directly with the speakers. This method differs from traditional ones, focusing on real language use rather than simple word-for-word translations. The importance of reference grammars like Grimm’s becomes clear in light of the global problem of disappearing languages. With 50-90% of the world’s languages at risk, documenting languages like Gyeli is essential. “When languages die, we lose entire knowledge systems,” Grimm says. Her work not only records the Gyeli language but also adds to the understanding of endangered Bantu languages in general. It represents one of the most comprehensive descriptions of a northwestern Bantu language. For her efforts, Grimm was awarded the 2023 Bloomfield Book Award from the Linguistic Society of America. A single Bloomfield Book award is made annually to recognize “a volume that makes an outstanding contribution of long-term value to the understanding of language and linguistics.” Grimm’s work was praised for adding audio and video recordings that improve reliability in language research. 24. Why did Grimm write A Grammar of Gyeli? A. To keep a knowledge system. B. To honor her ancestors. C. To record the tone of Gyeli. D. To satisfy her interest in languages. 25. What do we know about the Gyeli language? A. It is endangered. B. It is simple in structure. C. It has to be studied in a form-to-function approach. D. It functions differently from other Bantu languages. 26. Why does the author mention Bantu languages? A. To highlight their importance. B. To illustrate the problem of disappearing languages. C. To emphasize the urgency of protecting them. D. To demonstrate the value of Grimm’s study. 27. What contributed most to the success of Grimm’s research? A. Her work with a professor in Nigeria. B. Her ability in learning a new language. C. Her relationship with the Bagyeli people. D. Her unique and reliable research method. C Intensity exercises often get praised for their role in preventing illnesses like high blood pressure, heart disease, and Type 2 diabetes-not to mention their mental health benefits. But there’s a common mistake: the more intense the exercise, the better the benefits. A recent research shows that low-to-moderate (低到中等的) intensity exercise, such as Zone 2 training, maybe just as-or even more-effective for improving health and endurance (持久力). Exercise intensity is often broken down into five separate heart rate zones, each representing a different percentage of your maximum heart rate. Zone 2, which falls between 60 to 70 percent of a person’s maximum heart rate, is “your all-day pace”. Theoretically, it’s at such a low intensity that you can keep going and going. This kind of exercise offers a unique advantage：it's just below the lactate threshold (乳酸阈值) the point where lactate-an essential energy source-builds up in the blood faster than it can be removed. As exercise intensity increases beyond Zone 2, the body’s energy demands shift to favor a lactate-producing system over a lactate-consuming one. At these higher intensities, carbohydrate (碳水化合物) use increases as a rapid fuel source while fat burning slows down. Zone 2 exercises can provide a competitive advantage for endurance athletes, as fat is more readily available as an energy source than sugars. “If you are able to use fat as an energy source when you are exercising, you are going to reduce your reliance on sugar stores,” says Holmer, an exercise scientist. It also improves endurance by increasing the body’s ability to use a more efficient way for longer periods of exercise. For people just starting a fitness routine, Zone 2 training has some additional benefits, the major one being that it is sustainable. Zone 2 training can be done at a moderate pace, leaving a person feeling better the next day and ready to go again. In contrast, over-reliance on high-intensity training can lead to quicker burnout and longer recovery times. “Exercise doesn’t have to hurt,” Holmer says. 28. How can we describe “your all-day pace” in paragraph 2? A. Sustainable. B. Difficult. C. Unchanged. D. Unrealistic. 29. Which of the following happens when Zone 2 training is done? A. The burning of fat slows down. B. The use of carbohydrate is enhanced. C. Lactate is removed faster than it is built up. D. The lactate-producing system is favored. 30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. How Zone 2 training benefits endurance. B. Whether Zone 2 training is good to athletes. C. What is used as energy sources for Zone 2 exercises. D. Why a more efficient way is used for Zone 2 exercises. 31. What does Holmer suggest starters do by saying “Exercise doesn’t have to hurt”? A. Stop doing too much Zone 2 training. B. Stop doing high-intensity training. C. Do training at a moderate pace. D. Do less exercise to avoid hurting themselves. D “Digital switching” is a term refers to the modern habit of swiping (刷) through and fast-forwarding online videos. Researchers from Canada did some exploration of it. Kay Y.Y.Tam, a psychology researcher, launched the study after noticing herself — and pretty much everyone else — swiping through online videos. This behavior was connected with the “Boredom Feedback Model”, a theory she had published in 2021. Boredom, she proposed, is rooted in attention shifts. These shifts often occur when there’s a gap between how engaged people actually feel and how engaged they want to feel. The unpleasant emotion can develop when a situation lacks novelty or meaning. “As digital switching involves frequent attention shifts, I wondered how this behavior might influence our feelings of boredom,” Tam said. In her study, more than 1,200 participants, many of them university students, first watched a single video for ten minutes. They were then presented with seven shorter videos, with the option to skip to the next. On average, they skipped eight times — but reported feeling more bored and less engaged when they watched the single video. Participants had a similar experience in another similar experiment. “I’m convinced that switching, when it comes to videos, is not a good idea if the goal is to have an enjoyable experience,” said Erin Westgate, a professor of psychology. “Sitting and toughing it out is likely a better choice.” The new findings add to a growing body of evidence that boredom is on the rise, despite a world filled with content we can access at all times. People who are bored often turn to their phones, only to feel more bored. Swiping on social media has also been linked to increased feelings of boredom. Boredom can motivate people to explore their environment and to stop investing time in an activity that has little to offer. However, if we rely too much on quick escapes, it would be like an animal jumping from tree to tree in search of food without staying long enough to see if a tree bears fruit. That animal risks starvation. 32. What is the cause of attention shifts according to Tam’s theory? A. The feeling of boredom. B. The unsatisfied desire. C. The degree of engagement. D. The lack of emotion. 33. What does Tam’s study of “digital switching” focus on? A. Its reason. B. Its consequence. C. The theory behind it. D. The solution to it. 34. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To solve a problem. B. To make a suggestion. C. To raise a question. D. To give a warning. 35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Digital Switching: the End of Endless Boredom B. Digital Switching: the Result of Endless Boredom C. Digital Switching: the Trap of Endless Boredom D. Digital Switching: the Root of Endless Boredom 苏锡常镇二模 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Adoption Events: What to expect Adoption events held by Lucky Dog Animal Rescue provide the best way for you to meet multiple animals at once. As soon as you arrive, be sure to check in with the adoption table to confirm the animals you are interested in are still available, and be sure to arrive early. Attending an adoption event can be stressful, but we promise to help you find the ideal family member. Join us in our commitment to adopt, don't shop, and discover the joy that comes with welcoming a new four-legged family member into your home. When and where are Adoption Events? Lucky Dog Animal Rescue hosts adoption events weekly on Saturdays from 12-2PM and Sundays from 12-3PM.Lucky Dog's adoption events move around the DC metro area and are held at partner pet stores and other locations. All event time and locations can be found on our calendar. Is there anything I need to bring? If you are not pre-approved, please be sure to bring(1)your rent contract if you rent so we can confirm you are allowed pets(TIP: we may need to speak to your landlord so please have them ready for your call);and (2)pet health records to demonstrate your current animal's health care history and/or the status (状况) of any animals owned within the last 3-5 years. 1. What should you do upon arriving at an adoption event? A. Attend rescue animal training. B. Design an adoption application form. C. Confirm availability of desired animals. D. Contact your landlord for approval. 2. How often does Lucky Dog Animal Rescue host adoption events? A. Every weekday. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month. D. Every other week. 3. What might be the primary goal of Lucky Dog Animal Rescue? A. To sell pet products. B. To promote animal health. C. To train new pet owners. D. To encourage pet adoption. B Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures. Recently, a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way. Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online. The incident occurred in Saskatoon, one of Canada's largest cities, with a growing Chinese community. Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him. Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock. With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu. He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese, “Is this sour pickle (泡菜) soup hot?” The waitress replied, “Yes, a little bit spicy.” Cali, who works as an English teacher, was fine with mild spice, replying, “Oh, I just want to order one.” When she asked about his other food preferences, he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles. The waitress then listed the restaurant's six types of noodles, including three round and three flat varieties. Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in Chinese, requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish's preparation to help him order. After some thought, he chose the thinnest of the round noodles. Curious about his language skills, Cali then asked, “Can you understand me?” and waited eagerly for her response. The waitress confirmed she could, leaving Cali visibly moved. The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous (自发的) moment without any forced emotion. 4. How did the waitress feel at Cali's greeting in Chinese? A. Surprised. B. Confused. C. Annoyed. D. Uninterested. 5. What may have impressed the audience most in Cali's video? A. The Chinese food. B. The Chinese language. C. His genuine use of Chinese. D. His knowledge of Chinese noodles. 6. What can we learn from Cali's conversation with the waitress? A. He was eager to practice Chinese. B. He struggled with mild spicy food. C. He turned down her offer of help. D. He found it effortless to discuss the menu. 7. What does the article mainly talk about? A. Language barriers of dining out. B. The challenges of learning Chinese. C. A heartwarming cultural exchange. D. The importance of being communicative. C “If your skin is getting older, you are getting older, so be careful,” says Claudia Cavadas at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Could our fight to remove wrinkles help restore youth both inside and out? As skin ages, more and more cells enter a lifeless state called senescence (衰老). As time marches on, the mechanisms (机制) for clearing senescent cells out start to decline and they build up in tissues. This is bad news. The build-up of these cells has been shown to be a direct cause of some of the conditions that are generally more common in older age. To support her assumption around wrinkles driving whole-body ageing, Cavadas is planning to test experimental drugs on animal models of aged skin. “The evidence is still fragile, but, in a year, we will have experimental data” she says. Whether resisting skin ageing resists whole-body ageing will need to be seen. But there is another good reason to slow down skin ageing at least. Aged skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do, says a plastic surgeon. Its barrier functions weaken, wounds are slower to heal (康复), sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened. How about anti-wrinkle creams? At present, there is limited evidence that they are genuine anti-ageing treatments. We do, however, have one method for preventing skin ageing: sunscreen, which absorbs UV rays before they do damage to the skin. It is never too soon to start. Even though the first visible signs of skin ageing usually don’t appear until our mid-20s, the potential processes are under way much earlier. Apparently, wrinkle treatment should no longer be seen as a “skin-deep” thing, but as a vital part of staying biologically young and healthy. Everyone should pay attention to that, because we all have skin in this game. 8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The definition of senescence. B. The causes of skin ageing. C. The process of cell declining. D. The consequences of skin ageing. 9. What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Artificial. B. Considerable. C. Insubstantial. D. Convincing. 10. Which is a disadvantage of the aged skin? A. It tends to be sensitive to touches. B. The cut on it recovers quickly. C. The barrier functions work poorly. D. It stops guarding against diseases. 11. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Anti-wrinkle creams are quite useful. B. Wrinkle treatment is important to health. C. Sunscreen may pose potential risk to the skin. D. Wrinkle treatment is a practice proven skin-deep. D Powered by the enthusiasm of fans, many stars are emphasizing sustainability in their tours and live events. In many parts of the world, summer calendars are packed with music festivals. But on 25 August, Act 1.5, one of such shows, tried to be something different. Advertised as a “climate action accelerator (加速器)”, it showed the cooperation between a band called Massive Attack and scientists at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of Manchester, UK, to reduce carbon emissions (排放) in the live music industry. Such efforts are much needed. In 2010, researchers estimated that the UK music industry produced some 540, 000 tonnes of greenhouse-gas emissions annually. Live music accounted for 74%of that. Those figures are likely to have risen. Many in the music industry are advocating ever more loudly on sustainability. Radiohead, Coldplay, and Billie Eilish are just some of the famous Western stars who have declared initiatives to make live events more sustainable. These initiatives have not always met with the approval of climate campaigners. One common criticism is that stars’ advocacy often focuses on the actions of individual fans. When it comes to high-energy aspects of touring, such as stage power requirements and artists’ travel, their preferred solution is often to find alternative ways to cancel out impact, rather than reducing emissions directly. However, it is heartening to see that some real change has already been achieved. In 2023, for the first time, the long-running Glastonbury Festival in the United Kingdom was powered only by fossil-fuel-free (非化石燃料) energy. In June 2024, Coldplay announced that direct emissions from its current world tour were almost 60%lower than those of its 2016-17 stadium tour. Historically, music has played a key part in social movements. The industry now has the chance to be a role model for real change. A 2022 report by researchers at the University of Glasgow, UK, found that music fans are more likely to care about climate change than non-music fans. So, the change will come when it is driven by those highest up in the music industry and backed by good science. 12. What makes the Act 1.5 music event special? A. Demonstrating a different musical style. B. Promoting the cooperation between bands. C. Funding scientific research on climate. D. Taking green actions based on science. 13. What is the purpose of listing data in the third paragraph? A. To highlight the UK music industry’s success. B. To indicate the challenges in the UK music industry. C. To criticize the rising costs of the UK music festivals. D. To stress the emission impact of the UK music industry. 14. Why do climate campaigners sometimes disapprove of stars’ advocacy? A. It emphasizes reducing artists’ travel emission. B. It focuses on fans cutting down emissions. C. It prefers to use fossil-fuel-free energy. D. It ignores the action of individual fans. 15. What is the author’s attitude to the music industry addressing climate issues? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Critical. 南京，盐城一模 3月 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A This coffee cup is a high-quality product designed for coffee lovers. It is made with great attention to detail to enhance your coffee-drinking experience. Material The cup is made of high-quality ceramic. Ceramic is known for its ability to maintain heat well, keeping your coffee warm for a longer period. It also gives a smooth and pleasant touch when you hold the cup. The handle is firmly attached to the cup. It is made of the same ceramic material, ensuring durability and a seamless (无缝的) look. Design ◆The coffee cup has a standard capacity of 300ml. This size is perfect for a regular cup of coffee, whether it is a latte (拿铁), espresso, or cappuccino. ◆The cup has a classic round shape. The opening is wide enough for easy sipping and also allows the pleasant smell to be fully released. Usage Instructions ◆Before using the coffee cup for the first time, it is recommended to wash it with warm water and mild cleaner. ◆When pouring coffee into the cup, be careful not to overfill it. ◆After use, wash the cup instantly. It is dishwasher-safe, but hand-washing can also be used to extend its lifespan (使用寿命). Maintenance ◆Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example, do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break. ◆Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place. 1. Which section can readers refer to for storage requirements? A. Material. B. Design. C. Usage Instructions. D. Maintenance. 2. What do we know about the cup’s material? A. It is sensitive to mild cleaner. B. It has properties of absorbing heat. C. It helps smooth the holder’s hand skin. D. It is subject to sudden temperature changes. 3. What is the text? A. A product report. B. A user guide. C. A cup advertisement. D. A coffee recipe. B Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller (婴儿车) Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. From the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC's appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, "How are you feeling?" Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy (孕期), also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother's Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father's Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn't expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about "being honest and sharing". 4. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers' emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers' vital role in childcare. 5. What makes DSSC appealing? A. Parenting instructions. B. Good childcare service. C. Supportive atmosphere. D. Diverse member backgrounds. 6. Why is the May event mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To illustrate another aim of DSSC. B. To justify the founder's personal experience. C. To stress the importance of DSSC. D. To show an ideal husband-wife relationship. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. DSSC's influence on its members. C. The necessity to identify weaknesses. D. Bridgewater's devotion to fatherhood. C Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. “It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain, which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans (扫描),” says Joseph DeSouza, author of the study. “These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey. Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson’s disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson’s program at Canada’s National Ballet School, along with family members or caregivers. Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months, progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more. The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), a brain region linked to depression. They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. The researchers found that after each dance class, reported depression rates dropped, and the effect was increasing from class to class, with significant improvements after 8 months. “We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression,” says DeSouza. “Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms (症状) appear.” Dance is thought to have a double benefit, with music activating the brain’s reward centers, and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits. DeSouza, dancing with participants for 14 years, says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson’s disease by itself, the benefits are clear. “We’re not trying to cure it with dance,” he says. “What we’re trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life. This goes for both the patients, and their families that take care of them.” 8. What do we know about the results of the two detection methods? A. They fall short of expectations. B. They are more accurate than before. C. They are distinct from each other. D. They show consistent conclusions. 9. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By referring to previous studies. B. By making pre-post comparisons. C. By employing computer modeling. D. By conducting drug experiments. 10. What did the researchers find about the SCG? A. It is in charge of motor system. B. It can be measured by the GDS. C. Dancing slows down its functioning. D. Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. Dancing Away Parkinson’s Blues B. Dancing: Multiple Benefits To Be Seen C. Dancing With Your Mood Circuits D. Dancing: A Journey To Mental Well-being D Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 12. What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 13. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 14. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C. Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 15. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C. AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 南京二模 5月 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead! The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. Choosing the Right Shows Pick shows that match your interests. The Northeast offers classic flower displays. Northwest exhibitions highlight native species. Southwest shows focus on desert plants. Check show dates carefully. Some run for just a day or weekend, while others last a week or more. Think about what you want to see most. Ticketing and Entrance Fees Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. Some shows have multi-day passes if you want to visit more than once. Prices vary by show and location. VIP or preview night tickets often cost more but give you early access. Some shows include free workshops with admission. Travel Tips If you’re flying, compare prices at different airports. Some cities have multiple options. Rental cars give you freedom to explore, but parking can be tricky at show venues. Volunteering Opportunities Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills. Many events need volunteers to greet guests, answer questions, or help with setting up the exhibitions. Check show websites or social media to find out how to sign up. Volunteering often comes with free entry and behind-the-scenes access. It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. 1. What might be a benefit of buying tickets early? A. Reduced prices. B. Multi-day admission. C. Flexible show dates. D. Guaranteed free workshops. 2. Being a volunteer of the events, you can ________. A. run a social media account B. enjoy free Internet service C. approve exhibit layouts D. develop your social ties 3. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To attract exhibition volunteers. B. To sell flowers and plants. C. To share information on garden events. D. To offer practical tips for travelers. B ①Anyone who has ever been around a cat for any length of time well knows cats have great patience. Yikes! My cat changed a lot recently. In just a week or so, my calm, adorable, long-haired Rusty turned into the attack cat of the century! It was not what I needed at all! Wasn’t the rest of my life in enough chaos? Changes at work. Changes in relationships. I already felt as if my entire world was falling apart. Nothing calmed my cat down either. He ran and dove in every direction. He broke every single rule we had ever had to keep peace in the home we shared. He’d turned into a cat I’d never met before! Finally, I took Rusty to the vet. After careful examination, the vet shook his head, “Not a thing wrong with him, Miss. He’s doing great.” ②“No,” I argued with anger, “he’s not great. He’s absolutely awful.” I almost burst into tears. ③Then the vet asked the most insightful question that anyone had ever asked me — at least, anytime recently. “So,” said my cat’s kindhearted vet, “how has your life been going lately?” Shock shot through me. “Me?” I stared at him, essentially speechless, ready to throw myself into his cat-cradling arms. I managed a relatively coherent response. “Not so good,” I admitted. ④The kindly cat doctor nodded and replied, “Just what I suspected. Often, the human-to-cat bond is so powerful that a perfectly healthy cat will act out in response to his human’s emotional stresses.” ⑤I nodded along, thinking. “Yes. yes. yes. yes. yes!” ⑥“Do your best,” our doctor told us both, “to be calm, patient and kind. Once you’re doing better, then Rusty will do better, too.” ⑦That day turned us around. I got some good, professional treatment for my super stressors. ⑧Rusty got a kinder, gentler me with more ear touches and back petting. 24. Why did the author take Rusty to the vet? A. He suffered heavy hair loss. B. He lost his sense of direction. C. He became unusually wild. D. He showed temporary inactivity. 25. The author nearly cried because she thought ________. A. the vet announced good news B. the vet didn’t find the problem C. the vet didn’t express sympathy D. the vet drew an awful conclusion 26. What does the underlined sentence imply? A. The author felt understood by the vet B. The author was impatient with the vet. C. The author favored the treatment for Rusty. D. The author knew Rusty was to recover soon. 27. How did the author feel after visiting the vet? A. Relieved and calm. B. Amused and proud. C. Motivated and passionate. D. Grateful and determined. C ①A father told his son that he should not accept the Theory of Evolution just because he leaned about it in Biology class at school. He went on to say that he is teaching his son to think critically. But he isn’t. ②Many people assume that critical thinking refers to questioning and criticizing in the more negative sense of the word. If they are rejecting what they are told by experts, they falsely believe that they are thinking critically. This is not uncommon. Many people claim that everything is just someone’s opinion and no one is actually right or wrong. They believe they are thinking critically when they’re actually doing the very opposite. ③There are many definitions of critical thinking. To put simply, it refers to identifying and evaluating arguments, finding inconsistencies in arguments, problem solving, and thinking about our own beliefs and why we hold them. ④Diane Halpern, author of Thought &Knowledge, uses this definition: “Critical thinkers are able to change their mind or the conclusion that they reached, when new information warrants such a change.” ⑤A closed-minded person responds negatively when presented with new ideas that challenge their existing beliefs. These are the people who insist that even an expert's opinion is no better than anyone else’s. In contrast, an open-minded person suspends judgment. They seek out more information, including information that goes against beliefs they currently hold. They review the evidence that’s available and are always open to new ways of thinking. They consider all options and insist on finding a solution. ⑥So you need to ask questions and be open-minded about the answers. You need to know how to do research and look for reliable sources. You have to think about your own thinking and question why you hold the beliefs you do. Be aware of the pre-set ideas you bring to the argument, and learn to evaluate evidence. 28. Why does the author mention the father-son example in paragraph 1? A. To promote the practice of critical thinking. B. To criticize the current education system. C. To present a widespread misconception. D. To introduce an innovative idea. 29. What does the underlined word “warrants” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Justifies. B. Matches. C. Transforms. D. Identifies. 30. How are open-minded people different from the closed-minded? A. They respect expert authority. B. They internalize their own beliefs. C. They keep an option-solution balance. D. They resist the urge to judge prematurely. 31. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. How to evaluate evidence. B. The process of critical thinking. C. How to become a critical thinker. D. The benefits of being open-minded. D This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t. To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. That’s true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth — or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 32. What are parents fooled into thinking? A. SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B. The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C. Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D. Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 33. What is a consequence of grade inflation? A. Employers favor students with higher degrees. B. Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations. C. Remedial classes become required courses in college. D. Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Tough graders desire job security. B. Strict grading promotes real learning. C. Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D. Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 35. What is the best title of the text? A. The game of scores B. Today, Grade A is for average C. The force behind grade inflation D. Now, learning takes the front seat 苏北7市二模 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the snow begins to melt away into a distant memory, be sure to head outdoors this spring. Before the peak summer crowds roll in, you can explore unique scenic spots without the overwhelming rush of tourists. Several destinations around the globe are especially notable for their breathtaking spring offerings. Puebla This city in central Mexico attracts visitors with its UNESCO-recognized historic structures. Spring marks the final few months of Puebla's dry season and temperatures average around 21℃ —just right for wandering through the city's main square, or admiring baroque architecture like Capilla del Rosario. Machu Picchu Spring is a time of transition (过渡) at Machu Picchu. Tourists looking for ideal weather can book a trip in May, the beginning of this Peruvian heritage site's dry season. No matter when you visit, you’ll be glad you have come as you set eyes on the 600-year-old Inca Citadel, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Yellowstone National Park As the snowfall starts to slow down, baby animals emerge in Yellowstone, making this national park an excellent place to spot wildlife in spring. Tourists can hike on the lower elevation (高度) trails that open in April and May, while those who love mammals can keep their eyes peeled forbears coming out of hibernation with their cubs. Arches National Park You’ll be comfortable while exploring the park’s2,000 arches or biking along its scenic paved roads. If you're willing to risk a cold front, you can avoid the crowds during a March trip. During the peak months of April and May, all park visitors will need a reservation to enter — an easy trade — off for perfect weather and seeing desert blooms sprout. 21. What is the advantage of travelling in spring? A. There are fewer crowds. B. Tourists will feel more secure. C. More tourist sites are available. D. It's fun to enjoy the last days of snow. 22. Which destination is suitable for animal lovers? A. Puebla. B. Machu Picchu. C. Yellowstone National Park. D. Arches National Park. 23. What are visitors expected to do when visiting Arches National Park in April? A. Trade tickets for blooms. B. Wear thick clothes. C. Secure an entry reservation. D. Cycle in cold weather. B Soon after Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little patch of land, they faced a major problem — a plague of birds fed on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped on the road outside their house, and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple credit this man, the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it's among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species——nearly double the number found in all of Europe —— within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves, benefiting not just the birds, but the country's economy too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists —work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn't our only motivation,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’ s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since 2005, Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve. At first, things didn't go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife—and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. 24. What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A. Photographing the birds. B. Coexisting with the birds. C. Protecting their precious crops. D. Taking care of their property. 25. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. How Ecuador is geographically unique. B. What distinguishes Ecuador's biodiversity. C. What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D. How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 26. What have the Ajila family achieved? A. Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B. Combining profitability with sustainability. C. Applying new technology in modern farming. D. Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 27. What can we learn from Ángel Paz's story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It takes time to bear fruit. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. The secret to success is adaptability. C In a world where tech companies often compete to create the next productivity tool, a new device is breaking away from the pack. Meet Friend: a new wearable AI companion that you wear around your neck. The small device records your every word and interaction and responds accordingly by text. They cost $99 and are expected to ship out in early 2025. The device comes at a time when loneliness and social isolation (孤独) are at record highs. Studies indicate that 61% of young people in the U.S. suffer from serious loneliness, a statistic that reveals a growing mental health crisis. While AI reshapes all the ways we interact in jobs, healthcare and entertainment — more and more people report feeling socially isolated, Schiffmann, Meet Friend's founder, sees it differently: the device isn't a replacement for human relationships but rather a way to fill the gaps when human companionship is hard to come by. AI companionship is controversial (有争议的). While some people, like Schiffmann, argue that it can help people feel less isolated, others worry that AI relationships might displace real human connections, and thus make people feel more lonely. If you are someone who already struggles with human interactions, the thinking goes, why would you continue to subject yourself to them when you have an AI friend who's fun and uncomplicated, and doesn't come with all the baggage of another person? But so far, the research doesn't seem to support this fear. Drake-Maples at Stanford University surveyed more than1,000students who used the AI chatbot Replika, and investigated their feelings of loneliness and perceived social support. Roughly half of these users reported decreased anxiety, and a feeling of social support. Nearly a quarter of those surveyed said they are more able to handle stress in their current relationship because of Replika's advice. It is still a new field though, and Drake-Maples says there needs to be guidelines. “I strongly believe that you do need to have ethical guidelines around AI companions pushing people back when appropriate, towards human relationships,” she says. These could be gentle reminders like “Hey, you should go chat with somebody about that” or “Go practice this now with a real human.” 28. What is Meet Friend aimed at? A. Replacing human relationships. B. Boosting the productivity at work. C. Offering a new approach to connection. D. Detecting early symptoms of mental illness. 29. What does the underlined part “the thinking” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. AI helps avoid life's stress. B. AI worsens feelings of loneliness. C. Human relationships are hard to keep. D. It's easy to communicate with an AI friend. 30. What is Drake-Maples’ attitude towards AI companionship? A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving. 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Can we trust an AI friend? B. Will AI change human nature? C. Can an AI friend make us less lonely? D. Will AI redefine mental health crisis? D Perfectionism and punctuality are often at odds in the workplace. But according to a recent study, it is better to submit a good-enough project on time rather than perfecting it through procrastination. Researchers surveyed thousands of people in the U.S. and U.K., including managers and others whose jobs included evaluating others. They presented participants with the same examples of work, and then asked them to rate it. But first, they mentioned whether it was either submitted early, right at the deadline or late. Respondents who were told it was late consistently rated the work as worse in quality than those who were told the same work was early or on time. The study also finds there isn't much benefit to submitting work early since evaluators tended to rank work submitted before and at the deadline as the same quality. Furthermore, it didn't matter how late the work was submitted, with one day or one week delays viewed just as negatively and that remained the case if the employee gave their manager advance warning. A field experiment was conducted in a high school in China that had students grade pieces of art in a staged contest. The art was on a piece of paper that also included the date it was submitted. Even though the kids were told to ignore all other details on the paper other than the art itself, the version submitted after the deadline received lower grades. That study makes the broader point that it doesn't really matter who set the deadline. In the eyes of the evaluator, any miss is a meaningful miss. However, the reason behind the missed deadline mattered, researchers found. If it was due to forces beyond an employee’ s control, evaluators didn’t end up with as negative a view of the work as they did when the reason was one within their control. “If the reason why you missed the deadline was beyond your control, you as the employee should let your manager know,” Maglio says. “That seems to be one of the few instances in which people cut you a break.” 32. What does the underlined word “procrastination” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Editing. B. Delay. C. Co-operation. D. Redrafting. 33. What can be concluded from the research result? A. Submitting work early earns a boost in evaluations. B. Pre-communicated delays lead to positive evaluations. C. Minimal delays get better evaluations than long delays. D. Late work is judged more negatively than on-time submissions. 34. What does the author want to show by mentioning the field experiment in China? A. The art itself rather than other details counts. B. Kids tend to judge submissions more objectively. C. A peer-to-peer evaluation can be an informative tool. D. The research finding holds true across age and culture. 35. What can be implied from the last paragraph? A. A hard deadline is often negotiable. B. Bosses need to care about employees. C. Communication around deadlines is vital. D. The evaluation strategy should be improved. 苏北7市三模 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Anderson Lodge About Anderson Lodge is a family-run facility owned by Arvid and Vicki Anderson. It has two separate facilities: the Main Lodge and the Hilltop House. Anderson Lodge opened as a retreat center in November of 2004. As you scroll through the many photos on our site, you are thinking, “How beautiful!” Anderson Lodge IS beautiful! But the photos don’t do it justice. There is nothing like seeing the tall trees with moss cascading elegantly at the Main Lodge or viewing the scenic mountain at our Hilltop House site. The Main Lodge and Hilltop House are self-contained and are a mile apart. There are single beds and double beds respectively. Groups enjoy the quality accommodations well suited for groups ranging from 20 — 80 overnight guests and more! We have private rooms family rooms, dorm-style rooms and cabins. Please contact us for a tour. You will see for yourself how magical Anderson Lodge truly is. Pricing Overnight pricing chart Base price per night Guests covered in base price Price for additional guests above base Main Lodge or Hilltop House $825 15 Up to 50: $10 per person After 50: $8 per person Directions ●Standard check-in: 2:00 pm. Early check-in of 12:00 pm may be permitted (no cost) if schedule allows. ●Standard check-out: 10:00 am. Check-out after 12:00 pm, at $100/ hr. ●Anderson Lodge has a no pet policy. The pet is not allowed to stay. Service animals are permitted. ●Lower the volume of music and attendees by 12:00 pm. You are to bring the party indoors by 12:00 pm. 21. What do we know about Anderson Lodge? A. It has a long history. B. It runs photo contests. C. It is suitable for gatherings. D. It works with a travel agency. 22. What’s the charge for a two-night stay at Hilltop House for a group of 25 guests? A. $2350. B. $1850. C. $1750. D. $1650. 23. What are guests required to do? A. Bring service animals. B. Check out after 12:00 pm. C. Reduce noise after midnight. D. Arrive prior to check-in time. B ①To see Garnett Puett’s latest sculpture at the Hammer Museum, you have to enter a dark room protected by a series of heavy curtains. Inside, glowing red light lights up a glass cage. Within the cage are three human figures with a large group of insects crawling over them. The bees move slowly over the faces of the figures. The colony of bees is so thick in places, it looks like fur (毛皮) growing on the statue — fur that moves. ②“Woah.” “I’ve never seen.” Visitors say as they enter the silent room. ③Puett has been making his “apisculptures”, using metal, beeswax (蜂蜡) and colonies of live bees, for four decades now. It’s art with a purpose: Puett wants to remind viewers of the power and creativity of bees, whose survival is under threat around the world. “It’s sort of subconscious advertising,” Puett said. “Bees are good.” ④In the 1980s, when Puett’s bee sculptures first became an art world hit, people just thought he was a guy playing with bees. Actually, his use of bees came from a deep family tradition. He grew up as a fourth-generation beekeeper, whose family had worked with bees since the 1700s. His great-grandfather raised queen bees, passing the business down to his son and grandson. Puett worked on those farms as a teenager, starting with the simplest tasks. His bee farm experience has resulted in precision in the art he makes with bee colonies. ⑤In the four decades since, the eco-artist withdrew somewhat from the art world. He moved to Hawaii, where he and his family have spent three decades running an organic honey farm. The work is challenging and labor intensive. That work has put him on the frontlines of dealing with threats to bee populations. Foreign species have killed numerous bees on his family’s farm, shrinking the number of surviving beehives (蜂巢) from 4,000 to about 2,000 in the past 15 years. ⑥“People used to call me up really mad saying words I can’t repeat if the hives were bothering them,” relates Puett with a laugh. “But since we lost half the bee population within two years, people are more aware of their importance and are far more understanding and appreciative. That’s been the one bright side to all this difficulty.” 24. What do visitors think of Puett’s bee sculpture? A. It is cruel. B. It is creative. C. It is educational. D. It is frightening. 25. Why did Puett make his “apisculptures”? A. To advocate for bees through art. B. To commercialize his bee products. C. To offer a shelter for threatened bees. D. To illustrate a new method of sculpture. 26. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. A background in bee art. B. The history of beekeeping. C. Bee-themed activities for kids. D. Four generations under one roof. 27. What was the impact of the bee population loss? A. Puett downsized his beekeeping. B. People became tolerant of Puett. C. Puett shifted his focus to his sculptures. D. Public perception of bees has been improved. C ①Go to any movie theater or sports venue, and it’s obvious there’s an invisible bond that forms from laughing, crying, and simply feeling while brushing shoulders with others. Researches have long backed up this sense of connection, but some aspects of the phenomenon remained unclear. Now, a new study is offering insight. ②Writing in the journal Royal Society Open Science, Victor Chung of the École Normale Supérieure in France and his team reported how they examined the matter by inviting strangers to watch videos together in same sex pairs. ③Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together: positive, negative, and neutral (中性的) with a curtain between them that was either open or closed. At the start of the experiment the researchers asked each participant whether they’d like to meet the other member of their pair again. After watching each video, participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness, and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant. ④The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film. Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. However, this was only the case when participants watched the films with the curtain between them open. The researchers said that whether or not the pairs could see each other had no impact on how positively or negatively they felt about the films. ⑤“We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding, even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal (口头的) communication,” said Chung, the study author. ⑥The team added that the findings may help explain why people seek out group activities that generate strong emotions, “even participating in sad memorials that cause negative emotions.” In other words, because emotion bonds us, and humans have a fundamental desire to belong, we’re up for experiences one might think we’d naturally want to avoid. 28. What does “the phenomenon” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Shared emotions bond people. B. Physical touch helps tackle stress. C. A chance encounter leads to a friendship. D. Entertainment is a crucial part of human life. 29. How did the researchers get their findings? A. By analyzing participants’ emotions. B. By comparing participants’ self-reports. C. By documenting participants’ video responses. D. By stimulating participants’ desire for interaction. 30. The study found that strong bonds were indeed created between pairs only when ______. A. they were familiar with each other B. they watched neutral films together C. they were aware of the presence of each other D. they could see each other while watching the films 31. What is presented in the last paragraph of the text? A. An interpretation of the findings. B. Potential implication of the findings. C. Supporting evidence for the findings. D. The underlying logic behind the findings. D ①Next time you’re walking through a park on a hot day, take a moment to sit under a big old tree. You’ll find that the temperature is something like 2℃ cooler than if you were beneath an umbrella. Why? Because a mature tree releases a massive amount of water from its leaves, which cools the surrounding air, just like the way sweating cools our bodies down. ②So a single tree influences the microclimate around it — but what about an entire forest? That’s the question explored in The Power of Trees by German forester Peter Wohlleben. He writes about trees, ecosystems, roots and the many creatures who live in and among them in a fresh, lively way. He believes forests and trees make decisions about their survival, protect and look after their young. ③For readers, some of this language is familiar, and some may know that this style has been a source of derision (嘲笑) in the past. However, it’s this down-to-earth, conversational style that makes the book come to life and makes complex science accessible. He explains processes, such as the way trees access and use sugars at different times of the year, in simple, everyday terms. ④Wohlleben writes in a calm style, but he can’t hide his anger with the way people today — including many environmentalists — now “think of trees as little more than biological storage units for carbon dioxide either while they are alive or when they are dead”. This narrow perspective ignores the vast beneficial effects that forests generate for global temperature management. His claims and criticisms are backed by emerging science and new research, as well as practical observations of how the presence of forests changes the landscape nearby. ⑤This book is wise and thought-provoking. In his chapter highlighting the role of wolves as top predators (捕食者) in preserving the forest, Wohlleben writes: “We can come at protecting forests from whatever direction we want, but the results are always the same. We must put less pressure on nature by exploiting (开发) it less. We must strengthen forests by allowing them to take care of themselves.” 32. What does The Power of Trees explore? A. Temperature management. B. The loss of water in leaves. C. Formation of microclimates. D. The vital role that forests play. 33. Which can describe the language in the book? A. Complex. B. Fancy. C. Approachable. D. Professional. 34. How does Wohlleben deal with people’s narrow perspective on forests? A. He treats it lightly. B. He turns a deaf ear to it. C. He refers to it selectively. D. He argues against it convincingly. 35. What does Wohlleben suggest for protecting forests? A. Fighting climate change. B. Leaving them alone. C. Returning farmland to forest. D. Driving wolves away. 苏州9校2月联考 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A good book can transport us to magical places. Here are four ideas from the literary world that may bring about your own adventures. 1. Louisa May Alcott, Concord, Massachusetts For decades, young readers have been attracted by the adventures detailed in the novel of Little Women. We have the option to visit the home of Louisa May Alcott, the novelist who composed the story around the relationships within her own family. You can take a guided tour and get a view of how the characters’ family lived in the home known as Orchard House. Many of the family’ s treasures remain in the well-preserved structure. 2. Zane Grey’s America Best-selling novelist Zane Grey created strong stories detailing the life and culture of the American West. Through titles like Call of the Canyon, Riders of the Purple Sage and The Thundering Herd, Grey’s tales inspired many to explore a new country. Visit his birthplace in Zanesville, Ohio. You can also visit a copy of his Arizona cottage (the original burned in a 1990 wildfire), which served as his home base while exploring and writing. 3. Where the Wild Things Are Why not use this creative book as the centerpiece of a wild and wonderful weekend with the kids? Read Maurice Sendak’s colourful book, then visit your local park, or walk through a nearby forest and discuss the adventures of young Max, the main character. End the weekend by streaming the Spike Jonze movie of the same name. The whole family will enjoy the mix of real actors and computer cartoons. 4. Jack London, Glen Ellen, California Channel the adventuresome spirit of one of the planet’s most inspired writers with a plan to explore more than 26 miles of hiking, horseback and cycling trails across 1, 400 acres in the Sonoma Valley. Visit the home where London wrote his page-turners. The author of Call of the Wild and White Fang was laid to rest on this landscape that developed his creativity. 1. Which writer created the story based on the writer’s family life? A. Louisa May Alcott. B. Zane Grey C. Maurice Sendak. D. Jack London. 2. What is suggested after reading Where the Wild Things Are? A. Taking a tour to the writer’s childhood home. B. Doing research on the author’s creation process. C. Spending a family weekend of multiple activities. D. Exploring the landscapes of the story setting. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To boost the sales of novels. B. To introduce travel journals. C. To inspire literature-related adventures. D. To offer suggestions for story writing. B Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China. “In 2008, tired of my studio work in the U. S, I came to China, thinking I would be here one or two years, but it has turned out to be 16 years!” he said. He hopes his photographs will inspire others to embark on adventures as well. Sandoval is a professional photographer and learned commercial photography at what was then the Brooks Institute of Photography. With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. In the beginning, he did editorial work for magazines both in and outside Sichuan, such as Vogue. Then he worked with the Sichuan tourism department to produce travel brochures, and also on ad campaigns for destinations for corporate companies. To him, Chengdu is the capital of a laid-back lifestyle. He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. Almost a “walking encyclopedia” of Chengdu, Sandoval covered every corner of Chengdu and recorded Chengduese and their lives with his camera, listening to the sound of mahjong being played and music from traditional stringed instruments. He also goes from place to place with his heavy travel kit. The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. He thinks he has done a lot in “this beautiful and vast country” with his “travel photos”. “I try to show people the beauty of where I go. I try to inspire them to travel and go to places. I’m hoping to do more international work,” he said. 4. Why did Sandoval come to China in 2008? A. He was not good at studio work in the U. S. B. He wanted to seek for something different. C. He had a preference for international work. D. He was attracted by China’s natural scenery. 5. What does the underlined word “laid-back” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Leisurely. B. Simple. C. Luxurious. D. Healthy. 6. Sandoval’s experiences around China are mentioned in Paragraph 5 to show _______. A. his diverse hobbies B. his desire for new careers C. his superb photo technique D. his fascination for Chinese culture 7. What is the writing purpose of this passage? A. To call on readers to take up photography as a hobby. B. To facilitate the development of tourism in Chengdu. C. To praise Sandoval for his work of spreading Chinese culture. D. To introduce the experience of a foreign photographer in China. C Artificial intelligence — or AI — is the computer code (代码) that allows a machine to do something that normally requires a human brain. On TikTok, for instance, AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be those you’d prefer. But before an AI can do any of that, developers must train it. And the training consumes energy. AI training is powered mostly by fossil (化石) fuels, according to one of the largest studies of its kind. Less than 25 percent of AIs use low-carbon energy sources such as hydroelectricity and nuclear power during training. In fact, researchers now worry that training’s appetite for energy could soon become a huge problem. The energy to develop AI comes out of the electrical net. And in most parts of the world, making electricity emits (排放) carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. Language-processing AI systems learn by devouring (吞食) texts in a particular language. This might include “reading” everything ever published online in some language, including libraries full of old books that have been digitized. Such data-intensive training uses a lot of energy. To translate between English and Chinese, for example, an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of translated books and articles. In this way, it learns which words and phrases match. Later, when given a new text, it recommends its own translation. In 2019, researchers calculated the impact of developing AI model named Transformer. It released a massive 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide. That’s equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked. Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. Some AI experts have sounded an alarm about the threat these energy giants pose. 8. What is AI training mainly energized by? A. Fossil fuels. B. Solar energy. C. Nuclear energy. D. Greenhouse gases. 9. What do we know about the language-processing AI systems? A. They process limited texts. B. They will replace translators. C. They seldom read digital books. D. They are energy-consuming. 10. Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4? A. To highlight its significance. B. To speak highly of AI’s power. C. To demonstrate researchers’ creativity. D. To stress its effect on the environment. 11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. AI’s development poses a threat to data centers. B. The energy consumption of AI can’t be ignored. C. AI is effectively transforming the way we learn. D. People should take action to reduce gas emission. D When preparing for a test, most students assume it’s best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making errors early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke conducted a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material initially performed better, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still debating why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neuronal (神经元的) connections in a way that ultimately strengthens what’s useful and removes what’s not, making the information we attempt to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it’s important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to consolidate the information and create stronger memories. In conclusion, testing is not just a tool for assessing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing errors and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 12. What do we know about Henry and Jeff’s study? A. Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B. Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C. Rote memorization doesn’t work well in the long run. D. The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOFEL. 13. What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A. Additional neuronal connections in the brain are created. B. The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C. The weak connections between neurons are removed. D. Weak but useful neuronal connections become stronger. 14. What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A. Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B. Studying everything intensely on a single night. C. Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D. Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Cramming for Exams: A Safer Bet for Success B. The Testing Effect: Why Practice Makes Perfect C. The Power of Testing: An Effective Approach to Learning D. The Secret of Learning: How Brains Process Information 苏州中学，海门中学，姜堰中学，淮阴中学四校联考 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover the dramatic caves, water activities and hands-on courses that make the island of Zakynthos a family-friendly Greek getaway. Beach time Experienced visitors avoid popular Shipwreck Beach for Dafni, on the Vassilikos Peninsula, protected by the National Marine Park. Its calm waters are ideal for beginner swimmers and parents can supervise while lingering at the restaurants next to the sands. instagram.com/portomela Coastal adventures Keri Caves are a quieter alternative to the Blue Caves, and kayaks (皮划艇) can reach otherwise inaccessible rock cracks and beaches. Adventure Zone offers boat tours, with friendly guide Kostas Stoufis handling photography so families can concentrate on paddling and scanning the super-clear waters for turtles. adventure-zone. gr Hands-on culture Families can attend a pottery class with Hanne Mi Sauge. A two-hour session at her studio in Vassilikos includes instruction on how to use the potter’s wheel and make hand-built sculptures. ceramichannemi.com Where to stay Sitting on the peaceful edges of Argassi town, Windmill Bay Hotel has family-friendly rooms. Its seafront restaurant Anadalis is one of the island’s best and offers a bargain children’s menu (€8/£6.50) alongside Mediterranean cuisine. From £156 for a Junior Suite Sea View, B& B. windmillhotelszante.com 1. This passage is mainly targeted at _________. A. professional explorers B. experienced travelers C. primary school teachers D. vacation-seeking parents 2. What activities are recommended for tourists on the island? A. Dining at a restaurant at £6.50. B. Creating their own pottery pieces. C. Taking photos at Shipwreck Beach. D. Kayaking and exploring the Blue caves. 3. The passage most probably comes from _________. A. a travel website B. a college textbook C. a lifestyle column D. an academic journal B Coco Gauff will never forget the happiness she felt in September 2023 when her backhand winner (制胜球) flew by her opponent at the U. S. Open final to give her, at 19 years old, her first Grand Slam championship. “I’ve never felt anything like that.” Gauff says. This is coming from a person who has bungee jumped off Sky Tower, New Zealand’s tallest building — twice. Gauff wants to feel that championship high again. “That’s the motivation that drives me,” she says. “I’m sure fame and fortune will come along. But I don’t really care about that. I just care about how many trophies (奖杯) I can get in my house.” The star failed in January 2024, when she lost in the semi s of the Australian Open. But Gauff’s triumphs have already fulfilled the promise she first showed at 15 in 20 19. Experts expected more titles from her sooner, but Gauff progressed at her own pace. “Being a Black woman, in a sport that isn’t very diverse, means a lot to me,” she says. Her grandmother, who was the first Black student at her high school in 1961, has shaped her view. After a black man’s murder in 2020, Gauff posted about the injustice on social media and spoke at a protest. “I felt I had to speak out. If you stay silent, you’re supporting the abusers.” Gauff, who turned 20 in March 2024, told TIME, “It’s crazy to think that I’m not going to be a teenager anymore.” But she knows she’s still early in her journey. “At first, I was scared to grow up, but now I’m embracing adulthood. Change is always needed in this world. I hope I can play a small part.” 4. What is Gauff’s motivation for playing tennis? A. To make a role model. B. To set a world record. C. To become famous and rich. D. To strive for victory thrill. 5. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. She relied on her grandma. B. She advocated for social justice. C. She is anxious about growing up. D. She is stressed as a black sportswoman. 6. Gauff can be described as _________. A. talented and generous B. sociable and innovative C. ambitious and courageous D. decisive and cooperative 7. What message does the text convey? A. This too shall pass. B. No act of kindness is ever wasted. C. All is well that ends well. D. Great people write their own stories. C ①Two paralyzed patients have been able to walk short distances and even climb stairs after being implanted with electrodes (电极) in their brains. In a world first, surgeons used a technique called deep brain stimulation to “re-awaken” inactive nerve fibers in the spinal cord and re-establish control of the leg muscles. ②The breakthrough came after neuroscientists at the Swiss Federal Technology Institute in Lausanne (EPFL) used AI to map all the neurons in the brain involved in helping rats and mice walk. To their surprise, a region called the lateral hypothalamus — known to be involved in arousal and motivation — was found to have a role in walking. It was so unexpected that the finding was initially questioned by other scientists who peer reviewed the paper for the journal Nature Medicine. ③After successful tests in rats and mice, the Swiss team then implanted electrodes in the lateral hypothalamus of the human patients. The technique is carried out while patients are wide awake. Only then can surgeons be sure they have reached the right area in the brain, with the right strength of stimulation. ④Professor Jocelyne Bloch, who carried out the operations at Lausanne University Hospital, said: “Once the electrode was in place and we performed the stimulation, the first patient immediately said, ‘I feel my legs’. When we increased the stimulation she said, ‘I feel the urge to walk!’” ⑤Scientists believe the lateral hypothalamus sends signals down nerve fibres that remain undamaged after the spinal injury, which helps engage the remaining nerve connections and improve neurological recovery.” ⑥The two patients did not make a complete recovery from their injury, and were only able to walk slowly over short distances with a stick or “walker”. But the Lausanne team has already shown it is possible to restore movement by using implants in the spinal cord. They hope that stimulating both the spine and the brain in future will enhance recovery and help patients walk further and faster. 8. What procedure allowed the patients to regain some mobility? A. Deep brain stimulation. B. Spinal cord recovery. C. Leg muscles improvement. D. Artificial intelligence mapping. 9. What was the first reaction of other scientists to the discovery? A. Excitement. B. Skepticism. C. Acceptance. D. Indifference. 10. Why is the technique performed while the patient is awake? A. To minimize surgical risks. B. To speed up the implantation process. C. To confirm the correct spot and stimulation level. D. To ensure the patient experiences minimal discomfort. 11. What is the best title of the passage? A. Artificial limbs are used for recovery B. Brain part has new roles in movement C. Regaining the ability to walk requires hi-tech D. Paralyzed patients walk with brain electrodes D ①“Entire subway absorbed in the small devices held in hand. Some sort of worship?” The tweet by Joyce Carol Oates in 2019, alongside a photo of riders holding mobile phones, as if in prayer, captures how society holds technology sacred. Most people check their phones on waking and before sleeping, replacing an earlier generations’ prayer routine. ②“Technology has become religion,” writes Greg Epstein, a “humanist” chaplain (牧师) who works at Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in his controversial new book, Tech Agnostic. Believe him? ③There are plenty of parallels. Both tech and religion have gods, which in Silicon Valley might be legendary leaders such as Jobs or Musk, with devoted followers. Tech firms and religions are also considered as all-powerful and wealthy. Like monasteries, tech companies are secretive and boast unique cultures and rules. Techies can sound as if they are expressing religious principles, too. Google’s original motto — “Don’t be evil” — has biblical tones. Mr. Musk has described his interplanetary ambitions as aiming to “extend the light of consciousness to the stars”. ④The first half of Tech Agnostic does an excellent job of exploring how tech companies have persuaded people to faithfully believe in their mission and team. Epstein excels when he applies religious knowledge to tech research, providing unique insights. His observations are fascinating and insightful. ⑤But such insights are rare in the second half of the book. Instead, he recites a long list of familiar worries about technology, blaming it for excessive screen time, unstable gig economy jobs, and heavy monitoring via facial recognition and online ads. For every technology, he has found someone to criticize it exaggeratedly, then slightly softens the criticism (for the sake of fairness), but still lets the point stand. ⑥This is a missed opportunity. Too few have explored tech leaders’ religious beliefs, from AI pioneers’ fascination with Jewish mysticism to Jobs’ Zen Buddhism practice. Meanwhile, Pope (教皇) Francis has held several meetings with AI experts in Rome. At the start of the book, Mr. Epstein asks: “Am I speaking literally? Yes.” He is not lying. The book presents an interesting theory but falls short in fully addressing the topic. 12. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To give an explanation. B. To introduce the topic. C. To support an argument. D. To summarize the information. 13. The underlined word “monasteries” in paragraph 3 probably refers to ________. A. religious places B. corporate offices C. educational centers D. government buildings 14. How does Epstein deal with the second half of his book? A. He explores new and unique insights. B. He focuses on positive aspects of technology. C. He voices fierce criticism against technology. D. He repeats common concerns about technology. 15. What does the author think about the book? A. It provides a detailed guide to technology. B. It has an appealing idea but lacks deep analysis. C. It offers a balanced view of technology’s impact. D. It criticizes technology without providing solutions. 盐城中学4校4月联考 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ①When it comes to the resorts that tick every box on the holiday bucket list, Sani is the first port of call for those in the know. Set around a charming bay on Greece’s Kassandra peninsula and surrounded by lush forest, thriving wetlands and seven unspoiled beaches, it’s the perfect place to disconnect from the stresses of daily life, unwind in nature and reconnect with loved ones. ②The world-class resort is made up of five hotels, all with their own individual character and charm. Guests can take advantage of the best that each property has to offer. There’s something for everyone. Young guests can improve their wilderness skills at the Bear Grylls Survival Academy, while adventure-seekers will love trying their first scuba dive, ziplines through the treetops, forest walks and the climbing wall. And then there are live music performances for music enthusiasts. ③Sustainability is implanted in every aspect of the resort’s values. Sani Green works hard to care for the surrounding environment and wildlife, inviting guests to embark on guided eco-activities such as the Sani Wetlands Trip and birdwatching. ④Connecting it all allows guests to explore all the beauty that this oasis has to offer. There’s never been a better time to book a Sani Resort trip. Click here for further information. 1. What might the main appeal of Sani Resort lie in? A. Various adventure activities. B. Environmental protection awareness. C. High-end accommodation and services. D. A great getaway with breathtaking views. 2. Which activity is intended for young guests at Sani Resort? A. Learn scuba diving. B. Attend a survival academy. C. Zipline through the treetops. D. Watch birds outside the resort. 3. What is the likely source of the article? A. A magazine. B. A brochure. C. A website. D. A document. B ①When 16-year-old Mei began volunteering at the migrant children’s library, she felt like an outsider. The children, with their warm laughter and rapid rural dialect, formed a tightknit circle that her textbook-perfect Mandarin couldn’t penetrate. During storytelling sessions, little Wenjing would vanish behind towering bookshelves, her small frame swallowed by shadows. Mei’s attempts to engage her $ 江苏省高三模考专题 --- 阅读理解 24-25 南京金陵中学、海安高级中学、宿迁中学 高三下 4月联考 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Theater is a big part of what makes New York shine. This city is full of talent that even the youngest can appreciate, and at the best Broadway shows, everyone in your crew will be interested. The Lion King There’s a reason Simba’s story continues to draw in crowds year after year: It’s an amazing production with amazing sets and a moving score. Seeing The Lion King live is something like a ceremony for New York kids. Unconvinced? Ask the 100 million+ audience members worldwide who’ve seen the performance. Ages 8 and up. Wicked Based on novelist Gregory Maguire’s 1995 adult variation on L. Frank Baum’s The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Wicked shows what happened before the events in the children’s book. The musical addresses complex themes, such as standards of beauty and morality. While children five and up are permitted in the theater, little ones might be afraid of the flying monkeys. Ages 8 and up. Six On a concert stage, backed by an all-female band, the six wives of Tudor Dynasty Henry VIII air their complaints in the form of modern pop. The queens sing their heads off, and the audience loses its mind. Some of the stories are pretty dark, but the girl-power dance moves will make older kids excited. Ages 10 and up. Come from Away One of the more unlikely musicals on Broadway is an excellent choice for the family: Come from Away is the tense but human e story of an airport in Gander, Newfoundland, where 38 planes and more than 6,000 passengers were forced to land on September 11, 2001. It raises big topics, but in such a way that invites thoughtful discussion. Ages 10 and up. 21. Which musical combines royal history with modern art form? A. The Lion King. B. Wicked. C. Six. D. Come from Away. 22. What do we know about Come from Away? A. It features female dancers and singers. B. It leaves much room for deep thinking. C. It includes standards of beauty and morality. D. It stresses harmony between human and nature. 23. Who is the text intended for? A. Musical talents. B. Tourist guides. C. Parents and their children. D. Teachers and their students. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个百老汇较为出名的喜剧。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Six部分的“On a concert stage, backed by an all-female band, the six wives of Tudor Dynasty Henry VIII air their complaints in the form of modern pop.(都铎王朝亨利八世的六个妻子在一个全女性乐队的支持下，在音乐会舞台上以现代流行音乐的形式表达她们的不满。)”可知，Six这部音乐剧结合了皇家历史和现代艺术形式。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Come from Away部分的“It raises big topics, but in such a way that invites thoughtful discussion.(他提出了重大的议题，其方式值得深思熟虑的讨论。)”可知，Come from Away这部音乐剧为深入思考留下了很大的空间。故选B。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“This city is full of talent that even the youngest can appreciate, and at the best Broadway shows, everyone in your crew will be interested.(这座城市充满了连最小的孩子都能欣赏的才华，在最好的百老汇演出中，你的团队中的每个人都会感兴趣。)”并结合文章介绍了适合不同年龄段孩子观看的百老汇音乐剧可推断，文章是为父母和他们的孩子准备的。故选C。 B ①The afternoon air was thick and warm, and by the time my dad and I reached the bay, which we called a swimming palace, my clothes were damp and itchy (痒) on my skin. Dad dived into a splash, heading out toward the edge of our narrow bay. Overwhelmed, suddenly, and with envy, I did what I hadn’t done in years: I held my breath and pulled my own head underwater. ②There, suspended beneath the glimmering surface, I remembered it all — my love of diving, swimming, rivers and lakes. I knew what it was like again: to be free and fully present in my own skin. ③Though I’ve always loved the water, I had spent seven years prior to that day staying away from moments like this one. I was afraid. Struggling for a long time with unhelpful treatments, and the pressures of teenage girls’ appearance, I had become entirely reliant on my makeup. I needed total control over how I looked, and going swimming meant washing this control away. My bare face and natural appearance were not something I identified with. I hated it, deeply, though I wished more than anything that I didn’t. 我害怕。长期以来，我一直在与无用的治疗和青少年女孩对外貌的压力作斗争，我变得完全依赖于我的化妆品。我需要完全控制我的外貌，而游泳意味着会冲走这种控制) ④But those 10 minutes of contentment I floated within were fuel for the next chapter of my life. Suddenly, it didn’t matter how I did it. Whether through medication or mental attitude, I would find a way to have the kind of life that allowed me to dive into the water. ⑤That day was the beginning of a slow but determined journey back to my own body — a slow unearthing of my deep self-consciousness. Life didn’t change in a heartbeat: I returned to the shore with all the same fears, but I clothed myself in a new determination to change things. I felt the tide turn. (我带着所有同样的恐惧回到了岸上，但我穿上了改变事情的新决心。我感觉到潮水转向了) ⑥Reflecting on this moment again today, it seems strange to think that going bare-faced on an empty beach was such a challenge. But this is exactly the perspective I had once dreamed of reaching. I do my best never to take for granted this freedom I have found. I will sink under the surface of the water, embracing that swell of fear and joy and liberation. (我会沉入水下，拥抱那种恐惧、快乐和解放的浪潮) 24. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. My father’s action inspired me. B. I once suffered from memory loss. C. My envy prevented me from diving. D. The bay was where I learned swimming. 25. The author avoided swimming for seven years because of ______ . A. pressure from independence B. treatment for mental illness C. inconvenience of making up D. insecurity about appearance 26. How did the author feel after she returned from the diving? A. Hesitant and fearful. B. Restless but joyful. C. Proud and contented. D. Afraid but resolute. 27. What message does the author want to convey in the passage? A. Do not judge a book by its cover. B. Self-acceptance is the greatest gift. C. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. D. Nothing is difficult to a willing heart. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在一次与父亲去海湾游泳的经历中，重新找回了对水的热爱，并开始努力克服对外貌的过度关注，重新接受自己。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Dad dived into a splash, heading out toward the edge of our narrow bay. Overwhelmed, suddenly, and with envy, I did what I hadn’t done in years: I held my breath and pulled my own head underwater. (爸爸跳进水中，溅起一片水花，向我们狭窄海湾的边缘游去。突然间，我被一种强烈的羡慕感所淹没，我做了多年来从未做过的事情：我屏住呼吸，把头埋进了水里)”可知，父亲跳进水里游泳，这让作者很羡慕，于是作者也做了自己多年没做过的事，把头埋进了水里，可得出作者的父亲的行为激发了她，故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I was afraid. Struggling for a long time with unhelpful treatments, and the pressures of teenage girls’ appearance, I had become entirely reliant on my makeup. I needed total control over how I looked, and going swimming meant washing this control away. (我害怕。长期以来，我一直在与无用的治疗和青少年女孩对外貌的压力作斗争，我变得完全依赖于我的化妆品。我需要完全控制我的外貌，而游泳意味着会冲走这种控制)”可知，作者避免游泳是因为她对自己的外貌缺乏安全感，怕游泳毁掉妆容，故选D项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I returned to the shore with all the same fears, but I clothed myself in a new determination to change things. I felt the tide turn. (我带着所有同样的恐惧回到了岸上，但我穿上了改变事情的新决心。我感觉到潮水转向了)”可知，作者带着同样的恐惧回到岸边，但是作者下定决心要改变，所以作者虽然仍然害怕，但变得更加坚定，故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I will sink under the surface of the water, embracing that swell of fear and joy and liberation. (我会沉入水下，拥抱那种恐惧、快乐和解放的浪潮)”可知，作者重新找回了对水的热爱，并开始努力克服对外貌的过度关注，重新接受自己，她想要传达的信息是自我接受是最大的礼物，故选B项。 C ①For much of history, the practice of art was mysterious, and artists were viewed as being somewhat odd and often mad. Even the word most commonly associated with artists — inspiration — has its own magical qualities. Literally, the word “inspiration” means the breathing-in of a spirit. Artists were thought of as people who were uniquely inspired to create. ②Many artists credited their talents to the presence of some supernatural power. The Romantic poets believed that art was a term that meant an ultimate expression of beauty and truth. The search for this ideal led them to explore both natural and supernatural themes in their works. ③Another persistent view of art regarded its divorce from logic. Reason and logic were the province of scientists and philosophers, whereas creativity and insight were the area of the artists. The two separate aspects of the mind were supposed to remain distinct. ④But in 1704, a major breakthrough occurred. Sir Isaac Newton, mathematician and physicist, published his study of light, Opticks. One of Newton’s major discoveries was on the nature of color. Using a prism (棱镜), Newton provided a scientific explanation for the presence of rainbows. The artistic community was shocked. A scientist had ventured into their sacred territory. ⑤More than a hundred years later, John Keats, one of the most famous Romantic poets, accused Newton of reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbow”. His colleague, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, famously remarked that the souls of five hundred Newtons would be needed to make one Shakespeare. And yet, from another perspective, Newton did not reduce the beauty of the rainbow; he enhanced it. In his search to uncover the secrets of the rainbow, Newton demonstrated the wonder, creativity, and inspiration of an artist. His discovery also paved the way for the development of spectroscopy, a way of analyzing the chemical makeup of light. Now scientists can look at the stars and know their composition. The sense of wonder this ability creates is not much different from the wonder the poet or artist feels when staring at those same stars. 28. According to the passage, what was the common view of artists in history? A. Their works focused on the supernatural. B. Their unique abilities came from within. C. They possessed both logic and magic. D. They were strange but indeed gifted. 29. How did the Romantic poets react to Newton’s discovery about light and color? A. They credited Newton’s insights to mystical influences. B. They felt it faded the poetic beauty of natural phenomena. C. They were inspired to integrate more scientific themes in their poetry. D. They believed it added a new dimension to the appreciation of beauty. 30. Why does the author mention John Keats’ and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s views on Newton? A. To contrast their criticism with science’s artistic value. B. To highlight the effect of scientific breakthroughs on art. C. To show Romantic poets’ objection to scientific progress. D. To emphasize the superior creativity of poets over scientists. 31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Distinguishing Art from Science B. Isaac Newton’s Influence on Arts C. Shared Wonder of Art and Science D. The Artistic Interpretation of Science 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了历史上艺术实践很神秘，艺术被认为与逻辑分离。但随着科学的进步，现在科学家对星星的研究也能带来和诗人、艺术家看到星星时类似的惊奇感，表明艺术和科学存在共同的惊奇之处 。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For much of history, the practice of art was mysterious, and artists were viewed as being somewhat odd and often mad. Even the word most commonly associated with artists — inspiration — has its own magical qualities. Literally, the word “inspiration” means the breathing-in of a spirit. Artists were thought of as people who were uniquely inspired to create.(在历史上的大部分时间里，艺术实践都是神秘的，艺术家们被视为有些奇怪，往往是疯狂的。即使是最常与艺术家联系在一起的词——灵感——也有它自己神奇的特质。从字面上看，“灵感”这个词的意思是灵魂的吸入。艺术家被认为是具有独特创作灵感的人)”可知，历史上对艺术家的普遍看法是他们很奇怪，但确实很有天赋。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“More than a hundred years later, John Keats, one of the most famous Romantic poets, accused Newton of reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbow”.(100多年后，最著名的浪漫主义诗人之一约翰·济慈指责牛顿“拆散彩虹”，降低了美)”可知，浪漫主义诗人认为牛顿关于光和颜色的发现淡化了自然现象的诗意之美。故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“More than a hundred years later, John Keats, one of the most famous Romantic poets, accused Newton of reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbow”. His colleague, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, famously remarked that the souls of five hundred Newtons would be needed to make one Shakespeare. And yet, from another perspective, Newton did not reduce the beauty of the rainbow; he enhanced it. In his search to uncover the secrets of the rainbow, Newton demonstrated the wonder, creativity, and inspiration of an artist. His discovery also paved the way for the development of spectroscopy, a way of analyzing the chemical makeup of light.(100多年后，最著名的浪漫主义诗人之一约翰·济慈指责牛顿“拆散彩虹”，降低了美。他的同事塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治有一句名言：需要500个牛顿的灵魂才能产生一个莎士比亚。然而，从另一个角度来看，牛顿并没有减少彩虹的美丽；他加强了它。在探索彩虹的秘密过程中，牛顿展示了艺术家的奇迹、创造力和灵感。他的发现也为光谱学的发展铺平了道路，光谱学是一种分析光的化学组成的方法)”可推知，作者提到约翰济慈和塞缪尔泰勒柯勒律治对牛顿的看法是为了将他们的批评与科学的艺术价值进行对比。故选A。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The sense of wonder this ability creates is not much different from the wonder the poet or artist feels when staring at those same stars.(这种能力所产生的惊奇感与诗人或艺术家凝视同样的星星时所感受到的惊奇感并无太大区别)”可知，文章主要说明了历史上艺术实践很神秘，艺术被认为与逻辑分离。但随着科学的进步，现在科学家对星星的研究也能带来和诗人、艺术家看到星星时类似的惊奇感，表明艺术和科学存在共同的惊奇之处 。由此可知，C选项“艺术与科学的共同奇迹”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 D ①During WWII, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, The curriculum (课程) designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare. ②Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries. (符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们检查某些结论是否正确地从一组事实中得出。考虑一个图书馆图书盗窃案。如果一个嫌疑人在盗窃发生的那天不在图书馆，他们就不可能是小偷。如果在图书馆，他们可能是也可能不是小偷。在图书馆并不意味着他们偷了书。符号逻辑将这种论证转化为代数，便于分享、解决和推广来解开谜团。) ③For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. But it is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasoning sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. 罗格斯大学数学家格雷・温格认为，教授有责任感的公民身份需要为学生提供数学推理技能。例如，考虑一场关于一项研究发现的辩论，该研究发现大多数没有高中文凭的成年人收入较低。一个有责任感的公民必须按照上面图书盗窃案的例子来思考其中的含义。没有文凭可能意味着收入较低，但低收入并不意味着没有文凭。符号逻辑的训练使这些类型的推理融入他们的认知过程，并成为公民的第二天性。 ④In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. 【此外，符号逻辑使个人能够通过区分单独事件和系统证据来反驳虚假主张。】The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education—teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change. ⑤Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. 【有些人怀疑是否需要一门单独的符号逻辑课程，认为其他课程可以完成这项工作。例如，在写作课程中，学生学习如何发现不合逻辑的论点，三角学中涵盖了基本的证明。在不使用任何符号的情况下教授人们逻辑思维可以获得很多收获。但只有符号逻辑才能确保逻辑的严格性。零碎的方法是不够的；全面学习需要一整学期的课程。】 ⑥Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance. 【对它的训练必须纳入课程，不能听天由命。】 32. The book-theft case is mentioned in paragraph 2 to illustrate symbolic logic’s ______ . A. economical benefits B. basic principles C. cultural significance D. social influences 33. Why does Gray Wenger insist that symbolic logic be taught to all students? A. It cultivates automatic reasoning. B. It facilitates excellent debating. C. It enhances a natural sense of math. D. It justifies the income of citizens. 34. Armed with symbolic logic, people should be able to ______. A. tell between separate incidents B. solve complex puzzles quickly C. question the nature of education D. challenge the claims falsely made 35. The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ______. A. acceptable as there are alternative classes to compensate B. unfulfilling but will naturally evolve without interference C. disappointing due to unwillingness to set a specific course 【认为目前的符号逻辑教育令人失望，因为人们不愿意设置一门特定的课程。】 D. questionable for people chance its integration into education 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕 “Symbolic logic（符号逻辑）” 展开论述，通过多个方面论证其重要性，并呼吁将其纳入课程体系。 【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries.(符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们检查某些结论是否正确地从一组事实中得出。考虑一个图书馆图书盗窃案。如果一个嫌疑人在盗窃发生的那天不在图书馆，他们就不可能是小偷。如果在图书馆，他们可能是也可能不是小偷。在图书馆并不意味着他们偷了书。符号逻辑将这种论证转化为代数，便于分享、解决和推广来解开谜团。)”可知，提到图书盗窃案是为了阐述符号逻辑的基本原理，即如何从一组事实得出正确结论。故选B。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasoning sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens.(罗格斯大学数学家格雷・温格认为，教授有责任感的公民身份需要为学生提供数学推理技能。例如，考虑一场关于一项研究发现的辩论，该研究发现大多数没有高中文凭的成年人收入较低。一个有责任感的公民必须按照上面图书盗窃案的例子来思考其中的含义。没有文凭可能意味着收入较低，但低收入并不意味着没有文凭。符号逻辑的训练使这些类型的推理融入他们的认知过程，并成为公民的第二天性。)”可知，格雷・温格坚持向所有学生教授符号逻辑是因为它能培养自动推理能力，让推理成为公民的第二天性。故选A。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence.(此外，符号逻辑使个人能够通过区分单独事件和系统证据来反驳虚假主张。)”可知，掌握了符号逻辑，人们应该能够挑战错误提出的主张。故选D。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning.(有些人怀疑是否需要一门单独的符号逻辑课程，认为其他课程可以完成这项工作。例如，在写作课程中，学生学习如何发现不合逻辑的论点，三角学中涵盖了基本的证明。在不使用任何符号的情况下教授人们逻辑思维可以获得很多收获。但只有符号逻辑才能确保逻辑的严格性。零碎的方法是不够的；全面学习需要一整学期的课程。)”以及最后一段“Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance.(对它的训练必须纳入课程，不能听天由命。)”可知，作者认为目前的符号逻辑教育令人失望，因为人们不愿意设置一门特定的课程。故选C。 苏锡常镇一模 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The World’s Most Striking Tourist Destinations Adventurers, grab your passports because there’s nothing relaxing about these holiday spots. Half Dome,Yosemite National Park,USA The 1500-metre climb to the top of Half Dome is the most difficult of Yosemite Valley’s day hikes, and it’s the last 120 meters that are the most dangerous. While there are ladder-like metal cables (缆绳) to help you reach the summit without rock climbing equipment, falling off them could be deadly. Cliffs of Moher, Ireland With breathtaking views of the Aran Islands and Galway Bay, the Cliffs of Moher is one of Ireland’s most popular tourist attractions. However, it’s also one of the most dangerous, and one misstep at the edge could result in a 213-metre fall into the Atlantic. The safest way to experience the beauty of the cliffs is from the official path or one of three viewing platforms. Mount Everest, Nepal Visiting Mount Everest attracts around 1200 climbers each year. However, only about half ever reach the summit, and a few will die trying, according to the New York Times. By now, there have been 304 deaths, according to alanarnette.com. Trift Bridge, Switzerland Believe it or not, the Trift Bridge in the Swiss Alps Mountains is much safer than it looks. Still, acrophobes (恐高者) will likely want to avoid this dangerous man-made spot. At 90 metres high and 170 metres long, the Trift Bridge is one of the longest and highest pedestrian suspension bridges in the Alps, requiring three cable car rides to reach it. 21. Where can you enjoy the sight of sea? A. At Half Dome. B. At Cliffs of Moher. C. At Mount Everest. D. At Trift Bridge. 22. What can we know about Mount Everest? A. It has three viewing platforms. B. There are cables helping climbers up. C. It has claimed at least 300 lives so far. D. About 600 climbers have ever reached its summit. 23. Which of the following can describe all the four places? A. They are all natural scenic spots. B. They are all dangerous scenic spots. C. Tourists must do much rock climbing in each place. D. Tourists must use climbing equipment in each place. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了世界上四个最惊险的旅游目的地。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Cliffs of Moher, Ireland部分中“With breathtaking views of the Aran Islands and Galway Bay, the Cliffs of Moher is one of Ireland’s most popular tourist attractions. However, it’s also one of the most dangerous, and one misstep at the edge could result in a 213-metre fall into the Atlantic. (Cliffs of Moher拥有阿伦群岛和戈尔韦湾的壮丽景色，是爱尔兰最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。然而，它也是最危险的地方之一，在悬崖边缘稍有不慎就可能坠入213米深的大西洋。)”可知，在Cliffs of Moher可以欣赏到海景。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Mount Everest, Nepal部分中“By now, there have been 304 deaths, according to alanarnette.com. (截至目前，据alanarnette.com统计，已有304人丧生。)”可知，到目前为止，珠穆朗玛峰已经夺去了至少300人的生命。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Adventurers, grab your passports because there’s nothing relaxing about these holiday spots. (冒险家们，拿起你们的护照吧，因为这些度假胜地可一点都不轻松。)”结合文章中对四个景点的描述可知，这四个地方都是危险的旅游景点。故选B。 B Nadine Grimm’s A Grammar of Gyeli opens with a moving quote honoring ancestors: “For our ancestors who have left us - may we keep their wisdom.” This sets the tone for her study of the Gyeli language in Ngòló, a small village in southern Cameroon, rich in culture and hidden knowledge. In her prize-winning work, Grimm displays the essence of the Gyeli language, spoken by the Bagyeli people, who are sometimes called “Pygmies.” The grammatical description, which is presented in a form-to-function approach, covers all levels of language, ranging from Gyeli speech sounds to its information structure and complex sentences. Her path to studying African languages began by chance during her Bachelor’s degree in General Linguistics and French. She had an unexpected opportunity to work with a professor in Nigeria, which led to her first African language conference and started her interest in African languages. Grimm’s research includes deep fieldwork, such as recording conversations and joining in everyday activities with the Bagyeli. At first, she used assistants to communicate due to language barriers, but as her understanding grew, she began talking directly with the speakers. This method differs from traditional ones, focusing on real language use rather than simple word-for-word translations. The importance of reference grammars like Grimm’s becomes clear in light of the global problem of disappearing languages. With 50-90% of the world’s languages at risk, documenting languages like Gyeli is essential. “When languages die, we lose entire knowledge systems,” Grimm says. Her work not only records the Gyeli language but also adds to the understanding of endangered Bantu languages in general. It represents one of the most comprehensive descriptions of a northwestern Bantu language. For her efforts, Grimm was awarded the 2023 Bloomfield Book Award from the Linguistic Society of America. A single Bloomfield Book award is made annually to recognize “a volume that makes an outstanding contribution of long-term value to the understanding of language and linguistics.” Grimm’s work was praised for adding audio and video recordings that improve reliability in language research. 24. Why did Grimm write A Grammar of Gyeli? A. To keep a knowledge system. B. To honor her ancestors. C. To record the tone of Gyeli. D. To satisfy her interest in languages. 25. What do we know about the Gyeli language? A. It is endangered. B. It is simple in structure. C. It has to be studied in a form-to-function approach. D. It functions differently from other Bantu languages. 26. Why does the author mention Bantu languages? A. To highlight their importance. B. To illustrate the problem of disappearing languages. C. To emphasize the urgency of protecting them. D. To demonstrate the value of Grimm’s study. 27. What contributed most to the success of Grimm’s research? A. Her work with a professor in Nigeria. B. Her ability in learning a new language. C. Her relationship with the Bagyeli people. D. Her unique and reliable research method. 【答案】24. A 25. A 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Nadine Grimm对Gyeli语言的研究及其重要性。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Nadine Grimm’s A Grammar of Gyeli opens with a moving quote honoring ancestors: “For our ancestors who have left us - may we keep their wisdom.” (Nadine Grimm的A Grammar of Gyeli以一段纪念祖先的感人语录开场：“为了离开我们的祖先——愿我们保留他们的智慧。”)”可知，Grimm写A Grammar of Gyeli是为了保持一个知识体系。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The importance of reference grammars like Grimm’s becomes clear in light of the global problem of disappearing languages. With 50-90% of the world’s languages at risk, documenting languages like Gyeli is essential. (鉴于全球语言消亡这一严峻问题，Grimm等参考语法著作的重要性便显而易见。全球有50%至90%的语言面临消亡风险，因此，记录诸如Gyeli这样的语言至关重要。)”可知，Gyeli语是濒临灭绝的，故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Her work not only records the Gyeli language but also adds to the understanding of endangered Bantu languages in general. It represents one of the most comprehensive descriptions of a northwestern Bantu language. (她的工作不仅记录了Gyeli语，还增进了人们对濒危Bantu语整体的理解。这代表了对西北Bantu语最全面的描述之一。)”可知，作者提到Bantu语是为了证明Grimm的研究的价值。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Grimm’s work was praised for adding audio and video recordings that improve reliability in language research. (Grimm的工作因增加了音频和视频记录而受到赞扬，这些记录提高了语言研究的可靠性。)”可知，她独特而可靠的研究方法促成了她研究的成功。故选D。 C Intensity exercises often get praised for their role in preventing illnesses like high blood pressure, heart disease, and Type 2 diabetes-not to mention their mental health benefits. But there’s a common mistake: the more intense the exercise, the better the benefits. A recent research shows that low-to-moderate (低到中等的) intensity exercise,such as Zone 2 training,maybe just as-or even more-effective for improving health and endurance (持久力). Exercise intensity is often broken down into five separate heart rate zones, each representing a different percentage of your maximum heart rate. Zone 2, which falls between 60 to 70 percent of a person’s maximum heart rate, is “your all-day pace”. Theoretically, it’s at such a low intensity that you can keep going and going. This kind of exercise offers a unique advantage：it's just below the lactate threshold (乳酸阈值) the point where lactate-an essential energy source-builds up in the blood faster than it can be removed. As exercise intensity increases beyond Zone 2, the body’s energy demands shift to favor a lactate-producing system over a lactate-consuming one. At these higher intensities, carbohydrate (碳水化合物) use increases as a rapid fuel source while fat burning slows down. Zone 2 exercises can provide a competitive advantage for endurance athletes, as fat is more readily available as an energy source than sugars. “If you are able to use fat as an energy source when you are exercising, you are going to reduce your reliance on sugar stores,” says Holmer,an exercise scientist. It also improves endurance by increasing the body’s ability to use a more efficient way for longer periods of exercise. For people just starting a fitness routine, Zone 2 training has some additional benefits,the major one being that it is sustainable. Zone 2 training can be done at a moderate pace, leaving a person feeling better the next day and ready to go again. In contrast, over-reliance on high-intensity training can lead to quicker burnout and longer recovery times.“Exercise doesn’t have to hurt,” Holmer says. 28. How can we describe “your all-day pace” in paragraph 2? A. Sustainable. B. Difficult. C. Unchanged. D. Unrealistic. 29. Which of the following happens when Zone 2 training is done? A. The burning of fat slows down. B. The use of carbohydrate is enhanced. C. Lactate is removed faster than it is built up. D. The lactate-producing system is favored. 30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. How Zone 2 training benefits endurance. B. Whether Zone 2 training is good to athletes. C. What is used as energy sources for Zone 2 exercises. D. Why a more efficient way is used for Zone 2 exercises. 31. What does Holmer suggest starters do by saying “Exercise doesn’t have to hurt”? A. Stop doing too much Zone 2 training. B. Stop doing high-intensity training. C. Do training at a moderate pace. D. Do less exercise to avoid hurting themselves. 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了低到中等强度的运动（如Zone 2训练）对健康和耐力的益处，尤其是其在预防疾病、提高身体效率方面的优势。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Zone 2, which falls between 60 to 70 percent of a person’s maximum heart rate, is “ your all-day pace.” Theoretically, it’s at such a low intensity that you can keep going and going.(Zone 2训练处于一个人最大心率的60%到70%之间，是“你全天的节奏”。理论上，它的强度很低，你可以持续进行)”可知，“your all-day pace”指的是可持续的运动节奏。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This kind of exercise offers a unique advantage：it’s just below the lactate threshold the point where lactate-an essential energy source-builds up in the blood faster than it can be removed.(这种运动有一个独特的优势：它刚好低于乳酸阈值，乳酸是一种必需的能量来源，在血液中积累的速度比去除的速度要快)”可知，Zone 2训练时，乳酸的清除速度比积累速度快。故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“For people just starting a fitness routine, Zone 2 training has some additional benefits,the major one being that it is sustainable. Zone 2 training can be done at a moderate pace, leaving a person feeling better the next day and ready to go again.(对于刚开始健身的人来说，Zone 2训练有一些额外的好处，主要的是它是可持续的。Zone 2训练可以以适度的速度进行，让一个人在第二天感觉更好，并准备好再次进行)”可知，本段主要讲述Zone 2训练如何增强耐力。故选A。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“For people just starting a fitness routine, Zone 2 training has some additional benefits,the major one being that it is sustainable. Zone 2 training can be done at a moderate pace, leaving a person feeling better the next day and ready to go again. In contrast, over-reliance on high-intensity training can lead to quicker burnout and longer recovery times.“Exercise doesn’t have to hurt,“ Holmer says.对于刚开始健身的人来说，Zone 2训练有一些额外的好处，主要的是它是可持续的。Zone 2训练可以以适度的速度进行，让一个人在第二天感觉更好，并准备好再次进行。相反，过度依赖高强度训练会导致更快的疲劳和更长的恢复时间。“运动并不一定会造成伤害，”霍尔默说)”可知，Holmer建议初学者以适度的速度进行训练。选故选C。 D “Digital switching” is a term refers to the modern habit of swiping (刷) through and fast-forwarding online videos. Researchers from Canada did some exploration of it. Kay Y.Y.Tam, a psychology researcher, launched the study after noticing herself — and pretty much everyone else — swiping through online videos. This behavior was connected with the “Boredom Feedback Model”, a theory she had published in 2021. Boredom, she proposed, is rooted in attention shifts. These shifts often occur when there’s a gap between how engaged people actually feel and how engaged they want to feel. The unpleasant emotion can develop when a situation lacks novelty or meaning. “As digital switching involves frequent attention shifts, I wondered how this behavior might influence our feelings of boredom,” Tam said. In her study, more than 1,200 participants, many of them university students, first watched a single video for ten minutes. They were then presented with seven shorter videos, with the option to skip to the next. On average, they skipped eight times — but reported feeling more bored and less engaged when they watched the single video. Participants had a similar experience in another similar experiment. “I’m convinced that switching, when it comes to videos, is not a good idea if the goal is to have an enjoyable experience,” said Erin Westgate, a professor of psychology. “Sitting and toughing it out is likely a better choice.” The new findings add to a growing body of evidence that boredom is on the rise, despite a world filled with content we can access at all times. People who are bored often turn to their phones, only to feel more bored. Swiping on social media has also been linked to increased feelings of boredom. Boredom can motivate people to explore their environment and to stop investing time in an activity that has little to offer. However, if we rely too much on quick escapes, it would be like an animal jumping from tree to tree in search of food without staying long enough to see if a tree bears fruit. That animal risks starvation. 32. What is the cause of attention shifts according to Tam’s theory? A. The feeling of boredom. B. The unsatisfied desire. C. The degree of engagement. D. The lack of emotion. 33. What does Tam’s study of “digital switching” focus on? A. Its reason. B. Its consequence. C. The theory behind it. D. The solution to it. 34. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To solve a problem. B. To make a suggestion. C. To raise a question. D. To give a warning. 35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Digital Switching: the End of Endless Boredom B. Digital Switching: the Result of Endless Boredom C. Digital Switching: the Trap of Endless Boredom D. Digital Switching: the Root of Endless Boredom 【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“数字转换”以及这种行为产生的原因和带来的影响。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Boredom, she proposed, is rooted in attention shifts. These shifts often occur when there’s a gap between how engaged people actually feel and how engaged they want to feel. The unpleasant emotion can develop when a situation lacks novelty or meaning.(她提出，无聊的根源在于注意力的转移。当人们实际感受到的投入程度和他们想要感受到的投入程度之间存在差距时，这些转移就会发生。当情况缺乏新意或意义时，这种不愉快的情绪就会产生)”可知，根据Tam的理论，注意力转移的原因是未满足的欲望。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““As digital switching involves frequent attention shifts, I wondered how this behavior might influence our feelings of boredom,” Tam said.(“由于数字切换涉及到频繁的注意力转移，我想知道这种行为会如何影响我们的无聊感，”Tam说)”可知，Tam对“数字转移”的研究重点是最终导致的结果。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Boredom can motivate people to explore their environment and to stop investing time in an activity that has little to offer. However, if we rely too much on quick escapes, it would be like an animal jumping from tree to tree in search of food without staying long enough to see if a tree bears fruit. That animal risks starvation.(无聊可以激励人们去探索周围的环境，停止在没有什么意义的活动上投入时间。然而，如果我们过于依赖快速逃跑，就会像一只动物从一棵树跳到另一棵树去寻找食物，而没有停留足够长的时间来看看一棵树是否结果。那只动物有饿死的危险)”可知，最后一段的主要目的是给出警告。故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段““Digital switching” is a term refers to the modern habit of swiping (刷) through and fast-forwarding online videos. Researchers from Canada did some exploration of it.(“数字转换”是一个术语，指的是在网络视频中快速切换的现代习惯。来自加拿大的研究人员对此进行了一些探索)”结合文章主要解释了什么是“数字转换”以及这种行为产生的原因和带来的影响可知，C选项“数字转换：无尽无聊的陷阱”最符合文章标题。故选C。 苏锡常镇二模 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Adoption Events:What to expect Adoption events held by Lucky Dog Animal Rescue provide the best way for you to meet multiple animals at once.As soon as you arrive,be sure to check in with the adoption table to confirm the animals you are interested in are still available,and be sure to arrive early. Attending an adoption event can be stressful,but we promise to help you find the ideal family member.Join us in our commitment to adopt,don't shop,and discover the joy that comes with welcoming a new four-legged family member into your home. When and where are Adoption Events? Lucky Dog Animal Rescue hosts adoption events weekly on Saturdays from 12-2PM and Sundays from 12-3PM.Lucky Dog's adoption events move around the DC metro area and are held at partner pet stores and other locations.All event time and locations can be found on our calendar. Is there anything I need to bring? If you are not pre-approved,please be sure to bring(1)your rent contract if you rent so we can confirm you are allowed pets(TIP:we may need to speak to your landlord so please have them ready for your call);and (2)pet health records to demonstrate your current animal's health care history and/or the status (状况) of any animals owned within the last 3-5 years. 1. What should you do upon arriving at an adoption event? A. Attend rescue animal training. B. Design an adoption application form. C. Confirm availability of desired animals. D. Contact your landlord for approval. 2. How often does Lucky Dog Animal Rescue host adoption events? A. Every weekday. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month. D. Every other week. 3. What might be the primary goal of Lucky Dog Animal Rescue? A. To sell pet products. B. To promote animal health. C. To train new pet owners. D. To encourage pet adoption. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Lucky Dog Animal Rescue举办宠物领养活动，包含领养活动的相关信息，如到达后要做的事、活动举办频率以及其目的等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As soon as you arrive, be sure to check in with the adoption table to confirm the animals you are interested in are still available, and be sure to arrive early.(你一到达，一定要在领养登记处登记，确认你感兴趣的动物是否仍然可供领养，并且一定要早点到)”可知，到达领养活动现场后要确认想要的动物是否可以领养。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Lucky Dog Animal Rescue hosts adoption events weekly on Saturdays from 12-2PM and Sundays from 12-3PM.(Lucky Dog 动物救援组织每周六下午12点到2点，周日下午12点到3点举办领养活动)”可知，该组织每周举办两次领养活动。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Adoption events held by Lucky Dog Animal Rescue provide the best way for you to meet multiple animals at once.(Lucky Dog 动物救援组织举办的领养活动为你提供了一次见到多种动物的最佳方式)”以及第二段“Join us in our commitment to adopt, don't shop, and discover the joy that comes with welcoming a new four-legged family member into your home.(加入我们，承诺领养而不是购买，并发现欢迎一个新的四条腿的家庭成员进入你家所带来的快乐)”可知，Lucky Dog Animal Rescue举办领养活动的主要目标是鼓励宠物领养。故选D。 B Learning new languages can be empowering opening doors to connect with people from different cultures. Recently, a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way. Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online. The incident occurred in Saskatoon,one of Canada's largest cities, with a growing Chinese community. Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him. Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock. With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu. He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese, “Is this sour pickle (泡菜) soup hot?” The waitress replied, “Yes, a little bit spicy.” Cali, who works as an English teacher, was fine with mild spice, replying,“Oh, I just want to order one.” When she asked about his other food preferences, he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles. The waitress then listed the restaurant's six types of noodles, including three round and three flat varieties. Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in Chinese, requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish's preparation to help him order. After some thought, he chose the thinnest of the round noodles. Curious about his language skills,Cali then asked,“Can you understand me?” and waited eagerly for her response. The waitress confirmed she could, leaving Cali visibly moved. The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous (自发的) moment without any forced emotion. 4. How did the waitress feel at Cali's greeting in Chinese? A. Surprised. B. Confused. C. Annoyed. D. Uninterested. 5. What may have impressed the audience most in Cali's video? A. The Chinese food. B. The Chinese language. C. His genuine use of Chinese. D. His knowledge of Chinese noodles. 6. What can we learn from Cali's conversation with the waitress? A. He was eager to practice Chinese. B. He struggled with mild spicy food. C. He turned down her offer of help. D. He found it effortless to discuss the menu. 7. What does the article mainly talk about? A. Language barriers of dining out. B. The challenges of learning Chinese. C. A heartwarming cultural exchange. D. The importance of being communicative. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大居民卡利・洛佩兹在当地一家兰州面馆用中文与服务员交流的经历，展现了一次温暖人心的文化交流，他用中文交流的真诚时刻在社交媒体上受到广泛赞扬。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock.(用她的母语和她打招呼，他差点让她震惊)”可知，服务员对卡利用中文和她打招呼感到很惊讶。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous (自发的) moment without any forced emotion.(这段一分钟的真诚且发自内心的交流视频在社交媒体上受到广泛赞扬，因为它记录了一个真实、自发的时刻，没有任何强迫的情感)”可推知，最让观众印象深刻的是卡利真诚地使用中文。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu.(卡利面带微笑，礼貌地问服务员是否可以练习一下中文，然后开始用她的语言点餐，询问有关菜单的问题)”可推知，卡利渴望练习中文。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇提到“Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures.(学习新语言能够赋予力量，为与不同文化背景的人交流打开大门)”，引出卡利在面馆与中国服务员用中文交流这一事件。接着详细描述了他们之间的对话过程，卡利真诚地用中文点餐、询问，服务员热情回应。最后一段指出“The one - minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous moment without any forced emotion.(这段一分钟的真诚交流视频在社交媒体上广受赞誉，因为它记录了一个真实、自发的时刻，没有任何做作的情感)”可知，文章主要讲述了一场暖心的文化交流。故选C。 C “If your skin is getting older, you are getting older, so be careful,” says Claudia Cavadas at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Could our fight to remove wrinkles help restore youth both inside and out? As skin ages, more and more cells enter a lifeless state called senescence (衰老). As time marches on, the mechanisms (机制) for clearing senescent cells out start to decline and they build up in tissues. This is bad news. The build-up of these cells has been shown to be a direct cause of some of the conditions that are generally more common in older age. To support her assumption around wrinkles driving whole-body ageing, Cavadas is planning to test experimental drugs on animal models of aged skin. “The evidence is still fragile, but, in a year, we will have experimental data” she says. Whether resisting skin ageing resists whole-body ageing will need to be seen. But there is another good reason to slow down skin ageing at least. Aged skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do, says a plastic surgeon. Its barrier functions weaken, wounds are slower to heal (康复), sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened. How about anti-wrinkle creams? At present, there is limited evidence that they are genuine anti-ageing treatments. We do, however, have one method for preventing skin ageing: sunscreen, which absorbs UV rays before they do damage to the skin. It is never too soon to start. Even though the first visible signs of skin ageing usually don’t appear until our mid-20s, the potential processes are under way much earlier. Apparently, wrinkle treatment should no longer be seen as a “skin-deep” thing, but as a vital part of staying biologically young and healthy. Everyone should pay attention to that, because we all have skin in this game. 8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The definition of senescence. B. The causes of skin ageing. C. The process of cell declining. D. The consequences of skin ageing. 9. What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Artificial. B. Considerable. C. Insubstantial. D. Convincing. 10. Which is a disadvantage of the aged skin? A. It tends to be sensitive to touches. B. The cut on it recovers quickly. C. The barrier functions work poorly. D. It stops guarding against diseases. 11. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Anti-wrinkle creams are quite useful. B. Wrinkle treatment is important to health. C. Sunscreen may pose potential risk to the skin. D. Wrinkle treatment is a practice proven skin-deep. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了皮肤老化与全身老化的关系，以及科学家对此的研究和探索，同时涉及了抗衰老的方法和防晒的重要性。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第二段第一句“As skin ages, more and more cells enter a lifeless state called senescence(衰老) .(随着皮肤老化，越来越多的细胞进入一种无活力的状态，这种状态被称为衰老)”描述了随着皮肤老化，细胞进入衰老状态；接着提到“As time marches on, the mechanisms (机制) for clearing senescent cells out start to decline and they build up in tissues.(随着时间的推移，清除衰老细胞的机制开始衰退，衰老细胞在组织中不断积聚)”即清除衰老细胞的机制衰退，衰老细胞在组织中积聚；最后一句“The build-up of these cells has been shown to be a direct cause of some of the conditions that are generally more common in older age.(已经证实，这些细胞的积聚是一些老年常见病症的直接诱因)”表明这些细胞的积聚是老年常见病症的直接诱因。因此第二段主要讲述了皮肤老化的后果。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句““The evidence is still fragile, but, in a year, we will have experimental data” she says.(她说：“目前的证据还fragile，但一年后，我们将获得实验数据。”)”中的but可知，后面说“一年后我们将有实验数据”，说明目前证据还不充分。选项C“Insubstantial(不充实的；无实质内容的；不牢固的)”符合目前证据还不够有力，还比较薄弱的意思。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Aged skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do, says a plastic surgeon. Its barrier functions weaken, wounds are slower to heal (康复), sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened.(一位整形外科医生说，衰老的皮肤在几乎所有它应有的功能方面都比年轻皮肤差。皮肤的屏障功能减弱，伤口愈合速度变慢，对触摸的敏感度下降，抵御疾病的能力也变弱了)”可知，老年皮肤的屏障功能会减弱，即其屏障功能较差。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Apparently, wrinkle treatment should no longer be seen as a “skin-deep” thing, but as a vital part of staying biologically young and healthy. Everyone should pay attention to that, because we all have skin in this game.(显然，皱纹治疗不应再被视为一件“表面”的事情，而应被视为保持生理年轻和健康的重要部分。每个人都应该重视这一点，因为在这场与衰老的对抗中，我们都拥有皮肤)”可知，皱纹治疗不应只被看作是表面的事情，而是保持生理年轻和健康的重要部分。由此推知，皱纹治疗对健康很重要。故选B。 D Powered by the enthusiasm of fans, many stars are emphasizing sustainability in their tours and live events. In many parts of the world, summer calendars are packed with music festivals. But on 25 August, Act 1.5, one of such shows, tried to be something different. Advertised as a “climate action accelerator (加速器)”, it showed the cooperation between a band called Massive Attack and scientists at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of Manchester, UK, to reduce carbon emissions (排放) in the live music industry. Such efforts are much needed. In 2010, researchers estimated that the UK music industry produced some 540, 000 tonnes of greenhouse-gas emissions annually. Live music accounted for 74%of that. Those figures are likely to have risen. Many in the music industry are advocating ever more loudly on sustainability. Radiohead, Coldplay, and Billie Eilish are just some of the famous Western stars who have declared initiatives to make live events more sustainable. These initiatives have not always met with the approval of climate campaigners. One common criticism is that stars’ advocacy often focuses on the actions of individual fans. When it comes to high-energy aspects of touring, such as stage power requirements and artists’ travel, their preferred solution is often to find alternative ways to cancel out impact, rather than reducing emissions directly. However, it is heartening to see that some real change has already been achieved. In 2023, for the first time, the long-running Glastonbury Festival in the United Kingdom was powered only by fossil-fuel-free (非化石燃料) energy. In June 2024, Coldplay announced that direct emissions from its current world tour were almost 60%lower than those of its 2016-17 stadium tour. Historically, music has played a key part in social movements. The industry now has the chance to be a role model for real change. A 2022 report by researchers at the University of Glasgow, UK, found that music fans are more likely to care about climate change than non-music fans. So, the change will come when it is driven by those highest up in the music industry and backed by good science. 12. What makes the Act 1.5 music event special? A Demonstrating a different musical style. B. Promoting the cooperation between bands. C. Funding scientific research on climate. D. Taking green actions based on science. 13. What is the purpose of listing data in the third paragraph? A. To highlight the UK music industry’s success. B. To indicate the challenges in the UK music industry. C. To criticize the rising costs of the UK music festivals. D. To stress the emission impact of the UK music industry. 14. Why do climate campaigners sometimes disapprove of stars’ advocacy? A. It emphasizes reducing artists’ travel emission. B. It focuses on fans cutting down emissions. C. It prefers to use fossil-fuel-free energy. D. It ignores the action of individual fans. 15. What is the author’s attitude to the music industry addressing climate issues? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Critical. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了音乐行业在可持续性方面的努力和变革。文章还提到了音乐行业在倡导可持续性方面所面临的批评和挑战，以及已经取得的一些实际成果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But on 25 August, Act 1.5, one of such shows, tried to be something different. Advertised as a “climate action accelerator(加速器)”, it showed the cooperation between a band called Massive Attack and scientists at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of Manchester, UK, to reduce carbon emissions(排放)in the live music industry.(但在8月25日，名为“Act 1.5”的演出尝试做出一些不同的改变。这场演出被宣传为一个“气候行动加速器”，它展示了一个名为“大规模攻击”的乐队与英国曼彻斯特大学气候变化研究廷德尔中心的科学家之间的合作，目的是减少现场音乐行业的碳排放。)”可知，让Act 1.5音乐活动特别的是基于科学采取绿色行动。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Such efforts are much needed. In 2010, researchers estimated that the UK music industry produced some 540, 000 tonnes of greenhouse-gas emissions annually. Live music accounted for 74%of that. Those figures are likely to have risen.(这样的努力是非常有必要的。2010年，研究人员估计英国音乐行业每年产生约54万吨的温室气体排放。现场音乐占其中的74%。这些数字很可能已经上升了。)”可知，数据表明英国音乐产业的温室气体排放量较大，强调了其排放影响。因此，第三段列举数据的目的是强调英国音乐产业的排放影响。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“One common criticism is that stars’ advocacy often focuses on the actions of individual fans. When it comes to high-energy aspects of touring, such as stage power requirements and artists’ travel, their preferred solution is often to find alternative ways to cancel out impact, rather than reducing emissions directly.(一个常见的批评是，明星们的倡导往往集中在个体粉丝的行动上。当涉及到巡演中高能耗的方面，比如舞台电力需求和艺人的出行时，他们偏爱的解决方案往往是寻找替代方式来抵消影响，而不是直接减少排放。)”可知，气候活动家对明星倡导的一个常见批评是，明星们的倡导往往侧重于个体粉丝的行动。当涉及到巡演中高能耗方面（如舞台电力需求和艺人出行）时，他们偏爱的解决方案往往是寻找替代方式来抵消影响，而不是直接减少排放。因此，气候活动家有时不赞成明星的倡导是因为它侧重于粉丝减少排放。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“However, it is heartening to see that some real change has already been achieved. In 2023, for the first time, the long-running Glastonbury Festival in the United Kingdom was powered only by fossil-fuel-free(非化石燃料)energy. In June 2024, Coldplay announced that direct emissions from its current world tour were almost 60%lower than those of its 2016-17 stadium tour.(然而，令人欣慰的是，一些切实的改变已经实现了。2023年，英国历史悠久的格拉斯顿伯里音乐节首次完全使用无化石燃料能源来供电。2024年6月，酷玩乐队宣布其当前世界巡演的直接排放量比2016-2017年的体育场巡演低了近60%。)”可知，作者用“heartening”来形容看到的一些切实的改变，并且列举了英国格拉斯顿伯里音乐节使用无化石燃料能源以及酷玩乐队巡演排放量降低等积极的例子。所以，作者对音乐行业解决气候问题的态度是积极的。故选C。 南京，盐城一模 3月 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A This coffee cup is a high-quality product designed for coffee lovers. It is made with great attention to detail to enhance your coffee-drinking experience. Material The cup is made of high-quality ceramic. Ceramic is known for its ability to maintain heat well, keeping your coffee warm for a longer period. It also gives a smooth and pleasant touch when you hold the cup. The handle is firmly attached to the cup. It is made of the same ceramic material, ensuring durability and a seamless (无缝的) look. Design ◆The coffee cup has a standard capacity of 300ml. This size is perfect for a regular cup of coffee, whether it is a latte (拿铁), espresso, or cappuccino. ◆The cup has a classic round shape. The opening is wide enough for easy sipping and also allows the pleasant smell to be fully released. Usage Instructions ◆Before using the coffee cup for the first time, it is recommended to wash it with warm water and mild cleaner. ◆When pouring coffee into the cup, be careful not to overfill it. ◆After use, wash the cup instantly. It is dishwasher-safe, but hand-washing can also be used to extend its lifespan (使用寿命). Maintenance ◆Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example, do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break. ◆Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place. 1. Which section can readers refer to for storage requirements? A. Material. B. Design. C. Usage Instructions. D. Maintenance. 2. What do we know about the cup’s material? A. It is sensitive to mild cleaner. B. It has properties of absorbing heat. C. It helps smooth the holder’s hand skin. D. It is subject to sudden temperature changes. 3. What is the text? A. A product report. B. A user guide. C. A cup advertisement. D. A coffee recipe. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款高质量咖啡杯的材质、设计、使用说明和维护保养等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中的“Maintenance”部分提到的“Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place.(将咖啡杯存放在干燥、干净的地方)”可知，读者可以参考“Maintenance”部分来了解存储要求。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Material”部分提到的“Ceramic is known for its ability to maintain heat well.(陶瓷以其良好的保温能力而闻名)”以及“Maintenance”部分提到的“Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example, do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break.(避免温度突然变化。例如，不要将极热的咖啡倒入冷杯子或将热杯子直接放入冷水中，因为这可能会导致陶瓷破裂)”可知，陶瓷材料虽然保温性能好，但容易因温差过大而破裂。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了咖啡杯的材料(Material)、设计(Design)、使用说明(Usage Instructions)和保养方法(Maintenance)，目的是帮助用户正确使用和保养咖啡杯。这种内容通常出现在用户指南中。因此，文章最可能是一份用户指南。故选B项。 B Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller (婴儿车) Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. From the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC's appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, "How are you feeling?" Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy (孕期), also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother's Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father's Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn't expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about "being honest and sharing". 4. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers' emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers' vital role in childcare. 5. What makes DSSC appealing? A. Parenting instructions. B. Good childcare service. C. Supportive atmosphere. D. Diverse member backgrounds. 6. Why is the May event mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To illustrate another aim of DSSC. B. To justify the founder's personal experience. C. To stress the importance of DSSC. D. To show an ideal husband-wife relationship. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. DSSC's influence on its members. C. The necessity to identify weaknesses. D. Bridgewater's devotion to fatherhood. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了由 Kalvin Bridgewater 创立的 Daddy Stroller Social Club (DSSC)，该组织为父亲们提供了一个交流和获得情感支持的平台，帮助父亲们更好地面对育儿和生活中的问题，对成员们产生了积极的影响。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. From the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up(布兰登・肖给他的父亲写了一封83页的打印信。在Blacklit书店，卡尔文・布里奇沃特带领包括他自己的父亲（坐在肖旁边）在内的15位父亲参加了一场情感活动，在活动中，这些人深入探讨了他们在成长过程中对父亲的讨厌、喜爱、误解和感激之处)”以及第二段“It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another.(现在，它在活动中吸引了150多位父亲，在这些活动中，父亲们通过共同的经历建立联系，并相互提供情感支持)”可知，DSSC 组织的活动让父亲们能够表达情感，相互支持，促进了父亲们的情感健康。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling?”(DSSC 的吸引力很广泛，吸引了来自不同职业的父亲，包括医生、工程师和电工。该组织强调情感支持，成员们定期相互问候。正如肖所说，这个组织提供了一个让男性可以敞开心扉的空间，问“你感觉怎么样？)”可知，DSSC吸引人的地方在于它提供了一个相互支持的氛围，让父亲们能够获得情感上的支持。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy (孕期), also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother's Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children(布里奇沃特成为了一名认证的产妇陪护师，以便在妻子怀孕期间更好地支持她，他还确保DSSC为伴侣们留出一些属于他们自己的时间。在母亲节前夕安排的一场五月份的活动中，母亲们休息一天，而父亲们则花时间与孩子们建立联系)”可知，DSSC为伴侣们留出一些属于他们自己的时间。在母亲节前夕安排的一场五月份的活动中，母亲们休息一天，可推理出提到五月份的活动是为了说明DSSC的另一个目标，即让伴侣们有自己的时间，同时也让父亲们有机会和孩子建立联系。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing(布兰登・肖形容这段经历具有变革性，他说这帮助他正视了自己的弱点，而这些弱点他以前一直隐藏着。他把为父亲节写给他父亲的信寄了出去。信很快就会到。他说他不期望得到回复，只希望他的父亲能读一读。正如布里奇沃特所说，为人父就是“诚实和分享”)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了DSSC对成员布兰登・肖的影响，让他能够正视自己的弱点。故选B项。 C Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. “It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain, which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans (扫描),” says Joseph DeSouza, author of the study. “These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey. Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson’s disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson’s program at Canada’s National Ballet School, along with family members or caregivers. Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months, progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more. The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), a brain region linked to depression. They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. The researchers found that after each dance class, reported depression rates dropped, and the effect was increasing from class to class, with significant improvements after 8 months. “We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression,” says DeSouza. “Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms (症状) appear.” Dance is thought to have a double benefit, with music activating the brain’s reward centers, and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits. DeSouza, dancing with participants for 14 years, says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson’s disease by itself, the benefits are clear. “We’re not trying to cure it with dance,” he says. “What we’re trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life. This goes for both the patients, and their families that take care of them.” 8. What do we know about the results of the two detection methods? A. They fall short of expectations. B. They are more accurate than before. C. They are distinct from each other. D. They show consistent conclusions. 9. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By referring to previous studies. B. By making pre-post comparisons. C. By employing computer modeling. D. By conducting drug experiments. 10. What did the researchers find about the SCG? A. It is in charge of motor system. B. It can be measured by the GDS. C. Dancing slows down its functioning. D. Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. Dancing Away Parkinson’s Blues B. Dancing: Multiple Benefits To Be Seen C. Dancing With Your Mood Circuits D. Dancing: A Journey To Mental Well-being 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了舞蹈可缓解帕金森病患者的抑郁症状，通过MRI扫描和问卷调查验证其效果。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods. (我们的研究是首次通过这两种检测方法来证明这些益处的。)”可知，这两种检测方法均可以证明益处，即它们得出了一致的结论。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. (他们使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）在每节课前后测量情绪和抑郁，并定期进行MRI扫描。)”可知，研究人员在每节课前后测量情绪和抑郁，是通过前后对比来进行研究的。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression, (我们发现，SCG的BOLD（血氧水平依赖性）信号在跳舞时会减弱，这意味着SCG的功能不如抑郁症患者运行得那么快)”可知，跳舞会让SCG的运行速度放缓。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. (一项新的研究表明，跳舞可以降低与帕金森氏症相关的抑郁，其益处通过多种方式看出。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了舞蹈可缓解帕金森病患者的抑郁症状，通过MRI扫描和问卷调查验证其效果，所以“跳舞远离帕金森氏症的忧郁”适合作为文章标题。故选A。 D Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 12. What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 13. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 14. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C. Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 15. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C. AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发出的一种新型的人工智能模型——MovieNet，并详细说明其原理、优势以及潜在应用。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“This brain-inspired AI model(这个受大脑启发的人工智能模型)”和下文的内容“how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world(神经元是如何实时感知世界的)”可知，既然这种人工智能模型是受人类大脑启发的，那么它肯定是可以模仿神经元对世界的感知。因此，划线单词simulating的意为“模仿”或“复制”，与动词copying意义一致。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene.(蝌蚪的神经元处理这些视觉输入就像解决拼图一样：每一块单独可能都没有意义，但它们一起形成了一个完整的运动图像。不同的神经元处理现实生活中运动图像的各种“拼图”，然后大脑将它们组合成一个连续的场景。)”和第四段的句子“Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes.(利用这种理解，研究人员训练MovieNet通过识别小的视觉信号来处理视频片段，使其能够区分场景中的小变化。)”可知，MovieNet是通过整合动态图像来识别场景中的微小变化的。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact.(传统的人工智能需要大量的数据和能源，但MovieNet像压缩文件一样压缩数据，减少了对环境的影响。)”可知，MovieNet通过压缩数据减少了对环境的影响，即其能耗较低。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“By designing models that think like living organisms, we can achieve efficiency levels that aren’t possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.(通过设计像生物体一样思考的模型，我们可以达到传统人工智能无法达到的效率水平，”克莱恩说，“生物学是一座金矿。)”可知，Cline认为通过模仿生物体的思维方式设计模型，可以达到传统AI无法实现的效率水平，并称生物学为“金矿”。因此，可以推断出从生物学中汲取灵感是很有前景的。故选D项。 南京二模 5月 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead! The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. (园艺爱好者们，为即将到来的激动人心的一年做好准备吧！2025年美国园艺展将展示令人惊叹的花卉布置、创新的景观设计理念以及最新的园艺趋势。)”可知，文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享关于园艺活动的信息。 Choosing the Right Shows Pick shows that match your interests. The Northeast offers classic flower displays. Northwest exhibitions highlight native species. Southwest shows focus on desert plants. Check show dates carefully. Some run for just a day or weekend, while others last a week or more. Think about what you want to see most. Ticketing and Entrance Fees Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. Some shows have multi-day passes if you want to visit more than once. (尽早买票，因为展会会为提前购票提供折扣。) Prices vary by show and location. VIP or preview night tickets often cost more but give you early access. Some shows include free workshops with admission. Travel Tips If you’re flying, compare prices at different airports. Some cities have multiple options. Rental cars give you freedom to explore, but parking can be tricky at show venues. Volunteering Opportunities Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills. Many events need volunteers to greet guests, answer questions, or help with setting up the exhibitions. (在园艺展中帮忙是一种认识人和学习新技能的有趣方式。) Check show websites or social media to find out how to sign up. Volunteering often comes with free entry and behind-the-scenes access. It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. (这是你在支持园艺界的同时建立人脉的好方法。) 1. What might be a benefit of buying tickets early? A. Reduced prices. B. Multi-day admission. C. Flexible show dates. D. Guaranteed free workshops. 2. Being a volunteer of the events, you can ________. A. run a social media account B. enjoy free Internet service C. approve exhibit layouts D. develop your social ties 3. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To attract exhibition volunteers. B. To sell flowers and plants. C. To share information on garden events. D. To offer practical tips for travelers. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，包括如何选择合适的展览、购票优惠、旅行建议以及志愿者机会等。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Ticketing and Entrance Fees部分第一段中“Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. (尽早买票，因为展会会为提前购票提供折扣。)”可知，提前买票的好处是可以享受折扣，即价格降低。故选A。 【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Volunteering Opportunities部分第一段中“Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills.(在园艺展中帮忙是一种认识人和学习新技能的有趣方式。)”和第二段中“It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. (这是你在支持园艺界的同时建立人脉的好方法。)”可知，作为活动的志愿者，你可以发展你的社交关系。故选D。 【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead!The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. (园艺爱好者们，为即将到来的激动人心的一年做好准备吧！2025年美国园艺展将展示令人惊叹的花卉布置、创新的景观设计理念以及最新的园艺趋势。)”可知，文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享关于园艺活动的信息。故选C。 B ①Anyone who has ever been around a cat for any length of time well knows cats have great patience. Yikes! My cat changed a lot recently. In just a week or so, my calm, adorable, long-haired Rusty turned into the attack cat of the century! It was not what I needed at all! Wasn’t the rest of my life in enough chaos? Changes at work. Changes in relationships. I already felt as if my entire world was falling apart. Nothing calmed my cat down either. He ran and dove in every direction. He broke every single rule we had ever had to keep peace in the home we shared. He’d turned into a cat I’d never met before! Finally, I took Rusty to the vet. After careful examination, the vet shook his head, “Not a thing wrong with him, Miss. He’s doing great.” (就在短短一周左右的时间里，我那温顺可爱的长毛猫Rusty变成了世纪攻击猫！) (而且什么都没法让我的猫安静下来。它四处狂奔乱扑，打破了我们为了维持家中和谐而制定的每一条规矩。它变成了一只我从未见过的猫！最后，我带Rusty去看了兽医)”可知，作者带Rusty去看兽医是因为它变得异常凶猛。 (经过仔细检查，兽医摇了摇头说：“它一点问题都没有，小姐。它状态很好。”) ②“No,” I argued with anger, “he’s not great. He’s absolutely awful.” I almost burst into tears. (“不，”我生气地反驳道，“它不好。它糟糕透顶了。”我几乎要哭出来了)”可知，作者几乎哭出来是因为她认为兽医没有发现问题。 ③Then the vet asked the most insightful question that anyone had ever asked me — at least, anytime recently. “So,” said my cat’s kindhearted vet, “how has your life been going lately?” Shock shot through me. “Me?” I stared at him, essentially speechless, ready to throw myself into his cat-cradling arms. I managed a relatively coherent response. “Not so good,” I admitted. (我家猫咪那善良的兽医说：“那么，你最近生活过得怎么样？”我顿时感到震惊。“我？”我盯着他，几乎说不出话来，恨不得扑进他抱着猫的怀里。我好不容易组织出还算连贯的回答。“不太好，”我承认道。) ④The kindly cat doctor nodded and replied, “Just what I suspected. Often, the human-to-cat bond is so powerful that a perfectly healthy cat will act out in response to his human’s emotional stresses.” (这位和蔼的猫医生点了点头，回答说：“正如我所料。人与猫之间的联系非常紧密，一只完全健康的猫常常会因为主人的情绪压力而表现失常。”)”可知，作者对兽医的问题感到震惊，并觉得兽医理解了自己的处境，即作者感到被兽医理解了。 ⑤I nodded along, thinking. “Yes. yes. yes. yes. yes!” ⑥“Do your best,” our doctor told us both, “to be calm, patient and kind. Once you’re doing better, then Rusty will do better, too.” ⑦That day turned us around. I got some good, professional treatment for my super stressors. (那天改变了我们。我得到了很好的专业治疗来缓解我的巨大压力) ⑧Rusty got a kinder, gentler me with more ear touches and back petting. (Rusty得到了一个更友善、更温柔的我，我会更多地抚摸它的耳朵和背部)”可推知，作者在看完兽医后感到宽慰和平静。 24. Why did the author take Rusty to the vet? A. He suffered heavy hair loss. B. He lost his sense of direction. C. He became unusually wild. D. He showed temporary inactivity. 25. The author nearly cried because she thought ________. A. the vet announced good news B. the vet didn’t find the problem C. the vet didn’t express sympathy D. the vet drew an awful conclusion 26. What does the underlined sentence imply? A. The author felt understood by the vet B. The author was impatient with the vet. C. The author favored the treatment for Rusty. D. The author knew Rusty was to recover soon. 27. How did the author feel after visiting the vet? A. Relieved and calm. B. Amused and proud. C. Motivated and passionate. D. Grateful and determined. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现自己的猫行为异常后带其就医，并从兽医那里得知猫的行为变化可能与自己的情绪压力有关的故事。 【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In just a week or so, my calm, adorable, long-haired Rusty turned into the attack cat of the century! (就在短短一周左右的时间里，我那温顺可爱的长毛猫Rusty变成了世纪攻击猫！)”及“Nothing calmed my cat down either. He ran and dove in every direction. He broke every single rule we had ever had to keep peace in the home we shared. He’d turned into a cat I’d never met before! Finally, I took Rusty to the vet.(而且什么都没法让我的猫安静下来。它四处狂奔乱扑，打破了我们为了维持家中和谐而制定的每一条规矩。它变成了一只我从未见过的猫！最后，我带Rusty去看了兽医)”可知，作者带Rusty去看兽医是因为它变得异常凶猛。故选C。 【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“After careful examination, the vet shook his head, “Not a thing wrong with him, Miss. He’s doing great.” (经过仔细检查，兽医摇了摇头说：“它一点问题都没有，小姐。它状态很好。”)”和第二段中““No,” I argued with anger, “he’s not great. He’s absolutely awful.” I almost burst into tears. (“不，”我生气地反驳道，“它不好。它糟糕透顶了。”我几乎要哭出来了)”可知，作者几乎哭出来是因为她认为兽医没有发现问题。故选B。 【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中““So,” said my cat’s kindhearted vet, “how has your life been going lately?” Shock shot through me. “Me?” I stared at him, essentially speechless, ready to throw myself into his cat-cradling arms. I managed a relatively coherent response. “Not so good,” I admitted. (我家猫咪那善良的兽医说：“那么，你最近生活过得怎么样？”我顿时感到震惊。“我？”我盯着他，几乎说不出话来，恨不得扑进他抱着猫的怀里。我好不容易组织出还算连贯的回答。“不太好，”我承认道。)”和第四段中“The kindly cat doctor nodded and replied, “Just what I suspected. Often, the human-to-cat bond is so powerful that a perfectly healthy cat will act out in response to his human’s emotional stresses.” (这位和蔼的猫医生点了点头，回答说：“正如我所料。人与猫之间的联系非常紧密，一只完全健康的猫常常会因为主人的情绪压力而表现失常。”)”可知，作者对兽医的问题感到震惊，并觉得兽医理解了自己的处境，即作者感到被兽医理解了。由此推知，划线句子暗示作者觉得被兽医理解了。故选A。 【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“That day turned us around. I got some good, professional treatment for my super stressors. (那天改变了我们。我得到了很好的专业治疗来缓解我的巨大压力)”以及最后一段“Rusty got a kinder, gentler me with more ear touches and back petting. (Rusty得到了一个更友善、更温柔的我，我会更多地抚摸它的耳朵和背部)”可推知，作者在看完兽医后感到宽慰和平静。故选A。 C ①A father told his son that he should not accept the Theory of Evolution just because he leaned about it in Biology class at school. He went on to say that he is teaching his son to think critically. But he isn’t. (一位父亲告诉他的儿子，他不应该仅仅因为在学校的生物课上学到了进化论就接受它。他接着说，他正在教他的儿子进行批判性思考。但实际上他并没有教) ②Many people assume that critical thinking refers to questioning and criticizing in the more negative sense of the word. If they are rejecting what they are told by experts, they falsely believe that they are thinking critically. This is not uncommon. Many people claim that everything is just someone’s opinion and no one is actually right or wrong. They believe they are thinking critically when they’re actually doing the very opposite. (许多人认为批判性思维是指在更消极的意义上进行质疑和批评。如果他们拒绝专家告诉他们的事情，他们错误地认为自己在进行批判性思考。这种情况并不少见)”可知，作者在第一段提到父子的例子是为了呈现一种普遍存在的误解，即很多人错误地认为拒绝专家的观点就是批判性思维，实际上并不是。 ③There are many definitions of critical thinking. To put simply, it refers to identifying and evaluating arguments, finding inconsistencies in arguments, problem solving, and thinking about our own beliefs and why we hold them. ④Diane Halpern, author of Thought &Knowledge, uses this definition:“Critical thinkers are able to change their mind or the conclusion that they reached, when new information warrants such a change.” (当新的信息warrants这种改变时，批判性思考者能够改变他们的想法或他们得出的结论)”可知，此处表示当新信息证明这种改变是合理的时候，批判性思考者能够改变想法或结论，可推理出“warrants”意思是“证明…… 是合理的；为…… 辩护” ⑤A closed-minded person responds negatively when presented with new ideas that challenge their existing beliefs. These are the people who insist that even an expert's opinion is no better than anyone else’s. In contrast, an open-minded person suspends judgment. They seek out more information, including information that goes against beliefs they currently hold. They review the evidence that’s available and are always open to new ways of thinking. They consider all options and insist on finding a solution. (一个思想封闭的人在面对挑战他们现有信念的新想法时会做出消极的反应。这些人坚持认为，即使是专家的意见也不比其他人的好。相比之下，一个思想开放的人会暂缓判断。他们会寻找更多的信息，包括与他们目前所持信念相悖的信息。他们审查现有的证据，并且总是对新的思维方式持开放态度)”可知，思想开放的人与思想封闭的人不同之处在于，思想开放的人会暂缓判断，即他们抵制过早做出判断的冲动。 ⑥So you need to ask questions and be open-minded about the answers. You need to know how to do research and look for reliable sources. You have to think about your own thinking and question why you hold the beliefs you do. Be aware of the pre-set ideas you bring to the argument, and learn to evaluate evidence. (所以你需要提出问题，并对答案持开放态度。你需要知道如何进行研究并寻找可靠的来源。你必须思考自己的思维，并质疑自己为什么持有这样的信念。意识到你在论证中带入的预设想法，并学会评估证据)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是如何成为一个批判性思考者，即提出问题、对答案持开放态度、进行研究、思考自己的思维、质疑自己的信念、意识到预设想法和评估证据等。 28. Why does the author mention the father-son example in paragraph 1? A. To promote the practice of critical thinking. B. To criticize the current education system. C. To present a widespread misconception. D. To introduce an innovative idea. 29. What does the underlined word “warrants” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Justifies. B. Matches. C. Transforms. D. Identifies. 30. How are open-minded people different from the closed-minded? A. They respect expert authority. B. They internalize their own beliefs. C. They keep an option-solution balance. D. They resist the urge to judge prematurely. 31. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. How to evaluate evidence. B. The process of critical thinking. C. How to become a critical thinker. D. The benefits of being open-minded. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了批判性思维的定义，以及思想开放的人和思想封闭的人对批判性思维的不同表现，最后介绍了如何成为一个批判性思考者。 【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“A father told his son that he should not accept the Theory of Evolution just because he learned about it in Biology class at school. He went on to say that he is teaching his son to think critically. But he isn't. (一位父亲告诉他的儿子，他不应该仅仅因为在学校的生物课上学到了进化论就接受它。他接着说，他正在教他的儿子进行批判性思考。但实际上他并没有教)”以及第二段“Many people assume that critical thinking refers to questioning and criticizing in the more negative sense of the word. If they are rejecting what they are told by experts, they falsely believe that they are thinking critically. This is not uncommon(许多人认为批判性思维是指在更消极的意义上进行质疑和批评。如果他们拒绝专家告诉他们的事情，他们错误地认为自己在进行批判性思考。这种情况并不少见)”可知，作者在第一段提到父子的例子是为了呈现一种普遍存在的误解，即很多人错误地认为拒绝专家的观点就是批判性思维，实际上并不是。故选C项。 【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Critical thinkers are able to change their mind or the conclusion that they reached, when new information warrants such a change(当新的信息warrants这种改变时，批判性思考者能够改变他们的想法或他们得出的结论)”可知，此处表示当新信息证明这种改变是合理的时候，批判性思考者能够改变想法或结论，可推理出“warrants”意思是“证明…… 是合理的；为…… 辩护”，故选A项。 【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“A closed-minded person responds negatively when presented with new ideas that challenge their existing beliefs. These are the people who insist that even an expert's opinion is no better than anyone else's. In contrast, an open-minded person suspends judgment. They seek out more information, including information that goes against beliefs they currently hold. They review the evidence that's available and are always open to new ways of thinking(一个思想封闭的人在面对挑战他们现有信念的新想法时会做出消极的反应。这些人坚持认为，即使是专家的意见也不比其他人的好。相比之下，一个思想开放的人会暂缓判断。他们会寻找更多的信息，包括与他们目前所持信念相悖的信息。他们审查现有的证据，并且总是对新的思维方式持开放态度)”可知，思想开放的人与思想封闭的人不同之处在于，思想开放的人会暂缓判断，即他们抵制过早做出判断的冲动。故选D项。 【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So you need to ask questions and be open-minded about the answers. You need to know how to do research and look for reliable sources. You have to think about your own thinking and question why you hold the beliefs you do. Be aware of the pre-set ideas you bring to the argument, and learn to evaluate evidence (所以你需要提出问题，并对答案持开放态度。你需要知道如何进行研究并寻找可靠的来源。你必须思考自己的思维，并质疑自己为什么持有这样的信念。意识到你在论证中带入的预设想法，并学会评估证据)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是如何成为一个批判性思考者，即提出问题、对答案持开放态度、进行研究、思考自己的思维、质疑自己的信念、意识到预设想法和评估证据等。故选C项。 D ①This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t. (这听起来可能有些不切实际地守旧，但我仍然喜欢教育是关于学习的理念：学习事实、技能、文化、分析以及获取灵感。教育本应让我们成为更优秀的公民。但在过去的十年里，学习的目标逐渐让位于分数和学位。其不幸的结果是两者都出现了膨胀。它们不断攀升；而学习却并未跟上)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，文章最好的标题是B项“Today, Grade A is for average(如今，A 等级只是平均分)” ②To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. ③Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. (平均绩点一直在上升，尽管像学术能力评估测试（SAT）这样的全国标准化考试成绩并没有提高。并不是说我认为标准化考试是衡量优秀的最终标准。但是当成绩和考试分数之间的差距如此之大且持续存在时，家长和公众不应该被愚弄)”可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。 ④That’s true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t. ⑤Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books. (雇主抱怨高中生甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能)”可知，雇主抱怨高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能，即成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。 ⑥Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth — or a performative exercise in grade fishing? (然而，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多)”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多。由此推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。 32. What are parents fooled into thinking? A. SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B. The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C. Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D. Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 33. What is a consequence of grade inflation? A. Employers favor students with higher degrees. B. Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations. C. Remedial classes become required courses in college. D. Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Tough graders desire job security. B. Strict grading promotes real learning. C. Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D. Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 35. What is the best title of the text? A. The game of scores B. Today, Grade A is for average C. The force behind grade inflation D. Now, learning takes the front seat 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. B 【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在教育中成绩和学位的目标取代了学习本身，成绩膨胀导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足雇主的需求，作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled.(平均绩点一直在上升，尽管像学术能力评估测试（SAT）这样的全国标准化考试成绩并没有提高。并不是说我认为标准化考试是衡量优秀的最终标准。但是当成绩和考试分数之间的差距如此之大且持续存在时，家长和公众不应该被愚弄)”可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。故选D项。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.(雇主抱怨高中生甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能)”可知，雇主抱怨高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能，即成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。故选B项。 【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.(然而，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多)”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多。由此推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。故选B项。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t.(这听起来可能有些不切实际地守旧，但我仍然喜欢教育是关于学习的理念：学习事实、技能、文化、分析以及获取灵感。教育本应让我们成为更优秀的公民。但在过去的十年里，学习的目标逐渐让位于分数和学位。其不幸的结果是两者都出现了膨胀。它们不断攀升；而学习却并未跟上)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，文章最好的标题是B项“Today, Grade A is for average(如今，A 等级只是平均分)”。故选B项。 ①这听起来可能有些过时，但我仍然喜欢教育就是学习的想法：事实、技能、文化、分析、灵感。它应该让我们成为更好的公民。但在过去的十年里，学习的目标已经让位于成绩和学位。不幸的结果是两者都出现了通货膨胀。他们越来越高学习不会。 ②为了避免让学生气馁，一些学区取消了D和F年级。 ③尽管SAT等全国性标准化考试的分数没有上升，但平均绩点一直在上升。这并不是说我认为标准化测试是衡量卓越的最终标准。但是，当成绩和考试成绩之间的差距如此之大且一致时，家长和公众不应该被愚弄。 ④这不仅适用于成绩不佳的学生。在2023年的一项调查中，教育工作者表示，近一半的学生要求成绩高于他们的收入，十分之八的老师屈服了。很难责怪他们：三分之一或更多的学生和家长在他们不这样做的时候打扰他们。 ⑤未学习的成绩在很多方面都是有害的。一些学生凭借优异的成绩进入大学，发现自己在补习班，因为他们还没有学到足够的知识来修读大学水平的课程。雇主抱怨说，高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能。大学教授也抱怨说，这些学生甚至不擅长读书。 ⑥随着学生进入大学，成绩膨胀也随之而来。一些教授因为学生的评价而犹豫是否要准确评分，而学生的评价往往对难缠的评分者更为负面。请记住，大约70%的大学教师是兼职教授，他们几乎没有工作保障。许多常春藤盟校的学生已经学会了挑选容易评分的教授。然而，布朗大学的一项研究发现，从评分标准更严格的教授那里学习的学生学到了更多。作为一个社会，我们必须问自己：我们希望大学是一个智力成长的地方，还是一个成绩钓鱼的表演场所？ 苏北7市二模 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the snow begins to melt away into a distant memory, be sure to head outdoors this spring. Before the peak summer crowds roll in, you can explore unique scenic spots without the overwhelming rush of tourists. Several destinations around the globe are especially notable for their breathtaking spring offerings. Puebla This city in central Mexico attracts visitors with its UNESCO-recognized historic structures. Spring marks the final few months of Puebla's dry season and temperatures average around 21℃ —just right for wandering through the city's main square, or admiring baroque architecture like Capilla del Rosario. Machu Picchu Spring is a time of transition (过渡) at Machu Picchu. Tourists looking for ideal weather can book a trip in May, the beginning of this Peruvian heritage site's dry season. No matter when you visit, you’ll be glad you have come as you set eyes on the 600-year-old Inca Citadel, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Yellowstone National Park As the snowfall starts to slow down, baby animals emerge in Yellowstone, making this national park an excellent place to spot wildlife in spring. Tourists can hike on the lower elevation (高度) trails that open in April and May, while those who love mammals can keep their eyes peeled forbears coming out of hibernation with their cubs. Arches National Park You’ll be comfortable while exploring the park’s2,000 arches or biking along its scenic paved roads. If you're willing to risk a cold front, you can avoid the crowds during a March trip. During the peak months of April and May, all park visitors will need a reservation to enter — an easy trade — off for perfect weather and seeing desert blooms sprout. 21. What is the advantage of travelling in spring? A. There are fewer crowds. B. Tourists will feel more secure. C. More tourist sites are available. D. It's fun to enjoy the last days of snow. 22. Which destination is suitable for animal lovers? A. Puebla. B. Machu Picchu. C. Yellowstone National Park. D. Arches National Park. 23. What are visitors expected to do when visiting Arches National Park in April? A. Trade tickets for blooms. B. Wear thick clothes. C. Secure an entry reservation. D. Cycle in cold weather. 随着雪开始融化成遥远的记忆，今年春天一定要去户外。在夏季高峰期人群涌入之前，你可以在没有压倒性游客涌入的情况下探索独特的景点。全球有几个目的地以其令人惊叹的春季美食而闻名。 普埃布拉 这座位于墨西哥中部的城市以其联合国教科文组织认可的历史建筑吸引着游客。春天标志着普埃布拉旱季的最后几个月，平均气温约为21℃，非常适合在城市的主要广场漫步，或欣赏像罗萨里奥教堂这样的巴洛克式建筑。 马丘比丘 春天是马丘比丘的过渡时期。寻找理想天气的游客可以在5月预订旅行，这是这个秘鲁遗产地旱季的开始。无论您何时参观，当您看到世界新七大奇迹之一、有600年历史的印加城堡时，您都会很高兴来到这里。 黄石国家公园 随着降雪开始放缓，黄石公园出现了小动物，使这个国家公园成为春季观赏野生动物的好地方。游客可以在4月和5月开放的低海拔步道上徒步旅行，而那些喜欢哺乳动物的人可以让他们的眼睛睁大，让它们的幼崽从冬眠中醒来。 拱门国家公园 您可以在探索公园的2000个拱门或沿着风景优美的铺装道路骑自行车时感到舒适。如果你愿意冒冷锋的风险，你可以在三月旅行时避开人群。在4月和5月的高峰期，所有公园游客都需要预订才能进入——这是一个很容易的交易——以获得完美的天气和看到沙漠花朵发芽。 B Soon after Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little patch of land, they faced a major problem — a plague of birds fed on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped on the road outside their house, and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple credit this man, the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it's among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species——nearly double the number found in all of Europe —— within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves, benefiting not just the birds, but the country's economy too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists —work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn't our only motivation,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’ s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since 2005, Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve. At first, things didn't go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife—and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. 24. What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A. Photographing the birds. B. Coexisting with the birds. C. Protecting their precious crops. D. Taking care of their property. 25. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. How Ecuador is geographically unique. B. What distinguishes Ecuador's biodiversity. C. What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D. How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 26. What have the Ajila family achieved? A. Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B. Combining profitability with sustainability. C. Applying new technology in modern farming. D. Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 27. What can we learn from Ángel Paz's story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It takes time to bear fruit. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. The secret to success is adaptability. 巴克斯夫妇开始耕种他们的小块土地后不久，他们就面临着一个重大问题——一场以珍贵作物为食的鸟类瘟疫。然后，一名男子在他们房子外面的路上停了下来，问这对夫妇是否可以给房子里的鸟拍照。后来，他建议，与其试图赶走这些鸟，不如学会和它们一起生活，于是马拉克萨查保护区就诞生了。 今天，这对夫妇称赞这位著名的鸟类摄影师马努·埃斯皮诺萨改变了他们的生活，并帮助他们说服他人保护该地区的重要性。 观鸟旅游在厄瓜多尔蓬勃发展，专业旅游团越来越多。厄瓜多尔拥有不同海拔的各种生态系统，这有助于解释为什么它是世界上鸟类多样性排名前十的国家之一。该国拥有1600多种鸟类，几乎是整个欧洲鸟类的两倍，其面积略大于英国。 随着观鸟业的发展，越来越多的农民将他们的土地从农业转移到鸟类保护区，这不仅有利于鸟类，也有利于国家的经济。一个值得注意的例子是阿吉拉家族，他们致力于保护长枝条的umbrellabird。在累西托附近的土地上，土地所有者路易斯·阿吉拉（Luis Ajila）已经从奶牛养殖转向了保护，重新种植了树木，并向野生动物游客推广了该地——他说这项工作比农业更能维持生计。 阿吉拉的儿子小路易斯说：“野生动物旅游比农业更有利可图，但这不是我们唯一的动机。”。“我们的目标不仅是保护雨伞鸟，还要保护这里所有独特的野生动物，为子孙后代保护它们。” 自2005年以来，Angel Paz将他的前奶牛场改造成了鸟类保护区。起初，事情并没有按计划进行：第一位游客花了一个月的时间才到达，他只花了10美元就完成了四个小时的旅行。然而，从那以后，成千上万的人进行了朝圣。Angel Paz说：“近二十年来，我一直在保护我的家和它的鸟类，终于看到了野生动物和游客的蓬勃发展。”。 C In a world where tech companies often compete to create the next productivity tool, a new device is breaking away from the pack. Meet Friend: a new wearable AI companion that you wear around your neck. The small device records your every word and interaction and responds accordingly by text. They cost $99 and are expected to ship out in early 2025. The device comes at a time when loneliness and social isolation (孤独) are at record highs. Studies indicate that 61% of young people in the U.S. suffer from serious loneliness, a statistic that reveals a growing mental health crisis. While AI reshapes all the ways we interact in jobs, healthcare and entertainment — more and more people report feeling socially isolated, Schiffmann, Meet Friend's founder, sees it differently: the device isn't a replacement for human relationships but rather a way to fill the gaps when human companionship is hard to come by. AI companionship is controversial (有争议的). While some people, like Schiffmann, argue that it can help people feel less isolated ,others worry that AI relationships might displace real human connections, and thus make people feel more lonely. If you are someone who already struggles with human interactions, the thinking goes, why would you continue to subject yourself to them when you have an AI friend who's fun and uncomplicated, and doesn't come with all the baggage of another person? But so far, the research doesn't seem to support this fear. Drake-Maples at Stanford University surveyed more than1,000students who used the AI chatbot Replika, and investigated their feelings of loneliness and perceived social support. Roughly half of these users reported decreased anxiety, and a feeling of social support. Nearly a quarter of those surveyed said they are more able to handle stress in their current relationship because of Replika's advice. It is still a new field though, and Drake-Maples says there needs to be guidelines. “I strongly believe that you do need to have ethical guidelines around AI companions pushing people back when appropriate, towards human relationships,” she says. These could be gentle reminders like “Hey, you should go chat with somebody about that” or “Go practice this now with a real human.” 28. What is Meet Friend aimed at? A. Replacing human relationships. B. Boosting the productivity at work. C. Offering a new approach to connection. D. Detecting early symptoms of mental illness. 29. What does the underlined part “the thinking” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. AI helps avoid life's stress. B. AI worsens feelings of loneliness. C. Human relationships are hard to keep. D. It's easy to communicate with an AI friend. 30. What is Drake-Maples’ attitude towards AI companionship? A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving. 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Can we trust an AI friend? B. Will AI change human nature? C. Can an AI friend make us less lonely? D. Will AI redefine mental health crisis? 在一个科技公司经常竞争创造下一个生产力工具的世界里，一种新设备正在脱颖而出。遇见朋友：一个你戴在脖子上的新的可穿戴AI伴侣。这个小设备会记录你的每一个单词和互动，并相应地通过文本做出回应。它们售价99美元，预计将于2025年初发货。 该设备问世之际，孤独感和社交孤立感正处于历史最高水平。研究表明，美国61%的年轻人患有严重的孤独感，这一统计数据表明，揭示了日益严重的心理健康危机。虽然人工智能重塑了我们在工作、医疗保健和娱乐中的所有互动方式——越来越多的人表示感到社交孤立，但Meet Friend的创始人Schiffmann对此有不同的看法：该设备不是人际关系的替代品，而是在难以获得人类陪伴时填补空白的一种方式。 人工智能陪伴是有争议的。虽然有些人，比如希夫曼，认为它可以帮助人们减少孤立感，但其他人担心人工智能关系可能会取代真正的人际关系，从而让人们感到更加孤独。如果你是一个已经在与人类互动方面苦苦挣扎的人，那么你的想法是，当你有一个有趣、简单、没有其他人所有包袱的人工智能朋友时，你为什么还要继续受制于他们呢？ 但到目前为止，这项研究似乎并不支持这种担忧。斯坦福大学的Drake Maples调查了1000多名使用人工智能聊天机器人Replika的学生，并调查了他们的孤独感和感知到的社会支持。这些用户中大约有一半报告说焦虑减轻，并有一种社会支持的感觉。近四分之一的受访者表示，由于Replika的建议，他们更能应对当前关系中的压力。 然而，这仍然是一个新领域，Drake Maples表示需要制定指导方针。她说：“我坚信，你确实需要制定关于人工智能伴侣的道德准则，在适当的时候将人们推回人际关系。”。这些可能是温和的提醒，比如 “嘿，你应该去和别人谈谈这件事”或“现在就去和一个真正的人练习一下。” D Perfectionism and punctuality are often at odds in the workplace. But according to a recent study, it is better to submit a good-enough project on time rather than perfecting it through procrastination. Researchers surveyed thousands of people in the U.S. and U.K., including managers and others whose jobs included evaluating others. They presented participants with the same examples of work, and then asked them to rate it. But first, they mentioned whether it was either submitted early, right at the deadline or late. Respondents who were told it was late consistently rated the work as worse in quality than those who were told the same work was early or on time. The study also finds there isn't much benefit to submitting work early since evaluators tended to rank work submitted before and at the deadline as the same quality. Furthermore, it didn't matter how late the work was submitted, with one day or one week delays viewed just as negatively and that remained the case if the employee gave their manager advance warning. A field experiment was conducted in a high school in China that had students grade pieces of art in a staged contest. The art was on a piece of paper that also included the date it was submitted. Even though the kids were told to ignore a$