第十三讲 复合句-2026年中考英语一轮复习 语法重难点专项突破（语法讲义+配套练习）（全国通用）

中考核心语法·精练 第十三讲 复合句2026年中考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、复合句整体框架表 该表格对应讲义 “专题十四 复合句” 开篇总述内容，明确复合句的定义、核心分类及中考考查定位，帮助快速建立 “复合句 = 宾语从句 + 定语从句 + 状语从句” 的认知框架，聚焦 “宾语从句必考、定语从句高频” 的复习重点。 类别 具体内容 定义 含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子，其中一个（或多个）主谓结构充当主句的宾语、定语或状语等成分，需通过连接词连接主句与从句 核心分类 1. 宾语从句：作动词或介词的宾语，讲义标注 “必考”，占复合句考题 60% 以上 2. 定语从句：修饰名词或代词，为中考高频考点，占复合句考题 30% 左右 3. 状语从句：修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，常结合连词考查，占复合句考题 10% 左右 考查形式 以单项选择为主（占比 80%），少量涉及句型转换（如宾语从句简化、定语从句改写），真题多结合语境考查连接词选择、语序及时态 注意事项： 1. 复合句需明确 “主句与从句的逻辑关系”：宾语从句表 “动作对象”，定语从句表 “修饰限定”，状语从句表 “时间 / 条件 / 原因等”，不可混淆从句功能； 2. 连接词不可省略（除宾语从句中 that 口语可省）：如定语从句的关系词、状语从句的从属连词必须存在（错误：This is the book I bought，正确：This is the book that I bought）。 二、宾语从句核心考点表 该表格对应讲义 “考点一：宾语从句”，梳理 “语序、引导词、时态” 三大必考考点，覆盖 “否定转移、从句简化” 等特殊用法，匹配讲义中基础练习与真题高频场景，解决 “宾语从句如何正确构建” 的核心问题。 考点 具体规则 讲义示例 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句必须用陈述句语序（连接词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问句语序 错误：Could you tell me how can I get to the bus stop? 正确：Could you tell me how I can get to the bus stop? 引导词 1. that：无实际意义，仅起连接作用，口语中可省略，不充当句子成分 2. if/whether：表 “是否”，不可省略，不充当句子成分；仅用 whether 的三种情况： - 与 or not 连用 - 位于介词之后 - 接不定式（to do） 3. 特殊疑问词： - 连接代词（what/which/who/whose/whom）：作主语、宾语或定语 - 连接副词（when/where/how/why）：作状语 1. that：I think (that) mooncakes are delicious. 2. whether：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 3. 特殊疑问词：Do you know who is talking with your mother? 时态 1. 主现从任：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际选择任意时态 2. 主过从过：主句为一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时） 3. 真理永一现：从句为客观真理、自然现象或科学原理时，无论主句时态，从句均用一般现在时 1. 主现从任：He tells me that he will leave for New York tomorrow. 2. 主过从过：He asked his father how it happened. 3. 真理永一现：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 特殊用法 1. 否定转移：主句主语为第一人称（I/We），谓语为 think/believe/suppose/imagine 等时，否定词 “not” 移至主句 2. 从句简化：主句与从句主语一致，且主句谓语为 know/remember/forget/learn 等时，从句可简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 3. 形式宾语 it：think/find/make 等动词后，用 it 作形式宾语，将从句后置 1. 否定转移：I don’t think it will rain.（而非 I think it won’t rain.） 2. 简化：She doesn’t know what she should do = She doesn’t know what to do. 3. 形式宾语：I think it important that we should learn swimming well. 注意事项： 1. 语序易错点：特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，需将 “疑问语序” 转为 “陈述语序”，不可保留助动词提前的结构（错误：Do you know where is he?，正确：Do you know where he is?）； 2. if 与 whether 区分：当宾语从句后接 or not、位于介词后或接 to do 时，必须用 whether（错误：I’m thinking of if I should go.，正确：I’m thinking of whether I should go.）； 3. 时态一致性：“主过从过” 需避免从句用现在时态（错误：He said he is happy.，正确：He said he was happy.），但 “真理永一现” 不受此限制。 三、定语从句关系词用法表 该表格对应讲义 “考点二：定语从句”，梳理关系代词与关系副词的分类、适用场景及功能，覆盖 “只用 that/which” 的特殊规则，匹配讲义中 “三步解题法”，解决 “如何选择定语从句关系词” 的问题。 类型 关系词 先行词（修饰对象） 成分 讲义示例 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语 Do you know the girl who often comes here?（who 作主语） whom 人 宾语（可省略） He is the boy (whom) I talked with just now.（whom 作宾语） that 人或物 主语、宾语 1. I saw the man who/that closed the door.（人，作主语） 2. A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.（物，作主语） which 物 主语、宾语 I like the books which were written by Lu Xun.（which 作主语） whose 人或物 定语（表所属关系） 1. What’s the name of the boy whose father is a doctor?（人，表 “男孩的父亲”） 2. I live in a house whose windows face the south.（物，表 “房子的窗户”） 关系副词 where 地点名词 地点状语 This is the place where I studied last year.（where=in which） when 时间名词 时间状语 I still remember the day when our new school was built.（when=on which） why 原因名词（reason） 原因状语 Please tell me the reason why you were late.（why=for which） 特殊规则 只用 that 的情况 1. 先行词为不定代词（all/anything/nothing 等） 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 3. 先行词被 the only/the very 修饰 4. 先行词兼指人 + 物 5. 主句以 who/which 开头 — Is there anything that you don’t understand?（不定代词） This is the very pen that I’m looking for.（the very 修饰） 只用 which 的情况 1. 引导非限制性定语从句（主句与从句用逗号隔开） 2. 先行词指物且关系词前有介词 3. 先行词为 that/those — The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.（非限制性定语从句） I can’t find the bag in which I put my storybook.（介词后） 注意事项： 1. 关系词与先行词的匹配：先行词指人时不可用 which，指物时不可用 who（错误：The man which is talking is my teacher.，正确：The man who is talking is my teacher.）； 2. 关系词在从句中作主语不可省略：当关系代词（who/that/which）在从句中作主语时，不可省略（错误：The book is interesting was written by him.，正确：The book that is interesting was written by him.）； 3. 区分关系词功能：若先行词是时间 / 地点名词，但在从句中作主语或宾语，需用 that/which，不用 when/where（错误：I won’t forget the day when we spent.，正确：I won’t forget the day that we spent.，spent 后缺宾语，用 that）。 四、状语从句类型与时态规则表 该表格对应讲义 “考点三：状语从句”，梳理中考常考的 6 类状语从句及从属连词，明确 “主将从现” 等时态规则，匹配讲义中 “结合连词复习” 的要求，解决 “状语从句如何正确使用从属连词与时态” 的问题。 类型 常用从属连词 核心功能 时态规则 讲义示例 时间状语从句 when（当…… 时）、while（正当…… 时）、after（在…… 后）、before（在…… 前）、until（直到……）、as soon as（一…… 就……） 表动作发生的时间 1. 主将从现：主句将来时，从句现在时 2. 主祈从现：主句祈使句，从句现在时 As soon as he comes, I will call you.（主将从现） Call me when he comes.（主祈从现） 条件状语从句 if（如果）、unless（除非）、in case（万一）、once（一旦） 表动作发生的条件 同时间状语从句（主将从现 / 主祈从现） If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.（主将从现） Don’t go out unless you finish homework.（主祈从现） 让步状语从句 though（虽然）、although（尽管）、even though/if（即使） 表 “让步”（转折关系） 主从句时态根据实际语境判断，though/although 不可与 but 连用 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（不可说 Though he is young, but he knows a lot.） 原因状语从句 because（因为）、since（既然）、as（由于） 表动作发生的原因 主从句时态一致，because 回答 why 提问 He didn’t go to school because he was ill.（回答 Why didn’t he go?） 目的状语从句 so that（以便）、in order that（为了） 表动作的目的，从句常含 can/could/may 等情态动词 主从句时态一致 She studies hard so that she can pass the exam. 结果状语从句 so + 形容词 / 副词 + that（如此…… 以至于）、such+(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 + that 表动作产生的结果 主从句时态一致 1. He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.（so+adj+that） 2. It is such a beautiful park that many people visit it.（such+a+adj + 名 + that） 注意事项： 1. 主将从现误区：时间 / 条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句必须用现在时（错误：If it will rain, I won’t go.，正确：If it rains, I won’t go.）； 2. though 与 but 的搭配：though/although 引导让步状语从句时，主句不可用 but（错误：Although he tried hard, but he failed.，正确：Although he tried hard, he failed.）； 3. so 与 such 的区分：so 修饰形容词 / 副词，such 修饰名词（错误：so a beautiful girl，正确：such a beautiful girl 或 so beautiful a girl）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个合适的单词 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）You won’t get paid for time off you have a doctor’s note. 2．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—I’m wondering or not you will come to my party tomorrow. —I will certainly go to your party. Thanks for your invitation. 3．（2023·湖南常德·二模）Jack was tired that he fell asleep as soon as he got to bed. 4．（2023·湖南永州·一模） Su Bingtian faces many challenges, he never gives up. 5．（2023·吉林松原·模拟预测）—I wonder you will put up your tent. —By the river. It’s cool there. 6．（2023·湖南永州·二模）Don’t wait the end to regret. 7．（2023·山东枣庄·二模） where you go, you will find the products made in China. 8．（2022·吉林长春·一模）You can’t leave here your father comes to pick you up. 9．（2022·吉林·三模）I can’t go to the cinema with you I have too much homework to do. 10．（2022·吉林四平·二模）Sam, please call me as soon as you in Shanghai. 11．（2022·湖南永州·模拟预测）Benjamin was a very great inventor he changed our life completely. 12．（2022·吉林白山·二模）You will achieve your dream you put your heart into it. 13．（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）I don’t think this hall is big enough for your party you invite so many people. 14．（2022·湖南永州·一模）Anna is so clever she can work out the math problems easily. 15．（2022·湖南永州·一模）He didn’t receive the vaccine (疫苗) for COVID-19 he went work abroad last month. 二、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东汕头·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，在每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last weekend, our community organized a river-cleaning activity. It was 1 most meaningful experience for me. Over 100 volunteers joined, including students, teachers, and even 2 doctors from the local hospital. The river used to be polluted 3 factories nearby poured waste into it. However, things began to change two years ago 4 the government introduced strict environmental laws. Now, we work together to protect it. During the activity, I noticed a boy 5 plastic bottles carefully. “Why do you collect these?” I asked. He smiled and said, “I want 6 them to the recycling center. If everyone does a little, our planet will be healthier.” His words made me realize 7 important teamwork is. By 3 PM, we 8 over 400 kilograms of trash, and we added 100 kilograms before the activity ended. The river looked much cleaner. An old man nearby told us, “I haven’t seen so many fish here 9 ten years!” His words filled us with pride. This experience taught me that small actions can make 10 big difference. Let’s protect our Earth together! 1. A．a B．the C．/ 2. A．some B．any C．few 3. A．though B．unless C．because 4. A．when B．where C．which 5. A．collect B．collecting C．to collect 6. A．send B．sending C．to send 7. A．what B．how C．why 8. A．collected B．have collected C．had collected 9. A．in B．since C．for 10. A．a B．an C．the Passage 2 （2025·陕西榆林·二模）Susan Jones often noticed people walking with guide dogs in her city. She was always interested 1 how the guide dogs do their work. 2 finally found the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program-the dogs 3 to be guides for blind people there. Last year, Susan and her family became Seeing Eye volunteers. They adopted a young Seeing Eye dog. “We spent 4 time staying with him,” explained Susan. It took at least two years 5 Seeing Eye dogs all the skills they need to guide a disabled person. During the first month of life, the little dog lives with a normal family. When the dog is about one year old, it leaves its home. A professional trainer and a blind person teach the dog 6 . After a long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person 7 team up. Susan said there was a deep feeling between her and the little dog. “It 8 when the time came to say goodbye,” she said. “But we know 9 to help someone who strongly needs it.” “I feel good 10 I give the gift of independence to someone who cannot see. It’s amazing how one dog can change someone’s life,” Susan said happily. 1. A．of B．to C．in D．with 2. A．her B．Her C．she D．She 3. A．train B．trained C．is trained D．are trained 4. A．many B．much C．little D．few 5. A．to teach B．teach C．to order D．order 6. A．skill B．a skill C．an skill D．the skills 7. A．final B．finally C．poor D．poorly 8. A．was hardly B．hard C．was hard D．hardly 9. A．that is the little dog going B．that the little dog is going C．what is the little dog going D．what the little dog is going 10. A．when B．unless C．why D．though Passage 3 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Mario’s class planted fruit and vegetables in the school’s garden. He always went to the garden to look after the plants so that they 1 grow very well. Mario liked watering and cleaning the garden. He 2 liked watching the plants grow. The school used the fruit and vegetables in the garden for students’ meals. Every morning Mario spares some time to check the plants in the garden. That makes him feel relaxed. One morning he noticed 3 on the cabbage. He hurried into the classroom. “Mr. Gonzales!” he shouted. “The cabbage is covered 4 bad insects! I think they’re eating it!” Then Mr. Gonzales showed Mario 5 small box. “Don’t worry, Mario. I think I know what caused the problem. There is something in the box that might help. 6 it is small, it can play an important part.” Mr. Gonzales led his students out to the garden. “Insects called aphids (蚜虫) are eating our cabbage,” he said. “We can use what we know about the food chain 7 the problem.” Mr. Gonzales walked to the cabbage. The minute he opened the box, some ladybugs (瓢虫) quickly 8 out! “Ladybugs?” asked Mario. “How can it be helpful?” Mr. Gonzales said, “The cabbage is a producer, and aphids are eating the cabbage. Ladybugs like eating aphids. Let’s watch 9 will happen over the next few days.” After several days, Mario found the aphids disappeared in the end. There were no more aphids on the cabbage at all. 10 it is to put what we have learned into practice! 1. A．can B．could C．shall D．should 2. A．simple B．simply C．especial D．especially 3. A．nothing strange B．something strange C．strange nothing D．strange something 4. A．with B．on C．from D．off 5. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 6. A．Although B．Because C．Before D．Unless 7. A．cause B．to cause C．solve D．to solve 8. A．flies B．fly C．flew D．will fly 9. A．what B．how C．why D．that 10. A．What interesting B．How interesting C．What an interesting D．How an interesting 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2024·宁夏·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 More Than Just A Noodle Shop Guo Zhanglong, a Chinese young man, has lived in France 1 12 years. In 2022, he 2 (begin) selling traditional Shanxi sliced noodles in France. Sliced noodles are also 3 (call) Daoxioomian in Chinese. Guo shared some videos of his noodle shop online, and the shop 4 (quick) became popular. So far, he has already had 5 (million) of fans all over the world. At first, Guo was 6 (worry) about whether his noodles would be popular with French customers. 7 , he found the French customers not only could eat it, but also accepted it with gusto (津津有味). “Many French friends have added 8 (we) noodles to their daily diet now,” Guo said. “Food knows no borders (国界).” Since the noodle shop opened. Guo has hosted (招待) many French people 9 are interested in China. Over dinner, Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. “I want more and more 10 (foreigner) to learn about Chinese food and Chinese culture, so that they can better understand China,” he said. Passage 2 （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided 1 (write) about the whale (鲸鱼). I have loved them from a young age. I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about 2 (they) shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so 3 (slow) and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever. So, of course, one of my best memories 4 (be) when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt 5 (happy) than ever. They were so beautiful! And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their 6 (heart). Take the Maori people in New Zealand as 7 example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians (守护者) of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their 8 (tradition) stories. Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people? 9 they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role 10 the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean. Passage 3 （2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）根据下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 1 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It’s said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, “Let’s have 2 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up 3 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban 4 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 5 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, 6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 7 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better.” So the umbrella 9 (invent). Later, people began to use paper, which was 10 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. 8 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考核心语法·精练 第十三讲 复合句2026年中考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、复合句整体框架表 该表格对应讲义 “专题十四 复合句” 开篇总述内容，明确复合句的定义、核心分类及中考考查定位，帮助快速建立 “复合句 = 宾语从句 + 定语从句 + 状语从句” 的认知框架，聚焦 “宾语从句必考、定语从句高频” 的复习重点。 类别 具体内容 定义 含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子，其中一个（或多个）主谓结构充当主句的宾语、定语或状语等成分，需通过连接词连接主句与从句 核心分类 1. 宾语从句：作动词或介词的宾语，讲义标注 “必考”，占复合句考题 60% 以上 2. 定语从句：修饰名词或代词，为中考高频考点，占复合句考题 30% 左右 3. 状语从句：修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，常结合连词考查，占复合句考题 10% 左右 考查形式 以单项选择为主（占比 80%），少量涉及句型转换（如宾语从句简化、定语从句改写），真题多结合语境考查连接词选择、语序及时态 注意事项： 1. 复合句需明确 “主句与从句的逻辑关系”：宾语从句表 “动作对象”，定语从句表 “修饰限定”，状语从句表 “时间 / 条件 / 原因等”，不可混淆从句功能； 2. 连接词不可省略（除宾语从句中 that 口语可省）：如定语从句的关系词、状语从句的从属连词必须存在（错误：This is the book I bought，正确：This is the book that I bought）。 二、宾语从句核心考点表 该表格对应讲义 “考点一：宾语从句”，梳理 “语序、引导词、时态” 三大必考考点，覆盖 “否定转移、从句简化” 等特殊用法，匹配讲义中基础练习与真题高频场景，解决 “宾语从句如何正确构建” 的核心问题。 考点 具体规则 讲义示例 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句必须用陈述句语序（连接词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问句语序 错误：Could you tell me how can I get to the bus stop? 正确：Could you tell me how I can get to the bus stop? 引导词 1. that：无实际意义，仅起连接作用，口语中可省略，不充当句子成分 2. if/whether：表 “是否”，不可省略，不充当句子成分；仅用 whether 的三种情况： - 与 or not 连用 - 位于介词之后 - 接不定式（to do） 3. 特殊疑问词： - 连接代词（what/which/who/whose/whom）：作主语、宾语或定语 - 连接副词（when/where/how/why）：作状语 1. that：I think (that) mooncakes are delicious. 2. whether：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 3. 特殊疑问词：Do you know who is talking with your mother? 时态 1. 主现从任：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际选择任意时态 2. 主过从过：主句为一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时） 3. 真理永一现：从句为客观真理、自然现象或科学原理时，无论主句时态，从句均用一般现在时 1. 主现从任：He tells me that he will leave for New York tomorrow. 2. 主过从过：He asked his father how it happened. 3. 真理永一现：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 特殊用法 1. 否定转移：主句主语为第一人称（I/We），谓语为 think/believe/suppose/imagine 等时，否定词 “not” 移至主句 2. 从句简化：主句与从句主语一致，且主句谓语为 know/remember/forget/learn 等时，从句可简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 3. 形式宾语 it：think/find/make 等动词后，用 it 作形式宾语，将从句后置 1. 否定转移：I don’t think it will rain.（而非 I think it won’t rain.） 2. 简化：She doesn’t know what she should do = She doesn’t know what to do. 3. 形式宾语：I think it important that we should learn swimming well. 注意事项： 1. 语序易错点：特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，需将 “疑问语序” 转为 “陈述语序”，不可保留助动词提前的结构（错误：Do you know where is he?，正确：Do you know where he is?）； 2. if 与 whether 区分：当宾语从句后接 or not、位于介词后或接 to do 时，必须用 whether（错误：I’m thinking of if I should go.，正确：I’m thinking of whether I should go.）； 3. 时态一致性：“主过从过” 需避免从句用现在时态（错误：He said he is happy.，正确：He said he was happy.），但 “真理永一现” 不受此限制。 三、定语从句关系词用法表 该表格对应讲义 “考点二：定语从句”，梳理关系代词与关系副词的分类、适用场景及功能，覆盖 “只用 that/which” 的特殊规则，匹配讲义中 “三步解题法”，解决 “如何选择定语从句关系词” 的问题。 类型 关系词 先行词（修饰对象） 成分 讲义示例 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语 Do you know the girl who often comes here?（who 作主语） whom 人 宾语（可省略） He is the boy (whom) I talked with just now.（whom 作宾语） that 人或物 主语、宾语 1. I saw the man who/that closed the door.（人，作主语） 2. A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.（物，作主语） which 物 主语、宾语 I like the books which were written by Lu Xun.（which 作主语） whose 人或物 定语（表所属关系） 1. What’s the name of the boy whose father is a doctor?（人，表 “男孩的父亲”） 2. I live in a house whose windows face the south.（物，表 “房子的窗户”） 关系副词 where 地点名词 地点状语 This is the place where I studied last year.（where=in which） when 时间名词 时间状语 I still remember the day when our new school was built.（when=on which） why 原因名词（reason） 原因状语 Please tell me the reason why you were late.（why=for which） 特殊规则 只用 that 的情况 1. 先行词为不定代词（all/anything/nothing 等） 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 3. 先行词被 the only/the very 修饰 4. 先行词兼指人 + 物 5. 主句以 who/which 开头 — Is there anything that you don’t understand?（不定代词） This is the very pen that I’m looking for.（the very 修饰） 只用 which 的情况 1. 引导非限制性定语从句（主句与从句用逗号隔开） 2. 先行词指物且关系词前有介词 3. 先行词为 that/those — The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.（非限制性定语从句） I can’t find the bag in which I put my storybook.（介词后） 注意事项： 1. 关系词与先行词的匹配：先行词指人时不可用 which，指物时不可用 who（错误：The man which is talking is my teacher.，正确：The man who is talking is my teacher.）； 2. 关系词在从句中作主语不可省略：当关系代词（who/that/which）在从句中作主语时，不可省略（错误：The book is interesting was written by him.，正确：The book that is interesting was written by him.）； 3. 区分关系词功能：若先行词是时间 / 地点名词，但在从句中作主语或宾语，需用 that/which，不用 when/where（错误：I won’t forget the day when we spent.，正确：I won’t forget the day that we spent.，spent 后缺宾语，用 that）。 四、状语从句类型与时态规则表 该表格对应讲义 “考点三：状语从句”，梳理中考常考的 6 类状语从句及从属连词，明确 “主将从现” 等时态规则，匹配讲义中 “结合连词复习” 的要求，解决 “状语从句如何正确使用从属连词与时态” 的问题。 类型 常用从属连词 核心功能 时态规则 讲义示例 时间状语从句 when（当…… 时）、while（正当…… 时）、after（在…… 后）、before（在…… 前）、until（直到……）、as soon as（一…… 就……） 表动作发生的时间 1. 主将从现：主句将来时，从句现在时 2. 主祈从现：主句祈使句，从句现在时 As soon as he comes, I will call you.（主将从现） Call me when he comes.（主祈从现） 条件状语从句 if（如果）、unless（除非）、in case（万一）、once（一旦） 表动作发生的条件 同时间状语从句（主将从现 / 主祈从现） If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.（主将从现） Don’t go out unless you finish homework.（主祈从现） 让步状语从句 though（虽然）、although（尽管）、even though/if（即使） 表 “让步”（转折关系） 主从句时态根据实际语境判断，though/although 不可与 but 连用 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（不可说 Though he is young, but he knows a lot.） 原因状语从句 because（因为）、since（既然）、as（由于） 表动作发生的原因 主从句时态一致，because 回答 why 提问 He didn’t go to school because he was ill.（回答 Why didn’t he go?） 目的状语从句 so that（以便）、in order that（为了） 表动作的目的，从句常含 can/could/may 等情态动词 主从句时态一致 She studies hard so that she can pass the exam. 结果状语从句 so + 形容词 / 副词 + that（如此…… 以至于）、such+(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 + that 表动作产生的结果 主从句时态一致 1. He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.（so+adj+that） 2. It is such a beautiful park that many people visit it.（such+a+adj + 名 + that） 注意事项： 1. 主将从现误区：时间 / 条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句必须用现在时（错误：If it will rain, I won’t go.，正确：If it rains, I won’t go.）； 2. though 与 but 的搭配：though/although 引导让步状语从句时，主句不可用 but（错误：Although he tried hard, but he failed.，正确：Although he tried hard, he failed.）； 3. so 与 such 的区分：so 修饰形容词 / 副词，such 修饰名词（错误：so a beautiful girl，正确：such a beautiful girl 或 so beautiful a girl）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个合适的单词 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）You won’t get paid for time off you have a doctor’s note. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：除非你有医生的证明，否则你请假的时间将不会得到报酬。本句中，“You won’t get paid for time off”是主句，表明请假时间不会得到报酬；“you have a doctor’s note”是从句，表明除非你有医生证明，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 2．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—I’m wondering or not you will come to my party tomorrow. —I will certainly go to your party. Thanks for your invitation. 【答案】whether 【详解】句意：——我想知道你明天是否会来参加我的聚会。——我一定会去参加你的聚会的。谢谢你的邀请。根据“I’m wondering...or not you will come to my party tomorrow.”可知，此处询问对方“是否”参加聚会，whether“是否”符合语境，故填whether。 3．（2023·湖南常德·二模）Jack was tired that he fell asleep as soon as he got to bed. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：杰克太累了，他一上床就睡着了。根据“Jack was... tired that he fell asleep as soon as he got to bed.”可知，“一上床就睡着了”是“杰克太累了”的结果状语，所以本句是结果状语从句，空后tired是形容词，所以用so修饰，so...that...“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 4．（2023·湖南永州·一模） Su Bingtian faces many challenges, he never gives up. 【答案】Although/Though 【详解】句意：尽管苏炳添面临许多挑战，他从不放弃。根据“...Su Bingtian faces many challenges, he never gives up.”可知空处应填“尽管”，though连词，“尽管”，although连词，“尽管”，故填Although/Though。 5．（2023·吉林松原·模拟预测）—I wonder you will put up your tent. —By the river. It’s cool there. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：——我想知道你将在哪里搭帐篷。——在河边。那里很凉爽。根据答语“By the river.”可知，上句问的是在哪里搭帐篷，where“在哪里”符合题意。故填where。 6．（2023·湖南永州·二模）Don’t wait the end to regret. 【答案】until 【详解】句意：不要等到最后才后悔。根据前文Don’t可知，此句考查not...until...引导的时间状语从句，意为“直到……才……”，故填until。 7．（2023·山东枣庄·二模） where you go, you will find the products made in China. 【答案】 No matter 【详解】句意：无论你走到哪里，你都会发现中国制造的产品。根据“where you go, you will find the products made in China.”可知，此处用no matter where“无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句，故填No；matter。 8．（2022·吉林长春·一模）You can’t leave here your father comes to pick you up. 【答案】until/unless 【详解】句意：直到你父亲来接你，你才能离开。/除非你父亲来接你，否则你不能离开。根据“You can’t leave here ... your father comes to pick you up.”可知，此处表示直到父亲来接才能离开，not...until“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句；也可以表示除非父亲来接，否则不能离开，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句）。故填until/unless。 9．（2022·吉林·三模）I can’t go to the cinema with you I have too much homework to do. 【答案】because 【详解】句意：我不能和你一起去看电影因为我有太多作业要做。“有作业要做”是不能去看电影得原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 10．（2022·吉林四平·二模）Sam, please call me as soon as you in Shanghai. 【答案】arrive 【详解】句意：Sam，你一到上海就给我打电话。此处是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时态，arrive“到达”，主语是you，动词用原形。故填arrive。 11．（2022·湖南永州·模拟预测）Benjamin was a very great inventor he changed our life completely. 【答案】because 【详解】句意：本杰明是一个非常伟大的发明家，因为他彻底改变了我们的生活。空前和空后两句是因果关系，空后句子是空前句子的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 12．（2022·吉林白山·二模）You will achieve your dream you put your heart into it. 【答案】if 【详解】句意：如果你全心投入，你就会实现你的梦想。根据“You will achieve your dream…you put your heart into it.”可知，“you put your heart into it”是条件，使用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 13．（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）I don’t think this hall is big enough for your party you invite so many people. 【答案】if 【详解】句意：如果你邀请这么多人，我觉得这个大厅不够大，开不了派对。根据空格前后句之间关系可知，此处是一种假设，表示“如果邀请这么多人，则大厅不够大”，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 14．（2022·湖南永州·一模）Anna is so clever she can work out the math problems easily. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：安娜很聪明，她能轻松地解出这道数学题。根据“Anna is so clever ... she can work out the math problems easily.”可知，so...that“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 15．（2022·湖南永州·一模）He didn’t receive the vaccine (疫苗) for COVID-19 he went work abroad last month. 【答案】until 【详解】句意：他直到上个月出国工作才接种新冠疫苗。根据语境可知本题考查not...until“直到……才”，表示直到出国工作才打疫苗。故填until。 二、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东汕头·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，在每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last weekend, our community organized a river-cleaning activity. It was 1 most meaningful experience for me. Over 100 volunteers joined, including students, teachers, and even 2 doctors from the local hospital. The river used to be polluted 3 factories nearby poured waste into it. However, things began to change two years ago 4 the government introduced strict environmental laws. Now, we work together to protect it. During the activity, I noticed a boy 5 plastic bottles carefully. “Why do you collect these?” I asked. He smiled and said, “I want 6 them to the recycling center. If everyone does a little, our planet will be healthier.” His words made me realize 7 important teamwork is. By 3 PM, we 8 over 400 kilograms of trash, and we added 100 kilograms before the activity ended. The river looked much cleaner. An old man nearby told us, “I haven’t seen so many fish here 9 ten years!” His words filled us with pride. This experience taught me that small actions can make 10 big difference. Let’s protect our Earth together! 1. A．a B．the C．/ 2. A．some B．any C．few 3. A．though B．unless C．because 4. A．when B．where C．which 5. A．collect B．collecting C．to collect 6. A．send B．sending C．to send 7. A．what B．how C．why 8. A．collected B．have collected C．had collected 9. A．in B．since C．for 10. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了通过一次河流清理活动，传递了环境保护需要集体参与的理念，强调每个人的微小行动都能为地球带来积极改变，并呼吁读者共同行动。 1. 句意：对我来说，这是一次非常有意义的经历。 a一个，不定冠词；the这个，定冠词。根据“It was…most meaningful experience for me.”可知，此处表示“一次非常有意义的经历”，a most表示“非常”。故选A。 2. 句意：100多名志愿者加入了，包括学生、教师，甚至还有当地医院的一些医生。 some一些；any任何；few很少。根据“Over 100 volunteers joined, including students, teachers, and even…doctors from the local hospital.”可知，此处指 “一些医生”，表示肯定意义。故选A。 3. 句意：这条河过去被污染了，因为附近的工厂往里面倾倒废物。 though尽管；unless除非；because因为。根据“The river used to be polluted…factories nearby poured waste into it.”可知，前后句是因果关系，是因为工厂排污导致的河流污染。故选C。 4. 句意：然而，两年前当政府出台严格的环境法律时，事情开始发生变化。 when当……时候；where哪里；which哪个。根据“However, things began to change two years ago…the government introduced strict environmental laws.”可知，此处表示“当政府出台严格法律时，情况开始改变”，应用when时间状语从句。故选A。 5. 句意：在活动中，我注意到一个男孩小心翼翼地收集塑料瓶。 collect收集，动词原形；collecting收集，现在分词或动名词；to collect收集，不定式。根据“During the activity, I noticed a boy…plastic bottles carefully.”可知，notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事”，强调动作的进行。故选B。 6. 句意：我想把它们送到回收中心。 send发送，动词原形；sending发送，现在分词或动名词；to send发送，不定式。根据“I want…them to the recycling center.”可知，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故选C。 7. 句意：他的话让我意识到团队合作有多么重要。 what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“His words made me realize…important teamwork is.”可知，realize后接how引导的宾语从句，并且修饰后面的形容词important，表达“团队合作多么重要”。故选B。 8. 句意：到下午3点，我们已经收集了超过400公斤的垃圾，在活动结束前我们又增加了100公斤。 collected收集，一般过去时或过去分词；have collected收集，现在完成时；had collected收集，过去完成时。根据“By 3 PM, we…over 400 kilograms of trash…”可知，by后面接过去的时间点时，句子用过去完成时。故选C。 9. 句意：附近的一位老人告诉我们：“我已经十年没有在这里看到这么多鱼了！”他的话让我们充满自豪。 in在……里面；since自从；for+一段时间。根据“I haven’t seen so many fish here…ten years!”可知，“for+一段时间”与现在完成时连用，表示“十年未见过这么多鱼”。故选C。 10. 句意：这次经历告诉我，小小的行动可以带来巨大的变化。 a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词；the这个，定冠词。根据“This experience taught me that small actions can make…big difference.”可知，make a difference“产生影响”，固定搭配。故选A。 Passage 2 （2025·陕西榆林·二模）Susan Jones often noticed people walking with guide dogs in her city. She was always interested 1 how the guide dogs do their work. 2 finally found the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program-the dogs 3 to be guides for blind people there. Last year, Susan and her family became Seeing Eye volunteers. They adopted a young Seeing Eye dog. “We spent 4 time staying with him,” explained Susan. It took at least two years 5 Seeing Eye dogs all the skills they need to guide a disabled person. During the first month of life, the little dog lives with a normal family. When the dog is about one year old, it leaves its home. A professional trainer and a blind person teach the dog 6 . After a long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person 7 team up. Susan said there was a deep feeling between her and the little dog. “It 8 when the time came to say goodbye,” she said. “But we know 9 to help someone who strongly needs it.” “I feel good 10 I give the gift of independence to someone who cannot see. It’s amazing how one dog can change someone’s life,” Susan said happily. 1. A．of B．to C．in D．with 2. A．her B．Her C．she D．She 3. A．train B．trained C．is trained D．are trained 4. A．many B．much C．little D．few 5. A．to teach B．teach C．to order D．order 6. A．skill B．a skill C．an skill D．the skills 7. A．final B．finally C．poor D．poorly 8. A．was hardly B．hard C．was hard D．hardly 9. A．that is the little dog going B．that the little dog is going C．what is the little dog going D．what the little dog is going 10. A．when B．unless C．why D．though 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A 【分析】本文讲述了苏珊・琼斯因对导盲犬工作感兴趣，成为 “导盲犬协会” 志愿者，参与导盲犬训练并见证其帮助盲人过程的故事。 1. 句意：她一直对导盲犬如何工作感兴趣。 of……的；to到；in在……里；with和。根据“She was always interested…how the guide dogs do their work.”可知，这里是be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，需介词in搭配。故选C。 2. 句意：当她听说 “导盲犬协会” 项目时，终于找到了答案。 her她的，形容词性物主代词/宾格；Her她的，首字母大写的形容词性物主代词；she她，小写主格；She她，首字母大写主格。根据“…finally found the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program”可知，句子缺主语，需主格代词，且句首首字母应大写。故选D。 3. 句意：那里的狗被训练成盲人的导盲犬。 train训练，动词原形；trained训练，过去式/过去分词；is trained被训练，单数被动语态；are trained被训练，复数被动语态。根据“the dogs…to be guides for blind people there”可知，主语the dogs为复数，且狗与训练为被动关系，需用被动语态are trained。故选D。 4. 句意：我们花了很多时间和它待在一起。 many许多，修饰可数名词；much许多，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“We spent…time staying with him”可知，time为不可数名词，结合语境“花费大量时间”，需用much修饰。故选B。 5. 句意：训练导盲犬掌握引导残疾人所需的所有技能至少需要两年时间。 to teach 教，不定式；teach教，动词原形；to order命令，不定式；order命令，动词原形。根据“It took at least two years…Seeing Eye dogs all the skills”可知，这里是句型It takes+时间+to do sth表示“花费时间做某事”，此处需不定式to teach表示“教授技能”。故选A。 6. 句意：一位专业训练师和一位盲人教这只狗技能。 skill技能，单数；a skill一项技能，单数；an skill语法错误；the skills技能，特指复数。根据“A professional trainer and a blind person teach the dog…”可知，上文中提到导盲犬需all the skills，此处特指导盲犬所需技能，用复数且表特指，需the skills。故选D。 7. 句意：经过漫长而艰苦的训练期后，狗和盲人终于组成了团队。 final最后的，形容词；finally终于，副词；poor贫穷的，形容词；poorly糟糕地，副词。根据“After a long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person…team up”可知，需副词修饰动词team up，finally表示“终于”，符合语境。故选B。 8. 句意：说再见的时候很难过。 was hardly几乎不是；hard困难的，形容词；was hard是困难的；hardly几乎不。根据“It…when the time came to say goodbye”可知，句子需系表结构，主语It为单数，形容词hard作表语，用was hard。 故选C。 9. 句意：但我们知道这只小狗将会帮助非常需要它的人。 that is the little dog going语法错误；that the little dog is going陈述句语序；what is the little dog going语法错误；what the little dog is going语法错误。根据“But we know…to help someone who strongly needs it”可知，宾语从句需陈述句语序，that引导从句，the little dog is going to help结构完整。 故选B。 10. 句意：当我把独立的礼物送给看不见的人时，我感觉很好。 when当……时；unless除非；why为什么；though尽管。根据“I feel good…I give the gift of independence to someone who cannot see”可知，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，用when。 故选A。 Passage 3 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Mario’s class planted fruit and vegetables in the school’s garden. He always went to the garden to look after the plants so that they 1 grow very well. Mario liked watering and cleaning the garden. He 2 liked watching the plants grow. The school used the fruit and vegetables in the garden for students’ meals. Every morning Mario spares some time to check the plants in the garden. That makes him feel relaxed. One morning he noticed 3 on the cabbage. He hurried into the classroom. “Mr. Gonzales!” he shouted. “The cabbage is covered 4 bad insects! I think they’re eating it!” Then Mr. Gonzales showed Mario 5 small box. “Don’t worry, Mario. I think I know what caused the problem. There is something in the box that might help. 6 it is small, it can play an important part.” Mr. Gonzales led his students out to the garden. “Insects called aphids (蚜虫) are eating our cabbage,” he said. “We can use what we know about the food chain 7 the problem.” Mr. Gonzales walked to the cabbage. The minute he opened the box, some ladybugs (瓢虫) quickly 8 out! “Ladybugs?” asked Mario. “How can it be helpful?” Mr. Gonzales said, “The cabbage is a producer, and aphids are eating the cabbage. Ladybugs like eating aphids. Let’s watch 9 will happen over the next few days.” After several days, Mario found the aphids disappeared in the end. There were no more aphids on the cabbage at all. 10 it is to put what we have learned into practice! 1. A．can B．could C．shall D．should 2. A．simple B．simply C．especial D．especially 3. A．nothing strange B．something strange C．strange nothing D．strange something 4. A．with B．on C．from D．off 5. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 6. A．Although B．Because C．Before D．Unless 7. A．cause B．to cause C．solve D．to solve 8. A．flies B．fly C．flew D．will fly 9. A．what B．how C．why D．that 10. A．What interesting B．How interesting C．What an interesting D．How an interesting 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了马里奥在老师的帮助下利用食物链的知识，用瓢虫给卷心菜除蚜虫的故事。 1. 句意：他总是去花园照顾植物，使它们长得很好。 can能；could能（过去式）；shall将要；should应该。根据“He always went to the garden to look after the plants so that they”可知，主句为过去时，so that引导目的状语从句，需用过去时的情态动词could，表示“以便能够”。故选B。 2. 句意：他特别喜欢看植物生长。 simple简单的；simply简单地；especial特别的；especially尤其。此处用副词especially修饰动词“liked”，强调“尤其喜欢”，故选D。 3. 句意：一天早上，他注意到卷心菜上有些奇怪的东西。 nothing strange没什么奇怪的；something strange有些奇怪的事；strange nothing（错误结构）；strange something（错误结构）。根据“One morning he noticed…on the cabbage.”以及“ He hurried into the classroom.”可知，是发现了异常，该句是肯定句，something后接形容词strange，故选B。 4. 句意：卷心菜上爬满了害虫！ with和；on在……上；from从；off离开/关掉。根据“I think they’re eating it!”可知，此处是说卷心菜上爬满了害虫！be covered with为固定搭配，表示“被……覆盖”。故选A。 5. 句意：然后冈萨雷斯先生给马里奥看了一个小盒子。 an一个（泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；a一个（泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；the这个（特指）；/零冠词。根据“small box”可知，文章首次提到“小盒子”，用不定冠词a表示泛指。故选B。 6. 句意：虽然它很小，但它可以发挥重要作用。 Although虽然；Because因为；Before在……之前；Unless除非。根据“it is small, it can play an important part.”可知，该句为让步关系，应该说“尽管它很小，但作用重要”，Although符合语境。故选A。 7. 句意：我们可以利用我们对食物链的了解来解决问题。 cause导致；to cause导致（不定式）；solve解决；to solve解决（不定式）。根据“We can use what we know about the food chain…the problem.”可知，此处是说利用对食物链的了解来解决问题。use…to solve表示“用……来解决问题”，不定式表目的。故选D。 8. 句意：他打开盒子的那一刻，一些瓢虫迅速飞了出来！ flies飞（三单形式）；fly飞（动词原形）；flew飞（过去式）；will fly飞（一般将来时）。根据“The minute he opened the box, some ladybugs (瓢虫) quickly”可知，该句描述过去发生的动作，即“打开盒子后瓢虫飞出来”，用过去式flew。故选C。 9. 句意：让我们看看接下来几天会发生什么。 what什么；how如何；why为什么；that引导从句。根据“Let’s watch…will happen over the next few days.”可知，宾语从句中缺主语，what指代“会发生的事情”。故选A。 10. 句意：把我们所学到的东西付诸实践是多么有趣啊！ What interesting（错误结构）；How interesting修饰中心词为形容词或副词的感叹句；What an interesting修饰中心词为可数名词的感叹句；How an interesting（错误结构）。分析句子可知，该句是感叹句结构，符合的感叹句结构为“How+形容词+主谓”，强调“将所学用于实践多有趣啊”。故选B。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2024·宁夏·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 More Than Just A Noodle Shop Guo Zhanglong, a Chinese young man, has lived in France 1 12 years. In 2022, he 2 (begin) selling traditional Shanxi sliced noodles in France. Sliced noodles are also 3 (call) Daoxioomian in Chinese. Guo shared some videos of his noodle shop online, and the shop 4 (quick) became popular. So far, he has already had 5 (million) of fans all over the world. At first, Guo was 6 (worry) about whether his noodles would be popular with French customers. 7 , he found the French customers not only could eat it, but also accepted it with gusto (津津有味). “Many French friends have added 8 (we) noodles to their daily diet now,” Guo said. “Food knows no borders (国界).” Since the noodle shop opened. Guo has hosted (招待) many French people 9 are interested in China. Over dinner, Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. “I want more and more 10 (foreigner) to learn about Chinese food and Chinese culture, so that they can better understand China,” he said. 【答案】 1. for 2. began 3. called 4. quickly 5. millions 6. worried 7. However 8. our 9. who/that 10. foreigners 【导语】本文主要介绍把中国山西刀削面带进法国的郭章龙的故事。 1. 句意：郭章龙，一个中国年轻人，已经在法国生活了12年。根据“has lived in France...12 years”可知，此处强调时间段，用“for+段时间”，故填for。 2. 句意：2022年，他开始在法国销售传统的山西刀削面。根据“In 2022”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填began。 3. 句意：“Sliced noodles”在汉语中也被称为刀削面。根据“Sliced noodles are also...Daoxioomian in Chinese.”可知，此处是be called“被称为”，故填called。 4. 句意：郭在网上分享了一些他的面馆视频，这家店很快就火了起来。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填quickly。 5. 句意：到目前为止，他已经在世界各地拥有了数百万的粉丝。此处是millions of“数百万的”，故填millions。 6. 句意：起初，郭担心他的面条是否会受到法国顾客的欢迎。be worried about“担心”，固定短语，故填worried。 7. 句意：然而，他发现法国顾客不仅可以吃，而且还津津有味地接受了它。前后两句构成转折关系，用However连接，故填However。 8. 句意：现在很多法国朋友都把我们的面条加入了他们的日常饮食中。此处作定语，用形容词性物主代词our，故填our。 9. 句意：自从面馆开业以来，郭接待了许多对中国感兴趣的法国人。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。故填who/that。 10. 句意：我希望越来越多的外国人了解中国食物和中国文化，这样他们就能更好地了解中国。“more and more”修饰可数名词复数，故填foreigners。 Passage 2 （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided 1 (write) about the whale (鲸鱼). I have loved them from a young age. I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about 2 (they) shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so 3 (slow) and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever. So, of course, one of my best memories 4 (be) when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt 5 (happy) than ever. They were so beautiful! And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their 6 (heart). Take the Maori people in New Zealand as 7 example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians (守护者) of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their 8 (tradition) stories. Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people? 9 they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role 10 the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean. 【答案】 1. to write 2. their 3. slowly 4. was 5. happier 6. hearts 7. an 8. traditional 9. Because 10. in 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小学时写了关于鲸鱼的作业情况。 1. 句意：我决定写有关鲸鱼的事情。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定短语。故填to write。 2. 句意：可能和它们的形状有关。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 3. 句意：它们移动得又慢又美，就像一棵树在风中翩翩起舞。空处修饰动词，应用副词。故填slowly。 4. 句意：所以，当然，我最美好的回忆之一是我在阿根廷看到了一种叫做南露脊鲸的鲸鱼。根据“got”可知，本句是一般过去时，one作主语，谓语动词用单数was。故填was。 5. 句意：看着它们在水里平稳地移动，我感到前所未有的快乐。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故填happier。 6. 句意：世界上不同的民族在他们的心中对鲸鱼有着特殊的地位。根据“their”可知，名词应用复数。故填hearts。 7. 句意：以新西兰的毛利人为例。此处表示泛指，example以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 8. 句意：他们生活在海边，把鲸鱼视为海洋的守护者，在他们的传统故事中经常谈论鲸鱼。空处修饰名词stories，应用形容词traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 9. 句意：因为它们需要我们的保护。根据前句“Why...”可知，应用because回答原因。故填Because。 10. 句意：鲸鱼在海洋中扮演着重要的角色。play a role in“扮演……角色”。故填in。 Passage 3 （2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）根据下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 1 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It’s said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, “Let’s have 2 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up 3 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban 4 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 5 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, 6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 7 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better.” So the umbrella 9 (invent). Later, people began to use paper, which was 10 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. 【答案】 1. stories 2. a 3. with 4. thought 5. building 6. when 7. surprised 8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲁班和妻子发明雨伞的典故。 1. 句意：关于雨伞的发明，中国有不同的故事。story“故事”，可数名词，被different修饰，用其复数形式。故填stories。 2. 句意：我们来比赛吧。competition是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素发音开头，其前应加不定冠词a。have a competition“比赛”。故填a。 3. 句意：明天日出之前，谁能想出一个雨天也能游西湖的好办法，谁就是赢家。come up with“想出”，动词短语。故填with。 4. 句意：鲁班认为这很容易。think“认为”，动词。时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填thought。 5. 句意：然后他花了一整晚在湖边建造亭子。build“建造”，动词。spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填building。 6. 句意：第二天早晨，鲁班谈起自己的功绩，得意洋洋，他的妻子手里拿着一件不寻常的东西。此处缺少连词，指当鲁班谈到自己建造的亭子时，妻子手里拿着一件不寻常的东西。when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 7. 句意：鲁班很惊讶。surprise“使惊讶”，动词。此处应用其形容词surprised“惊讶的”，作表语，修饰人。故填surprised。 8. 句意：他发现这个由丝绸和竹子制成的东西可以很容易地打开和关闭。easy“容易的”，形容词。此处应用其副词easily，修饰动词。故填easily。 9. 句意：于是伞被发明了。invent“发明”，动词。此处指雨伞被发明，应为被动语态。时态是一般过去时，应为一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was invented。 10. 句意：后来，人们开始使用比丝绸便宜的纸。cheap“便宜的”，形容词。根据“than”可知，此处用其比较级。故填cheaper。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $