Unit 5 First Aid （单元测试·山东专用）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 5·培优卷（参考答案） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1．B. 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．C 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．D 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36．C 37．F 38．D 39．E 40．G 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第1节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．B 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56．be included 57．to provide 58．with 59．performed 60．beating 61．patients 62．It 63．where 64．higher 65．fully 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分） 66．【参考范文】 Last Sunday, I participated in a lecture about first-aid knowledge organized by our community. The lecture was extremely practical and informative. The instructor vividly explained basic first-aid skills, such as how to perform CPR on those with heart attack and how to handle common injuries like cuts and burns. We also had hands-on practice with first-aid kits under professional guidance. This experience was eye-opening. I realized that first-aid knowledge is not only crucial for saving lives in emergencies but also gives us the confidence to take immediate action. I believe everyone should have such knowledge, and I’m determined to spread it among my classmates. It was truly a rewarding event. 第二节 （满分25分） 67．【参考范文】 Para 1:“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. I tried my very best to comfort her, telling her that everything would be all right and that we needed to find out how to get out safely. Mrs Lim began having trouble breathing, and I immediately helped her sit down and loosened her collar. “Help!” I screamed at the top of my lungs, trying to get someone’s attention. A wave of despair washed over me. I felt like we could never get out. In one last effort, I tried banging on the doors. The next few minutes felt like hours as we waited in complete silence. Para 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. Help was finally here! The brave firefighters hit the door open using their tools. It felt like a hundred pound weight was lifted off me, and Mrs Lim thanked the heavens that someone had come to our rescue. I made a sigh of relief when the doors were finally opened and all this drama was over. The firefighters praised me for helping Mrs Lim. I returned their praise with gratitude and Mrs Lim thanked me and even gave me a hug. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How did he woman know about the accident? A．From Paul. B．From Anna. C．From the paper. 2．How many people were safe and sound in the accident? A．103. B．127. C．134. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a beach. B．In a hospital. C．Over the phone. 4．What do we know about Jim? A．He has a leg injury. B．He withdrew from the football team. C．He spent his holiday with his teammates. 5．What is the man trying to do? A．Give first aid. B．Do breathing exercises. C．Relax himself. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．A couple. B．Neighbors. C．Colleagues. 7．When did Mr. Thompson arrive home today? A．At 6:30 p.m. B．At 6:15 p.m. C．At 5:45 p.m. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What happened when the old man crossed the road? A．A car hit him. B．A woman walked to him. C．A man driver made a quick right turn. 9．What did the woman see? A．An old driver. B．A man driver. C．A woman driver. 10．Who took the old man to hospital? A．The policeman . B．The woman. C．The driver. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．She asks the man to give some advice on how to do first aid. B．She asks the man to learn how to do first aid. C．She asks the man to do first did. 12．What should we do if the person isn’t breathing? A．Check if there is food at the back of the mouth. B．Send him or her to the hospital. C．Shake his or her shoulders to wake him or her up. 13．What can we do with a handkerchief according to the man’s speech? A．Open a person’s mouth. B．Start a person’s breath. C．Stop a person’s bleeding. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Doctor and nurse. B．Nurse and patient. C．Doctor and patient. 15．What is the man’s problem? A．He often gets tired. B．He has no appetite. C．He fails to fall a sleep at night. 16．What do we know about the man? A．He is hungry now. B．He dislikes junk food. C．He seldom does sports. 17．What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A．Do exercise every day. B．Get enough sleep. C．Eat right food. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How much in total will be used in earthquake relief? A．£60 million. B．£100 million. C．£160 million. 19．How can people express their willing to help the rescue team? A．By contacting the radio program. B．By calling a charity organization. C．By leaving personal information at a website. 20．What is the main purpose of the talk? A．To forecast the weather of this week. B．To praise sponsors in the disaster relief. C．To update information about the earthquake. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What if I were to tell you that there is a magical place where you can get paid to play and channel your inner child? This is an opportunity to break free from the world of boring day jobs. Trust me, the grass is greener on the other side and I’m handing you an open invitation to come see for yourself! Join us, as a summer camp counselor (辅导员)! Duties Typically, your campers’ ages will range between 7 and 17 years old. Your role would be to lead and supervise children in both recreational and educational activities within a residential area. Your duties include providing children with emotional support in things like newly introduced skill sets, conflicts with other campers, and potential separation anxiety from home. Your main objective would be to guarantee (确保) that every participant is safe. Salary A summer camp counselor’s hourly pay is on average $10. The weekly average pay is $420. Junior level pay is about $320 a week. Senior level pay is roughly $560 a week. If you have no related experience then you will start as an assistant for at least 4 weeks and get a quarter of the junior level salary. Qualifications You have to be 18 or older and have graduated from high school. It is encouraged but not required to have certificates in lifeguarding. Training in first aid is ideal. It is also preferred that you have had exposure to some sort of childcare in the past. Your days as a camp counselor will be very rewarding! 21．What is a counselor’s main duty? A．Easing anxiety. B．Ensuring safety. C．Solving conflicts. D．Introducing skills. 22．How much can an assistant earn in the first 4 weeks? A．$320. B．$420. C．$560. D．$1,280. 23．Which is a must for an applicant? A．First aid training. B．Experience in childcare. C．A high school certificate. D．Qualifications in lifeguarding. B Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do? On Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude. As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled. On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible. The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged (轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What if I flip (翻)?” With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own way back. “I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. 24．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The pilot. B．The kayak. C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft. 25．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001? A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos. C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured. 26．Which of the following best describes Gelinne? A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated. C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless. 27．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph? A．He dialed 911 immediately. B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice. C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries. D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely. C The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will provide help for a person in need. People tend to act in an emergency when there are few or no other people present. About six decades ago, researchers connected the bystander effect with two factors: the diffusion of responsibility and social influence. The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. Social influence means that individuals observe the behavior of those around them to decide how to respond. Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored. One way to address the bystander effect is to behave as if one is the first or only person to see a problem. Often, when one person makes a move, even if just to shout “Hey, what’s going on?”, others may be encouraged to help people in trouble as well. That is to say, an active bystander is most effective when they assume that they themselves are the only person taking charge. It is also important for individuals to develop moral virtues. Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). Worry less about the consequences (后果) of giving a helping hand and think more about the example you are setting for future generations. If you are the affected person, pick out one person in the crowd and make eye contact. People’ s natural drive to be kind and helpful may make it hard for them to reject your request for help. 28．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph? A．By giving a definition. B．By providing an example. C．By making comparisons. D．By listing numbers. 29．What does the underlined word “diffusion” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Absence. B．Difference. C．Spread. D．Increase. 30．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Emotions shown by victims in dangerous situations. B．The harm bystanders may suffer after taking action. C．The bystander effect’s negative impacts on victims. D．Possible changes of passive bystanders in emergent situations. 31．What is advised to do to reduce the bystander effect? A．Try to learn some first-aid skills. B．Make eye contact with the victims. C．Consider the consequences before acting. D．Approach issues from others’ standpoint. D A team of researchers from the United States and Switzerland have reported the discovery of a previously unknown compound (化合物) in chloraminated drinking water, which is drunk by more than 113 million people in the United States. Inorganic chloramines are commonly used to disinfect (消毒) drinking water to safeguard public health from diseases. The researchers have now identified the compound called chloronitramide anion as an end product of inorganic chloramine decomposition. While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk. Julian Fairey, the first co-author of the paper published in Science, noted that researchers had known about the new compound for decades but had been unable to identify it. He himself began trying to uncover the mystery 10 years ago. “It’s a very stable chemical with a low molecular weight,” Fairey said. “It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was.” Definitely, there will be questions about the health risks posed by this new compound, which could not be previously evaluated in any toxicity studies. Fairey explained, “It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. A major goal of our work is to identify these chemicals and the reaction pathways through which they form.” Whether chloronitramide anion is linked to any cancer or other health risks will be assessed in future work by academics and regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. At the very least, toxicity studies can now be started on this compound thanks to this discovery. “Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.” 32．What can be known about the new compound from the first two paragraphs? A．Whether it is toxic or not remains unknown. B．It has little in common with other compounds. C．It rarely exists in chloraminated drinking water. D．Millions of Americans are being threatened by it. 33．What did Fairey say about studying the new compound in paragraph 3? A．It was quite challenging. B．He started it just recently. C．Most researchers opposed it. D．It was finished ten years ago. 34．Why is it necessary to study the chemicals in chloraminated drinking water? A．They make drinking water less tasty. B．They may be harmful to human health. C．They are used to measure water quality. D．They generate something against cancer. 35．Which of the following shows Fairey’s opinion? A．Toxicity studies can’t be carried out currently. B．It is not difficult to identify various compounds. C．Chloronitramide anion gives rise to health risks. D．The identification of the new compound is valuable. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. 36 They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age. 37 . We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. 38 . In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it’s the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That’s why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. 39 It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient’s condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. 40 A．Developed countries witness a greater death rate B．But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours C．The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid D．Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis E．The first few minutes is the most critical in the case of a medical emergency F．That’s why it’s a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for G．However, if you can employ the basic first aid skills, it can relieve the damage 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was an ordinary Saturday morning. The sun was peeking through the clouds, 41 a warm glow over the park. Emily was running in the park. Suddenly, there was some 42 not far away. Emily looked in that direction and saw a crowd gathering, looking 43 . She ran over to see what had happened. There was an old woman lying on the ground, her face pale as a sheet and her lips 44 purple and quivering. Beside her, another old woman 45 anxiously, “She’s having a heart attack!” Everyone around looked troubled. Some were 46 an ambulance, but no one knew how to help the old woman before the ambulance arrived. Taking a deep 47 , Emily stepped forward and said, “I’ve learned CPR. Let me have a try.” She knelt down on the solid ground beside the old woman and checked her 48 . Then, she crossed her palms (手掌), 49 her arms and started doing CPR. Counting in her mind, she pressed the old woman’s chest with the 50 rhythm and force. She 51 two rescue breaths after every 30 chest compressions (按压). 52 hung in the air, and the hearts of everyone watching were in their throats. Emily was soaked in sweat and her arms and legs felt incredibly sore. However, she was 53 to keep going. When the medical staff arrived, Emily explained to them the measures she had 54 . They checked the old woman and said she was out of danger. After the woman was lifted into the ambulance, thunderous applause 55 among the crowd, with many people nodding and smiling at Emily. 41．A．absorbing B．dominating C．releasing D．casting 42．A．fear B．noise C．echo D．whisper 43．A．embarrassed B．depressed C．panicked D．disappointed 44．A．slightly B．desperately C．frequently D．precisely 45．A．interrupted B．waited C．complained D．screamed 46．A．deciding on B．giving off C．calling for D．submitting to 47．A．breath B．skip C．mood D．sigh 48．A．comprehension B．motive C．Condition D．endurance 49．A．grabbed B．straightened C．extended D．waved 50．A．restricted B．required C．expected D．restored 51．A．anticipated B．stimulated C．inspected D．performed 52．A．Ease B．Sympathy C．Anxiety D．Sorrow 53．A．determined B．committed C．enthusiastic D．sensitive 54．A．guaranteed B．abandoned C．reformed D．adopted 55．A．arose B．erupted C．declined D．faded 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Department for Education has just held a consultation (磋商) on what should 56 (include) on the school curriculum (课程) for personal, social, health and economic (PSHE) education. First aid is a vital life skill and schools are under increasing pressure 57 (provide) it as a part of the school curriculum. First aid training provides children 58 knowledge of dealing with any medical emergencies. In addition to any first aid training they may have at school, many teenagers are now also choosing to take online and practical courses. CPR, an emergency life-saving procedure 59 (perform) when the heart stops 60 (beat), is just one of the many areas covered in the first aid courses. In the UK over 30,000 cardiac arrests a year occur outside of hospitals, but less than one in ten cardiac arrest 61 (patient) survive to be discharged from hospital. 62 is therefore vital that we equip more people with the skills, ability and confidence to help. In Norway and the USA 63 these skills are routinely taught in schools, the survival rate for cardiac arrests in the community is far 64 (high) than in the UK. For older children and teenagers, a first aid course can really boost their confidence, so they feel 65 (full) prepared should they or their friends need first-line medical help. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你在周日参加了社区组织的一次急救知识讲座，请你写一篇短文给校英语栏目投稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动内容； 2. 讲述自己的感悟。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we were finally dismissed from the last class of the day, the students streamed out of the classrooms. It was another boring day after school. I dragged my feet home as I sighed. Yet another uneventful day, I thought. Little did I know that the day would take a turn for the worse. The lift lobby (电梯间) of my flat was old and dirty. The walls, which were painted white, had been dirtied over many years. I reached my flat’s lobby, and pressed the lift button and went in. Just then, Mrs Lim, my elderly neighbour, hobbled (蹒跚) in. She looked ancient with tissue paper white hair, wearing a faded old-fashioned dress. I held the lift door open, flashing a friendly smile, and politely greeted her. I asked her how she felt that day and pressed the buttons. She thanked me for being so polite, then we were silent for the rest of the ride. The lift fell down increasingly fast. There were loud clanking sounds here and there while the lift grew slower and slower. My heart beat hard and fast as my hands turned cold and wet with sweat. Unfortunately, the lift came to an abrupt stop at the fifth floor. I pressed the buttons hard several times, but it was of no help. The lights on the buttons had gone out. It soon dawned on me that we were trapped. An icy fear crept up my spine. Mrs Lim was hysterical (歇斯底里). Paragraph 1:“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. _________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. ___ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $英语听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Did you know that anna is in hospital? SHE fell down . the stairs. really. I've just seen paul, and he didn't say anything about IT. He probably doesn't know yet. Anna only phoned me half an hour ago. I wouldn't be surprised if the story ends up in the local paper tomorrow. Have you heard the news? But a ferry with one hundred and twenty four passengers, ten crew members on board, call fire on monday? Yes, IT is that one hundred twenty seven people were rescued, twenty four of them were injured. That's terrible. 3、Francesco general hospital. hello, this is an emergency. Can you please send an ambuLance? OK, okay, just try to calm down, sir, and tell me where you are. right? We are add lot travel ta restaurant in north beach. Have you seen jim since that happened? Yes, he was hoping to spend his holiday touring with his football team, but he had to pull out. When will he be able to play again? IT takes months for a broken leg to recover fully. Try to start his breathing again, or he will die in five minutes. Well, how can I start his breathing by using the mouth to mouth method? 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。What is that strange smell? Did you take the trash out? yeah. Oh, that is the gas. I'll open the windows and let fresh air come in. Can you turn off the gas? I looked where there is no gas league than IT must come from mr. thomson. mr. Thomson went to australia for sighting. Did he return? He came home a quarter of an hour earlier than you. When you get back home, the local just struck six. It's six thirty P. M. Now hurry up. Let's knock on his door. We need to grab and cover our noses in case of an accident. What is that strange smell? Did you take the . trash out? yeah. Oh, IT is the gas. I'll open the windows and let fresh air come in. Can you turn off the gas? I looked everywhere. There is no gas league e than IT must come from mr. thomson. mr. Thomson went to australia for sighting. Did he return? He came home a quarter of an hour earlier than you. When you got back home, the local just struck six. It's six thirty P. M. Now hurry up. Let's knock on his door. We need to b and cover our noses in case of an accident. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。When did the accident take place? IT was seven fifteen on the morning of february eight, two thousand nine. I will never forget. IT, where were you and what did you see? I was walking along park road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car make a right turn into park road. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. Didn't the driver stop the car? No, IT was unbelievable. The car didn't stop, but drove off at great speed heading west. Did you see the driver or the plate number? Yes, I noticed the driver was a Young woman and the number was AC, eight, six, four. thanks. We'll deal with the case right away. By the way, it's very kind of you to take the old man to hospital. When did the accident take place? IT was seven, fifteen on the morning of february ary. Eight, two thousand, nine. I will never forget. IT, where were you and what did you see? I was walking along park road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car make a right turn into park road. The next moment, the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. Didn't the driver stop the car? No, IT was unbelievable. The car didn't stop, but drove off at great speed heading west. Did you see the driver or the plate number? Yes, I noticed the driver was a Young woman and the number was AC, eight, six, four. thanks. We'll deal with the case right away. By the way, it's very kind of you to take the old man to hospital. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。You have been a doctor for quite a few years. Could you give us some advice on how to do first day, please? Yes, i'd love to quick and correct. First aid can save a person's life, so every one of us should know something about first date. If someone has an accident, what should we do for him or her? You should get to see if here he can breathe, open his or her mouth and make sure there is no food at the back of the mouth. What shall we do then? Then we must start his or her breath at once. This must be done within five minutes, or the person will die. If the person is bleeding badly. what shall we do? You must try to stop the bleeding. You present a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold IT there. Thank you for telling us so many useful things, mr. White. You have been a doctor for quite a few years. Could you give us some advice on how to do first day, please? Yes, i'd love to quick and correct. First aid can save a person's life, so every one of us should know something about first date. If someone has an accident, what should we do for him or her? You should to see if here he can breathe, open his or her mouth and make sure there is no food at the back of the mouth. What shall we do then? Then we must start his or her breath at once. This must be done within five minutes, or the person will die. If the person is bleeding badly, what shall we do? You must try to stop the bleeding. He brings a handkerchief f onto the bleeding point and hold IT there. Thank you for telling us so many useful things, mr. White. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Doctor summers, and fifty seven, and very healthy, but I get tired often. What can I do about this? Well, first, make sure you exercise. Do you do this? Not really. I'm not really into exercise. I seldom take exercise myself. How about exercising with someone? Then it's important for you to exercise every day. The next thing you should do is eat the right amount of good food. Um I tried to do this, but sometimes it's hard. Do you eat a lot of junk food? No, but I love to eat, and I get hungry often, so I eat a lot. You could be tired because you eat too much, too fast when you have a meal, try to eat slowly and stop when you get full. Finally, have enough sleep every day. Enough sleep might give you some extra orgy OK. I understand these . suggestions will help you feel more energetic, good luck. Doctor summers, and fifty seven, and very healthy, but I get tired often. What can I do about this? Well, first, make sure you exercise. Do you do this? Not really. I'm not really into exercise. I seldom take exercise myself. How about exercising with someone? Then it's important for you to exercise every day. The next thing you should do is eat the right amount of good food. Hm, I try to do this, but sometimes it's hard. Do you eat a lot of junk food? No, but I love to eat, and I get hungry often, so I eat a lot. You could be tired because you eat too much, too fast when you have a meal, try to eat slowly and stop when you get full. Finally, have enough sleep every day. Enough sleep might give you some extra erg OK. I understand these . suggestions will help you feel more energetic, good luck. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第23个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。This is Bruce og thy. With the new news update for city radio, president barry jeffrey has announced that the government will provide sixty million pounds in relief to communities that suffered from the effects of the weekend earthquake. Hundreds of people who lost homes have been housed in hotels, the homes of volunteered and schools. Some of the money promised by the president will be used to help repair roads and bridges, which were badly damaged by the disaster. Caroline crawford, a spokesperson for the president, said the sixty million pounds was just the first payment. Then another one hundred million pounds was to be given from the fund for rebuilding the broken houses. The earthquake ke is so far known to have cost ten lives. However, there was one piece of good news. This morning, a ten year old boy found his anxious parents after being lost in the chaos. The rescue team also needs more medical workers to join. If you want to help, please call our local red cross. For more news and information on the efforts, visit our website at WWW. That city news that come will be providing updates every hour or whenever an important story breaks. This has been Bruce og vy with the news. Stay tuned for a full weather update. This is Bruce ogc y, with the new news update for city radio, president barry jeffrey has announced that the government will provide sixty million pounds in relief to communities that suffered from the effects of the weekend earthquake. Hundreds of people who lost homes have been housed in hotels, the homes of volunteers, ers and schools. Some of the money promised by the president will be used to help repair roads and bridges, which were badly damaged by the disaster. Caroline crawford, a spokesperson for the president, said the sixty million pounds was just the first payment. Then another one hundred million pounds was to be given from the fund for rebuilding the broken houses. The earthquake is so far known to have cost ten lives. However, there was one piece of good news. This morning, a ten year old boy found his anxious parents after being lost in the K. S. The rescue team also needs more medical workers to join. If you want to help, please call our local red cross. For more news and information on the efforts, visit our website at WWW city. News that come will be providing updates every hour or whenever an important story breaks. This has been Bruce og vy with the news. Stay tuned for a full weather update. 第二节到此结束。现。 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How did the woman know about the accident? A．From Paul. B．From Anna. C．From the paper. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Did you know that Anna is in hospital? She fell down the stairs. M: Really? I’ve just seen Paul and he didn’t say anything about it. W: He probably doesn’t know yet. Anna only phoned me half an hour ago. I wouldn’t be surprised if the story ends up in the local paper tomorrow. 2．How many people were safe and sound in the accident? A．103. B．127. C．134. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Have you heard the news that a ferry with 124 passengers and 10 crew members on board caught fire on Monday? W: Yes. It is said that 127 people were rescued. 24 of them were injured. M: That’s terrible. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a beach. B．In a hospital. C．Over the phone. 【答案】C 【原文】W: San Francisco General Hospital. M: Hello. This is an emergency. Can you please send an ambulance? W: OK, OK. Just try to calm down, sir. And tell me where you are. M: Right. Uh, we are at La Traviata Restaurant in North Beach. 4．What do we know about Jim? A．He has a leg injury. B．He withdrew from the football team. C．He spent his holiday with his teammates. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Have you seen Jim since it happened? M: Yes. He was hoping to spend his holiday touring with his football team but he had to pull out. W: When will he be able to play again? M: It takes months for a broken leg to recover fully. 5．What is the man trying to do? A．Give first aid. B．Do breathing exercises. C．Relax himself. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Try to start his breathing again, or he will die in five minutes. M: Well, how can I start his breathing? W: By using the mouth-to-mouth method. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．A couple. B．Neighbors. C．Colleagues. 7．When did Mr. Thompson arrive home today? A．At 6:30 p.m. B．At 6:15 p.m. C．At 5:45 p.m. 【答案】6．A 7．C 【原文】M: What is that strange smell? Did you take the trash out? W: Yeah. Oh, it is the gas. I’ll open the windows and let fresh air come in. Can you turn off the gas? M: But I looked everywhere. There’s no gas leak. Then it must come from Mr. Thompson’s. Mr. Thompson went to Australia for sightseeing. Did he return? W: He came home a quarter of an hour earlier than you. When you got back home, the clock had just struck six. It’s 6:30 p. m. now. Hurry up, let’s knock on his door. M: We need to grab wet towels and cover our noses in case of an accident. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What happened when the old man crossed the road? A．A car hit him. B．A woman walked to him. C．A man driver made a quick right turn. 9．What did the woman see? A．An old driver. B．A man driver. C．A woman driver. 10．Who took the old man to hospital? A．The policeman . B．The woman. C．The driver. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 【原文】M: When did the accident take place? W: It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2009. I will never forget it. M: Where were you and what did you see? W: I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car make a right turn into Park Road. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. M: Didn’t the driver stop the car? W: No. It was unbelievable. The car didn’t stop but drove off at great speed heading west. M: Did you see the driver or the plate number? W: Yes. I noticed the driver was a young woman and the number was AC864. M: Thanks. We’ll deal with the case right away. By the way, it’s very kind of you to take the old man to hospital. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．She asks the man to give some advice on how to do first aid. B．She asks the man to learn how to do first aid. C．She asks the man to do first did. 12．What should we do if the person isn’t breathing? A．Check if there is food at the back of the mouth. B．Send him or her to the hospital. C．Shake his or her shoulders to wake him or her up. 13．What can we do with a handkerchief according to the man’s speech? A．Open a person’s mouth. B．Start a person’s breath. C．Stop a person’s bleeding. 【答案】11．A 12．A 13．C 【原文】W: You have been a doctor for quite a few years. Could you give us some advice on how to do first aid, please? M: Yes, I’d love to. Quick and correct first aid can save a person’s life. So every one of us should know something about first aid. W: If someone has an accident, what should we do for him or her? M: You should check to see if he or she can breathe. Open his or her mouth and make sure there is no food at the back of the mouth. W: What shall we do then? M: Then we must start his or her breath at once. This must be done within five minutes, or the person will die. W: If the person is bleeding badly, what shall we do? M: You must try to stop the bleeding. You press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there. W: Thank you for telling us so many useful things, Mr White. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Doctor and nurse. B．Nurse and patient. C．Doctor and patient. 15．What is the man’s problem? A．He often gets tired. B．He has no appetite. C．He fails to fall a sleep at night. 16．What do we know about the man? A．He is hungry now. B．He dislikes junk food. C．He seldom does sports. 17．What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A．Do exercise every day. B．Get enough sleep. C．Eat right food. 【答案】14．C 15．A 16．C 17．B 【原文】M: Doctor Sommers, I’m 57 and very healthy, but I get tired often. What can I do about this? W: Well, first, make sure you exercise. Do you do this? M: Not really. I’m not really into exercise. I seldom take exercise myself. W: How about exercising with someone, then? It’s important for you to exercise every day. The next thing you should do is eat the right amount of good food. M: Hmmm... I try to do this, but sometimes it’s hard. W: Do you eat a lot of junk food? M: No, but I love to eat, and I get hungry often, so I eat a lot. W: You could be tired because you eat too much too fast. When you have a meal, try to eat slowly, and stop when you get full. Finally, have enough sleep every day. Enough sleep might give you some extra energy. M: OK, I understand. W: These suggestions will help you feel more energetic. Good luck! 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How much in total will be used in earthquake relief? A．£60 million. B．£100 million. C．£160 million. 19．How can people express their willing to help the rescue team? A．By contacting the radio program. B．By calling a charity organization. C．By leaving personal information at a website. 20．What is the main purpose of the talk? A．To forecast the weather of this week. B．To praise sponsors in the disaster relief. C．To update information about the earthquake. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．C 【原文】 This is Bruce Ogilvy with the noon news update for City Radio. President Barry Jeffries has announced that the government will provide £60 million in relief to communities that suffered from the effects of the weekend earthquake. Hundreds of people who lost homes have been housed in hotels, the homes of volunteers and schools. Some of the money promised by the President will be used to help repair roads and bridges which were badly damaged by the disaster. Caroline Crawford, a spokesperson for the President, said the £60 million was just the first payment. Then another £100 million was to be given from the fund for rebuilding the broken houses. The earthquake is so far known to have cost ten lives. However, there was one piece of good news this morning. A ten-year-old boy found his anxious parents after being lost in the chaos. The rescue team also needs more medical workers to join. If you want to help, please call our local Red Cross. For more news and information on the efforts, visit our website at www.citynews.com. We’ll be providing updates every hour or whenever an important story breaks. This has been Bruce Ogilvy with the news. Stay tuned for a full weather update. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What if I were to tell you that there is a magical place where you can get paid to play and channel your inner child? This is an opportunity to break free from the world of boring day jobs. Trust me, the grass is greener on the other side and I’m handing you an open invitation to come see for yourself! Join us, as a summer camp counselor (辅导员)! Duties Typically, your campers’ ages will range between 7 and 17 years old. Your role would be to lead and supervise children in both recreational and educational activities within a residential area. Your duties include providing children with emotional support in things like newly introduced skill sets, conflicts with other campers, and potential separation anxiety from home. Your main objective would be to guarantee (确保) that every participant is safe. Salary A summer camp counselor’s hourly pay is on average $10. The weekly average pay is $420. Junior level pay is about $320 a week. Senior level pay is roughly $560 a week. If you have no related experience then you will start as an assistant for at least 4 weeks and get a quarter of the junior level salary. Qualifications You have to be 18 or older and have graduated from high school. It is encouraged but not required to have certificates in lifeguarding. Training in first aid is ideal. It is also preferred that you have had exposure to some sort of childcare in the past. Your days as a camp counselor will be very rewarding! 21．What is a counselor’s main duty? A．Easing anxiety. B．Ensuring safety. C．Solving conflicts. D．Introducing skills. 22．How much can an assistant earn in the first 4 weeks? A．$320. B．$420. C．$560. D．$1,280. 23．Which is a must for an applicant? A．First aid training. B．Experience in childcare. C．A high school certificate. D．Qualifications in lifeguarding. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一篇招聘广告，招聘一名夏令营辅导员，介绍了辅导员的职责，薪水和应该具有的资格。 21．细节理解题。根据“Duties”部分的“Your main objective would be to guarantee (确保) that every participant is safe. (你的主要目标是保证每个参与者都是安全的)”可知，辅导员的主要职责是保证参与者的安全。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“Salary”部分中“ A summer camp counselor’s hourly pay is on average $10. The weekly average pay is $420. Junior level pay is about $320 a week. Senior level pay is roughly $560 a week. (夏令营辅导员的平均时薪是10美元。每周平均工资是420美元。初级水平的工资大约是每周320美元。高级职员的工资大约是每周560美元。)”以及“If you have no related experience then you will start as an assistant for at least 4 weeks and get a quarter of the junior level salary. (如果你没有相关经验，那么你将以助理的身份开始至少4周的工作，薪水是初级水平的四分之一。)”可知，初级水平的工资大约是每周320美元，没有相关经验的话将以助理的身份开始至少4周，工作薪水是初级水平的四分之一；因此助理每周薪水是$320÷4=$80，前四周是$80×4=$320，因此助理在头4周内可以赚320美元。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“Qualifications”部分中“You have to be 18 or older and have graduated from high school. (你必须年满18岁，并且已经从高中毕业了)”可知，申请人必须拥有高中毕业证书。故选C。 B Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do? On Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude. As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled. On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible. The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged (轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What if I flip (翻)?” With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own way back. “I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. 24．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The pilot. B．The kayak. C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft. 25．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001? A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos. C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured. 26．Which of the following best describes Gelinne? A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated. C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless. 27．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph? A．He dialed 911 immediately. B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice. C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries. D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely. 【答案】24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了60岁的Gelinne在家中目睹一架小型飞机坠入冰封的胡须溪后的英勇救援行动。 24．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文““Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude. (“看“！”她叫道。Gelinne抬起头，正好看到几百码外有一架小型飞机正在下降)”可推知，画线部分指的是这艘在下降的飞机。故选D项。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled. (他逃离了混乱，但一直想知道他是否可以留在里面帮忙。“向右就是危机，向左就是逃避。我甚至不知道我能不能向右走，但我还是向左走了，”他回忆说)”可知，Gelinne对2001年9月11日他逃离现场感到后悔。故选A项。 26．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). (他用脚试了试冰面，决定不冒险在上面走。然后，他和37岁的儿子John J拉出了两艘皮划艇)”和第五段中“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” (儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像抱着你的妻子一样抓紧船。”)”可知，面对需要救人的紧急情况，Gelinne没有贸然行动，而是先评估了在冰面上行走的危险，而且他会用开玩笑的方式让飞行员保持冷静。由此可知，他是幽默且冷静的。故选C项。 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. (尽管如此，他还是很满意自己那天走的是正确的路)”可知，Gelinne感到满意是因为这一天他选择勇敢地处理危机。故选D项。 C The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will provide help for a person in need. People tend to act in an emergency when there are few or no other people present. About six decades ago, researchers connected the bystander effect with two factors: the diffusion of responsibility and social influence. The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. Social influence means that individuals observe the behavior of those around them to decide how to respond. Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored. One way to address the bystander effect is to behave as if one is the first or only person to see a problem. Often, when one person makes a move, even if just to shout “Hey, what’s going on?”, others may be encouraged to help people in trouble as well. That is to say, an active bystander is most effective when they assume that they themselves are the only person taking charge. It is also important for individuals to develop moral virtues. Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). Worry less about the consequences (后果) of giving a helping hand and think more about the example you are setting for future generations. If you are the affected person, pick out one person in the crowd and make eye contact. People’ s natural drive to be kind and helpful may make it hard for them to reject your request for help. 28．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph? A．By giving a definition. B．By providing an example. C．By making comparisons. D．By listing numbers. 29．What does the underlined word “diffusion” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Absence. B．Difference. C．Spread. D．Increase. 30．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Emotions shown by victims in dangerous situations. B．The harm bystanders may suffer after taking action. C．The bystander effect’s negative impacts on victims. D．Possible changes of passive bystanders in emergent situations. 31．What is advised to do to reduce the bystander effect? A．Try to learn some first-aid skills. B．Make eye contact with the victims. C．Consider the consequences before acting. D．Approach issues from others’ standpoint. 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．C 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旁观者效应，分析其成因，阐述对受害者的危害，并提出通过主动行动和共情等来减少该效应。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. (旁观者效应是一种社会心理学理论，当其他人在场时，一个人不愿在令人不安的情况下采取措施，比如车祸、犯罪或其他不法行为，就会发生旁观者效应)”可知，作者定义了“旁观者效应”，解释了其表现和典型场景。故选A项。 29．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文对“the diffusion of responsibility”的解释“The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. (前者意味着旁观者越多，个体采取行动的个人责任就越少)”可知，责任被“分摊”给多个旁观者，导致个体责任感减弱，因此画线词意为“分散，扩散”。故选C项。 30．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored. (在旁观者效应下，那些没有得到帮助的人可能会感到疏离，经历更多的痛苦和降低自我价值，以及遭受与压力相关的后遗症。此外，信任问题可能会出现，使建立关系变得困难，导致这些人因为害怕被忽视而在社交上疏远)”可知，本段主要分析了旁观者效应对受害者造成的负面影响，包括心理和社会性伤害。故选C项。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). (试着从受害者的角度看问题)”可知，作者建议通过换位思考来缓解旁观者效应。故选D项。 D A team of researchers from the United States and Switzerland have reported the discovery of a previously unknown compound (化合物) in chloraminated drinking water, which is drunk by more than 113 million people in the United States. Inorganic chloramines are commonly used to disinfect (消毒) drinking water to safeguard public health from diseases. The researchers have now identified the compound called chloronitramide anion as an end product of inorganic chloramine decomposition. While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk. Julian Fairey, the first co-author of the paper published in Science, noted that researchers had known about the new compound for decades but had been unable to identify it. He himself began trying to uncover the mystery 10 years ago. “It’s a very stable chemical with a low molecular weight,” Fairey said. “It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was.” Definitely, there will be questions about the health risks posed by this new compound, which could not be previously evaluated in any toxicity studies. Fairey explained, “It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. A major goal of our work is to identify these chemicals and the reaction pathways through which they form.” Whether chloronitramide anion is linked to any cancer or other health risks will be assessed in future work by academics and regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. At the very least, toxicity studies can now be started on this compound thanks to this discovery. “Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.” 32．What can be known about the new compound from the first two paragraphs? A．Whether it is toxic or not remains unknown. B．It has little in common with other compounds. C．It rarely exists in chloraminated drinking water. D．Millions of Americans are being threatened by it. 33．What did Fairey say about studying the new compound in paragraph 3? A．It was quite challenging. B．He started it just recently. C．Most researchers opposed it. D．It was finished ten years ago. 34．Why is it necessary to study the chemicals in chloraminated drinking water? A．They make drinking water less tasty. B．They may be harmful to human health. C．They are used to measure water quality. D．They generate something against cancer. 35．Which of the following shows Fairey’s opinion? A．Toxicity studies can’t be carried out currently. B．It is not difficult to identify various compounds. C．Chloronitramide anion gives rise to health risks. D．The identification of the new compound is valuable. 【答案】32．A 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员在氯胺消毒的饮用水中发现了一种名为氯硝酰胺阴离子的新化合物，其毒性尚不明确，但因其广泛存在和与其他有毒物质的相似性，需进一步研究其对公共健康的潜在风险。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk. (虽然目前尚不清楚其毒性，但其广泛存在以及与其他有毒化合物的相似性令人担忧，需要进一步研究以评估其公共健康风险)”可知，这种新化合物是否有毒仍不得而知。故选A项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中Fairey所说的话“It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was. (这种化学物质很难找到。最困难的部分是识别它并证明它是我们所说的结构)”可知，Fairey在说明研究这种新化合物非常具有挑战性，识别其身份及证明其结构非常困难。故选A项。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段中Fairey所说的话“It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. (众所周知，当我们给饮用水消毒时，会产生一些毒性。在几十年的时间里，一定数量的人可能会因为喝水而患上癌症。但我们还没有确定是什么化学物质导致了这种毒性)”可知，用这种方法处理的饮用水中的化学物质可能对人体健康有害，因此有必要对其进行研究。故选B项。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.” (“即使它没有毒性，”Fairey解释道，“识别它可以帮助我们理解包括毒素的其他化合物的形成途径。如果我们知道某种物质是如何形成的，我们就有可能控制它。”)”可知，Fairey认为识别这种物质有助于理解其他化合物的形成途径，从而控制相关化合物。因此，其观点应该是“这种新化合物的识别是有价值的”。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. 36 They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age. 37 . We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. 38 . In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it’s the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That’s why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. 39 It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient’s condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. 40 A．Developed countries witness a greater death rate B．But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours C．The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid D．Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis E．The first few minutes is the most critical in the case of a medical emergency F．That’s why it’s a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for G．However, if you can employ the basic first aid skills, it can relieve the damage 【答案】36．C 37．F 38．D 39．E 40．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出急救并非专属医疗人员，而是必备生活技能，因缺乏急救知识致大量伤亡，事故随时可能发生，掌握急救能减少危险、防止伤情恶化。 36．根据空后“They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn.(他们认为这是一项仅限于医疗专业人士才能掌握的工作。但实际上，这是一项我们所有人都应该努力学习的生活技能)”可知前面应该说很多人对急救的错误认知。C项“坏消息是没有多少人知道急救的重要性”符合语境，引出下文人们对急救的错误看法。故选C。 37．根据空前“According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age.(据《卫报》报道，每年有超过 15 万人因缺乏急救知识而严重受伤或死亡。考虑到我们身处现代社会，这个数字实在令人震惊)”以及空后“We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations.(我们可以通过学习此类情况下的及时护理方法来减少这些危及生命的状况)”可知，空格前提到每年超15万人因缺乏急救知识重伤或死亡，空格后强调通过学习急救可减少这些危及生命的情况。F项“正是因为如此，所以这便成为了我们生活的一部分，即我们必须时刻做好准备”符合语境，承接上文事故随时会发生，说明我们要做好准备。故选F。 38．根据空前“Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time.(不管我们喜不喜欢，事故和紧急情况随时都会发生)”可知，空格前提到事故和紧急情况随时可能发生，空格后以美国交通事故为例说明紧急情况的普遍性。选项D“每年，心脏病发作和窒息事件都会夺走数千人的生命”列举了其他常见紧急情况，与事故和紧急情况呼应，进一步说明紧急情况的多样性和普遍性。故选D。 39．根据空后“It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives.(在专业医疗人员赶到之前，务必防止伤情进一步恶化)”可知，本句强调急救最初时间的重要性。E项“在医疗紧急情况中，最初的几分钟是至关重要的”符合语境。故选E。 40．根据空前“Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. (当然，叫救护车是你的首要任务。例如，当一个人经历心脏骤停时，他们只有3到4分钟的时间，然后大脑就会缺氧)”可知，本句进一步说明除了叫救护车，会心肺复苏术也很重要。G项“但是，如果你能掌握基本的急救技能，就能减轻伤害”与前文形成转折，符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was an ordinary Saturday morning. The sun was peeking through the clouds, 41 a warm glow over the park. Emily was running in the park. Suddenly, there was some 42 not far away. Emily looked in that direction and saw a crowd gathering, looking 43 . She ran over to see what had happened. There was an old woman lying on the ground, her face pale as a sheet and her lips 44 purple and quivering. Beside her, another old woman 45 anxiously, “She’s having a heart attack!” Everyone around looked troubled. Some were 46 an ambulance, but no one knew how to help the old woman before the ambulance arrived. Taking a deep 47 , Emily stepped forward and said, “I’ve learned CPR. Let me have a try.” She knelt down on the solid ground beside the old woman and checked her 48 . Then, she crossed her palms (手掌), 49 her arms and started doing CPR. Counting in her mind, she pressed the old woman’s chest with the 50 rhythm and force. She 51 two rescue breaths after every 30 chest compressions (按压). 52 hung in the air, and the hearts of everyone watching were in their throats. Emily was soaked in sweat and her arms and legs felt incredibly sore. However, she was 53 to keep going. When the medical staff arrived, Emily explained to them the measures she had 54 . They checked the old woman and said she was out of danger. After the woman was lifted into the ambulance, thunderous applause 55 among the crowd, with many people nodding and smiling at Emily. 41．A．absorbing B．dominating C．releasing D．casting 42．A．fear B．noise C．echo D．whisper 43．A．embarrassed B．depressed C．panicked D．disappointed 44．A．slightly B．desperately C．frequently D．precisely 45．A．interrupted B．waited C．complained D．screamed 46．A．deciding on B．giving off C．calling for D．submitting to 47．A．breath B．skip C．mood D．sigh 48．A．comprehension B．motive C．Condition D．endurance 49．A．grabbed B．straightened C．extended D．waved 50．A．restricted B．required C．expected D．restored 51．A．anticipated B．stimulated C．inspected D．performed 52．A．Ease B．Sympathy C．Anxiety D．Sorrow 53．A．determined B．committed C．enthusiastic D．sensitive 54．A．guaranteed B．abandoned C．reformed D．adopted 55．A．arose B．erupted C．declined D．Faded 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个普通周六早晨，艾米丽在公园跑步时遇一老妇人心脏病发作，她用所学的心肺复苏术施救，老妇人最终脱离危险。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：太阳正从云层中探出头来，为公园洒下一片温暖的光芒。A. absorbing吸收；B. dominating控制；C. releasing释放；D. casting投射。根据后文“a warm glow over the park”指阳光投射下光芒，用cast。故选D。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，不远处传来了一些声响。A. fear恐惧；B. noise噪音；C. echo回响；D. whisper低语。根据后文“saw a crowd gathering”可知，人群发出了噪音，故选B。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽朝那个方向望去，只见一群人正聚集在一起，神情惊慌失措。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. panicked恐慌的；D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“Everyone around looked troubled.”可知，人群神情惊慌失措。故选C。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一位老妇人躺在地上，她的脸色苍白如纸，嘴唇微微发紫且在颤抖。A. slightly稍微；B. desperately绝望地；C. frequently频繁地；D. precisely精确地。根据后文“purple and quivering”以及“She’s having a heart attack!”可知，老妇人嘴唇微微发紫且在颤抖。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她身旁，另一位老妇人焦急地尖叫道：“她心脏病发作了！”A. interrupted打断；B. waited等待；C. complained投诉；D. screamed尖叫。根据后文“She’s having a heart attack!”可知，老妇人在焦急地尖叫。故选D。 46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有人提议叫救护车，但在救护车赶到之前，没人知道该如何帮助这位老妇人。A. deciding on决定；B. giving off发出；C. calling for要求、呼叫；D. submitting to屈服于。上文提到老妇人心脏病发作了，结合后文“an ambulance”可知，有人提议叫救护车，故选C。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽深吸一口气，走上前说道：“我学过心肺复苏术。让我来试试吧。”A. breath呼吸；B. skip跳跃；C. mood情绪；D. sigh叹息。根据上文“Taking a deep”可知，艾米丽深呼吸，上前主动提出帮忙。故选A。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她跪在那位老妇人的身旁，仔细查看了她的状况。A. comprehension理解；B. motive动机；C. condition情况；D. endurance持久力。根据上文“beside the old woman and checked her”指艾米丽查看了老妇人的病情，故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她合拢双手，伸直双臂，开始实施心肺复苏术。A. grabbed抓住；B. straightened使变直，校直；C. extended扩大；D. waved挥动。根据后文“her arms and started doing CPR”可知，实施心肺复苏术需要伸直双臂，故选B。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一边在心里计数，一边以恰当的节奏和力度按压着那位老妇人的胸部。A. restricted限制的；B. required必需的；C. expected预期的；D. restored精力恢复的。根据后文“rhythm and force”以及上文提到她开始实施心肺复苏术，所以是以恰当的节奏和力度按压着那位老妇人的胸部。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每进行30次胸部按压后就进行两次人工呼吸。A. anticipated预期；B. stimulated促进；C. inspected检查；D. performed实施，表现。根据后文“two rescue breaths”可知，指她每进行30次胸部按压后就进行两次人工呼吸，此处表示“实施人工呼吸”用动词perform。故选D。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：空气中弥漫着焦虑的气氛，每一位在场的观众的心都提到了嗓子眼儿。A. Ease自在；B. Sympathy同情；C. Anxiety焦虑；D. Sorrow悲伤。根据后文“the hearts of everyone watching were in their throats.”可知，大家都很担心，空气中弥漫着焦虑的气氛，故选C。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她决心要继续。A. determined坚定的；B. committed投入的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“to keep going”以及上文“Emily was soaked in sweat and her arms and legs felt incredibly sore.”可知，尽管疲惫，她决心要继续。故选A。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医护人员赶到时，艾米丽向他们详细说明了她所采取的措施。A. guaranteed保证；B. abandoned抛弃；C. reformed改革；D. adopted采取。根据上文“the measures she had”指艾米丽解释了自己所采取的急救措施。故选D。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这名女子被抬上救护车后，人群中爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声，许多人向艾米丽点头微笑。A. arose出现；B. erupted爆发；C. declined下降；D. faded褪色。根据上文“thunderous applause”指人群爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，故选B。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Department for Education has just held a consultation (磋商) on what should 56 (include) on the school curriculum (课程) for personal, social, health and economic (PSHE) education. First aid is a vital life skill and schools are under increasing pressure 57 (provide) it as a part of the school curriculum. First aid training provides children 58 knowledge of dealing with any medical emergencies. In addition to any first aid training they may have at school, many teenagers are now also choosing to take online and practical courses. CPR, an emergency life-saving procedure 59 (perform) when the heart stops 60 (beat), is just one of the many areas covered in the first aid courses. In the UK over 30,000 cardiac arrests a year occur outside of hospitals, but less than one in ten cardiac arrest 61 (patient) survive to be discharged from hospital. 62 is therefore vital that we equip more people with the skills, ability and confidence to help. In Norway and the USA 63 these skills are routinely taught in schools, the survival rate for cardiac arrests in the community is far 64 (high) than in the UK. For older children and teenagers, a first aid course can really boost their confidence, so they feel 65 (full) prepared should they or their friends need first-line medical help. 【答案】56．be included 57．to provide 58．with 59．performed 60．beating 61．patients 62．It 63．where 64．higher 65．fully 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了对学校学生普及急救教育的重要性。 56．考查被动语态。句意：教育部刚刚就个人、社会、卫生和经济（PSHE）教育的学校课程应包括哪些内容举行了协商。include和what之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，又因为设空前有情态动词should，故填be included。 57．考查固定搭配。句意：急救是一项重要的生活技能，学校正面临越来越大的压力，要求将其作为学校课程的一部分提供给学生。be under pressure to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“在压力之下做某事”，故填to provide。 58．考查介词。句意：急救培训为儿童提供了处理任何医疗紧急情况的知识。provide sb. with sth.意为“提供给某人某物”，故填with。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：心肺复苏术是在心脏停止跳动时进行的一种紧急救生程序，它只是急救课程中涉及的众多领域之一。设空处在句中作后置定语修饰an emergency life‑saving procedure，且perform与an emergency life‑saving procedure之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填performed。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：心肺复苏术是在心脏停止跳动时进行的一种紧急救生程序，它只是急救课程中涉及的众多领域之一。短语stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，故填beating。 61．考查名词复数。句意：在英国，每年有超过3万例心脏骤停发生在医院外，但只有不到十分之一的心脏骤停患者能活到出院。根据设空前的less than one in ten可知，此处表达的是复数意义，设空处应用复数形式，故填patients。 62．考查it的用法。句意：因此，至关重要的是，我们要让更多的人具备提供帮助的技能、能力和信心。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，应用it，首字母大写。故填It。 63．考查定语从句。句意：在挪威和美国，这些技能经常在学校教授，社区心脏骤停的存活率远远高于英国。设空处在句中引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词Norway and the USA，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 64．考查形容词的比较级。句意：在挪威和美国，这些技能经常在学校教授，社区心脏骤停的存活率远远高于英国。根据设空后的than和空前is可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故填higher。 65．考查副词。句意：对于年龄较大的儿童和青少年，急救课程可以真正提高他们的信心，所以当他们或他们的朋友需要第一线的医疗帮助时，他们感到充分准备。设空处在句中作状语，修饰prepared，应用其副词fully，故填fully。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你在周日参加了社区组织的一次急救知识讲座，请你写一篇短文给校英语栏目投稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动内容； 2. 讲述自己的感悟。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Last Sunday, I participated in a lecture about first-aid knowledge organized by our community. The lecture was extremely practical and informative. The instructor vividly explained basic first-aid skills, such as how to perform CPR on those with heart attack and how to handle common injuries like cuts and burns. We also had hands-on practice with first-aid kits under professional guidance. This experience was eye-opening. I realized that first-aid knowledge is not only crucial for saving lives in emergencies but also gives us the confidence to take immediate action. I believe everyone should have such knowledge, and I’m determined to spread it among my classmates. It was truly a rewarding event. 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we were finally dismissed from the last class of the day, the students streamed out of the classrooms. It was another boring day after school. I dragged my feet home as I sighed. Yet another uneventful day, I thought. Little did I know that the day would take a turn for the worse. The lift lobby (电梯间) of my flat was old and dirty. The walls, which were painted white, had been dirtied over many years. I reached my flat’s lobby, and pressed the lift button and went in. Just then, Mrs Lim, my elderly neighbour, hobbled (蹒跚) in. She looked ancient with tissue paper white hair, wearing a faded old-fashioned dress. I held the lift door open, flashing a friendly smile, and politely greeted her. I asked her how she felt that day and pressed the buttons. She thanked me for being so polite, then we were silent for the rest of the ride. The lift fell down increasingly fast. There were loud clanking sounds here and there while the lift grew slower and slower. My heart beat hard and fast as my hands turned cold and wet with sweat. Unfortunately, the lift came to an abrupt stop at the fifth floor. I pressed the buttons hard several times, but it was of no help. The lights on the buttons had gone out. It soon dawned on me that we were trapped. An icy fear crept up my spine. Mrs Lim was hysterical (歇斯底里). Paragraph 1:“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. _________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. ___ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Para 1:“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. I tried my very best to comfort her, telling her that everything would be all right and that we needed to find out how to get out safely. Mrs Lim began having trouble breathing, and I immediately helped her sit down and loosened her collar. “Help!” I screamed at the top of my lungs, trying to get someone’s attention. A wave of despair washed over me. I felt like we could never get out. In one last effort, I tried banging on the doors. The next few minutes felt like hours as we waited in complete silence. Para 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. Help was finally here! The brave firefighters hit the door open using their tools. It felt like a hundred pound weight was lifted off me, and Mrs Lim thanked the heavens that someone had come to our rescue. I made a sigh of relief when the doors were finally opened and all this drama was over. The firefighters praised me for helping Mrs Lim. I returned their praise with gratitude and Mrs Lim thanked me and even gave me a hug. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 6 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How did the woman know about the accident? A．From Paul. B．From Anna. C．From the paper. 2．How many people were safe and sound in the accident? A．103. B．127. C．134. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a beach. B．In a hospital. C．Over the phone. 4．What do we know about Jim? A．He has a leg injury. B．He withdrew from the football team. C．He spent his holiday with his teammates. 5．What is the man trying to do? A．Give first aid. B．Do breathing exercises. C．Relax himself. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．A couple. B．Neighbors. C．Colleagues. 7．When did Mr. Thompson arrive home today? A．At 6:30 p.m. B．At 6:15 p.m. C．At 5:45 p.m. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What happened when the old man crossed the road? A．A car hit him. B．A woman walked to him. C．A man driver made a quick right turn. 9．What did the woman see? A．An old driver. B．A man driver. C．A woman driver. 10．Who took the old man to hospital? A．The policeman . B．The woman. C．The driver. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．She asks the man to give some advice on how to do first aid. B．She asks the man to learn how to do first aid. C．She asks the man to do first did. 12．What should we do if the person isn’t breathing? A．Check if there is food at the back of the mouth. B．Send him or her to the hospital. C．Shake his or her shoulders to wake him or her up. 13．What can we do with a handkerchief according to the man’s speech? A．Open a person’s mouth. B．Start a person’s breath. C．Stop a person’s bleeding. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Doctor and nurse. B．Nurse and patient. C．Doctor and patient. 15．What is the man’s problem? A．He often gets tired. B．He has no appetite. C．He fails to fall a sleep at night. 16．What do we know about the man? A．He is hungry now. B．He dislikes junk food. C．He seldom does sports. 17．What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A．Do exercise every day. B．Get enough sleep. C．Eat right food. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How much in total will be used in earthquake relief? A．£60 million. B．£100 million. C．£160 million. 19．How can people express their willing to help the rescue team? A．By contacting the radio program. B．By calling a charity organization. C．By leaving personal information at a website. 20．What is the main purpose of the talk? A．To forecast the weather of this week. B．To praise sponsors in the disaster relief. C．To update information about the earthquake. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What if I were to tell you that there is a magical place where you can get paid to play and channel your inner child? This is an opportunity to break free from the world of boring day jobs. Trust me, the grass is greener on the other side and I’m handing you an open invitation to come see for yourself! Join us, as a summer camp counselor (辅导员)! Duties Typically, your campers’ ages will range between 7 and 17 years old. Your role would be to lead and supervise children in both recreational and educational activities within a residential area. Your duties include providing children with emotional support in things like newly introduced skill sets, conflicts with other campers, and potential separation anxiety from home. Your main objective would be to guarantee (确保) that every participant is safe. Salary A summer camp counselor’s hourly pay is on average $10. The weekly average pay is $420. Junior level pay is about $320 a week. Senior level pay is roughly $560 a week. If you have no related experience then you will start as an assistant for at least 4 weeks and get a quarter of the junior level salary. Qualifications You have to be 18 or older and have graduated from high school. It is encouraged but not required to have certificates in lifeguarding. Training in first aid is ideal. It is also preferred that you have had exposure to some sort of childcare in the past. Your days as a camp counselor will be very rewarding! 21．What is a counselor’s main duty? A．Easing anxiety. B．Ensuring safety. C．Solving conflicts. D．Introducing skills. 22．How much can an assistant earn in the first 4 weeks? A．$320. B．$420. C．$560. D．$1,280. 23．Which is a must for an applicant? A．First aid training. B．Experience in childcare. C．A high school certificate. D．Qualifications in lifeguarding. B Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do? On Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude. As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled. On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible. The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged (轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What if I flip (翻)?” With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own way back. “I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. 24．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The pilot. B．The kayak. C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft. 25．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001? A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos. C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured. 26．Which of the following best describes Gelinne? A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated. C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless. 27．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph? A．He dialed 911 immediately. B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice. C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries. D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely. C The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will provide help for a person in need. People tend to act in an emergency when there are few or no other people present. About six decades ago, researchers connected the bystander effect with two factors: the diffusion of responsibility and social influence. The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. Social influence means that individuals observe the behavior of those around them to decide how to respond. Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored. One way to address the bystander effect is to behave as if one is the first or only person to see a problem. Often, when one person makes a move, even if just to shout “Hey, what’s going on?”, others may be encouraged to help people in trouble as well. That is to say, an active bystander is most effective when they assume that they themselves are the only person taking charge. It is also important for individuals to develop moral virtues. Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). Worry less about the consequences (后果) of giving a helping hand and think more about the example you are setting for future generations. If you are the affected person, pick out one person in the crowd and make eye contact. People’ s natural drive to be kind and helpful may make it hard for them to reject your request for help. 28．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph? A．By giving a definition. B．By providing an example. C．By making comparisons. D．By listing numbers. 29．What does the underlined word “diffusion” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Absence. B．Difference. C．Spread. D．Increase. 30．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Emotions shown by victims in dangerous situations. B．The harm bystanders may suffer after taking action. C．The bystander effect’s negative impacts on victims. D．Possible changes of passive bystanders in emergent situations. 31．What is advised to do to reduce the bystander effect? A．Try to learn some first-aid skills. B．Make eye contact with the victims. C．Consider the consequences before acting. D．Approach issues from others’ standpoint. D A team of researchers from the United States and Switzerland have reported the discovery of a previously unknown compound (化合物) in chloraminated drinking water, which is drunk by more than 113 million people in the United States. Inorganic chloramines are commonly used to disinfect (消毒) drinking water to safeguard public health from diseases. The researchers have now identified the compound called chloronitramide anion as an end product of inorganic chloramine decomposition. While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk. Julian Fairey, the first co-author of the paper published in Science, noted that researchers had known about the new compound for decades but had been unable to identify it. He himself began trying to uncover the mystery 10 years ago. “It’s a very stable chemical with a low molecular weight,” Fairey said. “It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was.” Definitely, there will be questions about the health risks posed by this new compound, which could not be previously evaluated in any toxicity studies. Fairey explained, “It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. A major goal of our work is to identify these chemicals and the reaction pathways through which they form.” Whether chloronitramide anion is linked to any cancer or other health risks will be assessed in future work by academics and regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. At the very least, toxicity studies can now be started on this compound thanks to this discovery. “Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.” 32．What can be known about the new compound from the first two paragraphs? A．Whether it is toxic or not remains unknown. B．It has little in common with other compounds. C．It rarely exists in chloraminated drinking water. D．Millions of Americans are being threatened by it. 33．What did Fairey say about studying the new compound in paragraph 3? A．It was quite challenging. B．He started it just recently. C．Most researchers opposed it. D．It was finished ten years ago. 34．Why is it necessary to study the chemicals in chloraminated drinking water? A．They make drinking water less tasty. B．They may be harmful to human health. C．They are used to measure water quality. D．They generate something against cancer. 35．Which of the following shows Fairey’s opinion? A．Toxicity studies can’t be carried out currently. B．It is not difficult to identify various compounds. C．Chloronitramide anion gives rise to health risks. D．The identification of the new compound is valuable. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. 36 They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age. 37 . We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. 38 . In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it’s the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That’s why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. 39 It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient’s condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. 40 A．Developed countries witness a greater death rate B．But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours C．The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid D．Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis E．The first few minutes is the most critical in the case of a medical emergency F．That’s why it’s a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for G．However, if you can employ the basic first aid skills, it can relieve the damage 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was an ordinary Saturday morning. The sun was peeking through the clouds, 41 a warm glow over the park. Emily was running in the park. Suddenly, there was some 42 not far away. Emily looked in that direction and saw a crowd gathering, looking 43 . She ran over to see what had happened. There was an old woman lying on the ground, her face pale as a sheet and her lips 44 purple and quivering. Beside her, another old woman 45 anxiously, “She’s having a heart attack!” Everyone around looked troubled. Some were 46 an ambulance, but no one knew how to help the old woman before the ambulance arrived. Taking a deep 47 , Emily stepped forward and said, “I’ve learned CPR. Let me have a try.” She knelt down on the solid ground beside the old woman and checked her 48 . Then, she crossed her palms (手掌), 49 her arms and started doing CPR. Counting in her mind, she pressed the old woman’s chest with the 50 rhythm and force. She 51 two rescue breaths after every 30 chest compressions (按压). 52 hung in the air, and the hearts of everyone watching were in their throats. Emily was soaked in sweat and her arms and legs felt incredibly sore. However, she was 53 to keep going. When the medical staff arrived, Emily explained to them the measures she had 54 . They checked the old woman and said she was out of danger. After the woman was lifted into the ambulance, thunderous applause 55 among the crowd, with many people nodding and smiling at Emily. 41．A．absorbing B．dominating C．releasing D．casting 42．A．fear B．noise C．echo D．whisper 43．A．embarrassed B．depressed C．panicked D．disappointed 44．A．slightly B．desperately C．frequently D．precisely 45．A．interrupted B．waited C．complained D．screamed 46．A．deciding on B．giving off C．calling for D．submitting to 47．A．breath B．skip C．mood D．sigh 48．A．comprehension B．motive C．Condition D．endurance 49．A．grabbed B．straightened C．extended D．waved 50．A．restricted B．required C．expected D．restored 51．A．anticipated B．stimulated C．inspected D．performed 52．A．Ease B．Sympathy C．Anxiety D．Sorrow 53．A．determined B．committed C．enthusiastic D．sensitive 54．A．guaranteed B．abandoned C．reformed D．adopted 55．A．arose B．erupted C．declined D．faded 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Department for Education has just held a consultation (磋商) on what should 56 (include) on the school curriculum (课程) for personal, social, health and economic (PSHE) education. First aid is a vital life skill and schools are under increasing pressure 57 (provide) it as a part of the school curriculum. First aid training provides children 58 knowledge of dealing with any medical emergencies. In addition to any first aid training they may have at school, many teenagers are now also choosing to take online and practical courses. CPR, an emergency life-saving procedure 59 (perform) when the heart stops 60 (beat), is just one of the many areas covered in the first aid courses. In the UK over 30,000 cardiac arrests a year occur outside of hospitals, but less than one in ten cardiac arrest 61 (patient) survive to be discharged from hospital. 62 is therefore vital that we equip more people with the skills, ability and confidence to help. In Norway and the USA 63 these skills are routinely taught in schools, the survival rate for cardiac arrests in the community is far 64 (high) than in the UK. For older children and teenagers, a first aid course can really boost their confidence, so they feel 65 (full) prepared should they or their friends need first-line medical help. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你在周日参加了社区组织的一次急救知识讲座，请你写一篇短文给校英语栏目投稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动内容； 2. 讲述自己的感悟。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we were finally dismissed from the last class of the day, the students streamed out of the classrooms. It was another boring day after school. I dragged my feet home as I sighed. Yet another uneventful day, I thought. Little did I know that the day would take a turn for the worse. The lift lobby (电梯间) of my flat was old and dirty. The walls, which were painted white, had been dirtied over many years. I reached my flat’s lobby, and pressed the lift button and went in. Just then, Mrs Lim, my elderly neighbour, hobbled (蹒跚) in. She looked ancient with tissue paper white hair, wearing a faded old-fashioned dress. I held the lift door open, flashing a friendly smile, and politely greeted her. I asked her how she felt that day and pressed the buttons. She thanked me for being so polite, then we were silent for the rest of the ride. The lift fell down increasingly fast. There were loud clanking sounds here and there while the lift grew slower and slower. My heart beat hard and fast as my hands turned cold and wet with sweat. Unfortunately, the lift came to an abrupt stop at the fifth floor. I pressed the buttons hard several times, but it was of no help. The lights on the buttons had gone out. It soon dawned on me that we were trapped. An icy fear crept up my spine. Mrs Lim was hysterical (歇斯底里). Paragraph 1:“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. _________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. ___ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 12 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $