专题08：感叹句、祈使句、疑问句、反义疑问句及其它（核心语法）-2026 年中考英语总复习核心考点与题型突破（上海专用）

专题08 感叹句、祈使句、疑问句、反义疑问句及其它（核心考点精讲精练） 复习目标 特殊句式是中考考向之一，考查范围是感叹句、there be句型、 祈使句、陈述句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句及其它，也是同学们很容易混淆的知识点。考题以单项选择和句子改写的形式出现。 感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）： 用于表达强烈喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。 以What或How开头，后接形容词或副词（如：What a beautiful day! 或 How quickly he runs!）。 祈使句（Imperative Sentences）： 用于发出命令、请求或建议。 通常省略主语，动词原形开头。 可以是肯定形式（如：Sit down.）或否定形式（如：Do not run.）。 特殊疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）： 用于询问特定信息。 以特殊疑问词开头（如：What, When, Where, Who, Why, How）。 结构为特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（如：What time does the train leave?）。 反意疑问句（Tag Questions）： 用于确认信息或征求对方意见。 结构为陈述句+简短疑问句。 肯定陈述句后跟否定疑问句（如：It's raining, isn't it?）；否定陈述句后跟肯定疑问句（如：He isn't coming, is he?）。 一般疑问句（Yes/No Questions）： 用于提出问题，期待肯定或否定的回答。 通过将助动词、情态动词或be动词提前至句首构成（如：Do you like English?）。 陈述句（Declarative Sentences）： 用于陈述事实或观点。 结构通常为主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）。 可以是肯定句（如：She is a student.）或否定句（如：She is not a student.）。 条件句（Conditional Sentences）： 用于表达条件和结果的关系。 真实条件句：if + 现在时，主句用将来时（如：If it rains, we will stay home.）。 非真实条件句：if + 过去时，主句用would + 动词原形（如：If I had time, I would visit you.）。 比较句（Comparative Sentences）： 用于比较两个或多个事物。 比较级：形容词或副词+er（如：She is taller than him.）。 最高级：the + 形容词或副词+est（如：This is the most difficult question.） 【思维导图】 考点概览 （一） 感叹句 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 A. What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它； B. What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它； C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它； 1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are! 2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is! 3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are! 4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today! 5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is! 6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are! 7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance! 8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought! 9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances! 10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you! 11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice! （二）其它各种句式 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it 注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't 注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。   例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 考题透视 Part1：感叹句 考向一、what引导的感叹句 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。例如：What a lovely boy he is! ►考向二、how引导的感叹句 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 "how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！ 如：① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! ② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! ③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! ④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! ⑤ How hard they are working now! ►考向三、句型改写 （陈述句改感叹句） 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法： 1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。 She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。 He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。 2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。 She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl. He works ‖ (how) hard 3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。 What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【真题链接】 1.（2023·上海·统考中考真题）________fine day today! Why not go hiking? -Good idea! A) What an B) How C) What a D) What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天天气多好啊！为什么不去徒步旅行呢？ 考查感叹句。本句中心词是 day，是可数名词单数，且 fine 是以辅音音素开头的单词，其感叹句结构为 “What + a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！”，所以此处应用 What a。故选 C。 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）_______ exciting singing contest they had yesterday! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们昨天举行了多么令人兴奋的歌唱比赛啊！ 考查感叹句。本句中心词为contest，是可数名词单数，符合结构“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！”。故选C。 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）________ amazing the film Hi, Mom is! Mother’s love always touches my heart. A．How an B．How C．What an D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《你好，李焕英》这部电影真棒！母亲的爱总是触动我的心。 考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词为形容词“amazing”，此处为how引导的感叹句，结构为：“How+adj.+主谓!”。故选B。 4．（2019·上海·中考真题） beautifully little Simon dances in front of the camera! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小西蒙在镜头前跳舞跳的多美啊！ 这里是感叹句，beautifully是副词，感叹副词用how来感叹，其结构是How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。根据题意，故选C。 【点睛】由how引导的感叹句：How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它。例如：How tall the boy is! 本题考查what引导的感叹句。 5．（2018·上海·中考真题）The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊！感叹句一般有两种结构：What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词invention为可数名词单数形式，应该用what来引导，smart以辅音音素开头，前面应该用不定冠词a，故答案为B。 点睛：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；再次，加词。若是名词（词组），那么本句由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。 6．（2016·上海·中考真题） wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾玛在联合国会议的演讲多么精彩啊！ 考查感叹句。句中wonderful为形容词，并且首音素/w/为辅音音素，speech为可数名词，故前面应用不定冠词a，主语为Emma，谓语为gave，at the UN conference状语，所以应用What+a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它，答选C。 7．（2015·上海·中考真题）______ important it is for kids to imagine freely ! A．what B．what a C．what an D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对于孩子们自由的想象是多么的重要呀！感叹句一般有两种结构：what +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an.how+形容词+主语+谓语！根据该句是对形容词进行感叹，故选D。 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The robot can help me sweep the floor. smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】感叹句主要有what和how构成： 1、what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1. What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！ 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 2、How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！ 根据smart invention it is可知选B。 9．（2012·上海·中考真题）______ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们在城市广场上演的音乐会真精彩！wonderful是一个形容词，用what ， 用a 不是an，答案选C。 Part2：其它句式 一、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句 1.特殊疑问句 用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。回答时不能使用yes或no。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。 what 疑问词小结： what class 哪个班 what grade 哪个年级 what day 星期几 what time 几点 what color 什么颜色 what language什么语言 how 疑问词小结： how long多长时间（提问时间段） how often多久一次（对频率提问） how soon多久以后（对in短语提问） how many多少（提问可数名词数量） how much多少（提问不可数名词数量，也可提问价格） how far多远（提问距离） how heavy多重 how wide多宽 how tall/high多高 how old多大（提问年龄） 其他以“w”开头的疑问词小结： when什么时候； where哪里； which哪一个； who谁 whose谁的； why为什么 2.选择疑问句 提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句中的两种或种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能使用yes或no,而要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式。选择疑问句可以分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句两种。 (1)一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择音分？如： -Do you like apples or pears?你喜欢苹果还是梨？ -I like pears.我喜欢梨。 (2)特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句，A or B?如： -Which would you like better,tea or coffee? -I like coffee better. ——你比较喜欢哪种，茶还是咖啡？ ——我更喜欢咖啡。 二、反意疑问句 反意疑问句是附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问的句子。反意疑问部分要与前面的陈述部分用逗号隔开，句末用问号。如果陈述部分是肯定结构，反意疑问部分就用否定结构，反之亦然。此问句可用yes或no来回答。反意疑问部分的主语要用代词，并与陈述部分主语一致，谓语动词在人称、数和时态上也要与陈述部分一致。 注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即： 陈述句 + 逗号 + 省略问句 + 问号 You are from America, aren’t you? 注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则 Jim isn’t in Class Four, is he? 注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同 MrZhang has been here for four years, hasn’t he? 注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记） 三、-祈使句 祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型： 1.行为动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。 2. Be动词＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如： Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。 3. Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧 祈使句的否定句式 祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下三种类型： 1.在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Don’t say that again!别再那样说了！ 2.在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成Don’t be＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如：Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。 3.在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用No＋名词/V-ing形式结构，表示禁止做某事。例如： NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照！ 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是形式一致，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。二是意思相反，即Yes是不的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。 　--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 　　请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 　　---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 　　不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 ►考向一、祈使句、陈述句（肯定句+否定句） 1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动，你就会保持健康。 考查连词。and表并列或递进，和；or否则，或者；but但是；for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知，此处用and表递进关系。故选A。 2．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，过来帮我把行李搬到楼上，好吗？——好的。 考查祈使句。come原形；came过去式；coming动名词；to come动词不定式；根据句子结构，可知省略了主语，是祈使句，用动词原形；故选A。 3．（2018·上海·中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头，故答案为B。 4．（2014·上海·中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小心开，米歇尔！前面有所学校。英语祈使句中谓语动词一般用原形，故选A。 5．（2015·上海·中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在上交考试卷之前，再次检查你的试卷。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，如果你的语气比较客气，或者出于礼貌，可以在动词原形前面加please。go over,检查。结合句意，可知是比较有礼貌的提醒，故选C。 6．（2015·上海·中考真题） Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：把参考书放到一边，否则你将不能独立思考。A. or 否则，或者；B. and 并且；并列连词；C.so 所以，结果状语从句；D.but但是，转折状语从句。“祈使句+or +陈述句”，表示 “……，否则，……”。根据句式及句意，故选A。 7．（2011·上海·中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：仔细考试，否则你得不到满分。 考查并列连词的用法。 句型“祈使句，+or+一般将来时的陈述句”，祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设关系；句型“祈使句，+and+一般将来时的陈述句” 祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的顺承假设关系；本句是相反的结果，故选B。 ►考向二、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句 1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——教室的角落里有一把伞。它是谁的？——也许是玛丽的。 考查特殊疑问句。Whose谁的；Who谁；When什么时候；Why为什么。根据答句“Perhaps it’s Mary’s”可知，此处在问物品的归属，故应用特殊疑问词whose。故选A。 2．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——第十届中国花卉博览会在崇明举行。 它持续多长时间？——大约40天。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据“About 40 days”可知，此处对时间段提问，因此用疑问词how long，故选A。 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁负责夏季音乐会？——杰西。她很有经验。 考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么；Who谁。根据Jessie"杰西"可知，对人提问用Who"谁"。故选D。 5．（2016·上海·中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国有多少家Diaey 游乐园？——两家。根据Two可知此处对数量提问，故用how many，故选A。 点睛：how many多少，对数量提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问。 6．（2017·上海·中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：屠呦呦教授从来也没有停止对中药的研究，是吗？这是一个反义疑问句。在反义疑问句中，当陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用否定式；反之，则用肯定式。由句中的never可知，前半部分陈述是否定意义，后面的反义问句应该用肯定式，不能出现not，可排除C/D。同时，屠呦呦是单数人称，stop是实意动词，所以助动词用does，可排除A。故选B。 7．（2012·上海·中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么数以百万计的网民访问政府主页？ ——阅读新闻，寻找他们需要的信息。考查疑问词，由答句的to表目的可知问为什么，应该用why，所以选C。 8．（2013·上海·中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：你加入这个运动俱乐部多久了？——自从我来到这个学校的第一个月。How old多大；How long 多长；How much 多少钱；How soon 多久一次。根据下文答语可知上文问的是时间长短，故答案选B。 考点：考查疑问词辨析。 9．（2011·上海·中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查点：反义疑问句的用法。 解题思路：该句时态为现在完成时，句中有否定词never，根据“前否后肯”原则，正确答案选A。 10．（2011·上海·中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 【答案】D 【详解】考查点：选择疑问句的用法。 解题思路：此处or意为“或者”，是一个选择疑问句，句意为“—这件红衬衫和这件蓝衬衫，你更喜欢哪一件？—我更喜欢那件红色的。”故答案选D。 11．（2015·上海·中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：结合答语“Peter’s”可推断问句应表示“昨天谁的爸爸参加了社区里的慈善活动”，故所缺的特殊疑问词是whose。 考向三：倒装句及其它特殊句式 1．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这支笔虽然不贵，但很好写。——让我试试。的确如此。 考查“So+主语+助动词”句型。So+主语+助动词，表示“的确，确实”；so+助动词+主语，表示“也”。根据“Let me have a try.”可知我尝试过后，认为对方说的对，故表示“的确是”；上句的谓语writes，故此处代指这个动词用do的各种形式，主语it是第三人称单数，用助动词does，故为So it does。故选C。 2．（2017·上海长宁·统考二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software． ________ A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I． 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何使用最新的软件。  ——我也不知道。 "So+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"这一结构主要用来说明前者所说的情况也适应后者，意为"…也一样"根据题干，在这个结构中的助动词要根据前者的情况保持一致；其否定结构构成是"Nor/Neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"，"表示…也不"；对于助动词、情态动词和be动词的用法，应根据前句使用的词加以选择，与前句的词保持一致。根据前句的 don't 这里是否定形式，所以后面应该用肯定形式，这里用neither；故选C。 3．（2017·上海青浦·统考二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________. A．So do I   . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎样使用这个最新的软件。——我也不知道。 So do I.我也是。表示倒装，只能用于肯定句；So am I.我也是。Neither do I.我也不；Neither am I.我也不是。根据I don’t know how to use….可知，这是一个否定句，故排除A和B；know是实意动词，应用助动词do，故选C。 4．（2019·上海·校联考模拟预测）Taiwan Island is part of China. _____ the South China Sea Islands. A．So are B．So do C．Neither are D．Neither do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：台湾岛是中国的一部分。南海诸岛也一样（是中国的一部分）。 考查倒装句。倒装句“So +助动词+主语”表前面所述的情况也适合后者，意为“……也”；“Neither +助动词+主语”，表前面所述的情况也一样不适合后者，表否定意义，意为“……也不”；根据常识台湾和南海诸岛都是中国的一部分，根据Taiwan Island is part of China.判断空格的助动词是be动词；the South China Sea Islands是复数形式，be动词的形式用are，故选A。 5．（2014·上海浦东新·统考二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin. A．Neither is B．Neither has C．So is D．So has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以前怀特先生从来没去过台湾岛，林女士也是。So do I的用法，该结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，“……也一样”。该结构中的助动词do 根据前文的情况也可换成is, am, are, was, were, does, did, can, could 等，但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so).前句中的’s是has的缩写。结合句意，故选B。 ►考向四、完成句子及句型改写 1．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）My deskmate borrowed some books from the library at noon. （改为否定句） My deskmate    any books from the library at noon. 【答案】 didn’t borrow 【详解】句意：我的同桌中午从图书馆借了一些书。由“borrowed”可知，时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的否定句结构为：主语+didn’t+动词原形。故填didn’t；borrow。 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new robots help passengers with their luggage at this airport. （改为一般疑问句） the new robots passengers with their luggage at this airport? 【答案】 Do help 【详解】句意：这些新机器人在机场帮助乘客搬运行李。原句是含有实义动词help的一般现在时，变疑问句需借助于助动词do，后跟动词原形help。故填Do；help。 3．（2016·上海·中考真题）George wants to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors. （改为一般疑问句） George to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors? 【答案】 Does want 【详解】句意：乔治想在外滩给外国游客当导游。 原句是含有实义动词wants的一般现在时，变成一般疑问句也需用一般现在时， 结构为：助动词+ 主语+ 动词原形+其他？因为wants为实义动词，主语为第三人称单数，因此需用助动词does，主语后的动词为原形want。故填Does；want。 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The middle school boy can tell traditional Chinese stories in English． （改为一般疑问句） the middle school boy traditional Chinese stories in English？ 【答案】 Can tell 【详解】句意：——这个中学生能用英语讲中国传统故事。——这个中学生能用英语讲中国传统故事吗？ 考查一般疑问句。含有情态动词can的句子变一般疑问句时，只需把can提至句首，谓语动词用原形tell（讲述）。故答案为：Can，tell。 【点睛】陈述句变一般疑问句时，要考虑助动词、be动词、情态动词等的用法，还要考虑时态、人称、固定用法等。 5．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）It is about 20 kilometres from our school to the National Forest Park.（对划线部分提问） is it from our school to the National Forest Park? 【答案】 How far 【详解】句意：从我们学校到国家森林公园的距离大约是20公里。题目要求对划线部分进行提问，划线部分为“20 kilometres”，对距离进行提问应用“how far”，且位于句首how首字母应大写。故填How；far。 6．（2016·上海·中考真题）The Chinese graduate became a star because of his speech at Harvard.(对划线部分提问) the Chinese graduate become a star? 【答案】 Why did 【详解】句意：这个留学生因为他在哈佛的演讲而成了一个明星。划线部分是“because of his speech at Harvard”表示原因，对原因提问要用why；再根据原句的动词“became”可知，时态为一般过去时，变一般疑问句要借助助动词did。故填Why；did。 7．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The government has spent 10 million yuan improving the water quality. （对划线部分提问） has the government spent improving the water quality? 【答案】 How much 【详解】句意：政府已花费1000万元改善水质。划线部分“10 million yuan”表示金钱数额，此处问花了多少钱要用how much提问，放句首首字母要大写。故填How；much。 8．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Lee has helped the local people sell their products since he returned to his hometown.（对划线部分提问） has Lee helped the local people sell their products? 【答案】How long 【详解】句意：自从李回到家乡后，他一直帮助当地人销售他们的产品。画线部分since he returned to his hometown表示一段时间，疑问词用how long；空格在句首，首字母大写；故填How long。 好题新题特训 一、单项选择 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）________ interesting it was to hear her story! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：听她的故事多有趣啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句中心词interesting是形容词，此处用“How+形容词+主谓+其他”结构。故选A。 2．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）________ terrible mess the dog made when it was alone at home. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当狗独自在家时，它弄得一团糟。 考查感叹句用法。What修饰名词；How修饰形容词或副词。此处“mess”（混乱）是可数名词单数，且“terrible”以辅音音素开头，需用“What a”构成感叹句结构。正确形式为“What a terrible mess”。故选B。 3．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上他从手机上收到的消息多么有用啊！ 考查感叹句用法。此句为感叹句，中心词为可数名词单数的“message”，符合结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”的感叹句。“useful”为以辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。空处需填What a。故选D。 4．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）________ exciting news it is that China’s Chang’e-6 successfully landed on the far side of the moon! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国嫦娥六号成功登陆月球背面，这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词news，用感叹句结构：what adj.+n.+主谓。故选A。 5．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ hot and dry weather it is in Shanghai this summer! A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今年夏天上海天气又热又干！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为不可数名词“weather”，应用what引导感叹句，结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。故选B。 6．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期末）______ fresh and clean air the mountain gives hikers every morning! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这座山每天早晨为徒步旅行者提供多么清新干净的空气啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句在英语中常用来表达强烈的情感，比如惊讶、喜悦等。感叹句有两种基本类型：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！和How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！在这个句子中，“fresh and clean air”是名词短语，所以要用“What”引导感叹句。 因为“air”是不可数名词，所以不需要用“a”或“an”。故选A。 7．（24-25九年级下·上海普陀·阶段练习）Oh, what a responsible teacher ________! We all admire him. A．he is B．is he C．he does D．does he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：哦，他是一个多么负责任的老师啊！我们都钦佩他。 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处为 “what a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!” 结构的感叹句，且谓语用be动词，构成系表结构，指他是一个负责任的老师。故选A。 8．（2025·上海虹口·三模）Look outside. ______ fine day! The sun is shining and there are no clouds. A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看外面，多好的天气啊！阳光灿烂，万里无云。 考查感叹句。感叹句句型有“How+形容词/副词+主谓”或“What+名词短语+主谓”。fine day是单数名词短语，故填What a，构成“What+a+形容词+名词”结构，故选D。 9．（2025·上海金山·三模）— ________ honest boy you are ! —Thank you! A．What an B．What a C．How D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你是多么诚实的一个男孩啊！——谢谢你！ 考查感叹句。根据“...honest boy you are”可知，本句符合“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓”的感叹句结构，结合honest为元音音素开头的单词，所以不定冠词用an。故选A。 10．（2025·上海闵行·三模）________ hard work Linda has put into this project! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达在这个项目中付出了多么努力的工作啊！ 考查感叹句。此处强调的中心词是不可数名词work，用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”句型，故选A。 11．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）________ terrible weather! I hope it clears up soon. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多糟糕的天气啊！希望很快放晴。 考查感叹句用法。根据“...terrible weather”可知，此句是“What+形容词+不可数名词！”的感叹句，故选A。 12．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）________ Mary’s fingers move across the piano keys—it’s like watching a professional concert! A．How fluent B．How fluently C．What fluent D．What fluently 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Mary的手指在钢琴键上移动得多么流畅啊——就像在看一场专业音乐会！ 考查感叹句。感叹句句型有 “What+名词短语+主谓!”和“How+形容词/副词+主谓!”。修饰动作“move across the piano keys”用副词fluently，用how修饰副词fluently。故选B。 13．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）________ cool the robot dance performance was at this year’s Spring Festival Gala! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今年春节联欢晚会上的机器人舞蹈表演多酷啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。分析句子可知，句子是感叹句，空格后的“cool”是形容词，直接修饰主语“the robot dance performance ”，符合“How +形容词+主语+谓语”的结构。故选C。 14．（2025·上海崇明·二模）________ generous the scientist is to give so much to the charity! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家多么慷慨啊，为慈善事业捐赠了这么多！ 考查感叹句。generous“慷慨的”是形容词，且后面直接跟主语“the scientist”，符合“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构。故选D。 15．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）________ confident the little girl was when playing the piano for the first time! A．What B．How C．What an D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小女孩第一次弹钢琴时是多么自信啊！ 考查感叹句的引导词。感叹句结构分为两种：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语；What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语。分析句子可知，空后是形容词confident，应用how修饰，符合感叹句结构：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语，故选 B。 16．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Du Fu showed his care to farmers in Happy Rain on a Spring Night. ________ beautiful the poem is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杜甫在《春夜喜雨》中表达了对农民的关怀。这首诗多美啊！ 考查感叹句。中心词“beautiful”为形容词，符合“how+形容词+主谓！”的感叹句结构。故选A。 17．（2025·上海闵行·二模）________ enjoyable project it is to build mini robots from recycled materials! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：用回收材料制造迷你机器人是一个多么有趣的项目啊！ 考查感叹句。此句为感叹句，中心词project是单数名词，用感叹结构：what+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语，enjoyable是以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选D。 18．（2025·上海宝山·二模）________ useful piece of advice Peter has offered to us about how to keep fit! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：关于如何保持健康，彼得给了我们一条多么有用的建议啊！ 考查感叹句。a piece of advice“一条建议”，useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用What a引导感叹句。故选C。 19．（2025·上海长宁·二模）________ great fun it is for the students to take part in different kinds of activities! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们参加各种各样的活动是多么有趣啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。根据“… great fun it is for the students to take part in different kinds of activities!”可知，中心词fun“乐趣”为不可数名词，符合“What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”的结构，所以用“What”引导感叹句。故选A。 20．（2025·上海静安·二模）________ useful learning method it is to practice regularly! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：定期练习是多么有用的学习方法啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个感叹句。符合感叹句的基本结构有：What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词是可数名词单数method，且useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以此处应使用What a来引导感叹句。故选B。 21．（2025·上海金山·二模）________ good time Jenny had during her stay in China! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：珍妮在中国逗留期间过得多么愉快啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为名词“time”，用what引导感叹句，have a good time“玩得开心”，是固定搭配。故选B。 22．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Our school debate team has won the national championship. ______ great news it is! A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校的辩论队赢得了全国冠军。这是多么好的消息啊！ 考查what引导的感叹句。分析句子可知，该感叹句中心词为news，应用what引导，且news为不可数名词，故该感叹句结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”。故选D。 23．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）________ fun we had at the beach yesterday! We can’t wait to go back! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我们在海滩玩得多开心啊！我们都等不及想再去了！ 考查感叹句。根据“fun we had at the beach yesterday”可知，设空处后的中心词是fun，且是不可数名词，符合的结构为“what+不可数名词+主谓”的结构。故选C。 24．（2025九年级上·上海·专题练习）Since Damin is strong enough to control his raft in the river, he ________ any help. A．doesn’t need B．doesn’t need to C．needs to D．needs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：由于大民足够强壮，在河里他可以控制他的木筏，他不需要任何帮助。 考查need的用法和否定句。根据“Since Damin is strong enough to control his raft in the river”可知，他不需要任何帮助。need此处为实义动词，后接名词，否定用doesn’t need。故选A。 25．（2025·上海宝山·二模）We ________ any drink. You’d better buy some fruit and vegetables at the supermarket. A．needn’t B．don’t need to C．don’t need D．not need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们不需要任何饮料了。你最好在超市买一些水果和蔬菜。 考查动词辨析。need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作实义动词时，后接名词、代词或不定式，否定形式要借助助动词don’t/doesn’t等，根据“We... any drink.”中，need后接名词drink，说明need在这里是实义动词，其否定形式要借助助动词don’t，即don’t need，故选C。 26．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines. A．don’t need to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．need to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们不需要放弃生产汽车，但我们应该发明更好、更清洁的发动机。 考查need的用法。don’t need to不必要去做，后接动词原形；needn’t to错误表达，needn’t是情态动词，后接动词原形，排除B；don’t need后接动词不定式“to do”，排除C；need to需要做某事，后接动词原形。根据“We … give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines.”可知，此处是指不需要放弃生产汽车，应用“don’t need to give up…”，排除D。故选A。 27．（23-24九年级上·上海·阶段练习）You’d better not tell lies to the detectives, ________? A．hadn’t you B．had you C．did you D．would you 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好不要对侦探撒谎，好吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据“You’d better not tell lies to the detectives”可知，本句是含有had better否定形式的反意疑问句，遵循“前否后肯”原则，附加疑问句的形式为“had+主语”。故选B。 28．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期末）This old bicycle hardly breaks down on short trips in the park, ______? A．does it B．has it C．is it D．will it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这辆旧自行车在公园短途旅行中几乎不抛锚，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据“This old bicycle hardly breaks down on short trips in the park, …?”可知，陈述部分含否定词hardly，表否定意义，因此疑问部分需用肯定形式；谓语动词是实义动词，时态是一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，需借助助动词does构成疑问部分。故选A。 29．（2025·上海虹口·三模）—______did the online meeting last yesterday? —For nearly three hours. We discussed the new project in detail. A．What time B．How soon C．How often D．How long 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天的线上会议持续了多久？——将近三个小时。我们详细讨论了新项目。 考查特殊疑问句。What time几点钟；How soon多久；How often多久一次；How long多长。根据“For nearly three hours.”可知，答句表示时间段，用How long提问。故选D。 30．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）—________ is the school system like in your country? —In my country, students attend school for 12 years before university. A．How B．How long C．Why D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你们国家的学校制度是怎样的？——在我国，学生上大学之前要上12年学。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎样，询问方式；How long多长时间，询问时长；Why为什么，询问原因；What什么，询问具体内容。根据答语“In my country, students attend school for 12 years before university.”可知，回答描述了学制时长（12年），对应询问“制度内容”而非方式、时长或原因。故选D。 31．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）—A nice day! ________ did you run this morning? —Around 5 kilometers, feeling great! A．How far B．How long C．How much D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——美好的一天！你今天早上跑了多远？——大约5公里，感觉很棒！ 考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How long多长；How much多少，多少钱；How often多久一次。根据“Around 5 kilometers”可知，设空处是询问距离。故选A。 32．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）—________ will the new software update be available for download? —Next Monday. A．How long B．When C．How far D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意：新的软件更新什么时候可以下载？——下周一。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；when什么时候；how far多远；how soon多久之后。根据回答“Next Monday.”可知此处询问时间点，应用疑问词when。故选B。 33．（2025·上海长宁·二模）—________ father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday? —John’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——昨天谁的父亲参加了社区的慈善活动？——约翰的（父亲）。 考查疑问词。whose谁的；what什么；which哪一个；who谁。根据“John’s”是名词所有格，可知此处是问“谁的父亲”。故选A。 34．（2025·上海崇明·二模）— ________ can the pizza be delivered? I’m really hungry. — The app says it’ll arrive in 20 minutes. A．How soon B．How much C．How long D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——披萨多久能送到？我真的很饿。——软件上说20分钟后送到。 考查疑问词辨析。How soon多久，询问将来时间；How much多少，询问数量或价格；How long多长时间，询问持续时间；How often多久一次，询问频率。根据“in 20 minutes”可知，此处询问将来时间，用How soon符合语境。故选A。 35．（2025·上海闵行·二模）—________ is a 5-day trip to Hong Kong? —I guess it’s about 4,000 yuan. A．How soon B．How far C．How much D．How long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——去香港的五日游需要多少钱呀？  ——我猜大约4000元。 考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。how soon多久以后；how far多远；how much多少钱，多少 (提问不可数名词的量)；how long多长，多久。根据“it’s about 4,000 yuan”可知，回答的是花费的钱数，应用“how much”提问。故选C。 36．（2025·上海静安·二模）— ________ will we reach the Movie Park? — In about 30 minutes. A．How fast B．How far C．How soon D．How long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们多久以后能到达电影公园？——大约30分钟后。 考查特殊疑问句。How fast多快；How far多远；How soon多久以后；How long多长时间，多长。根据答语“In about 30 minutes.”可知，此处询问多久以后到，用How soon提问。故选C。 37．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Always keep in mind that teamwork is essential for success, ________? A．is it B．will you C．shall we D．are there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：永远记住团队合作是成功的关键，好吗？ 考查反意疑问句。分析句子可知，陈述部分是主从复合句，附加问句一般与主句一致，主句“Always keep in mind”为肯定的祈使句，附加问句一般用will you或won’t you。故选B。 38．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Tim, you haven’t had a holiday with us before, ________? A．have you B．haven’t you C．had you D．hadn’t you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：蒂姆，你以前没有和我们一起度过假期，是吗？ 考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句遵循：前肯后否，前否后肯，此题中，前句为否定，后句应为肯定，因此排除B，D选项。have是助动词，用于现在完成时态，此题中，前句谓语动词为have had，因此后句应使用助动词have，排除C选项。故选A。 39．（2025·上海普陀·二模）—______ painting is this? It used buttons from old clothes to create a 3D Chinese map. —Penny created it. She’s full of creative ideas. A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是谁的画？它用旧衣服上的纽扣制作了一幅立体的中国地图。——佩妮创作的它。她充满了创意想法。 考查疑问词辨析。Who谁；What什么；Which哪一个；Whose谁的。根据答语“Penny created it.”可知问句是在询问这幅画是谁的，“Whose”符合语境，故选D。 40．（2025·上海普陀·二模）You have never played games with VR glasses, ______? A．have you B．haven’t you C．do you D．don’t you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你从来没有用虚拟现实（VR）眼镜玩过游戏，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的结构是“前肯后否，前否后肯”，附加疑问句的时态和人称要与前面陈述句保持一致。根据“You have never played games with VR glasses”可知，“never”表示“从不”，是否定词，所以这是一个否定句，那么后面的附加疑问句要用肯定形式；又因为前面陈述句用的是现在完成时“have played”，所以附加疑问句应该用“have you”。故选A。 41．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）—______ do you keep in touch with your Australian friends? —We usually chat on social media, and sometimes send emails. A．How B．When C．Why D．What 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你是如何和你澳大利亚的朋友们保持联系的？——我们通常在社交媒体上聊天，有时发电子邮件。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎样，询问方式；When什么时候，询问时间；Why为什么，询问原因；What什么。根据“We usually chat on social media, and sometimes send emails.”可知，问句应是询问方式，用how提问。故选A。 42．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）A large number of people are keen on “planting online vegetables” these days, ______? A．do they B．don’t they C．are they D．aren’t they 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今很多人热衷于“在网上种植蔬菜” ，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，且疑问部分的助动词、系动词或情态动词要与陈述部分一致，主语也要用相应的代词。本句陈述部分“A large number of people are keen on ‘planting online vegetables’ these days”是肯定句，谓语动词是“are keen on”，系动词为“are”，主语是“A large number of people”，疑问部分主语用they代替，故疑问部分应用否定形式“aren’t they”。故选D。 43．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）The gas from the vehicles has caused serious environment pollution, _________ ? A．isn’t it B．wasn’t it C．doesn’t it D．hasn’t it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：车辆排放的气体已经造成了严重的环境污染，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。isn’t it一般现在时；wasn’t it一般过去时；doesn’t it一般现在时；hasn’t it现在完成时。分析题干可知，该句为反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否”的原则；主语“The gas”应用it代替，“The gas from the vehicles has caused serious environment pollution”为现在完成时，助动词是has，否定形式为hasn’t。故选D。 44．（2025九年级上·上海·专题练习）________ me a WeChat message before you come to Shanghai. I’ll meet you at the airport. A．Sending B．To send C．Sends D．Send 【答案】D 【详解】句意：来上海之前给我发个微信消息，我会去机场接你。 考查祈使句。根据“…me a WeChat message before you come to Shanghai.”可知，此处是祈使句，应用动词原形开头。故选D。 45．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：本，刷牙的时候关掉水龙头。 考查祈使句。根据“off the tap while brushing your teeth.”可知，该句为祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头。故选A。 46．（2025·上海虹口·二模）When you ask someone for a favour, ________ polite, clear and respectful. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你请别人帮忙时，要礼貌、清晰且尊重。 考查祈使句。根据“When you ask someone for a favour, ...polite, clear and respectful.”可知，空处表示建议，为肯定的祈使句，需动词原形。故选A。 47．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）“Kitty, ________ your lesson again. The mid-term exam is coming soon.” Said Mum. A．went over B．going over C．to go over D．go over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“基蒂，再复习一下你的功课。期中考试很快就要到了。”妈妈说。 考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头，表达建议，go over“复习”。故选D。 48．（24-25九年级下·上海宝山·阶段练习）A: ________ subject do you find more difficult, Chemistry or Biology? B: Chemistry, because it requires more memorization. A．What B．Which C．How D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：A：你觉得哪个学科更难，化学还是生物？B：化学，因为它需要更多记忆。 考查疑问词辨析。What什么；Which哪一个；How怎样；When什么时候。根据“Chemistry or Biology”可知，这是在化学和生物学科做出选择，需用表示“哪一个”的疑问词。故选B。 49．（2025·上海青浦·一模）The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness, ________? A．won’t it B．isn’t it C．hasn’t it D．didn’t it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新药对他的病会有很好的效果，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据“The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness”可知此处是反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否”的原则，结合will，可知反问需用will+not，省略为won’t的形式。故选A。 50．（24-25九年级上·上海宝山·期中）Pansy rarely set off so early, _________? A．does she B．doesn’t she C．did she D．didn’t she 【答案】C 【详解】句意：潘西很少这么早出发，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则。空前有否定意义的词rarely“很少”，所以反问部分用肯定，排除B、D选项。根据“Pansy rarely set...”可知，此处句子主语为三单，谓语动词用的set，说明此处set为过去式，故句子是一般过去时，故助动词应用did，故选C。 二、完成句子 51．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）They went to the library to search for the book. (对画线部分提问) did they to the library? 【答案】 What for 【详解】句意：他们去图书馆去借那本书。画线部分的意思是“去借那本书”，可知问的是“去干什么，为什么去”，“What…for”相当于why。故填What；for。 52．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）We hung her paintings above the fireplace.(改为否定句) We her paintings above the fireplace. 【答案】 didn’t hang 【详解】句意：我们把她的画挂在壁炉上方。句子是一般过去时，谓语动词是实义动词，改否定句时要在实义动词前加didn’t，hung还原为动词原形hang。故填didn’t；hang。 53．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Grandpa always has many interesting stories to tell us.（改为一般疑问句） Grandpa always many interesting stories to tell us? 【答案】 Does have 【详解】句意：爷爷总是有很多有趣的故事讲给我们听。根据“Grandpa always has...”可知，原句时态为一般现在时，且主语“Grandpa”是第三人称单数，改为一般疑问句时要借助助动词“does”，放在句首，首字母要大写；助动词“does”后接动词原形，所以原句中的“has”要变为“have”。故填Does；have。 54．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning. (改为反意疑问句) Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? 【答案】 did she 【详解】句意：琳达今天早上没吃早餐。改为反意疑问句，要遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的原则。根据“nothing”可知，原句是否定句，因此反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。由于主句谓语是实义动词的过去式“had”，故助动词用did；主语“Linda”常为女性的名字，用代词主格she来代替。故填did；she。 55．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）In those days Jane made a living by selling newspapers on the streets. (就划线部分提问) Jane make a living in those days? 【答案】 How did 【详解】句意：那些日子里，简靠在街上卖报纸谋生。划线部分属于方式，用疑问词how“怎样”提问，位于句首，首字母需大写；由made可知是一般过去时，疑问句中需在主语前添加助动词did。故填How；did。 56．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Jenny has to cook dinner for her son before she comes here. （改为否定句） Jenny to cook dinner for her son before she comes here. 【答案】 doesn’t have 【详解】句意：珍妮在来这里之前，得先给她儿子做好晚饭。题目要求改为否定句，has to是句子的谓语动词，主语是Jenny，变为否定句需要借助does，否定形式是在does后加not，缩写为doesn’t，谓语部分变为原形have to。故填doesn’t；have。 57．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The huge wooden horse weighed over a thousand pounds. (对画线部分提问) pounds did the huge wooden horse weigh? 【答案】 How many 【详解】句意：这匹巨大的木马重达一千多磅。画线部分为over a thousand pounds“超过一千多磅”，故此处应问多少磅，pounds为可数名词复数，多少磅应是how many pounds，句首首字母大写。故填How many。 58．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）Amy seldom agreed with what her group partners said. (改为反意疑问句) Amy seldom agreed with what her group partners said, ? 【答案】 did she 【详解】句意：艾米很少同意她的小组伙伴们说的话。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”，陈述句中含有否定词seldom，疑问句部分用肯定，根据“agreed”可知句子是一般过去时，疑问部分用助动词did，主语是Amy，用代词she代替。故填did；she。 59．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The soldier had to obey the orders given by the captain. (改为一般疑问句) the soldier to obey the orders given by the captain? 【答案】 Did have 【详解】句意：士兵必须服从上尉的命令。根据“had”可知句子是一般过去时，变疑问句时借助助动词did，其后的动词had恢复成原形have。故填Did；have。 60．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）The Artemis crew is expected to return to the Moon in about two years.  (对划线部分提问) is the Artemis crew expected to return to the Moon? 【答案】 How soon 【详解】句意：阿尔忒弥斯号船员预计将在大约两年后返回月球。划线部分表示“大约两年后”，故此处询问“多长时间之后”，疑问词用how soon，放句首首字母大写。故填How；soon。 61．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）No guards stopped the soldiers as they opened the main gates. (改为反意疑问句) No guards stopped the soldiers as they opened the main gates, ? 【答案】 did they 【详解】句意：当士兵打开大门时，没有警卫阻止他们。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则；根据原句中的“No”和谓语动词“stopped”可知，改成反意疑问句时需借助助动词did；主语用they指代“No guards”。故填did；they。 62．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）We must clean the classroom to keep it clean.（对划线部分提问） you clean the classroom? 【答案】 Why must 【详解】句意：我们必须打扫教室，保持它干净。划线部分“保持它干净”是“打扫教室”的目的或原因，应该用why“为什么”提问，原句有情态动词“must”，因此在疑问句中，“must”需要保留并放在主语前。故填Why；must。 63．（24-25九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）Both Cherry Creek and Chatfield State Park offer areas where dogs are allowed without leashes. (改为否定句) Cherry Creek nor Chatfield State Park areas where dogs are allowed without leashes. 【答案】 Neither offers 【详解】句意：樱桃溪和查特菲尔德州立公园都提供允许狗不系绳的区域。改为否定句时，both...and...“……和……都”要变成neither...nor...“……和……都不”，句首首字母n要大写；neither...nor...遵循“就近原则”，即当neither...nor...‌连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式需与nor‌后的主语保持一致‌，nor后的主语“Chatfield State Park”表示单数，且时态是一般现在时，所以动词offer要变成第三人称单数形式offers。故填Neither；offers。 64．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）The scientists have just published their groundbreaking findings in a journal. (改为一般疑问句) the scientists published their groundbreaking findings in a journal ? 【答案】 Have yet 【详解】句意：科学家们刚刚在一份期刊上发表了他们具有开创性的研究成果。句子为现在完成时，改为一般疑问句需要助动词have提前，并大写首字母，而肯定句中的just在改为一般疑问句时，应改成yet并放在句尾，故填Have；yet。 65．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）She has never shown any interest in pursuing a career in finance. （改为反义疑问句） She has never shown any interest in pursuing a career in finance, ? 【答案】 has she 【详解】句意：她从未对从事金融事业表现出任何兴趣。根据题干可知，原句为否定陈述句（never表示否定），反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯”原则；主句谓语为“has shown”，助动词为has；主语为she。故反义疑问部分用“has she”。故填has；she。 66．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Lily told us a very interesting story yesterday. (改为感叹句) interesting story Lily told us yesterday! 【答案】 What an 【详解】句意：莉莉昨天给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。根据“… interesting story Lily told us yesterday!”可知，句子为感叹句，中心词为“story”，可数名词单数，符合“What a/an+形容词+名词单数+主谓”结构，应用what引导感叹句，位于句首，首字母要大写；“interesting”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用“an”修饰。故填What；an。 67．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）through the water, quickly, their large feet, push them, are used to (连词成句) . 【答案】Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water 【详解】根据标点符号可知，句子是陈述句。through the water“穿过水面”，作地点状语；quickly“快速地”，修饰动词；their large feet“它们的大脚”，作主语；push them“推动它们”；are used to“被用来”，作谓语。故填Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water“它们的大脚被用来在水中快速地推动它们”。 68．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）the/ customers/ often/ slow/ complain/ service/ about/ in/ the/ restaurant (连词成句) . 【答案】The customers often complain about slow service in the restaurant 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，本句是一个陈述句。the customers“顾客们”，句首首字母需要大写，作主语；often“经常”，频度副词，放在“实前系后”；complain“抱怨”，动词作谓语；about“关于”，是介词，连接动词和宾语；slow service“缓慢的服务”，作宾语；in the restaurant“在餐馆”，介词短语作状语。故填The customers often complain about slow service in the restaurant“顾客们经常抱怨这家餐厅缓慢的服务”。 69．（2025·上海闵行·三模）rarely, others, to, give a hand, need help, model students, if, refuse (连词成句) . 【答案】Model students rarely refuse to give a hand if others need help 【详解】根据所给单词和标点可知，句子是if引导的条件状语从句。Model students“模范学生”，作主语；rarely“很少”，副词；refuse to do“拒绝做某事”；give a hand“帮忙”，与to搭配，作宾语；if“如果”，引导条件状语从句；others“其他人”，从句的主语；need“需要”，从句的谓语；help“帮助”，从句的宾语。故填Model students rarely refuse to give a hand if others need help“模范学生在他人需要帮助时很少拒绝帮忙”。 70．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）early, the traffic, we, to avoid, set off (连词成句) . 【答案】We set off early to avoid the traffic 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，we作主语；set off作谓语；副词early修饰动词短语set off，作状语；to avoid the traffic作目的状语，其中the traffic作动词avoid的宾语。故答案为：We set off early to avoid the traffic“我们早早出发以避开交通堵塞”。 71．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）the animals, the sign, not to, visitors, feed, warns, over there（连词成句） . 【答案】The sign over there warns visitors not to feed the animals/The sign warns visitors not to feed the animals over there 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，本句是一个陈述句。时态是一般现在时。句子结构是“主语(The sign) + 地点状语(over there)+谓语(warns)+宾语(visitors)+不定式作宾补(not to feed the animals)”或者是“主语(The sign)+谓语(warns)+宾语(visitors)+不定式作宾补(not to feed the animals)+地点状语(over there)”。故填The sign over there warns visitors not to feed the animals/ The sign warns visitors not to feed the animals over there“那边的标志警告游客不要喂动物”。 72．（2025·上海静安·二模）walk along, used to, with their friends, to relax, my parents, the beach nearby  (连词成句) . 【答案】My parents used to walk along the beach nearby with their friends to relax 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式。分析所给单词，my parents作句子主语，意为“我的父母”；used to是固定短语，意为“过去常常”，后接动词原形；walk along是动词短语，意为“沿着……走”，walk是动词原形，符合used to的用法；the beach nearby意为“附近的海滩”，作walk along的宾语；with their friends是介词短语，意为“和他们的朋友一起”，表示伴随；to relax是动词不定式，在句中作目的状语，意为“为了放松”。 故填My parents used to walk along the beach nearby with their friends to relax“我父母过去常常和他们的朋友一起沿着附近的海滩散步来放松”。 73．（2025·上海青浦·二模）its, for a long time, China, traditional culture, with the world, has been sharing (连词成句) . 【答案】China has been sharing its traditional culture with the world for a long time 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给词，China作主语，has been sharing作谓语，traditional culture作宾语，its作定语，for a long time作状语。故答案为：China has been sharing its traditional culture with the world for a long time“长期以来，中国一直在与世界分享其传统文化”。 74．（2025·上海宝山·二模）be green consumers, on the Earth, let’s, enjoy a better life, and (连词成句) . 【答案】Let’s be green consumers and enjoy a better life on the Earth 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用祈使句的形式。分析所给单词，“Let’s”开头表示“让我们”，用于引导祈使句；“be green consumers”表示“成为绿色消费者”，是动词短语作谓语；“and”为连词，表并列；“enjoy a better life”表示“享受更美好的生活”，也是动词短语；“on the Earth”表示“在地球上”，作地点状语，可放在句末。故填Let’s be green consumers and enjoy a better life on the Earth “让我们成为绿色消费者，在地球上享受更美好的生活”。 75．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）wondering, the project, I, if, have finished, they, am (连词成句) . 【答案】I am wondering if they have finished the project 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。分析单词可知，此句是if引导的宾语从句。I am wondering是宾语从句的主句部分；they作从句主语；have finished作谓语； the project作宾语。故填I am wondering if they have finished the project“我想知道他们是否已经完成了这个项目”。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08感叹句、祈使句、疑问句、反义疑问句及其它（核心考点精讲精练） 复习目标 特殊句式是中考考向之一，考查范围是感叹句、there be句型、 祈使句、陈述句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句及其它，也是同学们很容易混淆的知识点。考题以单项选择和句子改写的形式出现。 感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）： 用于表达强烈喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。 以What或How开头，后接形容词或副词（如：What a beautiful day! 或 How quickly he runs!）。 祈使句（Imperative Sentences）： 用于发出命令、请求或建议。 通常省略主语，动词原形开头。 可以是肯定形式（如：Sit down.）或否定形式（如：Do not run.）。 特殊疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）： 用于询问特定信息。 以特殊疑问词开头（如：What, When, Where, Who, Why, How）。 结构为特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（如：What time does the train leave?）。 反意疑问句（Tag Questions）： 用于确认信息或征求对方意见。 结构为陈述句+简短疑问句。 肯定陈述句后跟否定疑问句（如：It's raining, isn't it?）；否定陈述句后跟肯定疑问句（如：He isn't coming, is he?）。 一般疑问句（Yes/No Questions）： 用于提出问题，期待肯定或否定的回答。 通过将助动词、情态动词或be动词提前至句首构成（如：Do you like English?）。 陈述句（Declarative Sentences）： 用于陈述事实或观点。 结构通常为主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）。 可以是肯定句（如：She is a student.）或否定句（如：She is not a student.）。 条件句（Conditional Sentences）： 用于表达条件和结果的关系。 真实条件句：if + 现在时，主句用将来时（如：If it rains, we will stay home.）。 非真实条件句：if + 过去时，主句用would + 动词原形（如：If I had time, I would visit you.）。 比较句（Comparative Sentences）： 用于比较两个或多个事物。 比较级：形容词或副词+er（如：She is taller than him.）。 最高级：the + 形容词或副词+est（如：This is the most difficult question.） 【思维导图】 考点概览 （一） 感叹句 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 A. What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它； B. What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它； C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它； 1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are! 2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is! 3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are! 4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today! 5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is! 6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are! 7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance! 8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought! 9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances! 10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you! 11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice! （二）其它各种句式 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it 注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't 注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。   例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 考题透视 Part1：感叹句 考向一、what引导的感叹句 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。例如：What a lovely boy he is! ►考向二、how引导的感叹句 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 "how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！ 如：① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! ② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! ③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! ④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! ⑤ How hard they are working now! ►考向三、句型改写 （陈述句改感叹句） 高频易混易错考点梳理/归纳 陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法： 1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。 She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。 He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。 2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。 She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl. He works ‖ (how) hard 3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。 What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【真题链接】 1.（2023·上海·统考中考真题）________fine day today! Why not go hiking? -Good idea! A) What an B) How C) What a D) What 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）_______ exciting singing contest they had yesterday! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）________ amazing the film Hi, Mom is! Mother’s love always touches my heart. A．How an B．How C．What an D．What 4．（2019·上海·中考真题） beautifully little Simon dances in front of the camera! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 5．（2018·上海·中考真题）The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 6．（2016·上海·中考真题） wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 7．（2015·上海·中考真题）______ important it is for kids to imagine freely ! A．what B．what a C．what an D．how 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The robot can help me sweep the floor. smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 9．（2012·上海·中考真题）______ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an Part2：其它句式 一、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句 1.特殊疑问句 用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。回答时不能使用yes或no。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。 what 疑问词小结： what class 哪个班 what grade 哪个年级 what day 星期几 what time 几点 what color 什么颜色 what language什么语言 how 疑问词小结： how long多长时间（提问时间段） how often多久一次（对频率提问） how soon多久以后（对in短语提问） how many多少（提问可数名词数量） how much多少（提问不可数名词数量，也可提问价格） how far多远（提问距离） how heavy多重 how wide多宽 how tall/high多高 how old多大（提问年龄） 其他以“w”开头的疑问词小结： when什么时候； where哪里； which哪一个； who谁 whose谁的； why为什么 2.选择疑问句 提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句中的两种或种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能使用yes或no,而要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式。选择疑问句可以分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句两种。 (1)一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择音分？如： -Do you like apples or pears?你喜欢苹果还是梨？ -I like pears.我喜欢梨。 (2)特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句，A or B?如： -Which would you like better,tea or coffee? -I like coffee better. ——你比较喜欢哪种，茶还是咖啡？ ——我更喜欢咖啡。 二、反意疑问句 反意疑问句是附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问的句子。反意疑问部分要与前面的陈述部分用逗号隔开，句末用问号。如果陈述部分是肯定结构，反意疑问部分就用否定结构，反之亦然。此问句可用yes或no来回答。反意疑问部分的主语要用代词，并与陈述部分主语一致，谓语动词在人称、数和时态上也要与陈述部分一致。 注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即： 陈述句 + 逗号 + 省略问句 + 问号 You are from America, aren’t you? 注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则 Jim isn’t in Class Four, is he? 注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同 MrZhang has been here for four years, hasn’t he? 注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记） 三、-祈使句 祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型： 1.行为动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。 2. Be动词＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如： Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。 3. Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧 祈使句的否定句式 祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下三种类型： 1.在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其它成分。例如： Don’t say that again!别再那样说了！ 2.在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成Don’t be＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如：Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。 3.在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用No＋名词/V-ing形式结构，表示禁止做某事。例如： NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照！ 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是形式一致，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。二是意思相反，即Yes是不的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。 　--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 　　请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 　　---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 　　不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 ►考向一、祈使句、陈述句（肯定句+否定句） 1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 2．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 3．（2018·上海·中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 4．（2014·上海·中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 5．（2015·上海·中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 6．（2015·上海·中考真题） Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 7．（2011·上海·中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so ►考向二、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句 1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 2．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 5．（2016·上海·中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 6．（2017·上海·中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 7．（2012·上海·中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 8．（2013·上海·中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 9．（2011·上海·中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 10．（2011·上海·中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 11．（2015·上海·中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 考向三：倒装句及其它特殊句式 1．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 2．（2017·上海长宁·统考二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software． ________ A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I． 3．（2017·上海青浦·统考二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________. A．So do I   . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I 4．（2019·上海·校联考模拟预测）Taiwan Island is part of China. _____ the South China Sea Islands. A．So are B．So do C．Neither are D．Neither do 5．（2014·上海浦东新·统考二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin. A．Neither is B．Neither has C．So is D．So has ►考向四、完成句子及句型改写 1．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）My deskmate borrowed some books from the library at noon. （改为否定句） My deskmate    any books from the library at noon. 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new robots help passengers with their luggage at this airport. （改为一般疑问句） the new robots passengers with their luggage at this airport? 3．（2016·上海·中考真题）George wants to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors. （改为一般疑问句） George to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors? 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The middle school boy can tell traditional Chinese stories in English． （改为一般疑问句） the middle school boy traditional Chinese stories in English？ 5．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）It is about 20 kilometres from our school to the National Forest Park.（对划线部分提问） is it from our school to the National Forest Park? 6．（2016·上海·中考真题）The Chinese graduate became a star because of his speech at Harvard.(对划线部分提问) the Chinese graduate become a star? 7．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The government has spent 10 million yuan improving the water quality. （对划线部分提问） has the government spent improving the water quality? 8．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Lee has helped the local people sell their products since he returned to his hometown.（对划线部分提问） has Lee helped the local people sell their products? 好题新题特训 一、单项选择 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）________ interesting it was to hear her story! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 2．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）________ terrible mess the dog made when it was alone at home. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 3．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 4．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）________ exciting news it is that China’s Chang’e-6 successfully landed on the far side of the moon! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 5．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ hot and dry weather it is in Shanghai this summer! A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 6．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期末）______ fresh and clean air the mountain gives hikers every morning! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 7．（24-25九年级下·上海普陀·阶段练习）Oh, what a responsible teacher ________! We all admire him. A．he is B．is he C．he does D．does he 8．（2025·上海虹口·三模）Look outside. ______ fine day! The sun is shining and there are no clouds. A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 9．（2025·上海金山·三模）— ________ honest boy you are ! —Thank you! A．What an B．What a C．How D．How an 10．（2025·上海闵行·三模）________ hard work Linda has put into this project! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 11．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）________ terrible weather! I hope it clears up soon. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 12．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）________ Mary’s fingers move across the piano keys—it’s like watching a professional concert! A．How fluent B．How fluently C．What fluent D．What fluently 13．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）________ cool the robot dance performance was at this year’s Spring Festival Gala! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 14．（2025·上海崇明·二模）________ generous the scientist is to give so much to the charity! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 15．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）________ confident the little girl was when playing the piano for the first time! A．What B．How C．What an D．What a 16．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Du Fu showed his care to farmers in Happy Rain on a Spring Night. ________ beautiful the poem is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 17．（2025·上海闵行·二模）________ enjoyable project it is to build mini robots from recycled materials! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 18．（2025·上海宝山·二模）________ useful piece of advice Peter has offered to us about how to keep fit! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 19．（2025·上海长宁·二模）________ great fun it is for the students to take part in different kinds of activities! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 20．（2025·上海静安·二模）________ useful learning method it is to practice regularly! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 21．（2025·上海金山·二模）________ good time Jenny had during her stay in China! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 22．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Our school debate team has won the national championship. ______ great news it is! A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 23．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）________ fun we had at the beach yesterday! We can’t wait to go back! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 24．（2025九年级上·上海·专题练习）Since Damin is strong enough to control his raft in the river, he ________ any help. A．doesn’t need B．doesn’t need to C．needs to D．needs 25．（2025·上海宝山·二模）We ________ any drink. You’d better buy some fruit and vegetables at the supermarket. A．needn’t B．don’t need to C．don’t need D．not need 26．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines. A．don’t need to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．need to 27．（23-24九年级上·上海·阶段练习）You’d better not tell lies to the detectives, ________? A．hadn’t you B．had you C．did you D．would you 28．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期末）This old bicycle hardly breaks down on short trips in the park, ______? A．does it B．has it C．is it D．will it 29．（2025·上海虹口·三模）—______did the online meeting last yesterday? —For nearly three hours. We discussed the new project in detail. A．What time B．How soon C．How often D．How long 30．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）—________ is the school system like in your country? —In my country, students attend school for 12 years before university. A．How B．How long C．Why D．What 31．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）—A nice day! ________ did you run this morning? —Around 5 kilometers, feeling great! A．How far B．How long C．How much D．How often 32．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）—________ will the new software update be available for download? —Next Monday. A．How long B．When C．How far D．How soon 33．（2025·上海长宁·二模）—________ father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday? —John’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 34．（2025·上海崇明·二模）— ________ can the pizza be delivered? I’m really hungry. — The app says it’ll arrive in 20 minutes. A．How soon B．How much C．How long D．How often 35．（2025·上海闵行·二模）—________ is a 5-day trip to Hong Kong? —I guess it’s about 4,000 yuan. A．How soon B．How far C．How much D．How long 36．（2025·上海静安·二模）— ________ will we reach the Movie Park? — In about 30 minutes. A．How fast B．How far C．How soon D．How long 37．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Always keep in mind that teamwork is essential for success, ________? A．is it B．will you C．shall we D．are there 38．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Tim, you haven’t had a holiday with us before, ________? A．have you B．haven’t you C．had you D．hadn’t you 39．（2025·上海普陀·二模）—______ painting is this? It used buttons from old clothes to create a 3D Chinese map. —Penny created it. She’s full of creative ideas. A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose 40．（2025·上海普陀·二模）You have never played games with VR glasses, ______? A．have you B．haven’t you C．do you D．don’t you 41．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）—______ do you keep in touch with your Australian friends? —We usually chat on social media, and sometimes send emails. A．How B．When C．Why D．What 42．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）A large number of people are keen on “planting online vegetables” these days, ______? A．do they B．don’t they C．are they D．aren’t they 43．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）The gas from the vehicles has caused serious environment pollution, _________ ? A．isn’t it B．wasn’t it C．doesn’t it D．hasn’t it 44．（2025九年级上·上海·专题练习）________ me a WeChat message before you come to Shanghai. I’ll meet you at the airport. A．Sending B．To send C．Sends D．Send 45．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 46．（2025·上海虹口·二模）When you ask someone for a favour, ________ polite, clear and respectful. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 47．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）“Kitty, ________ your lesson again. The mid-term exam is coming soon.” Said Mum. A．went over B．going over C．to go over D．go over 48．（24-25九年级下·上海宝山·阶段练习）A: ________ subject do you find more difficult, Chemistry or Biology? B: Chemistry, because it requires more memorization. A．What B．Which C．How D．When 49．（2025·上海青浦·一模）The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness, ________? A．won’t it B．isn’t it C．hasn’t it D．didn’t it 50．（24-25九年级上·上海宝山·期中）Pansy rarely set off so early, _________? A．does she B．doesn’t she C．did she D．didn’t she 二、完成句子 51．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）They went to the library to search for the book. (对画线部分提问) did they to the library? 52．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）We hung her paintings above the fireplace.(改为否定句) We her paintings above the fireplace. 53．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Grandpa always has many interesting stories to tell us.（改为一般疑问句） Grandpa always many interesting stories to tell us? 54．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning. (改为反意疑问句) Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? 55．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）In those days Jane made a living by selling newspapers on the streets. (就划线部分提问) Jane make a living in those days? 56．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Jenny has to cook dinner for her son before she comes here. （改为否定句） Jenny to cook dinner for her son before she comes here. 57．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The huge wooden horse weighed over a thousand pounds. (对画线部分提问) pounds did the huge wooden horse weigh? 58．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）Amy seldom agreed with what her group partners said. (改为反意疑问句) Amy seldom agreed with what her group partners said, ? 59．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The soldier had to obey the orders given by the captain. (改为一般疑问句) the soldier to obey the orders given by the captain? 60．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）The Artemis crew is expected to return to the Moon in about two years.  (对划线部分提问) is the Artemis crew expected to return to the Moon? 61．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）No guards stopped the soldiers as they opened the main gates. (改为反意疑问句) No guards stopped the soldiers as they opened the main gates, ? 62．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）We must clean the classroom to keep it clean.（对划线部分提问） you clean the classroom? 63．（24-25九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）Both Cherry Creek and Chatfield State Park offer areas where dogs are allowed without leashes. (改为否定句) Cherry Creek nor Chatfield State Park areas where dogs are allowed without leashes. 64．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）The scientists have just published their groundbreaking findings in a journal. (改为一般疑问句) the scientists published their groundbreaking findings in a journal ? 65．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）She has never shown any interest in pursuing a career in finance. （改为反义疑问句） She has never shown any interest in pursuing a career in finance, ? 66．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Lily told us a very interesting story yesterday. (改为感叹句) interesting story Lily told us yesterday! 67．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）through the water, quickly, their large feet, push them, are used to (连词成句) . 68．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·阶段练习）the/ customers/ often/ slow/ complain/ service/ about/ in/ the/ restaurant (连词成句) . 69．（2025·上海闵行·三模）rarely, others, to, give a hand, need help, model students, if, refuse (连词成句) . 70．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）early, the traffic, we, to avoid, set off (连词成句) . 71．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）the animals, the sign, not to, visitors, feed, warns, over there（连词成句） . 72．（2025·上海静安·二模）walk along, used to, with their friends, to relax, my parents, the beach nearby  (连词成句) . 73．（2025·上海青浦·二模）its, for a long time, China, traditional culture, with the world, has been sharing (连词成句) . 74．（2025·上海宝山·二模）be green consumers, on the Earth, let’s, enjoy a better life, and (连词成句) . 75．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）wondering, the project, I, if, have finished, they, am (连词成句) . 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $