UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 单元限时小练-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册作业与测评全书Word（人教版）

英语　必修·第一册[人教版]作业与测评 Ⅰ　阅读 A It was a typical summer day in my small town, with the sun shining and the sky clear. I was sitting on my porch, enjoying the peaceful view of the rolling hills and the calm lake, when suddenly a strong wind blew in from the west. The peaceful sky turned dark as a storm approached. I went inside, grabbing my raincoat and heading to the barn to secure the animals. The cows were nervous, sensing the approaching storm. I quickly tied them up and ran back to the house, just as the rain started to pour down. The wind was howling and the rain was pounding against the windows. Lightning and thunder followed, making the atmosphere even more electric. I sat by the window, watching the raging storm and praying that everything would be okay. After what seemed like hours, but was only a few minutes, the storm passed. The clouds moved away, revealing a bright and sunny sky. I walked outside, taking in the fresh air and surveying the damage. The trees were bent over and some branches had been blown off. Our vegetable garden was flooded, but other than that, everything seemed to be fine. I breathed a sigh of relief as I realized that no serious damage had been done. That evening, as I sat by the fireplace with a cup of hot coffee, I reflected on the experience. It reminded me that nature can be both powerful and unpredictable, but that we must persevere and adapt to whatever it throws at us. The next morning, as I watched the sun rise over the now­calm landscape, I felt a sense of pride knowing that my family and I had weathered the storm together. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他和他的家人经历了一场突如其来的暴风雨，从最初的紧张应对到灾后反思，最终感悟到家庭团结和敬畏自然的故事。 1．How did the author feel after the storm passed? A．Angry. B．Relieved. C．Scared. D．Sad. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Our vegetable garden was flooded ... that no serious damage had been done.(我们的菜园被水淹了，但除此之外，一切似乎都很好。当我意识到没有造成严重损害时，我松了一口气。)”可知，暴风雨过后，作者感到如释重负。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “weathered” mean in the last paragraph? A．Enjoyed. B．Survived. C．Forecasted. D．Changed. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“I felt a sense of pride”以及画线词后的“the storm”可知，作者和家人一起在暴风雨中幸存了下来，作者感到很自豪。由此可推知，画线词weathered意为“经受住”，与survived同义。故选B。 3．How is the passage organized? A．Problem and solution. B．Cause and effect. C．In order time. D．By comparison. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The peaceful sky turned dark as a storm approached.(随着暴风雨的逼近，宁静的天空变得一片黑暗。)”以及第三段中的“After what seemed like ... the storm passed. (似乎过了几个小时，但实际上只有几分钟，暴风雨过去了。)”和第四段中的“That evening ... the experience. (那天晚上，我坐在壁炉旁，喝着一杯热咖啡，回想着这段经历。)”可推知，作者是按时间顺序来组织文章的。故选C。 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The author explains how to prepare for and cope with a storm. B．The author describes how a storm ruined his day and his garden. C．The author compares and contrasts the different weather conditions in his town. D．The author recounts how he and his family withstood a sudden storm and learned a lesson from it. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“I reflected on the experience ... storm together”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和家人如何经受住了一场突如其来的暴风雨和从中吸取的教训。故选D。 B Somalia, Kenya, and now Ethiopia are warning of a serious drought that affects millions of people in Eastern Africa. In Ethiopia's Somali area, people have seen the failures of what should have been three straight rainy seasons. Droughts do come and go over the years. However, the lack of rainfall has led to the driest conditions in 40 years in parts of Somalia and Ethiopia. UNICEF is the United Nations' children's agency. Local Zaynab Wali told a visiting team with UNICEF that she and her seven children had never seen a drought like this. She said the government gave out food for animals during the last drought five years ago.“This time, we even don't have enough food for our family.” Children walk among the bodies of dead animals, which died from lack of food and energy. Somalia Consortium works to improve international aid for Somalia. It said in a separate statement that in Somalia, more than 7 million people need emergency help. It is asking international organizations to give much more to the country. “We are just one month into the long dry season, and I have already lost 25 goats and sheep，” Hafsa Bedel in Ethiopia's Somali area told UNICEF. She also lost four camels, a large desert animal, as well. She said there was nowhere for her animals to eat. She added that there was not enough food for her own family, including her six children. UNICEF thinks that more than 150，000 children in such areas of Ethiopia have dropped out of school. They are needed to help find the limited amount of water and help their families with other work. One young boy was seen supporting an animal, a donkey. The donkey was once important for carrying goods. But now, it had become too weak to walk on its own. 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了东非地区出现的严重干旱，分析了干旱的成因以及给当地带来的巨大影响，并呼吁国际社会提供援助。 5．Why did Zaynab Wali mention the last drought? A．To show the need to protect animals. B．To express her disappointment this time. C．To prove the high frequency of drought. D．To praise the government for its timely help. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She said the government ... enough food for our family.”可知，在五年前上次的干旱中，政府甚至为动物分发食物，而这一次干旱，连家庭口粮都不足，由此可推知，通过对比政府两次应对措施的差异，体现出她对这次干旱政府应对措施的失望。故选B。 6．What is Somalia Consortium trying to do now? A．Get more foreign help. B．Warn people of the risk of drought. C．Offer more education to the children there. D．Make clear the number of people in need. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Somalia Consortium works to ... much more to the country.”可知，索马里联合会在尽力去获得更多的国外援助。故选A。 7．What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us? A．The sweet picture of the boy and the animal. B．The functions of animals in farming. C.The importance of taking care of the weak animal. D．The seriousness of the drought. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，驴原本作为运载货物的工具，现在却虚弱得无法行走，这种情况是由干旱导致食物匮乏所造成的，由此可推知，本段主要用驴的例子来告诉我们干旱的严重性。故选D。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Drought in Eastern Africa Leaves Animals in Danger B．Drought Makes People of Eastern Africa Leave Their Home C．UN Officials Care for Children Affected by Drought D．Millions Face Risk as Drought Affects Eastern Africa 答案：D 解析：标题判断题。第一段第一句提出索马里、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚都发出了严重干旱的警告，影响了东非数百万人，后面段落对这次干旱的情况及其影响作了具体介绍，D项(干旱影响东非数百万人面临风险)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ　七选五 经验贴25　七选五的正确选项通常遵循情感一致原则，如：积极对积极，消极对消极，积极与消极同时存在中间必有转折的原则。 Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis? This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency. __1__． Create a fundraiser. Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. If you're dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community. __2__， on the organization's site or through an app; thus, you won't have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account. Collect supplies. __3__. Start by checking an organization's website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have. Donate your skills or time. You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don't have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean－up afterward. However, always call or check online first. __4__. In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation. __5__． One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items. A．Learn to cooperate with others B．Prepare for a natural disaster in advance C．Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters D．Designate a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly E．If you're trying to figure out how to help with natural disasters, you're in the right place F．It's best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of G．Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个帮助灾区及灾区人民的方法。 1．答案：C 解析：根据下文小标题“Create a fundraiser. (创建筹款活动。)”、“Collect supplies.(收集物资。)”和“Donate your skills or time. (贡献您的技能或时间。)”可知，C项(以下是如何帮助那些受到自然灾害影响的人的方法)引出下文，介绍如何帮助受到自然灾害影响的人。故选C。 2．答案：D 解析：根据上文“If you're dealing ... your community.(如果你正在处理当地的自然灾害，那就从通过社区筹集资金开始。)”可知，D项(指定一个慈善机构接收资金，以便人们可以直接捐款)承接上文，具体说明筹集资金的方式。故选D。 3．答案：F 解析：根据下文“Start by checking an organization's website ... they have.(首先查看组织的网站；网站上通常有所需物品的清单以及发送地点。或者致电灾区的社区办公室，了解他们有什么具体需求。)”可知，F项(最好花一点额外的时间来弄清楚到底缺什么)引出下文，介绍了解受灾地区需求的方法。故选F。 4．答案：G 解析：根据上文“However, always call or check online first.(但是，请务必先致电或在线查看。)”及下文“In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.(实际上，你将给已经处于水深火热的受灾地区再增加一个需要帮助的人。)”可知，G项(不要以志愿者个人身份前往灾区，期待能帮到别人)承上启下，符合语境，强调志愿服务需提前沟通，不要给灾区再添乱。故选G。 5．答案：B 解析：根据下文“One of the most helpful things ... prepare yourself ahead of time. (在自然灾害中，你能做的最有帮助的事情之一就是提前做好准备。)”可知，B项(提前为自然灾害做好准备)总结下文，介绍第四个应对自然灾害的方法。故选B。 Ⅲ　完形填空 Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn't __1__ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our __2__ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed __3__ as fast as I could back to the classroom. Never did I imagine that we would put our regular __4__ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had __5__ against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with __6__ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to __7__ them, though we actually didn't know what the __8__ would be. I couldn't __9__ the tornado more. However, I'm very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a(n) __10__ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them __11__ instructions (指示) so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly __12__. I'm extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their __13__ in me. Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well­behaved student are a long line of teachers who have made it their life's __14__ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented __15__， I'm sure we can handle them one by one. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师在一次突如其来的龙卷风中见证了学生们的勇敢和冷静，深刻体会到安全教育和信任的重要性，并重新审视了自己的教育目标。 1．A.paid B．searched C．accounted D．prepared 答案：D 解析：pay支付；search搜查；account解释；prepare准备。根据上文“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before.”可知，龙卷风突然来袭，他们没有提前做好准备。故选D。 2．A.agency B．education C．emergency D．selection 答案：C 解析：agency代理机构；education教育；emergency紧急事件；selection挑选。根据上文“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before.”可知，龙卷风突然来袭，他们被迫采取紧急行动。故选C。 3．A.suddenly B．finally C．secretly D．immediately 答案：D 解析：suddenly突然；finally最终；secretly秘密地；immediately立即。根据上文“Hearing the alarm screaming”和下文“as fast as I could”可推知，作者立即赶回教室。故选D。 4．A.games B．trainings C．languages D．saving 答案：B 解析：game游戏；training训练；language语言；saving存款。根据下文“against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees”可知，学生靠墙蹲下的动作是常规训练。故选B。 5．A.mixed up B．stood out C．lined up D．spoken out 答案：C 解析：mix up混合；stand out突出；line up排成一行；speak out毫无保留地说出。根据下文“against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees”可知，作者和学生们在灾难来临的时候，用上了他们平时常规训练的内容，学生们靠墙排成一排应对龙卷风。故选C。 6．A.fear B．anger C．shame D．shock 答案：A 解析：fear恐惧；anger生气；shame惭愧；shock震惊。根据下文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay”和常识可知，龙卷风来袭，学生们询问其家人安全体现了他们很害怕。故选A。 7．A.encounter B．comfort C．satisfy D．praise 答案：B 解析：encounter遭遇；comfort安慰；satisfy满足；praise表扬。根据上文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay”可知，孩子们问他们的父母、宠物和朋友是否安全，老师们尽力安慰他们，缓解他们害怕的情绪。故选B。 8．A.problem B．result C．success D．reason 答案：B 解析：problem问题；result结果；success成功；reason原因。根据上文“I, along with other teachers ... we actually didn't know”可知，尽管老师们在安慰孩子们，但事实上他们也不知道结果会怎样。故选B。 9．A.hate B．expect C．see D．approach 答案：A 解析：hate讨厌；expect期望；see看见；approach靠近。根据下文“However, I'm very proud of my students who performed so well.”可知，However表示转折，此处指作者非常讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。 10．A.simple B．ideal C．scary D．strange 答案：C 解析：simple简单的；ideal理想的；scary吓人的；strange奇怪的。根据上文“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before.”以及下文“dangerous”可知，此处指如此可怕和危险的情况。故选C。 11．A.follow B．provide C．repeat D．change 答案：A 解析：follow听从；provide提供；repeat重复；change改变。根据下文“instructions(指示) so quickly, without any hesitation”可推知，作者一生从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地听从指令行动。故选A。 12．A.fortunate B．honest C．confident D．brave 答案：D 解析：fortunate幸运的；honest诚实的；confident自信的；brave勇敢的。根据上文“Never in my life had I seen them __11__ instructions (指示) so quickly, without any hesitation.”可推知，作者认为孩子们很勇敢。故选D。 13．A.trust B．pride C．interest D．growth 答案：A 解析：trust信任；pride自豪；interest兴趣；growth成长。根据上文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay”以及“I'm very proud of my students who performed so well”可知，孩子们向老师求助，而且听从老师的指令，由此体现了学生对作者的信任。故选A。 14．A.reward B．power C．wisdom D．goal 答案：D 解析：reward回报；power权力；wisdom智慧；goal目标。根据下文“educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust”可知，此处指老师们的教育目标。故选D。 15．A.chances B．challenges C．adventures D．discussions 答案：B 解析：chance机会；challenge挑战；adventure冒险；discussion讨论。根据下文“I'm sure we can handle them one by one”可推知，此处指作者和学生们逐一应对龙卷风带来的挑战。故选B。 Ⅳ　语法填空 A few years ago, I enjoyed my summer vacation at New York's Harriman State Park with a good friend. The place __1__ we were going to was the beautiful Lake Sebago. It was certainly a nice place with tent platforms, a number of kayaks and swimming areas. It was quite __2__ (convenience) for us to fish there. As soon as we reached the best nearby fishing spot, my friend began unloading the baggage, and passed me a fishing pole with a piece of red cloth attached __3__ it. I positioned the pole in what I considered __4__ (be) the perfect place and tried to cast (扔) the line in the water. After just a few failed tries, I finally had it down. Soon a 10­inch bluegill (蓝腮太阳鱼) caught it. Feeling excited but nervous, I pulled it up. The water was rather shallow (浅), so the fish wasn't able to sink down or really run with the line. Even though it jumped out of the water several times during my struggle with this very first fish, I was still able to hold on __5__ (patient). At this time, my friend began running around the dock like a child madly in search of something. I never realized what that reaction was about until he shouted at me, looking very __6__ (excite), “Hey, man, congratulations to you. This is the biggest fish that __7__ (catch) by us since half a year ago.” I caught a total of six fish that day. There are many __8__ (benefit) from fishing beside a lake or a river. It is both a __9__ (recreate) and an entertainment. I will never be fed __10__ with such an outdoor activity. 1．_______　2._______　3._______　4._______ 5．_______　6._______　7._______　8._______ 9．_______　10._______ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者与朋友一起钓鱼的经历，展现了户外活动的乐趣与哲理。 1．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The place，在从句中作介词to的宾语，先行词指物，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 2．答案：convenient 解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前的系动词was可知，设空处应用形容词convenient “方便的”作表语。故填convenient。 3．答案：to 解析：考查介词。attach ... to为固定短语，意为“把……固定/附属在……上”。故填to。 4．答案：to be 解析：考查非谓语动词。consider ... to be ... 意为“认为……是……”，为固定搭配。故填to be。 5．答案：patiently 解析：考查词性转换。设空处作状语，应用副词修饰动词短语hold on。故填patiently。 6．答案：excited 解析：考查词性转换。系动词looking后应用形容词作表语。此处形容人，应用－ed形式的形容词。故填excited。 7．答案：has been caught 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since half a year ago可知，应用现在完成时，主语the biggest fish和动词catch之间为被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态；且主语为单数。故填has been caught。 8．答案：benefits 解析：考查名词。根据设空前的many可知，此处应用名词复数。故填benefits。 9．答案：recreation 解析：考查词性转换。根据设空后的and an entertainment可知，此处与后面名词构成并列短语，且根据设空前的冠词a可知，应用名词单数。故填recreation。 10．答案：up 解析：考查固定短语。句意：我永远不会厌倦这样的户外活动。be fed up with为固定短语，意为“厌倦……”。故填up。 Ⅴ　应用文写作 昨天A市(City A)发生了严重洪灾，大水席卷了大量人员、建筑物、汽车，损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息，为某英语报社写一篇新闻报道。内容包括： 1．受灾情况：如人员伤亡(多达1，500人死亡，成百上千人受伤，约500人下落不明)；数万栋建筑物损毁；供水、供电中断等； 2．救援情况：如军队、医务人员等； 3．赈灾措施：运送生活物资；人们捐款； 4．希望和决心。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．标题已给出，不计入总词数。 A Terrible Flood 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] A Terrible Flood A terrible flood, in which homes and belongings were swept away, struck City A yesterday, causing great damage. The number of deaths stood at 1，500, hundreds of people were injured, and some 500 people were missing. Numerous houses and roads were in ruins, leaving a great many citizens homeless. Food was hard to get and water and electricity were cut off. Soon after the flood, rescue workers, including medical teams and troops, were quickly organized and sent to the disaster­hit area. An emergency delivery of fresh water and food was transported to the area. Volunteers from around the country came to aid in the disaster relief work. With donations in large amounts and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that City A will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon. ·阅读/七选五 1．typical/'tIpIk(ə)l/adj. 典型的，有代表性的 2．approach/ə'prəʊtʃ/v. 靠近，临近　n. 方法；态度；靠近，通道 3．grab/ɡræb/v. 攫取，抓住 4．relief/rI'liːf/n. (因恐惧、忧虑或痛苦的消除而感到的)宽慰，轻松 5．preserve/prI'zɜːv/v. 保护，维护 6．landscape/'lændskeIp/n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景，景色 7．limited/'lImItId/adj. 有限的；受限的 8．resource/rI'sɔːs/n. 自然资源 9．potential/pə'tenʃ(ə)l/n. 潜力，可能性　adj. 潜在的，可能的 10．essential/I'senʃ(ə)l/adj. 必不可少的，非常重要的 11．reflect on 仔细思考某事 ·完形填空/语法填空 12．alarm/ə'lɑːm/n. 警报；警报器　v. 使不安；使恐慌 13．hesitation/ˌhezI'teIʃ(ə)n/n. 犹豫，不情愿 14．handle/'hænd(ə)l/v. 处理，应付　n. 把手；柄；方法 15．attach/ə'tætʃ/v. 系上，贴上；连接，附带 16．position/pə'zIʃ(ə)n/v. 安置，使处于　n. 位置；方位；姿势 17．happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $