UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 单元检测卷-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册作业与测评全书Word（人教版）

Unit . four单元检测卷第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, mark. Look, this is the dress ipod for mom. Well, IT looks great. IT must have cost you a lot. You're right. I pay two hundred dollars for IT. That's a big sum of money. Text too. Susan, you don't look well. What's the trouble? My stomach cake is making me unable to work, so i'm afraid I can't present my report to you today. You should see a doctor first, and you can present IT tomorrow instead. Text three, hey, George, you look tired. What have you been up to? I've just got back from the Philippines. The flight was long, but IT was great. The beaches were beautiful, and the hotel was really relaxing. Wow, amazing. Text for I have no idea . whether my workmates will come to the party or not. Don't worry, we have enough food for all of them. Text five, what shall we do now? I have been staying at home for two days. It's raining hard now. Maybe we'll clear up soon. Then we can go to the park. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Text six. how was your weekend? I went fishing with my sister. That's interesting. What else did you do? Yeah, we also went to visit my grandparents in another city. How often do you see them then? Well, not very often. About every two months, we usually drive over and stay for the weekend. Do they come over and visit you sometimes? Maybe only once a year. Now they're both in poor health, so it's difficult for them to travel. How was your weekend? I went fishing with my sister. That's interesting. What else did you do? Yeah, we also went to visit my grandparents in another city. How long do you see them then? Well, not very often. About every two months, we usually drive over and stay for the weekend. Do they come over and visit you sometimes? Maybe only once a year. Now they're both in poor health, so it's difficult for them to travel. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。Six, seven. Hey, mike, are you ready for the new term? I'm afraid not. You know, I have been traveling all summer. By the way, when does the new term start, lily. the day after tomorrow. August twenty nine, only two days from now. And what are we supposed to bring to school on the first day? You don't remember your homework that you did over the summer vacation and the project paper? Oh, luckily I have done both what else nothing . else to bring. I don't forget we're supposed to wear our school uniform on the first day. Ah, right? I need to wash my uniform today. I put them on my bed. As the summer of vacation began . under your bed, I usually hang them behind my door. Oh, and I guess that the teacher will ask us to share something about how we spent the holidays. So finally, I suggest you should be prepared for that. Thanks for your advice. Hey, mike, are you ready for the new term? I'm afraid not. You know, I have been traveling all summer. By the way, when does the new term start, lily. in the day after tomorrow, August twenty nine. only two days from now. And what are we supposed to bring to school on the first day? You don't remember your homework that you did over the summer vacation and the project paper? Oh, luckily I have done both what else nothing . else to bring. I don't forget we're supposed to wear our school uniform on the first day. Ah, right? I need to wash my uniform today. I put them on my bed. As the summer of vacation began . under your bed, I usually hang them behind my door. Oh, and I guess that the teacher will ask us to share something about how we spent the holidays. So finally, I suggest you should be prepared for that. Thanks for your advice. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。Text date, wow, I can't believe you top the class ninety nine points. Me, neither. I didn't expect to come out first. You're a smart guy. You always get straight days. thanks. I guess it's just a gift. Sure is such a pity I didn't get that gift. Well, I think you'll pretty smart too. What's your school? I just got sixty two points. This is terrible. I expected seventy at least. Well, it's not a total failure. You know, just try harder. Next time . I failed, me and my parents are going to be angry for this. Maybe that's the reason you put too much pressure on you. Look, my boss is coming. I have to go now. Give me a call later. OK. Wow, I can't believe you top the class ninety nine points. I didn't expect to come out first. You're a smart guy. You always get three days. thanks. I guess it's just a gift. Sure is such a pity I didn't get that gift. Well. I think you'll pretty smart too. What's yours? Go. I just got sixty two points. This is terrible. I expected seventy at least. Well, it's not a total failure. You know, just try harder. Next time I failed, me and my parents are going to be angry for this. Maybe that's the reason you put too much pressure on you. Look, my bossy is coming. I have to go now. Give me a cool later. okay? 听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。Text nine, are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today? There are a few stories about natural disasters. There is a big forest fire in australia. Ha d covers several square kilometers of land and has destroyed many more square kilometers. Was IT caused accidentally or naturally? Nobody knows at the moment, but IT has been very hot there recently. Sometimes IT gets so hot that fires begin naturally in australia and africa. The drawing in africa is causing starvation. Millions of people have moved to try to find food. What is the international community doing to help? The european union has sent several planes with relief supplies. Several countries have sent soldiers to provide food and medical supplies. Refugee camps have been set up across the region. How many countries have been affected? Six have been seriously affected. But the refugees are also moving to several surrounding countries. So far, less than twenty people have died, that over one hundred are in hospital. Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today? There are a few stories about natural disasters. There is a big forest fire in australia. Head covers several square kilometers of land and has destroyed many more square kilometers. Was IT caused accidentally or naturally? Nobody knows at the moment, but IT has been very hot there recently. Sometimes IT gets so hot that fires begin naturally in australia and africa. The drawing in africa is causing starvation. Millions of people have moved to try to find food. What is the international community doing to help? The european union has sent several planes with relief supplies. Several countries have sent soldiers to provide food and medical supplies. Refugee camps have been set up across the region. How many countries have benefited? Six have been seriously affected. But the refugees are also moving to several surrounding countries. So far, less than twenty people have died, but over one hundred are in hospital. 听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。Text ten. Good morning, everyone. I'd like to talk about reading today. There are two things that you should do before reading a passage. One is to consider your reason for reading. Are you reading only for the pleasure, or are you reading to search for some facts? Your purpose should decide how you read. Secondly, you should think about what the passage will tell you. What do you already know about that topic? This will help you to have a Better understanding of the passage you are preparing to read. When you are ready to read, you should begin by scheming the passage that is read quickly through the passage. In doing so, you should pay attention to the title and note the key words while swimming. You should always make a note of the topic sentence of each paragraph. The topic sentence often contains the main idea of the paragraph. Once scheming is done, you should read through the passage in more detail. Good morning, everyone. I'd like to talk about reading today. There are two things that you should do before reading a passage. One is to consider your reason for reading. Are you reading only for the pleasure, or are you reading to search for some facts? Your purpose should decide how you read. Secondly, you should think about what the passage will tell you. What do you already know about that topic? This will help you to have a Better understanding of the passage you are preparing to read. When you are ready to read, you should begin by skiing the passage, that is read quickly through the passage. In doing so, you should pay attention to the title and note the keywords while scheming. You should always make a note of the topic sentence of each paragraph. The topic sentence often contains the main idea of the paragraph. Once scheming is done, you should read through the passage in more detail. 英语　必修·第一册[人教版]作业与测评 UNIT 4 单元检测卷 　时间：120分钟　　满分：150分 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 W：Mark, look! This is the dress I bought for Mom. M：Well, it looks great. It must have cost you a lot. W：You're right. I paid 200 dollars for it. M：That's a big sum of money. 1．What does Mark think of the dress? A．Normal. B．Expensive. C．Unnecessary. 答案：B Text 2 M：Susan, you don't look well. What's the trouble? W：My stomachache is making me unable to work, so I'm afraid I can't present my report to you today. M：You should see a doctor first. And you can present it tomorrow instead. 2．What's the most probable relationship between the speakers? A．Doctor and patient. B．Father and daughter. C．Colleagues. 答案：C Text 3 W：Hey George, you look tired. What have you been up to? M：I've just got back from the Philippines. The flight was long, but it was great; the beaches were beautiful and the hotel was really relaxing. W：Wow, amazing! 3．Why does George look tired? A．He had a long flight. B．He walked on the beach. C．He didn't sleep well in the hotel. 答案：A Text 4 M：I have no idea whether my workmates will come to the party or not. W：Don't worry. We have enough food for all of them. 4．What does the woman mean? A．She will cancel the party. B．There is plenty of food at the party. C．The man should've invited his workmates. 答案：B Text 5 M：What shall we do now? I have been staying at home for two days. W：It's raining hard now. Maybe it will clear up soon. Then we can go to the park. 5．What is the weather like now? A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Cloudy. 答案：A 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 W：How was your weekend? M：I went fishing with my sister. W：That's interesting! What else did you do? M：Yeah. We also went to visit my grandparents in another city. W：How often do you see them, then? M：Well, not very often. About every two months. We usually drive over and stay for the weekend. W：Do they come over and visit you sometimes? M：Maybe only once a year now. They're both in poor health, so it's difficult for them to travel. 6．Who did the man go fishing with? A．The woman. B．His sister. C．His parents. 答案：B 7．How often does the man see his grandparents? A．About once a week. B．About every two months. C．About once a year. 答案：B 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 Text 7 W：Hey, Mike. Are you ready for the new term? M：I'm afraid not. You know I have been traveling all summer. By the way, when does the new term start, Lily? W：The day after tomorrow, August 29th. M：Only two days from now! And what are we supposed to bring to school on the first day? W：You don't remember? Your homework that you did over the summer vacation and the project paper. M：Oh, luckily. I have done both. What else? W：Nothing else to bring, but don't forget we're supposed to wear our school uniform on the first day. M：Ah, right. I need to wash my uniform today. I put them under my bed as the summer vacation began. W：Under your bed? I usually hang them behind my door. Oh, and I guess that the teacher will ask us to share something about how we spent the holidays, so finally, I suggest you should be prepared for that. M：Thanks for your advice. 8．What is the date today? A．August 25th. B．August 27th. C．August 29th. 答案：B 9．Where is Mike's uniform during the holiday? A．In his cupboard. B．Behind his door. C．Under his bed. 答案：C 10．What advice does Lily give Mike at last? A．Finishing his homework. B．Wearing school uniform. C．Preparing for the holiday sharing. 答案：C 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 Text 8 W：Wow! I can't believe you topped the class—99 points. M：Me neither. I didn't expect to come out first. W：You're a smart guy! You always get straight A's. M：Thanks. I guess it's just a gift. W：Sure is ... Such a pity I didn't get that gift. M：Well, I think you're pretty smart too. What's your score? W：I just got 62 points. This is terrible. I expected 70 at least. M：Well ... It's not a total failure you know. Just try harder next time. W：I failed! Man, my parents are going to be angry for this. M：Maybe that's the reason. You put too much pressure on you. Look, my bus is coming. I have to go now. Give me a call later, OK? 11．How can the man get high scores? A．By talent. B．By hard work. C．By a little pressure. 答案：A 12．How many points did the woman score? A．62. B．70. C．99. 答案：A 13．Where are the speakers? A．In an office. B．In a classroom. C．At a bus station. 答案：C 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 Text 9 W：Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today? M：There are a few stories about natural disasters. There is a big forest fire in Australia. It covers several square kilometers of land and has destroyed many more square kilometers. W：Was it caused accidentally or naturally? M：Nobody knows at the moment, but it has been very hot there recently. Sometimes it gets so hot that fires begin naturally in Australia and Africa. The drought in Africa is causing starvation. Millions of people have moved to try to find food. W：What is the international community doing to help? M：The European Union has sent several planes with relief supplies. Several countries have sent soldiers to provide food and medical supplies. Refugee camps have been set up across the region. W：How many countries have been affected? M：Six have been seriously affected, but the refugees are also moving to several surrounding countries. So far, less than 20 people have died, but over 100 are in hospital. 14．What natural disaster is mentioned in the conversation? A．An earthquake. B．A fire. C．A flood. 答案：B 15．Which area has been affected by the natural disaster? A．Europe. B．America. C．Australia. 答案：C 16．What has the international community done to help? A．It has sent planes and soldiers to provide help. B．It has set up some camps in the whole world. C．It has accepted millions of hungry people. 答案：A 17．How many people have died from the disaster? A．Only six. B．Less than twenty. C．Over one hundred. 答案：B 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 Text 10 Good morning, everyone. I'd like to talk about reading today. There are two things that you should do before reading a passage. One is to consider your reason for reading. Are you reading only for the pleasure? Or are you reading to search for some facts? Your purpose should decide how you read. Secondly, you should think about what the passage will tell you. What do you already know about that topic? This will help you to have a better understanding of the passage you are preparing to read. When you are ready to read, you should begin by skimming the passage, that is, read quickly through the passage. In doing so, you should pay attention to the title and note the key words. While skimming, you should always make a note of the topic sentence of each paragraph. The topic sentence often contains the main idea of the paragraph. Once skimming is done, you should read through the passage in more detail. 18．What is the first step before you read a passage? A．Thinking about what you will be reading. B．Searching for some facts about the text. C．Considering why you are reading. 答案：C 19．Why should you make notes of the topic sentence of a paragraph? A．It contains the main idea of the passage. B．It contains the keywords of the passage. C．It helps decide the title of the passage. 答案：A 20．What is the speaker mainly talking about? A．How to read a passage. B．How to skim a passage. C．What to read in a passage. 答案：A 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike. Neither does anyone know the impact it can have on life. The following measures can save your life in an emergency. Typhoon Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines, and Japan. The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a bathroom with no windows. A must­have device is a battery­powered weather radio, through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other cases, instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the weather situation. Flood Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically. They are usually caused by intense rainfall lasting for days. Don't try to be the bravest person around and stay in your house. Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container. Avalanche An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a dreamlike location. It is very fast and disastrous, burying everything in its way under tons of snow. When an avalanche starts, try to move to the side of the slope as fast as you can. If you get buried in the snow, dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing. Wait for the rescue team to find you and don't waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. Call out when you hear the team approaching. Wildfire Wildfires spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in their way. If you are caught in a wildfire, use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth to ensure that you can breathe. Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket, or soil until the fire passes. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在遇到自然灾害时的应急求生指南。 21．What should those trapped in flood probably do when they hear the evacuation orders? A．Bring an umbrella with them. B．Go to higher places. C．Call out for help loudly. D．Get a torch in case of a blackout. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的“Once you hear ... in a waterproof container.”可知，被困洪水中时，一旦听到疏散警告，要转移到更安全的高地。故选B。 22．Among the four natural disasters, which one requires people to run against the wind? A．Typhoon. B．Flood. C．Avalanche. D．Wildfire. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分中的“Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. (尽量始终站在野火的逆风处，并且靠近池塘或河流。)”可知，被野火所困时需要逆风逃生。故选D。 23．What do we know from the text? A．Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. B．Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned. C．Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they're trapped. D．Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires, despite the difficulty. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的“Floods occur more often ... the landscape dramatically.”可知，洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌。故选B。 B Two decades ago, Tropical Storm Allison hit Houston. More than 70，000 houses were flooded, including the home of Sarah Feldman and her family. At the time, they were in Connecticut on vacation, so they didn't know what kind of damage they were going to face when they got home to Texas. But then Feldman's grandparents called with bad news: all of her books had been destroyed in the flooding. Feldman was 14 at the time and loved reading. To cheer her up, Feldman's father took her to the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library at Yale University. When they arrived, she started a conversation with Bill Carver, a man who worked at the library. “I asked him a bunch of questions like, ‘How do you keep all these rare books? What's the oldest book you have？’” Feldman remembered. Carver answered all of Feldman's questions. When she told him about her books being destroyed, he told her that he would send her a book in the mail, so she could restart her collection. After returning to Houston, she received a gift from him, titled The Medieval Book by Barbara Shailor. Carver included a note that read： Dear Sarah， I have often thought of you and your family, and that terrible flood ... As promised, with the letter is a rather scholarly book, which may be slightly mature (成熟) for your age, but I thought it might help you shape your new library collection. And as the years progress, this book may grow in value to you. Have a happy holiday season. Wish you and your loved ones all the best. Yours， Bill Carver A lot has changed since Feldman received that book. Feldman is in her 30s now. She's married and has a dog. But Carver's gift has made a lifelong impact. “I'm interested in medieval art，” Feldman said. Feldman has tried to find Carver, but with no success. If she could speak to him today, she would like to tell him how much that small gesture meant to her. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Feldman (费尔德曼)童年因家中遭遇洪水失去全部藏书，后因图书馆工作人员Carver (卡弗)善意赠书对其产生深远影响的故事。 24．What happened to Feldman? A．She was stuck in a flood. B．She lost her books in a flood. C．She suffered the pain of losing her family. D．She had to cancel her vacation because of a flood. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But then Feldman's grandparents ... in the flooding.”可知，Feldman的藏书被洪水损坏了，即她失去了所有藏书。故选B。 25．How did Carver respond to Feldman's situation? A．He ignored her need. B．He mailed her a book. C．He lent her a collection of books. D．He asked her about her flood experience. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When she told him ... restart her collection.”可知，Carver给Feldman邮寄了一本书。故选B。 26．What can be learned about The Medieval Book? A．It is a cartoon book. B．It was suitable for Feldman. C．It has had a long­lasting effect on Feldman. D．It was gifted by Barbara Shailor to Feldman. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But Carver's gift has made a lifelong impact.”可知，这本书对Feldman产生了持久的影响。故选C。 27．Which of the following can best describe Carver? A．Elderly and intelligent. B．Creative and easy­going. C．Kind­hearted and helpful. D．Humorous and hard­working. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Carver answered all of Feldman's questions ... her collection.”和Carver所写的便签中的“I have often thought ... value to you.”可知，图书馆工作人员Carver解答了Feldman的问题，并送给她一本书，帮助她重启了藏书的习惯，便签中表达了对她的挂念及美好期许。由此可推知，Carver是一个善良且乐于助人的人。故选C。 C As most people know, in the past few years, sandstorms have swept across many cities and areas of North China, polluting the air and disturbing daily lives of human beings. People look dirty and suffer many kinds of illnesses, such as breathing difficulties. The sandstorm is such a serious problem that it has not only undermined China's the industrial and agricultural development but also caused a lot of trouble to the living conditions of the Chinese people. It is expected that effective measures should be taken as soon as possible. So what should we do with the frightening sandstorms? Some experts put forward practical suggestions as follows: For one thing, more funds ought to be put into tree planting and forest protection so as to keep more water resources within the surface of the earth. For another, governments of the country should make laws on environmental protection. For example, banning the use of throw­away chopsticks and punishing illegal tree cutting. Scientists should also find ways to lower the severity of its destruction and to improve the whole environment. How people look forward to sunny days with little wind touching their faces now and forever! Nevertheless, I am fully confident that the golden days can come back so long as everyone tries his best to protect the natural environment from today on. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沙尘暴对我国的工农业和人们的生活造成的影响，以及专家们对治理沙尘暴提出的建议。 28．The underlined word “undermined” in Paragraph 1 means “________”． A．weakened B．encouraged C．kept D．made 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“The sandstorm is such a serious problem ... of the Chinese people.”可知，沙尘暴问题严重，给中国人民的生活带来了许多麻烦。由此可推知，沙尘暴会削弱工业和农业的发展，画线词意为“削弱”。故选A。 29．From the first paragraph, we can infer that________． A.China has taken no measures to prevent sandstorms B．more sandstorms will happen in the near future in North China C．the sandstorm is the most dangerous natural disaster to human beings D．sandstorms can cause much damage to human beings and their daily lives 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As most people know ... such as breathing difficulties.”可知，在过去几年里，沙尘暴席卷了中国北方的许多城市和地区，污染了空气，扰乱了人类的日常生活，人们也患上了多种疾病。由此可推知，沙尘暴对人类及其日常生活造成严重损害。故选D。 30．How many aspects do some experts put forward to fight against sandstorm in the article? A．5. B．4. C．3. D．2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，专家提出从三个方面来应对可怕的沙尘暴：一方面，投入更多的资金用于植树造林和森林保护。另一方面，政府应制定环境保护法。最后，科学家们还应找到降低其破坏程度和改善整个环境的方法。故选C。 31．What's the author's attitude towards the situation to sandstorms' problems? A．Unconfident. B．Hopeful. C．Curious. D．Unclear. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless, I am fully confident ... from today on.”可推知，作者对解决沙尘暴问题是充满希望的。故选B。 D As water levels rise, causing severe erosion, many coastal Puerto Ricans are left watching their homes fall into the sea. A small software company in Puerto Rico called Terra Firma, founded in 2019 by island native Alejandro Mieses, is using satellite data to forecast accurate erosion pain points that might help Puerto Rican city planners better protect their island. Terra Firma is dealing with the challenge of scattered (分散的) environmental data by creating a single database. Their user­friendly software allows scientists, construction professionals, and government agencies to model and predict environmental risks accurately. Similar to a powerful Google Maps, the software collects data from 1941 to the present, enabling users to predict erosion, landslides, flooding, solar exposure, and wind­related risks for up to 30 years. This technology, once only available to well­funded projects, is now helping communities and individuals to protect their land. Since Hurricane Maria in 2017, Puerto Rico has focused on rebuilding a stronger island. With Terra Firma's predictive data on flooding and erosion, city planners can better prepare for severe weather events. One organization collaborating with Terra Firma is Blue Tide, a non­governmental group devoted to oceanic research and promoting the Blue Economy. After Hurricane Maria damaged coral reefs important for coastline protection, Blue Tide asked Terra Firma to design 3D­printed tiles. These unique tiles, made of clay, will help prevent erosion during future storms. They are shaped like cylinders (圆柱体), creating a nesting space for young coral, and over the next ten years, the clay is expected to dissolve (溶解), forming a complete organic coral reef. This innovative approach aims to help Puerto Rico deal with erosion caused by storms, and Terra Firma plans to come up with more solutions as weather events get worse. According to Mieses, Terra Firma gives hope to Puerto Rico, which often faces hurricanes, by providing insights to better prepare for future storms and protect important infrastructure. Currently, Terra Firma operates only in Puerto Rico, but it hopes to expand to the southern United States in the next few years. Its work shows how technology can help deal with the effects of climate change on vulnerable coastal communities. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Terra Firma软件公司如何使用卫星数据来预测环境风险，以及Terra Firma与Blue Tide的合作和创新解决方案。 32．What do we know about Terra Firma's software? A．It depends on Google Maps. B．It helps predict possible risks. C．It is used only by governmental groups. D．It demands specialized technical knowledge. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Terra Firma ... risks accurately.”可知，Terra Firma的软件助力科学家、建筑专业人员和政府机构准确建模和预测环境风险。故选B。 33．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Terra Firma's latest product. B．Terra Firma's expansion plans. C．Terra Firma's promising future. D．Terra Firma's partnership with Blue Tide. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“One organization collaborating ... during future storms.(与Terra Firma合作的一个组织是Blue Tide，该组织是一个致力于海洋研究和推广蓝色经济的非政府组织。在玛丽亚飓风破坏了对海岸线保护很重要的珊瑚礁之后，Blue Tide要求Terra Firma设计3D打印瓷砖。这些由黏土制成的独特瓷砖，将有助于防止未来风暴的侵蚀。)”可知，本段主要介绍Terra Firma与Blue Tide合作的情况：开发3D打印瓷砖来预防风暴的侵蚀。故选D。 34．What does the underlined word “innovative” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A．Creative. B．Ordinary. C．Traditional. D．Official. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“After Hurricane Maria damaged coral reefs ... forming a complete organic coral reef.”可知，Blue Tide和Terra Firma合作制作出独有的瓷砖来预防风暴的侵蚀，由此可推知，innovative意为“创新的”。故选A。 35．What is the purpose of the text? A．To entertain. B．To persuade. C．To inform. D．To relate. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Terra Firma软件公司如何使用卫星数据来预测环境风险，以及Terra Firma与Blue Tide的合作和创新解决方案。由此可推知，本文旨在传递科技赋能环保的信息价值。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A tsunami is an extremely large wave in the sea caused by an earthquake at the sea bed. The following safety tips may help you deal with it. Before the tsunami Know the warning signs of a tsunami: rapidly rising or falling coastal waters, a loud noise from the ocean, or rumblings of an earthquake. “If people along the Indian Ocean coastline on December 26, 2004, were aware of these natural warnings, fewer people would have died.” says an expert. __36__ And you'd better map your evacuation (疏散) route. During the tsunami •If you're in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake, first drop to the floor, cover your head and neck, and hold on to something stable. __37__ •__38__ “Listen to the authorities, but do not wait for tsunami warnings and evacuation orders，” suggests the US site Ready.gov. •People often mistake the distance they have to go to be safe. “Many people think they've got to go miles，” Richards says. “__39__” If you're a visitor staying in a tall concrete hotel, he adds, going above the fourth floor will likely be safer than evacuating. •Stay put in a safe area until an official all­clear is given. The first wave may not be the last or the strongest and the danger can last for hours or even days. After the tsunami First, stay clear of damaged or flooded areas and downed power lines. Meanwhile, listen for further alerts and instructions about evacuation zones and shelters. __40__ Phone systems are likely to be down or busy at that time. A．But it might be just right behind Johnny's house. B．But they can also come back as soon as possible. C．If you're in a low­lying area, move inland as soon as possible. D．Take the warnings seriously, and strictly follow the requirements. E．Listen for official warnings, but also listen and watch for natural signs. F.Besides, you should be familiar with your government's warning system. G.You'd better use texts and social media to communicate with loved ones. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海啸发生前、发生时与灾后的科学避险指南。 36．答案：F 解析：前文“If people ... says an expert.(一位专家表示：‘如果2004年12月26日印度洋沿岸的人们能意识到这些自然征兆，死亡人数就会减少。’)”举例说明了了解自然征兆的重要性，F项(此外，你应该熟悉政府的预警系统。)承接前文，与前文并列说明海啸前应了解的信息。故选F。 37．答案：C 解析：前文“If you're in a tsunami area ... something stable.(如果你在海啸地区，并且发生了地震，立即伏地，护住头颈，抓紧稳固物体。)”介绍了在发生地震的海啸地区应该采取的措施，C项(如果身处低洼地带，立即向内陆转移。)说明在其他地方应采取的措施，符合语境。故选C。 38．答案：E 解析：根据后文“Listen to the authorities ... evacuation orders(遵从官方指令，但切勿被动等待海啸警报和疏散命令)”及常识可知，设空处应说明不能只关注官方的警报，还要注意其他征兆。E项(留意官方警报，但也要倾听同时密切注意自然征兆。)符合语境。故选E。 39．答案：A 解析：前文“People often mistake the distance ... Richards says.”提到人们经常误以为自己要走很远才能到安全地带，A项(但它可能就在Johnny (约翰尼)家屋后。)与上文构成转折关系，说明真实的情况可能与其相反。故选A。 40．答案：G 解析：后文“Phone systems are likely to be down or busy at that time.”提到海啸之后电话系统可能有故障或者线路繁忙，G项(你最好使用短信和社交媒体与亲友联系。)引出后文，与后文构成因果关系。故选G。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Fifteen years ago, an earthquake in Turkey hit the school where William Jefferson studied and he was buried in the ruins. He was __41__ after 24 hours, but his legs, severely injured, had to be __42__. At first, William was __43__ and didn't want to talk to anyone. Later with his parents' support, William had the courage to spend the following five months in __44__ and learned how to get around with his prosthetic (义肢) legs. __45__ his prosthetic legs, William regained the ability to walk. Then he was able to return to school. With __46__ grades, he got admitted to Ankara University. Later, he __47__ his master's degree with straight A's and began to work at an educational organization. In his spare time, William __48__ videos on social media about his life and received many __49__ from other disabled people. They wondered how he could walk so well. That was when it occurred to William that he could make a contribution by helping those __50__ to find suitable prosthetic legs and train them to walk __51__ again. So he found a job as a doctor studying in prosthetic recovery. It __52__ William to see disabled people unable to get out of their homes because they cannot move freely or fear being looked at. This is what __53__ his work with recovery. “I hope that one day when we walk down the street with prosthetic legs, we are not treated __54__，” said William. “I plan to continue helping more people with __55__ to be less disabled, to move more freely and enjoy life in the way they want.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了William Jefferson (威廉·杰斐逊)在地震中失去双腿，从消沉到积极面对生活的励志故事。他通过社交媒体分享经历，激励了很多残障人士，并致力于帮助他人适配义肢、改善生活，传递坚韧与希望的力量。 41．A.investigated B．saved C．taken D．trapped 答案：B 解析：根据后文“William had the courage ... his prosthetic (义肢) legs”可知，此处是指24小时后William得救了。故选B。 42．A.cut off B．watched over C．looked into D．checked out 答案：A 解析：cut off切断；watch over照看；look into调查；check out结账离开。根据前文“his legs, severely injured”可知，此处是指地震重伤后需截肢保命，因此他不得不截肢。故选A。 43．A.traditional B．curious C．hopeless D．unique 答案：C 解析：traditional传统的；curious好奇的；hopeless绝望的；unique独特的。根据后文“and didn't want to talk to anyone”可知，William很绝望。故选C。 44．A.recovery B．concern C．sadness D．adventure 答案：A 解析：recovery恢复；concern担忧；sadness悲伤；adventure冒险。根据后文“and learned how to get around with his prosthetic (义肢) legs”可知，此处是指他鼓起勇气在接下来的五个月里进行康复。故选A。 45．A.In spite of B．Except for C．Thanks to D．Instead of 答案：C 解析：in spite of尽管；except for除了；thanks to多亏；instead of而不是。根据后文“William regained the ability to walk”可知，此处是指多亏了他的义肢，William恢复了行动的能力。故选C。 46．A.limited B．meaningful C．alarming D．excellent 答案：D 解析：limited有限的；meaningful有意义的；alarming令人惊慌的；excellent优秀的。根据后文“he got admitted to Ankara University”可知，此处是指由于成绩优异，他被安卡拉大学录取了。故选D。 47．A.delivered B．created C．registered D．obtained 答案：D 解析：deliver递送；create创造；register注册；obtain获得。根据后文“his master's degree ... work at an educational organization”可知，此处是指他获得硕士学位。故选D。 48．A.posted B．admired C．revised D．exchanged 答案：A 解析：post发布；admire钦佩；revise修改；exchange交换。根据后文“videos on social media about his life”可知，此处是指他在社交媒体上发布了关于自己生活的视频。故选A。 49．A.secrets B．comments C．suggestions D．demands 答案：B 解析：secret秘密；comment评论；suggestion建议；demand要求。根据前文“William __48__ videos on social media about his life”和后文“They wondered how he could walk so well.”可知，William在社交媒体上发布了关于自己生活的视频，有人好奇他怎样做到行动自如，所以此处是指他收到了许多其他残疾人的评论。故选B。 50．A.in need B．on guard C．in shock D．on duty 答案：A 解析：in need有需要的；on guard警惕的，警觉的；in shock处于震惊状态；on duty当值的。根据后文“to find suitable prosthetic legs”可知，此处是指帮助那些需要帮助的残障群体找到合适的义肢。故选A。 51．A.immediately B．freely C．effectively D．patiently 答案：B 解析：immediately立即；freely自由地；effectively有效地；patiently耐心地。根据后文“because they cannot move freely”可知，此处是指训练他们再次自由地行走。故选B。 52．A.reminds B．amazes C．pains D．challenges 答案：C 解析：remind提醒；amaze使惊奇；pain使痛苦；challenge挑战。根据后文“to see disabled people ... fear being looked at”可知，此处是指看到不能自由行动或害怕被人注视的残疾人无法走出家门让William感到痛苦。故选C。 53．A.stops B．disturbs C．drives D．honors 答案：C 解析：stop阻止；disturb打扰；drive驱动；honor尊敬。根据后文“his work with recovery”可知，帮助残疾人自由行动就是他工作的动力。故选C。 54．A.normally B．equally C．formally D．differently 答案：D 解析：normally正常地；equally平等地；formally正式地；differently不同地。根据前文“one day when we walk down the street with prosthetic legs, we are not treated”可知，此处是指不会受到区别对待。故选D。 55．A.experiences B．strengths C．efforts D．disabilities 答案：D 解析：experience经历；strength优点；effort努力；disability残疾。根据后文“to be less disabled”可知，此处是指帮助更多的残疾人。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese New Year is now widely known __56__ the Spring Festival because it starts at the beginning of Spring. __57__ (it) origin (起源) is too old to be known. Several explanations are hanging around. But all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means “year”， was __58__ (original) the name of a monster beast __59__ started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year. One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very __60__ (frighten). One day, __61__ old man came to help them, offering to subdue Nian. He told people __62__ (put) up red paper decorations on their windows and __63__ (door) at each year's end to scare away Nian in case it came back again, because red was the color the beast feared the most. Today, the custom of putting up red paper and setting off fire­crackers __64__ (be) still around. However, people have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the __65__ (excite) of the celebration. 56．______　57.______　58.______　59.______ 60．______　61.______　62.______　63.______ 64．______　65.______ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“年”的传说和春节习俗的由来。 56．答案：as 解析：考查介词。固定搭配be known as意为“被称为”。故填as。 57．答案：Its 解析：考查代词。此处是指春节的起源，所以应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，作定语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Its。 58．答案：originally 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰系动词was，应用副词作状语，表示“最初”。故填originally。 59．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a monster beast，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 60．答案：frightened 解析：考查词性转换。此处是指人们感到恐惧，应用形容词frightened表示人的感受，意为“恐惧的”，作表语。故填frightened。 61．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。man为可数名词，此处old man第一次出现，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且old的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 62．答案：to put 解析：考查非谓语动词。tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to put。 63．答案：doors 解析：考查名词。door为可数名词，根据windows可知，应用复数。故填doors。 64．答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Today可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语custom为单数。故填is。 65．答案：excitement 解析：考查词性转换。设空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词，excitement “兴奋”，为不可数名词。故填excitement。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 因为连日大雨，你所在的城市发生水灾，你是学校一名小记者，请你用英语向校刊写一则报道。主要内容包括： 1．水灾发生的原因； 2．水灾造成的危害； 3．灾后情况。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] A flood struck our city because it had been raining heavily for several days. As people received the warning message ahead of time, none of them were stuck in the flood. And what's the most significant is that no people were injured or killed. But it caused the traffic to stop for a few hours and destroyed power facilities, cutting off the electricity supply in some areas, which influenced people's daily life. After the flood, people all took action. Generous people made donations to those who are in need. With strong support from the local government and the joint efforts of local people, now everything has returned to normal. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Peter must be dancing, shaking the whole room. I sat up suddenly and shouted out to my little brother above me, “Stop shaking the bed, would you？” In the meantime, he was saying, “It's not me. It's you.” Seconds later, Mum rushed into our room with an extra worried face and a crying baby in her arms, screaming to us to run out of the house. By then I found things were flying everywhere. The room was shaking like a “jelly”. The bookshelf fell on the ground. “What's happening？” I was thinking. Peter was too scared to move. All of a sudden, I completely woke up and realized what was going on was the first earthquake I had ever experienced in my life. I grabbed a blanket from the bed, dragged Peter down, and left on foot in a flash. In a second, I was shirtless and shoeless in the street with my neighbors, being thrown back and forth by the ground that seemed to turn to liquid. The tremble I felt from beneath the earth was like a truck passing or the subway moving underneath. The house swung and twisted as if it were made of paper. As we all stood in the street, some tried to call their family and friends but the networks broke down, and they couldn't get through to anyone. People were hugging each other, anxiously trying to reach their loved ones or weeping in panic. The chaos and noise kept growing when we sensed the smell of gas floating in the air. A woman in the crowd pointed to the front gate of a small house with a courtyard and a gated entrance. Obviously, it was close to collapsing, as glass and pieces of concrete rained down on the sidewalk.“Shut the gas and turn off the electricity. There's a leak！” shouted the woman. It was our house. Mom must have been cooking just then and forgot the gas when the earthquake struck. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 No time to hesitate, I hurried back in, leaving Mom and Peter frozen where they were.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 When I came out and joined my family, everything seemed to stop shaking.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遭遇第一次地震的经历。人们跑到街上，网络中断，到处一片混乱，作者家的煤气没有关，随时有可能发生爆炸。作者匆匆返回家关闭煤气，作者能成功吗？城市生活会恢复正常吗？ [精彩范文] No time to hesitate, I hurried back in, leaving Mom and Peter frozen where they were. I tried to open the front door of the house, but some construction material had fallen across the door. It was blocked. I could smell the gas leaking into the air. I ran back outside to the courtyard, climbing over the fence into the neighbor's house. I knew the shared roof would be the only way to enter my house. Through the windows, I managed to get to our kitchen. The smell of gas had lifted. The floor was covered with dusty fragments of dishes and bowls. I reached the gas can, twisted the knob to close it and lifted it to an upright position. When I came out and joined my family, everything seemed to stop shaking. Though the destruction everywhere I looked at seemed to get worse, the police struggled to establish some order. Ambulances stood by several hospitals where the patients were being moved out into the street in wheelchairs. To our relief, power came back, and everyone was finally able to reach their family and began to check in with friends. With our common efforts, the city began to breathe again. 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $