UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 纯话题阅读-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册作业与测评全书Word（人教版）

英语　必修·第一册[人教版]作业与测评 经验贴24　标准卷中4篇阅读题常规细节题7个、主旨大意题1个、推理判断题6个、词义猜测题1个。 It was December 27th, 2004 in Malaysia. People were in a holiday mood for various reasons. It was the day after Christmas, a Sunday. On Penang Island, hotels were fully­booked by holiday­makers from home and abroad. The Dillon family had come all the way from Europe to shelter from the coldness of winter. They were up early to swim in the sea and eat a late breakfast in the Crystal Restaurant on Fisherman's Pier. While enjoying their Asian breakfast in a room facing the water, Mr and Mrs Dillon saw a strange sight through the glass windows. People on the beach were pointing at the sea which was crashing quickly into the horizon. Some were excitedly picking up shells and fish that had been exposed when a Japanese man at the next table shouted “Tsunami! Tsunami！”. He jumped from his seat, waving wildly to everyone else, and rushed for the exit. The couple sensed that they were in danger. Suddenly a huge wall of water came crashing through the restaurant windows, knocking over everyone. The couple held their son's hands. However, the boy's little hand slid out of his parents and the waves tossed him forcefully, leaving him in danger. Luckily, when his head was seen rising above the water, he was pulled up in time. Just as forcefully, the waves pulled back, breaking whatever it could. Fortunately, everyone had run onto drier ground. They rushed out to the street, shaken by the tsunami. The shocked boy burst into tears. Everyone shook with fear. The deadly tsunami of 27th December 2004 killed more than 60 people in Malaysia. Its force was most destructive in northern Sumatra, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and India. There were also deaths in Somalia, the Maldives, and Myanmar. Altogether, about a quarter of a million people were killed, thousands went missing, and more than half a million lost their homes. Never has a natural disaster traumatized (使受创伤) so many nations. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2004年12月27日的致命海啸发生的场景及造成的损失。 1．Why did the Dillon family come to Malaysia? A．To avoid winter coldness in Europe. B．To taste food in the Crystal Restaurant. C．To swim in the sea on Fisherman's Pier. D．To celebrate Christmas with Malaysians. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Dillon family had come all the way from Europe to shelter from the coldness of winter.”可知，Dillon(狄龙)一家来马来西亚是为了躲避欧洲冬天的寒冷。故选A。 2．What made the Dillons realize the coming danger? A．The crashing sea waves. B．The exposed shells and fish. C．The sea view through windows. D．The Japanese's unusual behavior. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。第二段描述了一个日本人突然大喊“海啸！”并提醒大家危险，这一异常行为让Dillon一家意识到即将到来的危险。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “tossed” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Left alone. B．Threw upward. C．Moved up and down. D．Wetted all over. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Suddenly a huge wall ... knocking over everyone.(突然，一堵巨大的水墙从餐馆的窗户冲了进来，把所有人都撞倒了。)”及“Luckily, when his head ... pulled up in time.(幸运的是，当他的头露出水面时，他被及时拉了上来。)”可知，海浪将孩子卷入水中。由此可知，画线词tossed与threw upward(向上扔)意思一致。故选B。 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Warning signs of the tsunami. B．Terrible effects of the tsunami. C．Great efforts to fight the tsunami. D．Surviving countries after the tsunami. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。最后一段通过具体数据(如25万人丧生，上千人失踪，50多万人无家可归)和受灾范围(苏门答腊、泰国、斯里兰卡等国)可知，最后一段主要强调了海啸所带来的严重影响。故选B。 Do you know how to prepare for and survive a major earthquake? According to the Department of Conservation scientists, it is important to have the right answer to that question. How to Be Prepared Electricity, water, gas and telephones may not be working after an earthquake. The police and fire departments are likely to be tied up. You should be prepared to fend for yourself for at least three days, preferably for a week. You'll need food, water and so on. It's also a good idea to decide ahead of time how and where your family will reunite if separated during a quake. You might choose an out­of­the­area friend or relative that family members can call to check on you. If you're indoors, stay there. Get under a desk or table. The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot. If you're in an office building, stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator. If you're outside, get into the open. Stay clear of buildings, power lines or anything else that could fall on you. If you're driving, move the car out of traffic and stop. Avoid parking under or on bridges or overpasses. After an Earthquake Check for fire. If you smell gas, shut off the main gas valve (阀). If there's sign of damage to electrical wiring, shut off the power at the control box. If the phone is working, only use it in case of emergency. Avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles. Be careful that things may fall out of cupboards when the door is opened, and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with just a touch. Listen to the radio for important information and instructions. Remember that aftershocks, sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right, generally follow large quakes. If you leave home, leave a message telling your friends and family your location. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震发生前的准备措施；地震发生时的应对策略以及地震后的安全注意事项。 5．What is advised to do before an earthquake? A．Making a date with your family the way of reuniting. B．Preparing enough food for more than a week. C．Making sure of your telephones in hand. D．Calling your distant relatives to help. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's also a good idea ... during a quake.”可知，在地震发生前，你要提前制定与家人重聚的计划。故选A。 6．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Never drive when in earthquake. B．Keep calm when in earthquake. C．Never run away when in earthquake. D．Do and don't when in earthquake. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段“If you're indoors ... or overpasses.(如果你在室内，就待在那里。躲在桌子下面。厨房是一个特别危险的地方。如果你在办公楼内，远离窗户和外墙，不要使用电梯。如果你在室外，请走到空旷处。远离建筑物、电线或任何可能砸到你的东西。如果你在开车，把车驶出车流并停车。避免在桥下或桥上停车。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了地震时该做与不该做的事情。故选D。 7．Why is asked to close the main valves and control boxes? A．To reduce the resources. B．To avoid the possible fire. C．To better the environment. D．To avoid the outbreak of earthquake. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Check for fire ... at the control box.(检查是否起火。如果你闻到煤气味，关闭煤气总阀。如果有电线损坏的迹象，请关闭控制箱的电源。)”可知，关闭主阀门和控制箱是为了避免火灾的发生。故选B。 8．What will we do after an earthquake? A．It's a good idea to drive to a safe place. B．Stay near a door to protect you. C．Get hold of the latest information. D．Call everyone to help you. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Listen to the radio for important information and instructions.(收听收音机，了解重要信息和指示。)”可知，地震后我们要掌握最新的信息。故选C。 On Wednesday morning—less than six hours before Hurricane Ian made landfall—Kevin Ott and one of his sons went to Fort Myers Beach to check out conditions. Water started rushing in, two to three inches in a minute, forcing a retreat (撤退) to Ott's home in San Carlos Park, about five miles east of Fort Myers Beach. On the way, he called his children's maternal grandmother, Mary Ann Dineen, and asked if she wanted him to come and help her. No, Dineen told him. She had “everything she needed to ride this thing out”． Things were fine at her place. She was having breakfast as usual. They hung up. A little while later, Ott decided to drive five miles south to his boat shop. After they got there, Dineen started calling. “Things are getting bad. I think you need to come down here，” she told him. Ott got into his car with three of his kids and started driving to Dineen's house. Before leaving, he fixed a boat to the back of his car. He took the boat toward Dineen's place and got as close as he could. They'd have to go the final 1.5 miles by boat. They met a man in a broken­down boat on the way. He had been trying to rescue his neighbors when his boat gave out, he told Ott. Together, they found his neighbors, one of whom was an old man “just about on his last breath”. They kept going and met many people in need of help. Ott was about to tell a couple that he couldn't take them, but as he looked closer, he saw the mother was holding a baby wearing a life jacket. “I'm like, ‘We cannot leave these people，’” said Ott. Ott finally got to Dineen's and rescued her. They went back and reached Ott's car. One of his sons dropped everyone off at a hotel. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在飓风伊恩登陆前六小时，Kevin Ott (凯文·奥特)和儿子在去外祖母家的路上与一个邻居救助其他几位邻居的故事。 9．What did Ott do before Ian arrived? A．He talked with his friends in his boat shop. B．He played with his children in San Carlos Park. C.He helped his children's grandmother move house. D．He went to Fort Myers Beach to keep watch on the situation. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On Wednesday ... check out conditions.”可知，在飓风伊恩登陆前，Kevin Ott前往迈尔斯堡海滩查看情况。故选D。 10．Why did Dineen call Ott? A．To ask him for help. B．To invite him for breakfast. C．To express her thanks to him. D．To give him some safety advice. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After they ... she told him.(他们到达那里之后，Dineen (迪宁)开始打电话来。‘情况变得越来越糟糕了。我想你需要来到这里。’她告诉他。)”可知，Dineen给Ott打电话是因为情况变得越来越糟糕，她需要帮助。故选A。 11．How did Ott help the man in the broken­down boat? A．He repaired his boat. B．He rescued his neighbors. C．He sent his wife and baby home. D．He provided him with medical treatment. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“They met a man ... his last breath’．(途中，他们遇到了一个船抛锚的人。他告诉Ott，他当时正试图营救他的邻居，结果船坏了。他们一起找到了他的邻居，其中一位老人‘奄奄一息’。)”可推知，Ott和那个船抛锚的人一起帮助了那些邻居。故选B。 12．Which of the following best describes Ott? A．Quiet and shy. B．Proud and confident. C．Brave and warm­hearted. D．Humorous and forward­looking. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Ott was about to tell ... said Ott.(Ott正要告诉一对夫妇，他不能带他们一起走，但当他走近一看，他看到那位母亲正抱着一个穿着救生衣的婴儿。Ott说道：‘我想，我不能丢下这些人。’)”可推知，Ott是一个热心肠的人；根据最后一段中的“Ott finally got to Dineen's and rescued her.(Ott最终来到Dineen的家里，把她救了出来。)”可推知，Ott是一个勇敢的人。故选C。 Over the last two days in December, nearly 30 tornadoes caused great damage across six states—from Arkansas in the south to Illinois in the Midwest. More than 100 tornado warnings were issued—the most ever for a day. The tornado in Kentucky caused at least 50 people's deaths, which was described as the worst in this state's history. As one of the largest countries in the world, the United States is also one of the most geographically various countries—from deserts to forests to miles of coast line. While this comes with many advantages, it unfortunately leaves the country easily damaged by all kinds of natural disasters. Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters. The west coast is at risk of wildfires, earthquakes, and even volcanic eruptions. The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes, and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year. Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods, and these are the worst floods in American history. The governments reviewed the weather event in each state's history that caused the highest number of deaths to determine the worst natural disaster in every state. Thanks to their location and geographic research, some states could prepare ahead of time to avoid mass casualty (重大伤亡的) weather events. However, many other parts of the country have been less fortunate, experiencing massive storms and floods. Many such events, like the 1900 hurricane that hit Galveston of Texas, killed so many people that it was impossible to get an exact number of final deaths, especially during that time. American weather continues to become more changeable. In 2018, there were 14 weather events that caused over $1 billion in damage. And in many parts of the country, these weather events could become even more destructive (毁灭性的) because of global warming. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于美国地理多样化，不同地区每年遭受着不同的自然灾害。 13．What do we know from the figures in Paragraph 1? A．Less and less natural disasters hit America. B．Tornadoes were the least threat to Americans. C．The tornado in Kentucky was the worst in the world. D．America suffered from serious natural disasters. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over the last two days ... in the Midwest.(12月的最后两天，从南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利诺伊州，近30场龙卷风在六个州造成了严重破坏。)”可知，遭遇了严重的自然灾害。故选D。 14．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The worst floods in American history. B．The earthquakes in the west coast of US. C．The natural disasters in different parts of US. D．The hurricanes along the east coast of US. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.”以及下文列举的不同地区发生的自然灾害可知，第三段主要讲述了美国不同的地区面临着不同的自然灾害。故选C。 15．Which of the following can best describe America's weather in the future? A．Controllable. B．Worrying. C．Unchangeable. D．Pleasant. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，美国的天气多变，而且很多地区在未来由于气候变暖，这些天气事件可能会变得更加具有毁灭性。由此可推知，美国未来的天气令人担忧。故选B。 16．What may be the best title for the text? A．Common Natural Disasters in the US B．A Weather Report from the US C．Tornadoes Causing Great Damage D．A Serious Tornado in Kentucky 答案：A 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了由于美国地理多样化，不同地区每年遭受着不同的自然灾害。A项(美国常见的自然灾害)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $