Unit 6 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册作业与测评全书Word（外研版）

英语　必修·第二册　作业与测评(外研) Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 作业1　课内落实作业 Ⅰ　语境填词 1．Saving ________ (电) is an important way to protect the environment. 答案：electricity 2．They measured the ________ (数量) of pollution in the river last week. 答案：amount 3．The store sells a wide range of household ________ (家用电器)． 答案：appliances 4．The environmental group ________ (敦促) everyone to protect wildlife. 答案：urges 5．The school r________ the damaged books from the library last Friday. 答案：removed 6．We should encourage students to c________ their ideas in class. 答案：contribute 7．The a________ temperature in this city in summer is around 30 degrees Celsius. 答案：average 8．The charity organization ran a fundraising c________ last month. 答案：campaign Ⅱ　语法填空 1．She removed the book ________ the shelf. 答案：from 2．Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, ________ mistake them for food. 答案：which 3．When planning a trip, you should take ________ account the weather conditions of your destination. 答案：into 4．The environmental organization is urging people ________ (reduce) their carbon footprint by using public transportation more often. 答案：to reduce 5．We should be ________ (concern) for those who are less fortunate. 答案：concerned 6．These small mistakes may amount ________ serious problems in the long run. 答案：to 7．Her hard work contributed ________ the success of the project. 答案：to 8．The strong wind made many trees in the park ________ (damage) severely. 答案：damaged Ⅲ　选词填空 canteen, urge, break down, leak, amount, concerned 1．The gas pipe ____________. We need to call a repairman immediately. 答案：is leaking 2．The area has received large ________ of rainfall this year. 答案：amounts 3．He had a(n) ________ to travel the world and experience different cultures. 答案：urge 4．They showed their ________ for the environment by participating in the tree­planting activity. 答案：concern 5．She ____________ under the great pressure of work, so she decided to take a long vacation to relax herself. 答案：broke down Ⅳ　完成表达 1．每位志愿者都希望为改善环境做出贡献。 Each volunteer hopes to ________________________________． 答案：make contributions to improving the environment 2．就我而言，忙碌一天后，读书是最好的放松方式。 ________________________， reading books is the best way to relax after a busy day. 答案：As far as I'm concerned 3．制作一个纸袋所消耗的能源是制作一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量则高达三倍之多。 Making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times ________________ water. 答案：the amount of 4．考虑到他繁忙的日程安排，我们应该尽量在更方便的时间与他见面。 ________________ his busy schedule, we should try to meet him at a more convenient time. 答案：Taking into account 5．我们中的大多数人更喜欢在假期旅行。 ________________ us prefer to travel during holidays. 答案：The majority of Ⅴ　完形填空 Nowadays, environmental problems have become a global concern. As we all know, our environment is facing many challenges, and everyone should contribute to solving these problems.For example, in many big cities, __1__ covers the sky for days, making it hard for people to __2__. This __3__ how urgent environmental protection is. Firstly, a large __4__ of waste is produced every day. The __5__ of people throw away used products or packaging without thinking twice. This not only __6__ the land but also harms wildlife. Turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish and eat them, which can __7__ to their death. To __8__ this problem, we should recycle more and reduce waste production. Secondly, many factories __9__ harmful chemicals into rivers and air, which is a major __10__ to our health. We should __11__ these factories to take action to stop pollution. In some countries, factories are required to treat their waste water thoroughly before pouring it into rivers, and we can __12__ from them. In our daily life, we can also do a lot. The __13__ person consumes a large amount of electricity. We can save electricity by turning off lights and unused devices. Besides, we should be more __14__ about the environment. Don't believe false information that says environmental problems are not serious. We can spread the truth by sharing environmental facts on social media with our friends and family. In conclusion, environmental protection is not just a __15__. It requires everyone's effort. If we all take action now, we can make a difference and create a better future for ourselves and the next generation. Let's start today, and every small step counts! 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了当前环境问题已成为全球焦点，垃圾、工厂污染等威胁环境与健康，强调每个人需通过日常行动参与环保，呼吁大家共同行动，创造美好未来。 1．A.rain B．snow C．smog D．cloud 答案：C 解析：前文提到环境问题，后文提到“making it hard for people to”，分析前后文并结合实际情况可知，大城市中连续几天笼罩天空且影响人们生活的应该是雾霾。故选C。 2．A.walk B．breathe C．see D．hear 答案：B 解析：根据前文可知，雾霾出现时，最直接的影响就是空气质量下降，导致人们难以呼吸。故选B。 3．A.shows B．hides C．forgets D．changes 答案：A 解析：前文描述的雾霾现象是在表明环境保护的紧迫性。故选A。 4．A.number B．piece C．amount D．part 答案：C 解析：a large amount of是固定短语，用于修饰不可数名词“waste(垃圾)”，表示“大量的”。a number of修饰可数名词复数。故选C。 5．A.few B．minority C．most D．majority 答案：D 解析：the majority of表示“大多数”，与后文“throw away ... without thinking twice(不假思索地扔掉……)”相呼应，说明大多数人有这样的行为。most若表示“大多数”，后面需加of，且前面不加the，即“most of”。故选D。 6．A.cleans B．pollutes C．waters D．protects 答案：B 解析：根据常识及后文“but also harms wildlife”可知，此处应为负面影响，即垃圾会对土地造成污染。故选B。 7．A.lead B．refer C．turn D．point 答案：A 解析：句意：海龟常常把塑料袋错当成水母并吞食，这会导致它们死亡。lead to是固定搭配，意为“导致”。故选A。 8．A.move B．remove C．solve D．find 答案：C 解析：前文提到垃圾污染等问题，后文提到“recycle more and reduce waste production(更多地回收利用并减少垃圾产生)”是为了解决这个问题。故选C。 9．A.take B．leak C．bring D．carry 答案：B 解析：根据常识可知，工厂是“leak(泄漏)”有害化学物质到河流和空气中，从而造成污染。故选B。 10．A.threat B．help C．support D．benefit 答案：A 解析：根据前文可知，工厂泄漏有害化学物质，这对我们的健康是一种“threat(威胁)”。故选A。 11．A.stop B．urge C．allow D．ask 答案：B 解析：根据前文“We should”及后文“to take action to stop pollution”可知，面对工厂污染问题，我们应该“urge(敦促)”工厂采取行动停止污染。ask(要求)语气不如urge强烈，urge更能体现紧迫性。故选B。 12．A.borrow B．learn C．keep D．follow 答案：B 解析：learn from是固定短语，意为“向……学习”，此处表示我们可以学习其他国家处理工厂废水的做法。故选B。 13．A.young B．old C．average D．rich 答案：C 解析：the average person表示“普通人”，这里强调普通人的用电量情况。故选C。 14．A.concerned B．excited C．surprised D．bored 答案：A 解析：be concerned about是固定短语，意为“关心”，即我们应该更关心环境。故选A。 15．A.word B．fact C．plan D．slogan 答案：D 解析：根据前文“environmental protection is not just a”及后文“It requires everyone's effort.”可知，环境保护不仅仅是一个“slogan(口号)”，需要大家切实行动。故选D。 Nowadays, environmental problems are the focus of global concern (如今，环境问题是全球关注的焦点). ②Our environment faces many challenges (我们的环境面临很多挑战). For example, smog in big cities makes breathing hard. Every day, ③a_large_amount_of_waste__harms__wildlife (大量的垃圾危害野生动物). For instance, turtles often die after eating plastic bags by mistake. Also, factories leak harmful chemicals, which threaten our health. ④We__should__urge__them__to__stop__polluting (我们应该敦促它们停止污染) and learn from good practices in other countries. In daily life, we can save electricity by turning off unused devices and ⑤be__more__concerned__about__the__environment (更加关注环境). Remember, environmental protection isn't just a slogan—our efforts can create a better future. 作业2　主题拓展作业 Ⅵ　阅读 经验贴29　阅读题正确答案最常见的位置：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。 A The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city's San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power. The project could help unlock America's clean energy future. Perhaps ten years from now, large underground pipes will connect the lake to a new reservoir built about 1，100 feet higher. When the sun is high in the sky, California's rich solar power will pump water into that upper reservoir. When the sun goes down, the force of water will produce 500 megawatts (百万千瓦) of electricity for up to eight hours. “It's a water battery！” says Neena Kuzmich, director of engineering for the water authority. The technology that San Diego puts forward is already in use at more than 40 sites in the US. Some of them were built during the 1970s to store electricity produced by nuclear power plants. Now, the need to store power from renewable sources is bringing this old technology back. Water batteries have many competitors when it comes to storing energy. However, they have their own advantages. Water batteries are a proven way to store large amounts of power. The San Vicente project would store about as much electricity as the batteries in 50，000 of Tesla's Model 3 cars. They also don't require hard­to­find battery materials. The biggest problem with them is that it is hard to find places to build them. They need a great deal of water, land to build two reservoirs and permission to damage the landscape. Kelly Catlett, director of an environmental organization, says, “We won't support projects that build new dams on rivers and damage ecosystems. But San Diego's plan looks like something different, because it uses an existing reservoir and doesn't damage any streams.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国圣地亚哥水务局计划利用圣维森特水库储存太阳能，解决美国未来的清洁能源问题。 1．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．What a water battery is. B．How the project will work. C．Why reservoirs are needed. D．What the clean energy future is. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“When the sun is high ... for up to eight hours.”可知，本段主要介绍这个工程的运作原理。故选B。 2．What is the advantage of water batteries over their competitors? A．They can power Tesla's cars. B．They can store renewable sources. C．The battery materials are easy to get. D．The technology applied is a new breakthrough. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They also don't require hard­to­find battery materials.”可知，相较于其他储存能源的方法，材料易于寻找是水电池的独特优势。故选C。 3．What is the biggest challenge for water batteries? A．Damage caused to nature. B．The shortage of solar power. C．Limited ability to store energy. D．Proper places for construction. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The biggest problem with them is that it is hard to find places to build them.”可知，找到合适的建造场所是水电池面临的最大挑战。故选D。 4．What is Kelly Catlett's attitude towards the project? A．Unconcerned. B．Worried. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But San Diego's plan looks like ... doesn't damage any streams.”可知，Kelly Catlett (凯莉·卡特利特)所在的环保组织通常不支持在河流上新建水坝、破坏生态系统的项目。但是圣地亚哥的计划有所不同，因为它利用现有水库，且不会破坏任何溪流。通过But转折可推知，她对这一项目持支持的态度。故选C。 B Beavers (海狸) are famous for building impressive dams in streams. They have a rare ability to transform the landscapes they live in. This is primarily because beavers need to use their dams to hide from predators like bears, wolves, and river otters. Beavers live in dome­shaped constructions within the ponds that can only be accessed by underwater entrances. Inside, they are safe from threats. Besides, they can also store food inside and keep warm in winter. Beavers build dams up to 5 meters high, and the largest one, in Alberta, Canada, is 850 meters long. Most dams are built from pieces of wood, with stones at the base and a sealing layer of mud and plants on the upstream side. The dams are thicker at the bottom with a shallow slope on the upstream side, meaning that the weight of the water pushes down on the dam, keeping it in place and allowing it to hold back large volumes of water. Their engineering work is so effective that beaver dams can last for decades. Beaver dams can promote the creation and development of stable wetland ecosystems, one of the most productive ecosystems in the world, which serve as the home of rare and endangered species. In addition, the dams can help water flow to the newly created ponds, thus, preventing flooding in areas downstream of the rivers where these dams are built. They also protect the land from soil erosion and block pollutants in the water flow downstream into major water bodies. However, Ph.D.student Robert Needham, from the International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research at Southampton, expressed a great deal of his concern about the possibility of beaver dams blocking the upstream and downstream migration of Atlantic salmon (鲑鱼) and trout during their reproduction seasons, as well as affecting habitat quality. Thus, people should control the construction of beaver dams, especially in human­inhabited areas, near agricultural fields and pasture lands. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海狸筑坝虽然有利于生态系统的构建和发展，但同时影响了其他物种的迁徙，人类应注意控制海狸筑坝的范围。 5．What is the main reason for beavers to build dams? A．Keeping warm in winter. B．Storing food for later use. C．Protecting themselves from predators. D．Saving their habitats from river flooding. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is primarily because ... and river otters.”可知，海狸筑坝主要是为了躲避捕食者。故选C。 6．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The living environment of beavers. B．The features of beaver dams. C．The methods of building beaver dams. D．The introduction to the largest beaver dam. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了海狸建造的水坝的基本特征，如坝高、坝长以及建造材料等。故选B。 7．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．River pollution poses a big danger to beavers. B．Beaver dams have great ecological significance. C．Stable wetland ecosystems are important to dam construction. D．Beaver dams serve as the place of reproduction for some species. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。通读第三段可知，海狸建造的水坝有利于湿地生态系统的构建和发展，能够防止洪水，水土流失，阻拦污染物，由此可推知，海狸坝具有重要的生态意义。故选B。 8．Which of the following may Robert Needham agree with? A．People may be disturbed by too many beaver dams. B．Beaver dams make many sea animals leave their habitats. C．Farmers could benefit a lot from beavers engineering work. D．Beaver dams promote an increase of some species in the Atlantic. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thus, people should control ... and pasture lands.”可知，Robert (罗伯特)认为需要控制海狸的水坝建设，由此可推知，海狸筑建过多的水坝可能影响人类的生活。故选A。 Ⅶ　七选五 Some paper plates can be recycled. __1__ Rather than throw them away after one use, consider more eco­friendly choices. __2__ First, they're coated in plastic. This coating offers a smooth surface and prevents the paper plate from taking in liquids. Usually, the coating can't be separated from the paper in a recycling facility, so these paper plates can't be recycled like regular paper. Second, they're polluted with food waste. Once they've been used, paper plates become covered in food waste. This adds pollutants to the recycling process. __3__ If you're trying to reduce your impact on the environment, then looking at ways to reuse any paper plates you do have is a good option. If you bought heavy­duty paper plates and they're only a little dirty after use—if you served dry food on them, for example—you can clean them and use them again. __4__ The most obvious alternative to paper plates is reusable plates. Even though you have to wash them with water, the environmental impact of a reusable plate will still be lower. If you're looking for a semi­disposable plate, then you can find plates made from natural materials like bamboo. These plates can be used and washed or cleaned a few times. __5__ A．The short answer is yes and no. B．However, the vast majority usually can't. C．At the end of their life, they will break down naturally. D．PLA is a bioplastic that's used to coat some paper plates. E．So most cities won't accept used paper plates for recycling. F．There are two main reasons why the majority of paper plates can't be recycled. G．If you have clean paper plates, they can be used for a wide range of other projects. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纸盘很难被回收，建议选择可重复使用的盘子。 1．答案：B 解析：上文“Some paper plates can be recycled.”指出一些纸盘可以回收利用。下文“Rather than ... eco－friendly choices.”指出与其扔掉不如选择更环保的，由此可知，此处为转折关系。B项(然而，绝大多数通常不能。)承上启下。故选B。 2．答案：F 解析：根据下文“First, they're coated in plastic.”以及“Second, they're polluted with food waste.”可知，本段主要介绍纸盘不能回收的两个主要原因。F项(大多数纸盘不能回收有两个主要原因。)引出下文。故选F。 3．答案：E 解析：根据上文“Once they've been used ... to the recycling process.”可知，纸盘一旦被使用，就会被食物垃圾覆盖而不利于回收。E项(所以大多数城市不回收用过的纸盘。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。 4．答案：G 解析：根据上文“If you bought ... and use them again.”可知，如果纸盘坚固耐用且里面放置的食物是干燥的，只留下小的污渍，那么就可以通过清洗而再次使用。G项(如果你有干净的纸盘，它们可以用于各种各样的其他项目中。)承接上文。故选G。 5．答案：C 解析：根据上文“These plates can be used and washed or cleaned a few times.”可知，此处应继续说明使用天然材料制成的盘子的好处。C项(在使用寿命结束时，它们会自然分解。)承接上文。故选C。 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $