Unit 5 Play by the rules（重难词汇精练）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules? 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 prep.在…的对面 v.传播 n.（装商品的）小包，小盒 n. 法则，法令 n.野餐 n.律师 adj.有臭味的 adj．紧急的，急迫的 n.干酪，奶酪 n.市民，城镇居民；公民 n. 噪声 n.点击（鼠标） n. 缩小，减少 adj.基础的,基本的,根本的 v. 踢 adj. 个人的 n.座位 adj.（感情、消息或意见）个人的，秘密的 n. 乘客 v. 避免 pron. 任何食物都（没有） n.地址 n. 蠢人，傻子 n.护照 n. 标记 v.（在数量上）限制，限定 n. 喉咙 adj.不小心的，粗心的 n.责任 adj.意识到的,明白的,知道 n.起因，原因 v.欺诈，欺骗 n.腰带，皮带 v.信任，信赖，相信 n.车站 n.敌人 n.花盆 v.表现 n.脏乱，凌乱 n.网络欺凌 n. 诚实，正直 短语 大声播放音乐 说实话 为了做某事 面对面地 踢我的座位 与某人取得联系 转身 避免做某事 服从规定，遵守规则 小心 深吸一口气 行为不当，不礼貌 清清嗓子 求助于：转向 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） noise(n.)噪音→________________ (adj.）吵闹的 smell(n.&v.)闻→________________ (adj.）有臭味的 responsible (adj.) 负责任的→________________（n．）责任 honest(adj.)诚实的→________________ (n.)诚实，正直；坦诚 spread(v.)传播→_______________（动词的过去式／过去分词）→______________（动词的现在分词）传播 mess(n.)杂乱→________________ (adj..)脏乱的 law (n.)法律→________________ (n.)律师 urgent(adj.)紧急的→________________（n.）紧急，迫切 private（adj.）私人的→________________（n．）隐私，私密 care(v.)关心→________________ (adj.)不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的→________________ (adj.）仔细的 enemy(n.)敌人→________________（pl.）敌人 behave (v.) 行为→________________（n．）表现 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet________will be remembered by the world. A．noise B．voice C．sound D．shout 2．Andy sat just ________ me, so I can see the happiness on his face clearly.                                                        A．behind B．against C．opposite D．before 3．— Lei Feng’s spirit has ________ to every corner of the nation. — Exactly! Each of us can be him. A．failed B．broken C．lost D．spread 4．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Don’t in order to C．In order not to D．In order to not 5．We’d better use paper boxes instead of plastic ones ________ protect the environment. A．so that B．so as to C．in order not to D．in order that 6．Lucy did very well in her report. She is ________ to pay attention to every detail. A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough 7．Cathy turned around and looked at Tim ________ surprise. A．for B．at C．in D．to 8．When I feel nervous before speaking, I take a deep ________ to calm down. A．breath B．breathing C．breathes D．breathe 9．I often get in touch ________ my friends on the phone. A．with B．to C．in D．on 10．We must ________ the rules of environmental protection. A．follow B．break C．forget D．make 二、单词拼写 11．You can’t enter the house. Look at the s . It says “No entry”. 12．The boy k the ball so hard that it dropped into the river. 13．Mike is an honest boy. We all t him. 14．—Please tell me your email a . —OK. I’ll write it down. 15．Please fasten your seat b , David. It can help you keep safe. 16．Please l the children’s screen time every day. I think one hour is enough. 17．Giving up smoking can r the risk of heart disease. 18．Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really stand for a . 19．The famous doctor has much experience in dealing with u problems. 20．Middle schools have already provided students with classes to learn /’beɪsɪk/ life skills. 21．We know that it is dishonest of students to /tʃiːt/ in exams. 22．Today is a sunny day. We are going to have a p this afternoon. 23．Don’t consider him to be a f . He is not a foolish boy! 24．If you are unsure about what to do next, /klɪk/ here, please. 25．Don’t tell your p information to others. It is dangerous. 26． (tell) the truth isn’t always easy. 27．We should do more ( spread) Chinese spirit, Chinese value and Chinese strength. 28．He is always honest in business, and he thinks (honest) is the best policy. 29．It’s our (responsible) to do something to help those in need. 30．The badly polluted river looks dark and (smell). Something must be done! 31．The students often make a lot of (noisy) when the teacher isn’t in the classroom. 32．We need to buy three (packet) of sugar in the supermarket. 33．The bus is crowded. There are too many (passenger)on it. 34．It’ s essential to teach young students to be good . (citizen) 35．I can hardly avoid (connect) him with my brother. 36．Please don’t be so (care) next time. You should learn to care for yourself. 37．Don’t fight with each other, Lucy and Peter! You are not (enemy). 38．Don’t open that box in my room. It’s my (person) thing. 39．How does the (behave) of adults influence children’s choices of food? 40．She decided to be a (law) to help those in need. 三、完成句子 41．他把爱与温暖传播到每个地方。 He has love and everywhere he goes. 42．把我们的私人信息告诉陌生人是危险的。 It’s dangerous to tell strangers our . 43．当我转身的时候，我发现有人正盯着我。 When I , I found someone staring at me. 44．我们将面对面地和他们交谈。 We will talk with them . 45．另一方面，更多中国人意识到了环境问题。 On the other hand, more Chinese people are the environmental problems. 词汇语境练-语篇 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 make   and   be   well   idea   off   early   take   kind   often   breakfast   that A new rule (规定) in Beijing says, people can’t eat food or drink on the subway(地铁). Many people think it is a good 1 , because they don’t like the smell of food on the subway. “I take the subway home from school every day. I 2 feel tired and hungry at that time. If people eat food next to me, the smell will 3 me feel bad,” says Sun Run. “And there 4 always a lot of people on the subway. If the food falls on the floor, how can we keep the ground nice 5 clean?” But some people don’t like the rule. “I go to school by subway. It always 6 me a long time. So I need to get up 7 in the morning. Sometimes I have my 8 on the subway, so I can save time. This rule is really not 9 to me,” says Zhao Xin. “If someone feels thirsty (口渴的) on the subway, does he or she need to get 10 the subway to have a drink? I think they can drink water.” What do you think of the rule? $Unit 5 Play by the rules? 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 opposite prep.在…的对面 spread v.传播 packet n.（装商品的）小包，小盒 law n. 法则，法令 picnic n.野餐 lawyer n.律师 smelly adj.有臭味的 urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的 cheese n.干酪，奶酪 citizen n.市民，城镇居民；公民 noise n. 噪声 click n.点击（鼠标） reduce n. 缩小，减少 basic adj.基础的,基本的,根本的 kick v. 踢 personal adj. 个人的 seat n.座位 private adj.（感情、消息或意见）个人的，秘密的 passenger n. 乘客 avoid v. 避免 anything pron. 任何食物都（没有） address n.地址 fool n. 蠢人，傻子 passport n.护照 sign n. 标记 limit v.（在数量上）限制，限定 throat n. 喉咙 careless adj.不小心的，粗心的 responsibility n.责任 aware adj.意识到的,明白的,知道 cause n.起因，原因 cheat v.欺诈，欺骗 belt n.腰带，皮带 trust v.信任，信赖，相信 station n.车站 enemy n.敌人 flowerpot n.花盆 behave v.表现 mess n.脏乱，凌乱 cyberbullying n.网络欺凌 honesty n. 诚实，正直 短语 大声播放音乐 play loud music 说实话 tell the truth 为了做某事 so as to do 面对面地 face to face 踢我的座位 kick my seat 与某人取得联系 get in touch with sb 转身 turn around 避免做某事 avoid doing 服从规定，遵守规则 follow rules 小心 be aware of 深吸一口气 take a deep breath 行为不当，不礼貌 behave badly 清清嗓子 clear one’s throat 求助于：转向 turn to 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） noise (n.)噪音→noisy(adj.）吵闹的 smell(n.&v.)闻→smelly(adj.）有臭味的 responsible (adj.) 负责任的→responsibility（n．）责任 honest(adj.)诚实的→honesty(n.)诚实，正直；坦诚 spread(v.)传播→spread（动词的过去式／过去分词）→spreading（动词的现在分词）传播 mess (n.)杂乱→messy(adj..)脏乱的 law (n.)法律→lawyer(n.)律师 urgent(adj.)紧急的→urgency（n.）紧急，迫切 private（adj.）私人的→privacy（n．）隐私，私密 care(v.)关心→careless(adj.)不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的→careful(adj.）仔细的 enemy(n.)敌人→enemies（pl.）敌人 behave (v.) 行为→behaviour（n．）表现 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet________will be remembered by the world. A．noise B．voice C．sound D．shout 【答案】B 【详解】句意：得知这位歌手去世的消息令人难过，但她甜美的声音将被世界铭记。   考查名词辨析。noise噪音；voice嗓音；sound声音；shout喊叫。根据“It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet”和sweet的提示，应选择描述歌手嗓音的voice。故选B。 2．Andy sat just ________ me, so I can see the happiness on his face clearly.                                                        A．behind B．against C．opposite D．before 【答案】C 【详解】句意：安迪就坐在我对面，所以我能清楚看到他脸上的喜悦。 考查介词词义辨析。behind在……后面；against靠着；opposite在……对面；before在……前面。由“so I can see the happiness on his face clearly”可知，安迪应是在“我”对面，“opposite”符合语境。故选C。 3．— Lei Feng’s spirit has ________ to every corner of the nation. — Exactly! Each of us can be him. A．failed B．broken C．lost D．spread 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——雷锋精神已经传遍了全国。——没错！我们每个人都可以成为他。 考查动词辨析。failed失败；broken打破；lost丢失；spread传播。根据句意可知，雷锋的精神已经传遍了全国，spread“传播”，符合题意。故选D。 4．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Don’t in order to C．In order not to D．In order to not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了不在森林里迷路，我们最好随身带一个指南针。 考查动词不定式的否定式。In order to do sth.为了做某事”，其否定形式是In order not to do sth.为了不做某事。根据“we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us”可知，此处应表示带指南针是为了不迷路。故选C。 5．We’d better use paper boxes instead of plastic ones ________ protect the environment. A．so that B．so as to C．in order not to D．in order that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们最好使用纸盒而不是塑料盒，以保护环境。 考查目的状语的表达方式。so that为了，后跟句子；so as to为了，后跟动词原形；in order not to为了不，后跟动词原形；in order that为了，后跟句子。根据“protect the environment.”可知，是指为了保护环境，空后是动词原形，用so as to。故选B。 6．Lucy did very well in her report. She is ________ to pay attention to every detail. A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Lucy在她的报告中表现得非常好。她足够细心，注意到了每个细节。 考查形容词和enough的用法。careful细心的；careless粗心的。根据“pay attention to every detail”可知，Lucy是细心的，排除C和D；enough修饰形容词时需后置，故选B。 7．Cathy turned around and looked at Tim ________ surprise. A．for B．at C．in D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：凯西转过身，惊讶地看着蒂姆。 考查介词辨析。for为了；at在（某地点、时刻等）；in在……里；to到。“in surprise”是固定短语，表示“惊讶地”，用来描述动作的状态。故选C。 8．When I feel nervous before speaking, I take a deep ________ to calm down. A．breath B．breathing C．breathes D．breathe 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我在演讲前感到紧张时，我就深呼吸让自己冷静下来。 考查固定搭配。take a deep breath“深呼吸”，是固定搭配。故选A。 9．I often get in touch ________ my friends on the phone. A．with B．to C．in D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我经常通过电话和朋友联系。 考查介词辨析。with和……一起；to朝，向；in在……里；on在……上；get in touch with sb“和某人取得联系”，是固定短语，故选A。 10．We must ________ the rules of environmental protection. A．follow B．break C．forget D．make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们必须遵守环境保护的规定。 考查动词辨析。follow遵守；break打破；forget忘记；make制作。根据“the rules of environmental protection”可知，此处指遵守规定。故选A。 二、单词拼写 11．You can’t enter the house. Look at the s . It says “No entry”. 【答案】(s)ign 【详解】句意：你不能进入这所房子。看看那个标志，上面写着“禁止入内”。根据“It says ‘No entry’.”和所给首字母可知，此处应是看标志，“标志”sign。故填(s)ign。 12．The boy k the ball so hard that it dropped into the river. 【答案】(k)icked 【详解】句意：男孩踢得太用力了，球掉进了河里。根据“The boy ... the ball so hard that it dropped into the river.”及首字母可知，此处指男孩踢球踢得很用力；kick“踢”，动词；再根据“it dropped into the river”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填(k)icked。 13．Mike is an honest boy. We all t him. 【答案】(t)rust 【详解】句意：迈克是个诚实的男孩。我们都信任他。根据“Mike is an honest boy.”可知，迈克诚实可靠，因此大家都信任他；结合首字母“t”，此处考查trust“信任，相信”，动词；根据上文“Mike is an honest boy.”可知，句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，且句子主语“We”是第一人称复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填(t)rust。 14．—Please tell me your email a . —OK. I’ll write it down. 【答案】(a)ddress 【详解】句意：——请告诉我你的邮箱地址。——好的。我会把它写下来。根据首字母提示和“email”可知，此处表示与邮件相关的地址信息。名词address“地址”符合语境，email address为固定短语，意为“邮箱地址”。故填(a)ddress。 15．Please fasten your seat b , David. It can help you keep safe. 【答案】(b)elt 【详解】句意：请系好你的安全带，David。它能帮助你保持安全。根据“Please fasten your seat b...”及“It can help you keep safe.”可知是提醒对方系好安全带，seat belt“安全带”是固定搭配，故填(b)elt。 16．Please l the children’s screen time every day. I think one hour is enough. 【答案】(l)imit 【详解】句意：请每天限制孩子的屏幕时间。我认为一小时足够了。根据“I think one hour is enough.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指限制，limit“限制”，“Please”提示此处需填动词原形，构成祈使句。故填(l)imit。 17．Giving up smoking can r the risk of heart disease. 【答案】(r)educe 【详解】句意：戒烟可以降低患心脏病的风险。根据“Giving up smoking”和首字母“r”提示及常识可知，此处是指戒烟是公认的降低心脏病风险的有效方式；考查reduce“降低”，动词；空前有情态动词“can”，这里应用动词原形。故填(r)educe。 18．Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really stand for a . 【答案】(a)nything 【详解】句意：许多人认为SOS是“save our ship”的缩写，但它实际上并不代表​​任何事物。根据首字母提示和“doesn’t really stand for”可知，此处表示SOS并没有任何实际的字词含义，不代表任何事物。不定代词anything“任何事物”符合语境。故填(a)nything。 19．The famous doctor has much experience in dealing with u problems. 【答案】(u)rgent/(u)nexpected 【详解】句意：这位著名的医生在处理紧急/意外问题方面经验丰富。根据“has much experience in dealing with … problems”和首字母提示可知，在处理紧急/意外问题方面经验丰富。urgent“紧急的”，unexpected“出乎意料的”，形容词作定语。故填(u)rgent/(u)nexpected。 20．Middle schools have already provided students with classes to learn /’beɪsɪk/ life skills. 【答案】basic 【详解】句意：中学已经为学生提供了学习基本生活技能的课程。根据音标 /'beɪsɪk/ 可知，此处应填形容词“basic”，表示“基本的”，修饰名词作定语，故填basic。 21．We know that it is dishonest of students to /tʃiːt/ in exams. 【答案】cheat 【详解】句意：我们都知道学生在考试中作弊是不诚实的。根据音标可知，cheat“欺骗，作弊”符合语境。故填cheat。 22．Today is a sunny day. We are going to have a p this afternoon. 【答案】(p)icnic/(p)arty 【详解】句意：今天是个晴天。我们今天下午要去野餐（要举行派对）。根据“sunny day”及首字母提示可知，在好天气里进行的户外活动，应是野餐或派对，have a picnic“野餐”/have a party“举行派对”。故填(p)icnic/(p)arty。 23．Don’t consider him to be a f . He is not a foolish boy! 【答案】(f)ool 【详解】句意：不要认为他是个傻瓜。他不是个愚蠢的男孩！根据“He is not a foolish boy!”及首字母可知，是指不要认为他是个傻瓜，a后跟名词单数fool“傻瓜”。故填(f)ool。 24．If you are unsure about what to do next, /klɪk/ here, please. 【答案】click 【详解】句意：如果您不确定接下来要做什么，请点击这里。根据音标可知，此处所填单词为click，意为“点击”，此处为祈使句，用原形。故填click。 25．Don’t tell your p information to others. It is dangerous. 【答案】(p)rivate/(p)ersonal 【详解】句意：不要把你的私人/个人信息告诉别人，那是危险的。根据“Don’t tell your ... information to others. It is dangerous.”和首字母可知，不要透露私人信息/个人信息，“私人的”private，“个人的”personal，形容词作定语修饰information。故填(p)rivate/(p)ersonal。 26． (tell) the truth isn’t always easy. 【答案】Telling 【详解】句意：说真话并不总是容易的。tell“告诉”，动词，根据“...the truth isn’t always easy.”可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语，且置于句首，首字母需大写，tell的动名词形式是telling。故填Telling。 27．We should do more ( spread) Chinese spirit, Chinese value and Chinese strength. 【答案】to spread 【详解】句意：为了传播中国精神、中国价值、中国力量，我们应该多做一些事。spread传播，此处表示目的，因此用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to spread。 28．He is always honest in business, and he thinks (honest) is the best policy. 【答案】honesty 【详解】句意：他做生意一向诚实，他认为诚实为上策。honest“诚实的”，空处为宾语从句的主语，用其名词形式honesty。故填honesty。 29．It’s our (responsible) to do something to help those in need. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】句意：做一些事情去帮助那些有需要的人们是我们的责任。根据“our”可知，这里应该填入名词，responsible是形容词“有责任心的”，其名词是responsibility。故填responsibility。 30．The badly polluted river looks dark and (smell). Something must be done! 【答案】smelly 【详解】句意：这条被严重污染的河看起来又黑又臭。必须采取措施了！根据“The badly polluted river looks dark and... (smell)”以及语境可知，此处需要用形容词与dark并列，描述河流的状态。smell是动词或名词，其形容词形式为smelly，意为“发臭的”。故填smelly。 31．The students often make a lot of (noisy) when the teacher isn’t in the classroom. 【答案】noise 【详解】句意：当老师不在教室时，学生们经常制造很大的噪音。a lot of后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，noisy对应的名词是noise“噪音”，不可数名词，故填noise。 32．We need to buy three (packet) of sugar in the supermarket. 【答案】packets 【详解】句意：我们需要在超市买三包糖。packet“包”。根据“three”可知，此处应填名词复数形式packets。故填packets。 33．The bus is crowded. There are too many (passenger)on it. 【答案】passengers 【详解】句意：公共汽车很拥挤。上面的乘客太多了。 too many：太多，后面跟可数名词复数；passenger：乘客，复数是passengers；故答案为passengers。 34．It’ s essential to teach young students to be good . (citizen) 【答案】citizens 【详解】句意：教导年轻学生成为好公民是重要的。根据所给提示单词及“young students to be good”可知，需填citizen“公民”的复数形式citizens，形容词good修饰名词citizens。故填citizens。 35．I can hardly avoid (connect) him with my brother. 【答案】connecting 【详解】句意：我不能不把他和我哥哥联系起来。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，此处用动名词connecting作宾语。故填connecting。 36．Please don’t be so (care) next time. You should learn to care for yourself. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：下次请不要这么粗心。你应该学会关心自己。根据“Please don’t be so…next time.”可知此处是说粗心，设空处需要形容词careless“粗心的”，作表语。故填careless。 37．Don’t fight with each other, Lucy and Peter! You are not (enemy). 【答案】enemies 【详解】句意：不要互相打架，露西和彼得！你们不是敌人。enemy“敌人”，根据“You are”可知，空处应填复数形式enemies。故填enemies。 38．Don’t open that box in my room. It’s my (person) thing. 【答案】personal 【详解】句意: 不要打开我房间里的那个盒子。这是我的私人物品。空格前有形容词性物主代词my，后接名词thing，因此需要填入形容词形式修饰thing。person的形容词形式是personal（个人的/私人的）。故填personal。 39．How does the (behave) of adults influence children’s choices of food? 【答案】behavior/behaviour 【详解】句意：成年人的行为如何影响儿童对食物的选择？behave动词，意为“表现；行为举止”，根据定冠词“the”和介词“of”可知，此处需要填入一个名词来作句子的主语，behave的名词形式为behavior或behaviour。故填behavior/behaviour。 40．She decided to be a (law) to help those in need. 【答案】lawyer 【详解】句意：她决定成为一名律师来帮助那些需要帮助的人。law“法律”，此处须用表示职业的名词形式lawyer“律师”。a后接可数名词单数表示职业。故填lawyer。 三、完成句子 41．他把爱与温暖传播到每个地方。 He has love and everywhere he goes. 【答案】 spread warmth 【详解】根据中英文提示，第一空缺少“传播”的表达，第二空缺少“温暖”的表达；spread传播，动词，根据“He has”可知，第一空填动词的过去分词spread，构成现在完成时结构；根据“love and”可知，第二空填入名词warmth“温暖”。故填spread；warmth。 42．把我们的私人信息告诉陌生人是危险的。 It’s dangerous to tell strangers our . 【答案】personal information/private information 【详解】根据汉语提示，划线处应填入私人信息。personal和private均表示“私人的，个人的”，information“信息”，不可数名词。故填personal/private information。 43．当我转身的时候，我发现有人正盯着我。 When I , I found someone staring at me. 【答案】 turned around 【详解】turn around“转身”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填turned；around。 44．我们将面对面地和他们交谈。 We will talk with them . 【答案】 face to face 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，face to face表示“面对面”，是固定短语。故填face；to；face。 45．另一方面，更多中国人意识到了环境问题。 On the other hand, more Chinese people are the environmental problems. 【答案】 aware of 【详解】此处缺少“意识到”，英语表达为be aware of，空前已有be动词are，故填aware；of。 词汇语境练-语篇 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 make   and   be   well   idea   off   early   take   kind   often   breakfast   that A new rule (规定) in Beijing says, people can’t eat food or drink on the subway(地铁). Many people think it is a good 1 , because they don’t like the smell of food on the subway. “I take the subway home from school every day. I 2 feel tired and hungry at that time. If people eat food next to me, the smell will 3 me feel bad,” says Sun Run. “And there 4 always a lot of people on the subway. If the food falls on the floor, how can we keep the ground nice 5 clean?” But some people don’t like the rule. “I go to school by subway. It always 6 me a long time. So I need to get up 7 in the morning. Sometimes I have my 8 on the subway, so I can save time. This rule is really not 9 to me,” says Zhao Xin. “If someone feels thirsty (口渴的) on the subway, does he or she need to get 10 the subway to have a drink? I think they can drink water.” What do you think of the rule? 【答案】 1．idea 2．often 3．make 4．are 5．and 6．takes 7．early 8．breakfast 9．kind 10．off 【导语】本文是人们对于北京一条新规定“不可以在地铁上吃喝”的看法。 1． 句意：许多人认为这是一个好主意，因为他们不喜欢地铁上食物的味道。根据“a good …”，可知，此处缺单数名词，作表语。结合备选词汇可知，应选用idea，表示“好主意”，符合语境。故填idea。 2．句意：我经常在那个时候感到又累又饿。根据“I take the subway home from school”可推测，结束一天的课程，应是又累又饿。根据“I…feel”可知，此处缺表示频率的副词，修饰谓语，应选备选词汇中的often表示“经常”。符合语境。故填often。 3．句意：如果有人在我旁边吃东西，味道会让我感觉不好。根据“the smell will…me feel bad,”可知，此处缺动词，作谓语。结合语境可知，应用备选词汇中的make与之构成“make sb. do sth.”表示“使某人做某事”。will后接动词原形。故填make。 4．句意：地铁里面总是很多人。根据“there …people”可知，此处缺be动词，表示“某地有某物”。本文时态为一般现在时，应用备选词汇中be动词对应的一般现在时的复数形式。故填are。 5．句意：如果食物掉落在地上，那怎么保持空气和地面干净整洁呢？根据“nice…clean”可知，空格前后表示两个并列关系的词，应用备选词汇中的并列连词and，意为“和”。故填and。 6．句意：我坐地铁上学。它总是花费我很长时间。根据“It…sb. + 时间”可知，此处缺动词，作谓语。结合备选词汇可知，此处应用take与之构成“it takes sb. + 时间”，表示“花费某人多长时间”。本文时态为一般现在时，谓语动词take应用对应的三人称单数形式，修饰主语it。故填takes。 7．句意：我需要在早上很早起床。根据“It always takes me a long time.”可推测，此处指上班要花费很多时间，可推测早上需要很早起床，应用备选词汇中的副词early修饰动词“get up”，意为“早早地”，符合语境。故填early。 8．句意：有时候我在地铁上吃早餐，这样我就可以节省时间了。根据“So I need to get up early in the morning.”可知，早上赶时间，应是在地铁上吃东西。应用备选词汇中的“breakfast早餐”，符合语境。故填breakfast。 9．句意：这条规定对我真的很不友善。根据前文可知，新规规定不能在地铁上吃喝，而上学很远需要在地铁上吃早饭，可推测这项规定对他很不友善。结合备选词汇可知，应用kind表示“友善的”，符合语境。故填kind。 10．句意：如果有人在地铁上感到口渴，他/她需要下车喝一杯吗？根据前文描述新规规定不能在地铁上吃喝，可推测此处是反问需要下车才能喝水吗。结合备选词汇可知，应选off与之构成“get off”表示“下车”，符合语境。故填off。 $