Unit 3 Period 2 Understanding ideas-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册作业与测评word（外研版）

英语　选择性必修·第三册　作业与测评 Period 2　Understanding ideas 课时作业(二) [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．The ________ (目的) of most speeches is to benefit the audience. 答案：objective 2．The ________ (海岸线) is being eaten away year by year. 答案：coastline 3．Their lack of qualifications ________ (迫使处于不幸的境地) them to a lifetime of boring, usually poorly­paid work. 答案：condemned 4．They earned ________ (勉强才能) enough money to pay the rent. 答案：barely 5．Of all the laws, the benefit of people is ________ (最高的)． 答案：supreme 6．I have never known an o________ man who lacked either. 答案：outstanding 7．In attempting to save the child from d________， she nearly lost her own life. 答案：drowning 8．People watched in h________ as the plane crashed to the ground. 答案：horror 9．They planned to march on and l________ the city. 答案：liberate 10．I often r________ my childhood which is dead and gone. 答案：recall Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．________ (land) on the moon's far side is extremely challenging. 答案：Landing 2．He made an entry of the ________ (memory) events in his diary. 答案：memorial 3．What separates terrorism from other acts of ________ (violent)? 答案：violence 4．He looked relaxed and totally ________ command of himself. 答案：in 5．We firmly support the Asian, African and Latin American people in their struggle for ________ (liberate)! 答案：liberation Ⅲ　单句表达 1．汽车突然起火，人群惊恐地大叫起来。 The crowd cried out ________________ as the car burst into flames. 答案：in horror 2．你对治疗你的疾病有信心吗？ Do you ______________________ the treatment of your disease? 答案：have confidence in 3．申请人必须精通英语。 Applicants will be expected to ______________________ English. 答案：have a good command of 4．最后他到了伦敦，在那里和他的一个老同学会合。 Finally he arrived in London, where he ____________________ one of his old classmates. 答案：met up with 5．我非常反对收停车费。 I really ________________________ for parking. 答案：object to being charged [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 A set of tusks is usually an advantage for elephants, allowing them to dig for water, peel bark for food, and defend themselves. But during periods of intense ivory poaching, those big tusks may invite danger. During the conflict from 1977 to 1992 in Mozambique, fighters on both sides killed elephants for ivory to finance war efforts. In the region that's now Gorongosa National Park, around 90% of the elephants were killed. The survivors were likely to share a key characteristic: Half the females were naturally tuskless—they simply never developed tusks—while before the war, less than a fifth lacked tusks. “The years of war changed the course of evolution in that population，” said biologist Shane Campbell－Staton. After the war, those tuskless surviving females passed on their genes with expected, as well as surprising results. About half their daughters were tuskless. More puzzling, two－thirds of their offspring were female. In Gorongosa, researchers collected blood samples from seven tusked and eleven tuskless female elephants, then analyzed their DNA for differences. The survey data gave them an idea where to look: Because the tuskless elephants were female, they focused on the X chromosome (染色体). They also suspected that the relevant gene was dominant, meaning that a female needs only one altered gene to become tuskless, and that when passed to male embryos, it may shorten their development. “They've produced the smoking－gun evidence for genetic changes，” said Chris Darimont. “The work helps scientists and the public understand how our society can have a major influence on the evolution of other life forms.” Now the scientists are studying what more tuskless elephants mean for the species and its savannah (大草原) environment. “Their previous analysis of fecal (排泄物) samples suggests the tuskless females ate mostly grass, without long tusks to peel bark from trees, whereas the tusked animals ate more legumes (豆类) and tough woody plants，” said Robert Pringle. “These changes will last for at least multiple elephant generations.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因为多年的内战和偷猎，大象经过进化而不再长牙的现象。 1．What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A．Analyzing the natural growth of tusks. B．Proving the value of tusks of elephants. C．Explaining the cause of tuskless elephants. D．Describing the characteristics of elephants. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The years of war changed ... biologist Shane Campbell－Staton.”可知，本段主要介绍了大象不长牙的原因。故选C。 2．How did the researchers in Gorongosa study elephants? A．By collecting data. B．By giving examples. C．By analyzing cause and effect. D．By gathering samples and studying them. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Gorongosa, researchers collected blood samples ... for differences.”可知，研究人员是通过收集样本并进行研究分析的方式来研究大象的。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “smoking－gun” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Convincing. B．Disturbing. C．Puzzling. D．Conflicting. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The work helps scientists ... other life forms.”及画线词所在句可知，这项研究意义重大，已经提供了大象基因变化的确凿证据。由此可知，画线词意为“有说服力的”。故选A。 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．It won't be long before tuskless elephants regain their tusks. B．It will take ages for elephants to be affected by several changes occurring to them. C．Tuskless elephants have a bad impact on their species and its savannah environment. D．Many changes have happened to elephants and they will continuously affect them for ages. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Their previous analysis of fecal (排泄物) samples suggests ... elephant generations.”可推知，大象发生了很多变化，且这些变化会继续影响它们好几代。故选D。 Ⅱ　七选五 Studying history provides you with more rounded skills and an improved ability to think critically—something you can take into the rest of your education. __1__ It requires interpretation and analysis of information around subjects that often have no right or wrong answers. Still, there are plenty of effective methods for studying history, like these three： Connect events together. When studying significant changes in a country, it's important to know what key events contributed to this. __2__ One popular method for doing this involves making connections to develop the full picture. Note down the important events, facts and people. Then create a mind map with them, using colors and symbols to establish a pattern containing a large amount of easily digestible information. __3__ While history usually focuses on the larger picture rather than just a number of dates or facts, it is worthwhile adopting memory techniques to ensure that you can reach for specific information when necessary. Flashcards are an excellent way to do this. Find some cards and write down brief facts or statements. __4__ It allows you to absorb pieces of information every single day. Before long, you'll be able to recite the information on each card. Soak up (吸收) books and films. History is packed with real­life stories—many of which are told to a new generation in the form of novels and films. When you have finished studying your textbooks, films and books offer a lighter, but still useful way to learn about history. __5__ Many books and films take liberties with their chosen subject. You can speak to your history teacher for a reading and viewing list. A．History is full of stories. B．Display key information. C．Stick them around your room. D．Just be sure to choose the right titles. E．But history is not about memorizing a list of facts or dates. F．But through history we can become more creative thinkers. G．It can lead to a discouraging list of times, dates and people to learn. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习历史的一些有效的方法。 1．答案：E 解析：根据下文“It requires interpretation and ... or wrong answers.”可知，学习历史要分析信息。E项(但历史不是记住一系列事实或日期。)引出下文。故选E。 2．答案：G 解析：根据上文“When studying significant changes ... to this.”可知，在研究一个国家的重大变化时，重要的是要知道哪些关键事件导致了这一变化。G项(这会导致要去学习一系列令人沮丧的时代、日期和人物。)承接上文。故选G。 3．答案：B 解析：根据下文“While history usually focuses on ... when necessary.”可知，要学会整理信息。B项(展示关键的信息。)引出下文。故选B。 4．答案：C 解析：根据上文“Find some cards and write down brief facts or statements.”可知，可以利用卡片来帮助记忆信息。C项(把它们贴在你房间里。)承接上文。故选C。 5．答案：D 解析：根据下文“Many books and films take liberties with their chosen subject.”可知，设空处应介绍选择书籍和电影时要注意的事项。D项(一定要确保选择正确的书籍。)引出下文。故选D。 Ⅲ　应用文写作 请以“我最尊敬的人”为主题，写一篇短文。内容包括： 1．简要介绍你最尊敬的人； 2．尊敬的理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] The person I respect most There are many respectable people around us. And the person I respect most is my physics teacher. She's of medium height, with long and blonde hair. She is so patient with each student that we all like her. It's her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her. When I failed the exam last month and was in low spirits, she patted me gently on the shoulder and gave me great encouragement. She teaches us not only how to gain knowledge but also how to be a good person. Having set a great example to us students, she fully deserves my respect. 【持续背记】 ①Involution is not only harmful, but also harmful to everyone who seems innocent. 内卷不但有危害，而且会危害到看似无辜的每一个人。 ②You plant the seeds of behavior and you will reap habits; plant the seeds of habit and you will reap character; plant the seeds of character and you will reap a certain destiny. 你播下行为的种子，你就会收获习惯；播下习惯的种子，你就会收获性格；播下性格的种子，你就会收获一定的命运。 ③Don't let “handwriting” become your weakness. 别让“写字”成为你拿不出手的软肋。 【持续积累】 involution/ˌInvə'luːʃ(ə)n/n. 内卷，卷入 reap/riːp/v. 收获，获得 weakness /'wiːknəs/n. 弱点；软弱 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $