内容正文:
英语 选择性必修·第三册 作业与测评
Period 5 Writing
如何写说明性文章
技法指导
以说明为主要表达方式,以介绍事物的特点、性质、状态、功能或阐明事理为主要内容的文章就叫做说明文。在进行说明文写作时要抓住事物或事理的特征,注意说明顺序,使用恰当的说明方法和语言。
具体方法为:
1.说明事物,要抓住事物的本质特征,运用合理的说明顺序,采用恰当的说明方法。所谓特征是这一事物区别于其他事物的标志。只有抓住本质才能说明白事物或事理的独特之处。
2.顺序可按照时间顺序、空间顺序等展开。从主要到次要、从概括到具体、从整体到局部、从特点到用途等方式。
3.语言的准确性是说明文语言的先决条件。表示时间、空间、数量、范围、程度、特征、性质、程序等,都要求准确无误。
经典句式
(1)This material is 45% nylon.
这种材料含45%的尼龙。
(2)It is a wellknown fact that caffeine is a stimulant.
咖啡因是兴奋剂,这是众所周知的事实。
(3)The modern Russian alphabet has 31 letters.
现代俄语字母表有31个字母。
(4)Keep healthy by eating well and exercising regularly.
通过良好饮食和经常性锻炼保持健康。
(5)Drums are basic to African music.
鼓是非洲音乐的基本乐器。
(6)The animal is covered in long piercing spines.
这种动物浑身长满了尖锐的长刺。
(7)Happiness is the ability to make the most of what you have.
幸福就是充分享用你所拥有的一切的能力。
(8)The accident was due to excessive speed.
事故的原因在于速度过快。
(9)A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child.
缺氧可能阻碍胎儿的大脑发育。
(10)Education is every child's birthright.
教育是每个孩子的基本权利。
(11)Excess food is stored as fat.
多余的食物作为脂肪贮存起来。
(12)A similar situation prevails in Canada.
同样的情况在加拿大也普遍存在。
典例演练
中国有很多传统佳节,像春节、中秋节、端午节等,这些传统节日是传承中国优秀历史文化的重要载体。请以“My Favorite Festival”为题写一篇作文,给大家介绍一下你最喜欢的中国传统节日。主要内容如下:
1.节日时间;
2.节日历史起源;
3.你喜欢这个节日的原因。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
My Favorite Festival
Of all the Chinese traditional festivals, I like the Dragon Boat Festival best. Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duan Wu Festival, falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, which has a history of more than 2,000 years.
The main reason why I like it is mainly its origin. It is said that a patriotic poet, Qu Yuan, threw himself into the river to express his love for country. Therefore, the people put the dumplings into the river to feed the fish in the hope that the fish will not harm the body of Qu Yuan. Slowly, we eat zongzi as a custom to honor him. Besides its history and its sweet food, the activity on that day also attracts me a lot. On that day, you can enjoy a performance about the legend and watch live broadcast of dragon boat racing, which is a visual feast.
I always enjoy this traditional day.
总评 本篇范文结构清晰,要点齐全,使用了多种句式,使得文章层次分明,详略得当。作者将笔墨着重放在第二段,详细介绍了端午节的历史起源,让表达变得更具条理性及逻辑性。
[亮点呈现]
(1)which has a history of more than 2,000 years, which is a visual feast使用了非限制性定语从句,句式升级,高级表达使文章格外亮眼。
(2)fall on, it is said that ... 及in the hope that ... 等高级词汇及句式的使用,显示了作者丰富的语言储备。
跟踪演练
丝绸之路是一条具有深远意义的国际通道,是连接中国和西方世界的第一座桥梁。请你以丝绸之路为切入点写一篇短文。要点如下:
1.丝绸之路的历史(张骞出使西域);
2.丝绸之路的影响(文化、语言和习俗等)。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
The Silk Road started in the Han Dynasty, which ruled China from around 202 BC to 220 AD. The Han Dynasty did not want to enter into a trade relationship with the Xiongnu. To get help in the West, the Han Dynasty sent their envoy, Zhang Qian. While Zhang was not successful, he had seen the West's desire for Chinese silk, and the opportunity for trade led to the opening of the Silk Road.
The greatest value of the Silk Road, however, was the exchange of culture. Art, language, science, and architecture to name a few, spread along this road.
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