Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Reading & Project & Assessment-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（译林版）

本讲义围绕“青少年外貌焦虑的成因及应对”核心主题，构建“词汇积累-语篇理解-语言运用”学习支架，涵盖24个核心词汇（如fashion, strength）及拓展（如negative-positive）、语篇分析（整体结构、细节题、难句解构）、重点句式（what引导从句、make+宾补等），形成完整知识脉络。 资料以“语言能力+思维品质+学习能力”为核心设计亮点，语篇理解通过段落匹配、细节题培养逻辑思维，互动探究中词汇句式分层练习（如end up用法及微写作）提升语言运用能力，随堂与课时精练助力课后查漏补缺。课中难句解构辅助教师讲解，课后练习支持自主巩固，实现教与学高效衔接。

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①cover n．(书刊的)封面，封皮 ②saying n．格言，谚语，警句 ③hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 ④all the time (在某段时间内)一直，始终 ⑤jeans n．牛仔裤 ⑥hairstyle n．发型；发式 ⑦behind one's back 在某人的背后 ⑧have a negative effect on 对……有负面的影响 ⑨male adj.男性的；雄性的n.男性，雄性 ⑩female adj.女性的；雌性的n.女性，雌性 ⑪guard against 防范，防止，提防 ⑫standard n．标准 adj.标准的 ⑬beauty n．美，美丽；美人，美好的东西 ⑭have an influence on 对……有影响 ⑮copy vt.模仿，效法，仿效 ⑯fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 ⑰live up to 达到，符合，不辜负 ⑱end up 最终成为，最终处于 ⑲good-looking adj.漂亮的；好看的 ⑳fashion n．时尚，时兴；流行款式 ㉑shadow n．阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 ㉒digital adj.数码的，数字的 digital age数字时代 ㉓never-ending adj.永无止境的；没完没了的 ㉔series n. (pl.series)一系列，连续 a series of一系列的 ㉕show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 ㉖external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 ㉗blindly adv.盲目地 ㉘out of reach 达不到；手够不着 ㉙keep in mind...记住…… ㉚be/feel comfortable in one's own skin 欣然接纳自我 ㉛strength n．优势；力气，力量；实力 ㉜build one's confidence 建立一个人的信心 ㉝talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才 ㉞piano n．钢琴 play the piano弹钢琴 ㉟take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲 ㊱away from 远离 ㊲content n．内容；目录 ㊳individuality n．个性，个人特征 ㊴achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… Don't judge a book by its cover① “Don't judge a book by its cover，” the old saying② goes.Unfortunately，as a teenager，that is often exactly what you do to yourself．【1】Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over③ you all the time④ like a rain cloud.Do I look fat in these jeans⑤？ Do others think I am too short? Is everyone laughing at my new hairstyle⑥ behind my back⑦？ These thoughts can have a negative effect on⑧ people of any shape or size，both male⑨ and female⑩，and it is important to guard against⑪ the causes behind them．【2】 【1】what引导表语从句。 【2】it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to guard ...them作真正的主语。 Standards⑫ of beauty⑬ in the media can have a big influence on⑭ what you think of your physical appearance．【3】Teens who try to copy⑮ the looks of their favourite stars【4】 are fighting a losing battle⑯ —these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to⑰.They will only end up⑱ feeling worse about themselves. 【3】what引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。 【4】who引导定语从句，修饰先行词teens。 Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance．【5】If you have friends who are good-looking⑲ or have a great fashion⑳ sense，【6】it can feel like you are living in their shadow㉑.For children of the digital age㉒，social media makes this problem even worse.Your friends may post a never-ending㉓ series㉔ of photos online to show off㉕ their beautiful dresses or strong bodies，and it becomes easier for you to compare yourself to them．【7】This has proved to have a negative effect on what you think of your physical appearance．【8】 【5】画线部分为从句，修饰先行词way，从句省略关系词that/in which。 【6】if引导条件状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词friends。 【7】it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to compare yourself to them作真正的主语。 【8】what引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。 These external㉖ influences are always present，but there are certainly ways to deal with them.First of all，be careful not to follow popular beauty standards blindly㉗.They are out of reach㉘ for 99% of us，so it is better to just forget about them．【9】 【9】it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to just forget about them作真正的主语。 Another tip is to remind yourself that you are unique．【10】Keep in mind㉙ that your family and friends love you just the way you are．【11】Talk about your feelings with someone you trust．【12】Hearing how much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin㉚.Focusing on your strengths㉛ also helps you build your confidence㉜.Everyone has their own talents㉝—you may be good at painting or playing the piano㉞，so take pride in㉟ things you do well【13】 instead of worrying about things you cannot change．【14】 【10】动词不定式短语作表语；that引导宾语从句，作动词remind的宾语。 【11】that引导宾语从句；you are为定语从句，修饰先行词the way，从句省略关系词that/in which。 【12】you trust为定语从句，修饰先行词someone，从句省略关系代词who/whom/that。 【13】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词things，从句省略关系代词which/that。 【14】you can't change为定语从句，修饰先行词things，从句省略关系代词which/that。 Finally，it is a good idea to try to direct your attention away from㊱ negative thoughts．【15】To achieve this ，【16】you should do something you enjoy．【17】Read a book you like，【18】or take part in a social activity，like playing a ball game with your friends.These things can help you take your mind off matters that worry you and make you feel good about yourself．【19】 【15】it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to try to ...thoughts作真正的主语。 【16】动词不定式短语作目的状语。 【17】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词something，从句省略关系代词that。 【18】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词book，从句省略关系代词which/that。 【19】that引导定语从句，修饰先行词matters。 You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside，not on the inside．【20】However，like a book，your contents㊲ are much more important than your cover.If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality㊳，your value to others，your achievements㊴—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are．【21】 【20】what引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语。 【21】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词way，从句省略关系词that/in which。 不要以貌取人 古语说得好：“不要以貌取人。”可惜的是，作为青少年，你们恰恰却经常以貌取己。关于外表的负面思绪可能会像乌云一样始终笼罩着你。我穿这条牛仔裤是不是显胖？别人会不会觉得我太矮？大家背地里是不是都在嘲笑我的新发型？无论男女，不管什么样的体形或身高，人们都会受到这些想法的负面影响，而防备这些思绪背后的成因就成了一件重要的事情。 媒体的审美标准会对你如何看待自己的外表产生很大影响。那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年们，正在打一场无望取胜的仗——因为对于大多数人来说，这些标准都难以企及。到头来，他们只会觉得自己更糟。 朋友也会影响你对自己外表的看法。如果你有朋友长得好看，或者很有时尚品位，你会觉得自己活在他们的阴影下。对于数字时代的孩子们来说，社交媒体会让这个问题变得更加棘手。你的朋友可能会无休止地在网上发自拍，炫耀他们漂亮的衣服或强壮的体格，你会更容易陷入和他们的比较之中。有证据显示，这种行为会对你如何评价自己的外表产生负面影响。 这些外部影响始终存在，不过我们当然也有办法应对它们。首先要审慎，不要盲从流行的审美标准。这些标准，我们之中 99% 的人都是达不到的，所以最好不要理会它们。 还有一个办法是你要提醒自己你是独一无二的。你要记住，你的家人和朋友都喜爱你本来的样子。可以和你信任的人谈谈自己的感受。听听他们有多么在乎你，将有助于你更好地接受自己的形象。专注于自己的强项也能帮你建立自信。每个人都有自己的天赋——你也许擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以要为自己擅长的事感到自豪，而不要为你无法改变的事而烦恼。 最后，尽力转移你在这些消极想法上的注意力也是一个不错的办法。为了做到这一点，你应该做一些你乐在其中的事。读一本你喜欢的书，或者参加一项社交活动，比如和朋友们一起打球。这些事能帮你暂时忘却那些让你烦心的事，让你对自己的感觉好一些。 自我评价时，你可能常常注重外在，而不是内在。然而就像一本书，内容要远比封面重要。如果你能学会看到自己的优点——你的个性、你对他人的价值、你的成就——你很快就会爱上自己本来的样子。 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us about the causes of teenagers' negative thoughts on their physical appearance and ways to deal with them． 2．Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. ParA．1　　A．Two negative factors influencing what teenagers think of their physical appearance. Paras.2～3 B．Suggestions on dealing with the external influences. Paras.4～6 C．Presentation: Don't judge a book by its cover. 答案：　CABD 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What are teenagers unhappy with according to the first paragraph? A．Their physical appearance. B．Their study habits. C．Their dark thoughts. D．Their sexes. 2．What can greatly affect how you think of your physical appearance? A．Your classmates' thoughts. B．Your teachers' guidance. C．Standards of beauty in the mediA． D．The way you view yourself. 3．How should you deal with your negative thoughts? A．Follow popular beauty standards. B．Post a series of your selfies online. C．Value your friends and family. D．Accept what you are completely. 4．What should you pay more attention to? A．Your appearance. B．Your contents. C．Others' achievements. D．Others' outside. 答案：　1－4　ACDB 三、难句解构 1．Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle—these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词teens。 [尝试翻译]　那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年们，正在打一场无望取胜的仗——因为对于大多数人来说，这些标准都难以企及。 2．If you have friends who are good-looking or have a great fashion sense，it can feel like you are living in their shadow. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中if引导条件状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词friends。 [尝试翻译]　如果你有朋友长得好看，或者很有时尚品位，你会觉得自己活在他们的阴影下。 [核心单词] 1．the pressure of work 工作压力 2．train schedule 火车时刻表 3．digital technology 数字技术 4．a piano teacher 一位钢琴教师 5．the famous saying 著名的格言 6．live on campus 住在校园内 7．heart surgery 心脏外科手术 8．the country's external debt 本国的外债 9．a series of lectures 一系列的讲座 10．be made of plastic 用塑料制作的 [拓展单词] 1．contribute vi. & vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contributor n．捐款人；做出贡献的人；(尤指不愉快事件的)促成因素，原因之一→contribution n．捐献；贡献；投稿 2．memory n．记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize vt.记忆，记住→memorable adj.值得纪念的；难忘的 3．negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的→positive adj.积极乐观的；自信的；表示赞同的；拥护的 4．treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理→treat vt.对待，看待；款待，招待；治疗 n．款待，招待 5．addition n．增加，添加；加法→additional adj.附加的，额外的，外加的 6．male adj.男性的；雄性的n. 男性，雄性→female adj.女性的；雌性的 7．beauty n．美，美丽；美人，美好的事物 n. 女性，雌性东西→beautiful adj.美丽的，漂亮的 8．fashion n．时尚，时兴，流行款式→fashionable adj.流行的，时兴的，时髦的 9．strength n．优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen vt.变强；加强→strong adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→strongly adv. 强烈地；坚固地；强有力地 10．talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj.有天赋的；有才能的 11．individuality n．个性，个人特征→individual adj.单独的，个别的n.个人 12．achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve vt.实现；完成；(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准) [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．促成，造成 contribute to 2．从短期/长期看 in the short/long term 3．此外 in addition 4．达到，符合，不辜负 live up to 5．最终成为，最终处于 end up 6．显示，展示，炫耀，卖弄 show off 7．为……自豪，为……骄傲 take pride in 第二组　英译汉 8．plastic surgery 整形手术；整形外科 9．hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 10．guard against 防范，防止，提防 11．fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．what引导表语从句 Unfortunately，as a teenager，that is often exactly what you do to yourself(对自己所做的). 2．动词不定式作目的状语 To achieve this(要做到这一点)，you should do something you enjoy. 3．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 For children of the digital age，social media makes this problem even worse(让这个问题变得更糟). end up最终成为，最终处于 (教材原句)They will only end up feeling worse about themselves.到头来，他们只会觉得自己更糟。 (1)end up doing sth. 结果做某事 (2)end up with... 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词) (3)end up in... 以……结束(后接抽象名词或表示地点的名词) (4)end up as... 最终成为/变成…… (后接表示身份、职务的名词) (5)end up＋形容词 以……(状况)而告终 [佳句背诵]　If you don't work hard，you'll end up nowhere.如果你不努力工作，你就一事无成。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①If you don't know what you want，you might end up getting (get)something you don't want. ②He began his life as a poor man and ended up as a millionaire. ③Unfortunately，all her efforts ended up in failure. ④At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruits. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤I thought I would be punished for the broken glass but I ended up being praised for my honesty. 我原以为我会因为打碎了玻璃而受到惩罚，但最终我因诚实而受到了表扬。 make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 (教材原句)For children of the digital age，social media makes this problem even worse.对于数字时代的孩子来说，社交媒体让这个问题变得更糟。 make 作及物动词时，意为“使某人/某物做什么/怎么样”，其后除接名词或代词作宾语外，还要在宾语后面加上宾语补足语，组成复合宾语。 (1)“make＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语作宾语补足语”意为“使……处于某种状态”，此处的形容词一般表示人的感受或情绪； (2)“make＋宾语＋名词(短语)作宾语补足语”意为 “使或让某人成为……； 使……当……”(宾语一般是人，表示职位的名词前通常不加冠词)； (3)“make＋宾语＋不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”意为“使或让某人做……”，宾语一般是人(这种结构中的动词不定式在被动语态中必须带上 to)； (4)“make＋宾语＋动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语补足语”意为“使……一直做某事”； (5)“make＋宾语＋动词-ed形式(短语)作宾语补足语意为“使/让别人做某事，使/让某事/物被……”，宾语补足语与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 [佳句背诵]　The bos，made the workess working from dawn to dark. 老板让工人们从黎明一直工作到天黑。 [名师点津]　当动词不定式短语或宾语从句作宾语时，为了使句子保持平衡，常用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，即： make＋it＋名词/形容词＋动词不定式短语/宾语从句。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Any child caught misbehaving was made to stand (stand) at the front of the class.　 ②Because of his limited English，he is afraid that he can't make himself understood (understand). ③She makes it a rule to keep (keep) her room neat and tidy after coming back from school. ④It is impolite of you to make the guests waiting (waiting) outside for such a long time. ⑤They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑥The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient． 网络使我们的生活变得容易、方便。 show off 显示，展示，炫耀，卖弄 (教材原句)Your friends may post a never-ending series of photos online to show off their beautiful dresses or strong bodies，and it becomes easier for you to compare yourself to them.你的朋友可能会无休止地在网上发自拍，炫耀他们漂亮的衣服或强壮的体格，你会更容易陷入和他们的比较之中。 (1)show sb. around/round (sth.) 领(某人)参观；带(某人)巡视 (2)show up 如约赶到；出现；露面 (3)show sb.sth.＝show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物；给某人展示某物 (4)be on show (某物)在展览，在展出 [佳句背诵]　Some people think the pursuit of fashion is only a way to show off wealth. 有些人认为追求时尚只是一种炫耀财富的方式。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It will be very embarrassing if you show off before the experts. ②Bob had promised to come to the party in person but he didn't show up． ③People didn't know about it，because he didn't show it to the public until he was 84 years old! ④Quite a number of world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.　 ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤If I have time，I will show you around/round our factory． 如果我有时间，我将领你参观我们的工厂。 strength n．优势；力气，力量；实力 (教材原句) Focusing on your strengths also helps you build your confidence. 专注于自己的强项也能帮你建立自信。 (1)strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势，优缺点 (2) strengthen vt. 加强 strong adj. 强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的 strongly adv. 强烈地；坚固地；强有力地 [佳句背诵]　It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again. 可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①You'd better save your strength (strong) for tomorrow's mountain climbing. ②I feel strongly (strong) against allowing that kind of action in my classroom. ③Any experience can teach and strengthen (strength) you，particularly the difficult ones. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④It's important to know your own strengths and weaknesses． 了解你自己的优缺点很重要。 [语境串记]　In order to strengthen his body，Tom takes exercise every day，and now he has become so strong that he has enough strength to carry big stones.为了增强体质，汤姆每天都锻炼身体，现在他已经变得非常强壮，有足够的力气搬大石头了。 talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才 (教材原句)Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano，so take pride in things you do well instead of worrying about things you cannot change. 每个人都有自己的天赋——你也许擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以要为自己擅长的事感到自豪，而不要为你无法改变的事而烦恼。 (1)have/show a talent for 有/表现出……的天赋 (2) talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 [佳句背诵]　She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed talent for art when he was only six years of age. ②As China edges closer to the grand goal of realizing its great rejuvenation(复兴)，the nation is more eager for talented (talent) people than at any period in history. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③She is proud that both of her children have a talent for music． 她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。 [语境串记]　The little boy showed a great talent for painting.We all believed he would become a talented artist.这个小男孩展现出非凡的绘画天赋。我们都相信他会成为一个有才华的艺术家。 take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲 (教材原句)Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano，so take pride in things you do well instead of worrying about things you cannot change. 每个人都有自己的天赋——你也许擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以要为自己擅长的事感到自豪，而不要为你无法改变的事而烦恼。 (1)with pride 骄傲地；自豪地 (2)be proud of＝take pride in 为……自豪 be proud to do ... 对做……感到自豪 (3)proudly adv. 自豪地，骄傲地 [佳句背诵]　We take pride in offering you the highest standards. 我们为向您提供最高标准的服务而感到自豪。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①We take pride in the great achievements of our socialist construction. ②My grandfather told his grandchildren the stories of his military life with pride. ③He was proud of the fact that he was a self-made man. ④She is very proud to be (be) a student in Beijing University. ◎能力提升——一句多译 我们有理由为我们的祖国感到自豪。 ⑤We have every reason to take pride in our motherland.(pride) ⑥We have every reason to be proud of our motherland.(proud) content n．内容；目录 (教材原句)However，like a book，your contents are much more important than your cover. 然而就像一本书，内容要远比封面重要。 (1)to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地 (2)content oneself with sth. 满足于……；对……感到满意 (3)be content with sth. 对某事满意/满足 be content to do sth. 满足于做某事；乐意做某事 [佳句背诵]　Fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building. 大火导致那栋楼里的东西严重损毁。 [名师点津]　content还可用作动词，意为“使满意，使满足”；用作形容词，意为“满意的，满足的”。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①My parents are content to live (live) in the country，where the air is fresh and clean. ②We should never content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books. ③She is not content with her present life and wishes to take steps to improve it. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④You can read to your heart's content in the library. 你可以在图书馆里尽情地阅读。 维度一　单词拼写 1．As the saying(格言)goes，“There's no smoke without fire.” 2．More females than males(男性)are employed in the factory. 3．This is a good book so far as its content(内容)is concerned. 4．Police discovered a digital(数码的)camera in the drawer with images of the two of them together. 5．These people have been living for years under the shadow(阴影)of fear. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．The beauty (beautiful) of this picture consists in its balance of colours. 2．My brother showed a talent for music when he was very young. 3．He is so hungry that he doesn't have enough strength (strong) to lift the box. 4．It was a remarkable achievement (achieve) for such a young player. 5．The advertisers show us the latest fashionable (fashion) styles. 维度三　完成句子 1．Correct mistakes if you have made any and guard against them if you have not. 如果你犯了错误就改正，如果你没有犯错误就要提防。 2．I will do whatever I can to live up to my teacher and parents' expectations. 我会尽我所能不辜负老师和父母的期望。 课时精练(十六)　Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．We must cut down on the amount(数量)of material we use to bring down the cost of our products. 2．As the saying(谚语) goes，a man depends upon his parents at home and upon his friends abroad. 3．Digital(数字的)technology helps us to communicate with each other more easily. 4．It is a very popular app(应用程序)in China，which makes people's communication easier. 5．He suffered loss of memory(记忆)for months after the accident. 6．The bottle is made of plastic(塑料)instead of glass so it should not be heated. 7．You need to be able to handle pressure(压力)in this job. 8．According to a report，the female usually lives longer than the male. 9．They have so tight a schedule that they almost have no time to eat. 10．The whole experience was definitely more positive than negative． 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．He was so tired that he had hardly enough strength (strong) to move his feet. 2．You should learn to enjoy the beauty (beautiful) of nature and the fun of life. 3．The earlier the treatment (treat) is given，the more likely the patient will recover. 4．That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live (live) in the country. 5．At first they hated each other，but they ended up becoming (become) good friends. 6．Our clothes are lightweight，fashionable (fashion) and practical for both daily life and holidays. 7．It is well-known that Beethoven is a talented (talent) musician. 8．I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 9．An accurate diagnosis was made after a series of tests. 10．You could only really tell the effects of the disease in the long term，and five years wasn't long enough. 维度三　完成句子 1．She likes to show off her fine clothes. 她喜欢炫耀她的精美衣服。 2．To save class time，our teacher has us complete the other half for our homework. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们剩下的一半的练习作为家庭作业完成。 3．A good friend is the people who makes you happy． 好朋友是让你开心的人。 4．Success doesn't only depend on what you do but also what you don't do． 成功不仅取决于你做什么，还取决于你不做什么。 5．I will work harder to live up to your trust. 我会更加努力工作不辜负您的信任。 维度四　课文语法填空 Dark thoughts about physical appearance can have a negative effect 1.on people of both sexes，of any shape or size. Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle—these 2.standards(standard) are simply impossible for most of the people to live up to.They will only end up 3.feeling (feel) worse about themselves. Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.If you have friends 4.who/that are among the lucky ones，it can feel like you are living in their shadow.For children of the digital age，social media makes this problem even 5.worse(bad).It becomes easier for you to compare 6.yourself(you) to them. However，there 7.are(be) certainly ways to deal with them.First of all，be careful not to follow popular beauty standards 8.blindly(blind).Another tip is to remind yourself that you are unique，9.and that your family and friends love you just the way you are.Finally，it is a good idea 10.to try(try) to direct your attention away from negative thoughts. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 If you want to live longer and lower the risk of heart disease，a move to the mountains may help.Research by scientists in Greece shows that living in the mountains is good for the heart and longevity(长寿).People living at higher altitude(海拔)have lower possibility of dying from heart disease than those closer to sea level，even if they have factors that could increase their risk.“Residence in mountainous areas seems to have a ‘protective effect’ from heart disease，”said Dr Nikos Baibas of the University of Athens.He and his colleagues suspect that the increased exercise from walking up mountainous area gives the heart a good workout and enables it to cope with lower levels of oxygen. Researchers studied the health records and death rates of 1，150 Greeks who lived in three villages near Athens over 15 years.One village was 1，000 meters above sea level and the other two were in low-lying areas.Although men and women living in the mountainous village had higher blood pressure rates and other risk factors than people in the other villages，they had a lower rate of death from heart disease and other causes after a fifteen year follow-up.“The contrast was more evident among men than among women，”Baibas added in a report in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.Heart disease is one of the world's top killers.Smoking，high blood pressure，raised cholesterol levels，being overweight and a family history of the illness increase the possibility of developing the disease. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多年研究表明居住在高海拔地区的人们死于心脏病的几率要比低海拔地区的人们低。 1．What is the purpose of the first sentence in the passage? A．To give a very good guessing. B．To tell readers what the passage focuses on. C．To warn people of the risk of heart disease. D．To name a new unknown illness. B　[写作手法题。根据第一段中“If you want to live longer and lower the risk of heart disease，a move to the mountains may help.”可知，如果我们想长寿、降低心脏病的风险可以搬去山里住，这让读者明白了全文谈论的主题，故选B项。] 2．According to the passage，a person may have less possibility of having heart attack. A．from higher altitude B．with a better living habit C．with more money D．in a happier mood A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“People living at higher altitude(海拔) have lower possibility of dying from heart disease than those closer to sea level，even if they have factors that could increase their risk.”可知，居住在高海拔地区的人们死于心脏病的几率要比低海拔地区的人们低，故选A项。] 3．How long does the research of the Greeks last? A．At most 10 years. B．Not mentioned. C．More than 20 years. D．About 15 years. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers studied the health records and death rates of 1，150 Greeks who lived in three villages near Athens over 15 years.”可知，这项研究持续了15年多，故选D项。] 4．Apart from altitude，how many factors raise the chance of developing heart disease? A．Three B．Four C．Five. D．Six. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Smoking，high blood pressure，raised cholesterol levels，being overweight and a family history of the illness increase the possibility of developing the disease.”可知，除了海拔以外，还有5点也会导致心脏病，故选C项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Pierre de Coubertin，the father of the Olympics，once said，“All 1 for all people.” Sports were also a big part of Jim's life.Jim was always on the team.But his favourite sport was football. One day in practice，something went horribly 2 ．Jim got seriously hurt.Doctors had to 3 his right leg below the knee.After weeks of treatment，Jim got a man-made leg.“I felt like a baby，because I had to learn how to 4 again，” he said.However，Jim never lost his 5 spirit.“I took it on just as a 6 ．” he explains. One goal kept Jim 7 ．“I was determined to get back and play football.” he says.His coach and teammates visit him，offering their 8 ． When Jim returned to school，he was in a wheelchair.Jim's school had a top football team.Would Jim be able to play at such a competitive level? At first，no one was 9 ．There was no need to worry.Before long，Jim mastered the use of his new 10 ．He was back on the football field and soon became one of the most 11 members of the team. Jim also 12 playing wheelchair basketball and wheelchair football.He competed in weightlifting(举重)for people with disability as well. Jim always says，“Don't try to be something you're not，be the 13 you can be.” Jim's best performance turns out to be better than anyone could have 14 ．Now he holds a world record for weightlifting.And he hopes to 15 in the Paralympics(残奥会). 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了运动员Jim在腿部截肢后还坚持进行体育运动的励志故事。 1．A．honour B．sports C．stress D．strength B　[根据下文“Sports were also a big part of Jim's life.”可知，全民进行体育运动(sports)。] 2．A．strange B．unique C．narrow D．wrong D　[根据下文“Jim got seriously hurt.”可知，训练出了严重的差错(wrong)，导致Jim受伤了。] 3．A．work out B．cut off C．focus on D．apply for B　[根据上文“Jim got seriously hurt.”及下文“Jim got a man-made leg”可知，Jim受伤后，医生不得不切除(cut off)他的部分右腿。] 4．A．quit B．hike C．survive D．walk D　[根据上文“Jim got a man-made leg”及“like a baby”可知，Jim换上假腿后，感觉自己像个婴儿，需要重新学习走路(walk)。] 5．A．fighting B．commenting C．comparing D．winning A　[ 根据下文“I was determined to get back and play football.”可知，Jim从未放弃继续战斗(fight)的精神。] 6．A．request B．legend C．challenge D．friendship C　[根据上文“I had to learn how to walk again”及“Jim never lost his fighting spirit”可知，Jim从未放弃，而是将它当作一次挑战(challenge)。] 7．A．pretending B．going C．graduating D．searching B　[根据下文“I was determined to get back and play football.”可推知，此处指Jim想回去踢足球的决心是让Jim继续前进的目标。keep sb. going意为“使某人继续前行”。] 8．A．support B．source C．destination D．diet A　[根据上文“I was determined to get back and play football.”及“His coach and teammates visit him，offering their”可推知，教练和队友对Jim的愿望给予支持(support)。] 9．A．sure B．successful C．official D．graceful A　[根据上文的问题“Would Jim be able to play at such a competitive level？”及下文“He was back on the football field”可知，Jim重回足球场之前，无人能确定(sure)Jim能在如此有竞争力的水平上比赛。] 10．A．castle B．flight C．leg D．tool C　[根据上文“Jim got a man-made leg”及“I had to learn how to walk again”可推知，Jim很快就掌握了新安装的腿(leg)的用法。] 11．A．injured B．valuable C．unusual D．expensive B　[根据上文“He was back on the football field”及下文“Jim's best performance turns out to be better than anyone”可知，Jim回到了足球场上，并且成了球队中最有价值的(valuable)成员之一。] 12．A．admired B．considered C．remembered D．began D　[根据下文“playing wheelchair basketball and wheelchair football”可知，Jim安上假腿后也开始(begin)打轮椅篮球、踢轮椅足球。] 13．A．biggest B．tallest C．best D．wisest C　[根据上文“Don't try to be something you're not”及下文“you can be”可知，Jim让大家成为最好的(best)自己。] 14．A．known B．realized C．expected D．provided C　[根据上文“better than anyone could have”及下文“Now he holds a world record for weightlifting.”可知，Jim的最佳表现超出了所有人的预期(expect)。] 15．A．cheat B．cheer C．sweat D．compete D　[根据下文“in the Paralympics”可推知，Jim希望参加(compete)残奥会中的比赛。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Nowadays，it seems that many are becoming more and more focused on eating a plant-based diet and leaving out animal 1. (product).For meat lovers，a new study has found a link 2. how much meat a person eats and an increased risk of premature death. According to research 3. (publish) in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition，people who ate more red meat or processed meat in their diet had a 4. (high) chance of dying from a long-lasting disease.5. new research looked at data from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study，an ongoing study that's tracking risk factors for cardiovascular(心脏血管的)disease among middle-aged men from eastern Finland.The study population 6. (make) up of 2，641 Finnish men between the ages of 42 and 60 when the study began between 1984 and 1989. Researchers followed up with the men after 20 years — 1，225 of them had died.Those 7. ate seven ounces or more of red or processed meat daily—or got the 8. (major) of their protein from meat—had a 23 percent higher risk of premature death，according to Science Daily.This isn't 9. (actual) the first strike against red or processed meat: red or processed meat can increase your chances of 10. (get) this disease. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明吃肉多的人容易患心血管疾病，早死的几率大。 1．解析：　products　考查名词的单复数。句意：如今，似乎越来越多的人开始注重以植物为主的饮食，而忽略了动物产品。product是可数名词，前无冠词，故本空应用复数形式。 2．解析：　between　考查介词。句意：对于爱吃肉的人来说，一项新的研究发现，一个人吃多少肉与过早死亡的风险增加之间存在联系。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，依据语境可知是找到了两者之间的关系，故填between。 3．解析：　published　 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上的一项研究，饮食中食用较多红肉或加工肉类的人死于一种长期疾病的几率更高。本空动词publish修饰名词research，且两者之间为被动关系，故本空应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。 4．解析：　higher　考查形容词比较级。句意同上。依据句中的who ate more red meat可知此处需用比较级形式。 5．解析：　The　 考查冠词。句意：这项新研究参考了库奥皮奥缺血性心脏病风险因素研究的数据。前文已经提及这个research，此处为再次提及，故应用定冠词the。 6．解析：　was made　 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：研究对象由2，641名年龄在42岁至60岁之间的芬兰男性组成，研究开始于1984年至1989年。be made up of意为“由……构成”，根据between 1984 and 1989可知本空应用一般过去时，故本空应填was made。 7．解析：　who　考查定语从句。句意：据《每日科学》报道，那些每天吃7盎司或更多的红肉或加工肉类，或从肉类中获取大部分蛋白质的人，过早死亡的风险要高出23%。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词Those，本空在从句中作主语指人，故本空应用关系代词who引导定语从句。 8．解析：　majority　考查词性转换。句意同上。the majority of“大多数……”。 9．解析：　actually　考查词性转换。句意：事实上，这并不是针对红肉或加工肉类的第一次攻击：红肉或加工肉类会增加你患这种疾病的机会。本空修饰动词isn't，故应用副词形式actually。 10．解析：　getting　考查非谓语动词。介词of后应用动词-ing形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $