UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（外研版）

主题语境：人与自然——人与动物的关系 单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书第128页 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending Step One：Pre-reading Look at the title and answer the questions. 1．What does “Monarch” in the title refer to? The monarch butterfly(黑脉金斑蝶)，a kind of beautiful insect with fine black and orange wings. 2．What does “Journey” mean in the title? It means migration. Step Two: While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea. 　What's the main idea of the text? A．The routes of the Monarch's migration. B．The reasons of the Monarch's migration. C．The significance of the Monarch's migration. D．The study of the Monarch's migration. 答案：D Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part. 　　　 D．The introduction of monarch butterfly's migration. 答案：Part 1 C　Part 2 D　Part 3 B　Part 4 A Ⅲ.Read for the structure. Ⅳ.Read for details. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To tell us what migration is exactly. B．To tell us the reason for migration. C．To introduce the topic of the passage. D．To tell us how many animals migrate. 2．The monarch butterfly migrates to every autumn. A．find a partner B．spend the winter C．tell the time of day D．measure the position of the sun 学生用书第129页 3.What will probably happen to the North American monarch butterfly if it is cloudy? A．It may lose its way. B．It can't see anything. C．It can't find any food. D．It will feel very cold. 4．What does the word “crash” in Para.4 mean? A．Succeed.　 B．Fail. C．Increase. D．Drop. 5．Which section is this article likely to appear in the newspaper? A．Sports. B．Health. C．Hobby. D．Wildlife. 答案：1－5：CBADD Step Three: Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1． [尝试翻译] 这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向。 2． [尝试翻译] 人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　They migrate to find food, seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather. 学后仿写　为了提高人们对环境问题的认识，政府在全国范围内发起了一个项目。 To raise people's awareness of environmental issues，a nationwide project was launched by the government. 2．教材佳句　The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 学后仿写　我们对自然了解得越多，我们在野外生存就更容易。 The more we know about nature，the easier it is for us to survive in the wild. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What spirit can you learn from the monarch butterflies？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) They devote every effort to migration，and their amazing ability to migrate makes us feel surprised.We learn that as long as we persevere，we will succeed. 2．If you were the butterfly，will you overcome all the difficulties to reach a warmer place？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) Yes，I will.Although I may suffer a lot when dealing with the difficulties，I will enjoy a brighter future and live a better life. 学生用书第130页 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①from one place to another从一个地方到另一个地方 ②annual/'ænjuəl/adj.一年一度的，每年的 annual meeting年会 annual report年度报告 ③seek/siːk/v.寻找，寻求 ④in search of寻找 ⑤wonderful adj.令人惊奇的，令人赞叹的 ⑥insect/'ɪnsekt/n.昆虫 ⑦somehow/'sʌmhaʊ/adv.用某种方法，不知怎么地 anyhow adv.无论如何 ⑧manage v．完成(困难的事)，勉力完成 manage to do sth设法做成某事 ⑨lead(led，led，leading)v.掌管，领导，率领；过(某种生活)vi.导致，造成 lead to...导致…… ⑩professor/prə'fesə/n.教授 ⑪measure/'meʒə/v.量，测量 ⑫position/pə'zɪʃ(ə)n/n.位置 ⑬allow vt.允许 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 allow doing sth允许做某事 be allowed to do sth被允许做某事 allow for考虑到 ⑭determine/dɪ'tɜːmɪn/v.测定，确定 ⑮eventually/ɪ'ventʃuəli/adv.终于，最终 ⑯solution/sə'luːʃ(ə)n/n.解决，解决方法 a solution to...……的解决方法 ⑰amazing/ə'meɪzɪŋ/adj.惊人的，了不起的 ⑱population n．数量，人口 ⑲crash/kræʃ/v.暴跌 ⑳per cent/pə'sent/n.百分比(＝percent) fifty per cent百分之五十 ㉑destroy/dɪ'strɔɪ/v.破坏，毁掉 ㉒cut down砍倒；减少 ㉓chemical/'kemɪk(ə)l/n.化学品 ㉔behaviour n．行为，举止 behave v．表现；表现得体 behave oneself表现良好；行为良好 ㉕awareness n．认识，意识 ㉖creature/'kriːtʃə/n.生物，动物 ㉗survive/sə'vaɪv/v.活下来，幸存 文化采风 黑脉金斑蝶(monarch butterfly)呈世界性分布，但主要分布于北美至南美地区。其翅膀为橙色，翅脉为黑色，翅缘的黑色中点缀有两列白色斑点。每年秋季，成千上万的黑脉金斑蝶向南迁徙越冬。 ◎……………………………………………………………………………………… The Monarch's Journey 1 Many animals move from one place to another① at certain times of the year.This annual② movement is called migration.They migrate to find food，seek③ a partner，or in search of④ warmer weather.One of the most wonderful⑤ migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly [1]. [1]本句是简单句，句中的that作表语，指代的是one of the most wonderful migrations。 2 Every autumn，millions of these beautiful insects⑥ with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow⑦ they manage to⑧ travel around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico.However，until recently no one knew how they did this [2]. [2]how they did this是how引导的宾语从句，作knew的宾语。 3 A team of scientists led⑨ by Professor⑩ Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington [3] has now found the answer.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure⑪ the position⑫ of the sun.These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow⑬ the butterfly to determine⑭ the way to go. [4] Eventually ⑮，it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter [5]. [3]led by...Washington是动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语A team of scientists。因为A team of scientists和lead是逻辑上的动宾关系，故这里用动词-ed形式。 [4]本句中the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky是information的同位语，where the sun is in the sky是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the point。 [5]where it will spend the winter是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the places，where在从句中作地点状语。 4 The solution⑯ to the mystery of the monarch's amazing⑰ ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble [6].Its population⑱ 学生用书第131页 has crashed⑲ by as much as 90 per cent⑳ in the last few years.Sadly，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling [7].In many of the places where the butterfly can be found，people are destroying㉑ the natural environment.They cut down㉒ trees and use chemicals㉓ that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat [8]. [6]when it is in serious trouble是when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a time，when在句中作时间状语。 [7]why the number of monarch butterflies is falling是why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the main reason，why在句中作原因状语。 [8]that kill...eat是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词chemicals，that在该从句中作主语；其中“that monarch caterpillars eat”也是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词plants，that在该从句中作宾语。 5 The research on the monarch's behaviour㉔ has however led to a greater awareness㉕ of this creature㉖.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on. [9] If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive㉗ and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. [10] [9]本句中have been working是现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，还可能延续下去。 [10]The more...，the greater...是“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ 黑脉金斑蝶的旅程 1 许多动物都会在每年的特定时间从一处迁移到另一处。这种一年一度的行为叫作“迁徙”。它们为了觅食、寻找配偶或更温暖的环境而迁徙。自然界最为壮观的迁徙之一就是北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙。 2 每年秋天，数百万只这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开启漫长且艰辛的旅程。它们总是能够完成约4 000千米的南行旅程，成功到达(美国)加利福尼亚州或墨西哥。然而，直到最近人们才明白它们是如何做到的。 3 一支由伊莱·史利泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。他们发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断时间，并能用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向，最终成功抵达过冬的地点。 学生用书第132页 4 黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。其数量在近年内减少了百分之九十之多。可悲的是，人类活动是造成其数量下降的主要原因。在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正破坏着那里的自然环境。他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。 5 不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究也使得人们对这种生物有了更多的了解。人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能再次回升。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。 课时测评17　Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas－Comprehending (时间：30分钟　满分：26分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共16分) A (2024·江苏高一期中) Like human armies，army ants smoothed out anything in their path.They make a habit of finding foods，often much larger than themselves，breaking them into pieces and dragging the pieces back to their camps.But they do not eat them out，with their army bases full of rubbish.But little is known about which kind of animals feed on army ant leavings.Christoph von Beeren at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Daniel Kronauer at the Rockefeller University in New York went to the rainforests of Costa Rica to find out.They found a whole ecosystem (生态系统) depends on the left foods to survive. Watching little insects (昆虫) in a rainforest is much tougher—one reason why these cleaners had not been examined before.But the researchers hoped modern DNA analysis techniques might make the job easier.Working with a team of co-workers，they followed ants back to their camps，finding 34 places in total. The researchers collected all the insects at each place and brought them back to laboratory.In total，they collected 8，364 adult beetles (甲壳虫)，511 beetle babies and 24 beetle eggs.Those were spread across 91 species，several of which were new to science.Far beyond what anyone had expected，these figures suggest that the left foods are not fast-food restaurants but homes，where the beetles live from birth to death. How these species manage to avoid being eaten by their army-ant hosts is still a mystery.Dr von Beeren guessed that it partly depends on the fact that ants need them to keep their camps clean or partly depends on the fact that many species of beetles are able to produce chemicals that smell bad to ants. The research only has shown a little of what is going on in the rubbish.Besides beetles，there were other kinds of insects that the team simply did not have time to study and they were of equal importance to their study according to Dr Daniel Kronauer. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。 1．Why did the researchers go to the rainforest? A．They wanted to study ants. B．They wanted to prove their arguments. C．They wanted to solve the mystery. D．They wanted to enjoy nature. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“But little is known... left foods to survive.”可知，研究者去雨林是为了解开奥密——哪种动物以行军蚁的剩余食物为食。故选C项。 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．All the beetles found were already known. B．Modern techniques did make the job easier. C．It was easy for people to study insects in forest. D．Not just beetles fed on the left foods to survive. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“Besides beetles... according to Dr Daniel Kronauer.”可知，除了甲壳虫，还有其他昆虫以行军蚁的残留食物为食。故选D项。 3．What might the researchers do next? A．To study other insects feeding on ants' left food. B．To find more about the life of ants in the rainforests. C．To make further study on beetles feeding on ants' left food. D．To find more about the ecosystem in the rainforests. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Besides beetles... according to Dr Daniel Kronauer.”可知，研究者接下来应该会研究其他以行军蚁残留食物为食的昆虫。故选A项。 4．Where does this passage probably come from? A．A geographic magazine. B．A fashion column. C．A science fiction. D．A scientific journal. 答案：D 解析：文章出处题。由文章第一段“But little is known... left foods to survive.”以及全文可知，文章主要讲科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。所以本篇文章可能来自于一本科学期刊。故选D项。 B (2024·绵阳高一期中) Small endangered animals are often hard to find in their natural habitats，making it difficult for scientists to spot (发现) them and develop protection plans.But new technologies can help.Australian researchers have equipped flying drones (遥控飞机) with cameras so they can spot koalas hiding high in trees. Koalas spend most of their lives in eucalyptus trees (桉树)，whose leaves are their favorite food.Since the leaves are low in calories and nutritional content，koalas are not very active—they sleep up to 20 hours a day.Living in high branches，they are not easy to spot from the ground，and they have few natural predators (捕食者).The greatest threat to them is that lots of trees are being cut down.“Every tree in Australia must be protected.Otherwise the koala is going to become extinct，” said Deborah Tabart. It's important to know where koalas live and how many of them are left.Using drones with cameras to do the research was an untested concept.Gavin Broadbent，one of the scientists，said they were doubtful at first.“But when we saw the images，we saw the koalas were very clear compared to the trees and the environment.So we thought，yes，this is absolutely a proof of a concept that could work，” he said. The images sent back to a computer clearly show the animal's position，even from a distance far enough away not to disturb its sleep.Scientists can scan the trees from all angles，picking out koalas even in the thick branches. Scientists say it is now clear that drones with cameras can be used for spotting，and perhaps saving other animals in the wild. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚研究人员为无人机配备摄像头，帮助发现躲在树上的考拉，以便为其制定保护计划。 5．What can we learn about koalas from the second paragraph? A．Koalas have nothing to eat but eucalyptus leaves. B．Koalas' food is high in calories，so they are fat. C．Koalas like to jump from one tree to another. D．Koalas live in high branches so they are difficult to spot. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Living in high branches...few natural predators (捕食者).”可知，考拉生活在高大的树枝上，很难在地上发现它们。故选D。 6．What is making the number of koalas decrease? A．Hunting. B．Their natural predators. C．Destruction of their habitat. D．Climate change. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The greatest threat... cut down.”可知，造成考拉数量减少的原因是栖息地被破坏。故选C。 7．Which of the following is NOT true about the new method to spot koalas? A．The concept of this new method has been tested by researchers. B．The pictures shot by the cameras clearly show koalas' position. C．It can be carried out without disturbing koalas' sleep. D．The koalas in the thick branches can be picked out with this method. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，摄像头拍摄的考拉位置很清楚，在很远的距离就可以拍摄的到而不会影响考拉休息，同时，还可以在茂密的地区找到考拉，所有这些都是新设备发现考拉的优点，只有A选项没有涉及到。故选A。 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Koalas live happily in Australia. B．Drones help scientists spot endangered koalas. C．Measures must be taken to protect koalas' habitat. D．The number of the koalas is decreasing sharply. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并结合全文主要介绍的是澳大利亚研究人员为无人机配备摄像头，帮助发现躲在树上的考拉，以便为其制定保护计划。由此可知，本篇文章主要讲了无人机帮助科学家发现濒临灭绝的考拉。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·邯郸高一期中) As days are getting shorter and colder，people can often find themselves feeling sad or lacking the motivation to do anything.One possible reason for those feelings is seasonal affective disorder (SAD)，which is common during the cold months. 1 If your dog loses interest in its favourite games or walks，they may be experiencing it.Here's how to give your dog's mood a boost. Pay close attention to your dog's behaviour. Analyzing your dog's behaviour will help you get a better understanding of whether they may be feeling sad. 2 Knowing what to expect throughout the day and feeling comfortable in their surroundings is very important for a dog. 3 Even when you're inside，make sure to spend time playing or training your dog.Try to come up with new games that require you to interact with your dog.This is a great way to get your pet excited and boost their mood，and yours，too. Provide them with as much sunlight as possible. As with humans，the lack of sunlight during the winter can cause lower mood levels，so it is very important for your dog to get as much sunlight exposure as possible. 4 You can also try other strategies such as moving their bed closer to a window，or even use more artificial lighting. Ensure your dogs get exercise during the day. The winter months are colder and darker，and it might be inviting to skip an exercise or a walk outside，but much like humans，this can have a significant effect on your dog's mood. 5 A．Spend time interacting with your dog. B．Calm your dog down with relaxing activities. C．Whenever possible，take your dog outside for a walk. D．Observe their behaviour for a while and speak to a vet if needed. E．While we know people can suffer from SAD，can dogs get SAD too? F．Changes in routine or environment can cause your dog to feel unwell. G．Even a short walk can help improve your dog's mood and also your own. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在寒冷的月份帮助狗狗应对季节性情感障碍的几条建议。 1．答案：E 解析：前文“One possible reason... the cold months.”提出了季节性情感障碍这个问题，后文“If your dog... may be experiencing it.”说明了狗也会经历一种什么都不想干的情况，空格处应该填入与狗患季节性情感障碍有关的内容。因此，选项E能够承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 2．答案：F 解析：由前文“Analyzing your dog's... may be feeling sad.”可知，分析狗的行为是为了更好地了解它们是否感到沮丧。选项F能够承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 3．答案：A 解析：空格处是本段小标题，根据后文中的“Even when you're... interact with your dog.”可知，本段介绍的是要经常和狗狗进行互动。选项A说明了要花时间和狗互动，概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 4．答案：C 解析：根据本段小标题Provide them with as much sunlight as possible.以及下文“You can also... more artificial lighting.”可知，空格处应该是和让狗狗得到足够阳光的内容相关。选项C能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5．答案：G 解析：由前文“The winter months... your dog's mood.”可知，空格处应该是与运动改善狗狗情绪相关的内容。选项G说明了运动可以改善狗的情绪，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $