UNIT 6 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版）

UNIT 6　At one with nature Section Ⅳ　Grammar 定语从句(Ⅲ) 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 课时测评 3 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 　　Li Zhi has a big family in which he and his two brothers and three sisters were brought up.His parents are both farmers to whom the farming is the most important source of income.Although his family is not rich，they are living a plain but happy life from which Li Zhi has learned that true happiness lies in harmony and peace from daily life in his family. 我的发现 返回 ①“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系代词的用法是当先行词指人时，关系代词用______；其他情况一律用_______。 ②“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的介词的选用和它与定语从句中的______或________的常用搭配有关，有时也与句意有关。 whom which 动词 先行词 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 　　当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指人，用“介词＋whom”；如果指物，用“介词＋which”。 1．关系代词前介词选择的原则 (1)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词和介词的搭配关系选择。 There comes Tom，for whom I have been waiting an hour or so. 汤姆来了，我等了他大约一个小时了。 (2)根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。 The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist. 刚才和你们说话的老太太是一位著名的艺术家。 (3)根据句子的意思选择。 Thank you for your help，without which we couldn’t have finished the task on time.谢谢你的帮助，没有你的帮助，我们就不能按时完成任务。 巧学活用1 ——用“介词＋关系代词”填空 ①The position，however，___________ you are applying，is not quite a well-paid one. ②I’ve read many stories of Lei Feng，__________ this is the most touching one. ③Soon children in the camp had many new friends，___________ they shared stories and projects. ④Water is a thing _______________ man can’t live. ⑤Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future. for which of which with whom without which to which 2．“介词十关系代词”的几种常见结构 (1)“介词＋which”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where和why。 I often think of the moment at which(＝when) I saw the UFO. 我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。 The police searched the house in which(＝where) the thief had stayed. 警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。 I don’t know the reason for which (＝why) he performed badly.我不知道他为什么表现差。 (2)“代词/数词＋of＋which/whom”引导定语从句。 这个结构中，代词常常为all，each，one，many，much，most，some，none，both等，“代词＋of＋which/whom”通常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。有时候也可把“of＋which/whom”置于代词或数词前。 He has lots of hobbies，one of which is swimming.他有很多爱好，其中之一是游泳。 The old man has three sons，all of whom care about him.那位老人有三个儿子，他们都很关心他。 (3)“the＋名词＋of which/whom”引导定语从句。 这个结构中，of which/whom 充当定语，修饰前面的名词，整个结构相当于“whose＋名词”引导的定语从句。 I saw some trees，the leaves of which(＝whose leaves) were yellow with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黄。 On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence，the meaning of which(＝whose meaning) I don’t understand. 老师在黑板上写了一个句子，句子的意思我不明白。 (4)“the＋形容词比较级/最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导定语从句。 There are two buildings，the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet in height. 这儿有两座建筑物，较大的那座几乎有100英尺高。 巧学活用2 ——用含定语从句的句子改写 ①My grandparents have five children.All of children are teachers now. →My grandparents have five children，_____________ are teachers now. ②This was the reason.My father told me to join in a 30-day training in an English club for it. →This was the reason __________ my father told me to join in a 30-day training in an English club. ③I hope I never live to see the day when computers finally replace teachers. →I hope I never live to see the day _____________ computers finally replace teachers. all of whom for which on which ④I have ten books and half of them were written by the writer. →I have ten books，_______________ were written by the writer. ⑤In his office there are nine clerks.The youngest of them is Mr Wang. →In his office there are nine clerks，______________________ is Mr Wang. half of which the youngest of whom 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．We are in a position ____ which we may lose a large sum of money. 2．We are looking forward to the day ____ which we will get together. 3．There are some occasions ____ which one must give in. 4．Can you tell me the reason _____ which you didn’t come to her birthday party? 5．He has three sons，one of ______ is a doctor. 6．This kind of book is for children，the native language of ______ is Chinese. 7．The man pulled out a gold watch，the hands of _______ were made of small diamonds. in on on for whom whom which 8．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year，80% of _______ are sold abroad. 9．His glasses，_________ which he could see nothing，were broken. 10．At last we found the hole in the wall，_________ which the mouse got into the house last night. which without through 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．我来到这儿以后，交了一些朋友，从他们那儿我受益匪浅。 I made some friends __________________________ after I came here. 2．今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用该语言的情形。 Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases _______________________________ _____________ the language properly. 3．我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。 I don’t like the way ____________________________________． from whom I benefited a lot where/in which beginners of English fail to use (that/in which) you speak to your parents 4．我们在学生中进行了一次调查，78%的学生投票支持Lee来当班长。 We made a survey among the students，______________ voted for Lee as their monitor. 5．我永远不会忘记她与我第一次见面的那一天。 I’ll never forget the day __________________________________________． 78% of whom on which/when she met me for the first time 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，用适当的“介词＋关系代词”完成语段 　　The film Princess Diaries tells a story of an American high school girl who woke up one day to find that her father was a king.Before she knew she was a princess，she was the most unpopular girl in school.Things changed when she knew she was a princess.She no longer had peace at the school 1.__________ she studied.She was frightened by those who only wanted to make a fool of her or use her.It turned out that the only people 2._________ she could depend were those who had always stood by her in the days 3.______________ she was unpopular.There were many moments 4.__________ she wanted to run away from this life，but in the end she was encouraged by her father’s letter and she was able to lead the life of a real princess.Princess Diaries is a really good film 5.____________ one can learn a lot，isn’t it？ in which on whom during which at which from which Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共8分) (2024·沧州高一期中) 　　There are two kinds of people: those who like to pack up leftovers as soon as dinner is over，and those who let leftovers sit out for a few hours so they can cool down. 　　However，both leaving leftovers out for a long period of time and adding hot items to the fridge can cause problems. 素能提升练 　　Whether you should immediately put food in the fridge or let it sit out to cool depends on its temperature.Dangerous bacterial (细菌的) growth happens between 41 and 135 degrees F．Potentially harmful bacteria grow most rapidly at these temperatures. 　　Placing lots of hot food in the fridge can raise the temperature of the fridge into this danger zone.Fridge temperatures should always be set below 40 degrees F．This may help the food get out of the danger zone as fast as possible. 　　However，there’s no harm in putting hot food directly into the fridge if you need to.If you are a forgetful person，or if you won’t be around to store the food after it has cooled enough，go ahead and put it in the fridge.Your fridge can handle the heat and get the food cooled quickly. 　　Food should never stay out at room temperature for more than two hours.Leftovers can become breeding grounds (滋生地) for dangerous bacteria if they’re left out too long and can make people sick. 　　“It is OK to leave the food cooling outside before you hit the two-hour mark，” says Serena Poon，nutritionist of Le Cordon Bleu’s Grand Diploma training program.“In fact，the sooner you can get your leftovers in the fridge，the better.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了热食直接放入冰箱冷却保存还是先放在外面冷却后再放入冰箱保存的问题。作者提出了自己的看法：是否立即将热食放入冰箱可根据热食的温度进行决定，不过对于直接将热食放于冰箱，作者也支持。 1．Which temperature most contributes to the growth of harmful bacteria? A．Below 40 degrees F. B．Between 39－40 degrees F. C．Between 41－135 degrees F. D．Above 135 degrees F. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dangerous bacterial... at these temperatures.”可知，在41－135华氏度之间温度最容易滋生有害细菌。故选C项。 √ 2．What is the author’s attitude towards putting hot food directly into the fridge? A．Unclear. B．Neutral. C．Worried. D．Unconcerned. 观点态度题。根据第二段内容和第五段中的“However，there’s no harm... you need to.”可推断，作者对直接把热食放入冰箱冷却的做法的态度是中立的。故选B项。 √ 3．What does Serena Poon suggest doing about the leftovers? A．Dividing them into small parts. B．Storing them in the fridge right away. C．Waiting until they cool down completely outside. D．Leaving them sitting at room temperature for two hours. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，潘瑟琳建议尽快将剩菜放在冰箱冷却。故选B项。 √ 4．What is the best title for the text? A．When to Pack up Leftovers B．How to Prevent Bacterial Growth C．To Cool Food outside or in the Fridge D．A Good Idea to Store Food in the Fridge 标题归纳题。根据文章大意以及第一段内容可知，本文主要讨论了热食直接放入冰箱冷却保存还是先放在外面冷却后再放入冰箱保存的问题。作者提出了自己的看法：是否立即将热食放入冰箱可根据热食的温度进行决定，不过对于直接将热食放于冰箱，作者也支持。故选C项。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·宜昌高一期中) 　　It has been widely accepted that dinosaurs died out because of 1.________ unexpected incident.But wildlife today 2.____________________________ (disappear) or is in danger just because humans do harm to it.For example，tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets；grassland 3.____________ (destroy) without mercy(怜悯) so that a lot of animals can only live in secure reserves. an disappears/has disappeared is destroyed 　　Last year，scientists saw some monkeys making use of a certain kind of insects to protect themselves 4.________ fierce mosquitoes.After a careful study，scientists found that the insects contain a 5.________ (power)drug.Then local farmers were employed 6.________ (catch) the insects to make medicine.The result was 7.________ the insects disappeared from the whole area.When the farmers were told that it was a loss to humans，they burst into laughter and responded，“The real loss is 8.________ (we) decreasing income.” 　　We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the 9.__________(important) of wildlife protection.Not until we succeed in 10.________ (let) wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief. from powerful to catch that our importance letting 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护环境的重要性，今天的野生动物消失或处于危险之中，仅仅是因为人类对它们造成了伤害。我们应该珍惜自然的平衡，更加重视野生动物保护的重要性。 1．答案：an       2．答案：disappears/has disappeared 考查冠词。incident为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一次事件”，且unexpected是发音为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据下文or is in danger可知应用一般现在时，或可用现在完成时，表示“已经消失”，主语为单数，故填disappears/has disappeared。 3．答案：is destroyed         4．答案：from     5．答案：powerful 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句中主语grassland与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实，应为一般现在时，且主语为单数，故填is destroyed。 考查介词。短语protect sth from...意为“使某物免受……”，故填from。 考查词性转换。drug为名词，需要用形容词修饰，故填powerful。 6．答案：to catch     7．答案：that     8．答案：our 考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to catch。 考查代词。income为名词需要用形容词修饰，应用形容词性物主代词，故填our。 考查代词。income为名词需要用形容词修饰，应用形容词性物主代词，故填our。 9．答案：importance     10．答案：letting 考查词性转换。根据上文the可知，应填名词，故填importance。 返回 考查非谓语动词。in为介词，后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填letting。 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $