UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（人教版）

本讲义围绕秘鲁地理、历史及旅游主题，构建从文本类型识别到语言输出的学习支架。先通过Pre-reading区分百科条目与旅游手册文本特征，再在While-reading中训练主旨归纳、细节匹配、结构分析能力，最后在Post-reading中进行词汇拓展、语法填空及写作仿写，辅以创造性（如列举中国古都）和批判性思维（如文化偏好论述）训练。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如对比不同文本类型提升分析能力，设计“文化对比论述”活动发展批判性思维。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后通过词汇表、语法练习等帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，体现文化意识与学习能力的协同发展。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Step One：Pre-reading Before you read，look through the texts quickly.Tell what types of text are they and why. Text 1 An encyclopedia entry(百科全书条目)because of its simple language，brief content，objective description and maps. Text 2 A travel brochure because of its vivid pictures，beautiful design，powerful and expressive language. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of text 1？ A.Introducing the Pacific coast. B.Introducing the geographical location，the history and the official language of Peru. C.Introducing the ancient Inca Empire. D.Introducing the Andes Mountains. 答案：B Ⅱ.Match the following tours with their special features 1.Amazon Rainforest Tour A.Countryside sights. 2.Machu Picchu Tour B.Unique Spanish and local Indian culture. 3.Cusco Tour C.The ancient city with Incas’ dry stone buildings. 4.Lake Titicaca Tour D.Unique plants and animals. 答案：1－4　DCBA Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1.Read the first passage and fill in the blanks below. (1)Location：on the Pacific coast of South America (2)Geographic characteristics：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast；the Andes Mountains；the Amazon rainforest (3)History：in the 1400s and 1500s，Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire；from 1500s to 1821，it was ruled by Spain (4)The main official language：Spanish 2.Read the second passage and answer the following questions. (1)What do the four tours have in common？ A.Accommodation. B.Transport. C.Activities. D.Number of travelling days. 学生用书⬇第57页 (2)What does the word “fit” in the second paragraph probably mean？ A.Enough space for people or things. B.A very strong emotion that you can’t control. C.The way that something is suitable for a particular person，space，etc. D.A short period of time when someone stops working. (3)What is the author’s intention of writing the second passage？ A.To recommend four tourist attractions of Peru. B.To tell people to travel as often as possible. C.To encourage people to do outdoor activities. D.To help people learn more about Peru. (4)Where does the second passage probably come from？ A.An agricultural magazine. B.A medical journey. C.An engineering textbook. D.A tourist brochure. 答案：(1)～(4)　DCAD 3.Cusco was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.In the Chinese history，some cities used to be the capital many times.Please list three of them.(创造性思维) Xi’an，Luoyang and Nanjing. 4.Which culture would you prefer，the Indian culture or the Chinese culture？ Why？(批判性思维) I prefer the Chinese culture.China is one of the four major ancient civilized countries.It has a long history and broad culture，which has a profound effect on the world. Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1.Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 结构分析：此句是复合句，so that 意思是“因此，所以”，引导的是结果状语从句。 汉语翻译：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 2.Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. 结构分析：此句是一个以动词原形开头的祈使句，省略了主语you，the capital of the Inca Empire是Cusco的同位语。 汉语翻译：在位于安第斯山脉上的库斯科游玩四天，尽享独特的西班牙与当地印第安文化。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。 Ⅱ.写作佳句 1.教材佳句　PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest. 学后仿写　加拿大是北美洲的一个国家，拥有广阔的自然景观。 Canada is a country on the North American continent，with vast natural sights. 2.教材佳句　A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. 学后仿写　从悉尼出发的短途飞行将你从现代城市带到澳大利亚的荒野。 A short flight from Sydney takes you from the modern city into the wilderness of Australian. 3.教材佳句　This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. 学后仿写　这次为期四天的徒步旅行将带你穿越瑞士阿尔卑斯山，一路上前往马特洪峰的山顶。 This four-day hiking trip will take you through the Swiss Alps on the way to the summit of Matterhorn. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 Peru is a country on the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean.It consists 1.of three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land 2.running 学生用书⬇第58页 (run)along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest. Spanish is the main official language of Peru.It is because Peru 3.was ruled (rule)by Spain from the 16th century to 1821.But before that，Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca Empire，and its emperor lived in what is now known as the site Machu Picchu. Peru is an 4.amazing (amaze)destination with something for tourists.Here 5.are (be)two of the four magical tours：Amazon Rainforest Tour and Machu Picchu Tour. In Amazon Rainforest Tour，you can first take 6.a short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then will travel for a day to your 7.accommodation (accommodate)by boat.In the following three days，you can explore the unique rainforest with a local guide.In the other tour，you can take a four-day hike through the Andes Mountains to the city of Machu Picchu.After 8.exploring (explore)the ancient city，you will find it very amazing，9.especially (especial)the Incas’ dry stone method of building.Inca builders cut stones so exactly 10.that nothing was needed to hold walls together. ……………………………………………………………………………………◎ 【词汇清障】 ①Peru /pə'ruː/秘鲁(国家名) ②narrow /'nærəʊ/adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 ③flat /flæt/adj.平坦的；扁平的 n.公寓；单元房 ④the Andes /'ændiːz/ Mountains 安第斯山脉 ⑤the Amazon /'æməzn/ rainforest 亚马孙雨林 ⑥in the 1400s＝in the 1400’s在15世纪 ⑦powerful /'paʊəfl/adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 ⑧the Inca /'ɪŋkə/ Empire 印加帝国 empire /'empaɪə(r)/n.帝国 ⑨emperor /'empərə(r)/n.皇帝 ⑩site /saɪt/n.地点；位置；现场 ⑪Machu Picchu /ˌmɑːtʃuː'piːktʃuː/马丘比丘 ⑫Spain /speɪn/西班牙(国家名) ⑬take control of 控制；接管 ⑭Spanish /'spænɪʃ/n.西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的 ⑮official /ə'fɪʃl/adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n.官员；要员 ⑯flight /flaɪt/n.空中航行；航班；航程 ⑰Cusco /'kʊskəʊ/库斯科(秘鲁城市) ⑱accommodation /əˌkɒmə'deɪʃn/n.住处；停留处；膳宿 ⑲spend ...(in) doing sth花费……做某事 ⑳unique /ju'niːk/adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 ※unique to sth是某物所特有的 ㉑path /pɑːθ/n.小路；路线；道路 ㉒on the way to在去……的路上 ※to为介词，此短语也可译为：……即将到来 ㉓destination /ˌdestɪ'neɪʃn/n.目的地；终点 ※reach one’s destination 到达目的地 ㉔other than 除……以外 ㉕admire /əd'maɪə(r)/vt.钦佩；赞赏 ※admire sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而钦佩某人 ㉖architecture /'ɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/n.建筑设计；建筑学 architect /'ɑːkɪtekt/n.建筑设计师 ㉗Lake Titicaca /ˌtɪtɪ'kɑːkɑː/的的喀喀湖 ㉘brochure /'brəʊʃə(r)；NAmE broʊ'ʃur/n.资料(或广告)手册 ㉙package tour 包价旅游 package /'pækɪdʒ/n.包裹；包装盒 vt.将……包装好 ㉚contact /'kɒntækt/vt.联络；联系 n.联系；接触 ◎…………………………………………………………………………………… Explore Peru (Text 1) PERU① is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow②，dry，flat③ land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains④，and the Amazon rainforest⑤. In the 1400s⑥ and 1500s，Peru was the centre of the powerful⑦ ancient Inca Empire⑧.The Inca emperor⑨ lived in the now-famous site⑩ Machu Picchu⑪.Spain⑫ took control of⑬ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish⑭ is the main official⑮ language of Peru. “It is for this reason that ...”是一个强调句型，强调原因状语for this reason。 (Text 2) TRAVEL PERU Amazon Rainforest Tour A short flight⑯ from Cusco⑰ takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest.From there，you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation⑱ in the middle of the forest.You can then spend three days exploring⑲ the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique⑳ to the rainforest. 本句使用了“...take(s) you...”句型，这是旅游英语中的常用句型。 学生用书⬇第59页 Machu Picchu Tour This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths㉑ through the Andes Mountains on the way to㉒ the city of Machu Picchu.After reaching your destination㉓，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than㉔ the perfect fit of the stones. “Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building.”是倒装句。为了强调表语Especially amazing而把它置于句首，句子采用完全倒装语序。 “so that nothing was needed to hold walls together...”是so that引导的结果状语从句。 Cusco Tour Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire㉕ the architecture㉖，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. 此句为祈使句，句中动词原形Stay，visit，admire，enjoy和go为并列关系。 ※当句子有多个(并列)谓语动词时，用and把最后两个连接起来。 Lake Titicaca Tour Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca㉗. There，a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days.Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake. “as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca”是as引导的时间状语从句。as在此相当于when或者while。connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰the new highway。 So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests，high mountains，and a beautiful coastline. 从句what Peru has to offer是what引导的宾语从句，作动词experience的宾语。冒号后的内容用于解释说明what。 For more brochures㉘ about other package tours㉙ around Peru，please contact㉚ us on our official website. 学生用书⬇第60页 ……………………………………………………………………………………◎ 探索秘鲁 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要区域：狭长、干燥、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉以及亚马孙雨林。 在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现在闻名于世的马丘比丘遗址。西班牙在16世纪开始控制秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 畅游秘鲁 亚马孙雨林之旅 在库斯科搭乘短程航班会让您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。您将从那儿乘一天船前往雨林深处的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 马丘比丘之旅 四天的徒步旅行，您将沿着奇妙的山径，在安第斯山脉中穿行，直抵马丘比丘市。到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 库斯科之旅 在位于安第斯山脉高处的库斯科游玩四天，尽享独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、欣赏建筑物、享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地市场购物(休闲)。 的的喀喀湖之旅 当您花一天的时间沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新公路驾车行驶时，欣赏一下美丽的乡村。在那里，将有小船把您送至岛上的当地乌鲁斯家族，共度三日(美好时光)。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住宅均由湖中的水生植物制成。 欢迎您来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里既有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，也有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。 要想获得更多有关秘鲁周边其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请登录官方网站联系我们。 ◎核心单词——练通 1.an international flight 国际航班 2.personal contact 私人的联系 3.the flat land 平坦的土地 4.the site for a new school 一个新学校的地点 5.his unique technique 他独特的技巧 6.sources of information 信息的来源 7.an official language 官方语言 8.these types of books 这些种类的书籍 9.the path through the woods 穿过树林的这条小路 10.public transport 公共交通 11.soldiers on duty 值勤的士兵 ◎拓展单词——用活 1.powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→power vt.驱动，推动(机器或车辆) n.力量；权力→powerless adj.无能为力的；无权的 2.recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n.认出；认识 学生用书⬇第61页 3.narrow adj.狭窄的vi.& vt.(使)变窄→narrowly adv.勉强地；狭隘地；严格地 4.accommodation n.住处；停留处；膳宿→accommodate vt.提供住宿 5.admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏 6.architecture n.建筑设计；建筑学→architect n.建筑设计师 1.规律：名词＋后缀-less构成形容词 示例：power n.力量；权力→powerless adj.无能为力的；无权的　hope n.希望→hopeless adj.无望的 2.规律：动词＋后缀-able构成形容词 示例：admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的　love vt.热爱→lovable adj.可爱的；惹人爱的 ◎阅读单词——识记 1.the empty empire 空虚的帝国 2.popular holiday destinations 受欢迎的度假胜地 3.a sightseeing brochure 一本观光手册 4.modern civilisation 现代文明 5.go hiking 去远足 6.the new emperor 新皇帝 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1.申请 apply for 2.控制；接管 take control of 3.为……做好准备 get ready for 4.鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 第二组　英译汉 5.other than 除……以外 6.make up 构成；形成 7.in the history of 在……历史上 8.come to power 执政 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1.句型公式　“It is/was...that...”强调句型 教材原句　It is for this reason that (正因为这个原因)Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 2.句型公式　表语置于句首的完全倒装句 教材原句　Especially amazing is (特别令人惊叹的是)the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 3.句型公式　so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；结果” 教材原句　Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed (以至于不要任何东西)to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 4.句型公式　as引导时间状语从句 教材原句　Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving (当你花一天的时间驾车行驶时)along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可(recognition n.认出；认识) (教材原句)Recognise text type 识别文本类型 be recognised as/to be... 被认为是…… It is recognised that... 人们认为…… 【佳句】 Sun Yat-sen，is often recognised as the Father of Modern China.(应用文写作之人物介绍) 孙中山通常被认为是现代中国之父。 【练透】——语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之环境保护 ①The Mona Lisa is recognised as/to be (被认为是) one of the most famous paintings in the history of art. 学生用书⬇第62页 ②I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond my recognition (recognise). ③人们意识到绿水青山最重要。 It is recognised that nothing is more important than green hills and clean water. other than 除……以外 (教材原句)Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 more than 超过；不止；非常 rather than 而不是 less than 少于 【佳句】 Nothing could set my mind at rest other than having a chance to make up for treating him that way.(读后续写之心理描写) 除了找机会弥补那样对待他之外，没有什么能让我安心的了。 【练透】——选词填空(other than/rather than)/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①Other than providing medical equipment，China has sent experts to help other countries. ②Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best way. ③她不仅是我们的老师，还是我们的朋友。 She is more than a teacher of us；she is our friend. admire vt.钦佩；赞赏(admiration n.钦佩；羡慕) (教材原句)Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. 您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、欣赏建筑物、享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地市场购物(休闲)。 admire sb for sth 因某事而钦佩某人 with admiration 钦佩地 【佳句】 I always admire how gracefully birds fly in the sky，moving effortlessly with the wind.(读后续写之动作描写) 我一直很欣赏鸟儿在天空中优雅地翱翔，随风自如地运动。 【练透】——语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之节日介绍 ①The teacher is admired for (受人钦佩) her great sense of responsibility. ②All the children stood there，watching the pianist with admiration (admire). ③中秋节是一个非常重要的节日，人们赏月、吃月饼。 Mid-Autumn Festival is an important festival when people admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes. contact vt.联络；联系n.联系；接触 (教材原句)For more brochures about other package tours around Peru，please contact us on our official website.要想获得更多有关秘鲁周边其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请登录官方网站联系我们。 in contact with 接触；与……有联系(表状态) keep/stay in contact with 与……保持联系 lose contact with 与……失去联系 (表动作) out of contact with 与……失去联系(表状态) 【佳句】 If there is anything else I can do for you，please contact me as soon as possible.(应用文写作之告知信) 如果还有我能为你做的，请尽快联系我。 【练透】——语段填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①I’ve lost contact with (与……失去联系) most of my school friends. ②I have been out of contact with (与……失去联系) her for three years. 学生用书⬇第63页 ③尽管搬到了另一个国家，她还是通过社交媒体与朋友们保持联系。 Even though she moved to another country，she kept/stayed in contact with her friends through social media. make up 构成；形成 (教材原句)These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west. 印加的道路由两条贯通南北的公路和许多横穿山脉连接东西的小路组成。 make up a team 组建一个队 make up for 弥补…… be made up of 由……组成 【佳句】 The experts and students will make up the judges. 专家和学生将组成评委。 【练透】——语段填空/句型转换 ①Three doctors and seven nurses made up (构成) the medical team. ②He will study hard to make up for (弥补) the lost time. ③The medical team was made up of three doctors and seven nurses.(把句①改为被动句式) Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：It is/was...that...强调句型 (教材原句)It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 强调句型基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分 强调句型需要注意以下几点： (1)该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调； (2)强调句型中的it 本身没有词义，但不能用其他词代替； (3)被强调部分是主语且主语为人时，用that/who均可，其他情况一律用that。 【佳句】 It was the process of writing，rather than the contest itself，that had changed me.(读后续写之心理描写) 使我改变的是写作的过程，而非比赛本身。 【练透】——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①It was at the cinema that I met an old friend of mine. ②It was not until I returned home that my mother went to bed. ③It was my sister who/that helped me out when I was in trouble. ④I met Mary on my way to school yesterday. →It was Mary that I met on my way to school yesterday.(强调宾语) →It was on my way to school that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语) →It was yesterday that I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语) 句型公式：as引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. 当您花一天的时间沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新公路驾车行驶时，欣赏一下美丽的乡村。 学生用书⬇第64页 句中as引导时间状语从句。 as有以下用法： (1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着”。 (2)引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为”。 (3)引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，依照”。 (4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 【佳句】 As she grew older，she gained confidence.(读后续写之动作描写) 随着年龄的增长，她获得了信心。 【练透】——语境辨义/读后续写之心理描写 ①As China develops，Chinese is becoming more and more important. 随着 ②Please switch the lights off as you leave. 当……时候 ③Young as he is，he knows a lot. 尽管，虽然 ④When in Rome，do as the Romans do. 正如，依照 ⑤As he is ill，he can’t attend the meeting. 由于，因为 ⑥当看到我的孩子无私地帮助他人时，我感到非常自豪。 I feel very proud as I see my child helping others selflessly. 课时测评10　Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking (时间：45分钟　满分：65分) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1.I’m looking forward to visiting one of the attractive castles (城堡)after graduation. 2.Some officials (官员)are making arrangements for the sports game. 3.Sara lives in a flat (公寓)in central London with her husband and children. 4.My flight (航班)has been an hour late because of the extremely bad weather. 5.Every child is unique (独特的)in the eyes of his/her parents. 6.Books are the source (来源)of knowledge.I gain a great deal from reading. 7.The advertisement didn’t make it clear whether the accommodation (膳宿)would be provided. 8.Beijing is a popular tourist destination (目的地)because of its amazing history and culture. 9.There are many types of dictionaries to choose from in this bookshop. 10.No one has contacted him since he moved to his hometown. Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共7分) 1.The city has changed beyond all recognition (recognise)in the past 20 years. 2.I have always had the greatest admiration (admire)for him. 3.You can experience amazing (amaze)local cultures when the ships stop at different seaside cities.　 4.It is amazing that he could narrowly (narrow)escape being hit by a passing car. 5.He was extremely (extreme)worried as he had all his important papers lost including his passport. 6.The media has a powerful (power)influence on public opinion. 7.About seven in the morning，villagers made arrangements (arrange)for a final search. Ⅲ.完成句子/句型转换(每小题3分，共18分) 1.人们认识到英语在我们的日常生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用。(recognise) It is recognised that English is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. 2.随着年龄的增长你会变得更聪明。(as) You will become wiser as you grow older. 3.请说慢点，以便大家都能听清楚。(so that) Please speak slowly so that everyone can hear you clearly. 4.他收拾好所有的东西和他妈妈一起去旅行。(pack) He packed up everything and left with his mother to go travelling. 5.我写信申请那个职位。(apply for) I’m writing to apply for the position. 6.Yesterday my grandpa walked the dog at dusk in the street.(改为强调句型) →It was my grandpa that/who walked the dog at dusk in the street yesterday.(强调主语) →It was yesterday that my grandpa walked the dog at dusk in the street.(强调时间状语) →It was in the street that my grandpa walked the dog at dusk yesterday.(强调地点状语) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2025·江西省临川一中月考) The province of Pescara surrounds the city of the same name and lies in the very centre of the region of Abruzzo.This is a part of Italy of remarkable beauty and with rich culture，yet it has never been a major destination for international visitors，largely because the region is not very well served by international flight routes.However，many Italians make their way to the coast here in the summertime.Here are places to visit around the Pescara Province. The city of Pescara The city of Pescara is most famous today for being the birthplace of Gabriele D’ Annunzio，perhaps the greatest Italian writer of the modern era.It is a developed coastal tourist centre with several miles of popular sandy beaches and a range of summertime activities for all the family to enjoy. Citta Sant’ Angelo It lies just a few miles northwest of the city of Pescara in an area famous for the production of Montepulciano d’ Abruzzo wine.Its main visitor attractions are the churches of San Michele Arcangelo and Santa Chiara. Loreto Aprutino Almost directly west of Pescara，it is worth visiting just to see its wall painting of the Judgment，but this small town has much more besides to offer the visitors including examples of the region’s pottery industry and some excellent olive oil. Castiglione a Casauria If you enjoy further southwest from Loreto Aprutino，you will come to Castiglione a Casauria and the remains of the 9th-century Abbey (修道院) of San Clemente in Casauria. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位于意大利阿布鲁佐大区的佩斯卡拉省及其周边的一些值得游览的地方。 1.What has made the province of Pescara see fewer foreign tourists？ A.It is a province newly opened to the world. B.It is inconvenient for foreign tourists to arrive there. C.Most foreign tourists dislike its culture. D.Climate there is not well suitable for foreign tourists. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This is a part of Italy...not very well served by international flight routes.”可知，佩斯卡拉省外国游客较少是因为外国游客到达那里不方便。故选B。 2.What do you know about the city of Pescara？ A.It is located in the centre of the Pescara Province. B.It has a longer history than others in Abruzzo. C.It is one of the most attractive coastal cities. D.It is a more suitable place for children education. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It is a developed coastal tourist centre...summertime activities for all the family to enjoy.”可知，佩斯卡拉市是最具吸引力的沿海城市之一。故选C。 3.Which of the following will you choose if you love art？ A.Castiglione a Casauria. B.Loreto Aprutino. C.The city of Pescara. D.Citta Sant’ Angelo. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Almost directly west of Pescara...the region’s pottery industry and some excellent olive oil.”可知，如果你喜欢艺术，可以选择Loreto Aprutino，因为那里有壁画。故选B。 B (2025·秦皇岛高一期中) On a school trip to New York，our school had us wear name tags (牌) with our school name on it.Since all the attractions we visited were popular with school groups，the tags let the teachers know we should be with our group.If any of us separated from the group，teachers would quickly call us back. Some students had tried to hide or throw away their name tags to avoid this，so our head teacher—a very strict lady—said that anyone found without the name tag would have to spend the rest of the trip staying with her at all times and then have a month’s worth of lockdown (禁闭) when we got back. While we were all on a ferry (渡船)，we were allowed to go around.While playing with friends，I found that my name tag was lost.I started to freak out at once.I had never got into trouble at school before or had even a single punishment，and I would possibly face a month’s worth of them！ After thinking for a moment，I finally decided to just tell the head teacher what had happened. I went to the head teacher and explained very nervously to her.Instead of shouting at me，she took out another name tag and handed it to me.She said，“I have prepared several more name tags in case something unexpected happens.” Then she smiled at me，“Did you think you would get lockdown？ Don’t worry，and that’s just for the trouble-makers in order to stop them losing it on purpose.I believe you’re a good kid.Don’t be worried about this.But be careful later.” When I heard these words，tears came to my eyes.What a kind teacher she is！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一次学校旅行的途中，作者不小心弄丢了名牌，本以为班主任会惩罚他，但她却理解并安慰作者，这让作者深受感动。 4.Why did the school ask us to wear name tags？ A.To avoid being separated. B.To visit the attractions freely. C.To make us popular. D.To attract the classmates’ eyes. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Since all the attractions...teachers would quickly call us back.”可知，学校要求作者他们戴名牌是因为避免作者他们被分开。故选A项。 5.What does the underlined phrase “freak out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ A.Be happy. B.Be anxious. C.Be silent. D.Be excited. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。由第三段中的“I started to freak out...face a month’s worth of them！”可知，丢失了名牌会受到处罚，所以作者很焦虑担心，紧张地去向班主任解释，由此可知，“freak out”意为“变得焦虑的、担心的”，与B项意思相近。故选B项。 6.Why didn’t the head teacher punish the writer？ A.She knew he was not a trouble-maker. B.She liked him very much. C.She was unfair in fact. D.She thought he was the best kid. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“Then she smiled at me...But be careful later.”可知，名牌丢失的惩罚是给故意丢失名牌的捣乱者的，班主任知道作者是个好孩子，不是故意丢失名牌的，所以没有惩罚作者，由此可知，班主任没有惩罚作者的原因是班主任知道作者并不是捣乱者。故选A项。 7.How did the writer feel about the head teacher？ A.Strict but impolite. B.Brave but unfriendly. C.Strict and patient. D.Brave and honest. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Some students had tried to hide...when we got back.”可知，班主任很严厉；再结合第四段中的“I went to the head teacher...But be careful later.”可知，作者丢失了名牌，班主任并未对他大喊大叫，而是耐心地开导他，说明班主任很有耐心；由此可推知，她是一个严格且有耐心的人。故选C项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·吉林市高一期中检测) Slow travel is about connecting deeply with your travels.Rather than rushing from one place to another，slow travelers treat each experience as an opportunity to learn and feel more deeply to the people，culture，and food they want to explore.1(　　). Relax and enjoy Once，a vacation provided relaxation from the stress of everyday life.But over time，we began trying to put everything we want into a checklist.2(　　).Slow travel exchanges checklists for the chance to really enjoy a place.It’s amazing how much more involved you can be when you’re not in a rush.It’s easier to relax and look forward to whatever the day brings. Have more memorable experiences If you’re used to jumping from one attraction after another，the idea of slow travel may feel like you’ll miss the latest Top 10.In fact，you free yourself from scratching the surface of everything without enjoying anything.3(　　).Go to one museum and study the art and architecture，get the backstory rather than running through three museums and taking some photos quickly.Appreciate the destination. Meet people and actually get to know them When you decide to take the slow travel route，you free yourself up to meet and spend time with others.You can meet locals at a park or restaurant and enjoy a conversation.Learn about the people on your food tour.You may even decide that you like someone enough to meet him/her later for lunch or a coffee.4(　　)，because you are not rushing to the next big thing. 5(　　) Traveling by plane，train，and bus has a bad effect on the environment.We can transport ourselves to one location and spend more time exploring it on foot，by bike or on horseback.That’s less harmful to the planet than rushing to the next thing on the list with whatever vehical that will get us there in a hurry. A.Be more eco-friendly B.Experience different means of transportation C.This created more stress than we were escaping D.Slow travel allows you the time to feel a destination E.Making a checklist makes your journey more organized　 F.Here are some reasons we think you need to try slow travel G.Your communication tends to be more relaxed and more real 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了需要尝试慢速旅行的一些原因。 1.答案：F 解析：根据上文“Slow travel is about connecting deeply with your travels.”可知，本文主题是讲述慢速旅行，F项“Here are some reasons we think you need to try slow travel”能承接上文，并引出下文。故选F。 2.答案：C 解析：根据上文“Once，a vacation provided relaxation ...want into a checklist.”可知，此处是在讲述曾经的假期能放松，但现在开始把想要的东西列在清单上，C项“This created more stress than we were escaping”是对上文的结果的描述，符合语境。故选C。 3.答案：D 解析：根据上文“In fact，you free yourself from scratching the surface of everything without enjoying anything.”以及下文“Go to one museum and study the art and architecture”可知，D项“Slow travel allows you the time to feel a destination”承接上文，并引出下文。故选D。 4.答案：G 解析：根据上文“When you decide to take the slow travel route...”可知，本段主要讲述了慢速旅行可以让我们更好地和他人交流，G项“Your communication tends to be more relaxed and more real”符合本段主题，并和下文构成因果关系。故选G。 5.答案：A 解析：根据下文“Traveling by plane，train，and bus has a bad effect on the environment.”可知，本段主要讲述了慢速旅行更环保，A项“Be more eco-friendly”可作为本段小标题。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $