UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语三大核心语法点，通过“短文实例感知—理论系统讲解—分层实践巩固”的学习支架展开。先以含画线短语的短文引导学生自主分类，再详细阐释各短语含义（以名词/形容词/副词为中心）、构成形式（如名词短语的“限定词+形容词+名词”等）及句法功能（作主语、表语等），辅以“巧学活用”练习强化理解。 该资料以真实语境为载体，短文感知与理论讲解结合，助力学生在语言实践中提升语言能力。“巧学活用”及测评中的语篇练习（如语法与语篇、阅读理解），引导学生分析短语功能、推断语境意义，培养思维品质。分层设计的课时测评（基础练到素能提升练）帮助学生运用学习策略，课中教师可依托支架高效授课，课后学生能通过练习回顾强化，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures ——名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 阅读以下短文，感知画线的短语，并把序号写在下面相应的短语类型后面 语法串烧 我的发现 Because everything had been ready，Bernard started out on ①his new business.Although it was ②a hard time and things were tight for everybody，Bernard’s business worked out ③quite well.He carried the popcorn on ④his small bike and went from door to door to sell it.People were surprised to see ⑤such a little，poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn at their doors，but at last almost all of them would buy a bag or two.Bernard was ⑥quite happy.Love makes the world go round and Bernard felt it deep in ⑦his little heart. 1.名词短语：①②④⑤⑦ 2.形容词短语：⑥ 3.副词短语：③ NO.1　名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 1.含义 名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2.构成 常见名词短语的构成形式有： 限定词＋名词：the girl 限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词：a beautiful girl 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语：a beautiful girl in red dress 限定词＋描述性名词＋名词：my school life 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋动词不定式：a small room to live in 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋定语从句：a beautiful girl who is watching TV The young lady over there is my English teacher. 那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。 (名词短语The young lady 的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词) There are some red roses on that small table. 在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。 (名词短语some red roses on that small table的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；that small table也是名词短语) 3.句法功能 在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 These interesting books are for you.(主语) 这些有趣的书是给你的。 He is my old friend.(表语) 他是我的老朋友。 My daughter had a great time there.(宾语) 我女儿在那里玩得很愉快。 We made Tom monitor of our class.(宾语补足语) 我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。 ◎巧学活用1——写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成 ①These ideas may seem strange to you. 作主语 ②We love our great motherland very much. 作宾语 ③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 作表语 ④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan. 作主语 ⑤We made him capital of our team. 作宾语补足语 ⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games. 作宾语 ⑦The tall building was built last year. 作主语 学生用书⬇第40页 NO.2　形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 1.含义 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。 2.构成 形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的。具体形式如下： (1)形容词＋形容词(两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等连词连接，构成形容词短语) Your room is large and beautiful. 你的房间大且漂亮。 He is young but wise. 他年轻但有智慧。 (2)副词＋形容词(very，so，enough等副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语) It is very hot today.今天很热。 The room is so dirty.这间屋子太脏了。 The road is long enough.这条路足够长。 温馨提示　副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成的形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。 (3)形容词＋介词短语(介词短语可放在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语) I am sure of success.我确信会成功的。 The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水。 3.句法功能 (1)作表语(与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征) The bridge is long and wide. 这座桥又长又宽。 (2)作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、状态或特征) You must keep the room clean and tidy. 你必须保持房间干净整洁。 (3)作定语(修饰名词、代词，说明其性质、特征等) This pretty little Spanish girl is Linda’s cousin. 这个漂亮的西班牙小女孩是琳达的表妹。 I think he is a man suitable for the job. 我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。 (4)作状语(说明主语的性质、状态或特征) The lost boy spent three days in the forest，cold and hungry. 那个迷路的男孩又冷又饿地在森林中过了三天。 He stood there，full of fear. 他站在那里，充满了恐惧。 ◎巧学活用2——写出下列句中加黑的形容词短语构成形式及在句中所作的成分 如：It is less cold today than it was yesterday. 副词＋形容词；作表语 ①I find English very hard to learn. 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 ②Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 副词＋副词＋形容词；作表语 ③The medicine is good for stomach. 形容词＋介词短语；作表语 ④He looked very worried. 副词＋形容词；作表语 ⑤Cold and hungry，he stopped working and went home. 形容词＋形容词；作状语 ⑥A good friend is someone who makes you really happy. 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 NO.3　副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP) 1.含义 副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。 2.构成 副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的。具体形式如下： (1)两个或多个副词可以由and，but等连词连接构成副词短语。 She types quickly and correctly. 她打字快且准确。 He makes progress slowly but steadily. 他进步缓慢但稳定。 (2)very，enough等副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。 学生用书⬇第41页 He runs very fast.他跑得快极了。 The teacher speaks clearly enough. 老师说得够清楚了。 He can finish that much quicker. 他能以更快的速度完成它。 3.句法功能 (1)修饰动词 She’s a clever girl，and has learnt the new skill very quickly. 她是个聪明的女孩，很快就学会了新技能。(very quickly修饰动词has learnt) He drives extremely carefully. 他开车非常小心。(extremely carefully修饰动词drives) (2)修饰形容词 The dress was rather too small for her. 这件衣服对她来说太小了。(rather too修饰形容词small) (3)修饰副词 He is running much too fast in the match. 他在比赛中跑得太快了。(much too修饰副词fast) ◎巧学活用3——写出下列句子中加黑的副词短语在句中所修饰的成分，并注意其组成 ①He ran very quickly yesterday. 修饰动词 ②I am much too pleased to see you. 修饰形容词 ③She plays well enough as a beginner. 修饰动词 ④He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰副词 课时测评7　Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures (时间：45分钟　满分：63分) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑部分的短语类型及充当成分(每小题1分，共8分) 1.The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei. 2.She studies English very hard. 3.Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends. 4.I’d like to go to the coffee shop this weekend. 5.The exam was surprisingly easy. 6.He looked very worried. 7.Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both humans and animals. 8.John，an old friend of mine，comes from America. 短语类型 充当成分 短语类型 充当成分 1 名词短语 主语 5 形容词短语 表语 2 副词短语 状语 6 形容词短语 表语 3 名词短语 宾语 7 名词短语 表语 4 名词短语 宾语 8 名词短语 同位语 Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1.这个毕业生将成为一名好老师。 The graduate will become a good teacher. 2.你应该相信一切都会好起来的。 You should be confident that everything will be all right. 3.一些志愿者带着出席会议的人参观了城市。 The people present at the meeting were shown around the city by some volunteers. 4.珍妮对待事情总是太认真，这让我们很困惑。 Jenny always takes things too seriously，which makes us confused. 5.我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。 We were lucky enough to find a solution to the question. Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题3分，共15分) 1.Our school science club(我们学校的科学俱乐部)was established in 2020.It now has 55 members，including me.Our instructor is 2.very knowledgeable and responsible(知识渊博，并且很负责).We often carry out 3.all kinds of experiments(各种各样的实验)，which are 4.very interesting and meaningful(趣味横生、充满意义).We all want to be a scientist to help our country develop 5.much more quickly(更快地). [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·衡水高一期中) The world could be one step closer to quick and inexpensive Ebola detection thanks to a teenager from Connecticut. Olivia Hallisey，a junior at Greenwich High School，was awarded $50，000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola，a virus that causes bleeding from different parts of the body and usually causes death.Olivia’s method is to ask patients to put their saliva (唾液) onto a testing card.The card changes color if the person is catching Ebola.Present Ebola tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1，000.Olivia’s method，however，can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25.Besides，the sample (样本) doesn’t have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards. Olivia was inspired to deal with this global problem after watching the news that more than 10，000 people died from Ebola in West Africa.She was particularly worried about the fact that，while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates，present detection methods are costly (昂贵的)，time-consuming and require complex tools.Olivia got help from her science research teacher.She drew out directions from past research，and figured out detection systems that have proven to work with other diseases，including Lyme disease and yellow fever. “What affects one country affects everyone，” Olivia told CNBC.“We have to work together to find answers to the huge challenges which cause harm to the global health.” The Connecticut’s teen，who hopes to become a doctor one day，was named the Google Science Fair winner in the competition of 20 competitors from across the globe.The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13 and 18 in most countries. Olivia hopes her success will inspire other girls interested in science and computers.“I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning，and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science，” she told CNBC，“but just really look at something they are interested in and then think how to improve something or make it more enjoyable or relate it to their interests.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。格林尼治高中三年级学生Olivia Hallisey在谷歌科学博览会上因她检测埃博拉病毒的新方法获得了5万美元的奖金。文章对此进行了详细报道。 1.According to the passage，present Ebola detection methods 　　　　. A.must use a large amount of samples B.may detect other deadly viruses as well C.have proven to be ineffective in practice D.require samples to be kept in refrigerators 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句和最后一句可知，与目前的埃博拉病毒检测相比较而言，Olivia的方法的优势包括样品不需要放在冰箱里，由此可推知，目前的埃博拉病毒检测是需要将样本放在冰箱里的。故选D。 2.What can we learn about Olivia’s method？ A.Time-consuming. B.Cheap. C.Complex. D.Out-of-date. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句和第五句可知，Olivia的检测方法很便宜。故选B。 3.The Google Science Fair is intended for 　　　　. A.students B.doctors C.inventors D.scientists 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，谷歌科学展是为学生准备的。故选A。 4.What does the underlined word “drawn” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？ A.Attracted. B.Controlled. C.Admitted. D.Picked. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的“and remind them that...feel like they have a special talent for maths or science”和“but just really look at something they are interested in”可知，女孩们不必觉得她们天生就被吸引住了或觉得她们在数学和科学方面有特殊的才能，所以drawn意为“感兴趣的，被吸引的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·杭州高一检测) Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges.Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities 1.　　　　 (prefer) by others，such as organizing debates，studying literature，dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses.But more people sign up for advanced courses out of curiosity.Actually，some teenagers feel confused in their youth，and their behaviours are sometimes 2.　　　　 (confuse).They think there is a generation gap between 3.　　　　 (they) and adults，so experts are trying to find a suitable solution. Johnson，4.　　　　 outgoing freshman，was so attracted to Chinese literature that he 5.　　　　 (quit) his studies in Chicago and came to China.Obviously，with the help of his teacher，his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese 6.　　　　 campus now.As 7.　　　　 (schedule)，he will graduate next year.8.　　　　 he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is fascinated by Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”.An editor that acts 9.　　　　 (responsible) has recommended him 10.　　　　 (read) some classical Chinese literature first.The recommendation means a lot to him. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以Johnson为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。 1.答案：are preferred 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意及“by others”可知，主语extra-curricular activities和动词prefer之间是被动关系，且句子描述一个事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填are preferred。 2.答案：confusing 解析：考查形容词。空处应用形容词作表语，主语behaviours指物，使用形容词confusing，故填confusing。 3.答案：themselves 解析：考查反身代词。空处作between的宾语，和主语是同一指代对象，使用反身代词，故填themselves。 4.答案：an 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一名外向的大一新生”，使用不定冠词，且outgoing发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 5.答案：quit/quitted 解析：考查动词的时态。根据came可知，此处使用一般过去时，quit的过去式是quit/quitted，故填quit/quitted。 6.答案：on 解析：考查介词。on campus意为“在校园”，为固定搭配，故填on。 7.答案：scheduled 解析：考查固定短语。as scheduled意为“按照计划”，为固定短语。故填scheduled。 8.答案：What 解析：考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语，指物，因此用连接代词what，句首首字母应大写。故填What。 9.答案：responsibly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词acts，因此需要用副词形式。故填responsibly。 10.答案：to read 解析：考查非谓语动词。recommend sb to do sth意为“推荐某人做某事”，为固定短语。故填to read。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $