WELCOME UNIT Section Ⅲ Discovering Structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（人教版）

Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures ——句子成分及八种基本句型 阅读以下短文，感知画线的句子，并把句子序号写在下面方框中相应的句子结构后面 Setting goals is the first step in achieving them.(1)The tips below may help you. Set goals that can be achieved.Don’t push yourself to achieve more than what is possible.Instead，you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. Break big goals down into small ones.When you do so，(2)they will seem easier to reach. You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal.(3)This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. Write your goals on paper.It is a good idea to put your goals where you can see them.(4)You can place the list on your bedside table. Or you can stick it on your bedroom wall.This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 学生用书⬇第14页 After you set a goal，it is important to stick to it and work hard towards it.(5)You may find achieving goals difficult. But (6)you should not give up. Instead，stay positive and confident.(7)You will succeed in the end. (8)There will be many chances for you in the future. 主语＋谓语(S＋V) (6) 主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋P) (2) 主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O) (1) 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) (3) 续表 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) (5) there be句式(There be...) (8) 主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A) (7) 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A) (4) NO.1　句子成分 成分 意义 位置 例句 主语 S(subject) 句子的主体；谓语陈述、说明的对象，说明动作由“谁”发出 位于 句首 TV news often gives us lots of information. Cycling and boating are my favorite free time interests. 谓语 V(verb) 表示主语的行为或状态；是英语句子的灵魂、核心 主语 之后 He practises running every morning. Great changes have taken place in Shanghai. 宾语 O(object) 表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者 动词或 介词后 The children are flying kites. Do you mind passing me the dictionary？ 直接宾语 DO(direct object) 直接宾语表示动作的承受者，一般是物 动词后 She gave him a book. Tom passed her a ruler. 间接宾语 IO(indirect object) 间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人 动词后 Mum bought me a sweater. He taught us Chinese. 表语P (predicative) 用来说明主语的身份、性质、状况等 系动 词后 English is both useful and important. My hobby is collecting stamps. 宾语补足语 OC (object complement) 补充说明宾语的动作和状态 宾语后 He has proved himself experienced. My mother always keeps everything in good order. I heard the telephone ringing. 状语 A(adverbial) 说明动作“何时、何地、如何”发生；说明形容词或副词的程度 位置 灵活 I’m very pleased to see you. I’ll be back in a while. Having had a quarrel with his wife，he left home in a bad temper. 定语 Attr.(attribute) 用来说明名词的性质或特征 名词前 或后 These are apple trees. The men here are always busy working on the farm. 学生用书⬇第15页 ◎巧学活用1——标出下面句子的成分(S，V，O，P，A，DO，IO，OC，Attr.) ① . ② . ③ . NO.2　八种基本句型 1.主谓结构(SV)：主语＋谓语(不及物动词) 这种句型中的谓语动词为不及物动词，故不能直接接宾语，也没有被动语态。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。 说明：主语“　”；谓语“　　”；宾语“　　”；表语“　　”；宾补“　　”；状语“[　　]”；定语“(　　)”。 The sun is rising.太阳正在升起。 The little boy is crying.小男孩正在哭泣。 【误】His home broke out a fire last night. 【正】A fire broke out in his home last night. 他家昨晚发生了一场火灾。 ★break out意为“爆发”，是一个不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。 ◎巧学活用2——翻译句子 ①我们大家都笑了。 All of us laughed. ②这个男孩的梦想实现了。 The boy’s dream came true. 2.主谓宾结构(SVO)：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语 这种句子结构中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语，一般有被动语态。用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句等。 He is watching TV.他正在看电视。 [Last weekend] our class held a speech contest. 上个周末，我们班举行了演讲比赛。 温馨提示　在“动词＋介词”的动词短语中，宾语只能接在介词之后；在“动词＋副词”的动词短语中，作宾语的名词放于副词前后皆可；作宾语的代词只能放在副词之前。 【正】Please wake Li Ling up(＝wake up Li Ling)at six thirty in the morning. 【正】Please wake her up at six thirty in the morning. 【误】Please wake up her at six thirty in the morning. ◎巧学活用3——翻译句子 ①学生们有不同的观点。 Students have different opinions. ②我们学校将举办一场运动会。 Our school will hold a sports meeting. 3.主系表结构(SP)：主语＋系动词＋表语 这种句子结构中的谓语动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时态。常见的系动词有be动词，还有感官系动词(sound，look，smell，taste，feel)；变化系动词(become，get，grow，turn，go，fall，run)；持续系动词(remain，keep，hold，stay)；表象系动词(seem，appear，look)等。表语由名词(短语)、形容词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式(短语)或从句充当。 Everything looks different.一切看来都不同了。 Computers are useful [in people’s life]. 电脑在人们的生活中很有用。 The problem remains to be settled. 问题依然需要解决。 ◎巧学活用4——写出句子成分并尝试翻译 ①　 　 翻译：他们所有人都很吃惊。 ② 翻译：这些建议非常重要。 学生用书⬇第16页 4.主谓宾宾结构(SVIODO)：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接宾语，指物的宾语称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词for或to。 He bought me a birthday present. 他给我买了一份生日礼物。 I showed him my pictures. 我给他看我的照片。 温馨提示　间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有：buy，fetch，save，choose，sing等；间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有：give，tell，teach，write，bring，lend，hand，show，offer，send，pay，order等。 ◎巧学活用5——写出句子成分/完成句子 ①You ②Besides，nothing could be better if you could offer me some information (提供给我一些信息). ③I remember you showed me some photos (展示给我一些照片)on that theme. 5.主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 该结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。该句式常用于三类动词： (1)使役动词：keep，make，let，have，leave，get等； (2)感官动词或短语：see，watch，notice，observe，find，catch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，smell等； (3)ask，tell，order，request，permit，persuade 等。 Mike told me not to go [now]. 迈克告诉我不要现在走。 They painted the door green. 他们把门漆成了绿色。 ◎巧学活用6——翻译句子 ①我们必须保持学校干净。 We must keep our school clean. ②他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩耍。 His father told him not to play in the street. ③每天早晨，我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 We all hear him read English aloud every morning. 6.主谓状(SVA)：主语＋谓语＋状语 该句型的谓语动词通常为不及物动词；副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 They talked [for half an hour]. 他们谈了半个小时。 The time passed [quickly].时光飞逝。 ◎巧学活用7——写出句子成分/完成句子 ① and ② ③If accepted，I will work hard (我会努力工作)to offer you best articles. 7.主谓宾状(SVOA)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 该句型的谓语动词通常为及物动词、副词或介词短语，在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 I had my first maths class [in senior high]. 在高中我上了第一堂数学课。 I waited for him [at the school gate]. 我在校门口等他。 ◎巧学活用8——写出句子成分/翻译句子 ① ②我刚才看到她了。 I saw her just now. ③昨天，我拜访了一位朋友。 I visited one of my friends yesterday. 学生用书⬇第17页 8.存现句(There be句型) There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人，基本结构是There is/are/was/were...＋地点状语。 There is a piano in my study. 在我的书房里有一架钢琴。 There are 56 students in my class. 我的班里有56名学生。 温馨提示　由于受汉语影响，有些同学在使用这个句型时常常把be误用成have的某种形式。 【误】There is going to have a lecture this afternoon. 【正】There is going to be a lecture this afternoon. ◎巧学活用9——完成句子 ①There are too many cars(有太多汽车) on the road. ②There will be(将有) more green hills and clean water. look forward to 盼望；期待 (教材原句)Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. 汤姆正盼望着迎接这名新的交换生。 【佳句】 We all look forward to the school sports day，as it’s a time for fun and competition.(读后续写之情感描写)我们都期待学校运动会的到来，因为那是一个充满乐趣和竞争的时刻。 【练透】——介、副词填空/应用文写作之邀请信 ①I like to look back on my high school days，which were the happiest in my life. ②You’re a popular girl，Grace，and a lot of younger ones look up to you. ③I looked around and finally found David. ④希望您能加入！期待您的早日回复。 I hope you can join me！ Looking forward to your early reply. 中国元素　The children are looking forward to receiving lucky money，playing happily with each other，and setting off fireworks.孩子们盼望着收到压岁钱，一起高兴地玩耍，兴奋地放烟火。 课时测评3　Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures (时间：45分钟　满分：74分) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.写出下列加黑部分在句中所作的语法成分(每小题1分，共10分) 1.The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital. 表语 2.To be or not to be is a question. 主语 3.His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully. 宾语补足语 4.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday. 宾语补足语 5.Is he the man who wants to see you？ 定语 6.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends. 宾语 7.I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul. 宾语 8.What you explained just now didn’t satisfy me. 主语 9.We must get together again some day. 状语 10.If I am not busy tomorrow，I will play football with you. 状语 Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共18分) 1.校园里有几个美丽的花园。(there be) There are a few beautiful gardens on campus. 2.现在在中学里这种活动变得很受欢迎。(主语＋系动词＋表语) Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in high schools. 3.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语＋谓语＋宾语) We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again. 4.奶奶昨晚送给我一个非常漂亮的布娃娃。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语) Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night. 5.你会发现英语容易学。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语) You will find English easy to learn. 6.这个新实验确实很有趣。(主语＋系动词＋表语) The new experiment was really interesting. Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题3分，共21分) 使用本单元所学句子成分和基本句型补全下面的语段。 Good morning，everyone！ 1.It’s a great honor(很荣幸→SP)for me to introduce myself to all of you.My name is Serena and 2.I’m fifteen years old(我十五岁了→SP). 3.I come from Dalian(我来自大连→SVA)which is a beautiful and attractive place.I wish you can visit it and I believe that 4.you will be impressed(会给你留下深刻印象→SV).English and movies are my favorites，5.which can help me learn and relax(它们能帮助我学习和放松→SVOC).6.I like making friends(我喜欢交友→SVO)，especially the ones who share common interests with me.And I think we can have much to share and talk about.7.I hope to make progress with my friends(我希望能和我的朋友一起进步→SVOA).Thank you. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·山东省菏泽市高一检测) Do you still remember what happened when you went to school on the first day？ I still remember my interesting first day of school.On that day，I hurried to my science class in the morning and found a seat in the back.I waited there for 15 minutes before the bell rang.The science teacher told us about some class rules.No one talked to me，nor did I talk to anyone else.I was one of those very shy girls.After the science class，I had an English class.I thought it would be boring but it turned out to be very funny.When the classes of the morning ended，I went to lunch.I sat outside the dining room with no one to talk to and no food because I was too nervous to join the lunch line.I kept looking around hoping to see someone I knew but I never saw anyone. Lunch ended and I went to have my art class.I was the first one there and not even my teacher was there yet.So I sat at my desk and started drawing some pictures.I didn’t notice the rest of the class walking in or the girl who was standing behind me till I was surprised by the voice，“So what are you drawing？”It was a girl who had really long hair.She ended up being my best friend and one of the kindest and liveliest girls I knew. In the next class meeting，the teacher asked us to talk about the past holiday.I was glad to make some new friends in the class.The first day of high school was hard for me but I got through it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在学校第一天的所见所闻和所感。 1.What do we know about the writer’s science class？ A.She was 15 minutes late for it. B.She made some new friends. C.She learned some class rules. D.She sat in the front row. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The science teacher told us about some class rules.”可知，作者在科学课上学到了一些班级规则。故选C。 2.What did the writer think of the English class？ A.Boring. B.Useful. C.Hard. D.Interesting. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“I thought it would be boring but it turned out to be very funny.”可知，作者觉得英语课很有趣。故选D。 3.Why did the writer have no lunch？ A.Because she was afraid to stand in line. B.Because she forgot the lunchtime. C.Because she wasn’t hungry. D.Because she didn’t like the dining room. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“I sat outside the dining room with no one to talk to and no food because I was too nervous to join the lunch line.”可知，作者没有吃午饭，因为她害怕排队。故选A。 4.What did the writer do in the art class？ A.She met someone she knew before. B.She talked about her past holiday. C.She got to know a lively girl. D.She drew some pictures about her class. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It was a girl who had really long hair.She ended up being my best friend and one of the kindest and liveliest girls I knew.”可知，在美术课上，作者认识了一个活泼的女孩。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·湖南省邵阳市高一检测) As we all know，high school life is not easy for each student.You will meet a lot of challenges.Here are some tips for you to lead 1.　　　　 happy and meaningful life. There are different amazing 2.　　　　 (resource) in your school and you’d better try to make the most of 3.　　　　 (they) to realize your potential.Make every effort to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity to improve your ability.The more knowledge you acquire，the 4.　　　　 (confidence) you will have. Try to be an 5.　　　　 (independence) and responsible person.In class you’d better focus 6.　　　　 your lessons and try to find an efficient method.After class you’d better do some regular exercise，for health is of equal 7.　　　　 (important) to you.You can take part in some clubs in 8.　　　　 you can improve your character in your free time.Try to exchange words with your friends or classmates and you will learn much from them.Learn 9.　　　　 (balance) between your study and hobbies and keep a positive attitude towards your school life and no matter what happens，stick to your plan！ 10.　　　　 (write) your aim on your desk is a good way to remind you to work harder.You will be a well-rounded individual！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是给高中生提供了如何过上快乐且有意义的生活的一些建议。 1.答案：a 解析：考查冠词。单数可数名词life前需要用冠词修饰，根据句意可知，此处泛指“一种快乐且有意义的生活”，且happy发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 2.答案：resources 解析：考查名词的单复数。resource为可数名词，根据are可知，此处需用名词复数形式作主语。故填resources。 3.答案：them 解析：考查代词。此处需要用they的宾格形式指代名词resources并作of的宾语，故填them。 4.答案：more confidence 解析：考查形容词的比较级。“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，为固定句型。故填more confidence。 5.答案：independent 解析：考查形容词。空处应用形容词形式与responsible并列作定语，修饰名词person。故填independent。 6.答案：on 解析：考查介词。focus on意为“专注于”。故填on。 7.答案：importance 解析：考查名词。此处为“be of＋名词”结构。故填importance。 8.答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为clubs，“介词＋关系代词”在从句中作状语。故填which。 9.答案：to balance 解析：考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth意为“学着做某事”。故填to balance。 10.答案：Writing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，本空应用动名词作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Writing。 学生用书⬇第18页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $