UNIT 2 Section Ⅵ Grammar(2)-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 2　SPORTS AND FITNESS Section Ⅵ Grammar(2) 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 课时测评 2 初识语法　品语篇 返回 结构脉络 感知语法 回忆温故 不定代词是代词多种分类中的一种，用以指人或者指物，作主语、宾语、表语或定语，我知道的不定代词有：________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________等等。 someone，anyone，something，anything，everything，many，few，much，all，both，neither，each，ones，another，the other 观察知新 写出下面句子中画线的不定代词所作的句子成分。 (1)I know all of the four British students in their school. _____ (2)I don't care much for what to drink.Either of the two will do. _____ (3)Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking. ___________ 宾语 主语 定语；主语 精讲语法 不定代词指代人或者事物，多用作主语、宾语和定语，没有主格和宾格之分。下面分组讲解一下常见的不定代词的用法。 1．one，the one，ones 代词 用法 例句 one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，所替代的名词必须是可数名词单数。表示复数时用ones。 He bought several books and lent one to me.他买了几本书并借给了我一本。(one指a book) 代词 用法 例句 the one 特指前面提到的单数可数名词，有时可用that替代。表示复数时用the ones。 The book on the desk is better than the one under the desk.书桌上面的那本书比书桌下面的那本书好。 ones 指前面的可数名词复数，泛指。 These tomatoes have gone bad.Let's get some fresh ones.这些西红柿已经坏了。我们去买些新鲜的。 2．either，both，neither，all，none，any 代词 含义 作主语时谓语动词的数 两者 either 肯定句中指两者任一；否定句中表全部否定 单数 both 肯定句中指两者都；否定句中表部分否定 复数 neither 表示两者都不，全部否定 常用单数 三者或更多 all 肯定句中指所有都；否定句中表部分否定 与all指代的人或事物保持一致 none 表示所有都不，全部否定 用单、复数均可 (常与of短语连用) any 肯定句中表任一；否定句中表全部否定 There are two ways leading to the woods.Either seems(＝Both seem)to be passable.有两条路通往森林，任何一条/两条似乎都走得通。 Neither of the two cars is mine. 这两辆汽车都不是我的。 All of the food has gone.所有食物都没了。 Mr.Smith refused to accept any of the three suggestions. 史密斯先生拒绝接受三条建议中的任何一条。 3．none，nobody/no one，nothing 代词 指代对象和意义 常用来提问的疑问词 none 指人或物，可数不可数均可，意为“一个没有；一点儿没有” how many，how much nobody/no one 指人，可数，意为“一个人都没有，无人” who nothing 指物，意为“什么都没有” what —How much money do you have？你有多少钱？ —None.一点也没有。 —Who is in the room？ 谁在屋里？ —No one/Nobody.没有人。 —What are you doing now？ 你现在在做什么？ —Nothing.什么也没有做。 温馨提示　对“some/any/every＋名词”进行全部否定的词是none；对someone/somebody/everyone/everybody/anyone/anybody进行全部否定的词是nobody/no one；对something/anything/everything 进行全部否定的词是nothing。 4．each，every (1)each可以单独使用，也可以修饰名词，强调个体；every强调整体，不能单独使用。 You need to practise every day. 你需要每天练习。 For each day he spent on the island，he cut a new notch in his stick. 他在岛上每过一天，就在手杖上刻一个新的记号。 Tickets cost ten dollars each. 每张票价为十元。 (2)each可直接作主语，也可接“of＋名词复数”作主语，此时，谓语动词用单数。此时不能使用every。 Each(of the students)has a dictionary. 每位学生都有一本词典。 (3)each可作同位语，放在主语(复数)后，谓语动词用复数。此时不能使用every。 They each have a dictionary. 他们每人有一本词典。 5．the other，another，the others，others 代词 用法 例句 the other 特指两者中的另一个，常用在“one...the other...”结构中 I have two daughters.One is a doctor，and the other is a teacher.我有两个女儿，一个是医生，一个是教师。 another 指三者或三者以上中的“另一，再一” I got another of those calls yesterday.昨天我又接了一个那样的电话。 代词 用法 例句 the others 相当于“the other＋可数名词复数”，特指其余全部的人或物 Two boys will go to the zoo，and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 others 相当于“other＋可数名词复数”，泛指别的人或物，常用在“some...others...” 结构中 Some students are cleaning the classroom；others are playing on the playground.一些学生在打扫教室，另一些在操场上玩。 温馨提示 (1)the other还可作定语修饰可数名词。如： the other book 另一本书 the other books 其余的书 (2)another也可作定语，后可跟“基数词/few(＋可数名词复数)”，表示“另外的……”。相当于“基数词＋more＋可数名词复数”。 I have been here for two weeks and I will stay here for another three weeks(＝three more weeks).我在这里已经两周了，还要在这儿再待三周。 6．some，any (1)表示“一些”，some常用于肯定句，any则常用于否定句和疑问句。any用于肯定句，表示“任一”。 Some of the milk has gone bad.一些牛奶坏了。 I need some stamps.Are there any in your bag？ 我需要一些邮票。你包里有吗？ I'll take any you don't want. 你不要的我随便拿一个。 (2)some也可用于疑问句，表示请求、建议或邀请，或期望得到对方肯定的答复，不用any。 May I ask you some questions？ 我可以问你一些问题吗？ Would you like some coffee？ 你想喝点咖啡吗？ (3)“some＋可数名词单数”表示“某一/某种……”。相当于a certain。 Most of the food we buy is processed in some way. 我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。 7．many，much，(a)few，(a)little 含义 替代或修饰名词复数 替代或修饰不可数名词 表示“多” many much 表示“少” few little 表示“肯定” a few a little 表示“否定” few little (注意：not a little＝quite a little相当于much；not a few＝quite a few相当于many) Many wanted to change their life in the town.镇上许多人想改变自己的生活。 You have a lot of free time，but I don't have much.你有很多空闲时间，但是我没有。 A lot of guests were invited，but few came. 邀请了很多客人，但基本没来人。 If you have any spare milk，could you give me a little？ 你要是有多余的牛奶，给我一些好吗？ 8．复合不定代词 常见的复合不定代词是由some­，any­，every­，no- 与 -one，-body，-thing构成，具有名词特点，作主语、宾语、表语、补语等。   某 任何 每个，所有 没有 指人 someone somebody anyone anybody everyone everybody no one nobody 指物 something anything everything nothing 温馨提示　当形容词修饰复合不定代词时通常后置。 There's something wrong with the TV. 电视机出毛病了。 There's always somebody at home in the evenings.晚上总有人在家。 9．不定代词构成的固定搭配 anything but 决不，根本不 nothing but 仅仅，只有 none but＝only 仅仅，只有 all but 几乎，差不多；除……外全部 anybody/everybody but 除……外的任何人 not anything＝nothing 没有什么(表示全部否定) not much of a．.. 不是很好，不怎么样 ...or something ……诸如此类的什么 something like... 有点像……，大概……，大约…… something or other 一件什么东西(事情) something of a．.. 有些……，有几分…… He is anything but a clerk. 他根本不是一名职员。 He is a scientist or something. 他是科学家之类的人物。 His life is something of a mystery. 他的生活有几分神秘。 巧学活用——根据提示完成句子 (1)In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，_____________(而在另一些国家)，knives and forks. (2)His younger brother is ____________________ (一个不怎么样的伙伴) for him. (3)When I finish my work，I want to stay here _____________________ (另外三个月). (4)He told me all the news but ________ (没有一件消息)was very exciting. (5)There is a large window ______________(在……两侧) the front door. while in others not much of a companion for another three months 返回 none of it on either side of 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) ache，satisfy，achieve，amount，equip，flow，prevent，relieve，particular，strengthen 1．After the long run，I felt a sense of peace and joy in _____． 2．My legs have ___________ since I started doing squats twice a week. 3．Stretching every day has ________ injuries during my workouts. 4．The energy at the marathon last month _______ through the crowd，inspiring everyone. 5．It's important to have the right _________ for playing soccer effectively. relief strengthened prevented flowed equipment 6．After lifting weights yesterday，my arms are still ______ today. 7．Drinking plenty of water helps athletes keep the right _______ of hydration. 8．Yoga is __________ helpful for improving flexibility and balance. 9．Setting small goals makes my fitness routine more _________ over time. 10．Finishing a tough workout gives me a feeling of _________． aching amounts particularly achievable satisfaction Ⅱ.根据提示翻译句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．特别是，我们每个人都期待着一年一度的节日，届时将提供各种传统食物。(in particular；不定代词) ______________________________________ the annual festival，where a variety of traditional foods will be served. 2．这些运动员中的很多人都能举起比她想象中重得多的东西。(capable of；不定代词) _______________________________________ lifting much heavier weights than she thought. In particular，each of us is looking forward to A great many of the athletes are now capable of 3．经过长时间的准备，一些组织者对即将到来的节日的无尽细节感到厌烦。(be fed up with；不定代词) After the long preparations，__________________________________ the endless details of the upcoming festival. 4．赢了比赛后，教练用点心给队员们打气。(cheer up) After winning the game，the coach ______________________ with snacks. 5．昨天下雨使我们不能在外面踢足球。(prevent...from) The rain ___________________________________ yesterday. some of the organizers are fed up with tried to cheer up the team prevented us from playing football outside Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·河南新乡高一期末) A study led by the University of Granada has made sure for the first time the number of steps at which most people can get health benefits.The study has provided the first scientific evidence for how many steps you need to take per day to reduce the risk of premature(过早的)death：about 8，000 steps.Given the length of a human step，taking 8，000 steps is just like walking about 6.4 kilometers a day. The researchers conducted a systematic literature review and analysis of data from twelve international studies involving more than 110，000 participants.The results are in line with other recent studies，which show that health benefits are got at about 8，000 steps. “What makes our study different is that，for the first time，we set clear step aims.It shows that measurable benefits can be got with small increases in the number of steps per day，and that for people with low levels of physical activity，every additional 500 steps improves their health. This is good news because not everyone can walk almost 8，000 steps a day，at least not at first，so you can set small，reachable goals and gradually make progress and increase the number of steps per day，” explains Esmée Bakker，one of the lead authors of the study. So，should we stop walking when we reach around nine thousand steps？ “Absolutely not，” Francisco B．Ortega，another lead author of the study，said firmly.“More steps are never bad.Our study showed that even as many as 16，000 steps a day does not pose a risk；on the contrary，there are additional benefits compared to walking 7，000－9，000 steps a day.” The study gives people clear and easily measurable goals.Here lies the importance of the study—to provide simple and concrete(具体的)aims for the number of daily steps that people can easily measure with their phones or smartwatches，and thereby contribute to people's health. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究首次提供科学证据表明每天走大约8 000步能降低过早死亡的风险。 1．What can we learn about the study according to Paragraph 1？ A．It proved the benefits of walking. B．It explored the length of a human step. C．Its findings were based on scientific evidence. D．It found a new way to prevent premature death. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The study has provided the first scientific evidence for how many steps you need to take per day to reduce the risk of premature(过早的)death：about 8，000 steps.”可知，这个研究的结果基于科学证据。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to？ A．The number of steps is becoming larger. B．The number of steps is about 8，000 steps a day. C．The number of the whole steps is about 500 steps. D．The number of steps with a small increase can bring benefits. √ 代词指代题。根据画线词上文“It shows that measurable benefits can be got with small increases...every additional 500 steps improves their health.”和画线词所在句可知，This指代上文提到的小幅增加步数就能获得好处。故选D。 3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph？ A．To recommend a way to keep healthy. B．To show the significance of the study. C．To encourage people to walk more steps. D．To prove the contribution of modern technology. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Here lies the importance of the study—to provide simple and concrete(具体的)aims...contribute to people's health.”可推知，该段的主要目的是表明该研究的意义。故选B。 4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？ A．Health. B．Travel. C．Education. D．Environment. √ 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究首次提供科学证据表明每天走大约8 000步能降低过早死亡的风险，这与健康有关。故选A。 B (2025·山东济南高一期末) Everywhere and in every given time，children spend their days on simple but interesting games.One such game which has passed the test of time，becoming one of the oldest forms of child's play ever known，is hoop rolling. Hoop rolling is both a child's game and a sport.A large hoop is rolled along the ground，generally by means of an object held by the player to keep it rolling.The aim of the game is to keep the hoop upright for as long periods of time as possible.First，the left hand supports the hoop；the right hand holds the long handle of the hook(钩).And then keep the balance of the hoop with the hook.Push the hoop to the ground，keep it rolling steadily and keep the hoop from falling.In the team competition，it is mainly about who is faster，and how far to roll. Hoop rolling has a very long history and it has been recorded since ancient times in Africa，Asia and Europe.In Asia，the earliest records date from ancient China，and in Europe from ancient Greece.The ancient Greeks welcomed hoop rolling as a beneficial exercise for those not very strong.Besides，the game was also a common pastime of African village children. Hoop rolling serves as evidence of everyday life about the long-gone civilisation.Every year at Wellesley College，the hoop rolling competition started as an activity once held on its May Day celebration.Now it gradually becomes part of the graduation ceremony.Students celebrate by dressing up in children's clothing and playing games.The child's play popular in ancient times helps them escape from real-world worries. The long history of the game shows that there indeed are inventions that are timeless.The human ability to make himself and others happy has been present since the beginning of civilisation，and will be present forever. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种古老的儿童游戏——滚铁环。 5．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about hoop rolling？ A．Its rules. B．Its types. C．Its history. D．Its material. √ 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，滚铁环既是儿童游戏，也是一项运动，本段介绍了游戏参与者如何操作以及团体赛怎么样可以获胜，由此可知，本段主要介绍了滚铁环的游戏规则。故选A项。 6．Why did ancient Greeks like hoop rolling？ A．It offered a way to kill time. B．It was fit for village children. C．It could be played anywhere. D．It helped the weak to exercise. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The ancient Greeks welcomed hoop rolling as a beneficial exercise for those not very strong.”可知，古希腊人喜欢滚铁环运动是因为它帮助身体虚弱的人锻炼身体。故选D项。 7．Why is Wellesley College mentioned？ A．To remember the May Day celebration. B．To promote a method of reducing stress. C．To encourage other colleges to follow suit. D．To give an example of preserving the tradition. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Hoop rolling serves as evidence of everyday life about the long-gone civilisation.Every year at Wellesley College...”和最后一段内容可知，滚铁环这种游戏的历史十分悠久，并且这一传统依然保留至今，由此可推知，文章提到韦尔斯利学院是为了举一个保留滚铁环这一传统的例子。故选D项。 8．What does the long history of hoop rolling suggest？ A．People's hobbies have changed a lot. B．All inventions will survive in history. C．Good things can stand the test of time. D．New games will always be on the way. √ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“One such game which has passed the test of time，becoming one of the oldest forms of child's play ever known，is hoop rolling.”及最后一段中的“The long history of the game shows that there indeed are inventions that are timeless.”可知，滚铁环这种游戏也是一种运动，经历了时间的考验，成为有史以来最古老的儿童游戏形式之一，由此可推知，好东西经得起时间的考验。故选C项。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·广东深圳高一期末) Cui Chenxi became China's youngest ever Asian Games gold medalist after the 13-year-old skateboarder won the women's street event in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.She made an 1 landing off the difficult high rail—a move many of her competitors avoided. Cui said this victory 2 a lot to her.“I always wanted to win gold.This competition is different from other competitions，so I 3 wanted to win this one.” Asked if she was 4 before the competition，she 5 her head，saying：“Not at all.My dad told me to stay relaxed， 6 the competition and show my skills. 7 I give it my all，I'll have no regrets.” Skateboarding，which is rooted in street culture and closely 8 to lifestyles and attitudes of young people，is a sport that highlights(强调) 9 and personal techniques.Cui is born for this sport.She first 10 skateboarding in 2020 and within a year，she won at professional-level events.“I remember the day I first stepped onto the board.It was love at first 11 Cui said. In skateboarding，injuries are common.When discussing the injuries she suffered，Cui displayed a level of 12 beyond her age.“ When I started skateboarding，I thought it was great 13 ．Later，I realized skateboarders bear a lot of 14 ．But that is where the spirit of skateboarding 15 she said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了滑板运动员崔宸曦练习滑板的经历及成就。 1．A．impressive B．important C．unsteady D．obvious 2．A．advances B．sends C．matters D．teaches √ 根据后文“a move many of her competitors avoided”可知，崔宸曦的动作难度大，但她完成得非常好。故选A。 √ 根据前文“this victory”及后文“so I_______wanted to win this one”可知，她非常想赢得这次比赛，故而这次胜利对她意义重大。故选C。 3．A．hardly B．especially C．constantly D．usually 4．A．content B．curious C．confident D．nervous √ 根据前文“This competition is different from other competitions”可知，这次比赛不同以往，所以她特别想赢。故选B。 √ 根据后文“Not at all.My dad told me to stay relaxed”可知，她赛前并不紧张。故选D。 5．A．nodded B．shook C．turned D．hung 6．A．lead B．quit C．report D．enjoy √ 根据后文“Not at all.”可知，她摇头表示赛前不紧张。故选B。 √ 根据前文“My dad told me to stay relaxed”可知，父亲告诉她要保持放松，故而能够享受比赛。故选D。 7．A．Even if B．As soon as C．As long as D．In case 8．A．linked B．compared C．known D．drawn √ 根据后文“I give it my all，I'll have no regrets”可知，前面是条件状语从句，只要全力以赴，她就不会后悔。故选C。 √ 根据前文“which is rooted in street culture”和后文“to lifestyles and attitudes of young people”可知，滑板运动植根于街头文化，所以是与年轻人的生活方式和态度密切相关。故选A。 9．A．teamwork B．civilization C．stress D．freedom 10．A．took up B．gave up C．set up D．packed up √ 根据前文“Skateboarding，which is rooted in street culture and closely___to lifestyles and attitudes of young people”可知，滑板运动植根于街头文化，和年轻人有关，由此可知，该运动强调自由。故选D。 √ 根据后文“skateboarding in 2020”及“the day I first stepped onto the board”可知，她在2020年开始学习滑板。故选A。 11．A．hand B．sight C．place D．time 12．A．courage B．honesty C．hope D．kindness √ 根据前文“I remember the day I first stepped onto the board.”可知，崔宸曦第一次玩滑板便爱上了这项运动。 love at first sight表示“一见钟情”。故选B。 √ 根据前文“When discussing the injuries she suffered”及后文“beyond her age”可知，虽然她年纪小，但谈及伤痛，她却表现出超乎她年龄的勇气。故选A。 13．A．power B．interest C．talent D．fun 14．A．praises B．gains C．injuries D．duties √ 根据前文“the injuries she suffered”和“When I started skateboarding”及后文“Later，I realized skateboarders bear a lot of___．”可知，她一开始认为玩滑板很有趣，之后才意识到滑板运动员会受很多伤。故选D。 √ 根据前文“In skateboarding，injuries are common.”可知，滑板运动员会受很多伤。故选C。 15．A．goes B．happens C．lies D．works √ 根据前文“skateboarders bear a lot of_______．But that is where the spirit of skateboarding”可知，滑板运动的精神就在于不断受伤却不断坚持。故选C。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 2　SPORTS AND FITNESS 返回 $