UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES Section Ⅲ Grammar(1) 动词不定式 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 课时测评 2 初识语法　品语篇 返回 结构脉络 回忆温故 句子的基本成分包括 _____________________________________ 。 句子的修饰成分包括 _____________________ 。 感知语法 主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等 定语、状语、同位语等 观察知新 观察下面的句子，初步体会动词不定式用法及其所作成分。 1．To learn a new language is challenging. 动词不定式作_______ 2．She decided to travel to Europe next summer. 动词不定式作_______ 3．His dream is to become a doctor. 动词不定式作_______ 4．I have a lot of homework to do. 动词不定式作_______ 5．He saved money to buy a new car. 动词不定式作_______ 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等(不能作谓语)。 (1)基本结构： to＋动词原形，有时不定式符号 to可以省略。 (2)否定形式：not/never to＋动词原形。 (3)动词不定式有形式和语态变化。 精讲语法 1．作主语 (1)动词不定式作主语时，表示具体的行为或将来的行为。谓语动词用单数。 As the saying goes，“To see is to believe.” 正如谚语所说：“眼见为实。” (2)在形式主语句型中，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。 It is important to master a foreign language. 掌握一门外语是很重要的。(it作形式主语) 2．作表语 动词不定式在系动词后作表语，主语的中心词通常是plan，duty，hope，idea，problem，aim，job，wish等，动词不定式往往说明主语的具体内容，多可表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作。 The aim of the activity is to raise people's awareness of environmental protection. 活动的目的是提高人们的环保意识。 3．作宾语 (1)作及物动词的宾语 常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词有demand，choose，expect，agree，hope，prepare，promise，tend，decide，refuse，fail，learn，wish，plan，want，like等。 The students expect to update their knowledge and get ahead this term. 这一学期，同学们期盼着更新知识，取得进步。 (2)形式宾语句型中，it 为形式宾语，to do sth为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有 suppose，consider，believe，make，feel，find，think 等。 I find it very useful to learn a foreign language. 我认为学一门外语很有用。 4．作定语 (1)动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 Tom has a great deal of housework to do this weekend. 这个周末汤姆有很多家务活要做。 (2)当被修饰的名词短语中包含序数词、最高级、 the last、 the only 等时，表示主动常用动词不定式作定语。 John is always the first one to come up with a good idea.约翰总是第一个想出好办法的人。 5．作状语 动词不定式作状语多表示目的、原因、结果等。表示原因、结果时一般不放于句首。 (1)表示目的(相当于 in order to) To/In order to finish the task on time，we work late into the night every day. 为了能按时完成任务，我们每天工作到深夜。 (2)表示原因 动词不定式作原因状语，常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后，如 pleased，excited，sad，glad，worried等。 I'm glad to hear your mother is well again. 听说你妈妈康复了我很高兴。 (3)表示结果(多用在enough to do，too...to...等结构中) He was too excited to say a few words. 他太激动了，以至于说不出话来。 温馨提示　动词不定式短语表示结果时，常与 only，just，never等连用，表示一种意外的结果。 He went on his journey alone，never to be heard from again. 他独自旅行了，从此杳无音信。 He rushed into the room，only to find it was empty. 他冲进房间，却发现里面空无一人。 6．作宾语补足语 (1)动词不定式可跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语： invite，notice，order，teach，encourage，expect，tell，ask，advise，warn等。 We should encourage students to take part in some voluntary activities. 我们应该鼓励学生参加一些志愿者活动。 (2)在使役动词 let，have，make 后，感官动词 see，watch，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel 等后作宾语补足语时，动词不定式常省略 to。但这些动词变为被动语态时不定式符号 to不能省略。 The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school. 老师让一些学生放学后留在教室里。 Jack was often seen to chat with friends on the Internet.经常看见杰克在网上和朋友聊天。 7．介词but后动词不定式的使用 (1)动词不定式用在介词but，other than 后时，如果介词前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的动词不定式不带to，反之就要带to。 He did nothing but complain all day. 他一整天除了抱怨什么也没做。 They had no choice but to take up the challenging task and try to meet their expectations. 他们别无选择只能接受这项具有挑战性的任务，尽量去满足他们的期望。 (2)用在can't/couldn't help but do sth或者cannot/could not but 时省略to。 She can't help but laugh at his silly jokes. 她忍不住对他的愚蠢笑话大笑起来。 He cannot but feel sorry for the homeless children. 他不禁为这些无家可归的孩子感到难过。 8．动词不定式的复合结构 (1)复合结构是指通过使用介词“for＋宾语”表明动作的发出者，构成“for＋名词(或代词宾格)＋动词不定式”形式。 (2)当形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时，要用of而不用for；这类形容词主要有 clever，friendly，careless，foolish，kind，nice，polite，silly，stupid，wise等。若形容词是描述做的事情的特点时，需由 for引出逻辑主语。这类形容词有 important，difficult，easy，pleasant，impossible，challenging等。 It is friendly of Mr Smith to make me feel at home in his house.史密斯先生很友好，在他家里他让我有宾至如归的感觉。 It's challenging for him to complete the task ahead of schedule. 对他来说提前完成这项任务很有挑战性。 9．“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 “who/which/what/how/when/...＋ to do”结构，在句中相当于名词，常作主语、宾语、表语等。 When to set off for Beijing hasn't been decided. 什么时候动身去北京还没有决定。(作主语) He told us how to review our lessons effectively. 他告诉我们如何有效地复习功课。(作宾语) 巧学活用——用动词不定式完成下列句子 1．It is very challenging ___________________________________ (我们按时完成全部工作). 2．The man was made ______________________ (每天工作12小时)when he was 20 years old. 3．The man hurried to his house，_________________________________(结果被告知儿子丢了). 4．After failing in the exam，I made _________________________________ (使每晚听英语成为一个习惯；it作形式宾语). 5．_______________________________(为了进一步了解中国文化)，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 返回 for us to finish the whole work on schedule to work for 12 hours a day only to be told that his son had been lost it a habit to listen to English every night To learn more about Chinese culture 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) chat，lifestyles，convenient，addict，distance，drag，target，aim，necessity，native 1．The _______ who live near the school often come to support our community events. 2．Many students have different ________ that affect how they study and socialize. 3．Having a good education is a ________ for achieving your dreams in life after school. 4．Some students become _______ to video games and find it hard to focus on homework. natives lifestyles necessity addicted 5．The _______ sound of the bell meant the end of class，and we rushed out. 6．The project was _______ at helping students improve their teamwork skills during group activities. 7．I often feel _______ down by all the homework that teachers assign each week. 8．New students are sometimes _______ by older students who want to befriend them. 9．Our school is ___________ located near the bus stop，making it easy for students to arrive. 10．I enjoy _______ with my friends during lunch at school every day. distant aimed dragged targeted conveniently chatting Ⅱ.根据提示翻译句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．我喜欢上网为我的学校项目查找信息。(surf the Internet) I enjoy ________________________________ for my school projects. 2．为了在学校取得进步，努力学习和提问是很重要的。(get ahead) ___________________，it is important to work hard and ask questions. 3．学生们倾向于在晚上做作业，那时他们有更多的空闲时间。(tend to；leisure) Students _______________________________________________________． surfing the Internet to find information To get ahead in school tend to do their homework at night when they have more leisure time 4．我们的老师不时地给我们一个惊喜测验来检查我们的理解。(from time to time；surprise quiz) ______________________________________________ to check our understanding. 5．据我的朋友说，参加额外的课程真的可以帮助学习困难的科目。(according to；attend) ________________________________________ can really help with difficult subjects. From time to time，our teacher gives us a surprise quiz According to my friend，attending extra classes Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·河北保定高一期中) Sammie Vance，14，knows there's nothing worse than feeling left out.For years，she's been helping kids who feel lonely make friends.What she was doing was running the Buddy Bench program.The idea was that anyone at school who was feeling lonely could sit on the“buddy bench”．That let other kids know someone needed a friend.“It's really helpful to have other people be able to notice you，” Sammie says. The idea quickly caught on.The bench brought kids together.Since then，Sammie has helped communities all over the country set up buddy benches.“It means a lot to me，” she says，“that this is making a difference in people's lives.” Sammie got the idea for the Buddy Bench program at summer camp in 2017.She thought it would be cool to have a buddy bench in her school，so when she got home，she presented the idea to her principal，her teachers，and her parents. Getting support for the project was just the first step.“There have been a lot of small challenges，like money，” Sammie says. To reduce costs and be eco-friendly，Sammie decided to make the bench out of recycled material.So she called on her community to gather bottle caps. Word of the project got out，and soon Sammie was getting caps from people in all 50 states.She even got them from people in Germany，the Netherlands，and other countries.In the end，she collected more than 1，200 pounds of bottle caps.A company called GreenTree Plastics was able to upcycle(升级再造) these into three benches. In addition to all the kids her project has helped，Sammie is grateful for how it has changed her.“It just helped me grow in so many different aspects of my life，” she says. Before long，Sammie was helping other schools acquire benches.She has donated more than 200 benches to schools and parks all around the country，and in Mexico and Australia.Her work continues to spread kindness far and wide. Even small acts of kindness can be powerful.“It can make someone's day and lead to a chain reaction，” she says.“You never know.Just be kind，in general.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Sammie Vance从夏令营中获得灵感，创立了 Buddy Bench项目，帮助学校中孤单的人找到朋友。 1．What do we know about the Buddy Bench program？ A．It helps lonely kids to make friends. B．Only lonely kids can sit on the bench. C．The program brought all the kids together. D．It made Sammie Vance popular among the kids. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For years，she's been helping kids who feel lonely make friends.What she was doing was running the Buddy Bench program.”可知，“伙伴长椅”项目可以帮助孤独的孩子交朋友。故选A项。 2．What is probably NOT a challenge of the program？ A．Lacking money. B．Collecting materials for the bench. C．Gaining support from her classmates. D．Getting approval of her school and her parents. √ 推理判断题。根据第三、四、五段可知，这个项目需要获得学校和父母的批准，需要钱，还需要收集材料，A、B、D项均在文中提及。故选C项。 3．What can we learn from the passage？ A．She only collected the bottle caps from all over the country. B．The benches were made to be eco-friendly and low-cost. C．A company upcycled the caps into three benches for free. D．She donated over 200 benches to schools and parks all over the country. √ 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，这些长椅是环保的和低成本的。故选B项。 4．What's the influence the project has on Sammie？ A．It helped her grow in many respects. B．She became popular among the students. C．It can brighten her day and lead to a chain reaction. D．Her work continues to spread kindness far and wide. √ 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“‘It just helped me grow in so many different aspects of my life，’ she says.”可知，这个项目帮助Sammie在很多方面得到了成长。故选A项。 B (2025·安徽安庆高一期中) Social media allow teenagers to create online identities，communicate with others and build social networks.These networks can provide teenagers with valuable support.Teenagers also use social media for entertainment and self-expression.And the platforms can let teenagers know about present things，allow them to communicate with people from different places and teach them about different kinds of subjects，including healthy behaviors.However，social media use can also affect teenagers，distracting(分散注意力) them，influencing their sleep，and putting them to bullying(恐吓)，bad words spreading，untrue views of other people's lives and peer pressure. There are steps you can take to encourage responsible use of social media and limit some of its bad effects. Set reasonable limits.Talk to your teenager about how to avoid letting social media affect his or her activities，sleep，meals or homework.Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic(电子的) media use，and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers' bedrooms.Set an example by following these rules yourself. Monitor your teenager's accounts.Let your teenager know that you'll be regularly checking his or her social media accounts.You might aim to do so once a week or more.And make sure you follow through. Explain what's not OK.Discourage your teenager from gossiping(闲话)，spreading rumors，bullying or damaging someone's fame—online or otherwise.Talk to your teenager about what is right and safe to share on social media. Encourage face-to-face contact with friends.This is very important for teenagers who are vulnerable to social anxiety disorder. Talk about social media.Talk about your own social media habits.Ask your teenager how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel.Remind your teenager that social media is full of unreal images. If you think your teenager is experiencing signs of anxiety related to social media use，talk to your child's health care provider immediately. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些家长可以帮助自己的孩子正确使用社交媒体的方法。 5．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph？ A．By providing reasons. B．By making comparisons. C．By following the order of importance. D．By raising questions. √ 写作手法题。根据第一段内容可推知，作者主要通过对比的方式介绍了社交媒体的利与弊。故选B项。 6．What's a better way to avoid being affected by cellphones？ A．Powering them off. B．Putting them in the schoolbag. C．Keeping them out of bedroom. D．Listening to them instead of watching. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic(电子的) media use，and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers' bedrooms.”可知，避免受手机影响的更好的方法是让它们远离卧室。故选C项。 7．What does the underlined word“vulnerable” in Paragraph 6 probably mean？ A．Easily hurt. B．Warm-hearted. C．Deeply moved. D．Hard-working. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Encourage face-to-face contact with friends.This is very important for teenagers...to social anxiety disorder.”可知，此处指这对易患社交焦虑症的青少年尤为重要。由此可知，画线单词 vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”。故选A项。 8．Who is the text written for？ A．Teenagers. B．Officials. C．Teachers. D．Parents. √ 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段内容可推知，这篇文章是写给父母的。故选D项。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) When I woke up on the first day at senior high，there was only one thing on my mind: what to 1 ．Many thoughts 2 through my brain.After all，it was important for me to 3 the people who I would spend the next four years with. After searching through my closet(衣橱)，I 4 came out in a dress from Target.The soft cotton was 5 ，and the design was fun.Yes，this was the one.An hour later，I felt powerful as I 6 toward Room 1136.But as I entered 7 ，my jaw(下巴) dropped to the floor. Sitting at the desk was Mrs Hutfilz，my English teacher，wearing exactly the same 8 as me.I kept my head 9 and tiptoed(踮着脚) to my seat.Even after I made my introduction speech before the class，I still bent my head until Mrs Hutfilz stood up， 10 adding that we shared the same style.Although this was the moment I had been 11 of since I walked in，all my anxiety was gone surprisingly.My smile 12 as I laughed with the students. Four years later， 13 on the minutes I spent feeling embarrassed，I found they were really worth it.My first period of high school certainly made the day 14 in the best way，and taught me that Mrs Hutfilz has a great sense of 15 ！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学的第一天和老师穿了一样的衣服，在作者感到尴尬时，老师用幽默的话语缓解了尴尬，给作者留下了难忘的记忆。 1．A．eat B．behave C．learn D．wear 2．A．pushed B．exchanged C．raced D．broke √ 根据下文“After searching through my closet(衣橱)，I_______came out in a dress from Target.”可知，作者在衣橱里搜寻了一遍，最终决定穿一件连衣裙，由此可知，作者脑子里思考的是“穿什么”。故选D。 √ 根据上文内容可知，作者正在思考穿什么，由此可知，作者的大脑飞速运转，有很多想法在作者的脑子里快速闪过。race意为“快速运转，快速移动”。故选C。 3．A．treat B．impress C．move D．delight 4．A．proudly B．nervously C．awkwardly D．anxiously √ 根据上文“When I woke up on the first day at senior high”可知，这是作者高中的第一天，由此可知，作者想给初次见面的老师和同学留下深刻印象。故选B。 √ 根据下文“The soft cotton was_______，and the design was fun.Yes，this was the one.”可知，作者对这件衣服的料子和设计都很满意，由此可知，作者自豪地穿着它出来了。故选A。 5．A．expensive B．comfortable C．interesting D．tidy 6．A．rode B．headed C．drove D．jumped √ 根据下文“Yes，this was the one.”可知，作者对这件衣服很满意，由此可知，它的棉质面料很舒服，所以作者才会满意。故选B。 √ 根据句中“Room 1136”及常识可知，作者是朝教室走去。head 意为“朝(某方向)行进”。故选B。 7．A．class B．campus C．library D．school 8．A．coat B．blouse C．dress D．trousers √ 根据上文“I_______ toward Room 1136”可知，此处是指作者进入教室。故选A。 √ 根据上文“I_______ came out in a dress from Target”可知，作者穿了一件连衣裙，由此可知，老师和作者穿了完全一样的连衣裙。故选C。 9．A．around B．up C．away D．down 10．A．angrily B．officially C．confidently D．jokingly √ 根据上文内容可知，老师和作者穿了完全一样的连衣裙，作者不想让老师注意到，由此可知，作者避免引人注意，低着头、踮着脚走到座位上。keep one's head down 意为“低着头”。故选D。 √ 根据下文“I laughed with the students”可知，作者和其他同学因为 Hutfilz 老师的话都笑了，由此可知，Hutfilz老师开玩笑地说和作者有着相同的风格。故选D。 11．A．certain B．tired C．afraid D．proud √ 根据上文可知，作者害怕老师发现作者和她穿了一样的衣服，由此可知，老师说出“我们有着相同的风格”的这一刻是作者从一进教室就害怕的时刻。故选C。 12．A．happened B．grew C．changed D．left √ 根据上文“all my anxiety was gone surprisingly”和下文“I laughed with the students”可知，因为老师的话，作者所有的焦虑都惊人地消失了，和同学们一起大笑，由此可知，作者不再担心，笑容逐渐增加。故选B。 13．A．sending back B．going back C．looking back D．bringing back 14．A．unforgettable B．regretful C．acceptable D．shameful √ 根据句中“Four years later”可知，四年后，作者应该是回首过去发生的事。故选C。 √ 根据上文可知，上学的第一天，作者和老师穿了一样的衣服，在作者感到尴尬时，老师幽默的话语缓解了尴尬，由此可知，这是令人难忘的一天。故选A。 15．A．direction B．safety C．timing D．style √ sense of style意为“风格感”，此处“风格感”一语双关，既指老师的穿衣有风格感，又指老师幽默的话语、人格魅力有风格感。故选D。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 返回 $