精品解析：江苏省泰州中学2025-2026学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题

江苏省泰州中学2025-2026学年上学期高一年级第一次质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is Hannah Green currently? A. At the entrance. B. In her office. C. In a meeting room. 2. What did the man do this morning? A. He went for a run. B. He joined a gym. C. He worked. 3. What did Mrs. Smith teach? A. Math. B. English. C. Geography. 4. Who does the woman want to meet this weekend? A. Her grandfather. B. Aunt Lucy. C. Susan’s family. 5. What is the woman applying for? A. Her first job. B. Her second job. C. Her third job. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Tour guide and tourist. C. Taxi driver and passenger. 7. Where is Alex originally from? A. Australia. B. The U.S. C. The U.K. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How many bedrooms does the woman’s apartment have? A. One. B. Two C. Three. 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a shared garden. B. In the man’s apartment. C. At the woman’s home. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think about the woman’s company? A. It’s generous. B. It’s successful. C. It’s well-known. 11. What type of desk does the woman want? A. A metal one. B. A plastic one. C. A wooden one. 12. How much will the woman pay in the end? A. $1200. B. $1000. C. $800. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where is the man going? A. To a cooking school. B. To a supermarket. C. To a café. 14. What does the woman want to have while studying? A. chocolate. B. Green tea. C. Bread. 15. Who will cook breakfast tomorrow? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s father. 16. What is the main idea of the conversation? A. How to cook eggs. B. How to study independently. C. What to buy from the supermarket. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about Brenda? A. She was familiar with this area. B. She brought nothing with her overseas. C. She just moved into a new apartment. 18. What did Brenda need to buy? A. A desk. B. A computer. C. Some clothes. 19. Why did Brenda decide not to buy a TV yet? A. She was short of money. B. She didn’t have time for TV shows. C. She wanted to experience the new city. 20. What did Brenda end up doing? A. Sleeping on the floor. B. Sleeping in a hotel room. C. Sleeping on her friend’s couch. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A My mother was born in Aspen, Colorado, a mining (矿业) town then. Until she was ten, Aspen was a busy mining town. The largest mines were still operating. Her class at school was very large. The streets were busy with horses and horse-drawn wagons (四轮马车). There were few cars. Locals traveled, even to Glenwood, by train. Her father, with his brother, operated one of Aspen’s stores. Unluckily, the 1918 influenza (流行性感冒) struck, killing many young men including her father and uncle. Aspen’s major mines shut down. Only a few small mines operated. Many long-time locals left; many businesses, including her father’s store, closed; her class became small. Life returned to normal in her teens and early twenties. Her social circle became the center of her life. Cars were common, and that enabled them to see the world beyond Aspen. They made weekend trips to Ashcroft, climbing the Elk Mountain. They made trips to Glenwood to swim. Upon high school graduation, my mother went to work to help support her mother and sisters and brothers. She worked at Kobey’s, a clothing store in the Hyman Mall. Meanwhile, she didn’t give up her love for music and dance. She joined two different dance bands and often played the piano. In her 30’s, Aspen decided to break away from mining and started to focus on promoting itself as a ski destination to develop its economy. Therefore, my mother’s generation was encouraged to learn to ski. Like other members of the newly formed Aspen Ski Club, she was taught to ski by André Roch, the founder of the Aspen Ski Club. She then went on ski trips, including climbing and skiing down the challenging Hayden Peak. There were ups and downs those years of her life before she was a mother, but her memories were mostly of the ups. 1. What happened to Aspen after the 1918 influenza? A. The locals were stuck in town. B. The mining industry disappeared. C. Education was no longer valued. D. Its population fell rapidly. 2. What was the author’s mother like according to the text? A. Creative and outgoing. B. Responsible and active. C. Careful and independent. D. Hard-working and quiet. 3. What marked the change of Aspen’s focus? A. The growth of cars. B. The popularity of music. C. The promotion of skiing. D. The disappearance of mines. 4. How does the author describe his mother’s life before his birth? A. By comparing it to his own life. B. Through specific social changes. C. Through her family background. D. By focusing on her achievements. B How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. However, two behavioral economists, Lu Yunfeng and Zhong Songfa, think they have found a way around this — at least for athletes whose sports do not require them to move a lot. When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. To this end, he worked with Dr Zhong, who has a long history of working on stress and behavior. When they dug into the matter, 122 of the 128 archers in the games agreed to have their heart rates measured. The trick was that, since competitors were stationary, their heart rates could be monitored remotely by a technique called photoplethysmography. As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. These findings support the idea that the performance of even some of the world’s best athletes drops off as they experience increased stress. Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. 5. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? A. Athletes usually suffer from a lot of stress. B. It’s important to monitor athletes’ pre-competition training. C. Monitoring devices are widely used in sports competitions. D. It’s hard to figure out if stress influences athletes’ performance. 6. What inspired Dr Lu to start his research? A. His strong interest in archery. B. His desire to test a new technique. C. The archery contests he saw on TV. D. A meeting he had with a behavioral economist. 7. What did the researchers find out about the archers in the games? A. The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. B. The archers with the highest stress levels performed the best. C. The heart rates of all archers were similar during the competition. D. The heart rate of the archers changed little over the course of the competition. 8. What might the researchers focus on in the future? A. What the best stress levels for athletes of different sports are. B. How mental stress influences athletes’ training routines and recovery. C. Why some athletes are more easily influenced by stress during competition. D. How stress influences athletes’ performance in sports with lots of movement. C Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific discoveries in science. Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object. Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots. By analyzing elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can use freely to manage objects of different shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening (变长) or shortening — it’s different parts, depending on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers used advanced cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and tissues. The study findings will be used to help design a new “soft” robotic arm. “The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to find out some basic principles (原理) that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project also leads to improvements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful features of elephant skin that can be 3D printed for robotic models. The new materials may be marketed for a wide range of uses. 9. What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Straight. B. Smooth. C. Strong. D. Sharp. 10. How does an elephant control different objects? A. By sucking them with all the strength. B. By securing the position of these objects at first. C. By stretching its trunk based on the size of objects. D. By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly. 11. Why do researchers translate the biological information? A. To test the safety of the robotic arm. B. To improve the behavior of the robot. C. To change the appearance of the robot. D. To study the structure of muscle tissues. 12. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Elephant Trunks: The Facts of Movement in Robotics B. Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms C. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A New Idea in 3D-printed Robots D. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Achievement in Material Science 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Praising Your Toddler Properly Nothing delights a young child more than praise from his parents. But there can be right and wrong ways of praising children.___13___ There are some basic guidelines to help make your praises to your little one loud and clear.  ●Make it genuine. Well-meaning parents can repeat a mechanical “Good job!” many times a day without even realizing it. Your child can tell whether you really mean it! ___14___ Look at your child in their eyes and smile at him to be sure he can see how pleased you are.  ___15___Be sure the praise is about the child’s behavior, and not a comment on his character. When you say “You are good/bad”, this is a reflection on your child’s character, and he may feel it can’t be changed. Instead, say “Your behavior is good/bad” and it becomes something the child can choose to change.  ●Never make it critical. Be sure not to mix praise with criticism. For example, if your son dresses himself, and you say, “Good job dressing yourself, but those clothes really don’t match,” the praise is lost. ___16___ Just walk into school and proudly tell the teacher “Sammy dressed himself today. Didn’t he do a great job?” and give a wink (递眼色). Your son will be proud and the kids won’t even notice!  ___17___ Aside from the outcome in changing behavior, there is simply no greater reward than watching your child’s face light up when you praise him! A. Never over praise. B. Never make it about his character. C. Be sure your tone and voice communicate your delight. D. It sends a message that the child did not do a good enough job. E. Make it all about your child and not about your thoughts or feelings. F. Using praise to influence your child’s behaviors can be both effective and rewarding. G. Sometimes praise can actually do more harm than good. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Sam Fisher took his two young sons, Jessin, 10, and Liam, 7, and their 9-year-old cousin Kaiden on a hike in the Badlands of North Dakota, he was probably planning a day of sightseeing and light exercise. What he did not ___18___, however, was the group’s ___19___ the remains of a young Tyrannosaurus rex that lived millions of years ago. Their find was considered as an “unbelievable ___20___” by the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and will be ___21___ at the museum. Fisher and the boys were surely ___22___. They ___23___ the fossil (化石) with all the respect it deserved. Fisher sent a photo of the find to his old high school classmate, Dr. Tyler Lyson, a paleontologist (古生物学家) in the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and asked for advice. Then, Dr. Lyson ___24___ on the site with the family as well as a skilled team to ___25___ up the fossil. ___26___ they unearthed the remains of the teenage Tyrannosaurus rex. The fossil has since been called “Teen Rex”. According to the size of the bone, experts judged the dinosaur was between 12 and 14 years old at the time of its ____27____ and weighed around 3,500 pounds, about half the size of a ____28____ Tyrannosaurus rex, ____29____ there would have been still much room for growth. “It is ____30____ to find complete Tyrannosaurus rex fossils, and even more unusual to find the young one. These boys have made a discovery that ____31____ science and deepens our understanding of the natural world,” says Dr. Lyson. In addition to the display, the museum will also be ____32____ a new 40-minute film T.REX, which tells this astonishing story. 18. A. find B. expect C. notice D. acquire 19. A. clearing away B. looking for C. passing down D. coming across 20. A. figure B. improvement C. emergency D. discovery 21. A. at present B. on show C. in detail D. under control 22. A. disappointed B. anxious C. excited D. confident 23. A. wondered at B. learned about C. dealt with D. stuck to 24. A. arrived B. stayed C. brushed D. pushed 25. A. turn B. dig C. put D. give 26. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Together D. Besides 27. A. death B. leaving C. meeting D. recovery 28. A. like-minded B. short-sighted C. well-rounded D. fully-developed 29. A. ensuring B. requiring C. implying D. allowing 30. A. risky B. difficult C. boring D. unusual 31. A. advances B. challenges C. introduces D. explains 32. A. screening B. inventing C. admiring D. checking 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当内容(1个单调)或括号内单词的正确形式. The change from middle school ___33___ high school can be stressful (有压力的) for all teens. Academic expectations increase, and socializing and after-school activities become more important. Some of these expectations can create special ___34___ (difficulty) for kids with learning and thinking differences. Staying organized enough to get everything ___35___ (do) can be a struggle in high school. Learning and thinking differences can cause trouble with time management. But to manage teachers and parents can help teens learn how ___36___ (manage) tasks to keep themselves on track. With more work and tests, students also need to have strong study skills. They may have assignments (任务) in different classes with the same deadline (最后期限).But teachers can smaller help them break long-term assignments down into ___37___ (small), more manageable helpful pieces. It may be ___38___ (help) for them to learn strategies to study for tests and try studying with methods ___39___ can improve their learning strengths. After-school activities can make staying on top of things even more complicated. They are great ways for teens to make friends and explore their interests. But because they take up time, activities can make ___40___ hard for teens to do everything else. Teachers should talk to students about ways to balance an activity and school. High school can be ___41___ (equal) exciting and challenging, but our teens can staying overcome challenges and find success by ___42___ (stay) in touch with teachers and parents. 第三节 单词拼写(共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 根据首字母或者括号中文提示完成句子，每空一词 43. It is common for teenagers and their parents to have heated a________ and cold silences that lead to family tensions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. Even when parents no longer live together, they continue to be r___________for their children. （根据首字母单词拼写） 45. When discovery methods specifically d________ for child-centred learning were applied in schools, the change was unbelievably obvious. (根据首字母单词拼写) 46. You have made great progress, but there is still room for i________ in your work. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. As far as I’m c________, reading opens up a new world to me. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. She was admitted to a university far away from her hometown. It was the first time that she had lived i ________ of her family. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. There are far more o________ now for school leavers than there were fifty years ago. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. The company expects to sell more than 400 cars in the region next year, with China a________ for half of that. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. Judging from his last jump, Jason was ________ (不可能) to have recovered from his injuries. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest ________ (挑战) faced by scientists today. 53. It was late afternoon, she had to keep ________ (提醒) herself, even though her body-clock seemed stubbornly convinced it was bedtime. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Doctors and other experts also recognise how important a ________ (平衡的) diet is for a child’s normal development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. All the students are supposed to know what to do in an ________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. She ________ (自愿地) offered to help with the community project, showing her dedication to making a difference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. We have launched a new product, but so far customers’ ________ (反应) to it have been disappointing. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 58. 假定你是校英文报主编。为积极响应节能号召, 共建绿色家园，请用英语写一封以“节约用电，珍惜能源”为主题的倡议书，内容包括： 1. 节约用电的意义； 2. 日常节电的措施。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear friends, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ School Newspaper 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The first time we set eyes on the beautiful dress “big Red.”father, mother and I were walking slowly through the freshly fallen snow on our way to Hubble's Hardware store on Main Street. The colorfully decorated window display held the best toys ever and some other things. And they were all placed pleasantly beneath the breathtaking dress of Big Red. Mother’s eyes were glued to the massive flame of red satin(绸缎)，dotted with twinkling stars. “My goodness,"she managed to say in dreamlike wonder."Would you just look at that dress!"Then,totally out of character, mother unexpectedly danced on the slippery sidewalk. Beneath the heavy,grey wool coat that she had worm every winter for as long as I could remember,mother lost her balance and fell clumsily. Father quickly caught her. Her cheeks redder than usual, mother blamed dad for laughing."Oh,stop that!" she ordered, as my father swept the snow from her coat."What a silly dress to be displayed there in the window of Eaton's!" she shook her head in disbelief. "Who on earth would want such a brightly-colored dress? It is too expensive."As we continued to walk down the street, mother turned back for one more look."My goodness! You'd think they'd display something that a person could use!” Christmas was around the corner and the red dress was soon forgotten.Mother was not the one to wish for, or spend money on,things that were not practical."There are things we need more than this,"she'd always say, or,"There are things we need more than that." Father,on the other hand, liked to buy things whenever the budget allowed. Of course,he'd get a scolding for his occasional spending like this,but it was all done with the best intention. On our last trip to town before Christmas,we were driving up Main Street when mother suddenly exclaimed in surprise, “Would you just look at that!"She pointed excitedly as Dad drove past Eaton's."That big red dress is gone,” she said in disbelief. “It's actually gone." 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dad looked quickly and smiled,"Yes,it is not there!” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I'll never forget that Christmas morning when father handed mother a box. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省泰州中学2025-2026学年上学期高一年级第一次质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is Hannah Green currently? A. At the entrance. B. In her office. C. In a meeting room. 2. What did the man do this morning? A. He went for a run. B. He joined a gym. C. He worked. 3. What did Mrs. Smith teach? A. Math. B. English. C. Geography. 4. Who does the woman want to meet this weekend? A. Her grandfather. B. Aunt Lucy. C. Susan’s family. 5. What is the woman applying for? A. Her first job. B. Her second job. C. Her third job. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Tour guide and tourist. C. Taxi driver and passenger. 7. Where is Alex originally from? A. Australia. B. The U.S. C. The U.K. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How many bedrooms does the woman’s apartment have? A. One. B. Two C. Three. 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a shared garden. B. In the man’s apartment. C. At the woman’s home. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think about the woman’s company? A. It’s generous. B. It’s successful. C. It’s well-known. 11. What type of desk does the woman want? A. A metal one. B. A plastic one. C. A wooden one. 12. How much will the woman pay in the end? A. $1200. B. $1000. C. $800. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where is the man going? A. To a cooking school. B. To a supermarket. C. To a café. 14. What does the woman want to have while studying? A. chocolate. B. Green tea. C. Bread. 15. Who will cook breakfast tomorrow? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s father. 16. What is the main idea of the conversation? A. How to cook eggs. B. How to study independently. C. What to buy from the supermarket. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about Brenda? A. She was familiar with this area. B. She brought nothing with her overseas. C. She just moved into a new apartment. 18. What did Brenda need to buy? A. A desk. B. A computer. C. Some clothes. 19. Why did Brenda decide not to buy a TV yet? A. She was short of money. B. She didn’t have time for TV shows. C. She wanted to experience the new city. 20. What did Brenda end up doing? A. Sleeping on the floor. B. Sleeping in a hotel room. C. Sleeping on her friend’s couch. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A My mother was born in Aspen, Colorado, a mining (矿业) town then. Until she was ten, Aspen was a busy mining town. The largest mines were still operating. Her class at school was very large. The streets were busy with horses and horse-drawn wagons (四轮马车). There were few cars. Locals traveled, even to Glenwood, by train. Her father, with his brother, operated one of Aspen’s stores. Unluckily, the 1918 influenza (流行性感冒) struck, killing many young men including her father and uncle. Aspen’s major mines shut down. Only a few small mines operated. Many long-time locals left; many businesses, including her father’s store, closed; her class became small. Life returned to normal in her teens and early twenties. Her social circle became the center of her life. Cars were common, and that enabled them to see the world beyond Aspen. They made weekend trips to Ashcroft, climbing the Elk Mountain. They made trips to Glenwood to swim. Upon high school graduation, my mother went to work to help support her mother and sisters and brothers. She worked at Kobey’s, a clothing store in the Hyman Mall. Meanwhile, she didn’t give up her love for music and dance. She joined two different dance bands and often played the piano. In her 30’s, Aspen decided to break away from mining and started to focus on promoting itself as a ski destination to develop its economy. Therefore, my mother’s generation was encouraged to learn to ski. Like other members of the newly formed Aspen Ski Club, she was taught to ski by André Roch, the founder of the Aspen Ski Club. She then went on ski trips, including climbing and skiing down the challenging Hayden Peak. There were ups and downs those years of her life before she was a mother, but her memories were mostly of the ups. 1. What happened to Aspen after the 1918 influenza? A. The locals were stuck in town. B. The mining industry disappeared. C. Education was no longer valued. D. Its population fell rapidly. 2. What was the author’s mother like according to the text? A. Creative and outgoing. B. Responsible and active. C. Careful and independent. D. Hard-working and quiet. 3. What marked the change of Aspen’s focus? A. The growth of cars. B. The popularity of music. C. The promotion of skiing. D. The disappearance of mines. 4. How does the author describe his mother’s life before his birth? A. By comparing it to his own life. B. Through specific social changes. C. Through her family background. D. By focusing on her achievements. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了作者母亲在Aspen的成长经历。从矿业城镇的童年，到1918年流感带来的困境，再到青年时期社交生活的丰富和滑雪运动的发展，展现了母亲一生中的人生起伏与美好回忆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Unluckily, the 1918 influenza struck, killing many young men including her father and uncle. Aspen’s major mines shut down. Only a few small mines operated. Many long-time locals left; many businesses, including her father’s store, closed; her class became small. (不幸的是，1918年的流感来袭，夺走了许多年轻人的生命，包括她的父亲和叔叔。Aspen的主要矿场关闭了。只有几家小矿场还在运营。许多长期居住在这里的当地人离开了；许多生意，包括她父亲的商店，都关门了；她的班级人数变少了。)”可知，我们可以推断出Aspen的人口因为流感和经济衰退而迅速减少。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Upon high school graduation, my mother went to work to help support her mother and sisters and brothers. She worked at Kobey’s, a clothing store in the Hyman Mall. Meanwhile, she didn’t give up her love for music and dance. She joined two different dance bands and often played the piano. (高中毕业后，我母亲去工作以帮助养活她的母亲和兄弟姐妹。她在Hyman Mall的一家服装店Kobey’s工作。同时，她并没有放弃对音乐和舞蹈的热爱。她加入了两个不同的舞蹈乐队，并经常弹钢琴。)”可知，作者的母亲是一个有责任感且活跃的人，她既要工作养家，又坚持自己的音乐和舞蹈爱好。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“In her 30’s, Aspen decided to break away from mining and started to focus on promoting itself as a ski destination to develop its economy. (在她30多岁的时候，Aspen决定摆脱采矿业，开始专注于将自己推广为一个滑雪胜地以发展经济。)”可知，Aspen的关注点从采矿业转变为了推广滑雪。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Unluckily, the 1918 influenza struck, killing many young men including her father and uncle. Aspen’s major mines shut down. Only a few small mines operated. Many long-time locals left; many businesses, including her father’s store, closed; her class became small. (不幸的是，1918年的流感来袭，夺走了许多年轻人的生命，包括她的父亲和叔叔。Aspen的主要矿场关闭了。只有几家小矿场还在运营。许多长期居住在这里的当地人离开了；许多生意，包括她父亲的商店，都关门了；她的班级人数变少了。)”以及倒数第二段中“In her 30’s, Aspen decided to break away from mining and started to focus on promoting itself as a ski destination to develop its economy. Therefore, my mother’s generation was encouraged to learn to ski. (在她30多岁的时候，Aspen决定摆脱采矿业，开始专注于将自己推广为一个滑雪胜地以发展经济。因此，我母亲那一代人被鼓励去学习滑雪。)”以及通读全文，作者通过描述Aspen的社会变迁，如流感的来袭、经济的衰退、滑雪的推广等，来间接描绘他母亲在这些变迁中的生活。B选项“Through specific social changes. ( 通过具体的社会变迁。)”符合题意。故选B。 B How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. However, two behavioral economists, Lu Yunfeng and Zhong Songfa, think they have found a way around this — at least for athletes whose sports do not require them to move a lot. When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. To this end, he worked with Dr Zhong, who has a long history of working on stress and behavior. When they dug into the matter, 122 of the 128 archers in the games agreed to have their heart rates measured. The trick was that, since competitors were stationary, their heart rates could be monitored remotely by a technique called photoplethysmography. As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. These findings support the idea that the performance of even some of the world’s best athletes drops off as they experience increased stress. Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. 5. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? A. Athletes usually suffer from a lot of stress. B. It’s important to monitor athletes’ pre-competition training. C. Monitoring devices are widely used in sports competitions. D. It’s hard to figure out if stress influences athletes’ performance. 6. What inspired Dr Lu to start his research? A. His strong interest in archery. B. His desire to test a new technique. C. The archery contests he saw on TV. D. A meeting he had with a behavioral economist. 7. What did the researchers find out about the archers in the games? A. The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. B. The archers with the highest stress levels performed the best. C. The heart rates of all archers were similar during the competition. D. The heart rate of the archers changed little over the course of the competition. 8. What might the researchers focus on in the future? A. What the best stress levels for athletes of different sports are. B. How mental stress influences athletes’ training routines and recovery. C. Why some athletes are more easily influenced by stress during competition. D. How stress influences athletes’ performance in sports with lots of movement. 【答案】5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两位行为经济学家利用2020年奥运会射箭比赛直播中心率数据，研究运动员心理压力与表现的关系。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. (多大的压力对运动员有利？没人知道。原因是，为了避免影响他们的表现，顶尖运动员在比赛中很少愿意携带哪怕是最小的监测设备。而当他们不参加比赛时，这样的测量就毫无意义了。)”可知，本段主要讲述了很难确定压力是否会影响运动员的表现。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. (当在电视上观看2020年奥运会时，陆博士注意到在射箭比赛中，选手在射箭时的心率会显示给观众看。心率是众所周知的心理压力指标，因此他认为这是一个研究压力与表现之间关系的机会。)”可知，是陆博士在电视上看到的射箭比赛启发他开始这项研究的。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. (正如他们在《心理科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中所报告的那样，射箭运动员在比赛期间的心率差异很大。有些心脏每秒跳动略多于一次，而一名选手的心率则超过每秒三次。平均每分钟138次。一个射中十环得十分的运动员的平均心率是每分钟134.2次。九环的平均心率是135.7，八环的平均心率是137.9。)”可知，心率高的选手得分较低，A选项“The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. (心率较高的射箭运动员得分较低。)”符合题意。故选A项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. (这是否仅限于那些需要稳定目标才能获胜的人，或者是否也适用于那些在比赛中必须四处奔跑的运动员，还有待观察。)”可知，研究人员未来可能会关注压力如何影响运动员在大量运动的运动中的表现。故选D项。 C Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific discoveries in science. Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object. Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots. By analyzing elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can use freely to manage objects of different shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening (变长) or shortening — it’s different parts, depending on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers used advanced cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and tissues. The study findings will be used to help design a new “soft” robotic arm. “The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to find out some basic principles (原理) that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project also leads to improvements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful features of elephant skin that can be 3D printed for robotic models. The new materials may be marketed for a wide range of uses. 9. What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Straight. B. Smooth. C. Strong. D. Sharp. 10. How does an elephant control different objects? A. By sucking them with all the strength. B. By securing the position of these objects at first. C. By stretching its trunk based on the size of objects. D. By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly. 11. Why do researchers translate the biological information? A. To test the safety of the robotic arm. B. To improve the behavior of the robot. C. To change the appearance of the robot. D. To study the structure of muscle tissues. 12. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Elephant Trunks: The Facts of Movement in Robotics B. Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms C. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A New Idea in 3D-printed Robots D. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Achievement in Material Science 【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍科学家通过研究大象鼻子，发现其灵活控制不同物体(如用吸力抓轻物，结合吸力与包裹抓重物)的原理。此研究启发设计“软”机械臂，并开发类似象皮的3D打印材料，推动机器人学与材料学发展。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object.(大象的鼻子既灵活又……，它能够托起一片叶子，也能搬运近 600 磅重的物体。)”可知，象鼻可以拿起一片叶子，也能提起近600磅的物体。结合前后的对比，“sturdy”在此处应表示与“flexible(灵活的)”相对应的、形容象鼻强壮、有力的特性。选项中C项“Strong(强壮的)”与其意思相近。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things.(例如，大象利用吸力来抓取轻质物体。然而，要抓取较重的物体时，它们会利用吸力来固定物体的位置，并用鼻子上的覆盖物来抓取和抬起物体。)”可知，大象通过灵活结合吸力与象鼻的动作来控制不同物体。D选项“By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly(通过灵活地结合吸力与象鼻动作)”准确概括了这一方式。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The study findings will be used to help design a new ‘soft’ robotic arm.(该研究的成果将被用于协助设计一款新型的“柔软”机器人手臂。)”以及“The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements.( 这些发现非常出色，但目前的重点在于将这些生物学信息转化为一些工程方面的要求。)”可知，研究的生物学发现将被用于设计新的“软”机械臂，而当前的重点是将这些生物信息转化为工程要求，目的是使机器人的行为足够简单有效并适应变化。转化生物学信息是为了改进机器人的行为。B选项“To improve the behavior of the robot(为了改进机器人的行为)”符合题意。故选B。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots.( 科学家们认为，它们对于下一代仿生机器人的发展具有极大的启发意义。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过研究大象鼻子，发现其灵活控制物体的原理，并将其应用于设计“软”机械臂，同时开发类似象皮的3D打印材料。全文围绕象鼻作为“软”机械臂的灵感来源展开。B选项“Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms(象鼻：“软”机械臂的灵感来源)”最能概括文章核心内容，适合用作标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Praising Your Toddler Properly Nothing delights a young child more than praise from his parents. But there can be right and wrong ways of praising children.___13___ There are some basic guidelines to help make your praises to your little one loud and clear.  ●Make it genuine. Well-meaning parents can repeat a mechanical “Good job!” many times a day without even realizing it. Your child can tell whether you really mean it! ___14___ Look at your child in their eyes and smile at him to be sure he can see how pleased you are.  ___15___Be sure the praise is about the child’s behavior, and not a comment on his character. When you say “You are good/bad”, this is a reflection on your child’s character, and he may feel it can’t be changed. Instead, say “Your behavior is good/bad” and it becomes something the child can choose to change.  ●Never make it critical. Be sure not to mix praise with criticism. For example, if your son dresses himself, and you say, “Good job dressing yourself, but those clothes really don’t match,” the praise is lost. ___16___ Just walk into school and proudly tell the teacher “Sammy dressed himself today. Didn’t he do a great job?” and give a wink (递眼色). Your son will be proud and the kids won’t even notice!  ___17___ Aside from the outcome in changing behavior, there is simply no greater reward than watching your child’s face light up when you praise him! A. Never over praise. B. Never make it about his character. C. Be sure your tone and voice communicate your delight. D. It sends a message that the child did not do a good enough job. E. Make it all about your child and not about your thoughts or feelings. F. Using praise to influence your child’s behaviors can be both effective and rewarding. G. Sometimes praise can actually do more harm than good. 【答案】13. G 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是父母应该如何恰当地表扬孩子。 【13题详解】 空前“But there can be right and wrong ways of praising children.(但是表扬孩子的方式有对也有错。)”说明表扬孩子的方式有对有错，空格处应该继续陈述表扬出错的相关内容，G选项“Sometimes praise can actually do more harm than good.(有时候表扬实际上弊大于利。)”说明了有时候表扬弊大于利，是关于表扬方式错误的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【14题详解】 空前“Well-meaning parents can repeat a mechanical “Good job!” many times a day without even realizing it.(好心的父母可能会在一天中无数次地重复着机械式的“干得好！”，而他们甚至都没有意识到这一点。)”是关于父母表扬时所说的话，空格处应该说表扬时说话的相关内容，C选项“Be sure your tone and voice communicate your delight.(确保你的语气和声音传达出你的喜悦。)”说的是表扬时的语气和声音要传达出你的喜悦，是关于说话方面的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【15题详解】 空格处是本段主题句，由空后“Be sure the praise is about the child’s behavior, and not a comment on his character.(一定要表扬孩子的行为，而不是评价他的性格。)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要评价孩子的性格，B选项“Never make it about his character.(不要拿他的性格说事。)”说明了不要评价孩子的性格，概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选B。 【16题详解】 空前“For example, if your son dresses himself, and you say, “Good job dressing yourself, but those clothes really don’t match,” the praise is lost.(例如，如果你的儿子自己穿衣服，而你说：“你做得很好，但是你的衣服真的不匹配。”那么你的赞扬就白费了。)”举的一个表扬不恰当的例子，空格处应该说为什么这种表扬不恰当，D选项“It sends a message that the child did not do a good enough job.(它传递了一个信息，那就是孩子做得不够好。)”说明了为什么空前的表扬是不好的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 空后“Aside from the outcome in changing behavior, there is simply no greater reward than watching your child’s face light up when you praise him!(除了改变行为的结果之外，当你表扬孩子时，没有什么比看着他脸上的笑容更大的奖励了！)”说明了表扬是有好处的，F选项“Using praise to influence your child’s behaviors can be both effective and rewarding.(用表扬来影响孩子的行为是既有效又有益的。)”说明了表扬是有好处的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Sam Fisher took his two young sons, Jessin, 10, and Liam, 7, and their 9-year-old cousin Kaiden on a hike in the Badlands of North Dakota, he was probably planning a day of sightseeing and light exercise. What he did not ___18___, however, was the group’s ___19___ the remains of a young Tyrannosaurus rex that lived millions of years ago. Their find was considered as an “unbelievable ___20___” by the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and will be ___21___ at the museum. Fisher and the boys were surely ___22___. They ___23___ the fossil (化石) with all the respect it deserved. Fisher sent a photo of the find to his old high school classmate, Dr. Tyler Lyson, a paleontologist (古生物学家) in the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and asked for advice. Then, Dr. Lyson ___24___ on the site with the family as well as a skilled team to ___25___ up the fossil. ___26___ they unearthed the remains of the teenage Tyrannosaurus rex. The fossil has since been called “Teen Rex”. According to the size of the bone, experts judged the dinosaur was between 12 and 14 years old at the time of its ____27____ and weighed around 3,500 pounds, about half the size of a ____28____ Tyrannosaurus rex, ____29____ there would have been still much room for growth. “It is ____30____ to find complete Tyrannosaurus rex fossils, and even more unusual to find the young one. These boys have made a discovery that ____31____ science and deepens our understanding of the natural world,” says Dr. Lyson. In addition to the display, the museum will also be ____32____ a new 40-minute film T.REX, which tells this astonishing story. 18. A. find B. expect C. notice D. acquire 19. A. clearing away B. looking for C. passing down D. coming across 20. A. figure B. improvement C. emergency D. discovery 21. A. at present B. on show C. in detail D. under control 22. A. disappointed B. anxious C. excited D. confident 23. A. wondered at B. learned about C. dealt with D. stuck to 24. A. arrived B. stayed C. brushed D. pushed 25. A. turn B. dig C. put D. give 26. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Together D. Besides 27. A. death B. leaving C. meeting D. recovery 28. A. like-minded B. short-sighted C. well-rounded D. fully-developed 29. A. ensuring B. requiring C. implying D. allowing 30. A. risky B. difficult C. boring D. unusual 31. A. advances B. challenges C. introduces D. explains 32. A. screening B. inventing C. admiring D. checking 【答案】18. B 19. D 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了一次徒步旅行，无意中发现了恐龙化石的故事。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他没有预料到的是，这群人发现了一只生活在数百万年前的年轻霸王龙的遗骸。A. find发现；B. expect预料；C. notice注意；D. acquire获得。根据上文“When Sam Fisher took his two young sons, Jessin, 10, and Liam, 7, and their 9-year-old cousin Kaiden on a hike in the Badlands of North Dakota, he was probably planning a day of sightseeing and light exercise.(当Sam Fisher带着他的两个年幼的儿子，10岁的Jessin和7岁的Liam，以及他们9岁的堂兄Kaiden在北达科他州的荒地徒步旅行时，他可能正在计划一天的观光和轻度运动)”可知，这本是一次普通的旅行，但没有预料到的是，这群人发现了一只生活在数百万年前的年轻霸王龙的遗骸。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，他没有预料到的是，这群人偶然发现了一只生活在数百万年前的年轻霸王龙的遗骸。A. clearing away清除；B. looking for寻找；C. passing down传递；D. coming across发现，遇到。根据下“Their find”可知，这群人偶然发现了一只生活在数百万年前的年轻霸王龙的遗骸。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的发现被丹佛自然与科学博物馆认为是一个“令人难以置信的发现”，并将在博物馆展出。A. figure人物；B. improvement提高；C. emergency紧急情况；D. discovery发现。根据下文“made a discovery”可知，这是令人难以置信的发现。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们的发现被丹佛自然与科学博物馆认为是一个“令人难以置信的发现”，并将在博物馆展出。A. at present目前；B. on show展览；C. in detail详细地；D. under control在控制中。根据下文“at the museum”可知，化石会在博物馆展出。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Fisher和孩子们很兴奋。A. disappointed失望的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. confident自信的。根据常识可知，发现化石之后，合理的感情是兴奋的。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们对处理化石给予了应有的尊重。A. wondered at对……惊讶；B. learned about获知；C. dealt with处理；D. stuck to坚持。根据下文“Fisher sent a photo of the find to his old high school classmate, Dr. Tyler Lyson, a paleontologist (古生物学家) in the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and asked for advice.(Fisher将这一发现的照片发给了他的高中老同学、丹佛自然科学博物馆的古生物学家泰勒·莱森博士，并寻求建议)”可知，这是处理化石的方式。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Lyson博士和他的家人以及一个熟练的团队来到现场挖掘化石。A. arrived到达；B. stayed待着；C. brushed刷，拂拭；D. pushed推。根据下文“on the site”可知，指到达了现场。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Lyson博士和他的家人以及一个熟练的团队来到现场挖掘化石。A. turn转向；B. dig挖；C. put放置；D. give给。根据下文“unearthed”可知，他们一起挖掘了幼年霸王龙的遗骸。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们一起挖掘了幼年霸王龙的遗骸。A. Moreover然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Together一起；D. Besides此外。根据下文“they unearthed the remains of the teenage Tyrannosaurus rex.”可知，他们一起挖掘了幼年霸王龙的遗。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据骨头的大小，专家们判断这只恐龙在死亡时年龄在12到14岁之间，体重约为3500磅，大约是一头发育完全的霸王龙的一半，这意味着它还有很大的成长空间。A. death死亡；B. leaving离开；C. meeting会议；D. recovery恢复。根据上文“between 12 and 14 years old”可知，12到14岁之间是死亡的时间。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据骨头的大小，专家们判断这只恐龙在死亡时年龄在12到14岁之间，体重约为3500磅，大约是一头发育完全的霸王龙的一半，这意味着它还有很大的成长空间。A. like-minded志趣相投的；B. short-sighted近视的；C. well-rounded面面俱到的；D. fully-developed发育成熟的。根据上文“between 12 and 14 years old”可知，指与幼年的霸王龙相对的是成年的霸王龙。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据骨头的大小，专家们判断这只恐龙在死亡时年龄在12到14岁之间，体重约为3500磅，大约是一头发育完全的霸王龙的一半，这暗示着它还有很大的成长空间。A. ensuring确保；B. requiring要求；C. implying暗示；D. allowing允许。根据下文“there would have been still much room for growth”可知，这暗示着它还有很大的成长空间。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：找到完整的雷克斯霸王龙化石是不寻常的，更不寻常的是找到年轻的霸王龙。A. risky冒险的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring令人厌烦的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文“even more unusual to find the young one”可知，找到完整的雷克斯霸王龙化石是不寻常的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些男孩的发现推动了科学的发展，加深了我们对自然世界的理解，”Lyson博士说。A. advances推动；B. challenges挑战；C. introduces介绍；D. explains解释。根据下文“deepens our understanding of the natural world”可知，这些男孩的发现推动了科学的发展。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了展览，博物馆还将放映一部40分钟的新影片《霸王龙》，该片讲述了这个惊人的故事。A. screening播放（电视节目）；B. inventing发明；C. admiring羡慕；D. checking核对。根据下文“a new 40-minute film T.REX, which tells this astonishing story”可知，博物馆还将放映一部40分钟的新电影。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当内容(1个单调)或括号内单词的正确形式. The change from middle school ___33___ high school can be stressful (有压力的) for all teens. Academic expectations increase, and socializing and after-school activities become more important. Some of these expectations can create special ___34___ (difficulty) for kids with learning and thinking differences. Staying organized enough to get everything ___35___ (do) can be a struggle in high school. Learning and thinking differences can cause trouble with time management. But to manage teachers and parents can help teens learn how ___36___ (manage) tasks to keep themselves on track. With more work and tests, students also need to have strong study skills. They may have assignments (任务) in different classes with the same deadline (最后期限).But teachers can smaller help them break long-term assignments down into ___37___ (small), more manageable helpful pieces. It may be ___38___ (help) for them to learn strategies to study for tests and try studying with methods ___39___ can improve their learning strengths. After-school activities can make staying on top of things even more complicated. They are great ways for teens to make friends and explore their interests. But because they take up time, activities can make ___40___ hard for teens to do everything else. Teachers should talk to students about ways to balance an activity and school. High school can be ___41___ (equal) exciting and challenging, but our teens can staying overcome challenges and find success by ___42___ (stay) in touch with teachers and parents. 【答案】33. to 34. difficulties 35. done 36. to manage 37. smaller 38. helpful 39. that##which 40. it 41. equally 42. staying 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了刚入高中的高中生会面临的挑战以及解决办法。 【33题详解】 考查介词。句意：从初中到高中的转变对所有青少年来说都是压力很大的。结合句意可知，本空填介词to，此处是固定搭配：from...to...意为“从……到……”。故填to。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：其中一些期望会给有学习和思维差异的孩子带来特殊的困难。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词difficulty“困难”，结合句意可知，困难不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作create的宾语。故填difficulties。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在高中，保持足够的条理性来完成每件事可能是一件很困难的事情。动词do意为“做”。结合句意可知，everything与do为被动关系，故用过去分词done，作宾补。get sth. done意为“完成某事、让某事被做”。故填done。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但老师和家长可以帮助青少年学习如何管理任务，让自己走上正轨。分析句子结构可知，空处应填manage“管理”的不定式形式。此处是“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。故填to manage。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但老师可以帮助他们将长期作业分解成更小、更容易管理的部分。分析句子结构可知，空处和后文的形容词比较级more manageable一起作定语，修饰名词pieces，所以应该用形容词比较级smaller“更小”。故填smaller。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这可能有助于他们学习策略，为考试而学习，并尝试学习的方法，可以提高他们的学习优势。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处填形容词作表语，根据句意，此处用help的形容词helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这可能有助于他们学习策略，为考试而学习，并尝试学习的方法，可以提高他们的学习优势。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是methods，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：但是由于活动占用时间，青少年很难做其他事情。分析句子结构可知，空处填it，作形式宾语。此处是固定结构：make+it+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.“使得做某事对于某人来说怎么样”。故填it。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：高中生活同样令人兴奋和充满挑战，但我们的青少年可以通过与老师和父母保持联系来克服挑战并取得成功。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词短语exciting and challenging，应该用副词equally“同样地”作状语。故填equally。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：高中生活同样令人兴奋和充满挑战，但我们的青少年可以通过与老师和父母保持联系来克服挑战并取得成功。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词by，所以空处应填动名词staying作宾语。stay in touch with sb.“与某人保持联系”。故填staying。 第三节 单词拼写(共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 根据首字母或者括号中文提示完成句子，每空一词 43. It is common for teenagers and their parents to have heated a________ and cold silences that lead to family tensions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】arguments##rguments 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：青少年和父母之间激烈的争论和冷漠的沉默导致家庭关系紧张是很常见的。与“cold silence”并列，作have宾语；由It is common for teenagers and their parents to have heated可知，句子表示“青少年和父母之间激烈的争论和冷漠的沉默导致家庭关系紧张是很常见的”，空格处意为“争论”，由首字母提示a可知，是argument，由句意以及silences可知，空格处用复数，故填arguments。 44. Even when parents no longer live together, they continue to be r___________for their children. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】responsible##esponsible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：即使父母不再生活在一起，他们仍然要对自己的孩子负责。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“有责任的”，为形容词responsible，be responsible for固定搭配，意为“对……负责”，故填responsible。 45. When discovery methods specifically d________ for child-centred learning were applied in schools, the change was unbelievably obvious. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】designed##esigned 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当专为以儿童为中心的学习量身打造的探索式教学法被应用于学校时，其带来的变化令人惊叹。根据句意“设计”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词design，为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词短语discovery methods，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填designed。 46. You have made great progress, but there is still room for i________ in your work. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】improvement##mprovement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你已经取得了巨大的进步，但你的工作仍然有改进的空间。设空处使用名词作宾语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“改进，提升”用improvement，其为不可数名词。故填improvement。 47. As far as I’m c________, reading opens up a new world to me. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】concerned##oncerned 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：就我而言，阅读为我打开了一个新世界。设空处与As far as I’m构成固定搭配，根据首字母c可知，此处表示“就……而言”用as far as I’m concerned。故填concerned。 48. She was admitted to a university far away from her hometown. It was the first time that she had lived i ________ of her family. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】independently##ndependently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她考上了一所远离家乡的大学。这是她第一次脱离家人独立生活。根据句意“独立地”和首字母提示可知，此处为副词independently，作状语，修饰动词had lived。故填independently。 49. There are far more o________ now for school leavers than there were fifty years ago. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】opportunities##pportunities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在的毕业生比五十年前有更多的机会。由for school leavers可知，句子表示“现在的毕业生比五十年前有更多的机会”，空格处意为“机会”，由首字母提示o可知，是opportunity，结合空前more以及句意可知此处表复数含义，因此用复数，在there be句型中作主语。故填opportunities。 50. The company expects to sell more than 400 cars in the region next year, with China a________ for half of that. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】accounting##ccounting 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：该公司预计明年在该地区售出 400 多辆汽车，其中中国市场占一半。本句为with的复合结构。结合首字母 a及 “占（比例）” 的语义，对应的短语为 “account for”（占……比例）与China为主动关系，用现在分词做宾语补足语。故填accounting。 51. Judging from his last jump, Jason was ________ (不可能) to have recovered from his injuries. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】unlikely 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：从他最后一跳的表现来看，杰森不太可能从伤病中恢复过来。空格处用形容词作表语，主语Jason是人，因此“不可能”用形容词unlikely，sb. be unlikely to do sth.是固定短语，意为“某人不可能做某事”，故填unlikely。 52. Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest ________ (挑战) faced by scientists today. 【答案】challenges 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：找到解决这个问题的方法是当今科学家面临的最大挑战之一。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。根据句意，challenge为可数名词，意为“挑战”。此处表示“许多挑战”，应该使用复数。故填challenges。 53. It was late afternoon, she had to keep ________ (提醒) herself, even though her body-clock seemed stubbornly convinced it was bedtime. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reminding 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她不断提醒自己，现在才傍晚时分——尽管她的生物钟固执地认定已经到睡觉时间了。根据汉语提示“提醒”可知，此处为动词remind，keep doing sth为固定搭配，意为“一直做某事”。故填reminding。 54. Doctors and other experts also recognise how important a ________ (平衡的) diet is for a child’s normal development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】balanced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：医生和其他专家也认识到，均衡的饮食对于儿童正常的生长发育是多么重要。设空处修饰名词diet，应填入形容词，根据所给汉语提示“平衡的”，用balanced。故填balanced。 55. All the students are supposed to know what to do in an ________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emergency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有学生都应该知道在紧急情况下该怎么做。根据汉语提示“紧急情况”可知，此处为名词emergency，in an emergency表示“在紧急情况下”，为固定短语。故填emergency。 56. She ________ (自愿地) offered to help with the community project, showing her dedication to making a difference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】voluntarily 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她主动提出帮助社区项目，显示出她致力于做出改变的决心。空格处用副词修饰动词offered，“自愿地”是副词voluntarily。故填voluntarily。 57. We have launched a new product, but so far customers’ ________ (反应) to it have been disappointing. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】responses 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们推出了一款新产品，但到目前为止，顾客对它的反应令人失望。“反应”是response，由所有格customers’可知，空格处用名词复数，故填responses。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 58. 假定你是校英文报主编。为积极响应节能号召, 共建绿色家园，请用英语写一封以“节约用电，珍惜能源”为主题的倡议书，内容包括： 1. 节约用电的意义； 2. 日常节电的措施。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear friends, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ School Newspaper 【答案】One possible version: Dear friends, There is no denying that electricity plays a great role in our society. However, with the rapid development of our country, it is being consumed too much, which threatens the sustainable economic growth. It is high time that we saved electricity. Switch off the household appliances in time. Use the stairs as often as possible. Set the air conditioner at a reasonable temperature. All in all, form a good habit of saving electricity. Let’s make joint efforts to save energy and live a green low-carbon life. School Newspaper 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇“节约用电，珍惜能源”为主题的倡议书。 【详解】词汇积累 在……方面起重要作用： play a great role in → play an important role in 关闭：switch off →turn off 总之：all in all→in a word 养成……的好习惯：form a good habit of→ develop a good habit of 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句： Switch off the household appliances in time. 拓展句：Switch off the household appliances which are not used in time. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, with the rapid development of our country, it is being consumed too much, which threatens the sustainable economic growth. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 There is no denying that electricity plays a great role in our society. （运用了同位语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The first time we set eyes on the beautiful dress “big Red.”father, mother and I were walking slowly through the freshly fallen snow on our way to Hubble's Hardware store on Main Street. The colorfully decorated window display held the best toys ever and some other things. And they were all placed pleasantly beneath the breathtaking dress of Big Red. Mother’s eyes were glued to the massive flame of red satin(绸缎)，dotted with twinkling stars. “My goodness,"she managed to say in dreamlike wonder."Would you just look at that dress!"Then,totally out of character, mother unexpectedly danced on the slippery sidewalk. Beneath the heavy,grey wool coat that she had worm every winter for as long as I could remember,mother lost her balance and fell clumsily. Father quickly caught her. Her cheeks redder than usual, mother blamed dad for laughing."Oh,stop that!" she ordered, as my father swept the snow from her coat."What a silly dress to be displayed there in the window of Eaton's!" she shook her head in disbelief. "Who on earth would want such a brightly-colored dress? It is too expensive."As we continued to walk down the street, mother turned back for one more look."My goodness! You'd think they'd display something that a person could use!” Christmas was around the corner and the red dress was soon forgotten.Mother was not the one to wish for, or spend money on,things that were not practical."There are things we need more than this,"she'd always say, or,"There are things we need more than that." Father,on the other hand, liked to buy things whenever the budget allowed. Of course,he'd get a scolding for his occasional spending like this,but it was all done with the best intention. On our last trip to town before Christmas,we were driving up Main Street when mother suddenly exclaimed in surprise, “Would you just look at that!"She pointed excitedly as Dad drove past Eaton's."That big red dress is gone,” she said in disbelief. “It's actually gone." 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dad looked quickly and smiled,"Yes,it is not there!” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I'll never forget that Christmas morning when father handed mother a box. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dad looked quickly and smiled, “Yes, it is not here!” “But who would like to buy that silly dress, which is neither practical nor cheap?” Mom marveled, but meanwhile both father and I could discern an inexplicable but conspicuous disappointment crept over her face. “Some romantic, reserved loving man might buy that for their wife.” Father winked slyly at mom and me from the rear mirror as if he were the secretive devoting husband he depicted. I will never forget that Christmas morning when father handed mother a box. “Ta da, the most silly gift for my princess!” father exclaimed, eyeing at his wife in a loving and expectant way. Mother, too stunned to speak, received the box with her trembling hands. Her palms sweating, throat tightening, mother’s hand slided through the red satin and lingered at the twinkling stars. “Oh, Tom, you shouldn’t have been that extravagant.” “No, baby, you deserve the highest honor and my passionate love on this Special Christmas.” 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物和大红裙子为线索展开，描述了作者一家雪中漫步时，在商店橱窗外，作者母亲第一次看到漂亮的大红裙子，被深深吸引的表情以及和家人谈论时故作不喜欢的样子。以及圣诞节前，作者一家再次进城时，母亲发现橱窗里的大红裙子不见时难以置信的表情。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“爸爸快速地看了看并微笑着说：是的，它不在这里!”可知，第一段可描写作者父亲神秘和狡黠的神情和动作以及母亲内心对于大红裙子不见了的惊讶与失望。 ②由第二段首句内容“我永远不会忘记那个圣诞节的早晨，父亲递给母亲一个盒子。”可知，第二段可描写作者父亲送出大红裙子时，对母亲的爱意与期待以及母亲收到礼物时的惊讶和激动之情。 2.续写线索：大雪中，橱窗里的大红裙子——圣诞节前，消失的大红裙子——红裙消失，母亲的失落与父亲的神秘——圣诞节，父亲的神秘礼物和母亲的惊讶与激动 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①一起走路：walking slowly through /walking along slowly ②责备：blame for/reproach/accuse 情绪类 ①失望：disappointment/regret/despair ②惊讶：disbelief/incredible 【点睛】[高分句型1]. But who would like to buy that silly dress, which is neither practical nor cheap? （由关系词which引导的非限定从的熟练运用） [高分句型2]. Father winked slyly at mom and me from the rear mirror as if he were the secretive devoting husband he depicted. （as if引导虚拟条件句的熟练运用） [高分句型3]. “Ta da, the most silly gift for my princess!” father exclaimed, eyeing at his wife in a loving and expectant way. （非谓语的熟练运用） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $