精品解析：广东省普宁市勤建学校2025-2026学年高三上学期第二次调研考试英语试题

勤建学校高三年级上学期第二次调研考试 英语试卷 2025.10 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A groundbreaking study published in The Lancet Public Health reveals that walking 7,000 steps daily can significantly enhance brain function and lower the risk of major diseases, challenging the widely accepted but unscientific 10,000-step standard. Key Findings: After analyzing data from more than 160,000 adults globally, researchers discovered that compared to just 2,000 steps per day, achieving 7,000 steps leads to: •25% lower risk of heart disease •6% reduced chance of cancer •38% decreased dementia risk •22% lower likelihood of depression Lead researcher Dr. Melody Ding clarifies that the 10,000-step target traces back to a 1960s Japanese pedometer (计步器) marketing strategy rather than medical evidence. Health Expert Opinions: Dr. Daniel Bailey (Brunel University London) recommends 7,000 steps as a “realistic and regular” daily goal, rather than occasional intense efforts. Dr. Andrew Scott (University of Portsmouth) advises that while “more movement is better”, consistency matters most. Prof. Azeem Majeed (Imperial College London) highlights that routine daily activities like gardening or cleaning also contribute meaningfully in the long run. Practical Advice: Make it social: Walk with friends/family to stay motivated and enjoy quality time. Start small: Even 4,000 daily steps show measurable health improvements over inactivity. Focus on feeling good: Regular walker Jon Stride emphasizes that mental well-being benefits outweigh strict step counts. While official guidelines recommend 150 weekly exercise minutes, this study shows regular 7,000-step walking provides major health benefits. The key is consistent movement — whether through walking, daily tasks, or other activities — without overemphasizing perfect numbers. Small, sustainable efforts make the real difference. 1. How many steps per day can significantly lower disease risks according to the study? A. 2,000 steps. B. 4,000 steps. C. 7,000 steps. D. 10,000 steps. 2. What do health experts emphasize in walking advice? A. Impressive records. B. Official guidance. C. Intensive movement. D. Sustainable habits. 3. What is recommended to make walking more enjoyable? A. Sharing walks with friends. B. Starting with small goals. C. Focusing on step counts. D. Setting MUST-DO daily tasks. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述介绍了一项研究指出每日走7000步可显著改善大脑功能并降低重大疾病风险及专家建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A groundbreaking study published in The Lancet Public Health reveals that walking 7,000 steps daily can significantly enhance brain function and lower the risk of major diseases, challenging the widely accepted but unscientific 10,000-step standard.(发表在《柳叶刀-公共卫生》上的一项开创性研究显示，每日走7000步可以显著改善大脑功能，降低患重大疾病的风险，这对普遍认可但缺乏科学依据的10000步标准提出了挑战)”可知，根据研究，每天走7000步可以显著降低疾病风险。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Health Expert Opinions部分中“Dr. Daniel Bailey (Brunel University London) recommends 7,000 steps as a “realistic and regular” daily goal, rather than occasional intense efforts.(伦敦布鲁内尔大学的Daniel Bailey博士建议将7000步作为一个“现实而规律的”日常目标，而不是偶尔的剧烈运动)”，“Dr. Andrew Scott (University of Portsmouth) advises that while “more movement is better”, consistency matters most.(朴茨茅斯大学的Andrew Scott博士建议，虽然“运动越多越好”，但最重要的是坚持)”以及“Prof. Azeem Majeed (Imperial College London) highlights that routine daily activities like gardening or cleaning also contribute meaningfully in the long run.(伦敦帝国理工学院的Azeem Majeed教授强调，从长远来看，园艺或清洁等日常活动也有重要意义)”可知，健康专家强调的是可持续的习惯。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Practical Advice部分中“Make it social: Walk with friends/family to stay motivated and enjoy quality time.(社交化：与朋友/家人一起散步，保持动力，享受美好时光)”可知，建议与朋友分享散步，让散步更愉快。故选A。 B Five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard (蜥蜴) was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. I didn’t think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months. The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband’s birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special — a birthday cake. Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday. Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance. The poignancy (辛酸) of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new. 4. What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1? A. Its tank grew dirty. B. It got a strange disease. C. Its old skin came off. D. It ran out of the tank. 5. Why did the author’s husband have banana pudding for his birthday? A. The birthday cake tasted terrible. B. The birthday cake was ruined. C. Pudding was his favourite dessert. D. They couldn’t afford a birthday cake. 6. Why did the author refer to The Last Dance in the passage? A. To illustrate a life lesson. B. To explain a personal decision. C. To describe a memorable event. D. To highlight a sports achievement. 7. What message does the author convey? A. Past experiences should be treasured. B. Family bonds help overcome life challenges. C. Emotional growth comes from unexpected changes. D. Letting go of the past is essential for moving forward. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者通过观察家中宠物蜥蜴蜕皮，以及家庭生活中经历的一系列意外和变故，联想到迈克尔·乔丹退役转型的纪录片《最后一舞》，最终领悟到人生需要像蜥蜴蜕皮一样，学会放下过去、接受改变、勇敢前行的深刻主题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I reported the strange surface on the skin to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(第二天一早，我就把蜥蜴皮肤上这层奇怪的覆盖物告诉了丈夫和孩子们。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从饲养箱里爬了出来，旧皮从身上脱落，拖在身后)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away.(花瓶摔落，在蛋糕旁摔得粉碎，玻璃碴儿到处都是。女儿放声大哭，我只好把蛋糕扔掉)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The poignancy (辛酸) of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(乔丹放弃自己钟爱的篮球转而投身棒球这项运动，以及促使他做出如此艰难决定的种种因素，都让我感到十分惊讶。当我看到他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我仿佛看到了他抛弃了不再适合自己的那层外衣，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们命运的时刻。但当一切都不再相同之后，他们不得不接受自己的现状。就像我们一样。我意识到，我们必须学会放下过去)”可知，作者在文中提及《最后一舞》是为了阐明一个人生哲理。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.(人类不像其他动物那样能轻易蜕皮。改变的开端总是令人不安，过程也疲惫不堪。伤痛往往在我们还未准备好时就将我们改变。我看着我们家那只蜥蜴，它蜕皮后显得那么稚嫩，却也近乎全新)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选D。 C Tomatoes and fries make a tasty pair. But the connection between tomatoes and potatoes may go beyond making a good meal. Potatoes today might have evolved with the help of an early tomato, according to a new paper published in a leading scientific journal recently. A team of scientists analyzed the genomes (基因组) of wild potatoes, tomatoes, and their ancestors. They found that each potato species contains a mix of genetics from tomatoes and a potato-like ancestor, suggesting the modern potato resulted from an event between the two. “This is one of the largest genomic collections of wild potatoes ever analyzed,” says Zhiyang Zhang, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the lead author of the study. Scientists already knew that tomatoes and potatoes were related to some degree — both belong to the Solanum (茄属植物) group, after all, along with the eggplant. And potatoes and tomatoes are each other’s closest living relatives. So, they took a closer look at their genes. Zhang and his team found that wild tomato plants interbred with a potato-like plant called Etuberosum around nine million years ago. Alone, neither plant had the genes to make these underground parts — but together, they could grow the feature. That event, the authors suggest, occurred in the Andes Mountains. The underground parts allowed the potato to survive in this unforgiving habitat and spread across the world. They enabled plants to reproduce without seeds, making them adaptable. “Evolving these underground parts gave potatoes a huge advantage in hard environments, fueling an explosion of new species,” says Sanwen Huang, a genome researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the study’s senior author, in a statement. Zhang’s team hopes that understanding the potato’s evolution can help scientists develop innovative ways to breed the species and make the food stronger today. Zhang is already looking into ways potatoes might be grown from seeds. Seed potatoes could be more genetically diverse and resistant to various risks, such as drought. The work also demonstrates how different species can be unexpectedly connected by evolution. “Next time you eat potatoes,” Huang adds, “thank a tomato.” 8. Why does the author mention “tomatoes and fries”? A. To introduce the topic of the text. B. To show their different flavors. C. To summarize the content of the text. D. To compare their evolutionary patterns. 9. How did the scientists mainly conduct their study? A. They checked some genetic information. B. They observed the ancestor plants’ seeds. C. They studied modern potatoes’ different fruits. D. They analyzed potatoes and tomatoes’ relatives. 10. What does the underlined word “interbred” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Survived together. B. Disappeared together. C. Produced young together. D. Made changes together. 11. What do Sanwen Huang and Zhiyang Zhang stress? A. The necessity of thanking potatoes. B. The importance of studying potatoes’ evolution. C. The key to learning the risks of planting potatoes. D. The solution to improving potatoes’ living environments. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究，该研究发现土豆如今的进化可能得益于早期的番茄。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Tomatoes and fries make a tasty pair. But the connection between tomatoes and potatoes may go beyond making a good meal. Potatoes today might have evolved with the help of an early tomato, according to a new paper published in a leading scientific journal recently.(番茄和薯条是美味搭档。但番茄和土豆之间的联系可能不止于构成一顿佳肴。据最近发表在某顶尖科学期刊上的一篇新论文称，如今的土豆或许是在早期番茄的帮助下进化而来的)”可知，作者提及番茄和薯条是为了用人们熟悉的搭配引出番茄与土豆进化关联这一主题。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team of scientists analyzed the genomes (基因组) of wild potatoes, tomatoes, and their ancestors. They found that each potato species contains a mix of genetics from tomatoes and a potato-like ancestor, suggesting the modern potato resulted from an event between the two.(一组科学家分析了野生土豆、番茄及其祖先的基因组。他们发现，每个土豆品种的基因都混合了番茄和一种类土豆祖先的基因，表明现代马铃薯是两者之间的一次事件的产物)”可知，科学家主要通过分析基因组（即遗传信息）开展研究。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Zhang and his team found that wild tomato plants interbred with a potato-like plant called Etuberosum around nine million years ago. Alone, neither plant had the genes to make these underground parts — but together, they could grow the feature.(张和他的团队发现，大约 900 万年前，野生番茄植株与一种名为 Etuberosum 的类土豆植株 interbred。单独来看，这两种植物都没有长出这些地下部分（指土豆的块茎）的基因，但结合在一起，它们就能培育出这一特征)”可知，“单独无相关基因，结合后有特征”暗示两者发生了基因融合，即“杂交繁殖”。由此猜测interbred意为“杂交繁殖”，与Produced young together（一起繁殖后代）含义一致。故选C。 11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Zhang’s team hopes that understanding the potato’s evolution can help scientists develop innovative ways to breed the species and make the food stronger today.(张的团队希望，了解土豆的进化能帮助科学家开发创新的育种方法，让这种作物如今变得更茁壮)”及“‘Evolving these underground parts gave potatoes a huge advantage in hard environments, fueling an explosion of new species,’ says Sanwen Huang, a genome researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the study’s senior author, in a statement.(中国农业科学院基因组研究员、该研究报告的资深作者黄三文在一份声明中说，这些地下部分的进化使土豆在艰苦环境中具有巨大优势，促进了新物种的激增)”可知，两人均强调研究土豆进化的重要性——既揭示其进化优势，又能助力实际育种。故选B。 D There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. It can clearly show both extremely bright celestial bodies (天体) and not very bright objects in the same photo, and can also track fast-moving celestial bodies without motion-caused unclear images. Traditional digital cameras work by checking pixels (像素) many times per second, recording data from every pixel each time. These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. This working method has advantages. For the same video, it stores less data as it only records pixels with changing brightness, and it can operate at a much higher rate. In addition, such cameras can show not very bright objects even with very bright ones nearby — these bright objects would cause overexposure in images taken by traditional cameras. This is because its pixels detect light in a different way instead of following a linear scale. To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. Meanwhile, Singh Thakur added, “These cameras are also excellent at detecting fast-moving objects due to their higher rates. You can shoot at very high speeds and still get fast-moving objects. Ordinary cameras would only produce unclear images.” 12. How does the author begin paragraph 1? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving a definition. C. By describing a phenomenon. D. By drawing a comparison. 13. Which statement fits the event cameras’ working mode? A. They check pixels constantly. B. They tend to store the same data. C. They focus on changing brightness data. D. They record stable pixels’ locations. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly show about the event cameras? A. Their major components. B. Their installation process. C. Their potential advantages. D. Their practical application. 15. What is Mark Norris’s attitude to the event cameras? A Approving. B. Watchful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种工作方式类似人眼的新型相机，这种相机对天文学颇具价值。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. (有一种新型照相机的工作原理与人眼相似，这对天文学家来说可能非常有用)”可知，作者通过将这种新型相机的工作方式与人眼的工作方式进行比较，引出了这种新型相机的特性及其对天文学的潜在价值。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第二段中“These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. (这些被称为“事件相机”（event camera）的新相机的工作方式有所不同：只有当像素所在位置的亮度发生变化时，才会检查像素。如果传感器上某一点的亮度与之前的读数相同，则不存储新数据。这与人眼收集感官信息的方式类似)”可知，只有当某个像素位置的亮度发生变化时，这种新型相机才会检查该像素。如果传感器上某一点的亮度与前一次读数相同，新数据则不会被存储下来。故选C。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. (为了探索这项技术在天文学上的潜力，印度科学研究所的Chetan Singh Thakur和他的同事们在印度的两台望远镜上分别安装了这些相机。他们成功地拍摄了地球和月球之间物体的清晰图像，并拍摄了由夜空中最亮的天狼星A和天狼星B组成的天狼星双星系统的照片)”可知，本段主要描述了这种新型相机在天文学中的实际应用。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. (没有参与这项研究的英国中央兰开夏大学的马克·诺里斯指出，天狼星A的亮度大约是天狼星B的1万倍，这意味着传统的传感器无法在一张照片中清楚地显示两者)”可知，Mark Norris指出，天狼星A的亮度约为天狼星B亮度的10,000倍，这意味着传统传感器永远无法在一张照片中同时清晰呈现二者。由此可知，他对事件相机持认可的态度。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Household Chores（家务活）Suitable for Teenagers Teenagers are at an age when they can take on more responsibilities. ____16____ Here are some household chores that are particularly suitable for teenagers. ____17____ They can be responsible for tidying up their own rooms, including making their beds, organizing their desks, and putting away clothes. This not only keeps their personal space neat but also instills a sense of personal responsibility. Additionally, they can help with general household cleaning, such as sweeping, mopping floors and dusting furniture. These tasks are straightforward and can be completed relatively quickly, making them ideal for busy teenagers. The kitchen is another area where teenagers can be very helpful. They can assist with meal preparation, such as washing vegetables and setting the table. This not only lightens the load for parents but also teaches teenagers valuable cooking skills that will serve them well in the future. ____18____ Cleaning the kitchen counters and stovetop helps maintain a hygienic and pleasant cooking environment. Managing laundry (洗衣物) is a practical skill that teenagers can easily learn. They can be responsible for sorting, washing and drying, as well as some household linens such as towels and bed sheets. ____19____ If the family has pets, teenagers can play a significant role in their care. This includes feeding the pets, cleaning their living areas, and taking dogs for walks. Caring for pets teaches empathy and responsibility, as teenagers learn to look after another living being. ____20____ A. Teenagers can do a variety of cleaning tasks. B. These activities keep the outdoor spaces looking tidy. C. Teenagers can help with tasks like cooking simple meals. D This teaches them to keep their clothes clean and organized. E. It also provides an opportunity for enjoyment and company. F. After meals, they can take on the responsibility of washing dishes. G. Engaging in regular chores helps them contribute to the household. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些适合青少年做的家务活。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Teenagers are at an age when they can take on more responsibilities. (青少年已到可以承担更多责任的年纪)”，以及后文“Here are some household chores that are particularly suitable for teenagers. (以下是一些特别适合青少年的家务)”可知，此空衔接家务与责任的关系，说明青少年做家事的意义。G选项“Engaging in regular chores helps them contribute to the household. (定期参与家务有助于他们为家庭做贡献)”符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 分析语篇结构，此处为本段主题句，与其他段落聚焦“特定家务场景”的逻辑一致，且需概括段落核心内容。根据下文“They can be responsible for tidying up their own rooms... Additionally, they can help with general household cleaning, such as sweeping, mopping floors and dusting furniture. (他们可以负责整理自己的房间……此外，还能帮忙做全屋清洁，比如扫地、拖地、给家具除尘)”可知，本段围绕“各类清洁工作”展开。A选项“Teenagers can do a variety of cleaning tasks. (青少年可以做各类清洁家务)”符合本段主旨，适合作为主题句。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“They can assist with meal preparation, such as washing vegetables and setting the table. (他们可以协助备餐，比如洗菜、摆餐具)”和后文“Cleaning the kitchen counters and stovetop helps maintain a hygienic and pleasant cooking environment. (清洁厨房柜台和灶台有助于保持一个卫生和愉快的烹饪环境)”可知，此空需补充“餐后”的厨房家务，完善“厨房协助”的全流程。F选项“After meals, they can take on the responsibility of washing dishes. (饭后，他们可以负责洗碗。)”符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据本段主题句“Managing laundry (洗衣物) is a practical skill that teenagers can easily learn. (洗衣服是一项青少年很容易学会的实用技能。)”以及前文“They can be responsible for sorting, washing and drying, as well as some household linens such as towels and bed sheets.(他们可以负责衣物分类、洗涤、烘干，还可以打理毛巾、床单等家居织物)”可知，此空说明“衣物打理”对青少年的意义。D选项“This teaches them to keep their clothes clean and organized. (这能教会他们保持衣物干净、整齐)”符合语境。选D项。 【20题详解】 根据本段主题句“If the family has pets, teenagers can play a significant role in their care. (如果家里有宠物，青少年可以在照顾宠物方面发挥重要作用。)”以及前文“Caring for pets teaches empathy and responsibility, as teenagers learn to look after another living being.(照料宠物能培养同理心和责任感，因为青少年会学着照顾另一个生命)”可知，此空需补充宠物照料的额外价值。E选项“It also provides an opportunity for enjoyment and company. (这还能提供快乐和陪伴的机会)”符合语境。故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up across the road from a 4-H camp. During the summer it was busy, but the rest of the year, it was largely ____21____. I would ride my bike along its roads and ____22____ basketball at its courts, always returning home prior to nightfall. The period arrived when I was finally old enough to ____23____ the camp myself. Although my home was merely situated across the roadway, this meant a week-long ____24____. We were ___25___ in tents, and the days were occupied with fun classes and activities. Nevertheless, during the intervals, loneliness crept into my heart. I found myself longing for the ____26____ of my parents. One afternoon during such leisure time I ____27____ to sneak back home. Upon crossing the doorway, however, I immediately perceived an unusual ____28____. My parents were evidently out. As I wandered through the house, a strange and almost scary feeling ____29____ me. I hurried back to the camp, fighting back tears, not fully understanding my ____30____. Looking back, I ____31____ that it was the fear of losing my parents. The physical structure of the house was made ____32____ by their absence. A house is just a house, but a house full of love is a home. Fill your homes with boundless ____33____, shared laughter, and profound joy. ____34____ enduring memories that persist across a lifetime. Then you will understand that the true ____35____ of a home is woven from the threads of love and shared memories. 21. A. deserted B. occupied C. crowded D. blocked 22. A. roll B. hold C. shoot D. deliver 23. A. build up B. compete in C. sign up for D. look forward to 24. A. celebration B. separation C. experience D. entertainment 25. A. protected B. involved C. trapped D. accommodated 26. A. presence B. understanding C. commitment D. complaint 27. A. failed B. promised C. resolved D. prepared 28. A. light B. activity C. image D. emptiness 29. A. enveloped B. released C. inspired D. comforted 30. A. intention B. emotion C. behavior D. imagination 31. A. predict B. determine C. remember D. comprehend 32. A. invisible B. abandoned C. insignificant D. fascinating 33. A. rules B. affection C. arguments D. silence 34. A. Create B. Dismiss C. Prevent D. Identify 35. A. honour B. core C. morality D. recognition 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个4-H营地长大，营地夏天热闹，其他时间则比较冷清。当作者终于可以参加营地活动时，体验到了与父母的短暂分离，并因此产生了对失去父母的恐惧，最终作者意识到家的真正核心是爱和共同的回忆。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：夏天的时候它很热闹，但一年中的其他时间，它基本上是荒芜的。A. deserted荒芜的；B. occupied被占用的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. blocked堵塞的。上文“During the summer it was busy, but the rest of the year”中but表示转折，说明一年中除了夏天，其他时间营地基本上是荒芜的，“deserted”与“busy”形成对比。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会沿着营地的路骑自行车，在球场上打篮球，总是在天黑前回家。A. roll滚动；B. hold握住；C. shoot射击，投篮；D. deliver递送。根据后文“basketball at its courts”可知，作者在球场上打篮球；shoot basketball为固定搭配，意为“投篮，打篮球”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：终于到了我足够大可以自己报名参加夏令营的时候了。A. build up增强；B. compete in参加比赛；C. sign up for报名参加；D. look forward to期待。根据前文“I was finally old enough”和后文“the camp myself”可推知，作者长大了，能自己报名参加夏令营了。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的家就在马路对面，但这意味着要分开一周。A. celebration庆祝；B. separation分离；C. experience经历；D. entertainment娱乐。根据前文“I was finally old enough to  ____ the camp myself”和后文“Nevertheless, during the intervals, loneliness crept into my heart. I found myself longing for the ____ of my parents.”可推知，作者独自报名参加了夏令营，要和父母分开一周，感到孤独，所以想念父母。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们住在帐篷里，白天忙着上有趣的课和参加活动。A. protected保护；B. involved涉及；C. trapped困住；D. accommodated容纳，提供住宿。根据常识和后文“in tents”可知，作者参加了夏令营，要住帐篷；be accommodated in为固定搭配，意为“被安置于；被安排住在”。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己渴望父母的存在。A. presence存在；B. understanding理解；C. commitment承诺；D. complaint抱怨。根据上文“Nevertheless, during the intervals, loneliness crept into my heart.”可知，作者在夏令营期间感到孤独，渴望父母在身边。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午这样的闲暇时间，我决定偷偷溜回家。A. failed失败；B. promised承诺；C. resolved决定；D. prepared准备。根据后文“to sneak back home”和“Upon crossing the doorway”可知，作者决定偷偷溜回家，并真正去做了这件事。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我跨过门槛时，我立刻感觉到一种不同寻常的空虚。A. light光；B. activity活动；C. image图像；D. emptiness空虚。根据前文“Nevertheless, during the intervals, loneliness crept into my heart. I found myself longing for the ____ of my parents.”和后文“My parents were evidently out.”可知，父母想念父母，偷偷溜回家却发现父母不在家，所以感到一种失落和空虚。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过房子时，一种奇怪而几乎可怕的感觉笼罩了我。A. enveloped笼罩；B. released释放；C. inspired激励；D. comforted安慰。根据前文“a strange and almost scary feeling”和后文“I hurried back to the camp, fighting back tears”可知，没有看到父母，作者感觉很不好，这是一种可怕的情绪，作者感觉深陷其中，被其笼罩。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我强忍着泪水回到营地，不完全理解自己的情绪。A. intention意图；B. emotion情绪；C. behavior行为；D. imagination想象力。根据前文“a strange and almost scary feeling”和“I hurried back to the camp, fighting back tears”可知，作者被一种可怕的情绪笼罩，但自己并不完全理解这种情绪，“emotion”与“scary feeling”相照应。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我明白那是对失去父母的恐惧。A. predict预测；B. determine决定；C. remember记得；D. comprehend理解，明白。根据前文“not fully understanding ”和后文“that it was the fear of losing my parents”可知，作者后来明白了那种情绪，那是对失去父母的恐惧。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于他们不在，房子的物理结构变得微不足道。A. invisible看不见的；B. abandoned被遗弃的；C. insignificant微不足道的；D. fascinating迷人的。根据后文“by their absence”和“A house is just a house, but a house full of love is a home.”可知，父母不在，房子就不是家，房子的物理结构就不重要，微不足道。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你的家充满无尽的爱，共同的欢笑和深深的喜悦。A. rules规则；B. affection关爱；C. arguments争论；D. silence沉默。根据后文“shared laughter, and profound joy”可知，要让家充满无尽的爱。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造能持续一生的永恒记忆。A. Create创造；B. Dismiss解散；C. Prevent阻止；D. Identify识别。根据前文“Fill your homes with boundless ____ , shared laughter, and profound joy.”和后文“enduring memories that persist across a lifetime”可知，要让家充满爱、欢笑和喜悦，来创造能持续一生的永恒记忆。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后你就会明白，家的真正核心是由爱和共同的回忆编织而成的。A. honour荣誉；B. core核心；C. morality道德；D. recognition认可。根据后文“of a home is woven from the threads of love and shared memories”可推知，由爱和共同的回忆编织而成的是家的真正的核心。故选B项。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The karez is a 2,000-year-old underground water system from Xinjiang, showcasing China’s brilliant ancient engineering. This smart network of wells and tunnels ____36____ (bring) mountain water to deserts without pumps or electricity, which helps turn dry land into green farms, proving Chinese farmers’ ____37____ (wise) in fighting harsh nature. The system is made up of three carefully engineered parts: vertical wells ____38____ (dig) for maintenance, underground tunnels built with a precise 0.1% slope, and surface canals ____39____ (deliver) water to farmlands. Believed to have originated during the Han Dynasty, the karez reflects early Chinese innovation. “It demonstrates ____40____ our ancestors solved problems creatively,” notes Dr. Li from the Turpan Museum. Today, around 400 karez systems remain in use, ____41____ (active) supporting 30% of Turpan’s famous grape farms. Unlike modern water systems, the karez operates in harmony ____42____ nature. “Relying on gravity instead of power, it’s a model of sustainability,” explains farmer Ablimit. Impressed by its efficiency, UNESCO has recognized its ____43____ (ecology) importance since its inclusion in the World Heritage Irrigation Structures list in 2016. More than just an engineering feat, the karez embodies Chinese philosophy. As visitor Wang Ying observes, “While ancient civilizations focused on building monuments reaching for the sky, the Chinese created underground networks designed ____44____ (support) life.” Still inspiring modern water management, this ancient system proves sustainable solutions can stand _____45_____ test of time and that ancient innovations still hold valuable lessons today. 【答案】36. brings 37. wisdom 38. dug 39 delivering 40. how 41. actively 42. with 43. ecological 44. to support 45. the 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍新疆2000年历史的坎儿井水利系统，及其工程特点、价值与意义。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这个由水井和隧道组成的智能网络无需水泵或电力，就能将山泉水引到沙漠，帮助把旱地变成绿色农田，彰显了中国农民对抗恶劣自然环境的智慧。此处为谓语动词，描述坎儿井的客观功能，用一般现在时，主语This smart network为单数，所以谓语动词为brings。故填brings。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个由水井和隧道组成的智能网络无需水泵或电力，就能将山泉水引到沙漠，帮助把旱地变成绿色农田，彰显了中国农民对抗恶劣自然环境的智慧。此处作proving的宾语，用wise的名词形式wisdom，意为“智慧”，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统由三个精心设计的部分组成：用于维护的竖井、按精确0.1%坡度修建的地下隧道，以及将水输送到农田的地表水渠。此处为非谓语动词，vertical wells与dig为被动关系，用过去分词dug作后置定语。故填dug。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统由三个精心设计的部分组成：用于维护的竖井、按精确0.1%坡度修建的地下隧道，以及将水输送到农田的地表水渠。此处为非谓语动词，surface canals与deliver为主动关系，用现在分词delivering作后置定语，描述水渠的功能。故填delivering。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：吐鲁番博物馆的李博士指出：“它展示了我们的祖先如何创造性地解决问题。”此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，作demonstrates的宾语。从句中缺少方式状语，表“如何”解决问题，用连接副词how。故填how。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，约有400个坎儿井系统仍在使用，为吐鲁番30%的著名葡萄园提供积极支持。此处修饰动词supporting，用active的副词形式actively，意为“积极地”。故填actively。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：与现代水利系统不同，坎儿井与自然和谐共生。此处为固定搭配“in harmony with”，意为“与……和谐共处”，所以用介词with。故填with。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织对其高效性印象深刻，自2016年将其列入世界灌溉工程遗产名录以来，就认可了它的生态重要性。此处修饰名词importance，用ecology的形容词形式ecological，意为“生态的”。故填ecological。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：游客王颖观察到：“当古代文明专注于建造高耸入云的纪念碑时，中国人却创造了旨在维系生命的地下网络。”此处为固定搭配 be designed to do，表示“被设计用来做某事”，所以此处用不定式表目的。故填to support。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这个古老的系统仍在为现代水资源管理提供启发，它证明可持续的解决方案能经受住时间的考验，且古老的创新至今仍蕴含宝贵的经验。此处为固定搭配“stand the test of time”，意为“经受时间的考验”，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教Mr Smith决定在你校创办一个英语俱乐部，但他尚未确定其主题和活动。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的建议； （2）表示期待。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Smith, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Mr Smith, I’m excited to hear you’re starting an English club in our school. May I share a suggestion for its theme? How about “English Through Films and Culture”? We could pick classic short films or popular movie clips from different English-speaking countries. After watching, we can discuss favorite scenes, practice useful lines, and even act out small parts. It would also be great to explore cultural details in the films, like how people greet each other or celebrate festivals. This way, we’ll improve listening and speaking skills while having fun, and learn about different cultures too. I’m already looking forward to it. The club is sure to be a hit. I truly hope this idea appeals to you and I can’t wait to sign up. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Mr Smith写一封邮件，说明你对创办一个英语俱乐部的建议以及表示期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动：excited→thrilled 有用的：useful→helpful 成功：be a hit→be a success 吸引：appeal to→attract 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This way, we’ll improve listening and speaking skills while having fun, and learn about different cultures too. 拓展句：This way, not only will we improve listening and speaking skills while having fun, but also we can learn about different cultures too. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After watching, we can discuss favorite scenes, practice useful lines, and even act out small parts.（运用了动名词作宾语） 【高分句型2】I truly hope this idea appeals to you and I can’t wait to sign up.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was always known as a top student. He spent most of his time studying, and his grades were among the best in the class. However, he rarely joined class activities. During group discussions, he stayed quiet. When his classmates played games during breaks, he always sat in his seat reviewing his books. He believed good grades were all that mattered to become a class leader. When the monitor election took place, Leo was confident. But the result surprised him — he received very few votes. He felt hurt and confused. Why didn’t his classmates choose him? He thought he was the most qualified. After class, his teacher noticed his disappointment and had a talk with him. She said gently, “Being a good student is important, but being a class leader requires more than good grades. It requires connection, trust, and participation.” Leo walked home slowly that day, thinking deeply about her words. That night, he reflected honestly on himself. He realized he had been so focused on studying that he never really tried to understand his classmates. He didn’t help others, never shared his feelings, and seldom took part in team activities. No wonder his classmates didn’t know him well enough to trust him. For the first time, Leo understood that leadership was about building relationships. He made a decision that he would change his attitude and become more involved. The next day, he started small. He began by greeting his classmates with a smile. From that day on, when he saw someone struggling with math, he offered help. He started staying after school to clean the classroom without being asked. He even joined the class football team and practiced with everyone, even though he wasn’t very good at sports. Slowly, people noticed Leo’s efforts. He was no longer that quiet boy who only cared about books. He became a friendly and supportive classmate. He learned to listen, to share, and most importantly, to care for others. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When the next election came, Leo was ready. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This time, Leo was elected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： When the next election came, Leo was ready. He stepped onto the platform. He spoke honestly about how he had changed. “I used to think good grades were enough,” he said. “But I’ve learned that being part of a class means supporting each other.” He shared how he started helping others and joining in activities. His classmates were impressed. They had seen his kindness. When it was time to vote, many raised their hands for him. They believed in the new Leo — not just the smart boy, but the caring one. This time, Leo was elected. He felt happy and proud, but he also felt the weight of responsibility. He decided that he would set a good example and make the class a better place. He wanted to be a leader who listens, helps, and inspires. He learned that real success is not about being perfect, but about being willing to grow and help others grow too. This experience showed him that failure can lead to something better if we learn from it and keep trying. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了优等生利奥起初只专注学习，认为好成绩就能当选班长，首次竞选却因缺乏同学互动、参与度低而失败。经老师点拨反思后，他主动微笑问候、帮同学解题、参与班级活动，改变赢得认可，最终成功当选，也明白真正的成功在于成长与助人。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当下一次选举来临的时候，利奥已经做好了准备。”可知，第一段可描写利奥上台讲话以及得到同学支持。 ②由第二段首句内容“这一次，利奥当选了。”可知，第二段可描写利奥最终成功当选，也明白真正的成功在于成长与助人。 2.续写线索：选举来临——利奥发言——得到支持——利奥当选——利奥感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot/notice ②鼓舞：inspire/encourage ③有助于：lead to/contribute to 情绪类 ①快乐：happy/delighted ②有爱心的：caring/affectionate 【点睛】[高分句型1] He shared how he started helping others and joining in activities.（运用了how引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] This experience showed him that failure can lead to something better if we learn from it and keep trying.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 勤建学校高三年级上学期第二次调研考试 英语试卷 2025.10 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A groundbreaking study published in The Lancet Public Health reveals that walking 7,000 steps daily can significantly enhance brain function and lower the risk of major diseases, challenging the widely accepted but unscientific 10,000-step standard. Key Findings: After analyzing data from more than 160,000 adults globally, researchers discovered that compared to just 2,000 steps per day, achieving 7,000 steps leads to: •25% lower risk of heart disease •6% reduced chance of cancer •38% decreased dementia risk •22% lower likelihood of depression Lead researcher Dr. Melody Ding clarifies that the 10000-step target traces back to a 1960s Japanese pedometer (计步器) marketing strategy rather than medical evidence. Health Expert Opinions: Dr. Daniel Bailey (Brunel University London) recommends 7,000 steps as a “realistic and regular” daily goal, rather than occasional intense efforts. Dr. Andrew Scott (University of Portsmouth) advises that while “more movement is better”, consistency matters most. Prof. Azeem Majeed (Imperial College London) highlights that routine daily activities like gardening or cleaning also contribute meaningfully in the long run. Practical Advice: Make it social: Walk with friends/family to stay motivated and enjoy quality time. Start small: Even 4,000 daily steps show measurable health improvements over inactivity. Focus on feeling good: Regular walker Jon Stride emphasizes that mental well-being benefits outweigh strict step counts. While official guidelines recommend 150 weekly exercise minutes, this study shows regular 7,000-step walking provides major health benefits. The key is consistent movement — whether through walking, daily tasks, or other activities — without overemphasizing perfect numbers. Small, sustainable efforts make the real difference. 1. How many steps per day can significantly lower disease risks according to the study? A. 2,000 steps. B. 4,000 steps. C. 7,000 steps. D. 10,000 steps. 2. What do health experts emphasize in walking advice? A. Impressive records. B. Official guidance. C. Intensive movement. D. Sustainable habits. 3. What is recommended to make walking more enjoyable? A. Sharing walks with friends. B. Starting with small goals. C. Focusing on step counts. D. Setting MUST-DO daily tasks. B Five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard (蜥蜴) was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. I didn’t think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months. The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband’s birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special — a birthday cake. Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday. Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance. The poignancy (辛酸) of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard raw and nearly new. 4. What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1? A. Its tank grew dirty. B. It got a strange disease. C. Its old skin came off. D. It ran out of the tank. 5. Why did the author’s husband have banana pudding for his birthday? A. The birthday cake tasted terrible. B. The birthday cake was ruined. C. Pudding was his favourite dessert. D. They couldn’t afford a birthday cake. 6. Why did the author refer to The Last Dance in the passage? A. To illustrate a life lesson. B. To explain a personal decision. C. To describe a memorable event. D. To highlight a sports achievement. 7. What message does the author convey? A. Past experiences should be treasured. B. Family bonds help overcome life challenges. C. Emotional growth comes from unexpected changes. D Letting go of the past is essential for moving forward. C Tomatoes and fries make a tasty pair. But the connection between tomatoes and potatoes may go beyond making a good meal. Potatoes today might have evolved with the help of an early tomato, according to a new paper published in a leading scientific journal recently. A team of scientists analyzed the genomes (基因组) of wild potatoes, tomatoes, and their ancestors. They found that each potato species contains a mix of genetics from tomatoes and a potato-like ancestor, suggesting the modern potato resulted from an event between the two. “This is one of the largest genomic collections of wild potatoes ever analyzed,” says Zhiyang Zhang, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the lead author of the study. Scientists already knew that tomatoes and potatoes were related to some degree — both belong to the Solanum (茄属植物) group, after all, along with the eggplant. And potatoes and tomatoes are each other’s closest living relatives. So, they took a closer look at their genes. Zhang and his team found that wild tomato plants interbred with a potato-like plant called Etuberosum around nine million years ago. Alone, neither plant had the genes to make these underground parts — but together, they could grow the feature. That event, the authors suggest, occurred in the Andes Mountains. The underground parts allowed the potato to survive in this unforgiving habitat and spread across the world. They enabled plants to reproduce without seeds, making them adaptable. “Evolving these underground parts gave potatoes a huge advantage in hard environments, fueling an explosion of new species,” says Sanwen Huang, a genome researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the study’s senior author, in a statement. Zhang’s team hopes that understanding the potato’s evolution can help scientists develop innovative ways to breed the species and make the food stronger today. Zhang is already looking into ways potatoes might be grown from seeds. Seed potatoes could be more genetically diverse and resistant to various risks, such as drought. The work also demonstrates how different species can be unexpectedly connected by evolution. “Next time you eat potatoes,” Huang adds, “thank a tomato.” 8. Why does the author mention “tomatoes and fries”? A. To introduce the topic of the text. B. To show their different flavors. C. To summarize the content of the text. D. To compare their evolutionary patterns. 9. How did the scientists mainly conduct their study? A. They checked some genetic information. B. They observed the ancestor plants’ seeds. C. They studied modern potatoes’ different fruits. D They analyzed potatoes and tomatoes’ relatives. 10. What does the underlined word “interbred” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Survived together. B. Disappeared together. C. Produced young together. D. Made changes together. 11. What do Sanwen Huang and Zhiyang Zhang stress? A. The necessity of thanking potatoes. B. The importance of studying potatoes’ evolution. C. The key to learning the risks of planting potatoes. D. The solution to improving potatoes’ living environments. D There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. It can clearly show both extremely bright celestial bodies (天体) and not very bright objects in the same photo, and can also track fast-moving celestial bodies without motion-caused unclear images. Traditional digital cameras work by checking pixels (像素) many times per second, recording data from every pixel each time. These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. This working method has advantages. For the same video, it stores less data as it only records pixels with changing brightness, and it can operate at a much higher rate. In addition, such cameras can show not very bright objects even with very bright ones nearby — these bright objects would cause overexposure in images taken by traditional cameras. This is because its pixels detect light in a different way instead of following a linear scale. To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. Meanwhile, Singh Thakur added, “These cameras are also excellent at detecting fast-moving objects due to their higher rates. You can shoot at very high speeds and still get fast-moving objects. Ordinary cameras would only produce unclear images.” 12. How does the author begin paragraph 1? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving a definition. C. By describing a phenomenon. D. By drawing a comparison. 13. Which statement fits the event cameras’ working mode? A. They check pixels constantly. B. They tend to store the same data. C. They focus on changing brightness data. D. They record stable pixels’ locations. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly show about the event cameras? A. Their major components. B. Their installation process. C. Their potential advantages. D. Their practical application. 15. What is Mark Norris’s attitude to the event cameras? A. Approving. B. Watchful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Household Chores（家务活）Suitable for Teenagers Teenagers are at an age when they can take on more responsibilities ____16____ Here are some household chores that are particularly suitable for teenagers. ____17____ They can be responsible for tidying up their own rooms, including making their beds, organizing their desks, and putting away clothes. This not only keeps their personal space neat but also instills a sense of personal responsibility. Additionally, they can help with general household cleaning, such as sweeping, mopping floors and dusting furniture. These tasks are straightforward and can be completed relatively quickly, making them ideal for busy teenagers. The kitchen is another area where teenagers can be very helpful. They can assist with meal preparation, such as washing vegetables and setting the table. This not only lightens the load for parents but also teaches teenagers valuable cooking skills that will serve them well in the future. ____18____ Cleaning the kitchen counters and stovetop helps maintain a hygienic and pleasant cooking environment. Managing laundry (洗衣物) is a practical skill that teenagers can easily learn. They can be responsible for sorting, washing and drying, as well as some household linens such as towels and bed sheets. ____19____ If the family has pets, teenagers can play a significant role in their care. This includes feeding the pets, cleaning their living areas, and taking dogs for walks. Caring for pets teaches empathy and responsibility, as teenagers learn to look after another living being. ____20____ A. Teenagers can do a variety of cleaning tasks. B. These activities keep the outdoor spaces looking tidy. C. Teenagers can help with tasks like cooking simple meals. D. This teaches them to keep their clothes clean and organized. E. It also provides an opportunity for enjoyment and company. F. After meals, they can take on the responsibility of washing dishes. G. Engaging in regular chores helps them contribute to the household. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up across the road from a 4-H camp. During the summer it was busy, but the rest of the year, it was largely ____21____. I would ride my bike along its roads and ____22____ basketball at its courts, always returning home prior to nightfall. The period arrived when I was finally old enough to ____23____ the camp myself. Although my home was merely situated across the roadway, this meant a week-long ____24____. We were ___25___ in tents, and the days were occupied with fun classes and activities. Nevertheless, during the intervals, loneliness crept into my heart. I found myself longing for the ____26____ of my parents. One afternoon during such leisure time, I ____27____ to sneak back home. Upon crossing the doorway, however, I immediately perceived an unusual ____28____. My parents were evidently out. As I wandered through the house, a strange and almost scary feeling ____29____ me. I hurried back to the camp, fighting back tears, not fully understanding my ____30____. Looking back, I ____31____ that it was the fear of losing my parents. The physical structure of the house was made ____32____ by their absence. A house is just a house, but a house full of love is a home. Fill your homes with boundless ____33____, shared laughter, and profound joy. ____34____ enduring memories that persist across a lifetime. Then you will understand that the true ____35____ of a home is woven from the threads of love and shared memories. 21. A. deserted B. occupied C. crowded D. blocked 22. A. roll B. hold C. shoot D. deliver 23. A. build up B. compete in C. sign up for D. look forward to 24. A. celebration B. separation C. experience D. entertainment 25. A. protected B. involved C. trapped D. accommodated 26. A. presence B. understanding C. commitment D. complaint 27. A. failed B. promised C. resolved D. prepared 28. A. light B. activity C. image D. emptiness 29. A. enveloped B. released C. inspired D. comforted 30. A. intention B. emotion C. behavior D. imagination 31. A. predict B. determine C. remember D. comprehend 32. A. invisible B. abandoned C. insignificant D. fascinating 33. A. rules B. affection C. arguments D. silence 34. A. Create B. Dismiss C. Prevent D. Identify 35. A. honour B. core C. morality D. recognition 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The karez is a 2,000-year-old underground water system from Xinjiang, showcasing China’s brilliant ancient engineering. This smart network of wells and tunnels ____36____ (bring) mountain water to deserts without pumps or electricity, which helps turn dry land into green farms, proving Chinese farmers’ ____37____ (wise) in fighting harsh nature. The system is made up of three carefully engineered parts: vertical wells ____38____ (dig) for maintenance, underground tunnels built with a precise 0.1% slope, and surface canals ____39____ (deliver) water to farmlands. Believed to have originated during the Han Dynasty, the karez reflects early Chinese innovation. “It demonstrates ____40____ our ancestors solved problems creatively,” notes Dr. Li from the Turpan Museum. Today, around 400 karez systems remain in use, ____41____ (active) supporting 30% of Turpan’s famous grape farms. Unlike modern water systems, the karez operates in harmony ____42____ nature. “Relying on gravity instead of power, it’s a model of sustainability,” explains farmer Ablimit. Impressed by its efficiency, UNESCO has recognized its ____43____ (ecology) importance since its inclusion in the World Heritage Irrigation Structures list in 2016. More than just an engineering feat, the karez embodies Chinese philosophy. As visitor Wang Ying observes, “While ancient civilizations focused on building monuments reaching for the sky, the Chinese created underground networks designed ____44____ (support) life.” Still inspiring modern water management, this ancient system proves sustainable solutions can stand _____45_____ test of time and that ancient innovations still hold valuable lessons today. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教Mr Smith决定在你校创办一个英语俱乐部，但他尚未确定其主题和活动。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的建议； （2）表示期待。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Smith, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was always known as a top student. He spent most of his time studying, and his grades were among the best in the class. However, he rarely joined class activities. During group discussions, he stayed quiet. When his classmates played games during breaks, he always sat in his seat reviewing his books. He believed good grades were all that mattered to become a class leader. When the monitor election took place, Leo was confident. But the result surprised him — he received very few votes. He felt hurt and confused. Why didn’t his classmates choose him? He thought he was the most qualified. After class, his teacher noticed his disappointment and had a talk with him. She said gently, “Being a good student is important, but being a class leader requires more than good grades. It requires connection, trust, and participation.” Leo walked home slowly that day, thinking deeply about her words. That night, he reflected honestly on himself. He realized he had been so focused on studying that he never really tried to understand his classmates. He didn’t help others, never shared his feelings, and seldom took part in team activities. No wonder his classmates didn’t know him well enough to trust him. For the first time, Leo understood that leadership was about building relationships. He made a decision that he would change his attitude and become more involved. The next day, he started small. He began by greeting his classmates with a smile. From that day on, when he saw someone struggling with math, he offered help. He started staying after school to clean the classroom without being asked. He even joined the class football team and practiced with everyone, even though he wasn’t very good at sports. Slowly, people noticed Leo’s efforts. He was no longer that quiet boy who only cared about books. He became a friendly and supportive classmate. He learned to listen, to share, and most importantly, to care for others. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When the next election came, Leo was ready. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This time, Leo was elected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $