Unit 2 Saving the Earth单元话题阅读理解练习-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（仁爱科普版）

Unit 2 Saving the Earth 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 2 Saving the Earth单元话题：环境保护 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are changing to paper products. Using paper is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, are good for the environment. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more deforestation (毁林). Secondly, the production of paper things requires more energy and water. About 10 percent more energy and four times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process (过程) than to make a new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived. Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more fuel to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a larger amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Last but not least, paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly way is to avoid single-use things altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. By increasing the use of these items, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Using plastic straws. B．Using plastic bags. C．Using paper products. D．Using single-use things. 2．What does the writer think of the recycled paper? A．It saves energy and water. B．It seems not to be a good idea. C．It is better than single-use paper. D．It’s easy to make by recycling process. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．A paper straw costs more than a plastic one. B．It’s easier to transport the paper straws than the plastic ones. C．The production of paper things requires less energy and water. D．It’s not harmful to the environment to use paper products. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Because of global warming, all kinds of pollution and human activities, some beautiful sights around the world may not be seen in the future. Let’s have a look at them before they are gone. The Great Wall, China The Great Wall has a history of more than 2,000 years. But 51.2 percent of it has been either lost or is at risk of disappearing. Besides the influence of wind and rain erosion, the main reasons are human factors such as tourism and human contact. Venice, Italy The “Floating City” may not float for much longer as experts have warned that Venice could go down under the water in a century. Since 1897, the sea level in Venice has risen by 30 centimeters, and the Mediterranean Sea is projected to rise by up to 1.4 meters before 2100. The Dead Sea, Jordan At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that even tourists who can’t swim will be able to float. But it has lost a third of its surface area in the past 40 years because of the mineral industry and farming. 1．What have had a bad influence on these places of interest? ①Pollution.          ②Wildlife.          ③Tourism.       ④Weather conditions. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．Which of the following could be gone in one hundred years? A．Venice. B．The Great Wall. C．The Dead Sea. D．The Mediterranean Sea. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．The sea level in Venice will rise to 30 centimeters since 1897. B．The size of the Dead Sea now is two thirds of that of 40 years ago. C．Wind and rain erosion is mainly the reason why The Great Wall is at risk. D．Tourists who can’t swim can float for as long as they want in Venice. Have you ever heard of “upcycling”? It is the process of transforming old or useless products into new materials or products of better quality or for better environmental value. It is different from recycling. Recycling usually breaks down materials to make something new, which often requires a lot of energy. Upcycling, however, creatively reuses items without destroying their original form, giving them a new purpose. For example, you can turn an old ladder into a bookshelf, or use glass jars as flower vases or storage containers for kitchen items. Old tires can become stylish chairs or tables for your garden. Even broken musical instruments can be made into unique lamps. Upcycling is not only good for the environment by reducing waste, but it can also be a fun and rewarding hobby. It allows you to express your creativity and save money. Moreover, upcycled items often have their own story and character, making your home more personal and interesting. So, before you throw something away, think about whether it can be upcycled. You might be surprised at what you can create! 1．What is the main difference between upcycling and recycling according to the passage? A．Upcycling is more expensive than recycling. B．Upcycling doesn’t break down the original items completely. C．Recycling is more popular than upcycling. D．Recycling creates more valuable products. 2．Which of the following is an example of upcycling? A．Sending plastic bottles to a recycling center. B．Using old newspapers to make new paper. C．Making a bag out of an old pair of jeans. D．Melting down glass to make new bottles. 3．How many advantages of upcycling are mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the difference between upcycling and recycling. B．To encourage people to try upcycling. C．To describe the process of upcycling. D．To discuss the environmental problems. Sarah sits in her yard with her handmade crafts (手工制品) on the table. There are baskets, flower pots, and cloth bags—all made from recycled materials. They are not just creative objects. They’re part of Sarah’s project to make a greener community. Two years ago, Sarah passed by a park and found plastic bottles and empty cans everywhere. Sarah felt sad. One day, Sarah noticed some kids selling orange juice at the park. That was when Sarah got an idea. “Mom, what if we sell handmade crafts?” she asked excitedly. “Then we can buy trees for our neighborhood with the money.” With her mom’s help, Sarah started making crafts with great interest, using plastic bottles and empty cans. Every day after school, she sat in her yard, waiting for customers. At first, no one came. Sarah felt down, but she didn’t give up. Later, people began to stop by. A kind woman bought a cloth bag, saying it was perfect for shopping. By the end of the first month, Sarah had made $150. She bought 30 small trees. Together with her parents, they planted the trees around the park. Now, the neighborhood looks nicer, and the birds have more places to rest. Sarah even teaches her friends how to make eco-friendly (环保的) crafts after school. They organize sales every month to raise money for new projects like bird feeders. Sarah shared her story at a community event. “Making a greener community is important,” she said proudly. “If everyone helps a little, we can make our life better.” 1．What did Sarah sell to make money? A．Small trees. B．Orange juice. C．Handmade crafts D．Plastic bottles. 2．Which of the following can be put in _____? A．sad; sharing her story B．afraid; feeding birds C．bored; caring for nature D．nervous; recycling old boxes 3．What can you learn from Sarah’s words in the last paragraph? A．Doing is better than saying. B．The first step is the only difficulty. C．Great hopes make great men. D．Small actions can make a difference. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．A Girl’s Dream Job B．A Community Park C．A Girl’s Green Project D．An Eco-friendly Habit You thought the Dark Ages were well behind us? Think again. As we speak, the world is getting darker. Without sunlight, oxygen (氧气) levels will drop, and there won’t be enough food. In the end, we’ll die a horrible death. Probably, we will have forgotten how sunny planet Earth once was. It is the thick clouds that are causing all the trouble. They bounce back (弹回) the sunlight into space, preventing it from reaching the Earth’s surface and its people. The result: darkness and cold. So, who put those clouds up there in the first place? Well, blame (归咎于) yourself: you did. You guessed it: it’s those humans and their pollution again. Already, the Earth is a bit darker than it should have been. An agricultural biologist, Gerald Stanhill, first discovered global dimming in Israel in the 1980s. The sun shines about 22 percent less in Israel than it did in the 1950s. It is as if someone is slowly turning off the lights! In fact, global dimming may have made its first victims (受害者) already. In the 1980s, about a million Africans in the Sahel died during a massive drought (大面积干旱). It was global dimming’s doing: the sun simply didn’t shine hard enough to ‘power up’ the system that should have given the Sahel its rainy season. But isn’t the world getting warmer, instead of colder? How about global warming? Many facts show that the world is indeed getting warmer. But it’s also getting darker. In fact, many scientists believe that global dimming puts the brakes on the warming of our planet. Without global dimming, global warming would be much, much worse! And there’s no telling which will win in the end, heat or cold. So, what do you prefer? Would you like to get roasted, or would you rather die in the dark? Hmm... Perhaps it’s a better idea to cut down a little on both pollution and greenhouse gases, after all. 1．Why is the world getting darker? A．Because oxygen levels on the earth are dropping quickly. B．Because the thick clouds stop the sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface. C．Because the thick clouds are covering a large area of the Earth. D．Because the Earth is becoming colder and colder. 2．What does the underlined phrase “puts the brakes on” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Puts out. B．Breaks down. C．Slows down. D．Catches up with. 3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．The earth used to be sunnier and warmer. B．People are responsible for global dimming. C．Africa suffers most from global dimming. D．Global warming is better than global dimming. Do you think that making sports events more environmentally friendly can make a difference? The 2024 Paris Olympics is a great example. It focused on sustainability (可持续发展), in order to cut carbon emissions (二氧化碳排放), achieve zero waste, and encourage low-carbon transportation. One of the most effective ways to make a sports event more sustainable is by reducing one-time-use items. Organizers can digitize (数字化) materials like brochures and use LED screens instead of big printed posters. In Japan, at professional baseball games, fans enjoy “plastic-free viewing” by bringing their own water bottles, with sponsors (赞助商) providing reusable eco-friendly cups. But sustainability goes beyond cutting down on paper and one-time-use plastics. The 2020 Tokyo Olympic medals were made from recycled electronic devices and the 2024 Paris Olympic medals used iron fragments (碎片) from the Eiffel Tower. Tony Estanguet, Paris 2024 President, says “We are combining (结合) the precious metals of gold, silver and bronze with a fragment of metal from the Eiffel Tower not only to give athletes a lasting memory of Paris but also give a new life to existing resources (现有资源).” ▲ . In the past, sports venues (场馆) got food from faraway places, causing high carbon emissions because of transportation. Now, more events focus on reducing food waste and having low-carbon dining by using local ingredients and working with food banks, so the rest of the food doesn’t go to waste. The Olympic Games of Paris 2024 declare that sports events are not just about competition. People need to raise awareness (意识) and start to change. With the social and environmental challenges of today, we have to put green rules into sports events. In this way, athletes, organizers and fans can work together to create a more sustainable future. With every step taken toward greener sports, we move closer to a world where both sports and the environment go hand in hand. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph in the whole passage? A．To provide background information. B．To raise the central question. C．To offer another side of this problem. D．To summarize key ideas. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．One-time-use plastics are the only environmental problem. B．Paris 2024 uses recycled materials for medals only to cut down the cost. C．There is no food waste during the 2024 Paris Olympics. D．Paris 2024 has played an important part in environmental education. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．Sports venues change how they deal with food. B．The athletes in Paris 2024 must eat well. C．Food banks are helpful to Paris 2024. D．There are many sports venues in Paris. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Olympic Medals B．The Most Successful Olympic Games C．How Sports Events Drive Environmental Change D．Food Waste in Sports Events One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Normally green leaves turn into red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology (生物气候学)”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, due to climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study published earlier this year in a journal, the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Howard Diamond, a senior climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal observation, but research actually supports this phenomenon (现象) we’re witnessing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜) according to Dr. Michael E. Mann, a professor of the University of Pennsylvania. Mann said, “That means mosquitoes and pests (害虫) remain active for a longer time in autumn, posing a greater health risk to human beings.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to stave off this development. Mann pointed out that if humans reduce their carbon dioxide emissions (排放), they can still prevent the worst effects of climate change from affecting them during the autumn months. “A new study recently provides further evidence that surface warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann stated in his recent comment for Live Science. 1．Which of the following is one of the effects of climate change on autumn? A．The season length is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors earlier. C．Leaves are staying on the trees for a longer time. D．There are more frosts in autumn. 2．What can we infer from Dr. Michael E. Mann’s words in paragraph 4？ A．Mosquitoes will disappear completely if there are earlier frosts. B．Later frosts in autumn are beneficial to people’s health. C．People should take measures to kill mosquitoes and pests in autumn. D．The longer mosquitoes and pests are active, the more dangerous it is for people. 3．What does underlined phrase “stave off” probably mean in paragraph 5？ A．Make something happen faster. B．Stop something from happening. C．Let something develop naturally. D．Start something from the beginning. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage？ A．To tell readers about the beautiful colors of autumn. B．To introduce the research of Dr. Howard Diamond and Dr. Michael E. Mann. C．To show how climate change is affecting autumn. D．To draw people’s attention to environmental protection. We all know there is a problem with plastics (塑料) pollution. Five trillion (万亿) plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute. What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done. In 2019, McCartney’s UK-based company, MacRebur, built the world’s first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains (颗粒) and then mixed (混合) with bitumen (沥青). The road looks just like any other road . But it is more stretchy (有弹性的) thanks to the plastic. “Our technology (技术) can help solve the problem of plastic waste. It can also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing (减少) potholes (坑洼).” McCartney told the BBC． McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people in India would put plastic waste in potholes and burn it . The plastic would melt down (融化) in the hole,” said McCartney. “I know there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. That’s how I started to think about mixing them,” he said. After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect idea. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world, from Australia to Europe. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684,000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled (循环) at the end of its lifespan (有效期). The materials can be reused to build new roads. “We are just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it is nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastics in our oceans than fish.” 1．Paragraph 1 is written to show that plastic pollution is________. A．produced faster than imagined B．better than other pollution C．mostly unknown D．a serious problem 2．Compared with (与……相比) common roads , the plastic road________. A．is easy to break B．is afraid of hot weather C．is more stretchy (有弹性的) D．costs more money 3．What inspired (赋予灵感) McCartney to build the plastic road? A．Indian people’s way of repairing (修) roads. B．Seeing cracks (裂缝) and potholes on roads one day. C．His wish of reducing plastic pollution. D．His knowledge of plastic and bitumen. 4．________ plastic bottles are needed to build a 10-kilometer stretch of plastic road. A．684,000 B．6.84 million C．1.8 million D．18 million 5．What does McCartney mean in the last paragraph? A．Children should also join to reduce (减少) plastic pollution. B．Plastic pollution will soon be solved with his help. C．Plastic pollution will become more and more serious. D．He is willing to (乐意) offer help in reducing plastic pollution. 重难语篇提升练 Most environmental pollution comes from humans and their inventions. Electric bulbs are thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time. However, too much of a good thing has started to negatively impact (影响) the environment. Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help. Light pollution is a global issue. This became particularly obvious when the “World Atlas (地图册) of the Artificial Night Sky Brightness”, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are glowing with light, while only Siberia, the Sahara, and the Amazon are in total darkness. Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals. It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm (生理节奏)—the internal, twenty-four-hour clock that guides day and night activities and affects physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. One of these processes is the production of the hormone melatonin (褪黑素), which is released when it is dark and is prevented when there is light. An increased amount of light at night lowers melatonin production, which results in lack of sleep, headaches, stress, anxiety, and other health problems. Blue light, in particular, has been shown to reduce levels of melatonin in humans. It is found in cell phones and other computer devices, as well as in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the kinds of bulbs that have become popular at home and in industrial and city lighting due to their low cost and energy efficiency. Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙) patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. Large numbers of insects, a primary food source for birds and other animals, are drawn to artificial light and are instantly killed upon contact with light sources. Even animals living under the deep sea may be affected by underwater artificial lighting. One study looked at how animals in the sea responded to brightly lit panels put under water off the coast of Wales. Fewer filter feeding animals (滤食性动物), such as the sea squirt (海鞘), made their homes near the lighted panels. This could mean that the artificial light is altering ocean ecosystems. The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible (可逆的) and each one of us can make a difference! Now, many people are taking action to reduce light pollution and bring back the natural night sky. Individuals are urged to use outdoor lighting only when and where it is needed, to make sure outdoor lights are properly shielded (遮挡) and direct lighted down instead of up into the sky, and to close window blinds, shades, and curtains at night to keep light inside. 1．What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Greatly improve. B．Well maintain. C．Strictly manage. D．Seriously damage. 2．According to the passage, which would the author agree with? A．Light pollution was first studied as a global issue in 2016. B．Deep-sea environment can help animals avoid light pollution. C．Artificial light affects the sense of direction and habits of animals. D．LEDs can be used more because of low cost and energy efficiency. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the control of light pollution? A．Unconcerned. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Positive. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To call on people to reduce light pollution. B．To discuss the pros and cons of artificial light. C．To give suggestions to protect environment. D．To show development prospect of artificial light. A dead satellite (人造卫星) becomes a huge piece of space junk. This happens to Internet service satellites when they come back to the Earth. And this could be harmful to our atmosphere (大气层) and magnetosphere (磁层), which protect us. Right now, there are about 10,000 active satellites, and most of them can only be used once. Businesses are working as fast as possible to send thousands more into space. They plan to send up about one million satellites in the next thirty to forty years. These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient. But they also create a lot of harmful waste that could cover our planet. The problem is space can’t clean itself. The magnetosphere protects our atmosphere and keeps us alive. It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. ____▲____ Some scientists, like me, study how space rubbish can hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. Our research shows that rubbish from old satellites can harm our magnetosphere. Old satellites are huge and made of metal and other materials. The Earth is a ball magnet (磁铁) and we are covering it with metal rubbish. This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on the Earth. Our magnetosphere is very important, so any pollution of it should be watched and studied. Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution, if they can’t show that their pollution will not hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. 1．What is one reason for the increasing number of satellites according to Paragraph 2? A．To discover more planets. B．To watch the changes of the Earth. C．To provide better Internet services. D．To improve the communication among countries. 2．What’s the best sentence for “____▲____” in Paragraph 3? A．However, this is not the case. B．However, humans have no way to study it. C．Actually, it is very important for our planet. D．Actually, people have found ways to protect it. 3．Why does the writer mention that the Earth is a ball magnet? A．To explain how the Earth was formed. B．To introduce a new discovery about the Earth. C．To show how satellites travel around the Earth. D．To stress metal junk from satellites hurts the magnetosphere. 4．What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in the last paragraph? A．Crazy. B．Angry.        C． Careful.        D．Worried. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Create new satellites that can be used many times B．Be responsible for sending up satellites C．Avoid using metal to make satellites D．Stop sending up satellites 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Saving the Earth 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 2 Saving the Earth单元话题：环境保护 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are changing to paper products. Using paper is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, are good for the environment. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more deforestation (毁林). Secondly, the production of paper things requires more energy and water. About 10 percent more energy and four times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process (过程) than to make a new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived. Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more fuel to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a larger amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Last but not least, paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly way is to avoid single-use things altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. By increasing the use of these items, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Using plastic straws. B．Using plastic bags. C．Using paper products. D．Using single-use things. 2．What does the writer think of the recycled paper? A．It saves energy and water. B．It seems not to be a good idea. C．It is better than single-use paper. D．It’s easy to make by recycling process. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．A paper straw costs more than a plastic one. B．It’s easier to transport the paper straws than the plastic ones. C．The production of paper things requires less energy and water. D．It’s not harmful to the environment to use paper products. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了出于对保护环境的考虑，纸制品和塑料制品都不要用，尤其是纸制品。最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性产品。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Using paper is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too.”可知，it指代的是“使用纸制品”。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“it takes even more energy and water ... Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived.”可见作者认为回收纸并不如看上去那么好。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“... A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents.”可推断出纸质吸管成本更高。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第1段引出话题；第2～5段分列四条理由；第6段总结并提出建议。因此选D所示的“总—分—总”结构图最符合。故选D。 Because of global warming, all kinds of pollution and human activities, some beautiful sights around the world may not be seen in the future. Let’s have a look at them before they are gone. The Great Wall, China The Great Wall has a history of more than 2,000 years. But 51.2 percent of it has been either lost or is at risk of disappearing. Besides the influence of wind and rain erosion, the main reasons are human factors such as tourism and human contact. Venice, Italy The “Floating City” may not float for much longer as experts have warned that Venice could go down under the water in a century. Since 1897, the sea level in Venice has risen by 30 centimeters, and the Mediterranean Sea is projected to rise by up to 1.4 meters before 2100. The Dead Sea, Jordan At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that even tourists who can’t swim will be able to float. But it has lost a third of its surface area in the past 40 years because of the mineral industry and farming. 1．What have had a bad influence on these places of interest? ①Pollution.          ②Wildlife.          ③Tourism.       ④Weather conditions. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．Which of the following could be gone in one hundred years? A．Venice. B．The Great Wall. C．The Dead Sea. D．The Mediterranean Sea. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．The sea level in Venice will rise to 30 centimeters since 1897. B．The size of the Dead Sea now is two thirds of that of 40 years ago. C．Wind and rain erosion is mainly the reason why The Great Wall is at risk. D．Tourists who can’t swim can float for as long as they want in Venice. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了由于全球变暖、污染和人类活动的影响，世界上一些著名景点（如长城、威尼斯和死海）正面临消失的风险，并具体说明了它们各自面临的威胁。 1．细节理解题。根据“Because of global warming, all kinds of pollution and human activities”和长城部分“the main reasons are human factors such as tourism and human contact”可知，污染（①）、旅游业（③）和天气条件（④）是主要影响因素，野生动物（②）未提及。故选C。 2．细节理解题。 根据威尼斯部分“Venice could go down under the water in a century”可知，威尼斯可能在100年内消失。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据死海部分“it has lost a third of its surface area in the past 40 years”可知，当前死海面积是40年前的2/3，B项正确。故选B。 Have you ever heard of “upcycling”? It is the process of transforming old or useless products into new materials or products of better quality or for better environmental value. It is different from recycling. Recycling usually breaks down materials to make something new, which often requires a lot of energy. Upcycling, however, creatively reuses items without destroying their original form, giving them a new purpose. For example, you can turn an old ladder into a bookshelf, or use glass jars as flower vases or storage containers for kitchen items. Old tires can become stylish chairs or tables for your garden. Even broken musical instruments can be made into unique lamps. Upcycling is not only good for the environment by reducing waste, but it can also be a fun and rewarding hobby. It allows you to express your creativity and save money. Moreover, upcycled items often have their own story and character, making your home more personal and interesting. So, before you throw something away, think about whether it can be upcycled. You might be surprised at what you can create! 1．What is the main difference between upcycling and recycling according to the passage? A．Upcycling is more expensive than recycling. B．Upcycling doesn’t break down the original items completely. C．Recycling is more popular than upcycling. D．Recycling creates more valuable products. 2．Which of the following is an example of upcycling? A．Sending plastic bottles to a recycling center. B．Using old newspapers to make new paper. C．Making a bag out of an old pair of jeans. D．Melting down glass to make new bottles. 3．How many advantages of upcycling are mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the difference between upcycling and recycling. B．To encourage people to try upcycling. C．To describe the process of upcycling. D．To discuss the environmental problems. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“升级改造”的概念、与回收的区别、具体例子以及其优势，旨在鼓励人们尝试升级改造以减少浪费并发挥创意。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Recycling usually breaks down materials to make something new, which often requires a lot of energy. Upcycling, however, creatively reuses items without destroying their original form, giving them a new purpose.”可知，回收通常会分解材料来制造新的东西，而升级改造则创造性地重新使用物品而不破坏其原始形态。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“For example, you can turn an old ladder into a bookshelf, or use glass jars as flower vases or storage containers for kitchen items ... ”可知，升级改造是对旧物进行创造性改造，赋予其新功能。选项C“用一条旧牛仔裤做一个包”符合这一特点。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Upcycling is not only good for the environment by reducing waste, but it can also be a fun and rewarding hobby. It allows you to express your creativity and save money. Moreover, upcycled items often have their own story and character, making your home more personal and interesting.”可知，文中提到了升级改造的优势为：①减少浪费、保护环境；②有趣且令人满足；③能表达创造力；④能省钱；⑤让家更具个性和趣味，共5点优势。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，以及文章最后一段“So, before you throw something away, think about whether it can be upcycled. You might be surprised at what you can create!”可知，作者在介绍了升级改造的概念、例子和好处之后，最终的目的是鼓励读者亲自尝试升级改造。故选B。 Sarah sits in her yard with her handmade crafts (手工制品) on the table. There are baskets, flower pots, and cloth bags—all made from recycled materials. They are not just creative objects. They’re part of Sarah’s project to make a greener community. Two years ago, Sarah passed by a park and found plastic bottles and empty cans everywhere. Sarah felt sad. One day, Sarah noticed some kids selling orange juice at the park. That was when Sarah got an idea. “Mom, what if we sell handmade crafts?” she asked excitedly. “Then we can buy trees for our neighborhood with the money.” With her mom’s help, Sarah started making crafts with great interest, using plastic bottles and empty cans. Every day after school, she sat in her yard, waiting for customers. At first, no one came. Sarah felt down, but she didn’t give up. Later, people began to stop by. A kind woman bought a cloth bag, saying it was perfect for shopping. By the end of the first month, Sarah had made $150. She bought 30 small trees. Together with her parents, they planted the trees around the park. Now, the neighborhood looks nicer, and the birds have more places to rest. Sarah even teaches her friends how to make eco-friendly (环保的) crafts after school. They organize sales every month to raise money for new projects like bird feeders. Sarah shared her story at a community event. “Making a greener community is important,” she said proudly. “If everyone helps a little, we can make our life better.” 1．What did Sarah sell to make money? A．Small trees. B．Orange juice. C．Handmade crafts D．Plastic bottles. 2．Which of the following can be put in _____? A．sad; sharing her story B．afraid; feeding birds C．bored; caring for nature D．nervous; recycling old boxes 3．What can you learn from Sarah’s words in the last paragraph? A．Doing is better than saying. B．The first step is the only difficulty. C．Great hopes make great men. D．Small actions can make a difference. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．A Girl’s Dream Job B．A Community Park C．A Girl’s Green Project D．An Eco-friendly Habit 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Sarah通过制作并售卖环保手工制品筹钱买树苗、美化社区的故事，展现了她如何以实际行动推动社区环保，传递了“小行动也能带来大改变”的理念。 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“‘Mom, what if we sell handmade crafts?’ she asked excitedly. ‘Then we can buy trees for our neighborhood with the money.’”可知，Sarah通过售卖手工制品赚钱。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第3段“At first, no one came. Sarah felt down, but she didn’t give up.”可知，起初，没人来买东西。萨拉感到沮丧，但她没有放弃，因此第一空对应“sad”；根据最后一段“Sarah shared her story at a community event. ‘Making a greener community is important,’ she said proudly.”可知，“proudly”直接表现出Sarah在分享自己推动社区环保的故事时，内心充满自信，她对自己所做的“绿色项目”感到骄傲，这种自豪的态度是自信的外在体现，因此第二空对应“sharing her story”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If everyone helps a little, we can make our life better.”可知，如果每个人都出一点力，我们就能让生活更美好，强调小行动能带来改变。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。本文围绕Sarah制作环保手工制品、筹钱种树、推动社区环保的项目展开，核心是她的“绿色项目”；选项C“一个女孩的绿色项目”最能概括全文，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 You thought the Dark Ages were well behind us? Think again. As we speak, the world is getting darker. Without sunlight, oxygen (氧气) levels will drop, and there won’t be enough food. In the end, we’ll die a horrible death. Probably, we will have forgotten how sunny planet Earth once was. It is the thick clouds that are causing all the trouble. They bounce back (弹回) the sunlight into space, preventing it from reaching the Earth’s surface and its people. The result: darkness and cold. So, who put those clouds up there in the first place? Well, blame (归咎于) yourself: you did. You guessed it: it’s those humans and their pollution again. Already, the Earth is a bit darker than it should have been. An agricultural biologist, Gerald Stanhill, first discovered global dimming in Israel in the 1980s. The sun shines about 22 percent less in Israel than it did in the 1950s. It is as if someone is slowly turning off the lights! In fact, global dimming may have made its first victims (受害者) already. In the 1980s, about a million Africans in the Sahel died during a massive drought (大面积干旱). It was global dimming’s doing: the sun simply didn’t shine hard enough to ‘power up’ the system that should have given the Sahel its rainy season. But isn’t the world getting warmer, instead of colder? How about global warming? Many facts show that the world is indeed getting warmer. But it’s also getting darker. In fact, many scientists believe that global dimming puts the brakes on the warming of our planet. Without global dimming, global warming would be much, much worse! And there’s no telling which will win in the end, heat or cold. So, what do you prefer? Would you like to get roasted, or would you rather die in the dark? Hmm... Perhaps it’s a better idea to cut down a little on both pollution and greenhouse gases, after all. 1．Why is the world getting darker? A．Because oxygen levels on the earth are dropping quickly. B．Because the thick clouds stop the sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface. C．Because the thick clouds are covering a large area of the Earth. D．Because the Earth is becoming colder and colder. 2．What does the underlined phrase “puts the brakes on” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Puts out. B．Breaks down. C．Slows down. D．Catches up with. 3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．The earth used to be sunnier and warmer. B．People are responsible for global dimming. C．Africa suffers most from global dimming. D．Global warming is better than global dimming. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“全球变暗”这一现象的成因及其与全球变暖的关系，提醒人类要减少污染和温室气体排放。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is the thick clouds that are causing all the trouble. They bounce back the sunlight into space, preventing it from reaching the Earth’s surface and its people.”可知，厚厚的云层将阳光反射回太空，阻止阳光到达地球表面，导致世界变暗。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“global dimming puts the brakes on the warming of our planet. Without global dimming, global warming would be much, much worse!”可知，“puts the brakes on”指“减缓、放慢”，意为全球变暗减缓了地球变暖的速度。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Well, blame yourself: you did. You guessed it: it’s those humans and their pollution again.”可知，人类的污染造成了全球变暗，因此人类要为此负责。故选B。 Do you think that making sports events more environmentally friendly can make a difference? The 2024 Paris Olympics is a great example. It focused on sustainability (可持续发展), in order to cut carbon emissions (二氧化碳排放), achieve zero waste, and encourage low-carbon transportation. One of the most effective ways to make a sports event more sustainable is by reducing one-time-use items. Organizers can digitize (数字化) materials like brochures and use LED screens instead of big printed posters. In Japan, at professional baseball games, fans enjoy “plastic-free viewing” by bringing their own water bottles, with sponsors (赞助商) providing reusable eco-friendly cups. But sustainability goes beyond cutting down on paper and one-time-use plastics. The 2020 Tokyo Olympic medals were made from recycled electronic devices and the 2024 Paris Olympic medals used iron fragments (碎片) from the Eiffel Tower. Tony Estanguet, Paris 2024 President, says “We are combining (结合) the precious metals of gold, silver and bronze with a fragment of metal from the Eiffel Tower not only to give athletes a lasting memory of Paris but also give a new life to existing resources (现有资源).” ▲ . In the past, sports venues (场馆) got food from faraway places, causing high carbon emissions because of transportation. Now, more events focus on reducing food waste and having low-carbon dining by using local ingredients and working with food banks, so the rest of the food doesn’t go to waste. The Olympic Games of Paris 2024 declare that sports events are not just about competition. People need to raise awareness (意识) and start to change. With the social and environmental challenges of today, we have to put green rules into sports events. In this way, athletes, organizers and fans can work together to create a more sustainable future. With every step taken toward greener sports, we move closer to a world where both sports and the environment go hand in hand. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph in the whole passage? A．To provide background information. B．To raise the central question. C．To offer another side of this problem. D．To summarize key ideas. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．One-time-use plastics are the only environmental problem. B．Paris 2024 uses recycled materials for medals only to cut down the cost. C．There is no food waste during the 2024 Paris Olympics. D．Paris 2024 has played an important part in environmental education. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．Sports venues change how they deal with food. B．The athletes in Paris 2024 must eat well. C．Food banks are helpful to Paris 2024. D．There are many sports venues in Paris. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Olympic Medals B．The Most Successful Olympic Games C．How Sports Events Drive Environmental Change D．Food Waste in Sports Events 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文围绕体育赛事如何实现环保展开，以2024巴黎奥运会为例，介绍了减少一次性用品、回收资源、低碳餐饮等措施，强调体育赛事在推动可持续发展中的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第1段“Do you think that making sports events more environmentally friendly can make a difference?”可知，首段通过提问引出核心议题。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第3段“Paris 2024…give athletes a lasting memory…and give a new life to existing resources (现有资源).”及末段“People need to raise awareness (意识) and start to change. ”可知，巴黎奥运会在环保教育中发挥了作用。故选D。 3．推理判断题。空缺处后文“In the past, sports venues (场馆) got food from faraway places, causing high carbon emissions because of transportation.”和“Now, more events focus on reducing food waste and having low-carbon dining by using local ingredients”提到过去场馆从远处运输食物导致高碳排放，现在改用本地食材，所以空处需填入与“食物处理方式变革”相关的句子。A项“体育场馆改变了他们处理食物的方式”符合语境。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕体育赛事如何通过可持续实践推动环保，标题应涵盖“体育”与“环保”两大核心，C项符合。故选C。 One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Normally green leaves turn into red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology (生物气候学)”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, due to climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study published earlier this year in a journal, the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Howard Diamond, a senior climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal observation, but research actually supports this phenomenon (现象) we’re witnessing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜) according to Dr. Michael E. Mann, a professor of the University of Pennsylvania. Mann said, “That means mosquitoes and pests (害虫) remain active for a longer time in autumn, posing a greater health risk to human beings.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to stave off this development. Mann pointed out that if humans reduce their carbon dioxide emissions (排放), they can still prevent the worst effects of climate change from affecting them during the autumn months. “A new study recently provides further evidence that surface warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann stated in his recent comment for Live Science. 1．Which of the following is one of the effects of climate change on autumn? A．The season length is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors earlier. C．Leaves are staying on the trees for a longer time. D．There are more frosts in autumn. 2．What can we infer from Dr. Michael E. Mann’s words in paragraph 4？ A．Mosquitoes will disappear completely if there are earlier frosts. B．Later frosts in autumn are beneficial to people’s health. C．People should take measures to kill mosquitoes and pests in autumn. D．The longer mosquitoes and pests are active, the more dangerous it is for people. 3．What does underlined phrase “stave off” probably mean in paragraph 5？ A．Make something happen faster. B．Stop something from happening. C．Let something develop naturally. D．Start something from the beginning. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage？ A．To tell readers about the beautiful colors of autumn. B．To introduce the research of Dr. Howard Diamond and Dr. Michael E. Mann. C．To show how climate change is affecting autumn. D．To draw people’s attention to environmental protection. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了气候变化对秋季的影响，包括树叶变色时间延长、霜冻时间推迟以及由此带来的健康风险等，同时也提出了通过减少二氧化碳排放来减缓这种影响的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Trees are holding onto their leaves longer”可知，气候变化导致树叶在树上停留的时间更长。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“That means mosquitoes and pests remain active for a longer time in autumn, posing a greater health risk to human beings”可知，蚊子和其他害虫在秋天保持活跃的时间更长，这对人类健康构成了更大的威胁，由此可推断出，蚊子和其他害虫活跃的时间越长，对人们来说就越危险。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Mann pointed out that if humans reduce their carbon dioxide emissions, they can still prevent the worst effects of climate change from affecting them during the autumn months”可知，如果人类减少二氧化碳排放，仍然可以防止气候变化的最坏影响在秋季月份影响到他们，由此可推断出，如果采取措施，是有可能阻止气候变化在秋季带来的不良影响的，所以“stave off”的意思是“阻止某事发生”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However, due to climate change, autumn is changing”以及后文对气候变化如何影响秋季的具体描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示气候变化如何影响秋季。故选C。 We all know there is a problem with plastics (塑料) pollution. Five trillion (万亿) plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute. What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done. In 2019, McCartney’s UK-based company, MacRebur, built the world’s first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains (颗粒) and then mixed (混合) with bitumen (沥青). The road looks just like any other road . But it is more stretchy (有弹性的) thanks to the plastic. “Our technology (技术) can help solve the problem of plastic waste. It can also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing (减少) potholes (坑洼).” McCartney told the BBC． McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people in India would put plastic waste in potholes and burn it . The plastic would melt down (融化) in the hole,” said McCartney. “I know there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. That’s how I started to think about mixing them,” he said. After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect idea. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world, from Australia to Europe. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684,000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled (循环) at the end of its lifespan (有效期). The materials can be reused to build new roads. “We are just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it is nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastics in our oceans than fish.” 1．Paragraph 1 is written to show that plastic pollution is________. A．produced faster than imagined B．better than other pollution C．mostly unknown D．a serious problem 2．Compared with (与……相比) common roads , the plastic road________. A．is easy to break B．is afraid of hot weather C．is more stretchy (有弹性的) D．costs more money 3．What inspired (赋予灵感) McCartney to build the plastic road? A．Indian people’s way of repairing (修) roads. B．Seeing cracks (裂缝) and potholes on roads one day. C．His wish of reducing plastic pollution. D．His knowledge of plastic and bitumen. 4．________ plastic bottles are needed to build a 10-kilometer stretch of plastic road. A．684,000 B．6.84 million C．1.8 million D．18 million 5．What does McCartney mean in the last paragraph? A．Children should also join to reduce (减少) plastic pollution. B．Plastic pollution will soon be solved with his help. C．Plastic pollution will become more and more serious. D．He is willing to (乐意) offer help in reducing plastic pollution. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Toby McCartney用塑料垃圾建造道路的创意来源、技术原理以及实际应用效果，旨在解决塑料污染问题并提升道路质量。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“We all know there is a problem with plastics pollution. Five trillion plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute.”可知，本段通过列举每年使用的塑料袋和每分钟购买的塑料瓶数量，强调塑料污染的严重性。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“The road looks just like any other road. But it is more stretchy thanks to the plastic.”可知，塑料道路比普通道路更有弹性。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India. ‘I saw people in India would put plastic waste in potholes and burn it. The plastic would melt down in the hole,’ said McCartney.”可知，McCartney的灵感来自印度人用塑料垃圾修补道路的方法。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684,000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags.”可知，1公里道路需要684,000个塑料瓶，因此10公里道路需要6,840,000个塑料瓶，即6.84百万。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it is nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastics in our oceans than fish.”可知，McCartney表示愿意为减少塑料污染贡献自己的力量。故选D。 重难语篇提升练 Most environmental pollution comes from humans and their inventions. Electric bulbs are thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time. However, too much of a good thing has started to negatively impact (影响) the environment. Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help. Light pollution is a global issue. This became particularly obvious when the “World Atlas (地图册) of the Artificial Night Sky Brightness”, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are glowing with light, while only Siberia, the Sahara, and the Amazon are in total darkness. Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals. It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm (生理节奏)—the internal, twenty-four-hour clock that guides day and night activities and affects physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. One of these processes is the production of the hormone melatonin (褪黑素), which is released when it is dark and is prevented when there is light. An increased amount of light at night lowers melatonin production, which results in lack of sleep, headaches, stress, anxiety, and other health problems. Blue light, in particular, has been shown to reduce levels of melatonin in humans. It is found in cell phones and other computer devices, as well as in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the kinds of bulbs that have become popular at home and in industrial and city lighting due to their low cost and energy efficiency. Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙) patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. Large numbers of insects, a primary food source for birds and other animals, are drawn to artificial light and are instantly killed upon contact with light sources. Even animals living under the deep sea may be affected by underwater artificial lighting. One study looked at how animals in the sea responded to brightly lit panels put under water off the coast of Wales. Fewer filter feeding animals (滤食性动物), such as the sea squirt (海鞘), made their homes near the lighted panels. This could mean that the artificial light is altering ocean ecosystems. The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible (可逆的) and each one of us can make a difference! Now, many people are taking action to reduce light pollution and bring back the natural night sky. Individuals are urged to use outdoor lighting only when and where it is needed, to make sure outdoor lights are properly shielded (遮挡) and direct lighted down instead of up into the sky, and to close window blinds, shades, and curtains at night to keep light inside. 1．What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Greatly improve. B．Well maintain. C．Strictly manage. D．Seriously damage. 2．According to the passage, which would the author agree with? A．Light pollution was first studied as a global issue in 2016. B．Deep-sea environment can help animals avoid light pollution. C．Artificial light affects the sense of direction and habits of animals. D．LEDs can be used more because of low cost and energy efficiency. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the control of light pollution? A．Unconcerned. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Positive. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To call on people to reduce light pollution. B．To discuss the pros and cons of artificial light. C．To give suggestions to protect environment. D．To show development prospect of artificial light. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动起来，减少光污染。 1．词句猜测题。根据“It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm”可知，会打断睡眠，扰乱昼夜节律，说明人造光会对人类和动物的自然身体节律造成严重破坏，所以划线单词与“Seriously damage”同义，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙) patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die.”可知，光污染也会影响动物的行为，如迁徙模式和栖息地形成。由于光污染，海龟在月光的指引下迁徙，迷失方向，经常死亡，由此可知，人造光会影响动物的方向感和习性，故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible (可逆的) and each one of us can make a difference! ”可知，与许多其他形式的污染不同，光污染是可逆的，我们每个人都可以做出改变，由此可推断作者对光污染控制的态度是积极乐观的，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help.”及全文的介绍可知，文章介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动起来，减少光污染，故选A。 A dead satellite (人造卫星) becomes a huge piece of space junk. This happens to Internet service satellites when they come back to the Earth. And this could be harmful to our atmosphere (大气层) and magnetosphere (磁层), which protect us. Right now, there are about 10,000 active satellites, and most of them can only be used once. Businesses are working as fast as possible to send thousands more into space. They plan to send up about one million satellites in the next thirty to forty years. These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient. But they also create a lot of harmful waste that could cover our planet. The problem is space can’t clean itself. The magnetosphere protects our atmosphere and keeps us alive. It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. ____▲____ Some scientists, like me, study how space rubbish can hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. Our research shows that rubbish from old satellites can harm our magnetosphere. Old satellites are huge and made of metal and other materials. The Earth is a ball magnet (磁铁) and we are covering it with metal rubbish. This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on the Earth. Our magnetosphere is very important, so any pollution of it should be watched and studied. Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution, if they can’t show that their pollution will not hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. 1．What is one reason for the increasing number of satellites according to Paragraph 2? A．To discover more planets. B．To watch the changes of the Earth. C．To provide better Internet services. D．To improve the communication among countries. 2．What’s the best sentence for “____▲____” in Paragraph 3? A．However, this is not the case. B．However, humans have no way to study it. C．Actually, it is very important for our planet. D．Actually, people have found ways to protect it. 3．Why does the writer mention that the Earth is a ball magnet? A．To explain how the Earth was formed. B．To introduce a new discovery about the Earth. C．To show how satellites travel around the Earth. D．To stress metal junk from satellites hurts the magnetosphere. 4．What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in the last paragraph? A．Crazy. B．Angry.        C． Careful.        D．Worried. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Create new satellites that can be used many times B．Be responsible for sending up satellites C．Avoid using metal to make satellites D．Stop sending up satellites 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人造卫星在提供互联网服务的同时，也产生了大量太空垃圾，这些垃圾可能对地球的大气层和磁层造成危害，呼吁人们谨慎对待卫星发射并采取行动减少污染。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient.”可知，增加卫星数量的原因之一是提供更好的互联网服务。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. ▲ Some scientists, like me, study how space rubbish can hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere.”可知，空缺处需要填入一个转折句，表明实际情况并非如此。选项A“However, this is not the case.”符合语境。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“The Earth is a ball magnet and we are covering it with metal rubbish. This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on the Earth.”可知，作者提到地球是一个磁铁球是为了强调卫星金属垃圾对磁层的危害。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution…”可知，“cautious”意为“谨慎的”。选项C“Careful”与之同义。故选C。 5．最佳标题。全文主要讨论卫星发射带来的太空垃圾问题及其对地球磁层的危害，并呼吁企业负责任地对待卫星发射。选项B“Be responsible for sending up satellites”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $