Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册创新导学案Word（人教版）

英语　必修 第一册 RJ Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking 一、阅读单词 1．legend n. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说 2．captain n. (运动队)队长；船长；机长 二、核心单词 1．athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿 2．honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 3．medal n. 奖章；勋章 4．determination n. 决心；决定 5．apart adv. 分离；分开；成碎片 6．strength n. 力量；体力 三、拓展单词(可查字典) 1．glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美→glorious adj. 辉煌的；光荣的→gloriously adv. 辉煌地；光荣地 2．champion n. 冠军；优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 3．injure vt. 使受伤，损害→injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤 4．graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的→gracefully adv. 优美地；优雅地→grace n. (动作)优美，优雅；(行为)文雅，高雅 5．failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail vi. 失败 四、熟词生义 master 熟义：n. 高手，主人 生义：vt. 精通；掌握 五、核心短语 1．set__an__example 树立榜样 2．fall__apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 3．lose__heart 丧失信心；泄气 4．give__up 放弃；投降 课文三维剖析 LIVING LEGENDS 活着的传奇 Help us choose some “Living Legends of Sports”. They must be athletes who1 are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. Here are our first two choices2. 来帮助我们选出“体育界的活传奇”吧。他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。以下是我们首批遴选出的两位传奇人物。 Lang Ping 郎平 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women's volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When3 the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that4 Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players5 was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that6 her young players could win if7 they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. 作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。作为一名教练，她带领中国女子排球队在世界锦标赛和奥运会赛场上屡获殊荣。作为个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。她曾面临过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的球员们齐心协力，就能获胜。两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军！ 紧接着在2016年，郎平又带领她的球队在巴西勇夺奥运金牌。 Michael Jordan 迈克尔·乔丹 When8 Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. The player who9 became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental strength that10 he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win11. Jordan says that12 the secret to his success is learning from his failures.“I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. But I can't accept not trying.” Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up13. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which14 he started in Chicago has been helping15 young people since 1996. 1 引导定语从句，修饰athletes 2 Here位于句首引起的完全倒装句 3 引导时间状语从句 4 引导定语从句，修饰The team 5 动名词短语作主语 6 引导宾语从句 7 引导条件状语从句 8 引导时间状语从句 9 引导定语从句，修饰The player 10 引导定语从句，修饰the mental strength 11 不定式作后置定语 12 引导宾语从句 13 不定式短语作宾语补足语 14 引导定语从句，修饰The Boys and Girls Club 15 现在完成进行时 当迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间，时间似乎都凝固了。这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员用他那优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独一无二的球星。在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到制胜的方法；乔丹说，他的成功秘诀在于吸取失败的教训。“我可以接受失败，每个人都会遭遇失败；但我决不能接受不去尝试。”赛场上的失利教会他要更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。在生活中，乔丹学会了与他人分享自己的成功。他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”，从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 阅读领悟 一、读课文，了解郎平和迈克尔·乔丹 二、角色扮演 R：Hello, I am a reporter from the magazine. We are looking for living legends. Who would you recommend? I：I would like to choose Yao Ming as my living legend. R：Great! Why do you choose him? Is he a master of basketball? I：Of course. He tried to overcome difficulties through double effort and teamwork. So he was named as the chairman of CBA and enhanced Chinese basketball's global influence. R：What other examples does he set for us? I: He is also devoted to wildlife protection. R: I agree. Thanks for your sharing. 探究一　高频词 1.honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸　v. 尊敬；表彰(教材P38) →honoured adj. 受尊敬的，感到荣幸的 →honourable adj. 可敬的，值得敬佩的；品格高尚的；体面的；公正的 (1)in honour of 为了纪念，为了庆祝 have the honour of doing/to do sth 有幸做某事 (2)be/feel honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事 【语境感知】 ①The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan. 例如，庆祝端午节是为了纪念屈原。(中国文化) ②On behalf of our school, I have the honour of welcoming all the guests to our annual arts festival. 我很荣幸地代表我们学校欢迎所有参加我们一年一度的艺术节的客人。(欢迎辞) ③I feel deeply honoured to have the opportunity to share my views on environmental protection. 我很荣幸有机会和大家分享我对环境保护的看法。(演讲稿) 【靶向小练】 ①Military service was considered an honourable (honour) career choice. ②We observe Teachers' Day every year in honour of teachers. (节日庆祝) ③我很荣幸能在这里与你分享关于正式场合下的一些礼仪的问题。(演讲稿) It__is__my__honour__to__be__here to share with you something about manners on formal occasions. (honour n．) ＝I__feel__honoured__to__be__here to share with you something about manners on formal occasions. (honoured adj.) 2.determination n. 决心；决定(教材P38) →determine vt. 决定；下定决心 →determined adj. 有决心的 (1)determine to do sth 决定做某事 determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事 (2)be determined to do sth 决心做某事 【语境感知】 ①The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生最重要的事情是确定一个伟大的目标，并下定决心去实现它。 (主旨升华) ②There was a determined look on his face, believing that he would definitely make it. 他脸上有一种坚定的表情，相信他一定能成功。(外貌描写) ③I determine to make more efforts to improve my English. 我决心更加努力提高英语水平。 【靶向小练】 ①Sandra was determined to__become (become) a doctor and her efforts paid off. ②无论我们面临什么难题，我们总是要有决心解决它们。(主旨升华) No matter what problems we are faced with, we__always__have__the__determination_ _to__solve__them． ③我决定戒掉含糖饮料和零食来减肥。(健康生活) I__have__determined__upon__cutting__out__sugary__drinks__and__snacks__to__lose__weight. 3.strength n. 力量；体力；优势(教材P38) →strengthen v. 加强，增强；巩固；使(情感、决心等)更强烈 →strong adj. 强壮的，有力的 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 build up one's strength 增强体质 have the strength to do sth 有做某事的力气 with all one's strength 竭尽全力 【语境感知】 ①(浙江高考1月)While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. 虽然给产品赋予性别属性可能是一种不错的营销策略，但这也可能强化有关权力和身份的过时或有害观念。 ②Practising Chinese kungfu can not only build up your strength, but also develop your character. 练习中国功夫不但强身健体，而且能培养你的性格。(文化传播) ③He threw it forward with all his strength. 他用尽全部的力气把它向前扔出。(动作描写) 【靶向小练】 ①Great determination and ambition are his great strengths (strength)． ②Regular physical tests can strengthen (strength) people's health consciousness. ③To make yourself strong and increase your strength,__you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles.(strong) ④每天早上我都锻炼身体以增强体质。 Every morning I'm working out to build__up__my__strength． ⑤病人太虚弱了，连站起来的力气都没有。 The__patient__was__too__weak__to__have__the__strength__to__stand__up. 探究二　拓展词 4.injure vt. 使受伤；损害→injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤 【语境感知】 The accident injured many passengers and several of them suffered serious injuries. It has been confirmed that the injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 这起事故使多名乘客受伤，其中几名乘客伤势严重。已确认伤者被立即送往最近的医院。 5.failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail vi. 失败 【语境感知】 Their attempt to climb Everest ended in failure and the reason why they failed isn't sure yet. 他们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试以失败告终，他们失败的原因还不确定。 【靶向小练】 ①Each year, a large number of teens and young adults get injured (injure) while playing sports. ②Failure (fail) to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty in selling their products. ③上学期我英语考试不及格。 I failed__in__my__English__test last term. ④车祸发生后，伤者被送往医院。 After__the__car__accident,__the__injured__were__sent__to__the__hospital. 探究三　熟词生义 6.master [熟义]n. 高手，主人 [生义]vt. 精通；掌握 【语境感知】 ①We are the masters of our own future. 未来掌握在我们自己的手中。 ②Students are expected to master a second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。 【靶向小练】 ①If you focus all your attention on studying English, you will have a good knowledge of the language.汉意：掌握　同义词替换：master ②他是一位国际象棋大师，从未输给过对手。 He__is__a__master__of__chess,__never__losing__a__game__to__his__competitors. 探究四　短语 7.fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃(教材P38) fall in love with 喜欢上；爱上 fall down 摔倒；倒塌；落下 fall behind 落后 fall off 从……落下；数量减少；质量下降 fall over 被……绊倒；倒下 fall ill/asleep 生病/入睡 fall back on 求助于/借助于 【语境感知】 ①Learning that you fell apart when you failed in the exam again, I am writing to offer you some advice. 得知你又一次因考试失败而崩溃，我写信给你提供一些建议。(建议信) ②She has been working hard to catch up, but still falls behind her classmates in math. 她一直在努力追赶，但在数学方面仍然落后于同学。 ③When faced with this difficult challenge, I must fall back on your guidance to find a solution. 面对这个困难的挑战时，我必须依靠你的指导以寻求解决办法。(求助信) 【靶向小练】 ①She fell off her horse and put her shoulder out.(动作描写) ②He has her support to fall back on when the going gets tough. ③If you stand still, you'll quickly fall behind． ④很多外国游客在第一次游览中国这个伟大的国家时，就爱上了她。(文化自信) Many__foreign__tourists__fall__in__love__with__China the first time they pay a visit to this great country. 8.give up 放弃；投降(教材P38) give up on 对……不再抱有希望 give in 让步，屈服 give away 赠送；泄露 give off 放出；散发出(气体、气味等) give out 发出(光和热等)；分发；用完，耗尽 give way to ... 让位给……；被……取代 【语境感知】 ①He had failed many times, but his spirit never gave up, making him an inspiration to others. 他失败了很多次，但他的精神从未放弃，成为了别人的榜样。(人物描写) ②Some looked like they had totally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. 有些人看起来已经完全放弃了人生，而另一些人却谈笑风生，努力在困境中活出精彩。(主旨升华) ③I pressed my parents until they finally gave in and registered me for skating classes. 我不断催促父母，直到他们最终妥协，并给我报名了溜冰课。 【靶向小练】 ①He was giving his collection away for free. ②He should give way to a younger, more decisive leader. ③There were people at the entrance giving out leaflets. ④当我到达时，志愿者们正把食物分发给有需要的人。(社会服务) When__I__arrived,__the__volunteers__were__giving__out__the__food__to__those__in__need. Ⅰ.写出单词 1．Despite the injury, the athlete (运动员) refused to quit and finished the race. 2．He has been the captain (队长) of the basketball team for three years. 3．She led (带领) the team to victory in the championship game last year. 4．The legend (传说) of Bruce Lee continues to inspire many people around the world. 5．He held his breath, keeping his body perfectly still (静止的)． 6．He was very proud to display his collection of medals on the wall of his bedroom. 7．The team's determination showed their never－say－die attitude on the field. 8．If we can do as mentioned above, there is no doubt that we can master English. 9．His leadership skills apart,__he is also known for his kindness. 10．The old oak tree has a graceful shape, with its spreading branches reaching towards the sky. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．One view is that sleep helps us strengthen (strength) our memories. 2．Our math teacher seems to__know (know) everything about the exam questions. 3．It is impossible to learn English well in that situation, isn't (be) it? 4．He made an impressive (impress) speech at the graduation ceremony. 5．It would be an honor to__work (work) with you to achieve these goals. 6．Leaves fall off the trees in autumn. 7．Learning that you are going to drop out of school, I am writing to persuade you not to give up your studies. 8．He was determined to__build (build) a new life out of the ruins of his career. 9．He is__considered (consider) one of the most talented musicians in the world. 10．He had__practiced (practice) basketball every day for a month before making the team. Ⅲ.语段填词 1．We don't think the party was a failure. In fact, it didn't fail to bring people together and create lasting memories. (failure)． 2．She's won the championship three years running. She has earned a reputation as a true champion. (champion) 3．It is the most graceful performance I have ever seen. When she moves gracefully across the stage, the audience burst into loud cheers. (graceful) 4．There are various after－class activities where everyone can participate and contribute to the glory of the whole class. These activities create glorious memories that last a lifetime. (glory) 5．Most of the injured were women and children in the crash. Many of their injuries were serious. (injure) Ⅳ.翻译 1．Learning that you are going to drop out of school, I am writing to persuade you not__to__give_ _up__your__study (不要放弃学业). 2．She has a strong will and won't__fall__apart__in__tough__times (在艰难时期不要崩溃)． 3．When one door closes, another will open to us as long as we don't__lose__heart (不失去信心)． 4．参加各种各样的活动能够使你的校园生活更加丰富多彩。(动名词(短语)作主语) Taking__part__in__various__activities__can__make__your__school__life__more__colourful. 5．他为我们树立一个好榜样。(set an example) He__sets__a__good__example__for__us. 课后课时作业(一) 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★★ ★★ ★ Ⅰ　完形填空 A few years ago, I felt like a true failure. I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight, but not making __1__． At that time, I spent hours every day working out to my videos and was still __2__. I thought I was meant to be overweight forever and there was no need to __3__ it. I needed a __4__ of heart and mind. That change came in the most __5__ way. It came with running. After dinner on Thanksgiving, I went out for a __6__ with my family. I had turned my little MP3 player on and was __7__ the music when my favorite song came on. I felt like dancing, but that was impossible, for I had my children with me. So I caught the speed a bit and started to run slowly. I was quite __8__ with my burst of activity. What was more surprising was that I __9__ the next morning and went out again. After running, I felt strong and __10__ at the same time. I __11__ the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago and decided that I wanted more of that. I __12__ up for a spring race and practiced hard for it. __13__ my weight is still heavier than what I would like, I no longer care about it. I try to stay more focused on my life. Most __14__， my workouts are less than an hour per day and I take Sundays off completely. My __15__ is to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直努力减肥，但是没有取得进展，因此想要放弃。结果一个偶然的机会，作者改变了自己的想法。 1．A.mistakes B．friends C．sense D．progress 答案：D 解析：根据上文“I was doing ... but not making”可知，为了减肥，作者作出努力，但没有取得进展。make progress意为“取得进展”。故选D。 2．A.strong B．fat C．young D．short 答案：B 解析：根据上文“At that time ... and was still”可知，作者为了减肥，每天锻炼，但仍然很胖。故选B。 3．A.admire B．observe C．threaten D．fight 答案：D 解析：根据上文“I thought I was ... there was no need to”可知，作者以为自己注定要永远超重，所以认为没有必要与之抗争。故选D。 4．A.change B．record C．test D．system 答案：A 解析：根据上文“I thought I was ... there was no need to __3__ it.”可知，作者认为自己需要改变这种心态和想法。故选A。 5．A.formal B．difficult C．unexpected D．confusing 答案：C 解析：根据下文“It came with ... burst of activity.”可知，作者和家人一起散步时听到音乐后慢跑起来，自己也没有预料到会以这种方式作出改变。故选C。 6．A.picnic B．meal C．movie D．walk 答案：D 解析：根据上文“After dinner on Thanksgiving, I went out for a”和下文“I felt like dancing ... started to run slowly.”可知，感恩节晚饭后，作者和家人出去散步，后来听音乐后，才提升速度，慢跑起来。go out for a walk意为“外出散步”。故选D。 7．A.teaching B．studying C．enjoying D．creating 答案：C 解析：根据上文“I had turned my little MP3 player on”可知，作者打开MP3播放器欣赏音乐。故选C。 8．A.disappointed B．pleased C．careful D．bored 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I needed a __4__ of heart and mind.”和下文“with my burst of activity”可知，作者知道自己需要改变，所以突然运动起来后，对自己发生的转变感到高兴。故选B。 9．A.got up B．broke down C．checked out D．came back 答案：A 解析：根据下文“the next morning and went out again”可知，第二天早上作者起床后又出去了。故选A。 10．A.curious B．annoyed C．frightened D．calm 答案：D 解析：根据下文“I __11__ the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago”并结合选项可知，作者锻炼后感觉强壮也平静了很多。故选D。 11．A.organized B．recalled C．demanded D．expressed 答案：B 解析：根据下文“the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago”可知，作者回忆起20年前跑步的感觉。故选B。 12．A.made B．signed C．turned D．ended 答案：B 解析：根据下文“up for a spring race and practiced hard for it”可知，作者报名参加了春季赛跑并为之努力练习。sign up for ... 意为“报名参加……”。故选B。 13．A.In case B．Soon after C．Even though D．As if 答案：C 解析：根据下文“my weight is still heavier ... care about it”可知，前后语义存在让步关系，应用even though “尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选C。 14．A.suddenly B．extremely C．importantly D．unusually 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Most”和下文“my workouts are less ... take Sundays off completely”可知，最重要的是，作者锻炼的同时，也有休息的时间。most importantly意为“最重要的是”。故选C。 15．A.goal B．limit C．struggle D．failure 答案：A 解析：根据下文“to keep exercising ... control my life”可知，在生活中坚持锻炼，但不要让它控制自己的生活，这是作者的目标。故选A。 Ⅱ　阅读 Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength，” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem－solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了进行园艺活动有利于身心健康并分析了原因。 1．What is Clayton's attitude towards gardening? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Uncaring. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Activities such as ... keep a healthy weight.(‘像挖土、种植、除草和收割这样的活动需要身体移动并能帮助改善体力，’ 一家网上草坪护理公司的首席执行官Clayton (克莱顿)说。‘经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持健康的体重。’)”可推知，Clayton对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A．It improves focus. B．It is a waste of time. C．It can keep a body in shape. D．It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的主旨句“Beyond burning calories ... the immune system (免疫系统)．(除了燃烧卡路里和增强肌肉，许多研究表明，园艺还可以改善免疫系统。)”可知，本段主要讲述了园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。 3．How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A．It contributes to creativity. B．It encourages problem－solving. C．It builds relationships between people. D．It improves people's awareness of safety. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It can be ... a sense of belonging.(它可以是家庭成员、朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感。)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们之间的关系。故选C。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Start a Garden B．Choose a Garden or Not C．What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D．Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits 答案：D 解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，D项(开始园艺并获得健康益处)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅲ　语法填空 You might have already become aware of the sugar content lurking in your daily coffee fix or those seemingly harmless afternoon biscuits. But do you know that even our breakfast cereals, marketed as a healthy start to the day, and convenient takeout fried chicken also contain a large amount of __1__ (add) sugar? “Americans are __2__ (simple) eating too much sugar，” says Frank Hu, __3__ professor of nutrition at the Harvard T．H. Chan School of Public Health. It's astonishing that most people in fact eat three times the recommended daily limit of sugar. “The research shows that too much sugar can lead to various harmful health __4__ (effect), ranging from short­term ones like energy crashes and mood swings to long­term ones such as obesity, heart disease, and even cancer.” Dr Hu further stresses that __5__ (reduce) sugar intake is an important step towards improving overall health and preventing diseases. __6__ you've received the warning that too much sugar isn't good for your health and are taking steps to cut back, you still haven't solved the problem—and you may have created a new one. Since the 1990s, aspartame (阿斯巴甜代糖) __7__ (use) widely to take the place of sugar. However, it has been carefully examined following a July 2023 statement __8__ regarded aspartame as “dangerous to humans”． So what's the answer? We need to rethink our relationship __9__ sweetness. By choosing more natural and fresh foods, we may gradually develop a __10__ (health) and more sustainable relationship. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄入过多糖分对健康的危害，并建议通过选择更天然和新鲜的食物来建立健康的关系。 1．答案：added 解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词sugar，应用形容词added作定语。故填added。 2．答案：simply 解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词eating，应用副词simply作状语。故填simply。 3．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一位教授”，应用不定冠词修饰，且professor的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4．答案：effects 解析：考查名词。effect是可数名词，其前有various修饰，应用名词复数。故填effects。 5．答案：reducing 解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处作宾语从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填reducing。 6．答案：Although/Though/While 解析：考查连词。句意：虽然你已经收到警告，吃太多糖对健康有害，并且正在采取措施减少摄入，但你仍然没有解决问题——而且你有可能已经制造了一个新问题。根据句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，设空处表示“虽然”，应用连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。 7．答案：has been used 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since the 1990s可知，本句应用现在完成时；主语aspartame与动词use之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has been used。 8．答案：which/that 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导定语从句，先行词是statement，指物，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which/that。 9．答案：with 解析：考查介词。短语relationship with表示“与……的关系”。故填with。 10．答案：healthier 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据and后的more sustainable可知，设空处应用形容词healthy的比较级healthier，与more sustainable并列修饰名词relationship。故填healthier。 　精深阅读 I hesitated when my friend suggested that we join the school's new Tai Chi Club. I used to think that tai chi was for the elderly. However, the first class changed my previous understanding of tai chi. A year later, I can say that tai chi has had a huge impact on me. The first few tai chi classes were fun and easy, and the moves with descriptive names really caught my imagination, like “white crane spreading its wings” and “golden rooster standing on one leg”. When I asked my coach where these interesting names came from, he told me about the history of tai chi. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th－century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. However, nowadays people tend to believe that Chen Wangting, a 17th－century master of Chinese martial arts, developed tai chi based on martial arts skills. After the first few basic tai chi lessons, I found myself bored and aching from doing the same slow moves over and over again. Fortunately, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind during everyday practice. With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved, that I was able to do more difficult moves, and that my love for tai chi turned stronger than ever. Meanwhile, I started to explore the ancient Chinese culture behind tai chi. I discovered that tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, which are believed to form the unity of opposite. Neither can exist independently of the other. The practice of tai chi aims to keep the balance of yin and yang in the body through opposite movements: forwards and backwards, up and down, left and right, breathing in and breathing out. Ultimately,__tai chi brings about a state of physical balance and mental peace. The experience of a year of tai chi has affected my everyday life positively. I sleep more soundly at night, and feel more energetic during the day. I feel happier and more confident. Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind, enabling me to stay calm in stressful situations. I am sure I will continue to practice tai chi and enjoy the benefits it has brought me. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了太极运动对作者的影响。 1．Why did the author join the Tai Chi Club? A．Because of his friend's advice. B．Because of his interest in it. C．Because of the school's request. D．Because of his parents' suggestion. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“I hesitated when ... a huge impact on me.”可知，作者加入太极俱乐部是因为朋友的建议。故选A。 2．Which of the following words can describe the moves of tai chi? A．Quick and beautiful. B．Quick and free. C．Slow and beautiful. D．Slow and boring. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first few tai chi ... between a snake and a bird.”可知，太极拳招式生动形象的名称激发了作者的想象力，表明这些招式是姿态优美的；根据第三段中的“After the first few ... over and over again.”可知，太极拳的招式是缓慢的。由此可推知，太极拳的招式是缓慢并且优美的。故选C。 3．What is the Chinese culture behind tai chi? A．Tai chi is influenced by Laozi's philosophy of water. B．Tai chi can have a positive effect in people's lives. C．You can find the origin of tai chi in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang. D．Tai chi can make people feel energetic and confident. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Meanwhile, I started to ... the unity of opposite.”可知，太极背后的中国文化是可以在中国的阴阳哲学中找到太极的起源。故选C。 4．What does the underlined word mean? A．Finally. B．Sometimes. C．Firstly. D．Constantly. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。画线词前文“The practice of tai chi ... and breathing out.”介绍了太极的动作，根据画线词后文“tai chi brings about a state of physical balance and mental peace”可知，这些招式最终会带来一种平衡的状态，由此可推知，画线词与finally意思相近，意为“最终”。故选A。 精深阅读——好词句小练 (一)热词 1．hesitate v. 犹豫 2．previous adj. 先前的 3．imagination n. 想象力；想象 4．spread v. 展开，打开；张开，伸开 5．energetic adj. 精力充沛的 (二)高频短语 6．have an impact on 对……有影响 7．(be)__based__on 以……为基础 8．tend to do sth 倾向于做某事 9．to one's satisfaction 使某人满意的是 10．enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事 (三)根据语境填入恰当的内容 11．With all the books he was interested in bought, Tom left the bookshop with great satisfaction (satisfy)． 12．After a good night's sleep, she felt energetic (energy) and ready to tackle the challenges of the day positively. 13．People today tend to make choices of their diets based (base) on what they believe. (四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义 14．Many low­income families rely on housing benefit to afford their rent.救济金 15．She always takes the time to chat with the elderly neighbors. 年老的 16．The fear of failure is rooted in his childhood experiences.深植于 (五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 energetic， satisfaction， huge 17．The explosion made a massive hole in the ground. huge 18．He said that night was totally crazy and dynamic with so many college students there. energetic 19．To his content, his son passed the exam at his first attempt. satisfaction (六)长难句分析 20．I hesitated when my friend suggested that we join the school's new Tai Chi Club. 句意：当朋友建议我们加入学校新成立的太极俱乐部时，我犹豫了一下。 分析：主干是I__hesitated；when引导时间状语从句，从句中含有that引导的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语；suggested后接从句，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 (七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子 21．The development of new technology continues to have__an__impact__on/upon__learning (对学习有影响)． 22．Based__on__trust (基于信任), the restaurant is gaining increasing popularity among people. (八)仿写句子 23．With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved.(with＋n.＋介词短语) 仿写：老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。 The__teacher__walked__into__the__classroom__with__a__book__in__his/her__hand. 课后课时作业(二) 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★★ Ⅰ　阅读 A Eating too much fat contributes to the risk of stroke (中风) and other heart diseases. However, it's the type of fat, not the amount, that appears to be more important when it comes to stroke. Eating plant－based fats lowers stroke risk, according to a study presentation given at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions. The study, which hasn't yet been proved by other researchers, found people who ate the most vegetable－based fats were 12% less likely to experience a stroke compared to those who ate the least. On the other hand, people who ate the highest levels of animal－based saturated (饱和的) fats were 16% more likely to experience a stroke than those who ate the least fats of that kind. The findings show the type and different food sources of fat are more important than the total amount of fat in preventing certain diseases, including stroke. “You need fat to survive. Fat helps your body absorb vitamins from foods, build cells, give you energy and keep you warm. But it's the unsaturated fats that come from vegetables, nuts and fatty fish that can lower your cholesterol (胆固醇) level and help keep you healthy. Saturated fats are generally not as healthy, which mainly come from red and processed meat，” said Dr Frank Hu, one of the authors of the study. A proper reduction in red and processed meat consumption with a healthy eating pattern can reduce total death rate by 13%, heart disease death by 14%, cancer death by 11% and Type 2 Diabetes risk by 24%, according to the study. Interestingly, dairy fat was not associated with a higher risk of stroke, the study found. There has been an ongoing debate among researchers as to the role of dairy. The diet guidelines for Americans call for three servings of low－and no－fat dairy each day. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，对于罹患中风有重要影响的是摄入脂肪的种类，而不是数量。 1．How does Paragraph 2 mainly develop? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing causes and effects. C．By providing examples. D．By following the order of time. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，食用最多植物性脂肪的人比食用最少植物性脂肪的人患中风的可能性低12%。另一方面，食用动物性饱和脂肪含量最高的人比食用同类脂肪最少的人患中风的可能性高16%。由此可推知，本段通过作比较来展开。故选A。 2．Which kind of food doesn't have unsaturated fats according to Paragraph 3? A．Corn. B．Beans. C．Nuts. D．Beef. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it's the unsaturated ... keep you healthy.”可知，蔬菜、坚果和富含脂肪的鱼类中有不饱和脂肪，牛肉不属于这一范围。故选D。 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The type of fat matters when it comes to stroke. B．People should eat less red meat to keep healthy. C．Fat plays an important role in people's life. D．Americans need three servings of dairy per day. 答案：A 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的结论“However, it's the ... comes to stroke.(然而，提到中风，脂肪的类型而不是数量似乎更重要。)”并结合后文通过研究对该结论的证实可知，本文主要说明了脂肪的类型与中风有关。故选A。 4．Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from? A．Environment. B．Technology. C．Health. D．Travel. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了摄入脂肪的类型与中风概率的关系，属于健康类科普文。由此可推知，本文可能选自报纸的健康版块。故选C。 B When the word exercise is seen or heard, most people think of the physical labor it involves, but there is so much more to it. Exercise is more than just a twenty－minute run. Exercising is one of the most important things someone can do to take care of themselves and their bodies. The benefits of exercise include more than just physical, but also emotional and health benefits. Exercise has positive effects on the brain's functions. Exercise decreases anxiety, which is the body's natural response to stress. Norepinephrine (去甲肾上腺素), which involves levels of stress, can be moderated with exercise because exercise increases the amounts of it. Exercise enhances brain health. The brain is the center of control for the body's entire sense of functioning, and without it all that would be left is muscles and bones. The mental health is linked to exercise. Mental health can be strengthened by physical activity whether it is a casual walk in the park, or intense weightlifting training. Exercise promotes positive body images when increasing self－esteem, and helps increase the overall self image. The emotional and mental benefits from exercise are vital and only growing, as more is being discovered about the brain's functions. Exercise is complex, and constantly changing. The physical benefits of flexibility, muscular strength and muscular endurance are all vital to creating a healthy body. The health benefits from exercise range from heart to immune system, and more are being discovered every day to help increase one's life. Exercise is not limited to just the gym, but an entire existence. The combination of benefits is what makes exercise so cardinal. Exercise is one of the most important activities someone can introduce into their lives. A walk around a neighbourhood, or training for a team, any effort towards getting your heart rate going makes a difference. Exercise is universal and beneficial to everyone. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了锻炼对我们至关重要，并从多个方面说明了锻炼的好处。 5．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Most people regard exercise as physical labor. B．Running is a very good kind of exercise. C．Exercise benefits people in several aspects. D．We should care for ourselves when exercising. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The benefits of exercise ... emotional and health benefits.”可知，锻炼带来的好处包括身体、情感和健康各方面，即锻炼在很多方面对人有益。故选C。 6．Which of the following is the function of norepinephrine? A．It affects brain's functions negatively. B．It shows people's response to stress. C．It can make people forget anxiety. D．It can help deal with stress. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Exercise decreases anxiety ... the amounts of it.”可知，锻炼可以减少压力。去甲肾上腺素与压力水平有关，锻炼可以增加去甲肾上腺素的含量。由此可知，去甲肾上腺素可以帮助应对压力。故选D。 7．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Mental health's effect on people. B．Exercise's effect on our brain. C．The importance of our brain. D．The functions of our brain. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段的主旨句“Exercise enhances brain health.(锻炼促进大脑健康。)”及后文具体对其的解释可知，本段主要介绍了锻炼对我们大脑功能的积极作用。故选B。 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Exercise is really a complex activity. B．Exercise can bring many benefits to people. C．Exercise should increase people's heart rate. D．Exercise should be changed constantly. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The physical benefits ... help increase one's life.”可知，锻炼对柔韧性、肌肉力量、肌肉耐力、心脏、免疫系统、延长寿命都有好处。由此可推知，锻炼可以给人们带来很多好处。故选B。 Ⅱ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The New York Marathon (马拉松) is my goal for this year. I know I am never going to win a race but now, when I get anything negative, I will think of the kind gentleman who really believed, “You very good ... you very fast.” At the time, I was living in the Bay Area, and my mother had come to visit for a few days. On the last day of her stay, I was preparing to go out for a run. I picked up a T－shirt I just bought the other day from a Chinese clothing shop—it had some Chinese characters on the front, and a scene of Honolulu Chinatown on the back. I didn't speak Chinese, but somehow this special T－shirt was quite soft and good for exercise. Working in a very negative environment, I found morning runs very beneficial—body tired but mind awake. And I had always met an elderly Chinese gentleman walking on the opposite side of the trail (道路) when I was running on other mornings. I had always said, “Good morning，” and he had always smiled warmly and nodded his head slightly. As I was going out the door, my mother suddenly said, “I don't think running is so hot—that famous runner died.” I started to recount what I had read about Jim Fixx, and how running had probably been the contributing factor to his living far longer than most of the other members of his family, but I knew there was absolutely no point. As I started running on my favorite trail, I found I couldn't shake my mother's statement. I was so discouraged that I could hardly run. I began thinking, “Why do I run at all? Serious runners probably think I look silly! I might have a heart attack on the trail—my dad had a fatal (致命的) heart attack at 50 years old, and he was seemingly in better shape than I am.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 My mother's statement remained in my mind like a giant blanket. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Upon hearing the man's words, I felt more unexplained strength in my step. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者打算参加马拉松比赛，总是去晨跑，母亲却对跑步做出了消极评价。母亲的评价对作者有什么影响？一位老人的鼓励能否让作者重拾自信？ [精彩范文] My mother's statement remained in my mind like a giant blanket. Gradually, my jog slowed to a walk. My body drained of energy and my mind felt extremely defeated. Just as I was going to turn around and head for home—feeling more discouraged than I could recall in years—I saw that elderly Chinese gentleman again. Seeing my shirt in the distance had prompted him to march towards me. With limited English he pointed to the letters and enthusiastically said, “You very good ... you very fast.” Upon hearing the man's words, I felt more unexplained strength in my step. He cast his usual warm smile at me and gave me a thumbs up as we passed each other. A surge of warmth across my whole body, I didn't turn from the trail that my previous dark mood had driven me to follow. Thanks to that little boost, I continued for six more miles that day instead. I was not that fast, but was very good in my spirit and my heart. Luckily, the elderly gentleman saved me from the shadow of negative feedback. 　精深阅读 “I was captivated by weightlifting during the London 2012 Olympic Games，” says Fiona Clements, a software developer working in London. “I think it's partly because the effort is so obvious—you can see every flash of doubt, pain and happiness of success on the athletes' faces.” Clements was 48 at the time. She thought she'd left it far too late to even consider trying it, but then she kept thinking about it. “It took until September 2022, but I finally went for it.” Clements signed up for a beginners' class with Sally Moss, a strength coach who is an expert in Olympic lifting, and loved it from her first class. Now 58, Clements can lift 50 kg and push 21 kg overhead. She says she has never felt stronger. Resistance training, to use the term for any type of exercise where you're working against weight, whether it's using dumbbells (哑铃), exercise bands or just your own body weight, is extremely beneficial. “I just thought that it would be impossible to make a difference to my body as an older woman，” says Blacker, a small business owner, who took up strength training at 53. “I'd gained weight and felt awful. I certainly didn't think that weightlifting would be the way I would change my body.” Blacker can now lift 40 kg for 10 repetitions and feels more than ready to deal with training alone. Clements, at the same time, has already signed up with her local gym, for the days she's not training with Moss. “I can feel these bands of hard muscle when I move my arms and legs that I'm pretty sure weren't there before，” she says. “But the best part is that I'm actually able to understand the sport I love. It still feels like magic when that bar goes overhead.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个普通人对举重项目的尝试，以及举重给她们带来的影响和改变。 1．What does the underlined word “captivated” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Uninterested. B．Attracted. C．Upset. D．Satisfied. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“I think it's partly because ... on the athletes' faces.(我认为这在一定程度上是因为努力是显而易见的——你可以看到怀疑、痛苦和成功的喜悦在运动员脸上显现。)”可推知，作者被举重吸引了。因此，画线词意为“吸引”。故选B。 2．Why did Clements fail to try weightlifting in 2012? A．She was fearful of the pain. B．She found it hard to get a top coach. C．She was doubtful about its lasting effects. D．She thought she was too old to have a go. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Clements was 48 at the time. She thought she'd left it far too late to even consider trying it”可知，Clements(克莱门茨)在2012年没有尝试举重是因为她认为自己年龄太大了。故选D。 3．What did Blacker benefit from taking up weightlifting? A．She increased her willpower. B．She improved her body shape. C．She found a part­time job in this field. D．She had her busy daily life changed. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I certainly didn't think that weightlifting would be the way I would change my body.”可知，Blacker(布莱克)通过举重运动改变了自己的体型。故选B。 4．What does Clements say about weightlifting? A．She has a deeper understanding of it. B．She suggests starting it at a local gym. C．She enjoys muscle­building most of all. D．She finds it more magic than hard work. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the best part ... goes overhead.”可推知，Clements对举重有更深的理解。故选A。 精深阅读——好词句小练 (一)热词 1．partly adv. 部分地，在某种程度上 2．consider v. 考虑，斟酌；认为，视为 3．resistance n. 反对，抵制；抵抗，反抗 4．beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的 5．local adj. 当地的，地方的　n. 当地人，本地人 (二)高频短语 6．go for 前往；追求 7．sign__up__for 报名参加；注册 8．gain weight 增重 9．more__than 多于，不仅仅；非常 10．feel like 感觉像是；认为；觉得 (三)根据语境填入恰当的内容 11．Obviously (obvious), we don't want to spend too much money. 12．He has some unfinished business to deal with． 13．Remarks like that brought back painful (pain) memories. (四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义 14．She's expert at making cheap but stylish clothes.擅长的 15．The photographer captured a flash of her smile in the picture.闪现 16．They take up too much space.占据 (五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 certainly， awful， expert 17．A(n) specialist has now pronounced him fully fit. expert 18．This will surely end in disaster.certainly 19．Her voice sounds horrible.awful (六)长难句分析 20．Clements signed up for a beginners' class with Sally Moss, a strength coach who is an expert in Olympic lifting, and loved it from her first class. 句意：克莱门茨报名参加了奥运会举重专家、力量教练萨利·莫斯的一个初学者课程，她从第一节课开始就很喜欢举重。 分析：主干是Clements__signed__up__for__a__beginners'__class__and__loved__it；a strength coach作Sally Moss的同位语；who引导定语从句，修饰coach。 (七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子 21．She plucked up the courage to sign__up__for__the__competition (报名参加比赛). 22．I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take__up (占用) too much of your time. (八)仿写句子 23．I think it's partly because the effort is so obvious—you can see every flash of doubt, pain and happiness of success on the athletes' faces.(because引导表语从句) 仿写：这是因为中国的年轻人现在对自己的文化更有信心了。 It__is__because__China's__young__people__are__now__more__confident__about__their__own__culture.__ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $