热点话题04 追忆杨振宁先生——献身科学精神（阅读理解专练）英语高考复习通用版

热点话题04 追忆杨振宁先生——献身科学精神 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空 【原创·语法填空】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103岁。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://apnews.com/article/china-nobel-laureate-physicist-chen-ning-yang-fb5709847c4dbe01e967e5eb1df28c18 Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang dies at 103 BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103. The prestigious Tsinghua University, where he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement that Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details. “Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, having made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to China’s scientific and educational developments. Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the first Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics. Yang, also known as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory developed with American physicist Robert Mills. Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was a math professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was strongly influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938, the website said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1986, he became a distinguished Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, to which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize. Starting from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua. 【原创·语法填空】 BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103. The prestigious Tsinghua University, 1.__________ he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement that Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details. “Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, 2.__________（have） made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to China’s scientific and educational 3.__________（development）developments. Yang 4.__________（win） the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the 5.__________（one） Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics. Yang, also 6.__________（know） as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory developed with American physicist Robert Mills. Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was 7.__________ math professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was 8.__________（strong） influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938, the website said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1986, he became a 9.__________（distinguish） Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong Kong,10.__________ which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize. Starting from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua. 【课标词汇积累】 1.influential adj.有影响力的, 有支配力的; n.有影响力的人物 · The teacher's influential guidance helped the student develop a strong interest in scientific research. (老师的影响力使学生对科研产生了浓厚兴趣。) 2.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的 · The school's prestigious reputation attracts students who are eager to excel academically. (学校的声誉吸引了渴望在学业上出类拔萃的学生。) 3.revolutionary adj.革命的, 创新的, 突破性的 · The revolutionary teaching method transformed the way students engage with complex subjects. (革命性的教学方法改变了学生学习复杂科目的方式。) 4.contribution n.贡献, 捐款 · Volunteering in community service is a meaningful contribution to society. (参与社区志愿服务是对社会的有意义贡献。) 5.educational adj.教育的, 有教育意义的 · Educational games can make learning more enjoyable and effective for elementary students. (教育类游戏能让小学生的学习更有趣且高效。) 6. investigation n.调查, 学术研究 · Scientific investigation skills are essential for students to develop critical thinking. (科学调查能力对学生培养批判性思维至关重要。) 7.elementary adj.基本的, 初级的, 简单的 · Elementary students should establish good study habits early to benefit their future learning. (小学生应尽早养成良好的学习习惯，以利于未来学习。) 8. enrol v.注册, 登记, 招收 · The university saw a significant increase in students who enrolled in online courses this year. (今年报名在线课程的大学生数量显著增加。) 9.pursue vt.继续, 追求, 进行, 追捕; vi.追，追赶, 继续进行 · After graduation, she decided to pursue further studies abroad to broaden her horizons. (毕业后，她决定出国深造以拓宽视野。) 10.distinguished adj.卓越的, 著名的, 受人尊敬的, 显得重要的 · The school awarded scholarships to distinguished students for their outstanding performance. (学校为表现优异的学生颁发了奖学金。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Social media has become an _____________ factor in shaping students' study habits and lifestyles. (社交媒体已成为影响学生学习习惯和生活方式的重要因素。) 2.Graduating from a _____________ university can open many doors for future career opportunities. (毕业于名牌大学能为未来职业发展打开许多机会。) 3.Online learning platforms have brought _____________ changes to traditional education systems. (在线学习平台为传统教育体系带来了革命性变革。) 4.The student's _____________ to the group project was highly praised by the teacher. (学生在小组项目中的贡献得到了老师的高度赞扬。) 5.Parents play a crucial role in their children's _____________ development. (家长在孩子的教育发展中起着关键作用。) 6.The school launched an _____________ into the causes of students' declining reading habits. (学校对学生阅读习惯下降的原因展开了调查。) 7.The _____________level of mathematics focuses on basic arithmetic and problem-solving. (小学数学的重点是基础算术和问题解决能力。) 8.Many students choose to _____________ in extracurricular activities to explore their interests. (许多学生选择报名课外活动以探索兴趣。) 9.Students who _____________ their passions often achieve greater success in their careers. (追逐热情的学生通常在职业生涯中取得更大成就。) 10.The _____________ professor was invited to give a lecture on innovative teaching methods. (这位杰出的教授受邀讲授创新教学方法。) 【参考译文】 中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103岁。 他曾经就读并担任教授的清华大学在一份声明中表示，杨致远死于疾病，但没有透露更多细节。 “杨教授是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一，对现代物理学的发展做出了革命性的贡献，”声明说，赞扬了他对中国科学和教育发展的贡献。 根据诺贝尔奖网站的说法，杨振宁和李政道因对所谓的宇称定律的研究而获得了1957年的诺贝尔奖，这导致了“关于基本粒子的重要发现”。他们是首次获得诺贝尔物理学奖的中国出生的人。 杨（又名弗兰克或富兰克林）因与美国物理学家罗伯特·米尔斯共同创立的杨-米尔斯理论而闻名。据该网站报道，杨出生在1922年，他的父亲是清华大学的数学教授，他在清华大学的校园里长大。完成本科学业后，他获得了清华大学的硕士学位。 据该网站报道，他于1946年进入美国芝加哥大学攻读博士学位，深受意大利裔美国物理学家恩里科·费米的影响，后者曾在1938年获得同一项诺贝尔奖。后来，他成为普林斯顿高等研究院的教授。 1986年，他出任香港中文大学杰出教授，并慷慨捐赠了包括诺贝尔奖在内的诸多奖项和论文。1999年起，他开始在清华大学任教。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·北京市第二中学高三上学期开学测） Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager — Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.” Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you'll find the solution.” Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today? “We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.” 1．What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs? A．Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits. B．It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory. C．No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years. D．It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 2．What was critical to Einstein’s success? A．His talent as an accomplished musician B．His independent and abstract thinking. C．His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. D．His solid foundation in math theory. 3．What does the author tell us about physicists today? A．They tend to neglect training in analytical skills. B．They are very good at solving practical problems. C．They attach great importance to publishing academic papers. D．They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 4．What does Brian Greene imply by saying “…it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Underlined, Para. 9)? A．People have to compete in order to get their papers published. B．It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today. C．Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today. D．Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 【词汇积累】 1.memorial n.纪念碑, 纪念物; adj.纪念的 2.emerge v.出现，兴起, 摆脱, 暴露, 露头 3.intellectually adv.知性上，智力上 4.philosophy n.哲学, 哲学思想, 生活信条 6.furiously adv.狂怒地, 狂暴地，猛烈地, 气势汹汹, 怒冲冲 7.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的 8. analytical adj.分析（法）的, 分解的 Passage2阅读理解 （2026·江苏扬州高邮市高三上学期开学调研测） Albert Einstein asked himself at the age of 16: What would we observe if we travelled at the speed of light? Imagining himself pursuing a beam of light, he reasoned that he should observe such a beam of light as an electromagnetic field at rest. This intuitive (直觉的) thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity and later came to be known as one of Einstein’s most famous thought experiments. Thought experiments, put simply, are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind. Or, they take place in the imagination. We set up some hypothetical (假设的) situation, carry out an operation, see what happens, and draw a conclusion from our analysis. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental plan in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. In the circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world. While the term originated in the 19th century, the use of thought experiments can be traced much further back, when ancient philosophers used them to explore difficult questions. About 2500 years ago, Chinese philosopher Zhuangzi recorded one of the earliest thought experiments: if you cut a long stick in half and then cut the remaining part in two each following day, you will never finish cutting it. With the birth of modern science, thought experiments, an important tool for scientists, are regularly used in the areas of physics, philosophy, economics and the sciences. Throughout history, thought experiments have contributed to the development of scientific theories. With logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an existing theory. However, thought experiments are not always about proving something right or wrong with a definite answer. Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance. They also help us stretch our minds by confronting and considering difficult questions. 5．Why does the author mention the limitation of real-world experiments? A．To show the difficulty in thought experiments. B．To explain the reasons for thought experiments. C．To prove uselessness of real-world experiments. D．To compare the costs of two types of experiments. 6．What is the main content of Paragraph 4? A．Thought experiments help advance knowledge. B．Thought experiments always outweigh real ones. C．Thought experiments are time-honored in research. D．Using thought experiments is challenged in studies. 7．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A．Thought experiments will replace real-world ones in the future. B．Without thought experiments, there would be no scientific theories. C．Thought experiments help address real-life problems indirectly. D．Only great scientists can design effective thought experiments. 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Einstein’s Great Contribution to Physics B．The History of Scientific Experiments C．Thought Experiments and Their Values D．How to Design a Thought Experiment 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance. 【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句。by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible是方式状语， allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis……作结果状语。which has real-life significance是定语从句修饰先行词 hypothesis。 【翻译】相反，通过使抽象、复杂的想法更具体、更易于理解，思想实验可以刺激辩论，并导致对所讨论的话题有更彻底的理解，允许我们探索一个具有现实意义的假设的结果。 Passage 3 阅读七选五 （2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三下学期第二次模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not. But where do our new ideas come from? Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process. Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. 2 Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱). But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere? Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. 3 However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. 4 It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not. 5 But creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions. Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain. A．The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup. B．We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike. C．The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well. D．If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it. E．While Cicoria’s music is beautiful, it shares the same structure and progression as the composer he likes. F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind. G．He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music. Passage 4 完形填空 （2026·河北省邢台市NT20名校联合体高三月考） I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, a medical researcher there. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely 1 the food. We could not have felt more 2 . Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. 3 darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too? ” I was surprised. After I 4 to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the 5 that existed in his world. where the unknown and undiscovered was 6 and amazing. Anything was possible. In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. I can, from my computer at home, 7 satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more moons to search for, little 8 to discover. Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How 9 are we? The question of what we know and do not know 10 bother me. I began to 11 newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they 12 . In looking into the 13 of biological discovery, I also began to find a collection of scientists, who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), and even at the risk of the 14 of their peers. We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new 15 more often than not, we do not even know its name. 1．A．produce B．recognize C．attain D．prepare 2．A．conservative B．familiar C．foreign D．natural 3．A．As B．If C．Once D．Although 4．A．announced B．committed C．complained D．responded 5．A．differences B．possibilities C．definitions D．expressions 6．A．suspicious B．similar C．absurd D．vast 7．A．take up B．pull up C．pick up D．make up 8．A．kept B．banned C．left D．bounded 9．A．accessible B．elegant C．ignorant D．relevant 10．A．instantly B．constantly C．occasionally D．absolutely 11．A．evaluate B．seize C．polish D．collect 12．A．appeared B．existed C．formed D．quitted 13．A．fictions B．plots C．stories D．moments 14．A．tease B．envy C．support D．admiration 15．A．updates B．settles C．develops D．emerges Passage 5 语法填空 （2026·黑龙江省高三月考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma on May 23rd in Southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, with the world’s highest automatic meteorological station successfully 1 (improve). The scientists reached the peak at around 12:30 p.m. on May 23rd, 2 was the second time a Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above 8,000 meters since 2022. Recently, several leading technologies 3 (apply) in China’s Peak Mission expedition by a total of 170 scientists who 4 (be) conducting research on water, ecology and other activities during the 2023 expedition to Mount Qomolangma as part of the second comprehensive 5 (science) expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At 3 a.m on May 23rd, a group of 13 scientists 6 (form) the expedition team set off from the 8,300-meter high camp at Mount Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West. After 7 8-hour climb, they reached the world’s highest automatic weather observation station at 8,830 meters above sea level around 11 a.m. The team secured fixed steel ropes, replaced batteries, installed a wind speed 8 direction sensor at the station. After 9 (approximate) one hour of work, the scientists successfully completed the maintenance and upgrade of the automatic weather station. Currently, automated weather 10 (station) at 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters on Mount Qomolangma have completed their technical upgrades. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点话题04 追忆杨振宁先生——献身科学精神 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空 【原创·语法填空】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103岁。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://apnews.com/article/china-nobel-laureate-physicist-chen-ning-yang-fb5709847c4dbe01e967e5eb1df28c18 Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang dies at 103 BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103. The prestigious Tsinghua University, where he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement that Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details. “Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, having made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to China’s scientific and educational developments. Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the first Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics. Yang, also known as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory developed with American physicist Robert Mills. Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was a math professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was strongly influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938, the website said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1986, he became a distinguished Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, to which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize. Starting from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua. 【原创·语法填空】 BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103. The prestigious Tsinghua University, 1.__________ he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement that Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details. “Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, 2.__________（have） made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to China’s scientific and educational 3.__________（development）developments. Yang 4.__________（win） the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the 5.__________（one） Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics. Yang, also 6.__________（know） as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory developed with American physicist Robert Mills. Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was 7.__________ math professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was 8.__________（strong） influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938, the website said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1986, he became a 9.__________（distinguish） Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong Kong,10.__________ which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize. Starting from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua. 【答案】1.where 2.having 3.developments 4.won 5.first 6.known 7.a 8.strongly 9.distinguished 10. to 【解析】 1.where考查定语从句。他曾经学习并担任教授的清华大学。此处where引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 2.having考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词短语作定语，have和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，此处可以改写成一个非限制性定语从句。故填having。 3.developments考查词形转换及名词复数。赞扬了他对中国科学和教育发展的贡献。形容词修饰名词，所以把develop变成名词development，教育和科学两方面的发展，故用复数形式。故填developments。 4.won考查时态。根据后面的时间状语in 1957可知，用一般过去时。故填won。 5.first考查序数词。此处译文首次，故填first。 6.known过去分词。此处相当于who was known as……。故填known。 7.a考查冠词。此处指一位数学教授，故填a。 8.strongly考查词形转换。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填strongly。 9.distinguished考查词形转换。修饰名词用形容词，故填distinguished。 10. to考查介词。此题较难，此处是介词前置的定语从句，介词to源于which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize to，此处把to前置。故填to。 【课标词汇积累】 1.influential adj.有影响力的, 有支配力的; n.有影响力的人物 · The teacher's influential guidance helped the student develop a strong interest in scientific research. (老师的影响力使学生对科研产生了浓厚兴趣。) 2.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的 · The school's prestigious reputation attracts students who are eager to excel academically. (学校的声誉吸引了渴望在学业上出类拔萃的学生。) 3.revolutionary adj.革命的, 创新的, 突破性的 · The revolutionary teaching method transformed the way students engage with complex subjects. (革命性的教学方法改变了学生学习复杂科目的方式。) 4.contribution n.贡献, 捐款 · Volunteering in community service is a meaningful contribution to society. (参与社区志愿服务是对社会的有意义贡献。) 5.educational adj.教育的, 有教育意义的 · Educational games can make learning more enjoyable and effective for elementary students. (教育类游戏能让小学生的学习更有趣且高效。) 6. investigation n.调查, 学术研究 · Scientific investigation skills are essential for students to develop critical thinking. (科学调查能力对学生培养批判性思维至关重要。) 7.elementary adj.基本的, 初级的, 简单的 · Elementary students should establish good study habits early to benefit their future learning. (小学生应尽早养成良好的学习习惯，以利于未来学习。) 8. enrol v.注册, 登记, 招收 · The university saw a significant increase in students who enrolled in online courses this year. (今年报名在线课程的大学生数量显著增加。) 9.pursue vt.继续, 追求, 进行, 追捕; vi.追，追赶, 继续进行 · After graduation, she decided to pursue further studies abroad to broaden her horizons. (毕业后，她决定出国深造以拓宽视野。) 10.distinguished adj.卓越的, 著名的, 受人尊敬的, 显得重要的 · The school awarded scholarships to distinguished students for their outstanding performance. (学校为表现优异的学生颁发了奖学金。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Social media has become an _____________ factor in shaping students' study habits and lifestyles. (社交媒体已成为影响学生学习习惯和生活方式的重要因素。) 2.Graduating from a _____________ university can open many doors for future career opportunities. (毕业于名牌大学能为未来职业发展打开许多机会。) 3.Online learning platforms have brought _____________ changes to traditional education systems. (在线学习平台为传统教育体系带来了革命性变革。) 4.The student's _____________ to the group project was highly praised by the teacher. (学生在小组项目中的贡献得到了老师的高度赞扬。) 5.Parents play a crucial role in their children's _____________ development. (家长在孩子的教育发展中起着关键作用。) 6.The school launched an _____________ into the causes of students' declining reading habits. (学校对学生阅读习惯下降的原因展开了调查。) 7.The _____________level of mathematics focuses on basic arithmetic and problem-solving. (小学数学的重点是基础算术和问题解决能力。) 8.Many students choose to _____________ in extracurricular activities to explore their interests. (许多学生选择报名课外活动以探索兴趣。) 9.Students who _____________ their passions often achieve greater success in their careers. (追逐热情的学生通常在职业生涯中取得更大成就。) 10.The _____________ professor was invited to give a lecture on innovative teaching methods. (这位杰出的教授受邀讲授创新教学方法。) Keys: 1.influential 2.prestigious 3.revolutionary 4.contribution 5.educational 6.investigation 7.elementary 8.enrol 9.pursue 10.distinguished 【参考译文】 中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103岁。 他曾经就读并担任教授的清华大学在一份声明中表示，杨致远死于疾病，但没有透露更多细节。 “杨教授是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一，对现代物理学的发展做出了革命性的贡献，”声明说，赞扬了他对中国科学和教育发展的贡献。 根据诺贝尔奖网站的说法，杨振宁和李政道因对所谓的宇称定律的研究而获得了1957年的诺贝尔奖，这导致了“关于基本粒子的重要发现”。他们是首次获得诺贝尔物理学奖的中国出生的人。 杨（又名弗兰克或富兰克林）因与美国物理学家罗伯特·米尔斯共同创立的杨-米尔斯理论而闻名。据该网站报道，杨出生在1922年，他的父亲是清华大学的数学教授，他在清华大学的校园里长大。完成本科学业后，他获得了清华大学的硕士学位。 据该网站报道，他于1946年进入美国芝加哥大学攻读博士学位，深受意大利裔美国物理学家恩里科·费米的影响，后者曾在1938年获得同一项诺贝尔奖。后来，他成为普林斯顿高等研究院的教授。 1986年，他出任香港中文大学杰出教授，并慷慨捐赠了包括诺贝尔奖在内的诸多奖项和论文。1999年起，他开始在清华大学任教。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·北京市第二中学高三上学期开学测） Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager — Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.” Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you'll find the solution.” Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today? “We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.” 1．What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs? A．Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits. B．It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory. C．No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years. D．It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 2．What was critical to Einstein’s success? A．His talent as an accomplished musician B．His independent and abstract thinking. C．His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. D．His solid foundation in math theory. 3．What does the author tell us about physicists today? A．They tend to neglect training in analytical skills. B．They are very good at solving practical problems. C．They attach great importance to publishing academic papers. D．They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 4．What does Brian Greene imply by saying “…it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Underlined, Para. 9)? A．People have to compete in order to get their papers published. B．It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today. C．Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today. D．Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文，科学家们预测未来会诞生新的科学巨匠，但统一理论的挑战促使数学革新。然而，现代物理学环境变化、教育背景和职业选择都可能阻碍新爱因斯坦的出现，文章探讨了过去独立思考、跨学科技能和独特洞察的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time.(科学家们说，一个新的爱因斯坦将会出现。但这可能需要很长时间)”和第二段中“Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now.(许多物理学家说，下一个爱因斯坦还没有出生，或者现在还是个婴儿)”可知，科学家认为新爱因斯坦会出现，但可能需要很长时间，第二段中提到下一个爱因斯坦尚未出生或现在还是个婴儿，支持需要长时间的观点。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中“It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself.(它教会了他如何独立和抽象地思考空间和时间，不久之后，他自己也成为了一名哲学家)”和第六段““The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944.(“在我看来，哲学洞察力所创造的独立性是一个工匠或专家与一个真正的真理追求者之间的区别。” 爱因斯坦在1944年写道)”可知，独立和抽象地思考能力是爱因斯坦成功的关键，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第八段“Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts.(如今，大学培养了数百万物理学家。科学领域的工作对他们来说并不多，所以他们去了华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实际、更有回报的工作中)”可知，如今的物理学家往往进入经济效益更大的领域，故选D。 4．词句猜测题。第九段中““Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.”( “也许今天真的有一个爱因斯坦” 哥伦比亚大学的物理学家Brian Greene说，“但要让人们听到他的声音要困难得多。”)”提到，Brian Greene说也许今天有另一个爱因斯坦，但要让人们听到他的声音会困难得多。倒数第四段中“The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!(空间和时间弯曲的实际结构？我的天哪，这是什么想法)”对爱因斯坦的想法提出质疑、倒数第三段中“These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.(这些“思想实验”是一页又一页的计算结果，由一个默默无闻的人签名提交给了著名的Annalen der Physik杂志。没有脚注或引文)”提到爱因斯坦1905年提交的论文是“思想实验”，没有脚注或引用，最后一段““We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.”(“我们都收到过这样的邮件。” Greene 说。“我们把它们放在了垃圾文件里。”)”通过Greene的话说明，类似论文今天会被放入“垃圾文件”，这暗示现代学术环境更难接受爱因斯坦式的非传统论文，这些论文不太可能被发表，故选C。 【词汇积累】 1.memorial n.纪念碑, 纪念物; adj.纪念的 2.emerge v.出现，兴起, 摆脱, 暴露, 露头 3.intellectually adv.知性上，智力上 4.philosophy n.哲学, 哲学思想, 生活信条 6.furiously adv.狂怒地, 狂暴地，猛烈地, 气势汹汹, 怒冲冲 7.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的 8. analytical adj.分析（法）的, 分解的 Passage2阅读理解 （2026·江苏扬州高邮市高三上学期开学调研测） Albert Einstein asked himself at the age of 16: What would we observe if we travelled at the speed of light? Imagining himself pursuing a beam of light, he reasoned that he should observe such a beam of light as an electromagnetic field at rest. This intuitive (直觉的) thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity and later came to be known as one of Einstein’s most famous thought experiments. Thought experiments, put simply, are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind. Or, they take place in the imagination. We set up some hypothetical (假设的) situation, carry out an operation, see what happens, and draw a conclusion from our analysis. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental plan in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. In the circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world. While the term originated in the 19th century, the use of thought experiments can be traced much further back, when ancient philosophers used them to explore difficult questions. About 2500 years ago, Chinese philosopher Zhuangzi recorded one of the earliest thought experiments: if you cut a long stick in half and then cut the remaining part in two each following day, you will never finish cutting it. With the birth of modern science, thought experiments, an important tool for scientists, are regularly used in the areas of physics, philosophy, economics and the sciences. Throughout history, thought experiments have contributed to the development of scientific theories. With logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an existing theory. However, thought experiments are not always about proving something right or wrong with a definite answer. Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance. They also help us stretch our minds by confronting and considering difficult questions. 5．Why does the author mention the limitation of real-world experiments? A．To show the difficulty in thought experiments. B．To explain the reasons for thought experiments. C．To prove uselessness of real-world experiments. D．To compare the costs of two types of experiments. 6．What is the main content of Paragraph 4? A．Thought experiments help advance knowledge. B．Thought experiments always outweigh real ones. C．Thought experiments are time-honored in research. D．Using thought experiments is challenged in studies. 7．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A．Thought experiments will replace real-world ones in the future. B．Without thought experiments, there would be no scientific theories. C．Thought experiments help address real-life problems indirectly. D．Only great scientists can design effective thought experiments. 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Einstein’s Great Contribution to Physics B．The History of Scientific Experiments C．Thought Experiments and Their Values D．How to Design a Thought Experiment 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“思想实验”展开：先以爱因斯坦16岁的追光设想引出话题，接着界定概念、追溯历史、列举价值，最后指出其意义不仅在于“证伪”或“证真”，更在于把抽象问题具体化，激发思考并间接服务现实。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental plan in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. In the circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.(随着我们对世界的探索越来越深入，我们可能会达到一个点，即由于物理、道德或经济限制，在现实世界中无法运行实验计划。在这种情况下，我们进入了思想实验的领域，这是一种有价值的手段，可以测试我们知识的局限性，促进我们对世界的理解)”可知，文章先指出真实实验常因物理、道德或经济限制而无法实施，所以我们进入了思想实验的领域。由此推知，作者提及现实局限正是为了解释人类为何需要思想实验。故选B。 6．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Throughout history, thought experiments have contributed to the development of scientific theories. With logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an existing theory.(纵观历史，思想实验对科学理论的发展做出了贡献。通过逻辑推理，思想实验能够提出一个新的理论，支持或反驳一个现有的理论)”可知，第四段的主要内容是思想实验有助于知识的发展。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, thought experiments are not always about proving something right or wrong with a definite answer. Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance.(然而，思想实验并不总是用一个明确的答案来证明某事是对还是错。相反，通过使抽象的、复杂的想法更具体、更容易理解，思维实验可以激发辩论，并使我们对所讨论的主题有更全面的理解，使我们能够探索具有现实意义的给定假设的结果)”可知，思想实验能够让我们对所讨论的主题有更全面的理解，使我们能够探索具有现实意义的给定假设的结果。由此推知，作者很可能同意思想实验有助于间接解决现实生活中的问题。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“This intuitive (直觉的) thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity and later came to be known as one of Einstein’s most famous thought experiments.(这种直觉思维后来在他的狭义相对论的发展中发挥了重要作用，后来被认为是爱因斯坦最著名的思想实验之一)”及第二段中的“Thought experiments, put simply, are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind. Or, they take place in the imagination.(简单地说，思想实验是在思想实验室中进行的实验。或者，它们发生在想象中)”及下文内容可知，全文从定义、起源、功能到价值，始终聚焦“思想实验”本身，而非爱因斯坦个人、实验史或操作指南。由此可知，Thought Experiments and Their Values(思想实验及其价值)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance. 【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句。by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible是方式状语， allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis……作结果状语。which has real-life significance是定语从句修饰先行词 hypothesis。 【翻译】相反，通过使抽象、复杂的想法更具体、更易于理解，思想实验可以刺激辩论，并导致对所讨论的话题有更彻底的理解，允许我们探索一个具有现实意义的假设的结果。 Passage 3 阅读七选五 （2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三下学期第二次模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not. But where do our new ideas come from? Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process. Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. 2 Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱). But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere? Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. 3 However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. 4 It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not. 5 But creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions. Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain. A．The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup. B．We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike. C．The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well. D．If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it. E．While Cicoria’s music is beautiful, it shares the same structure and progression as the composer he likes. F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind. G．He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．G 5．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人类创新思想从哪里来。 1．下文“We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not. (我们创造了数百种文化，创造了数百万个新故事。我们周围的事物以前从未存在过，而猪、羊驼和金鱼却没有)”说明我们人类相比其他生物而言，具有巨大的创造力，选项A“创造新事物的动力是我们生物构成的一部分。”概括引领下文，说明创造力是我们人类生物构成的一部分。故选A项。 2．上文“Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process.(通过人类活动的历史，现有技术促进了创造过程)”等内容说明历史上已有的技术促进了创造过程，选项C“对历史的挖掘不仅发生在技术领域，也发生在艺术领域。”承接上文，说明不只是技术方面的创新，艺术创作也需要对历史的挖掘，引出下文“Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).(甚至在毕加索的画作《阿维尼翁少女》中，我们也能找到它的谱系)”举例说明艺术创作也能从历史上找到根源。故选C项。 3．上文“But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere? Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. (但是，是否会有这样的时刻，一个人突然有了一个不知道从哪里来的想法？以一位名叫Anthony Cicoria的外科医生为例，1994年，他在室外公用电话上与母亲通话时被一道闪电击中。几周后，他意外地开始作曲，并在随后的几年里介绍了他的音乐作品)”介绍了一个意外事件导致外科医生创作音乐作品的故事，选项D“如果有一个创造力凭空产生的例子，这可能就是它了。”承接上文，说明这好像这是一个创造力凭空产生的例子。故选D项。 4．上文“However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. (然而，仔细观察，Cicoria也依赖于他周围的原材料)”说明Cicoria的创造力也依赖于他已知的知识，选项G“他回忆说，事故发生后，他产生了一种强烈的愿望，想听19世纪的钢琴音乐。”承接上文，解释Cicoria的创造力的来源是19世纪的钢琴音乐，引出下文“It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.(很难知道雷击对他的大脑造成了什么影响，但很明显，他迅速吸收了这些音乐产品。他突然对作曲的渴望可能是凭空而来的，但他的基本创作过程却并非如此)”进一步解释Cicoria的对作曲创造的来源是已有的音乐作品。故选G项。 5．下文“But creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions. Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.(但是创意是从已有的记忆和印象中发展而来的。新想法不是由闪电点燃的，而是由大脑巨大的黑暗中数十亿微小的火花交织而成的)”转折说明新想法不是由闪电点燃的，是从已有的记忆和印象中发展而来的，选项B“我们人类总是在等待创造性的闪电来袭。”和下文存在转折关系，引领下文，说明人类总是希望创造力能够突然得到。故选B项。 Passage 4 完形填空 （2026·河北省邢台市NT20名校联合体高三月考） I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, a medical researcher there. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely 1 the food. We could not have felt more 2 . Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. 3 darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too? ” I was surprised. After I 4 to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the 5 that existed in his world. where the unknown and undiscovered was 6 and amazing. Anything was possible. In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. I can, from my computer at home, 7 satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more moons to search for, little 8 to discover. Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How 9 are we? The question of what we know and do not know 10 bother me. I began to 11 newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they 12 . In looking into the 13 of biological discovery, I also began to find a collection of scientists, who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), and even at the risk of the 14 of their peers. We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new 15 more often than not, we do not even know its name. 1．A．produce B．recognize C．attain D．prepare 2．A．conservative B．familiar C．foreign D．natural 3．A．As B．If C．Once D．Although 4．A．announced B．committed C．complained D．responded 5．A．differences B．possibilities C．definitions D．expressions 6．A．suspicious B．similar C．absurd D．vast 7．A．take up B．pull up C．pick up D．make up 8．A．kept B．banned C．left D．bounded 9．A．accessible B．elegant C．ignorant D．relevant 10．A．instantly B．constantly C．occasionally D．absolutely 11．A．evaluate B．seize C．polish D．collect 12．A．appeared B．existed C．formed D．quitted 13．A．fictions B．plots C．stories D．moments 14．A．tease B．envy C．support D．admiration 15．A．updates B．settles C．develops D．emerges 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过和朋友的对话引起对科学研究的思考，在知识的海洋里人们还有许多未知和未发现的事物，一切皆有可能，从而得知，在科学研究中要大胆设想，积极探索。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当地的风俗习惯，甚至对当地的食物也不完全了解。A. produce生产；B. recognize认出；C. attain获得；D. prepare准备。根据前文“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs”可知推知，他们认不出当地的食物。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们感到无比陌生。A. conservative保守的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. foreign外国的，陌生的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely 　　1　　 the food.”可知，他们对那里很陌生。故选C项。 3．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当夜幕降临，比赛结束时，守门员Juan走向我，用一种实事求是的方式说，“你家里也有月亮吗？”A. As当……时，因为；B. If如果；C. Once一旦；D. Although虽然。分析句意可知，后文“the goal keeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way”和前文“darkness came over the field and the match ended”是时间关系，表示“当......时候”。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回答Juan说，是的，我对他的世界里存在的可能性感到敬畏。A. announced宣布；B. committed犯罪；C. complained抱怨；D. responded回应。根据语境和后文“that yes”可知，这是作者在回应Juan。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回答Juan说，是的，我对他的世界里存在的可能性感到敬畏。A. differences差异；B. possibilities可能；C. definitions定义；D. expressions表达。根据后文“where the unknown and undiscovered was 　　6　　 and amazing. Anything was possible.”可知，Juan的思想里，一直在探索着世界的未知，作者认为他的世界里存在着各种可能。故选B项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的未知和未被发现的事情是巨大并惊人的。A. suspicious可疑的；B. similar相似的；C. absurd荒谬的；D. vast巨大的，辽阔的。根据后文“Anything was possible.”以及“Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown.”可知，世界上未知和未被发现的事情数量是巨大的。故选D项。 7．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可以通过家里的电脑，调出Juan所在村庄的卫星图像。A. take up拿起，开始从事；B. pull up拔出，拉出，调出（卫星图像）；C. pick up捡起；D. make up构成。根据前文“from my computer”及后文“satellite images of Juan’s village”可知，通过电脑，把某地的卫星图像调出来。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有更多的月亮可以寻找了，没有什么剩余的可以发现了。A. kept保持；B. banned禁止；C. left离开，遗留，剩余；D. bounded限制。根据语境和前文“There are no more moons to search for”可知，卫星图像放大到最后，就没有什么剩余的东西可以发现了。故选C项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们有多无知？ A. accessible可接近的；B. elegant优雅的；C. ignorant无知的；D. relevant相关的。根据前文“I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown”和后文“The question of what we know and do not know 　　10　　 bother me.”可知，对于整个未知世界，我们是非常无知的。故选C项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们知道什么和不知道什么，这个问题一直困扰着我。A. instantly立即；B. constantly持续地；C. occasionally偶尔地；D. absolutely绝对地。根据前文“The question of what we know and do not know”以及后文所表达作者不断的探索研究和发现，可知，这个问题一直困扰着作者。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始收集有关新物种的报纸文章，这些新物种不断出现。A. evaluate评估；B. seize抓住；C. polish润色；D. collect收集。根据语境和后文“newspaper articles about new species”等内容可知，作者开始收集有关新物种的报纸文章，对世界上的未知事物进行探索和研究。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始收集有关新物种的报纸文章，这些新物种不断出现。A. appeared出现；B. existed存在；C. formed形成；D. quitted退出。根据后文“In looking into the 　　13　　 of biological discovery”可知，此处指新物种的出现。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在研究生物学发现的故事时，我也开始发现一群科学家，他们经常对常见现象关注得筋疲力尽，甚至冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。A. fictions小说；B. plots故事情节；C. stories故事，历史；D. moments时刻。根据前文“I began to 　　11　　 newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they 　　12　　.”和后文“of biological discovery”可知，此处指生物学新发现的经历，即故事。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在研究生物学发现的故事时，我也开始发现一群科学家，他们经常对常见现象关注得筋疲力尽，甚至冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。A. tease取笑，戏弄；B. envy嫉妒；C. support支持；D. admiration钦佩。根据前文“who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion”和“the risk”及后文“their peers”可以推知，科学家对常见的现象全力以赴地进行研究，去探索并发现常人所不能发现的科学现象和科学规律，常人不能理解，甚至会嘲笑这些貌似平常的科学研究。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当新事物出现时，我们往往连它的名字都不知道。A. updates更新；B. settles解决，定居；C. develops发展；D. emerges浮现，出现。基于前文的分析和前文“We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. ”及后文“we do not even know its name”可知，在探索中，原以为那里不存在生物，新物种却出现了，人们来不及给它命名。故选D项。 Passage 5 语法填空 （2026·黑龙江省高三月考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma on May 23rd in Southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, with the world’s highest automatic meteorological station successfully 1 (improve). The scientists reached the peak at around 12:30 p.m. on May 23rd, 2 was the second time a Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above 8,000 meters since 2022. Recently, several leading technologies 3 (apply) in China’s Peak Mission expedition by a total of 170 scientists who 4 (be) conducting research on water, ecology and other activities during the 2023 expedition to Mount Qomolangma as part of the second comprehensive 5 (science) expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At 3 a.m on May 23rd, a group of 13 scientists 6 (form) the expedition team set off from the 8,300-meter high camp at Mount Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West. After 7 8-hour climb, they reached the world’s highest automatic weather observation station at 8,830 meters above sea level around 11 a.m. The team secured fixed steel ropes, replaced batteries, installed a wind speed 8 direction sensor at the station. After 9 (approximate) one hour of work, the scientists successfully completed the maintenance and upgrade of the automatic weather station. Currently, automated weather 10 (station) at 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters on Mount Qomolangma have completed their technical upgrades. 【答案】 1．improved 2．which 3．have been applied 4．are 5．scientific 6．forming 7．an 8．and 9．approximately 10．stations 【来源】内蒙古赤峰市2023-2024学年高三上学期十月联考卷英语试题 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了13名中国科学家成功登顶中国西南部西藏自治区的珠穆朗玛峰，并成功改进了世界上最高的自动气象站的过程。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：13名中国科学家成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，并成功改善了世界上最高的自动气象站。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+非谓语动词”，且station“站”和improve“改善”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词improved。故填improved。 2．考查定语从句。句意：科学家们于2022年5月23日中午12点30分左右登顶珠峰，这是自2022年以来中国登山队第二次登顶海拔8000米以上。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，修饰前面的主句，且此定语从句中缺少主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 3．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。根据空前的Recently，可知时态需用现在完成时，又因technology“技术”和apply“应用”之间是被动关系，故此处的apply需用现在完成时的被动语态have been applied。故填have been applied。 4．考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，此句是who引导的非限制性定语从句，从句的先行词是scientists，且根据3空用现在完成时和空后的conducting可知，该从句用现在进行时。故填are。 5．考查形容词。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词scientific“科学的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词expedition。故填scientific。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：5月23日凌晨3点，一支由13名科学家组成的探险队从海拔8300米的珠穆朗玛峰营地出发。分析句子结构可知，本空用现在分词forming“构成”，作定语，修饰名词scientists。故填forming。 7．考查冠词。句意：经过8个小时的攀登，他们在上午11点左右到达了海拔8830米的世界上最高的自动气象观测站。分析句子结构可知，本空填不定冠词表示泛指，用来修饰8-hour-climb，eight是以元音音素开头的，故填不定冠词an，表示“一个”。故填an。 8．考查连词。句意：科考队加固了固定的钢绳，更换了电池，在空间站安装了风速和风向传感器。分析句子结构可知，wind speed“风速”和direction“方向”是并列关系，故用并列连词and连接。故填and。 9．考查副词。句意：经过大约一个小时的工作，科学家们成功地完成了自动气象站的维护和升级。副词approximately意为“大约”，一般用于所修饰的数词之前，故用来修饰one hour of work用approximately。故填approximately。 10．考查名词。句意：目前，珠穆朗玛峰海拔7790米和8300米的自动气象站已经完成了技术升级。通过句子后面的谓语动词have completed，可知，主语需用station的复数形式stations。故填stations。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $