Unit 2 期中复习（语法专练）2025-2026学年人教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过结构化框架系统梳理了情态动词can/could的知识体系，将核心用法对比、特别提醒及中考常考考点按“基础用法-语境辨析-考点突破”的逻辑组织，并用对比表格呈现can与could在许可、请求表达及时态运用上的差异，清晰展示句型结构与回答规则，凸显知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义的亮点在于分层递进的练习设计，基础过关设置单选（如“Could you pass me the salt?”考查委婉请求）、填空（用can't表否定推测）巩固基础，能力提升通过完形填空（结合语境区分was/were able to与could的时态差异）、短文填空（联系家庭生活场景运用情态动词）深化应用，有效培养学生的语言能力与思维品质。不同层次题目满足差异化需求，教师可据此实施精准复习教学，助力学生系统掌握考点。

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home期中考试复习 Grammar Focus 【语法知识复习】 1. 核心用法对比情态动词can/could can could 用法 句型 用法 句型 •表示许可。Eg：You can play balls in the yard. •表示请求。Eg：Can you help me with my maths? •肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+其他。eg：You can watch TV. •否定句：主语+can’t/cannot+动词原形+其他。eg：We can’t talk in the library. •一般疑问句：Can+主语+动原+其他。肯定回答：Yes, 主语+can. 否定回答：No, 主语+can’t。 eg:—Can you tell me this story? —Yes, I can./No, Ican’t. •表示请求，可以和can互换，但could语气比can语气更委婉、客气。 •“ Could you+动原+其他？”用于星球对方做某事。意为“你能……吗？” •“ Could I +动原+其他？”用于请求对方允许自己做某事，意为“我能……吗？” •肯定回答：Certainly./ Of course./ Yes, sure./ It’s OK./...(不用could） •否定回答：Sorry/ No, you can’t./...（不用could） 问句 回答 2. 特别提醒 • could 表示过去的能力时，通常指过去泛指的、长期拥有的能力。若要表示“过去某次能够成功做成某事”，通常使用 was/were able to。 例：After hours of effort, they were able to put out the fire. (不能用could) • 回答以 Could you...? 开头的委婉请求时，不可用 "Yes, I could."，而应用 "Yes, I can." 或 "Sure." 等，因为请求是针对现在行为的。 3. 中考常考考点 • 语境辨析：在单项选择或完形填空中，根据时间状语（如now, last year）或上下文语境，判断使用表示“能力/许可”的 can 还是 could。 • 委婉程度：在情景对话中，考查 Could you...? 比 Can you...? 更礼貌、正式，是高频考点。 • 否定意义：考查 can't 表示“不可能”的推测意义，以及对 Can I...? 的否定回答 No, you can't。 • 时态区分：在完成句子或句型转换中，考查 could 与 was/were able to 在表示“过去具体某次成功做到”时的区别。 【基础过关】 I. 单项选择 1.— ______ you pass me the salt, please? — Sure. Here you are. A. Could B. Can't C. Must D. Should 2. My grandfather ______ drive a car last year, but now he can't because of his poor eyesight. A. can B. could C. may D. must 3. — Mom, can I watch TV for a while? — No, you ______. You must finish your homework first. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 4. —The problem is very simple. —A child ______ understand it. A. must B. should C. can D. need 5. — I didn't see you at the meeting yesterday. — I'm sorry. I ______ come because I had a high fever. A. can't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't II. 用 can, can't, could, couldn't 填空 6. I'm sorry I ________ help you yesterday. I was too busy. 7. ________ I use your dictionary? Mine is at home. 8. He ________ be in the library. I just saw him playing basketball on the playground. 9. When she was young, she ________ run very fast. 10. — ________ you play the piano? — Yes, I ________. I started learning when I was six. III. 根据语境或提示完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。 11. — Lily, could you pass the paper to me? — ______, _________. Here you are. 12. — Could we go to the zoo this weekend? — _____ _______. It’s a good place to relax ourselves. 13. — Could you help me do my housework? — ________, ______ ______. I'm a little tired. 14. — Could I borrow your bike this afternoon? — __________,__________ ________. My bike is broken. 15. — Sir, we are watching the movie. Could you please ______ ______(talk) on the phone here. — Oh, sorry, I won’t do that. 【能力提升】 I. 完形填空。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 (2024-2025·延安市期末改编) Wu Tao took his family to watch a sitcom last Sunday. It 1 ______ Wu Tao’s first time to see a sitcom. He was very excited. The sitcom is about a family. Dad is a funny man. He always tells jokes 2 ______ everyone. Mum is serious, but Dad’s jokes always make her laugh. Their 3 ______ name is Nick. Although he often makes mistakes, he is cute. At first, Nick wants 4 ______ a dog but his mother doesn’t want it. She doesn’t think Nick can take care of a dog. Nick feels 5 _______, Wu Tao is also sad to see this. But then Nick’s father brings a dog home for Nick. He tells Nick, “You can try keeping 6 ______ for a week. 7 ______ you can take care of it by yourself, you’ll be able to keep it.” In the following(接下来的) days, Nick does his best to take care of the dog. At the end of the story. Nick’s mother agrees with 8 ______ about keeping the dog, because Nick teaches the dog 9 ______ and the dog brings a lot of fun to Nick’s family. After Wu Tao 10 ______ watching the sitcom, he was really happy for Nick. ( )1. A. was B. is C. were D. are ( )2. A. at B. of C. to D. from ( )3. A. child’s B. child C. children’s D. children ( )4. A. send B. to send C. keep D. to keep ( )5. A. sadly B. sad C. gladly D. glad ( )6. A. a dog B. dog C. the dog D. the dogs ( )7. A. If B. Although C. And D. But ( )8. A. himself B. he C. his D. him ( )9. A. good B. well C. better D. best ( )10.A.finishes B.finished C.will finish D.is finishing II. 阅读理解。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Do you often do housework? Most of us may answer, “No, never.” Most of us think housework is boring—even cleaning the room or cooking is boring. However, the fact is that someone has to do it. Who? 11._______ 12._______ However, if we all do some housework, it will seem less annoying(恼人的). Why does your mother have to wash your dirty dishes? Part of growing up is being able to take care of yourself. Some of us may think that we are so busy that we can’t do housework. But most parents work all day and are then expected to keep a clean house! 13._______ It seems much better to have three or more people together keep the house clean. Cooking is one part of housework. It can be very fun if you are creative. 14._______ If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will show others that you have a very special talent. Don’t be afraid to help around the house. Your parents will greatly like it. Next time you see something that needs doing at home, do it yourself and show that you can do anything! 15. _______ You can do it easily and it also helps you to understand the idea of fairness. A. Doing housework is really boring. B. Learning how to cook a meal is a great skill. C. Anyway, doing housework is not so difficult. D. So, why not share housework with. E. Our parents spend most of the time doing housework. Ⅲ. 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词） must tired happy usual member I do hour change day When I was in primary school, I just needed to study. My parents would do all the housework. I often threw my things everywhere. So our house was 16 ______ in a mess. One day, when my mother went home after work and found a lot of rubbish in our house, she was so angry with me. And she told me that I 17 ______ do some housework from then on. At first, I was 18 ______, because I thought housework was what parents should do. Although I didn’t want to do the housework, I followed what my mother said. That day, I spent three 19 ______ cleaning up all the rooms. After finishing it, I was so 20 ______. At that time, I understood doing housework was actually harder than I used to imagine. How tired my parents were! They had to do housework after a whole 21 ______ work. I thought I must share the housework with them, so I began to learn to 22 ______ more housework. They were glad to see my 23 _______ Now I have a much closer relationship with 24 ______ parents. As a(n)25._______ of a family, we should share the house work together and help our parents as much as possible. 参考答案： 【基础过关】 1~5 ABCCB 6. couldn’t 7.Can 8. could 9. could 10.can 11. Yes; sure 12. Of course 13. Sorry, I can’t 14.Sorry/No, you can’t 15. not talk 【能力提升】 1~5 ACADB 6~10 CADBB 11~15 EADBC 16.usually 17.must 18.unhappy 19.hours 20.tired 21.day’s 22.do 23.change 24.my 25.member 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $