Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures-Assessing Your Progress.配套练习-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters.第2课时Discovering Useful Structures-Assessing Your Progress.配套练习 Part1 基础过关 一、根据不同语境写出划线词语的意思。 1.(1) These robots can welcome guests, deliver food and drinks, and even transport dirty dishes back to the kitchen. ______ (2) The field of eMedicine developed in the 1970s as a way to deliver health care to patients in remote areas, though its growth was slow. ______ (3)Many people get stage fright before delivering a speech, but this nervous energy can actually help to motivate them. __________ 2.(1)It can be tough to find the motivation to do an outdoor workout once winter strikes with low temperatures, rain and dark nights.____________ (2) Big companies prefer robots as they do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day.______ 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The Molai Forest, named after its creator, was once an area _____________(strike) by floods. 2.The Internet has the power __________(connect) people across the world to a single shared community, enabling us to achieve almost anything online. 3.New discoveries made at the Sanxingdui Ruins can aid people in _______(get) more knowledge of traditional Chinese culture. 3.New discoveries made at the Sanxingdui Ruins can aid people in _______(get) more knowledge of traditional Chinese culture. 5.In summary, what you do after studying could have a big effect ____ how well you learn and remember. 6.Apart from carrying out the experiments, the three astronauts received the Tianzhou-8 cargo craft, which arrived with ________(supply). 7.During our picnic in the open air, we were cooking ______ it suddenly began to rain heavily. 8.To preserve the ________(survive) of wild pandas, the park is divided into core protection areas and general control areas. Part2 语法过关 三、语篇填空。 Lily, a passionate travel blogger 1._________ has spent over five years exploring the world and has visited more than 30 countries shared her amazing adventures with her followers. The first country 2._____ she ever set foot in was Japan. It was one of the countries 3.__________left the deepest impression on her with its unique blend of ancient traditions and modern technology. There, she met a local guide 4._______ stories about the history and culture of each region made her trip truly unforgettable. During her journey, Lily also joined a tourist group 5._______ members were from all walks of life. The attracting stories and people 6._____ they talked about fascinated her. In Italy, Lily wandered through the charming streets of Rome and encountered a small shop. She bought a leather handbag and it was the most beautiful item 7._____ she had ever added to her collection. Lily believes people 8._________ often travel will live a happier life than those 9._____ don't. It is these precious experiences 10.__________ she will always hold dear that broadened her horizons. 四、语法填空。 An earthquake early warning system(系统) which uses AI technology to predict how the ground will move can give several seconds' advance notice that the shaking is coming. A similar system already 1._____________(appear)—ShakeAlert. It uses 2.__________(tradition) computing power and works by 3._________(record) the first waves of 4.____earthquake — P waves — and then predicting when the set of waves 5.__________cause most of the shaking — slower-moving S waves — will arrive. The new system 6._________(call) DeepShake, and it also aims 7.__________(provide) a few seconds' warning of imminent (即将发生的) shaking once an earthquake has started. However, DeepShake uses a type 8.___ AI learning technique. This could lead to faster and more effective processing across different earthquake areas. “When we set out on this project, our goal was to beat previous prediction equations (方程) that are 9._________(present) used to program earthquake warning systems,” said Avoy Datta, who was part of the team that developed DeepShake. “They are very slow 10.__________(compare) with DeepShake. They need supercomputers but now it takes minutes and hours to process. If we run 25 DeepShake models, it only takes around 6.1 milliseconds to process on a single research GPU. This is going to be very fast.” Part3 阅读过关 五、阅读理解。 A篇 Scientists say they've discovered an earthquake-like event that can happen during a hurricane or other storms. Researchers called it a “stormquake” after studying events caused by earthquakes on the sea floor during such storms. Strong energy from hurricanes and other severe storms can create very large waves in the ocean. “These waves then interact in some places with solid earth under the sea to cause intense seismic(地震的) source activity,” said the leading researcher Fan, a professor at Florida State University, “The exciting part is that seismic sources caused by hurricanes can last for hours or even days.” The researchers found evidence of more than 10,000 stormquakes between 2006 and 2019 in coastal areas of the U.S. and Canada, which have happened around sea floors containing flat land and at lower depths. But it was not known until recently that such events even existed. This is mainly because scientists studying earthquakes had generally considered ocean-caused seismic waves as “background noise”. The research found major U.S. hurricanes had produced a lot of stormquakes. One example was Hurricane Bill in 2009 in the Atlantic Ocean, causing about 300 stormquakes as it moved north. But no such activity was recorded in areas along the U.S. East Coast. The team noted that even Hurricane Sandy, one of the biggest storms in U.S. history, did not cause a single stormquake. Fan says this suggests that stormquakes are strongly influenced by the physical shape of the sea floor's surface and conditions. Fan added that there are still “lots of unknowns” about stormquakes. But he said discovering them “suggests we are reaching a new level of understanding seismic waves”. He hopes the discovery will lead to improving the study methods for hurricanes, which in the past were mainly observed from satellites in the sky. “Now we are able to understand it—or at least track part of its route—through the solid earth as well,” he said. 1.What is the characteristic of a stormquake according to this passage?( ) A.Being seasonal. B.Being unexpected. C.Being long-lasting. D.Being global. 2.Why were stormquakes unknown to science before?( ) A.They were ignored by scientists. B.They were hardly seen on the Earth. C.They were similar to common earthquakes. D.They generally happened in deep sea floors. 3.What message is conveyed in paragraph 4?( ) A.All hurricanes don't lead to stormquakes. B.Stormquakes happen more along the East Coast. C.Stormquakes influence the sea floor's conditions. D.Stronger hurricanes produce bigger stormquakes. 4.What is the significance of the discovery?( ) A.Helping to predict an earthquake more exactly. B.Offering a different view on hurricane researches. C.Suggesting the richness of the seismic wave field. D.Preventing possible hurricanes and lessening losses. B篇 It is hardly surprising that rivers have been an important part of human history: They provide food, freshwater, and rich land for growing crops. While water is crucial to life, it can be a destructive force, too. When rivers flood, the effects can be destructive. Flooding is one of the most common types of natural disasters, and it is often fatal(灾难性的). While floods bring damage, they also bring nutrients and essential components for life. Seasonal floods can renew ecosystems, providing life-giving waters in more ways than one. Floods transport vital nutrients to the surrounding land. When the water flows away, it leaves nutrients behind on the floodplain. This rich, natural fertilizer(肥料) improves soil quality and has a positive effect on plant growth, thus increasing productivity in the ecosystem. Ancient civilizations first arose along the deltas(三角洲) of seasonally flooded rivers, such as the Nile in Egypt, because they provided rich soil for farmlands. Floods can supply underground water sources. Floodwater gets absorbed into the ground, and then percolates through layers of soil and rock, eventually reaching underground aquifers(含水层). These aquifers supply clean freshwater to springs, wells, lakes, and rivers. Ecosystems rely heavily on groundwater during dry spells when it may be the only supply of freshwater available. A good supply of groundwater has a great impact on soil health and leads to more productive crop and pasture lands. Floods are a force of nature, and their results, both positive and negative, are strongly felt by affected ecosystems. Floods can be destructive to humans and the natural environment, but they also help to drive biodiversity and are essential to the functioning of many ecosystems. Whether you consider floods to be good or bad, one thing is for certain: The world would be a very different place without them. 1.What directly caused the Nile to be one of the birthplaces of ancient civilizations?( ) A.The nutrients on the floodplain. B.The plant growth on the farmland. C.The soil quality improved by fertilizer. D.The groundwater sources in the ecosystem. 2.What do the underlined words “percolates through” mean in paragraph 3?( ) A.Lifts up. B.Flows into. C.Runs over. D.Breaks down. 3.What is the author's attitude towards floods?( ) A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent. C.Objective. D.Supportive. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?( ) A.The Results of Floods on Agriculture B.The History of Flooding in Ecosystems C.Rivers: A Source of Natural Environment D.Floods: A Force for Destruction and Renewal 六、七选五。 Disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes or wildfires are typically unexpected, sudden and overwhelming. For many people, there are no outwardly visible signs of physical injury, but there can be an emotional damage. 1.___ Understanding responses to painful events can help you deal effectively with your feelings, thoughts, and behaviors, and help you along the path to recovery. Luckily, most people are resilient(有适应力的) and over time are able to bounce back. It is common for people to experience the immediate consequences. Within a few months, however, most people are able to resume functioning as they did before the disaster. 2.___ Give yourself time to adjust. Anticipate that this will be a difficult time in your life. 3.___ And try to be patient with changes in your emotional state. Engage in healthy behaviors to improve your ability to deal with extreme stress. Eat well-balanced meals and get plenty of rest. If you experience ongoing difficulties with sleep, you may be able to find some relief through relaxation techniques. Establish or reestablish routines. This can include eating meals at regular times, sleeping and waking in a regular cycle, or following an exercise program. 4.___ For example, pursuing a hobby, or reading a good book is just among the recommended helpful routines. 5.___ Switching careers or jobs and other important decisions tend to be highly stressful in their own right and even harder to take on when you are recovering from a disaster. ( A.Avoid making major life decisions. B.Be brave enough to make critical life decisions. C.Allow yourself to feel sad about the losses you have experienced. D.Join those who have the similar experiences with you to ease your pain. E.Try to get involved in something you look forward to during these painful times. F.It is common for people who have experienced disasters to have strong emotional reactions. G.It is of great importance to remember that resilience and recovery are normal, not the lasting pain. ) 参考答案 一、传送；提供；发表演讲；爆发，侵袭；罢工 二、struck/stricken；to connect；getting；length；on；supplies；when；survival 三、who/that；that；that/which；whose；whose；that；that；who/that；who；that/which 四、has appeared；traditional；recording；an；that/which；is called；to provide；of；presently；compared 五、A篇：CAAB B篇：CBCD 六、FGCEA ( 1 ) 学科网（北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $