Unit 4 Then and now（期中知识清单）英语译林版三起六年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了牛津译林版六年级上册Unit 4的核心内容，涵盖词汇用法、语法考点、写作指导及综合训练，知识组织从基础用法解析到语境应用练习，搭建从词汇辨析到句型转换再到语篇写作的递进式学习支架。 清单以六大语法考点为框架，每个考点采用“解析-例句-注意事项-练习题”四步设计，如“use与with用法对比”明确谓语动词有无的判断规则，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别配有“写作句型模板”和“易混词区分表”，如look/see/watch/read的功能差异表，助力学生自主梳理知识，教师可直接用于课堂分层教学，提升复习针对性与效率。

知识清单·牛津译林版六年级上册 Unit 4 Then and now 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】use的用法 【考点二】anywhere的用法 【考点三】一般过去式情态动词could的用法 【考点四】一般现在时的用法 【考点五】look, see, watch 和 read的区分 【考点六】look out of和look out的区分 考点一：use的用法 He used the telephone at home and in the office to call people. 他在家和办公室使用电话给人们打电话。 【解析】 (1)use sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用…… 做 【例句】We use water to wash hands. =We wash hands with water. 我们用水洗手。 (2)use 和 with 都有用的意思，use 是动词，with 是介词，用法不同 “和” I played football with my brother last Sunday. “长着” The boy with a big nose is my brother.with的用法 “拥有” I have a new house with a big garden. “用” Make a sentence with “egg”. 注意：句中有谓语动词时，选介词 “with” 表示用，句中无谓语动词时，选动词 “use”。 【大显身手】 一、单项选择题。 ( )1. —______ you ______ a ruler to draw? —Yes, I do. A. Do; use B. Are; use C. Do; with ( )2. The man ______ a black coat is my uncle. A. use B. with C. uses ( )3. They ______ water ______ water the flowers. A. with; to B. use; to C. use; with ( )4. —How do you make a card? —I make it ______ paper and scissors. A. use B. with C. uses ( )5. I ______ my phone ______ call my mother every day. A.use; to B. with; to C. use; with 考点二：anywhere的用法 Now he has a mobile phone and he can call people anywhere. 现在他有一个手机，可以随处给人们打电话。 【解析】 （1）anywhere 的用法:用于肯定句中意为 “随处、到处” 【例句】You can find beautiful flowers anywhere in this garden. 在这个花园里，你随处都能找到美丽的花朵。 （2）anywhere 和 somewhere的区别： 共同点：意为“任何地方” （3）anywhere用于否定句和疑问句中； 【例句】Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend? 你上周末去了什么有趣的地方吗？ （4）somewhere则用于“肯定句”中。 【例句】I went somewhere interesting last weekend. 我上周去了一些有趣的地方。 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。( )1. You can see green trees ______ in this park. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. anything ( )2. —Did you go ______ special last month? —No, I just stayed at home. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. something ( )3. There is a beautiful lake ______ in this town. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. nowhere 二、句型转换 4. I can find his books anywhere in the room.（改为否定句） I ______ find his books ______ in the room. 5. He went somewhere interesting last year.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ ______ interesting last year? 考点三：一般过去式情态动词could的用法 【解析】 could 是情态动词，它是 can 的过去式，用法同 can，表示过去的状态。 注意：can和could没有人称和数的变化，其后都要接动词原形。即can/could + 动词原形 1. 陈述句：使用方法同 can，could 放在主语之后。 句型结构：主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其它， 如： 【例句】Five years ago, I could read and write. 五年前，我会阅读和写字。 【例句】Six years ago, I could ride a bike. 六年前，我会骑车。 2. 否定句：含有 could 的句子改为否定句时，使用方法同 can，只要在 could 后加 not 即可。 否定形式：can not = can’t, could not = couldn’t 句型结构：主语 + couldn’t + 动词原形 + 其她， 如： 【例句】Five years ago, I couldn’t read or write. 五年前，我不会阅读和写字。 【例句】Six years ago, I couldn’t ride a bike. 六年前，我不会骑车。 3.一般疑问句：使用方法同 can，将 could 提至句首。 句型结构：Could + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + could. 否定回答：No, 主语 + couldn’t. 如： 【例句】Could you write emails twelve years ago? 十二年前你会写电子邮件吗？ 【例句】Could Jack make a toy car two years ago? 杰克两年前会做玩具汽车吗？ 4. could 引导的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + could 引导的一般问句？如： They could ride a bike last year.（对划线部分提问） What could they do last year? 去年他们会干什么？ 【大显身手】 一、单项选择题。 ( )1. —______ you draw pictures two years ago? —Yes, I ______. A. Can; can B. Could; could C. Could; can ( )2. He ______ speak English well when he was ten. A. can B. could C. couldn’t to ( )3. —Could you help me? —______ A. Yes, I could. B. No, I couldn’t. C. Sure, I can. ( )4. They ______ play football five years ago. Now they ______ play it very well. A. could; can B. can; could C. couldn’t; can’t ( )5. —What ______ she ______ yesterday? —She could dance. A. can; do B. could; do C. could; did 考点四：一般现在时的用法 【解析】 一般现在时的定义 1.表示经常性、习惯性动作：比如每天上学、每周打篮球等。 【例句】I go to school every day. 我每天去上学。 2.表示现在的状态：描述人或事物当前的特征、状态等。 【例句】She is very happy. 她很开心。 3.表示客观事实、普遍真理：这些情况不受时间限制，永远是正确的。 【例句】The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的时间标志 1.频度副词：always（总是），usually（通常），often（经常），sometimes（有时） seldom（很少），never（从不） 2.every 构成的短语：every day（每天），every week（每周），every month（每月） 一般现在时的“三单形式” 当句子的主语是第三人称单数（he他，she她，it它，单独的人名、地名、单数可数名词等 ）时， 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，简称“三单形式” 。 动词变为三单形式的规则如下： 1.在动词原形后直接加 s 。如：work - works，play - plays; 2.以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词：在词尾加 es 。例如：watch - watches，box - boxes; 3.以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词：先把 y 变为 i ，再加 es 。如：study - studies 4. 特殊情况：have 的三单形式是 has 。 一般现在时的句型结构 肯定句: 主语 + 动词原形/动词三单形式 + 其他 主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 其他 否定句：主语 + don't/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + be动词 + not + 其他 一般疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 Be + 主语 + 其它？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 其他？ 【大显身手】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1.My father ______ to work by car every day. A. go B. goes C. went ( ) 2. ______ your parents often read books? A. Do B. Does C. Are ( ) 3.The sun ______ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose ( ) 4.I ______ up at 6:30 every morning. A. get B. gets C. got ( ) 5.—______ she ______ English? —Yes, she does. A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Does; likes 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 6.我们每天都做家庭作业。 We ______ ______ homework every day. 7.他不喜欢打篮球。 He ______ ______ playing basketball. 考点五：look, see, watch 和 read的区分 Now he can read and watch news on the Internet. 现在他可以在网上读和看新闻。 【解析】look, see, watch 和 read：这四个单词都表示“看”，但有所区别： look 强调“看”的动作，不能直接加对象，要用 at 连接对象。 Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。 see 强调“看”的结果，意思是“看见，看到”。 I see a bird in the sky. 我看见天空中有一只鸟。 watch 强调“专注地看”，常用来表示看电视、看电影、看比赛等， 如：watch TV 看电视。 read 通常指“阅读” 如：read books 看书，read newspapers 看报纸。 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 单项选择。 ( )1. —What are you doing? —I’m ______ a newspaper. A. looking B. seeing C. reading ( )2. ______ at the picture carefully. What can you ______? A. Look; see B. See; look C. Watch; see ( )3. My mother likes ______ TV plays in her free time. A. looking B. watching C. reading ( )4. The ______ is very important. We all should listen to it. A. news B. newspaper C. book ( )5. —Can you ______ the bird in the tree? —Yes, I can. A.look B. watch C. see 考点六：It’s time......句型的用法 Bobby is looking out of the window. Bobby正在朝窗户外面看。 【解析】“look out of”和“look out” 是两个不同的短语，在含义和用法上都存在区别： （1）look out of 含义：表示“从……朝外看” ，后面需要接表示窗户、门等类似的地点名词，强调看的方向和出处。 【例句】Don't look out of the door while having a class. 上课的时候不要朝门外看。 （2）look out含义：主要表示“当心，小心” ，用来提醒别人注意潜在的危险或问题，相当于 “be careful” 或 “watch out”。 【例句】Look out! There is a car coming. 小心！有辆车来了。 【大显身手】 一、用 look out of 或 look out 填空。 1. ______! The floor is wet. 2. Don't ______ the window in class. 3. ______! There’s a dog in front of you. 4. She likes to ______ the window when she is on the bus. 二、单项选择。 ( )5. —______! A bike is coming. —Thanks. I will be careful. A. Look out of B. Look out C. Look at ( )6. My little sister is ______ the window. She wants to see the birds. A. looking out of B. looking out C. looking at ( )7. When you are on the road, you should ______ for cars. A. look out of B. look out C. look at 写作指引 一、写作。 本单元主要学习了如何对比过去和现在的变化。请你写一篇英文短文，介绍你五年前和现在的变化吧。 要求：1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，表达准确，书写规范； 2. 不少于6句话。 人称：第一人称 时态：一般过去时和一般现在时 要点：过去和现在的对比 （一）写作指导 描述过去到现在的变化 描述自己五年前能做和不能做的事情 句型: I was... I could/couldn't... 词汇: read, write, draw, ride a bike, go to school, speak English, write letters, make friends... 描述自己现在能做和不能做的事情 句型: I'm... I can/can't... 词汇: chat with...all over the world, on the Internet, write emails, read e-books, do the housework... （二）范文： 【开头】I'm Liu Tao. I have a lot of changes（变化）these years（这些年）.【正文】Five years ago, I was short.I could read and draw, but I couldn't play basketball. Now I'm tall. I can play basketball and football very well. In the past（在过去）, I made friends at school. Now I can make friends on QQ or Wechat（微信）. Then, I couldn't speak English. Now I can speak English well.【结尾】What great changes!（多么巨大的变化呀！） 综合训练 一、单项选择题。 ( )1．My father ______ letters to his friends before, now he ______ emails. A．writes; is writing B．wrote; is writing C．wrote, writes ( )2．Liu Tao ______ good at ______. A．wasn’t; sing B．isn’t; sings C．isn’t; singing ( )3．—Where ______ you last Sunday? —I ______ to the farm with my parents. A．did; was B．were; went C．were; was ( )4．He often ______ kites when he was young. A．flies B．flys C．flew ( )5．Six year ago, I couldn’t ______, but now I can. A．wrote B．write C．writes ( )6．I used the telephone ______ my friends twenty years ago. A．calling B．called C．to call ( )7．The girl can make a sentence _____ “foolish”. A．in B．with C．of ( )8．Listen to your teacher. Don’t ________ the window. A．look out of B．look out C．look for ( )9．In the past, we read the newspapers _______ news, but now we read news _______ the Internet. A．in; on B．for; in C．for; on ( )10．My mother usually does ________ and ________ clothes at weekends. A．shopping; washing B．shop; washing C．shopping; washes 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The clever child used some paper ______ (make) a paper box three days ago. 2．My mother often does ______ (shop) on the Internet now. 3．—Did the party go ______ (good) at last? —Yes. 4．Twenty years ago, people _______ (buy) things from small shops. 5．She couldn’t _______ (watch) news on the Internet many years ago. 6．The girl can ride bikes well now. But two years ago she ______________ (can not). 7．Mike could not _____________ (write) with a pen when he was a baby. 8．It _____ (rain) a lot in Yangzhou every summer. 9．My sister often ______ (wash) clothes on Sundays. 10．Jack is a ________ (write). He ________ (write) an interesting story last night. 三、根据中文将句子补充完整。 1．People in China welcome visitors (游客) __________________________ (来自全世界). 2．My grandfather ___________ (看报纸获取新闻) thirty years ago. 3．Now my grandma can read and watch news ___________ (在网上). 4．Thirty years ago, she _______ (交朋友) at school. 5．My father _________ (写信给他的朋友们) twenty years ago. 6．My father __________ (喜欢看电子书). 7．Now many people use Huawei _________ _________ (手机) in the world. 8．The teacher __________ (变得生气) because the boy was late again. 9．Let’s __________ (等待答案) patiently(耐心地). 10．Can you __________ (用……造一个句子) “holiday”, Bobby? 四、选择合适的句子完成对话。(有一项是多余的)。 Grandma: Look at these photos of your mum when she was a child, Sarah. Sarah: Great! How old was she in this photo? Grandma: 1 Sarah: Did she have short hair then? Grandma: 2 Sarah: What was Mum good at? Grandma: 3 Sarah: Wow, what a beautiful dress! Grandma: 4 Sarah: Can I have this photo, please? Grandma: 5 A．Of course. Here you are. B．Yes. I made that for her. C．She was a very nice girl. D．About the same age as you are now. E．No. She never wanted to cut her hair. F．She was good at dancing. 五、句型转换，按要求改写句子。 1．Mrs Brown did shopping on the Internet. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Mrs Brown __________ shopping on the Internet? 2．Mike could swim ten years ago. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ Mike do ten years ago? 3．Helen made a sentence with “egg”. (改同义句) Helen used “egg” ______ ______ a sentence. 4．Mr Brown called people with a telephone twenty years ago. (同义句改写) Mr Brown _________ a telephone _________ _________ people twenty years ago. 5．My sister could read English five years ago. (改为一般疑问句) ________ your sister ________ English five years ago? 6．The students planted trees on the hill. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ the students plant trees? 7．There was some water in the glass just now. (改为否定句) There ________ ________ water in the glass just now. 8．He read books in his bedroom. (改为否定句) He _______ _______ books in his bedroom. 六、看图，根据上下文及首字母提示完成短文。 Look at this photo. My grandma took it thirty years a 1 . She went to the nature park by bus with my grandpa and my father b 2 they didn’t have a car t 3 . In the photo, there were some n 4 on the grass. At that time, my grandpa r 5 newspapers every day, but now he usually uses h 6 mobile phone to w 7 news. My father was a little boy then and he l 8 wearing jeans, but now he works in a big company and he h 9 to wear suits for his w 10 . My father and my grandpa have changed a lot, but they are happy all the time. 七、阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项。 Two hundred years ago, there were no telephones or mobile phones in China. People wrote letters to get in touch with their friends or relatives (亲戚). Once there was an old woman, she lived alone in a village (村庄). Her son was working in the city. One night, she missed her son. She could not get sleep. She wanted to write a letter to him. But she could not read or write. After some time, she got up and knocked on her neighbour’s door (邻居的门). “Mr Lee, could you please write a letter to my son for me?” she asked. It was the middle of the night and Mr Lee wanted to sleep. He didn’t get up or open the door. He said loudly to the woman, “I wish I could help you but I have a problem. My handwriting is very bad at night. Only I can read it. If I write the letter now, I’ll have to visit your son and read the letter to him. Maybe you should come back tomorrow. ( )1. People had no ______ two hundred years ago. A．telephones B．mobile phones C．both A and B ( )2. The old woman asked her neighbour to ______. A．write a letter for her B．read a letter for her C．teach her how to write a letter ( )3. Mr Lee was not ______ with the old woman. A．sad B．angry C．honest (诚实的) ( )4. Mr Lee didn’t want to help the old woman because ______. A.he couldn’t write well at night B．he wanted to sleep C．he couldn’t see well at night ( )5. The underlined word “handwriting” means ______. A．绘画 B．书写 C．视力 参考答案 考点一： 一、1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 考点二： 一、1. A 2. A 3. B 二、4. can’t; anywhere 5. Did; go; anywhere 考点三： 一、1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 考点四： 一、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 二、6. do; our 7. doesn’t; like 考点五： 一、1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 考点六： 一、1. Look out 2. look out of 3. Look out 4. look out of 二、5. B 6. A 7. B 【综合训练】 一、单项选择题 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. to make 2. shopping 3. well 4. bought 5. watch 6. couldn’t 7. write 8. rains 9. washes 10. writer; wrote 三、根据中文将句子补充完整 1. from all over the world 2. read newspapers for news 3. on the Internet 4. made friends 5. wrote letters to his friends 6. likes reading e-books 7. mobile phones 8. got angry 9. wait for the answer 10. make a sentence with 四、选择合适的句子完成对话 1. D 2. E 3. F 4. B 5. A 五、句型转换，按要求改写句子 1. Did; do 2. What; could 3. to; make 4. used; to; call 5. Could; read 6. Where; did 7. wasn’t; any 8. didn’t; read 六、根据首字母提示完成短文 1. ago 2. because 3. then 4. newspapers 5. read 6. his 7. watch 8. liked 9. has 10. work 七、阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $