Unit 3 Section B 词汇讲解单-2025-2026学年人教版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 3 Section B Vocabulary 1. difference n. 【C】&【U】 差异；差别；不同之处 Please read and find out the differences between these characters. It seems that these two coats look the same but there is a big difference in price. 搭配：①make a difference (to...) （对...）有影响/有作用=have an _________ ________ I wonder if our decisions will make a difference to our future. A good friend can make a big difference to you. 同源词：adj. ___________ 不同的 adv. ____________ 不同地 be different __________... 与...不同 I don’t really care if my friends are the same as or different from me. 2. alike adj. 相像的；同样的（不用于名词前，只能做表语） adv. 相似地；同样地 I find it difficult for me to tell the twins apart because they look alike. 3. mirror n. 【C】镜子 A good friend is like a mirror. 4. interest n. 兴趣爱好（常用复数）；利益（常用复数） Surprisingly, the stranger is ten years older than me but has the same interests and hobbies as me ①out of interest 出于兴趣 I begin writing out of interest. ②places of interest 名胜古迹 The Great Wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China. ③lose interest in sth 对某事失去兴趣 ④have (an) interest in sth 对...感兴趣 show (an) interest in sth 对...表现出兴趣 take an interest in sth 对...感兴趣 ⑤interest sb vt. 使感兴趣 They join in the competition that interests them most. 同源词: adj. ____________令人感兴趣的；adj. ___________感兴趣的 be interested in (doing) sth 对（做）某事感兴趣 5. novel n.【C】(长篇小说) My friend and I become more and more interested in reading novels. 6. Sense n. 理解力、判断力；感觉、感官；意思、意义 ①the sense of sight/hearing/taste/touch/smell 视/听/味/触/嗅觉 a sense of ___________ 方向感 a sense of ___________ 成就感 a sense of ___________幽默感 ②make sense 讲得通；有道理；易于理解 The word has many different senses, which makes the sentence doesn’t make sense. Could you explain it again? It doesn’t make sense. v. 意识到；感受到 When listening to his music, we can sense the sadness in it. 7. humour =humor n. 【U】幽默;幽默感 adj. ______________ 幽默的 a sense of humor 幽默感 We use the word “humorous” to describe someone with a sense of humor. 8. thanks to 归功于；幸亏；由于、因为 Thanks to your help, my English becomes much better. 区分：thanks for Thanks for your help. =Thanks for _________ _________. 9. opinion n. 看法、意见；主张 ①in one’s opinion=in one’s eyes 在某人看来 ②express/give one’s opinion 表达某人的观点 ③hold a different opinion持有一个不同观点 In my opinion, reading books is much more enjoyable than watching TV. 10. mistake n. 错误 vt. 弄错、误解 (过去式______________) ①make a mistake 犯错 Everyone makes mistakes. ②learn from the mistake 从错误中吸取教训 ③mistake A for B 错把A当成B I mistook you for your friend. ④by mistake 错误地 Sorry! I took your pen by mistake. 11. less adj.（little的比较级，后接不可数名词）少量的；较少的 adv. 更少/小；较少/小 If you eat ___________ sugar, your teeth will be ____________.你吃的糖越少，牙齿越健康。 = The less sugar you eat, the healthier your teeth will be. =Eat less sugar and your teeth will be healthier. =Eating less sugar will make your teeth healthier. ①less and less 越来越少；越来越小 We have less and less time to watch TV because there are more and more interesting things to do. ②less（...）than 少于；不超过 I make less progress than you. = My progress is less than yours. 12. straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的 比较级_____________________ I am not as straightforward as my friend.=I am ___________ straightforward than my friend. =My friend is ___________ straightforward than me. 13. honest adj.坦诚的；诚实的 adv. honestly诚实地;正当地；坦白说 n. honesty 诚实；正直 反义词：dishonest adj.不诚实的 to be honest =honestly speaking老实说 be honest about sth 坦诚对待某事 be honest with sb 对某人诚实 If you are not honest with people around you, they won’t trust you anymore. 14. direct ①adj. 率直的；直接的 adv直接地;直达地（=directly） We took a direct flight to Hong Kong.= We flew direct/directly to Hong Kong. 我们直飞香港。 ②v.导演；指挥；给...指路 The film is directed by Zhang Yimou, a famous director in China. Could you please direct me to the metro station? 拓展：n. 导演 ______________ 15. similarity n.相似之处 复数______________ ①have some similarities有些相似之处 Although they are from different countries, they have lots of similarities in their hobbies. ②there is a similarity between ... There are many similarities between the two movies. They are both about friendship. ③adj. ______________相似的;类似的 (be) similar __________... 和...相似 How are you similar to your best friend? =What do you have in common with your best friend? 16. friendship n. 【C】&【U】 友谊；友情 ①________ a friendship=__________ a friendship 建立友谊 ②珍惜友情___________ our friendship We all agree that the true friendship is not simply based on similarities and differences. 17. metre=meter n. 米 square meter 平方米 cubic meter 立方米 Our classroom is less than thirty square meters. 18. prince n. 王子 princess n. 公主 The prince came to realize that helping the poor was much harder than he thought. It is kind of the princess to help the pauper though it is easy for her to help the pauper. 19. character n. 人物；个性（常用单数）;符号；字体 ①main character主角 The main character in this novel has a strong character. My friend Miki is better at writing Chinese characters than me. 同源词：characteristic n.【C】（常用复数）特征、特色、特点 adj. 特有的；典型的 main characteristics主要特征personal characteristics个人特征physical characteristics身体特征 20. exchange v. & n. 交换；交流 ①an exchange student 一名交换生 ②cultural exchange activities 文化交流活动 ③exchange sth （with sb） （和某人）交换某物 If you want to get more ideas, you can exchange yours with others. ④exchange A for B用A来交换B I want to exchange the red pen for the blue one. ④exchange money 兑换钱 exchange phone numbers交换电话号码 exchange gifts交换礼物 exchange ideas/information交流想法/信息 21. accident n. 意外;偶然的事；（交通）事故 There was a very serious traffic accident yesterday. ①by accident 偶然；意外地=by ____________=adv意外地______________ I deleted the photo by accident. ②a traffic/car accident 一场交通事故 ③have an accident 出了事故 22. expect v. 预料；期待; 盼望（此时常用于进行时）； 料想（不用于进行时） ①expect to do sth 期待做某事 I always expect to do something different in my spare time. ②expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事 Our teachers expect us to be serious about schoolwork during the holidays. ③expect that+宾语从句 We didn’t expect that he ran faster than any other boy/the other boys in our school. ③as expected正如预料那样；than expected 比预料的更... The test was difficult as expected. 名词形式：___________________ 超出预期_____________________ 23. a silver lining 一线光明 Every cloud has a silver lining. 每朵乌云背后都有阳光（乌云背后的幸福线）。 silver n. 银 adj. 银色的 lining n. 内衬 24. situation n. 情况、状况；形势；处境 ①in a/an ...situation处于一种...的情况下 be in a dangerous situation 处在险境中 be in a difficult situation处于困境中. 25. care about 在意某事；关心某人 care for 照顾；照料=take care of =look after 同源词：_________ adj. 有爱心的 __________ adj.小心的 _________ 粗心的 ____________ adv. 小心地 ______________adv.粗心地 The more ___________ you are, the ____________ mistakes you will make.你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 =The more ____________ you are, the __________ mistakes you will make. =The more ______________ you do your homework, the ____________ mistakes you will make. 26. reach vt. 伸手；到达; 达到（某个阶段、数量、速度等） n.伸手可及的距离 ①reach an agreement 达成一致 ②到达reach+地点=arrive _____+小/______+大=get _____ We didn’t reach/get to/arrive at the top of the mountain till six o’clock. It is reported that the temperature will reach 37 °C again. ①reach for 伸手触碰 I can’t reach for the phone. It is out of my reach. 27. touch ①触摸vt. Touch ab/sth Don’t touch the paintings in the museum. ②感动 vt. touch sb=______ sb ——be ________ / ________ by被...所感动 I was deeply touched by her kindness. Her sad story touched our hearts. ③n.触觉，触感 a sense of touch ④n.联系 get in touch with sb和某人取得联系 I’ll get in touch with you when I arrive. keep in touch with sb和某人保持联系 lose touch with sb和某人失去联系 n. 触摸，联系 拓展： adj. ____________令人感动的（=moving） _____________ adj. 受感动的(=moved) 28. lend sb a hand =give sb a hand 帮助某人 A good friend is someone who are always ready to help each other by__________ a hand. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $