Unit 7 课时5 Word power（分层作业）英语译林版八年级上册

Unit 7 The natural world 课时5 Word power分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1 . system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 2 . cause /kɔːz/ vt. 使发生，造成，导致；n. 原因；理由 3 . damage /ˈd æ mɪdʒ/ vt. 损害，毁坏；n. 损坏，损失；损害 句型 1. The ocean water is becoming dirtier because of different human activities, and this causes corals to die slow ly . 由于人类的各种活动，海水正变得越来越浑浊，这导致珊瑚逐渐死亡。 2. The ocean is getting warmer , and it may not be a friend ly environment for coral reefs. 海洋正在变暖，这对珊瑚礁来说可能不再是适宜的生存环境。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ______________ /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 2. ______________ /kɔːz/ vt. 使发生，造成，导致；n. 原因；理由 3. ______________ /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害，毁坏；n. 损坏，损失；损害 二、根据要求完成句子 1. 由于人类的各种活动，海水正变得越来越浑浊，这导致珊瑚逐渐死亡。 The ocean water is becoming dirtier ______________ ______________ different ______________ ______________, and this ______________ corals to die slowly. 2. 海洋正在变暖，这对珊瑚礁来说可能不再是适宜的生存环境。 The ocean ______________ ______________ ______________, and it may not be a ______________ environment for coral reefs. 三、用所给单词的适合形式填空。 1. The house was ____________ (bad) damaged in the storm. 2. You can ____________ (easily) find the book in the library. 3. We have a ____________ (yearly) school trip in autumn. 4. The old man always speaks ____________ (kindly) to children. 5. The snake's bite can be ____________ (deadly) to humans. 四、选词填空。 ( wildlife, easily, quite a few, topic, caused ) 1. I'm afraid his careless action ____________ the big fire and a great loss. 2. With the help of online information, I can ___________ finish the project. 3. ___________ students like playing basketball after class. 4. There is plenty of ___________, such as giraffes and elephants, living in this area. 5. The ___________ is about protecting the environment. 五、阅读还原。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometers across North Africa.（1）　 　 During the day，temperatures rise above 40'℃，while nights can be very cold. It is one of the toughest（艰难的）environments on Earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there，most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent（圆定的）homes.（2）　 　 The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin，which means "desert people". They depend on goats，sheep，and comes for food and transport. Water is the most important for them，they need water to live，so they must carry enough water are know where to find it.（3）　 　 . A dessert is not defined（定义）by sand but by the lack of rain.（4）　 　 Surprisingly，only 25%，of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel（项）. ( A.Without water，life is impossible. B.Long ago，the Sahara was covered with ice. C.The Sahara is a huge dessert full of sand. D.The weather there can be very different in a day's time. E.To be a desert，a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. F.They move from place to place，carrying everything they need to live. )（5）　 　 Later it turned into grasslands. Over time，it became the desert we see today. Truly the Sahara is place of history and change. 六、阅读表达。 Recently，a father called Daming and his son Dongshun's photos became hot all over China. In the photos， while they are working on the boat on Dongting Lake，lots of fish are jumping into the fish bin（鱼舱）. Dongting Lake is the second freshwater lake in China，and it's home to more than 100 kinds of fishes. But in the past，people threw litter and factories put waste water into the lake. Even worse，a large number of fish were caught by fishermen. Because of pollution and overfishing（过度捕捞），the Yangtze River was in great danger. For example，the Chinese paddlefish have disappeared. Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake. However，life was gradually becoming difficult for Daming and other fishermen. The more times they went to fish，the fewer fish they could get. In January 2020，the government called for a 10﹣year fishing ban（禁渔令），covering 332 conservation areas（保护区） in the Yangtze River. Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger （巡湖员） for years. This job helps him understand how important it is to protect Dongting Lake. "I think this job is meaningful，"he said." As the wind is blowing gently，fish are swimming happily. What a beautiful scene! The fishing ban will lead Dongting Lake to a better future." （1）Why was the Yangtze River in great danger in the past according to the passage？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （2）How did Daming use to make a living？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （3）What did the government call for in January 2020？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （4）What is Dongshun's job now？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （5）What do you think of Dongting Lake's future？（自拟一句话作答） _______________________________________________________________________________ 七、语法填空。 Qomolangma，"the top of the world"，is（1）　 　 （high） and the most dangerous mountain in the world. However，many climbers risk their lives to climb it and know about it. Over 4，000 people （2）　 　 （reach） the top of Qomolangma since 1921.Among them，Kami Rita from Nepal has succeeded in reaching the top the most times. On May 12th，2024，he stood on the top for the （3）　 　 （twenty﹣five） time. The research on Qomolangma never stops（4）　 　 it's dangerous，By studying the rocks and fossils（化石） we know that Qomolangma is over 4.4 hundred million years old and （5）　 　 mountain is getting higher and higher. Can it get higher by（6）　 　 （it）？Of course not. It gets higher because（7）　 　 the crustal movement （地壳运动）. As the number of the （8）　 　 （tourist） becomes larger，there （9）　 　 （be） more and more waste on the mountain.（10）　 　 （protect） the environment of Qomolangma，the government started the waste cleaning﹣up work in 2019. Part 1: Read and Explore Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle （循环） is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the Earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active （活跃的） from March to June in China. In this article，we will learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour （蒸汽）.When it's hot outside，you can see clouds forming （形成） in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground，plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky，it cools down and becomes clouds. After that，clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then，water runs through rivers and oceans and finally comes back to the Earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth's climate （气候）.It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that，it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don't have enough water. Without the cycle，we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place，it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need，it becomes a drought. Besides，water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It's important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature，know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. When is the water cycle most active in China? A. From January to March. B. From March to June. C. From July to September. D. From October to December. 2. What are the key steps of the water cycle mentioned in the passage? (Please write the letters: ______ & ______ & ______) a. Water vapour rises and cools to form clouds. b. Clouds fall back to Earth as rain or snow. c. Water runs through rivers and oceans and returns to the cycle. d. Water freezes into ice in cold areas. Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: Without the water cycle, areas that lack water may ______ (face drought/have floods). The water cycle ______ (can/cannot) help keep Earth cool by taking heat from the sun. If there is too much water in one place due to a broken water cycle, it ______ (may/may not) cause floods. Task 3: Be an Earth Protector（环保建议） 4. If you want to help maintain the normal operation of the water cycle, what can you do in daily life? Use at least one reason from the passage (e.g., protecting water sources, reducing actions that harm the climate). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think the water cycle is more important for living things or for Earth's climate? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the passage. $Unit 7 The natural world 课时5 Word power分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1 . system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 2 . cause /kɔːz/ vt. 使发生，造成，导致；n. 原因；理由 3 . damage /ˈd æ mɪdʒ/ vt. 损害，毁坏；n. 损坏，损失；损害 句型 1. The ocean water is becoming dirtier because of different human activities, and this causes corals to die slow ly . 由于人类的各种活动，海水正变得越来越浑浊，这导致珊瑚逐渐死亡。 2. The ocean is getting warmer , and it may not be a friend ly environment for coral reefs. 海洋正在变暖，这对珊瑚礁来说可能不再是适宜的生存环境。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ______________ /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 2. ______________ /kɔːz/ vt. 使发生，造成，导致；n. 原因；理由 3. ______________ /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害，毁坏；n. 损坏，损失；损害 【答案】1. system 2. cause 3. damage 二、根据要求完成句子 1. 由于人类的各种活动，海水正变得越来越浑浊，这导致珊瑚逐渐死亡。 The ocean water is becoming dirtier ______________ ______________ different ______________ ______________, and this ______________ corals to die slowly. 2. 海洋正在变暖，这对珊瑚礁来说可能不再是适宜的生存环境。 The ocean ______________ ______________ ______________, and it may not be a ______________ environment for coral reefs. 【答案】1. because of ; human activities; causes 2. is getting warmer; friendly 三、用所给单词的适合形式填空。 1. The house was ____________ (bad) damaged in the storm. 2. You can ____________ (easily) find the book in the library. 3. We have a ____________ (yearly) school trip in autumn. 4. The old man always speaks ____________ (kindly) to children. 5. The snake's bite can be ____________ (deadly) to humans. 【答案】1. badly 2. easily 3. yearly 4. kindly 5. deadly 四、选词填空。 ( wildlife, easily, quite a few, topic, caused ) 1. I'm afraid his careless action ____________ the big fire and a great loss. 2. With the help of online information, I can ___________ finish the project. 3. ___________ students like playing basketball after class. 4. There is plenty of ___________, such as giraffes and elephants, living in this area. 5. The ___________ is about protecting the environment. 【答案】1. caused 2. easily3. Quite a few4. wildlife5. topic 五、阅读还原。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometers across North Africa.（1）　 　 During the day，temperatures rise above 40'℃，while nights can be very cold. It is one of the toughest（艰难的）environments on Earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there，most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent（圆定的）homes.（2）　 　 The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin，which means "desert people". They depend on goats，sheep，and comes for food and transport. Water is the most important for them，they need water to live，so they must carry enough water are know where to find it.（3）　 　 . A dessert is not defined（定义）by sand but by the lack of rain.（4）　 　 Surprisingly，only 25%，of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel（项）. ( A.Without water，life is impossible. B.Long ago，the Sahara was covered with ice. C.The Sahara is a huge dessert full of sand. D.The weather there can be very different in a day's time. E.To be a desert，a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. F.They move from place to place，carrying everything they need to live. )（5）　 　 Later it turned into grasslands. Over time，it became the desert we see today. Truly the Sahara is place of history and change. 【答案】DFAEB 【分析】撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热沙漠，覆盖北非超九百万平方米。那里昼夜温差大，环境恶劣，人口稀少，多为贝都因游牧民族，靠牲畜和水生存。沙漠并非全是沙，降水少是其特征，且它曾历经冰原、草原演变而来，见证历史变迁。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据下文"During the day，temperatures rise above 40'℃，while nights can be very cold."（白天，气温会升至40℃以上，而夜晚则可能非常寒冷。）可知，此处描述了撒哈拉沙漠一天之内天气变化很大，白天很热，晚上很冷。结合选项，选项D"那里的天气在一天之内可能会有很大的不同。"符合语境，故选D。 （2）细节推理题。根据上文"Nomads are people who have no permanent（固定的）homes."（游牧民族是指没有固定住所的人。）以及下文"The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin，which means "desert people".They depend on goats，sheep，and comes for food and transport."（撒哈拉的游牧民族被称为贝都因人，意思是"沙漠人"。他们依靠山羊、绵羊和骆驼来获取食物和交通工具。）可知，此处描述了游牧民族没有固定住所，他们四处迁徙，带着生活所需的一切。结合选项，选项F"他们从一个地方搬到另一个地方，带着他们生活所需的一切。"符合语境，故选F。 （3）细节推理题。根据上文"Water is the most important for them，they need water to live，so they must carry enough water are know where to find it."（水对他们来说是最重要的，他们需要水来生存，所以他们必须携带足够的水并知道在哪里可以找到水。）可知，此处强调了水对撒哈拉沙漠中的人们的重要性，没有水，生命就无法存在。结合选项，选项A"没有水，生命是不可能的。"符合语境，故选A。 （4）细节推理题。根据上文"A dessert is not defined（定义）by sand but by the lack of rain."（沙漠的定义不是由沙子决定的，而是由缺雨决定的。）以及下文"Surprisingly，only 25%，of the Sahara is covered in sand.The rest is rock and gravel."（令人惊讶的是，撒哈拉沙漠只有25%被沙子覆盖。其余的是岩石和砾石。）可知，此处描述了沙漠的定义与降雨量有关，而不是沙子。结合选项，选项E"要成为沙漠，一个地方每年必须得到少于250毫米的降雨量。"符合语境，故选E。 （5）细节推理题。根据下文"Later it turned into grasslands.Over time，it became the desert we see today."（后来它变成了草原。随着时间的推移，它变成了我们今天看到的沙漠。）可知，此处描述了撒哈拉沙漠过去的历史，它曾经被冰覆盖，后来变成了草原，最终变成了沙漠。结合选项，选项B"很久以前，撒哈拉被冰覆盖。"符合语境，故选B。 六、阅读表达。 Recently，a father called Daming and his son Dongshun's photos became hot all over China. In the photos， while they are working on the boat on Dongting Lake，lots of fish are jumping into the fish bin（鱼舱）. Dongting Lake is the second freshwater lake in China，and it's home to more than 100 kinds of fishes. But in the past，people threw litter and factories put waste water into the lake. Even worse，a large number of fish were caught by fishermen. Because of pollution and overfishing（过度捕捞），the Yangtze River was in great danger. For example，the Chinese paddlefish have disappeared. Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake. However，life was gradually becoming difficult for Daming and other fishermen. The more times they went to fish，the fewer fish they could get. In January 2020，the government called for a 10﹣year fishing ban（禁渔令），covering 332 conservation areas（保护区） in the Yangtze River. Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger （巡湖员） for years. This job helps him understand how important it is to protect Dongting Lake. "I think this job is meaningful，"he said." As the wind is blowing gently，fish are swimming happily. What a beautiful scene! The fishing ban will lead Dongting Lake to a better future." （1）Why was the Yangtze River in great danger in the past according to the passage？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （2）How did Daming use to make a living？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （3）What did the government call for in January 2020？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （4）What is Dongshun's job now？ _______________________________________________________________________________ （5）What do you think of Dongting Lake's future？（自拟一句话作答） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】（1）Because of pollution and overfishing. （2）By fishing near Dongting Lake. （3）A 10﹣year fishing ban. （4）A lake ranger. （5）I think the future of Dongting Lake will be very bright. 【分析】本文叙述了大明和东顺在洞庭湖上工作的照片成为热点，介绍了洞庭湖的生态环境并强调了渔业保护的重要性，描述了政府为了保护长江而实施的十年禁渔令。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Because of pollution and overfishing（过度捕捞），the Yangtze River was in great danger.For example，the Chinese paddlefish have disappeared.（由于污染和过度捕捞，长江处于极大的危险之中。例如，中华白鲟已经消失了。）可知，长江曾经处于巨大危险之中是因为污染和过度捕捞。故填Because of pollution and overfishing. （2）细节理解题。根据第二段Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake.（大明过去在洞庭湖附近以捕鱼为生。）可知，大明过去在洞庭湖附近以捕鱼为生。故填By fishing near Dongting Lake. （3）细节理解题。根据第三段In January，2020，the government called for a 10﹣year fishing ban （禁渔令）（2020年1月，政府呼吁实施为期10年的禁渔令）可知，在2020年1月，政府号召实施一个十年的禁渔令。故填A 10﹣year fishing ban. （4）细节理解题。根据第三段Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger （巡湖员） for almost 3 years.（东顺和他的父亲一起做了几年的巡湖员。）可知，东顺现在是一个巡湖员。故填A lake ranger. （5）主观表达题。我认为洞庭湖的未来会非常美好。故填I think the future of Dongting Lake will be very bright. 七、语法填空。 Qomolangma，"the top of the world"，is（1）　 　 （high） and the most dangerous mountain in the world. However，many climbers risk their lives to climb it and know about it. Over 4，000 people （2）　 　 （reach） the top of Qomolangma since 1921.Among them，Kami Rita from Nepal has succeeded in reaching the top the most times. On May 12th，2024，he stood on the top for the （3）　 　 （twenty﹣five） time. The research on Qomolangma never stops（4）　 　 it's dangerous，By studying the rocks and fossils（化石） we know that Qomolangma is over 4.4 hundred million years old and （5）　 　 mountain is getting higher and higher. Can it get higher by（6）　 　 （it）？Of course not. It gets higher because（7）　 　 the crustal movement （地壳运动）. As the number of the （8）　 　 （tourist） becomes larger，there （9）　 　 （be） more and more waste on the mountain.（10）　 　 （protect） the environment of Qomolangma，the government started the waste cleaning﹣up work in 2019. 【答案】（1）the highest（2）have reached（3）twenty﹣fifth（4）although/though（5）the （6）itself（7）of（8）tourists（9）is（10）To protect 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的高度、攀登历史、地质研究以及环境保护问题。 【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：珠穆朗玛峰，"世界之巅"，是世界上最高、最危险的山峰。根据"the most dangerous mountain in the world"（是世界上最高、最危险的山峰）可知，此处用最高级，且"high"的最高级是"highest"，前面需加定冠词"the"。故填the highest。 （2）考查动词。句意：自1921年以来，已有超过4000人登顶珠穆朗玛峰。根据"since 1921"（自1921年以来）可知，时态是现在完成时，主语"Over 4，000 people"是复数，助动词用"have"，动词用过去分词"reached"。故填have reached。 （3）考查序数词。句意：2024年5月12日，他第25次站在了山顶。根据"the"（这个）和"time"（次）可知，此处用序数词"twenty﹣fifth"表示"第25次"。故填twenty﹣fifth。 （4）考查副词。句意：尽管危险，对珠穆朗玛峰的研究从未停止。根据前后句的转折让步关系可知，此处填"although/though"表示"尽管"。故填although/though。 （5）考查冠词。句意：通过研究岩石和化石，我们知道珠穆朗玛峰已有4.4亿多年的历史，而且这座山还在不断升高。根据"mountain"（山）可知是特指珠穆朗玛峰，前面需加定冠词"the"。故填the。 （6）考查代词。句意：它能靠自己变得更高吗？根据"by"（通过）和"it"（它）可知，此处用反身代词"itself"表示"靠它自己"。故填itself。 （7）考查短语。句意：当然，现在它之所以变高是因为地壳运动。"because of"是固定搭配，表示"因为"。故填of。 （8）考查名词。句意：随着游客数量的增加，山上的垃圾越来越多。"the number of"后接复数名词"tourists"。故填tourists。 （9）考查be动词。句意：随着游客数量的增加，山上的垃圾越来越多。主语"waste"是不可数名词，be动词用"is"。故填is。 （10）考查动词不定式。句意：为了保护珠穆朗玛峰的环境，政府于2019年启动了垃圾清理工作。根据题干句子结构可知，此处用不定式"To protect"表示目的。故填To protect。 Part 1: Read and Explore Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle （循环） is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the Earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active （活跃的） from March to June in China. In this article，we will learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour （蒸汽）.When it's hot outside，you can see clouds forming （形成） in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground，plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky，it cools down and becomes clouds. After that，clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then，water runs through rivers and oceans and finally comes back to the Earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth's climate （气候）.It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that，it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don't have enough water. Without the cycle，we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place，it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need，it becomes a drought. Besides，water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It's important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature，know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. When is the water cycle most active in China? A. From January to March. B. From March to June. C. From July to September. D. From October to December. 2. What are the key steps of the water cycle mentioned in the passage? (Please write the letters: ______ & ______ & ______) a. Water vapour rises and cools to form clouds. b. Clouds fall back to Earth as rain or snow. c. Water runs through rivers and oceans and returns to the cycle. d. Water freezes into ice in cold areas. Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: Without the water cycle, areas that lack water may ______ (face drought/have floods). The water cycle ______ (can/cannot) help keep Earth cool by taking heat from the sun. If there is too much water in one place due to a broken water cycle, it ______ (may/may not) cause floods. Task 3: Be an Earth Protector（环保建议） 4. If you want to help maintain the normal operation of the water cycle, what can you do in daily life? Use at least one reason from the passage (e.g., protecting water sources, reducing actions that harm the climate). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think the water cycle is more important for living things or for Earth's climate? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the passage. 【答案】 Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. B 2. a, b, c Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 0. quite good；more；easily Task 3: Be an Earth Protector（环保建议） I can protect water sources in daily life to maintain the water cycle. The passage mentions the water cycle relies on clean water from the ground, plants and rivers—so I’ll fix leaking taps at home immediately to avoid wasting clean water. I’ll also stop using high-phosphate detergents, because their chemical residues might pollute rivers and disrupt the formation of water vapour, which is the starting point of the water cycle. Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） I think the water cycle is equally important for living things and Earth's climate, as both are closely linked. For living things, the passage says the cycle provides drinking water for plants and animals and keeps rivers flowing—without this, most living things would not survive. For Earth's climate, it takes heat from the sun to cool the Earth and prevents extreme weather like floods and droughts. If the cycle fails, both living things and the climate will be damaged, so neither is more important than the other. $