Unit 7 课时1 Welcome to the unit（分层作业）英语译林版八年级上册

Unit 7 The natural world 课时1 Welcome to the unit 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚 2. reef /riːf/ n. 礁 3. penguin /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ n. 企鹅 4. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 5. rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 6. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 短语 1. look like 看起来像 2. be home to… 是……的家园 句型 1. Half of the world’s animals and plants live in rainforests. 世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 2. The polar ice is home to animals like polar bears and penguins. 极地冰原是北极熊、企鹅等动物的家园。 3. And the difference in temperature between day and night is huge . 并且昼夜温差极大。 4. The climate in deserts is so awful that only a few animals and plants can live there. 沙漠的气候非常恶劣，只有少数动植物能够在那里存活。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ______________ /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚 2. ______________ /riːf/ n. 礁 3. ______________ /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ n. 企鹅 4. ______________ /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 5. ______________ /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 6. ______________ /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、词组默写。 1. _______________________ 看起来像 2. _______________________ 是……的家园 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 __________ __________ the world’s animals and plants __________ __________ rainforests. 2. 极地冰原是北极熊、企鹅等动物的家园。 The polar ice __________ __________ __________ animals __________ polar bears and penguins. 3. 并且昼夜温差极大。 And __________ __________ __________ temperature between day and night is __________. 4. 沙漠的气候非常恶劣，只有少数动植物能够在那里存活。 __________ __________ in deserts is __________ __________ only a few animals and plants can live there. 四 、选用方框内的单词或短语填空。 ( climate, penguin, rainfall, ecosystem, coral reefs ) 1.We watched a __________________ show at the zoo yesterday. 2. __________________ are home to many fish and other sea animals. 3.Plants, fishes and the sun are part of the __________________ of this lake. 4.The heavy __________________ could help the plants grow. 5.This area is famous for its extremely (极端地) dry __________________. 5、 单项选择。 1.Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly with heavier ______. A. rainfall B. weight C. attention D. growth 2.—Daddy, the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ______ for grandparents? —You can buy some mooncakes, fruit and flowers for them. A. how to buy B. what to buy C. where to buy D. when to buy 3.We should do everything we can ______ the birds ______ danger. A. to protect; away B. protected; from C. protecting; in D. to protect; in 4.Not only you but also John ______ to ______ the activity. A. hope; join B. hopes; join C. hope; take part in D. hopes; take part in 5. —Giving others a helping hand not only helps us make friends but also makes us happy. —______. I'll try my best to help others. A. That's all right B. That's true C. It's my pleasure D. Don't mention it 六、阅读还原。 Hey there! Let's set off on an exciting journey to discover our country's four major plateaus （高原）。 The Qinghai﹣Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four. （1）　 　 With an average altitude （平均海拔） of over 4，000 meters，it is the highest plateau in the world and is known as the "roof of the world". This plateau is the birthplace of many Chinese rivers and has over 1，000 lakes，with Qinghai Lake being the largest saltwater lake. In the north of China，we can find the Inner Mongolia Plateau. As the second largest plateau，it's about 700，000 square kilometers. It lies mostly between 1，000 and 1，200 meters above sea level. The plateau is mostly flat （平坦的） and has wide grassland.（2）　 　 The Loess Plateau is the third largest plateau in our country. It rises between 1，000 and 2，000 meters above sea level. The plateau was named after the yellowish soil （淡黄色土壤） that covers the area. （3）　 　 Through many studies，some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years. （4）　 　 It is mainly spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. The plateau has a great difference in altitude，from 400 to 3，500 meters above sea level，and it goes down from the northwest to the southeast. The plateau is not flat. It has many mountains and valleys （山谷）。 ( A.Which of the four major plateaus is the largest？ B.These four plateaus each have their own beauty. C.It covers nearly a quarter of the national land area. D.You may wonder where the yellowish soil came from. E.However，you'll also find some areas of the Gobi desert there. F.The Yunnan﹣Guizhou Plateau is the smallest among the four major plateaus. )（5）　 　 Together，they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China. 七、任务型阅读。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big，some are small，they are all beautiful. Today I'll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall sits in Anshan City，Guizhou Province，is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters，it looks like a "white curtain" pouring from the sky，producing thunderous sounds. Every year，millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang，Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall，located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi province and Shanxi Province in northern China，is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow﹣hued waters and thunderous roar，it is the second larges waterfall in China（after Huangguoshu Waterfall）.People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It's well﹣known in China and the world because of the poem （诗） by Li Bai：It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. （1）How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall？ ___________________________________________________________________ （2）Where is Sanxia Waterfall？ ___________________________________________________________________ （3）Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China？ ___________________________________________________________________ （4）Why is Lushan Waterfall well﹣known in China and the world？ ___________________________________________________________________ （5）Which waterfall do you like best？Why？ ___________________________________________________________________ Part 1: Read and Explore Our world is full of amazing natural wonders. They are not made by humans，but shaped by nature over millions of years. Let's learn about three wonderful ones. First，there's the Grand Canyon in the US. It's a huge valley with red and orange rocks. The Colorado River has been carving the rocks for over 6 million years，making the canyon deep and wide. When you stand on its edge，you can see layers of rock that tell stories of the Earth's past. Many people visit it every year to hike or take photos. Next is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. It's the largest coral reef system in the world，made of tiny living things called corals. The reef is full of colourful fish，turtles and other sea animals—like a busy "underwater city". You can swim or dive there to see its beauty，but it needs our protection because pollution harms it. The third one is Victoria Falls，between Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa. Locals call it "The Smoke That Thunders" because when water falls down the 108﹣meter cliff，it makes a loud sound and lots of mist. The waterfall is so big that you can see the mist from kilometres away. It's a great place to watch the powerful water and feel nature's strength. These natural wonders show how beautiful and powerful our planet is. We should love and protect them so they can stay amazing for future people to see. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story (基础理解) 1.What kind of rocks can be seen in the Grand Canyon? A. Black and white rocks B. Red and orange rocks C. Green and blue rocks 2.What living things is the Great Barrier Reef made of? A. Tiny corals B. Colourful fish C. Small turtles 3.Where is Victoria Falls located? A. Between the US and Canada B. Between Zambia and Zimbabwe C. Between Australia and New Zealand 4.What do people usually do when visiting the Grand Canyon? (List TWO) a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ Task 2: Talk About Reasons (原因阐述) 5.Why does the Great Barrier Reef need people's protection? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.Why can people see the mist of Victoria Falls from kilometres away? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Task 3: Be a Promoter (推广建议) 7.Suppose you want to introduce one of these natural wonders to your classmates. Write a short introduction (within 40 words) using information from the passage. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ $Unit 7 The natural world 课时1 Welcome to the unit 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚 2. reef /riːf/ n. 礁 3. penguin /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ n. 企鹅 4. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 5. rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 6. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 短语 1. look like 看起来像 2. be home to… 是……的家园 句型 1. Half of the world’s animals and plants live in rainforests. 世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 2. The polar ice is home to animals like polar bears and penguins. 极地冰原是北极熊、企鹅等动物的家园。 3. And the difference in temperature between day and night is huge . 并且昼夜温差极大。 4. The climate in deserts is so awful that only a few animals and plants can live there. 沙漠的气候非常恶劣，只有少数动植物能够在那里存活。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ______________ /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚 2. ______________ /riːf/ n. 礁 3. ______________ /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ n. 企鹅 4. ______________ /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 5. ______________ /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 6. ______________ /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】1. coral 2. reef 3. penguin 4. ecosystem 5. rainfall 6. climate 二、词组默写。 1. _______________________ 看起来像 2. _______________________ 是……的家园 【答案】1. look like 2. be home to… 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 __________ __________ the world’s animals and plants __________ __________ rainforests. 2. 极地冰原是北极熊、企鹅等动物的家园。 The polar ice __________ __________ __________ animals __________ polar bears and penguins. 3. 并且昼夜温差极大。 And __________ __________ __________ temperature between day and night is __________. 4. 沙漠的气候非常恶劣，只有少数动植物能够在那里存活。 __________ __________ in deserts is __________ __________ only a few animals and plants can live there. 【答案】1.Half of ; live in 2. is home to; like 3. the difference in; huge 4. The climate; so awful that 四 、选用方框内的单词或短语填空。 ( climate, penguin, rainfall, ecosystem, coral reefs ) 1.We watched a __________________ show at the zoo yesterday. 2. __________________ are home to many fish and other sea animals. 3.Plants, fishes and the sun are part of the __________________ of this lake. 4.The heavy __________________ could help the plants grow. 5.This area is famous for its extremely (极端地) dry __________________. 【答案】1.penguin 2.Coral reefs 3.ecosystem 4.rainfall 5.climate 5、 单项选择。 1.Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly with heavier ______. A. rainfall B. weight C. attention D. growth 2.—Daddy, the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ______ for grandparents? —You can buy some mooncakes, fruit and flowers for them. A. how to buy B. what to buy C. where to buy D. when to buy 3.We should do everything we can ______ the birds ______ danger. A. to protect; away B. protected; from C. protecting; in D. to protect; in 4.Not only you but also John ______ to ______ the activity. A. hope; join B. hopes; join C. hope; take part in D. hopes; take part in 5. —Giving others a helping hand not only helps us make friends but also makes us happy. —______. I'll try my best to help others. A. That's all right B. That's true C. It's my pleasure D. Don't mention it 【答案】ABDDB 【解析】 1. “Lixia”（立夏）时节，气温快速上升且伴随更多的“降雨（rainfall）”。“weight”（重量）、“attention”（注意力）、“growth”（生长）不符合语境。 2. 根据答语“You can buy some mooncakes, fruit and flowers for them.”（你可以给他们买一些月饼、水果和花），可知是问买“什么（what）”，“what to buy”表示“买什么”。“how to buy”（怎么买）、“where to buy”（在哪里买）、“when to buy”（什么时候买）不符合答语逻辑。 3. “do everything we can to do sth.”表示“尽我们所能做某事”，所以第一空用“to protect”；“in danger”是固定短语，意为“处于危险中”，此处表示保护鸟类免受危险（使鸟类不处于危险中）。 4. “not only...but also...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，“John”是第三人称单数，所以第一空用“hopes”；“take part in”指参加活动，“join”常指加入组织、团体等，此处“activity”（活动）用“take part in”更合适。 5.上句说“向别人伸出援手不仅能帮助我们交朋友，还能让我们快乐”，下句说“我会尽力帮助别人”，说明认可上句的说法，“That's true”（那是真的）符合语境。“That's all right”（没关系）、“It's my pleasure”（我的荣幸）、“Don't mention it”（别客气）不符合此处语境。 六、阅读还原。 Hey there! Let's set off on an exciting journey to discover our country's four major plateaus （高原）。 The Qinghai﹣Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four. （1）　 　 With an average altitude （平均海拔） of over 4，000 meters，it is the highest plateau in the world and is known as the "roof of the world". This plateau is the birthplace of many Chinese rivers and has over 1，000 lakes，with Qinghai Lake being the largest saltwater lake. In the north of China，we can find the Inner Mongolia Plateau. As the second largest plateau，it's about 700，000 square kilometers. It lies mostly between 1，000 and 1，200 meters above sea level. The plateau is mostly flat （平坦的） and has wide grassland.（2）　 　 The Loess Plateau is the third largest plateau in our country. It rises between 1，000 and 2，000 meters above sea level. The plateau was named after the yellowish soil （淡黄色土壤） that covers the area. （3）　 　 Through many studies，some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years. （4）　 　 It is mainly spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. The plateau has a great difference in altitude，from 400 to 3，500 meters above sea level，and it goes down from the northwest to the southeast. The plateau is not flat. It has many mountains and valleys （山谷）。 ( A.Which of the four major plateaus is the largest？ B.These four plateaus each have their own beauty. C.It covers nearly a quarter of the national land area. D.You may wonder where the yellowish soil came from. E.However，you'll also find some areas of the Gobi desert there. F.The Yunnan﹣Guizhou Plateau is the smallest among the four major plateaus. )（5）　 　 Together，they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China. 【答案】CEDFB 【分析】本文主要介绍了中国四大高原的基本情况，包括它们的位置、海拔、地形特征等，并强调了每个高原的独特之处。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文The Qinghai﹣Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four.（中国西南部的青藏高原是四大高原中最大的一个。）可知，接下来应该描述它的规模或覆盖面积。选项C"它覆盖了接近全国土地面积的四分之一"与上文描述青藏高原的规模相吻合。故选C。 （2）细节推理题。根据上文In the north of China，we can find the Inner Mongolia Plateau.As the second largest plateau，it's about 700，000 square kilometers.It lies mostly between 1，000 and 1，200 meters above sea level.The plateau is mostly flat and has wide grassland.（在中国北方，我们可以找到内蒙古高原。作为第二大高原，它大约有70万平方公里。它主要位于海拔1000至1200米之间。高原大部分是平坦的，有广阔的草原。）可知，上文描述了内蒙古高原的地理位置和地形特征，接下来应该继续描述该高原的其他地理特征。选项E"然而，你也会在那里发现一些戈壁沙漠的区域。"与上文描述的内蒙古高原的地理特征相符合。故选E。 （3）细节推理题。根据上文The plateau was named after the yellowish soil that covers the area.（该高原以覆盖该地区的淡黄色土壤命名。）可知，上文提到黄土高原的名称来源于覆盖该地区的淡黄色土壤，接下来应该解释这种土壤的来源。选项D"你可能会好奇这种淡黄色土壤是从哪里来的。"与上文提到的土壤特征相吻合，并引出下文对土壤来源的解释。故选D。 （4）细节推理题。根据上文Through many studies，some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years.（通过许多研究，一些中国科学家认为，它是由来自内蒙古高原和蒙古内陆地区的北风在数千年的时间里携带的。）可知，上文描述了黄土高原的特征，接下来应该介绍另一个高原。选项F"云南﹣贵州高原是四个主要高原中最小的。"与上文描述的顺序和内容相符合。故选F。 （5）细节推理题。根据下文Together，they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China.（它们共同构成了中国美丽的高原景观。）和上文分别介绍了四个高原的特征可知，接下来应该总结这些高原的共同点或它们的总体影响。选项B"这四个高原各自都有它们的美丽。"与上文对四个高原的描述相吻合，并总结了它们的共同点。故选B。 七、任务型阅读。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big，some are small，they are all beautiful. Today I'll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall sits in Anshan City，Guizhou Province，is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters，it looks like a "white curtain" pouring from the sky，producing thunderous sounds. Every year，millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang，Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall，located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi province and Shanxi Province in northern China，is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow﹣hued waters and thunderous roar，it is the second larges waterfall in China（after Huangguoshu Waterfall）.People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It's well﹣known in China and the world because of the poem （诗） by Li Bai：It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. （1）How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall？ ___________________________________________________________________ （2）Where is Sanxia Waterfall？ ___________________________________________________________________ （3）Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China？ ___________________________________________________________________ （4）Why is Lushan Waterfall well﹣known in China and the world？ ___________________________________________________________________ （5）Which waterfall do you like best？Why？ ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】（1）It's 77.8 meters. （2）In Yichang，Hubei. （3）No，it isn't. （4）Because of the poem by Li Bai. （5）I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best because it is the largest waterfall in China and it looks like a "white curtain" pouring from the sky，producing thunderous sounds. 【分析】文章主要介绍了中国的四处著名瀑布，分别是黄果树瀑布、三峡瀑布、壶口瀑布和庐山瀑布，详细说明了它们所在的地理位置、特点以及闻名的原因等信息。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters，it looks like a 'white curtain' pouring from the sky..."（黄果树瀑布高77.8米，宽101米，看起来就像从天上倾泻而下的"白色幕布"……）可知黄果树瀑布的高度是77.8米，故填It's 77.8 meters. （2）细节理解题。根据第三段"Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang，Hubei is a great natural landscape in China."（湖北宜昌的三峡瀑布是中国的一大自然景观。）可知三峡瀑布在湖北宜昌，故填In Yichang，Hubei. （3）细节理解题。根据第四段"it is the second larges waterfall in China（after Huangguoshu Waterfall）."（它是中国第二大瀑布（仅次于黄果树瀑布）。）可知壶口瀑布不是中国最大的瀑布，故填No，it isn't. （4）细节理解题。根据第五段"It's well﹣known in China and the world because of the poem （诗） by Li Bai."（它在中国和世界都很有名，因为李白的诗。）可知庐山瀑布因李白的诗在中国和世界都很有名，故填Because of the poem by Li Bai. （5）观点表达题。我最喜欢黄果树瀑布，因为它是中国最大的瀑布，它看起来像从天上倾泻而下的"白色幕布"，发出雷鸣般的声音。故填I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best because it is the largest waterfall in China and it looks like a "white curtain" pouring from the sky，producing thunderous sounds. Part 1: Read and Explore Our world is full of amazing natural wonders. They are not made by humans，but shaped by nature over millions of years. Let's learn about three wonderful ones. First，there's the Grand Canyon in the US. It's a huge valley with red and orange rocks. The Colorado River has been carving the rocks for over 6 million years，making the canyon deep and wide. When you stand on its edge，you can see layers of rock that tell stories of the Earth's past. Many people visit it every year to hike or take photos. Next is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. It's the largest coral reef system in the world，made of tiny living things called corals. The reef is full of colourful fish，turtles and other sea animals—like a busy "underwater city". You can swim or dive there to see its beauty，but it needs our protection because pollution harms it. The third one is Victoria Falls，between Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa. Locals call it "The Smoke That Thunders" because when water falls down the 108﹣meter cliff，it makes a loud sound and lots of mist. The waterfall is so big that you can see the mist from kilometres away. It's a great place to watch the powerful water and feel nature's strength. These natural wonders show how beautiful and powerful our planet is. We should love and protect them so they can stay amazing for future people to see. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story (基础理解) 1.What kind of rocks can be seen in the Grand Canyon? A. Black and white rocks B. Red and orange rocks C. Green and blue rocks 2.What living things is the Great Barrier Reef made of? A. Tiny corals B. Colourful fish C. Small turtles 3.Where is Victoria Falls located? A. Between the US and Canada B. Between Zambia and Zimbabwe C. Between Australia and New Zealand 4.What do people usually do when visiting the Grand Canyon? (List TWO) a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ Task 2: Talk About Reasons (原因阐述) 5.Why does the Great Barrier Reef need people's protection? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.Why can people see the mist of Victoria Falls from kilometres away? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Task 3: Be a Promoter (推广建议) 7.Suppose you want to introduce one of these natural wonders to your classmates. Write a short introduction (within 40 words) using information from the passage. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Task 1: Understand the Story (基础理解) 1.答案：B 2.答案：A 3.答案：B 4.答案：a. Hike b. Take photos Task 2: Talk About Reasons (原因阐述) 5.答案：Because pollution harms the Great Barrier Reef. 6.答案：Because Victoria Falls is so big that its mist can be seen from kilometres away. Task 3: Be a Promoter (推广建议) 7.参考答案 1（Grand Canyon）：The US Grand Canyon has red rocks. Carved by the Colorado River, it’s great for hiking and seeing Earth’s past. 参考答案 2（Great Barrier Reef）：Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, made of corals, has colourful sea life. Let’s protect it from pollution! 参考答案 3（Victoria Falls）：Africa’s Victoria Falls, "The Smoke That Thunders", has loud sounds and mist. It shows nature’s strength. $