内容正文:
第3讲
完形填空(答案P26)
考查内容
1.潍坊地区的完形填空都设置10个小题,
3.考查句型和固定结构。重点考查词语在
完形填空是语言知识运用大题的第一题;选项尽
语境中的实际运用,名词、动词、动词短语、形容
量避免语法考查,词数在300左右。
词、副词、连词等,也对介词、代词、冠词等有所
2.考查对文章的整体理解和词汇意义的把
考查。
握能力,结合生活常识和语境得出正确答案
技巧点拨
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完形填空答题口诀:
把握全文明主线;固定搭配记心间;原词再现莫错过;上下求索是关键。
首句往往不设空,是全文的关键句,或者称
为主导句
分析空格中需填的词在句中所作成分
哪类词适合、应采用什么形式等
对词法、句式特点
充分利用】
J充分利用首句的提示作用,为解题找到一个
等基础知识的考查
首句信息突破口,从而开拓思维
完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过
程,要把握作者的思路
积极地调动自已的文化背景知识和生活
常识,注意中西方文化方面存在的差异
「利用文化背景和
完形填空
多角度的通过联想、推测,多换角度去思考问题,使
[生活常识解题
答题技巧
逻辑推理自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合
习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结
命题逐渐摒弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来
构形态,不能随意变动
越侧重逻辑推理判断
命题角度是习惯用法和同义词
习惯用法和
从上下文
词语在特定的语境中所表达的隐含信息只有
近义词的辨析两个方面
词语辨析
寻找线索几借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示作出判断
具体解题步骤如下:
【经典例题】
1.细读首句,可判断文章体裁,预测全文大
When you turn on the tap in your house,
意和主旨。完形填空题的文章尽管是有意地抽
water comes out.This water has 1 a long
掉了一些词,使信息中断,造成间隔性的词义空
way.This water comes from rain in the sky.The
白,但仍不失为完整的语篇。
2 that water arrives to the tap in your house
2.阅读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词
is called the“water supply”.
或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。阅读时要注
Most of the water on the earth is in the 3
意找出关键词、中心词,画出某些代表人物和表
This water has a lot of salt in it.We cannot drink
this water.Salt water can make us ill.But when
明文章情节的词,以便形成思路。
the sun shines,it 4 a part of the ocean.This
3.对空格处要填的词可做试探性的猜测,为
water rises up to make clouds in the sky.The
下一步选择答案做好准备,打好基础。注意不要
more water rises up,the heavier and larger the
在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,这样速
clouds become.The clouds will get so heavy and
度慢、准确率低。
large that they will change colour from white to
4.在通读全文,掌握了文章的大意后,可以
5:The water will fall down into rivers and
从头开始边细读边分析。根据上下文意思选取
lakes 6 rain and travel back to the sea.This
语法正确、语义贴切、语言准确的词语。在这一
is called the“water cycle”.We use half of the
过程中,一定要瞻前顾后,灵活答题。
rain water 7 falls over the earth.
英语·讲练册潍坊专用
239
There are parts of the world where there is
句子主语water“水”提示用动词travel和a
8 fresh water.In the Arab countries,salt
long way搭配,表示“长途行进”,排除易混项
water can be made safe to drink.This is done by
walk“步行”。故选D。
freezing or boiling it.The salt is left 9 and
2.答案:A
the clean water is then taken off.This process is
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:水到达你家水龙
very 10 but in some areas this is the only
头的方式被称作“供水”。way意为“方式;方
way to get clean drinking water.
法”;path意为“小路;小径”;method意为“方
1.A.pulled
B.walked
法”;condition意为“状态;条件”。下文的is
C.rushed
D.travelled
called the“water supply”提示和主语way意
2.A.way
B.path
义搭配。易混项method指采取措施或程序的
C.method
D.condition
具体的“方法”。故选A。
3.A.stream
B.ocean
3.答案:B
C.river
D.lake
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:地球上的大部分
4.A.takes in
B.gives off
水都在海洋里。stream意为“小溪”;ocean意
C.heats up
D.cools down
为“海洋”;river意为“河流”;lake意为“湖”。
5.A.purple
B.grey
下文This water has a lot of salt in it.“这种水
C.blue
D.pink
里面含有大量的盐”提示此处指海水。故选B。
6.A.through
B.with
4.答案:C
C.as
D.by
解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:但是当太阳
7.A.it
B.that
照射时,阳光会给海洋的一部分加热。take in
C.this
D.what
意为“吸收”;give off意为“散发”;heat up意为
8.A.few
B.much
“给…加热”;cool down意为“冷却”。承接
C.enough
D.little
上文When the sun shines'“当太阳照射的时
9.A.behind
B.alone
候”和下文This water rises up to make clouds
C.off
D.out
in the sky..“盐水上升组成空中的云”提示用动
10.A.rapid
B.cheap
词词组heat up与句意相符。故选C。
C.simple
D.expensive
5.答案:B
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了饮
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:这些云彩会变得
用水的来源和大自然中的水循环系统以及缺水
又沉又大,颜色也从白色变成灰色。purple意
的阿拉伯国家获取饮用水的途径。
为“紫色”;grey意为“灰色”;blue意为“蓝色”;
1.答案:D
pink意为“粉红色”。from后的white提示下
解析:考查动词辨析。句意:这种水经过了长
雨前云彩由白变灰。用grey符合句意。故
途跋涉。pul意为“拉;拔”;walk意为“步行”;
选B。
rush意为“冲;奔”;travel意为“旅行;行进”。6.答案:C
240
优+学秦赢在中考
解析:考查介词辨析。句意:水会以雨的形式are over fifty different types of plastics.Many of
落到河流和湖泊里并回归大海。主语water和them are used 1 packaging(包装).Most
空格后的rain提示用介词as“作为”符合句意。
plastics do not break down and a lot of them are
故选C。
not recyclable.When they are 2,they can
7.答案:B
pollute the air and make it very dangerous.
解析:考查关系词辨析。句意:我们使用降落
One of the most popular plastics used in
到地面上的一半的雨水。先行词water后跟的
making bottles is called PET.This can be
是定语从句,用关系代词that引导定语从句作
recycled.Plastics 3 PET need to be labeled
定语从句的主语。故选B。
so they can be collected easily for recycling.In
8.答案:D
America,PET is recycled and used to make 4
解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:世界有些地方
things,such as flowerpots and milk crates.In
淡水不多。下文In the Arab countries,salt
Germany some bottles are made from a type of
water can be made safe to drink.“在阿拉伯国
plastic which breaks down in strong 5 or
家,盐水可以制成安全的饮用水”提示本句用
when buried.6 this is expensive and the
表示否定意义的little“很少”修饰不可数名词
bottles might break while they are being used.
water。故选D。
Nearly all the things you buy from the
9.答案:A
supermarket are wrapped in something.7
解析:考查副词辨析。句意:盐被剩下,清洁的
fruit and vegetables are wrapped in plastic or in
水被取走。leave behind意为“留下”;leave
plastic bags.When we use these things,we
alone意为“不打扰;不理”;leave off意为“停
止;中断”;leave out意为“遗漏;省略”。下文
usually 8 the packaging.Packaging keeps
clean water is then taken off提示用副词
food 9.It protects the food and also gives
behind和动词leave搭配,符合句意。故选A。
us information about the product.But is it all
10.答案:D
necessary?If you add up all the packaging,it
解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:这道工序非常
comes to a lot.
昂贵,但在一些地区这是得到清洁饮用水的
Try not to buy things that use a lot of
唯一的方法。rapid意为“快的;迅速的”;
plastic.You'd better 10 your old plastic
cheap意为“便宜的”;simple意为“简单的”;
containers for keeping things.
expensive意为“昂贵的”。下文but引导的转
1.A.at
B.on
折句意和the only way提示用形容词
C.to
D.for
expensive与下文贯通。故选D。
2.A.burnt
B.heated
【学以致用】
C.bought
D.used
A
3.A.as
B.by
新素养·思维品质)(2024·潍坊中考)There
C.like
D.with
英语·讲练册潍坊专用
241
4.A.dry
B.new
Opera and I understood a little about it,"
C.heavy
D.natural
said Dou.
5.A.wind
B.smell
Since 2008,6 around our country have
C.storm
D.sunlight
been teaching students Peking Opera.It's part
6.A.Or
B.So
of a plan to introduce young people to our
C.But
D.And
country's traditional culture.7,Dou's
7.A.Yet
B.Even
school has been taking the job seriously.
C.Still
D.Always
“I learn a lot of history from the operas,”
8.A.put up
B.pick up
she said."I've also 8 many ancient poems,
C.give away
D.throw away
since there are so many of them in the operas."
9.A.warm
B.clear
"When you learn more about it,you'll 9 it
C.fresh
D.delicious
more.If people do study it,this 10 art form
10.A.reuse
B.return
won't disappear.It would be a great pity if it
C.repair
D.reduce
did!”she said.
【拓展练习】What are you going to do to use less
1.A.parents
B.teachers
plastic in your daily life after reading the
C.teenagers
D.adults
passage?(注意:不要照抄原文的句子)
2.A.left
B.entered
C.saw
D.opened
B
3.A.learn
B.borrow
新素养·文化意识◆(2024·枣庄中考)Peking
C.take
D.tell
Opera(京剧)used to sound strange to Dou Yi..
4.A.fast
B.good
The 14-year-old Beijinger said whenever she
C.easy
D.hard
found Peking Opera on TV,she watched another
5.A.and
B.so
programme.Like most of today's 1 Dou
C.but
D.or
loves pop music.
6.A.schools
B.classrooms
But since she 2 the Xuanwu Branch
C.homes
D.cities
School of Beijing No.15 Middle School,she has
7.A.Usually
B.Suddenly
been studying Peking Opera in music class every
C.Clearly
D.Finally
week.
8.A.found out
B.handed out
Dou and her classmates listen to Peking
C.cut out
D.left out
Opera and 3 the basics from experienced
9.A.sing
B.understand
actors.They also sing along with the operas.
C.watch
D.discuss
"At first,we felt it really 4 to learn
10.A.strange
B.boring
some musical notes,and we often laughed,5
C.new
D.old
later I found it was not difficult to learn Peking
242
优+学秦赢在中考11-15 CABBA
此说明如何踏上自我发现之旅。
第9讲
动词的时态和语态
1-4 CACA
动词的时态
第2讲
补全短文型阅读理解
【考题集训】
【学以致用】
1-6 BCDAAC
A
动词的语态
【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了如何培养好奇心。
【考题集训】
1-5 BDEFA
1-5 CACDC
6-10 CCBCA
B
第10讲
非谓语动词
【主旨大意】本文就不想做家庭作业这一现象提出了一些
【考题集训】
建议。
1-5 DCBEF
1-5 BBBCC 6-10 ABBCC
【语篇解构】
11-12CC
第11讲
6.easy 7.remember 8.Choose 9.from
简单句(句子的种类)
第3讲
完形填空
【考题集训】
【学以致用】
1-5 ACCAC
A
第12讲复合句
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了我们日常生
【考题集训】
活对塑料制品的依赖和塑料制品难以分解对环境造成的
1-5 ACABB 6-10 BCCBA
影响。
11-14 DBAD
1-5 DACBD 6-10 CBDCA
第13讲
主谓一致
【拓展练习】I'm going shopping with a basket instead of
【考题集训】
plastic packing.
1-5 ACBBB
第14讲
情景交际
【主旨大意】本文讲述了14岁的北京女孩从不喜欢京刷
【考题集训】
到通过学校的音乐课逐渐了解并喜欢上京剧的过程。
1-4 BCBA
1-5 CBADC
6-10 ACABD
第三部分
题型点拔
第4讲
短文填空
第1讲选择型阅读理解
【学以致用】
【学以致用】
A
A
【主旨大意】文章选自欧·亨利的短篇小说《歧路重生》。
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川自
小说讲述了盗窃犯基米改过自新即将迎来新的生活之
贡的盛大灯会以及灯笼制作传承人万松涛对灯笼制作所
际,由于一次意外,为解救困在金库中小女孩阿加莎,而
做的贡献。
不得不在警察面前“重操旧业”暴露了自己的故事。本·普
1-5 BCABA
赖斯警官佯装不知,放过了基米。
【拓展练习】I think of Weifang kites.Like Zigong1.proud2.politely3.excited4.knew
lanterns,they're one of national intangible cultural5.be opened 6.shouting 7.is going to/will die
heritages./It builds a culture bridge between China and 8.his 9.go 10.is waiting
some other countries in the world.
【拓展练习】D
B
B
【主旨大意】本文是议论文。文章介绍了人们在生活中会:【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了中国龙
遇到很多实际行动违背自己内心价值观的情况,文章就年(2024年)的文化意义,以及龙舞这一传统庆祝活动的
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