Unit 7 Let's volunteer!-【优+学案】2025-2026学年新教材八年级上册英语课时通（冀教版2024）

Unit7Let's volunteer！(答案Pi1) 单元主题层级) 人与社会—社会服务与人际沟通——志愿服务与公共服务 核心素养目标· 语言能力·能正确运用本单元的词汇或短语谈论不同的志愿活动。 文化意识。通过本单元的学习能够理解志愿服务的意义。 思维品质·积极参与生活中的一些有意义的志愿服务。 学习能力。学会使用不同的句型介绍做一名志愿者的经历。 单元知识清单· l.valuable adj.宝贵的；有价值的一 n.价值 2.collect v.收集；采集；收藏 n.收藏品 3.voluntary adj.自愿性的；志愿的一 v.自愿做；志愿做n.志愿者 词汇拓展 4.preparation n.准备；预备一 v.准备；预备 5.characteristic n.特点 n.性格；品质 6.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的；可靠的 n.责任 7.communicate v.交流；沟通一 n.交流；沟通 1.on the side of..在…的一侧 2.check out调查；（经检查）得到证实 3.try one's hand at尝试 4.make a difference in在…方面起作用 5.be responsible for对…负责任 6.be part of成为…的一部分 短语归纳 7.leave..behind留下，扔下 8.in the centre of在…的中心 9.pass by路过 l0.clean up清理干净 11.provide sb..with sth.给某人提供某物 12.a little bit of很少 l3.make one'sday让…开心 14.That's very kind of you！你真好！ 1.这个周末你有什么计划？ Do you this weekend? 重点句型 2.在那你将做什么？ What are you there? 单元语法 动词不定式（一） △八年级·上册·英语.J小 95 Lesson1I'd like to volunteer！(答案P1l) W 通基础 LLELE11111 I.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。 9.Lily helps in a local school as a 1.There is some plastic r and paper (voluntary)twice a week. bags on the beaches. 10.Rubbish is separated into different kinds in 2.Sometimes life isn't perfect.We should learn more and more (community) to look at the bright s Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 3.The first step to join the club is to a care for,check out,try one's hand at, for it. twice a week,on the side of 4.Julie always does v work in her free 11.My mother usually goes shopping time. 5.The first thing to do is give the stray dogs 12.Li Lei's family lived in a small house food and s a big town Ⅱ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 13.Now more and more old people feel lonely so 6.Time is so but some people don't we must them. know its until they lose it.(value) 14.Before Linda left the restaurant,she 7.The (elder)woman is living a busy the bill again. and colourful life in the countryside. 15. making a gift for your 8.My grandma likes keeping chickens and friend,no matter what it is. (collect)eggs. 通能力 IIIllIIIIll1lIlllIIllllllIlul1llu W.补全对话。 B:I'd like to help the sick kids in the hospital, 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适 but I don't know what to do.After all( 当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 竟)，I'm not a doctor. A:Hello,Mandy!Tomorrow is Volunteer Day. A:You could cheer them up by doing something, B:Yes,Andy.16. such as reading stories to them and playing A:I'd like to work outside. games with them. B:Work outside?Will you help clean up city B:Oh,I see.19. parks? A:My pleasure.And I think the kids will be A:17. I'll help the policemen glad to see you. at the crossing. B:20. B:Sounds great!Tomorrow is Sunday.They V.阅读理解。 must be very busy. 新素养·思维品质Do you want to be a A:Yes,that's true.18. volunteer?Maybe you need some ideas to get 96 you started.Here are just a few.You can pick()23.新考向·篇章结构Which is the right what you really love to do. structure of the passage? Help kids learn and grow.Be a big brother (①=Paragraph 1..) or a big sister at an after-school care center.You ① 2 ① 2 can help little kids to learn or play with them. ② 3④⑤ ②③④⑤6③④⑤6 Give back during the holidays.Serve dinner 3④⑤6⑦6⑦ ⑦ A B C D to the homeless,volunteer at your local old M.短文填空。 people's home,or give out toys to kids.Your 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单 local church and temple may also need your 词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 help. (长沙期中改编)I'm Sandy..The winter Help at a local animal shelter.Most shelters vacation is coming. What are you going depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs 24. (do)?Here are some of my friends' happy and well exercised.And when you're walking 25. (plan). dogs,you get some exercise too. Tony would like to be a 26. Protect the environment.Take part in a (voluntary)in a hospital because he wants to be local park clean-up day.Plant a tree in the a doctor in the future.He thinks he can learn a spring.Join a group to work together to protect lot there.He also wants to learn to swim to your local river. keep 27. (health). Help sick people.Lots of us are close to Betty is 28. outgoing girl.She people who have a medical problem.It can make plans 29. (join)the AI club.She thinks AI will make our life much 30. you feel good to donate your time or money to (good)than before. help the people with an illness.When you cheer Lucy was going to climb the mountain with them up,you also feel happy. 31. (she)parents.And she also wanted If you have more than one thing you love, to help her parents do some housework,such find a way to do them all.With your help,we'll 32 cooking dinner and washing certainly have a more beautiful world! clothes.But she fell off the bike last Saturday ()21.What can a volunteer do at an animal and broke her left leg,so she can only stay shelter? 33 home and read books. A.Feed animals. As for me,I like taking photos,and I am B.Clean the shelter. 34. (talent)in it.Last month,my dad C.Help animals to exercise. 35. (buy)me a new camera,so I am D.Make workers happy. going to my grandparents'farm and take many ()22.新考向·词义猜测What does the great 36. (photo)of those 37. underlined word“donate?”mean in (love)animals. Paragraph 6? 38 is your plan for the winter A.Pick up. B.Give away. vacation?I hope that everyone can have a good C.Take up. D.Throw away. time during the holiday. △八年级·上册·英语.J小 97 Less0n2 Join us！(答案P11) W 通基础 LM1EK1111114114111111111111411441 I,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 10.Reading more good books can help shape our opportunity,information,greet, (characteristic). grammar,program Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.After days of hard work,they finally made 11.我们应该对自己负责，因为我们已经长大了。 progress in the We should 2.(雅安中考)Our English teacher always explains ourselves because we have grown up. clearly to us. 12.我别无选择，只能更加努力地改变我的生活。 3.My friend Lisa likes to collect some I have no choice but to work harder to about different countries and cultures. my 4.Xu Fei is very friendly.He always life. me with a smile on his face. 13.玛丽是一位优秀的经理。和各种顾客打交道 5.You shouldn't miss this golden 是她工作的一部分。 Ⅱ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 Mary is an excellent manger.Dealing with 6.Don't forget to praise the kid all kinds of customers (sincere)when they do something good. her job. 7.I'm studying hard for the test.Good 14.在山中徒步旅行是接近大自然的好方法。 (prepare)is important. Hiking in the mountains is a good way to 8.Reading aloud after the tape is a good way to nature improve your (pronounce). 15.他们在谈论网球比赛。我想加入讨论。 9.It's our (responsible)to do something They're talking about the tennis match.I'd to help those in need. like to the discussion. 通能力 N.阅读理解。 Teaching English Centre.But you must be good Work as an English teacher in the countryside at English.You also need to speak a little of the As we all know,language is very useful. local language so that you can talk with the Many people speak English in the world,but many children. students from poor places almost never learn ORequirements(要求) English.The Teaching English Centre needs you to You should be good with children and like work as a volunteer teacher for students there. OExperience(经验) teaching English.When you are teaching,you need You don't need teaching experience in the to wear right clothes.You shouldn't wear skirts. 98 OWork Do you know the Summer Reading Club? You will teach students from Grade 7 to We start this club to help children develop good Grade 9 according to your experience.Classes habits(养成好习惯)of reading in summer,The are from Monday to Friday,9 a.m.to 3 p.m. club is open from June 27 to August 25 every OThe working place:In Sunshine Middle School, year.We give kids games,activities,gifts and River Village. more things to make them read happily. OTime:1~12 weeks. Now we need twelve student volunteers for If you want to come,please call Mrs next year's club！ Johnson at 9700-5678. Are you good with children?Do you like ()16.Why does the Teaching English reading?Are you good at Chinese or English? Center need volunteer teachers? Can you think of new games to play?If your A.To build many new schools. answers are yes,then you can be in our reading B.To teach English to students in a club. poor place. C.To make money for the center. Would you like to be a helper in our club? D.To help the old people in the Please e-mail us at Jennifer@xx.com.You can village. also call Jennifer at 880-2726 for more ()17.What can we know from the passage? information. A.Only students from cities like learning I think this is a great club.Please join us to English. make it better! B.Volunteers can get about 200 yuan 19.Why do they start the Summer Reading a week. Club? C.A volunteer needs to work 30 hours a week. 20.When is the Summer Reading Club open D.Volunteers need to have a lot of every year? teaching experiences. ()i8.新考向·写作目的Why did the writer 21.Who can you call for more information? write this passage? A.To tell us about a great place. B.To talk about a study activity. 22.What does the writer think of the Summer C.To ask people to take part in this Reading Club? volunteer activity. D.To give students some advice on how to learn English. 23.新考向·开放性问答What kind of volunteer V.阅读表达。 work would you like to do?Why? 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Volunteers Wanted for Summer Reading Club △八年级·上册·英语·小 99 Lesson3Let's go volunteer！(答案P1l) VBBAB333333310334133 通基础 L1EKK11111114111111111111111411141 I.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。 9.Daniel and his friends enjoyed themselves 1.The tourists should take away all the the robot exhibition centre last week. when they leave. Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 2.How do you start a c in English? leave...behind,pick up,in the centre of, 3.I think it's very c to wear a pair of clean up,pass by,provide...with sports shoes when we are travelling 10.They need several kids to help 4.The woman didn't n the importance the city park. of health unless she got seriously ill. 11.The book How to Read a Book me Ⅱ.根据句意在横线上填写适当的单词。 much advice on reading. 5.Mr Lin spends his free time picking 12.I saw lots of farmers working in the field empty bottles in the park. when I 6.Write the key words on a piece of 13.When you are busy with a hobby,you paper when listening to the tape. all your worries 7.They think it for a while and give an 14.I live the city.It is answer. convenient for me to go shopping. Developing good reading habits takes 15.It's my first time to long time. rubbish with my brother in the park. VMB3033B303311331314131143114 通能力 LMHH1111111111114411144111111 W.补全对话。 A:Oh,I see.See you then. 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适 B:20. 当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 V.完形填空。 A:16. When you hear the word“volunteering”, B:I often do some voluntary work in a what do you think of it?You may think children's hospital in my free time. volunteering is to help others,21 them A:17. money or things.It is true that volunteering can B:Because I want to help people who need help. help others,and it can also help you.22 A:May I join you? you're sad about something,doing some B:18. We will have an volunteering can be a great way to deal with your activity this Friday afternoon,and you can bad feeling. go with me. Volunteering also lets you see your own life A:19 23 new ways.Sometimes it's easy to 24 B:At 4 p.m. about some things like grades and health.You 100 can also get angry because you don't have the M.阅读理解。 newest computer games.Volunteering makes you 多模态语篇·百记（唐山期末) 25 some time doing other things for a while. Saturday September 6,2025 Sunny Lots of people find that they 26 enjoy Today our head teacher Ms Li led us to do volunteering.Volunteering experiences often put some volunteer work in our school.She also led us you in a different environment.27 example, to the City Park and the Children's Hospital.It you might know that just on the other side of your was my first time to be a volunteer.I cleaned the benches and picked up litter in the City Park.At town,some kids really need winter 28.You'll that time,I found people smiling at me.In the know that,thanks to you,some kids have 29 Children's Hospital,I told some stories and jokes coats,hats and shoes in winter. which made the children happy.At the end of the Doing volunteer work means one very 30 day,I felt quite tired but happy.If I have a chance thing:You make a difference to the world. to be a volunteer after I graduate from college,I ()21.A.finding B.showing would like to go to the countryside to teach C.borrowing D.giving children.I hope that I could do something for ( )22.A.If B.Where them. C.How D.Why Volunteering is a great job.It can not only ( )23.A.of B.in help others but also bring us happiness and improve ourselves.Although it may be a small C.with D.for thing,it can also make a great difference to the ()24.A.worry B.care world.So take action and be helpful. C.think D.learn )32.What did the writer do as a volunteer )25.A.pay B.cost today? C.spend D.take A.He led some visitors around his )26.A.real B.really school. C.nice D.nicely B.He smiled at people in the City Park. )27.A.To B.At C.He told stories and jokes to the C.With D.For children. ()28.A.food B.water D.He taught children in the countryside. C.clothes D.houses ( )33.What did people think of the writer's )29.A.cold B.warm volunteering work in the park? C.thin D.cool A.Sorry. B.Upset. C.Pleased. D.Surprised. )30.A.important B.impossible ( )34.What will the writer probably do after C.difficult D.excited he graduates from college? 【拓展练习】 A.Raise money for children. 3l.新考向：开放性问答What does volunteer B.Help workers in daily life. work mean? C.Study harder for further education. D.Teach the children in the countryside. △八年级·上册·英语·) 101 Lesson4 Li Lin's volunteering story(答案Pll) W 通基础 LL1KE111111141111411111111411411 I.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 8.I have more (communicate)with my exam,support,host,imagine,radio friends by sending e-mails on the Internet. 1.To be a good of school art festival, 9.Thank you very much for (invite) Jack will receive training next week. me to your birthday party. 2.A true friend always you whenever 10.Mum always teaches me how (be) you are in trouble. a better person. 3.My grandpa likes listening to the Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 before going to bed. 情境命题 4.Check your papers carefully,and make one's day,share with,a little bit of, you may find some mistakes. because of,that's very kind of you 5.-I can't living in a world without 11.Yesterday,my friend Emma water. me her favourite cookies. -Me neither. 12.It was just sweetness, Ⅱ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 but it meant so much to me. 6.After several months'training,Mrs Lee is 13.“ ,”I told her happily. good at (nurse)the patient. 14.This small act really 7.Let me explain (brief)how to use 15 Emma's kindness,I the dictionary. realized how simple things can bring joy. W 通能力 LMMK1K11111141111111411 W.完形填空。 working with my friends. Last year,I volunteered at a community There was rubbish inside the bottles,and centre with my friends.As soon as we arrived,I we had to remove it.Some of my friends were saw lots of plastic 16 on the ground.I was not 20 when doing this work.Neither was I. thinking,“What are we going to do with those??” 21 we went on with our work because it was A group of people from the centre 17 important and could help make the environment us and led us to the bottles.One person 18, better.After removing the covers and caps,we “Today,you are going to help to remove(去掉) put the bottles into a large box. the plastic covers and caps from all these plastic After a long day,we 22 finished our bottles."After I 19 my gloves,I began work.I was tired but I really 23 the work. 102 I feel like this was a special 24 for me.Any 续表 act,no matter how 25 it is,can have huge Linda:11/4/2511:10a.m. influence on our future.This is what Since 2025,I have been volunteering to teach volunteering teaches me. English in a primary school in Hebei.I go there twice a month.Local people always offer me lots of ( )16.A.covers B.bottles fruit and vegetables that they grow by themselves. C.caps D.boxes Life there is enjoyable and relaxing. ( )17.A.watched B.missed C.welcomed D.controlled Frank:11/4/253:06p.m. )18.A.explained B.repeated I joined Animal Welfare Helper two years ago. C.joked D.shouted The project is to save and protect animals in danger. )19.A.put on B.sold off I feel lucky to be a voice for these animals.Working C.took away D.looked after with animals makes me happier and healthier. )20.A.proud B.careful Bella:11/4/253:53p.m. C.stupid D.comfortable Last month,I had a chance to volunteer for the ( )21.A.And B.But Food Drive.My job was to help organize the C.So D.As donations(捐赠)and give out food to families in )22.A.quickly B.finally need.I feel happy that I can do something to help C.coldly D.privately them. ()23.A.hated B.rushed )26.Which of the four students has been C.enjoyed D.began volunteering the longest? )24.A.method B.order C.invention A.Scott. B.Linda. D.experience )25.A.modern B.kind C.Frank. D.Bella. C.small D.thoughtful )27.What do the four students have in V.阅读理解。 common? 新素养·思维品质（承德期末） A.They enjoy offering help. http://volunteeractivities sharing.com.cn B.They find volunteering a waste of Being a great volunteer means helping others time. and making a difference.The following are the C.They like to volunteer for the experiences and feelings of four people. same event. Scott:11/4/258:30a.m. D.They want to get something from I have been a member of the Community Clean- the people they help. up for more than seven years.We have a lot of ( )28.新考向·文章出处Where can we activities,such as picking up leaves in the parks, probably read the text? painting old houses and planting flowers.Taking A.In a novel. B.In a diary. part in these activities is meaningful. C.In a report. D.On a website. 八年级·上册·英语·)i 103 Lesson5You're welcome to help out！(答案Pl2) W 通基础 L1KK11141111111111141111411111141 I.根据句意在横线上填写适当的单词。 Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.We can collect stamps a hobby. seek,senior,staff,field,wisdom 2.I am never late for school Monday to 6.All the of the company must wear Friday. suits on weekdays. 3.He as well his friends dreams of 7.Through his he solved the problem making a new model plane. successfully. 4.We should help our parents 8.I'm very excited that I will go to some high school in September. housework at home because we are one of the 9.The students are going on a two-day visit to family members. Mount Fanjing for their spring trip. 5.The sunlight, seven different 10.The children spent the whole afternoon colours,is shining through the window. together playing hide and 词汇串记 I was shy and always can't 11. (交 18, (一边)with my head down. well with others.Once I have an 12. Another volunteer passed 19. and (机会)to be part13. a group prepare 20. (注意到)me.He told me that for an activity.Some 14. voluntary) there's some work to do,and they needed my were busy 15. collect)materials. help.With his help,I felt less nervous and had Wanting to join them,I 16. (greet) good 21. (谈话)with them.Since them and asked what I could do for them. then,I have become more outgoing.I like However,one of the volunteers said,"No, joining 22. activities and making thank you."and leave me 17. friends.I thanked the volunteer 23. Realizing I was refused,I stood there with great (sincere)for 24. (支持)me.That's embarrassment.Then I walked to another very kind 25 him! VHH 通能力 /11I11/1l/11/ll1/1I111I/l11l/1/11l/l1I11/ Ⅲ.阅读理解。 or her happy. 多模态语篇·广告 Your tasks include: Volunteers Needed 1.Talking and making friends with your Do you want to do something meaningful? patient; Would you like to help others?Here is a chance 2.Taking care of the patient when nurses for you.We will match you with a patient.You are busy; need to visit him or her regularly and make him 3.Helping to clean his or her ward(病房). 104and have fun in Wangfujing Street.I will choose to II.11.be responsible for 12.make a difference in take the bus.It's the cheapest. 13.is part of 14.get close to 15.join in On the third day,I decide to enjoy plays in Lao【通能力】 She Teahouse,and then take the taxi to Tiantan Park W.16~18BCC to enjoy the beautiful views. V.19.Because they want to help children develop I believe I can enjoy myself during the travel. good habits of reading (in summer). 素养提升专题 20.It's open from June 27th to August 25th every I.1~5 ABDCB 6~10 CBADB year. I.11~14 ACDC 21.We/I can call Jennifer for more information. 【文化链接】 22.The writer thinks it is a great club. 1.C2.A3.B 23.I would like to plant trees for the city. Unit 7 Let's volunteer! Because I want to have a greener city..(开放性 问题，答案合理即可) 单元知识清单 Lesson 3 Let's go volunteer! 【词汇拓展】 【通基础】 1.value 2.collection 3.volunteer 4.prepare I.1.garbage 2.conversation 3.comfortable 5.character 6.responsibility 7.communication 4.notice 【重点句型】 II.5.up 6.down 7.about 8.a 9.at 1.have any plans 2.going to do II.10.clean up 11.provides;with 12.passed by Lesson 1 I'd like to volunteer! 13.leave;behind 14.in the centre of 【通基础】 15.pick up I.1.rubbish 2.side 3.apply 4.voluntary 【通能力】 5.shelter I.16.What do you often do in your free time? II.6.valuable;value 7.elderly 8.collecting 17.Why do you do it?/Why? 9.volunteer 10.communities 18.Of course./Sure. II.11.twice a week 12.on the side of 13.care for 19.When will/shall we meet? 14.checked out 15.Try your hand at 20.See you! 【通能力】 V.21~25 DABAC 26~30 BDCBA I.16.What would you like to do? 【拓展练习】 17.No,I won't. 18.What about you? 31.It means that you can make a difference to the 19.Thanks for your advice./Thank you./Thank world.(开放性问题，答案合理即可) M.32~34CCD you very much. 20.I hope so. Lesson 4 Li Lin's volunteering story V.21~23CBC 【通基础】 M.24.to do 25.plans 26.volunteer 27.healthy I.1.host 2.supports 3.radio 4.exam 28.an 29.to join 30.better 31.her 32.as 5.imagine 33.at 34.talented 35.bought 36.photos II.6.nursing 7.briefly 8.communication 37.lovely 38.What 9.inviting 10.to be Lesson 2 Join us! II.11.shared with 12.a little bit of 【通基础】 13.That's very kind of you 14.made my day I.1.program 2.grammar 3.information 15.Because of 4.greets 5.opportunity 【通能力】 I.6.sincerely 7.preparation 8.pronunciation N.16~20 BCAAD 21~25 BBCDC 9.responsibility 10.characteristics V.26~28AAD 11 Lesson 5 You're welcome to help out! 素养提升专题 【通基础】 I.1~5 BACBD 6~10 ABDCC I.1.as 2.from 3.as 4.with 5.including II.11~15 BCBDC II.6.staff 7.wisdom 8.senior 9.field 10.seek I.16.The Olympic volunteers. 【词汇串记】 17.By smiling and helping the Games go smoothly. 11.communicate 12.opportunity 13.of 18.The wind. 14.volunteers 15.collecting 16.greeted 19.Important. 17.behind 18.side 19.by 20.noticed 20.Yes,I do.Because they always do their best 21.conversations 22.in 23.sincerely to encourage the athletes.(开放性问题，答案合 24.supporting 25.of 理即可) 【通能力】 Ⅲ.26~28CBA Unit 8 Protecting the environment N.29.It is mainly about something to help us to be 单元知识清单 ready for volunteering. 【词汇拓展】 30.Because when you volunteer,you're exercising 1.harm 2.stomachache 3.product 4.pollution too and it can help you keep fit. 5.proper 6.solve 7.expensive 8.death;dying 31.The reason for their volunteer work and their 9.survival hobbies. 【重点句型】 32.At any place or even online. 1.To carry out 2.How much 33.Yes,I do.Because I want to help others in need.(开放性问题，答案合理即可) Lesson 1 Let's clean it up! 【通基础】 语法专题 I.1.bin 2.shark 3.gun 4.whale 5.bottle I.1.to take 2.to join 3.to finish 4.to go II.6.worse 7.harmful 8.plastic 9.behaviour 5.to be 10.stomachache II.6.to help 7.to be 8.to care 9.to look II.11.go for a swim 12.agree to 13.is harmful to 10.to take/take 11.to get 12.to play 14.the rest of 15.You're kidding me 13.to use 14.to offer 15.to live 【通能力】 写作专题 N.16~20 CBCAD 21~25 BACAC 【写作训练】 V.26~28BBD One possible version: Dear Chris, Lesson 2 Look at the plastic! Thank you for your email.I would like to share with 【通基础】 you an experience I had as a volunteer. I.1.cheap 2.waste 3.tons 4.reduce 5.affect Last summer,I got an opportunity to volunteer at a II.6.killing 7.properly 8.products 9.pollution Children's Home in the community.My main duty 10.solution was to take care of children aged five to seven years II.11.suffered from 12.tons of 13.end up old.They were very friendly.They showed me big 14.a big impact on 15.instead of smiles when they saw a bag of gifts I brought for 【通能力】 them.I did lots of things with them.I read stories, N.16~20 CABCB 21~25 DDCAB sang songs,and taught them something I was good V.26.Wind and rain. at.It was a wonderful day.I was happy to be able to 27.Because they think the plastic is food,eat it, do something for little kids. and get very sick or even die. Yours, 28.It is helpful and creative..(开放性问题，答案合 Li Hua 理即可) 12