【同步100分背默】Unit6 Wisdom counts-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步知识背默（沪教版2024）

【同步100分背默】Unit6 Wisdom counts 知识清单 一．词句背默 重点 单词 1.author /ˈɔːθə(r)/ n. 作者；作家 2.remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ n. 遗迹；遗址 3.locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 把……安置在（或建造在） 4.soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵 5.*captain /ˈkæptɪn/ n. 首领；领导者 6.empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 7.victory /ˈempti/ n. 胜利；成功 8.joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话；玩笑 9.midnight /ˈmɪdnaɪt/ n. 午夜 10.except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外 11.hide /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽 12.secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地 13.enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进来；进入 14.succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 达到目的；成功 15.*trick /trɪk/ n. 诡计 16.fight /faɪt/ v. 打仗；战斗 17.beat /biːt/ v. 打败（某人）; 敲打 18.*pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；佯装 19.enemy /ˈenəmi/ n. 敌人 20.fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到） 21.therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此；所以 22.within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在（某段时间）之内 23.fill /fɪl/ v. （使）充满；（使）装满 24.towards /təˈwɔːdz/ prep. 向；朝；对着 25.attack /əˈtæk/ n. 袭击；攻击 26.fog /fɒɡ/ n. 雾 词汇拓展 1.locate v. 确定……的位置→ location n. 位置；地点 2.victory n. 胜利；成功→ victorious adj. 胜利的；获胜的 3.joke n. 玩笑→ joker n. 爱开玩笑的人；（纸牌中的）百搭牌，王牌 4.hide v. 隐藏 → hid （hide的过去式）→ hidden （hide的过去分词） 5.secret adj. 秘密的→ secretly adv. 秘密地→ secretary n. 秘书；书记员，干事 6.success n. 成功；成就 → successful adj. 成功的 → successfully adv. 成功地；圆满地→ succeed v. 成功，达成 7.trick n. 计谋→ tricky adj. 难对付的，棘手的 8.fight v. 斗争；打斗→ fighter n. 战斗者→ fought（fight的过去式）→ fought （fight的过去分词） 9.beat v. 敲打；打败（某人）→ beat （beat的过去式）→ beaten （beat的过去分词） 10.attack n. 袭击；攻击→ attacker n. 攻击者；进攻者 11.fog n. 雾→ foggy adj. 有雾的，雾气茫茫的 12.make v. 制造；制定，拟定→ made （make的过去式）→ made （make的过去分词） 13.full adj. 充满的→ fully adv. 充分地，完全地 重点 短语 1.make jokes about 开……的玩笑 2.succeed in在……方面成功 3.be tired of 厌烦 4.go on board 上船 5.be jealous of 嫉妒 6.be full of 装满；充满 重点 句子 1. 这位作者写了很多关于古代故事的书。The author has written many books about ancient stories. 2. 他们在寻找古代遗迹。They are looking for the ancient remains . 3. 他设法藏起了秘密。He managed to hide the secret. 4. 最终，他们成功完成了任务。Finally, they succeeded in finishing the task. 5. 不要开你朋友的玩笑。Don't make jokes about your friends. 6. 这个盒子装满了旧书。The box is full of old books. 7. 士兵们在午夜秘密进入了城堡。The soldiers entered the castle secretly at midnight. 8. 他们的计划失败了，因此不得不改变策略。Their plan failed, so they had to change their strategy. 二．课文背默 Reading The night of the horse The soldier came down the stairs—two at a time. “Captain, they’ve gone,” he cried. “The Greek soldiers have disappeared—all of them. I can’t see …” But the captain was no l 1 listening. He was going up the stairs—three at a time. Seconds later, the captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. He looked down at the empty Greek camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea. “They’ve gone and we’ve won,” he said. “The Greek army has tried for ten years to capture our city. Now, they’ve s 2 away and taken everything with them.” “Not everything, sir,” the soldier said. “They’ve left their horse.” Outside the main gate of the city stood a huge w 3 horse. “Ah, yes,” the captain said, “that wooden horse. It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them. Well, it’s ours now. Get some help and p 4 it into the city. That won’t be difficult. It’s on wheels.” “But why is it on wheels?” asked the soldier. “I think that maybe the Greeks want us to …” The captain stopped him and said, “You’re a s 5 . It’s not your job to think. Your job is to obey orders, and I’m giving you one now. Move that horse!” So the Trojans pulled the wooden horse into the city. That night, all the Trojans c 6 their victory in the main square. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. Then they m 7 sure all the gates of the city were locked, and went to bed. By midnight, the main square was empty, e 8 for the huge horse. Some Greek soldiers were hiding inside. They waited for another hour, to be sure. Then, very carefully, they opened the secret door on the horse’s side and climbed out. No guards were around so they quietly made their way to the main gate and let in the Greek soldiers w 9 outside. These soldiers secretly came back while the Trojans were celebrating. Now the Greek army entered the city. The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy. In the end, they succeeded in c 10 it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting. 1.longer 2.sailed 3.wooden 4.pull 5.soldier 6.celebrated 7.made 8.except 9.waiting 10.capturing 一名士兵一步两级地跑下楼梯。“长官，他们跑了，” 他大喊，“希腊士兵都不见了 —— 一个不剩。我没看见……” 但长官已经不听他说话了，他正一步三级地往楼上跑。 没过几秒，长官就站在了特洛伊城的高墙上。他俯瞰着空荡荡的希腊军营，以及军营外同样空荡荡的大海。“他们跑了，我们赢了，” 他说，“希腊军队花了十年时间想要攻占我们的城市。现在，他们扬帆起航，把所有东西都带走了。” “不是所有东西，长官，” 士兵说，“他们留下了他们的马。” 城市主城门外立着一匹巨大的木马。 “啊，对，” 长官说，“那匹木马。它太大了，他们带不走。好吧，现在它归我们了。找些人来把它拉进城。这不难，它有轮子。” “可它为什么有轮子呢？” 士兵问，“我觉得也许希腊人想让我们……” 长官打断他，说：“你是个士兵，思考不是你的职责。你的职责是服从命令，我现在就给你下一道命令。把那匹马挪走！” 于是，特洛伊人把木马拉进了城。 那天晚上，所有特洛伊人都在主广场庆祝胜利。他们围着木马又唱又跳，还嘲笑愚蠢的希腊人。之后，他们确认城市的所有城门都锁好了，就去睡觉了。 到了午夜，主广场上除了那匹巨大的木马，空无一人。一些希腊士兵正藏在木马里面。他们又等了一个小时，确保万无一失。然后，他们非常小心地打开木马侧面的暗门，爬了出来。周围没有守卫，所以他们悄悄前往主城门，把等在外面的希腊士兵放了进来。这些士兵趁着特洛伊人庆祝时偷偷溜了回来。现在，希腊军队进入了城市。 希腊人花了十年时间试图占领特洛伊城。最后，他们用一个巧妙的计谋，没费一兵一卒，仅在一夜之间就成功攻占了城池。 三．知识背默 1. remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ n. 遗迹；遗址 （1）Visiting the ancient remains helps us learn about past civilizations.参观古代遗迹帮我们了解过往文明。 （2）Archaeologists are studying the remains of an old castle.考古学家在研究一座古老城堡的遗迹。 用法解析 其他词性 & 词义：v. 留下；剩余 短语：ancient remains 古代遗迹 the remains of... …… 的遗迹 / 残余 2. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 把…… 安置在（或建造于） （1）They decided to locate the new factory in the industrial park.他们决定把新工厂建在工业园区。 （2）Our school is located in the west of the city.我们学校位于城市西部。 用法解析 派生词：location n. 位置；场所 短语：locate sth. in... 把某物安置在…… be located in... 位于…… 3. empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 用法解析 反义词：full adj. 满的 （1）She found an empty bottle by the river.她在河边发现一个空瓶子。 （2）The classroom is empty because the students are having PE class.教室是空的，因为学生在上体育课。 4. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话；玩笑 （1）He often tells a joke to make us laugh in class.他课上常讲笑话逗我们笑。 （2）It’s not polite to play a joke on others in public.当众开别人玩笑不礼貌。 用法解析 派生词：joker n. 爱开玩笑的人；小丑 短语：tell a joke 讲个笑话play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑 5. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除…… 之外 （1）The teacher praised everyone except the lazy student.老师表扬了除懒学生外的所有人。 （2）Besides Tom, we all went to the park.除了汤姆，我们也都去了公园。 用法解析 辨析：except prep. 除...... 之外（排除在外）；besides prep. 除…… 还有（包括在内） 6. hide /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽 用法解析 过去式：hid；过去分词：hidden （1）She hid the truth from her parents to avoid worrying them.她向父母隐瞒真相，避免他们担心。 （2）He hid behind the door and wanted to surprise his sister.他藏在门后，想给妹妹个惊喜。 7. enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进来；进入 用法解析 派生词：entrance n. 入口；进入 （1）A stranger entered the room and surprised everyone.一个陌生人进入房间，吓到了所有人。 （2）Please knock before you enter a room.进入房间前请敲门。 8. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 达成目的；成功 （1）He succeeded in passing the driving test.他成功通过了驾照考试。 （2）They succeeded in finishing the project on time.他们成功按时完成项目。 用法解析 派生词：success n. 成功 短语：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 9. fight /faɪt/ v. 打仗；战斗 （1）Soldiers fight for their country’s freedom.士兵为国家自由而战。 （2）People fight against diseases to stay healthy.人们对抗疾病以保持健康。 用法解析 过去式 / 过去分词：fought 短语：fight for... 为…… 而战；为…… 奋斗 fight against... 对抗……；与…… 战斗 10. beat /biːt/ v. 打败（某人）；敲打 用法解析 过去式：beat；过去分词：beaten （1）She beat her classmate in the English competition.她在英语竞赛中击败了她的同学。 （2）The boy likes to beat the drum loudly.男孩喜欢大声打鼓。 11. pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；佯装 （1）He pretended to be asleep when his mother came in.妈妈进来时，他假装睡觉。 （2）He pretends that he knows everything.他假装自己无所不知。 用法解析 短语：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 pretend + 从句：假装…… 12. fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到） （1）He failed to pass the math exam because of carelessness.他因粗心没能通过数学考试。 （2）Many students are afraid of failing the final test.很多学生害怕期末考试不及格。 用法解析 派生词：failure n. 失败 反义词：succeed v. 成功 短语：fail to do sth. 未能做某事 13. fill /fɪl/ v.（使）充满；（使）装满 （1）Fill the bottle with water before leaving.出发前把瓶子装满水。 （2）His eyes were filled with tears when he heard the news.听到消息时，他眼里满是泪水。 用法解析 短语：fill A with B 用 B 装满 A be filled with (= be full of) 充满…… 14. be tired of 厌烦 用法解析 同义结构：be bored with （1）She is tired of eating the same lunch every day.她厌倦了每天吃一样的午饭。 （2）Boys often are tired of boring TV shows.男生们经常对无聊的电视节目感到厌烦。 15. be full of 装满；充满 用法解析 同义结构：be filled with （1）The basket is full of fresh fruits.篮子里装满了新鲜水果。 （2）His heart is full of hope and dreams.他的心里充满希望和梦想。   16. They looked down at the empty Roman camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea.  他们俯瞰着空荡荡的罗马营地，越过营地，望向空荡荡的大海。 【知识点 1】 （1）She looked down at her shoes and noticed they were dirty.她低头看了看自己的鞋，发现它们脏了。 （2）It’s wrong to look down on people with disabilities.看不起残疾人是错误的。 （3）Look at the blackboard, please.请看黑板。 （4）The child looked up at the stars in the sky.孩子抬头看着天上的星星。 用法解析 look down at 向下看；俯瞰；低头看 ① 强调动作的方向（向下）和目标（看向某个具体对象）。 ② 有时带有 “轻视；看不起” 的引申义。 ③ look down on/upon：表示 “轻视；看不起”；look at：表示 “看；注视”；look up at：表示 “向上看；抬头看”。 【知识点 2】 （1）Look at the house, beyond it, at the river.看这座房子，越过它，看那条河。 （2）She looks at the lake, beyond it, at the distant hills.她望着湖泊，越过它，看向远处的山丘。 用法解析 beyond it 作插入语 ① 介词短语作插入语，补充说明空间关系。 ② beyond：介词，意为 “在…… 较远的一边；越过……”。 ③ it：指代 “the empty Roman camp”，避免名词重复。 ④ 插入语的作用是补充细节，去掉后句子主干仍完整。 17. Outside the main gate of the village stood a tiny wooden horse.   村庄正门外立着一匹小小的木马。 【知识点】 （1）In the valley lies a clear blue lake.山谷里有一片清澈的蓝湖。 （2）At the foot of the mountain lies a quiet village.山脚下有个安静的村庄。 （3）Near the old mill stands a well that has been used for centuries.古老磨坊附近，有一口已使用数百年的水井。 用法解析 完全倒装 ① 表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且句子主语是名词（短语）时，需将谓语动词提前到主语前，构成完全倒装。 ② 正常语序：A tiny wooden horse stood outside the main gate of the village. ③ 倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数要与主语（位于谓语后）保持一致。 ④ 若主语是代词（如 “it/they/he” 等），则不能倒装。 18. They silently made their way to the main gate and let in the Roman guards waiting outside. 他们悄无声息地前往正门，把等候在外面的罗马卫兵放了进来。 【知识点 1】 （1）The fans made their way to the stage to see the singer.粉丝们挤向舞台去看歌手。 （2）We made our way to the top of the mountain in the rain.我们冒雨登上了山顶。 用法解析 make one’s way to 前往、设法到达某地 ① 强调有目的、克服一定困难或缓慢地移动。 ② to 不可省略。 【知识点 2】 （1）The girl singing in the park is my sister. = The girl who is singing in the park is my sister.在公园里唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹（姐姐）。 用法解析 现在分词短语作后置定语 ① waiting outside 作后置定语，修饰 the Roman guards，相当于定语从句 “who were waiting outside”。 ② 与被修饰词是主动关系，且动作与主句谓语同时发生。 ③ 本质：相当于一个主动语态的定语从句（常可转换为 “who/which + is/are doing” 结构）。 19. We succeeded in capturing it in three days with a clever trick.我们用一个巧妙的计谋，仅在三天内就成功攻占了它。 【知识点 1】 （1）She succeeded in passing the driving test on her first try.她第一次考驾照就成功通过了。 （2）He was successful in getting the job.他成功得到了那份工作。 （3）He succeeded his friend as manager of the new shop.他接替朋友担任新商店的经理。 （4）The new manager will succeed to his position next month.新经理将于下月接替他的职位。 用法解析 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 ① succeed：不及物动词，必须加介词 in，后接动名词。 ② 同义短语：be successful in (doing) sth. 做某事成功。 ③ succeed 作为及物动词，还可表示继承或接替；succeed sb. as sth. 接替某人担任某职位；succeed to sth. 继承（职位、头衔、财产等）。 【知识点 2】 （1）He fooled the guard with a clever trick.他用一个巧妙的计谋骗过了守卫。 （3）She opened the stuck jar with a clever trick.她用一个巧妙的窍门打开了卡住的罐子。 用法解析 with a clever trick 用一个巧妙的计谋 ① with：介词，表示 “用；通过某种方式、工具、手段”。 ② clever：强调 “聪明的、巧妙的”。 ③ trick：此处指 “计谋、手段、窍门”（可数名词，单数形式前加冠词 “a”）。 20. Zhuge Liang won’t be able to make 100,000 arrows. 诸葛亮将无法造出十万支箭。 【知识点】 （1）She won’t be able to finish the project by Friday.她周五前将无法完成这个项目。 （2）They won’t be able to attend the meeting tomorrow.他们明天将不能参加会议。 （3）We won’t be able to reach the top of the mountain before dark.我们天黑前将无法到达山顶。 用法解析 won’t be able to... 未来没能力 / 不会做某事 ① won’t = will not：一般将来时的否定助动词。 ② be able to：固定短语，表示 “能够；有能力做某事”，可灵活用于各种时态。 ③ can 也表示 “能够”，情态动词，只有现在时（can）和过去时（could）。 21. Zhuge Liang asked soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men.诸葛亮让士兵们用稻草人装满 20 艘大船。 【知识点】 （1）The kids filled the garden with colorful balloons.孩子们用彩色气球把花园装点得满满的。 （2）The street is filled with people during the festival.节日期间，街上挤满了人。 用法解析 fill...with... 用…… 把…… 装满 ① 强调使某物内部充满具体的人或事物。 ② 被动语态：be filled with... 被…… 充满 / 填满。 22. He ordered the soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the drums and the shouting. 他命令士兵们朝着鼓声和呐喊声的方向射箭。 【知识点 1】 （1）He often orders his assistant to finish reports.他经常命令助手完成报告。 （2）The manager ordered the staff not to leave early.经理命令员工不许早退。 （3）We were ordered to submit the plan by Friday.我们被命令周五前提交计划。 用法解析 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 ① 强调上级对下级、权威者对他人的强制性指令。 ② order：动词，意为 “命令；指令”，体现 “强制性”。 ③ to do sth.：动词不定式作宾语补足语。 ④ 否定：order sb. not to do sth. 命令某人不要做某事。 ⑤ 被动：sb. be ordered to do sth. 某人被命令做某事。 【知识点 2】 （1）The hunter shot arrows towards the running deer.猎人朝着奔跑的鹿射箭。 （2）They shoot arrows towards the practice area.他们朝着练习区射箭。 用法解析 shoot arrows towards 朝着…… 方向射箭 ① shoot：动词，意为 “发射；射出”，还可接 bullets 子弹、stones 石子等，如 shoot bullets（开枪）。 ② arrows：名词，“箭”，常用复数形式。 ③ towards：介词，意为 “朝着；向…… 方向”，后接目标。 四．语法背默 现在完成时(2) 　　现在完成时可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在。 一． for和since在现在完成时中的应用 (1)在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。for后接一段时间,如for five years;而since后多接时间点,如since January 2020。 They have had the cat since they got married. 他们自结婚以来就一直养着这只猫。 They have been married for twenty years. 他们已经结婚二十年了。 　　“since+时间点”和“for+时间段”常作现在完成时的标志。两者之间常可以进行同义转换。 Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist since eight years ago.=Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist for eight years.陈笑八年前就梦想成为一名生物学家。 (2)对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,常用how long。 How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了? How long have you played tennis? 你打网球打了多长时间了? 二． 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 (1)在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,常用延续性动词与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 It has rained for three hours.雨已经下了三个小时了。 (2)与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词或表示状态的短语等。 I borrowed this magazine three months ago. 我三个月前借了这本杂志。 →I have kept this magazine for three months.这本杂志我已经借来三个月了。 (3)常见的非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的情况: ① 用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”结构。 非延续性动词 结构 leave be away begin/start be on join be in/a member (of) die be dead open be open I joined the club two years ago. 我两年前加入的这个俱乐部。 →I have been in/a member of the club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部两年了。 ②用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep put on wear I bought this pop-up book about the Palace Museum one week ago. 我一周前买了这本关于故宫博物院的立体书。 →I have had this pop-up book about the Palace Museum for one week. 我买来这本关于故宫博物院的立体书已经一周了。 现在完成时 VS 一般过去时 含义与侧重点不同 （1）一般过去时： 强调动作在过去某个特定时间点发生并已结束，不涉及与现在的联系。 常与表示过去的时间状语连用（如：yesterday, last week...）。 例：I finished my homework last night.昨晚我完成了作业。（动作已结束，与现在无关） （2）现在完成时： 强调动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响或结果，或动作从过去持续到现在（常与 for, since 等时间状语连用）。 句子中不明确指出动作发生的具体时间，而是突出与现在的联系。 例：I have finished my homework.我已经完成了作业。（暗示现在可以做其他事，对现在有影响） （3）时间状语的差异 一般过去时：yesterday, last week/month/year, in 2020, just now, ago ...| 现在完成时：already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, so far, for + 时间段，since+ 时间点 ...| （4）动作持续性的区别 一般过去时： 表示的动作在过去某个时间点已结束，不涉及持续性。 例：He lived in Shanghai for 5 years.他在上海住了 5 年。（现在已不在上海，动作已结束） 现在完成时： 可以表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，且可能继续下去。 例：He has lived in Shanghai for 5 years.他在上海住了 5 年。（现在仍在上海，动作持续到现在）。 随堂训练 1.单项选择 1. The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 _____ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A. will work B. have worked C. is working D.works 2. —Do you know anything about One Belt One Road? —Yes, it _____ over 10 years since it started. A. was B. had been C. is D. has been 3. Since I was born, my family _____ in the same flat. A. live B. will live C. are living D. have lived 4. Hurry up! The movie _____ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. began C. has been on D. had begun 5. —When _____ you _____ the new car? —Well, I _____ it for a week. A. did, have; have had B. did, buy; have had C. did, buy; have bought D. did, have; have bought 1.BDDCB 2.短文填空 FROM: Liu Dan TO: Li Fang SUBJECT: I’ve found a great book. Dear Li Fang, I’ve just 6. _________ (finish) reading a great book at school. I haven’t 7. _________ (read) anything as good as that for a long time! It’s a story about the solar system(太阳系) . In the book, the writer imagines that astronauts have 8. _________ (be) to Mars(火星) . I’ve never 9. _________ (think) about that before and I think it’s very interesting. I haven’t 10. _________ (meet) anyone famous in my life but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut. I’ve 11. _________ (write) to Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei for more information about space and his experience of space travel. I hope he will write back. He hasn’t yet. Maybe he is too busy. I’m still waiting. Best wishes, Liu Dan 6-10.finished；read；been；thought；met；written 　　 五．写作背默 本单元的主题是“古代故事”,写作任务是写一个关于智慧的著名的古代故事。常见的写作话题有:介绍一个故事,并谈谈你对这个故事的看法。 　　中考文段表达和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以应用文或记叙文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报投稿等。 写作实例 　　假定你是学生李辉,即将参加学校英语社团组织的以“古代中国智慧故事”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语文章参加比赛。内容包括: 1.司马光和小伙伴们玩耍;2.一个小伙伴掉进水缸(water tank)中;3.司马光砸破水缸救出小伙伴。 注意:1.词数80以上;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文    2.时态:以一般过去时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 4.必备词句:①be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事　 ②lose one’s balance 失去平衡　 ③remain calm 保持冷静　 ④pick up 捡起　 ⑤run out 流出 ⑥The other children were so frightened that they didn’t know what to do next.其他的孩子都吓坏了,不知道接下来该怎么办。 ⑦He quickly looked around and an idea came to him when he saw a big stone nearby.他迅速环顾四周,当他看到附近有一块大石头时,他想到了一个主意。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 　　My name is Li Hui, and today I’m delighted to share with you an ancient Chinese wisdom story about Sima Guang. 　　One day, Sima Guang and his friends were playing happily ina courtyard. In the corner of the courtyard stood a huge water tank. Suddenly, one of his friends lost his balance and fell into the tank while they were playing around the tank. The other children were so frightened that they didn’t know what to do next.But Sima Guang remained calm. He quickly looked around and an idea came to him when he saw a big stone nearby. He picked up the stone and threw it at the water tank hard. The tank broke and the water ran out. The boy was saved at last. 　　This story teaches us that in difficult situations, we should stay calm and try to solve the problem in a right way. 写作实战 　　假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Mike对中国寓言故事很感兴趣。请你根据以下提示,告诉他一则守株待兔的寓言故事,内容包括: 1.时间、地点——古代中国;2.开始——农民曾经努力工作;3.经过——农民看到一只兔子撞到了树干;4.结果;5.寓言道理。 　　要求:1.80词以上(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);2.文中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称;3.可适当增加细节,以使语句通顺、条理清楚、语义连贯;4.书写规范,卷面整洁。 　　参考词汇:树干(trunk);撞上(run into);寓言(fable);寓意(moral);庄稼(crop) Dear Mike, 　　Learning that you’re interested in Chinese fables, I am writing to share a story about a farmer and a rabbit with you. In ancient China, there lived a hard-working farmer who spent all his days working hard in the fields. Thanks to his persistent efforts, his crops grew better than anyone else’s. One day, while he was busy working, something unexpected happened. A rabbit, running in a hurry, crashed into a tree trunk. It was so badly hurt that it died right away. The farmer was really surprised to get a rabbit without any effort. After that, the farmer no longer wanted to work and he just sat beside the tree trunk, waiting for more rabbits to come and hit the tree. Days turned into weeks, but not a single rabbit showed up. To make things even worse, all of his crops died.This fable teaches us that we should never rely on luck. The harder we work, the more luck we seem to have. How do you find this fable? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【同步100分背默】Unit6 Wisdom counts 知识清单 一．词句背默 重点 单词 1. /ˈɔːθə(r)/ n. 作者；作家 2. /rɪˈmeɪnz/ n. 遗迹；遗址 3. /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 把……安置在（或建造在） 4. /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵 5.* /ˈkæptɪn/ n. 首领；领导者 6. /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 7. /ˈempti/ n. 胜利；成功 8. /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话；玩笑 9. /ˈmɪdnaɪt/ n. 午夜 10. /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外 11. /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽 12. /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地 13. /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进来；进入 14. /səkˈsiːd/ v. 达到目的；成功 15.* /trɪk/ n. 诡计 16. /faɪt/ v. 打仗；战斗 17. /biːt/ v. 打败（某人）; 敲打 18.* /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；佯装 19. /ˈenəmi/ n. 敌人 20. /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到） 21. /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此；所以 22. /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在（某段时间）之内 23. /fɪl/ v. （使）充满；（使）装满 24. /təˈwɔːdz/ prep. 向；朝；对着 25. /əˈtæk/ n. 袭击；攻击 26. /fɒɡ/ n. 雾 词汇拓展 1.locate v. 确定……的位置→ n. 位置；地点 2.victory n. 胜利；成功→ adj. 胜利的；获胜的 3.joke n. 玩笑→ n. 爱开玩笑的人；（纸牌中的）百搭牌，王牌 4.hide v. 隐藏 → （hide的过去式）→ （hide的过去分词） 5.secret adj. 秘密的→ adv. 秘密地→ n. 秘书；书记员，干事 6.success n. 成功；成就 → adj. 成功的 → adv. 成功地；圆满地 → v. 成功，达成 7.trick n. 计谋→ adj. 难对付的，棘手的 8.fight v. 斗争；打斗→ n. 战斗者→ （fight的过去式）→ （fight的过去分词） 9.beat v. 敲打；打败（某人）→ （beat的过去式）→ （beat的过去分词） 10.attack n. 袭击；攻击→ n. 攻击者；进攻者 11.fog n. 雾→ adj. 有雾的，雾气茫茫的 12.make v. 制造；制定，拟定→ （make的过去式）→ （make的过去分词） 13.full adj. 充满的→ adv. 充分地，完全地 重点 短语 1. 开……的玩笑 2. 在……方面成功 3. 厌烦 4. 上船 5. 嫉妒 6. 装满；充满 重点 句子 1. 这位作者写了很多关于古代故事的书。The author has many books about stories. 2. 他们在寻找古代遗迹。They are for the ancient . 3. 他设法藏起了秘密。He to the secret. 4. 最终，他们成功完成了任务。Finally, they the task. 5. 不要开你朋友的玩笑。Don't your friends. 6. 这个盒子装满了旧书。The box old books. 7. 士兵们在午夜秘密进入了城堡。The soldiers the castle at midnight. 8. 他们的计划失败了，因此不得不改变策略。Their plan , so they had to their strategy. 二．课文背默 Reading The night of the horse The soldier came down the stairs—two at a time. “Captain, they’ve gone,” he cried. “The Greek soldiers have disappeared—all of them. I can’t see …” But the captain was no l 1 listening. He was going up the stairs—three at a time. Seconds later, the captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. He looked down at the empty Greek camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea. “They’ve gone and we’ve won,” he said. “The Greek army has tried for ten years to capture our city. Now, they’ve s 2 away and taken everything with them.” “Not everything, sir,” the soldier said. “They’ve left their horse.” Outside the main gate of the city stood a huge w 3 horse. “Ah, yes,” the captain said, “that wooden horse. It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them. Well, it’s ours now. Get some help and p 4 it into the city. That won’t be difficult. It’s on wheels.” “But why is it on wheels?” asked the soldier. “I think that maybe the Greeks want us to …” The captain stopped him and said, “You’re a s 5 . It’s not your job to think. Your job is to obey orders, and I’m giving you one now. Move that horse!” So the Trojans pulled the wooden horse into the city. That night, all the Trojans c 6 their victory in the main square. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. Then they m 7 sure all the gates of the city were locked, and went to bed. By midnight, the main square was empty, e 8 for the huge horse. Some Greek soldiers were hiding inside. They waited for another hour, to be sure. Then, very carefully, they opened the secret door on the horse’s side and climbed out. No guards were around so they quietly made their way to the main gate and let in the Greek soldiers w 9 outside. These soldiers secretly came back while the Trojans were celebrating. Now the Greek army entered the city. The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy. In the end, they succeeded in c 10 it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting. 一名士兵一步两级地跑下楼梯。“长官，他们跑了，” 他大喊，“希腊士兵都不见了 —— 一个不剩。我没看见……” 但长官已经不听他说话了，他正一步三级地往楼上跑。 没过几秒，长官就站在了特洛伊城的高墙上。他俯瞰着空荡荡的希腊军营，以及军营外同样空荡荡的大海。“他们跑了，我们赢了，” 他说，“希腊军队花了十年时间想要攻占我们的城市。现在，他们扬帆起航，把所有东西都带走了。” “不是所有东西，长官，” 士兵说，“他们留下了他们的马。” 城市主城门外立着一匹巨大的木马。 “啊，对，” 长官说，“那匹木马。它太大了，他们带不走。好吧，现在它归我们了。找些人来把它拉进城。这不难，它有轮子。” “可它为什么有轮子呢？” 士兵问，“我觉得也许希腊人想让我们……” 长官打断他，说：“你是个士兵，思考不是你的职责。你的职责是服从命令，我现在就给你下一道命令。把那匹马挪走！” 于是，特洛伊人把木马拉进了城。 那天晚上，所有特洛伊人都在主广场庆祝胜利。他们围着木马又唱又跳，还嘲笑愚蠢的希腊人。之后，他们确认城市的所有城门都锁好了，就去睡觉了。 到了午夜，主广场上除了那匹巨大的木马，空无一人。一些希腊士兵正藏在木马里面。他们又等了一个小时，确保万无一失。然后，他们非常小心地打开木马侧面的暗门，爬了出来。周围没有守卫，所以他们悄悄前往主城门，把等在外面的希腊士兵放了进来。这些士兵趁着特洛伊人庆祝时偷偷溜了回来。现在，希腊军队进入了城市。 希腊人花了十年时间试图占领特洛伊城。最后，他们用一个巧妙的计谋，没费一兵一卒，仅在一夜之间就成功攻占了城池。 三．知识背默 1. remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ n. 遗迹；遗址 （1）Visiting the ancient helps us learn about past civilizations.参观古代遗迹帮我们了解过往文明。 （2）Archaeologists are studying the remains an old castle.考古学家在研究一座古老城堡的遗迹。 用法解析 其他词性 & 词义：v. 留下；剩余 短语：ancient remains 古代遗迹 the remains of... …… 的遗迹 / 残余 2. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 把…… 安置在（或建造于） （1）They decided to the new factory in the industrial park.他们决定把新工厂建在工业园区。 （2）Our school is located the west of the city.我们学校位于城市西部。 用法解析 派生词：location n. 位置；场所 短语：locate sth. in... 把某物安置在…… be located in... 位于…… 3. empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 用法解析 反义词：full adj. 满的 （1）She found an bottle by the river.她在河边发现一个空瓶子。 （2）The classroom is because the students are having PE class.教室是空的，因为学生在上体育课。 4. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话；玩笑 （1）He often tells a to make us laugh in class.他课上常讲笑话逗我们笑。 （2）It’s not polite to play a on others in public.当众开别人玩笑不礼貌。 用法解析 派生词：joker n. 爱开玩笑的人；小丑 短语：tell a joke 讲个笑话play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑 5. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除…… 之外 （1）The teacher praised everyone the lazy student.老师表扬了除懒学生外的所有人。 （2） Tom, we all went to the park.除了汤姆，我们也都去了公园。 用法解析 辨析：except prep. 除...... 之外（排除在外）；besides prep. 除…… 还有（包括在内） 6. hide /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽 用法解析 过去式：hid；过去分词：hidden （1）She the truth from her parents to avoid worrying them.她向父母隐瞒真相，避免他们担心。 （2）He behind the door and wanted to surprise his sister.他藏在门后，想给妹妹个惊喜。 7. enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进来；进入 用法解析 派生词：entrance n. 入口；进入 （1）A stranger the room and surprised everyone.一个陌生人进入房间，吓到了所有人。 （2）Please knock before you a room.进入房间前请敲门。 8. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 达成目的；成功 （1）He in passing the driving test.他成功通过了驾照考试。 （2）They succeeded in the project on time.他们成功按时完成项目。 用法解析 派生词：success n. 成功 短语：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 9. fight /faɪt/ v. 打仗；战斗 （1）Soldiers for their country’s freedom.士兵为国家自由而战。 （2）People fight diseases to stay healthy.人们对抗疾病以保持健康。 用法解析 过去式 / 过去分词：fought 短语：fight for... 为…… 而战；为…… 奋斗 fight against... 对抗……；与…… 战斗 10. beat /biːt/ v. 打败（某人）；敲打 用法解析 过去式：beat；过去分词：beaten （1）She her classmate in the English competition.她在英语竞赛中击败了她的同学。 （2）The boy likes to the drum loudly.男孩喜欢大声打鼓。 11. pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；佯装 （1）He pretended asleep when his mother came in.妈妈进来时，他假装睡觉。 （2）He that he knows everything.他假装自己无所不知。 用法解析 短语：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 pretend + 从句：假装…… 12. fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到） （1）He to pass the math exam because of carelessness.他因粗心没能通过数学考试。 （2）Many students are afraid of the final test.很多学生害怕期末考试不及格。 用法解析 派生词：failure n. 失败 反义词：succeed v. 成功 短语：fail to do sth. 未能做某事 13. fill /fɪl/ v.（使）充满；（使）装满 （1） the bottle with water before leaving.出发前把瓶子装满水。 （2）His eyes were with tears when he heard the news.听到消息时，他眼里满是泪水。 用法解析 短语：fill A with B 用 B 装满 A be filled with (= be full of) 充满…… 14. be tired of 厌烦 用法解析 同义结构：be bored with （1）She is tired eating the same lunch every day.她厌倦了每天吃一样的午饭。 （2）Boys often are tired of TV shows.男生们经常对无聊的电视节目感到厌烦。 15. be full of 装满；充满 用法解析 同义结构：be filled with （1）The basket is full fresh fruits.篮子里装满了新鲜水果。 （2）His heart is of hope and dreams.他的心里充满希望和梦想。   16. They looked down at the empty Roman camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea.  他们俯瞰着空荡荡的罗马营地，越过营地，望向空荡荡的大海。 【知识点 1】 （1）She looked at her shoes and noticed they were dirty.她低头看了看自己的鞋，发现它们脏了。 （2）It’s wrong to look down people with disabilities.看不起残疾人是错误的。 （3）Look the blackboard, please.请看黑板。 （4）The child looked at the stars in the sky.孩子抬头看着天上的星星。 用法解析 look down at 向下看；俯瞰；低头看 ① 强调动作的方向（向下）和目标（看向某个具体对象）。 ② 有时带有 “轻视；看不起” 的引申义。 ③ look down on/upon：表示 “轻视；看不起”；look at：表示 “看；注视”；look up at：表示 “向上看；抬头看”。 【知识点 2】 （1）Look at the house, it, at the river.看这座房子，越过它，看那条河。 （2）She looks at the lake, it, at the distant hills.她望着湖泊，越过它，看向远处的山丘。 用法解析 beyond it 作插入语 ① 介词短语作插入语，补充说明空间关系。 ② beyond：介词，意为 “在…… 较远的一边；越过……”。 ③ it：指代 “the empty Roman camp”，避免名词重复。 ④ 插入语的作用是补充细节，去掉后句子主干仍完整。 17. Outside the main gate of the village stood a tiny wooden horse.   村庄正门外立着一匹小小的木马。 【知识点】 （1）In the valley a clear blue lake.山谷里有一片清澈的蓝湖。 （2）At the foot of the mountain a quiet village.山脚下有个安静的村庄。 （3）Near the old mill a well that has been used for centuries.古老磨坊附近，有一口已使用数百年的水井。 用法解析 完全倒装 ① 表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且句子主语是名词（短语）时，需将谓语动词提前到主语前，构成完全倒装。 ② 正常语序：A tiny wooden horse stood outside the main gate of the village. ③ 倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数要与主语（位于谓语后）保持一致。 ④ 若主语是代词（如 “it/they/he” 等），则不能倒装。 18. They silently made their way to the main gate and let in the Roman guards waiting outside. 他们悄无声息地前往正门，把等候在外面的罗马卫兵放了进来。 【知识点 1】 （1）The fans their way to the stage to see the singer.粉丝们挤向舞台去看歌手。 （2）We our way to the top of the mountain in the rain.我们冒雨登上了山顶。 用法解析 make one’s way to 前往、设法到达某地 ① 强调有目的、克服一定困难或缓慢地移动。 ② to 不可省略。 【知识点 2】 （1）The girl in the park is my sister. = The girl who is singing in the park is my sister.在公园里唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹（姐姐）。 用法解析 现在分词短语作后置定语 ① waiting outside 作后置定语，修饰 the Roman guards，相当于定语从句 “who were waiting outside”。 ② 与被修饰词是主动关系，且动作与主句谓语同时发生。 ③ 本质：相当于一个主动语态的定语从句（常可转换为 “who/which + is/are doing” 结构）。 19. We succeeded in capturing it in three days with a clever trick.我们用一个巧妙的计谋，仅在三天内就成功攻占了它。 【知识点 1】 （1）She succeeded in the driving test on her first try.她第一次考驾照就成功通过了。 （2）He was successful getting the job.他成功得到了那份工作。 （3）He his friend as manager of the new shop.他接替朋友担任新商店的经理。 （4）The new manager will to his position next month.新经理将于下月接替他的职位。 用法解析 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 ① succeed：不及物动词，必须加介词 in，后接动名词。 ② 同义短语：be successful in (doing) sth. 做某事成功。 ③ succeed 作为及物动词，还可表示继承或接替；succeed sb. as sth. 接替某人担任某职位；succeed to sth. 继承（职位、头衔、财产等）。 【知识点 2】 （1）He fooled the guard a clever trick.他用一个巧妙的计谋骗过了守卫。 （3）She opened the stuck jar a clever trick.她用一个巧妙的窍门打开了卡住的罐子。 用法解析 with a clever trick 用一个巧妙的计谋 ① with：介词，表示 “用；通过某种方式、工具、手段”。 ② clever：强调 “聪明的、巧妙的”。 ③ trick：此处指 “计谋、手段、窍门”（可数名词，单数形式前加冠词 “a”）。 20. Zhuge Liang won’t be able to make 100,000 arrows. 诸葛亮将无法造出十万支箭。 【知识点】 （1）She won’t be able to the project by Friday.她周五前将无法完成这个项目。 （2）They won’t be able to the meeting tomorrow.他们明天将不能参加会议。 （3）We won’t be able to the top of the mountain before dark.我们天黑前将无法到达山顶。 用法解析 won’t be able to... 未来没能力 / 不会做某事 ① won’t = will not：一般将来时的否定助动词。 ② be able to：固定短语，表示 “能够；有能力做某事”，可灵活用于各种时态。 ③ can 也表示 “能够”，情态动词，只有现在时（can）和过去时（could）。 21. Zhuge Liang asked soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men.诸葛亮让士兵们用稻草人装满 20 艘大船。 【知识点】 （1）The kids filled the garden colorful balloons.孩子们用彩色气球把花园装点得满满的。 （2）The street is filled people during the festival.节日期间，街上挤满了人。 用法解析 fill...with... 用…… 把…… 装满 ① 强调使某物内部充满具体的人或事物。 ② 被动语态：be filled with... 被…… 充满 / 填满。 22. He ordered the soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the drums and the shouting. 他命令士兵们朝着鼓声和呐喊声的方向射箭。 【知识点 1】 （1）He often his assistant to finish reports.他经常命令助手完成报告。 （2）The manager the staff not to leave early.经理命令员工不许早退。 （3）We were ordered submit the plan by Friday.我们被命令周五前提交计划。 用法解析 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 ① 强调上级对下级、权威者对他人的强制性指令。 ② order：动词，意为 “命令；指令”，体现 “强制性”。 ③ to do sth.：动词不定式作宾语补足语。 ④ 否定：order sb. not to do sth. 命令某人不要做某事。 ⑤ 被动：sb. be ordered to do sth. 某人被命令做某事。 【知识点 2】 （1）The hunter arrows towards the running deer.猎人朝着奔跑的鹿射箭。 （2）They arrows towards the practice area.他们朝着练习区射箭。 用法解析 shoot arrows towards 朝着…… 方向射箭 ① shoot：动词，意为 “发射；射出”，还可接 bullets 子弹、stones 石子等，如 shoot bullets（开枪）。 ② arrows：名词，“箭”，常用复数形式。 ③ towards：介词，意为 “朝着；向…… 方向”，后接目标。 四．语法背默 现在完成时(2) 　　现在完成时可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在。 一． for和since在现在完成时中的应用 (1)在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。for后接一段时间,如for five years;而since后多接时间点,如since January 2020。 They have had the cat since they got married. 他们自结婚以来就一直养着这只猫。 They have been married for twenty years. 他们已经结婚二十年了。 　　“since+时间点”和“for+时间段”常作现在完成时的标志。两者之间常可以进行同义转换。 Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist since eight years ago.=Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist for eight years.陈笑八年前就梦想成为一名生物学家。 (2)对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,常用how long。 How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了? How long have you played tennis? 你打网球打了多长时间了? 二． 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 (1)在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,常用延续性动词与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 It has rained for three hours.雨已经下了三个小时了。 (2)与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词或表示状态的短语等。 I borrowed this magazine three months ago. 我三个月前借了这本杂志。 →I have kept this magazine for three months.这本杂志我已经借来三个月了。 (3)常见的非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的情况: ① 用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”结构。 非延续性动词 结构 leave begin/start join die open I joined the club two years ago. 我两年前加入的这个俱乐部。 →I have been in/a member of the club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部两年了。 ②用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy borrow put on I bought this pop-up book about the Palace Museum one week ago. 我一周前买了这本关于故宫博物院的立体书。 →I have had this pop-up book about the Palace Museum for one week. 我买来这本关于故宫博物院的立体书已经一周了。 现在完成时 VS 一般过去时 含义与侧重点不同 （1）一般过去时： 强调动作在过去某个特定时间点发生并已结束，不涉及与现在的联系。 常与表示过去的时间状语连用（如：yesterday, last week...）。 例：I finished my homework last night.昨晚我完成了作业。（动作已结束，与现在无关） （2）现在完成时： 强调动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响或结果，或动作从过去持续到现在（常与 for, since 等时间状语连用）。 句子中不明确指出动作发生的具体时间，而是突出与现在的联系。 例：I have finished my homework.我已经完成了作业。（暗示现在可以做其他事，对现在有影响） （3）时间状语的差异 一般过去时：yesterday, last week/month/year, in 2020, just now, ago ...| 现在完成时：already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, so far, for + 时间段，since+ 时间点 ...| （4）动作持续性的区别 一般过去时： 表示的动作在过去某个时间点已结束，不涉及持续性。 例：He lived in Shanghai for 5 years.他在上海住了 5 年。（现在已不在上海，动作已结束） 现在完成时： 可以表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，且可能继续下去。 例：He has lived in Shanghai for 5 years.他在上海住了 5 年。（现在仍在上海，动作持续到现在）。 随堂训练 1.单项选择 1. The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 _____ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A. will work B. have worked C. is working D.works 2. —Do you know anything about One Belt One Road? —Yes, it _____ over 10 years since it started. A. was B. had been C. is D. has been 3. Since I was born, my family _____ in the same flat. A. live B. will live C. are living D. have lived 4. Hurry up! The movie _____ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. began C. has been on D. had begun 5. —When _____ you _____ the new car? —Well, I _____ it for a week. A. did, have; have had B. did, buy; have had C. did, buy; have bought D. did, have; have bought 2.短文填空 FROM: Liu Dan TO: Li Fang SUBJECT: I’ve found a great book. Dear Li Fang, I’ve just 6. _________ (finish) reading a great book at school. I haven’t 7. _________ (read) anything as good as that for a long time! It’s a story about the solar system(太阳系) . In the book, the writer imagines that astronauts have 8. _________ (be) to Mars(火星) . I’ve never 9. _________ (think) about that before and I think it’s very interesting. I haven’t 10. _________ (meet) anyone famous in my life but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut. I’ve 11. _________ (write) to Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei for more information about space and his experience of space travel. I hope he will write back. He hasn’t yet. Maybe he is too busy. I’m still waiting. Best wishes, Liu Dan 　　 五．写作背默 本单元的主题是“古代故事”,写作任务是写一个关于智慧的著名的古代故事。常见的写作话题有:介绍一个故事,并谈谈你对这个故事的看法。 　　中考文段表达和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以应用文或记叙文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报投稿等。 写作实例 　　假定你是学生李辉,即将参加学校英语社团组织的以“古代中国智慧故事”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语文章参加比赛。内容包括: 1.司马光和小伙伴们玩耍;2.一个小伙伴掉进水缸(water tank)中;3.司马光砸破水缸救出小伙伴。 注意:1.词数80以上;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文    2.时态:以一般过去时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 4.必备词句:①be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事　 ②lose one’s balance 失去平衡　 ③remain calm 保持冷静　 ④pick up 捡起　 ⑤run out 流出 ⑥The other children were so frightened that they didn’t know what to do next.其他的孩子都吓坏了,不知道接下来该怎么办。 ⑦He quickly looked around and an idea came to him when he saw a big stone nearby.他迅速环顾四周,当他看到附近有一块大石头时,他想到了一个主意。 谋篇布局 写作实战 　　假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Mike对中国寓言故事很感兴趣。请你根据以下提示,告诉他一则守株待兔的寓言故事,内容包括: 1.时间、地点——古代中国;2.开始——农民曾经努力工作;3.经过——农民看到一只兔子撞到了树干;4.结果;5.寓言道理。 　　要求:1.80词以上(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);2.文中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称;3.可适当增加细节,以使语句通顺、条理清楚、语义连贯;4.书写规范,卷面整洁。 　　参考词汇:树干(trunk);撞上(run into);寓言(fable);寓意(moral);庄稼(crop) 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $