精品解析：广东省勤建学校2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次调研考试英语试题

勤建学校高二年级上学期第一次调研考试 英语试卷 2025.10 考试时间 120分钟 卷面分 120分 第I卷(选择题) 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A There are many heritage sites in the world. The following are four sites in UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada The park is best known for its extensive fossil (化石) beds within which 35 species of dinosaurs from about 100 to 65 million years ago have been identified. There are also fossilized remains of fish, reptiles, and amphibians. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in1979. Hadrian’s Wall, Britain This is a Roman barrier that guarded the border of Britain. Hadrian, the Roman emperor from 117 CE to 138 CE, went to Britain in 122 CE and was the first to build a wall, 73 miles long, to separate the Romans from the fight against the barbarians (野蛮人). There was no intention of fighting from the wall top; the soldiers there were trained to encounter the enemy in the open. In1987, Hadrian’s Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site. Salonga National Park Congo This is the largest tropical rainforest reserve in Congo, covering about 36,000 km. The park was established in 1970. The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys. Park visitors observe the animals from motorized riverboats. The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984. Easter Island, Chile This place is famous for its huge stone statues. The first European visitors, the Dutch, named it Easter Island in memory of their day of arrival. The small and hilly island was formed by volcanoes. Easter Island was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1995. 1. Which of the following was first listed as a UNESCO World Heritage? A. Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada. B. Salonga National Park, Congo. C. Hadrian’s Wall, Britain. D. Easter Island, Chile. 2. What was the original purpose of building the Hadrian’s Wall? A. To defend against the Romans. B. To honor the British soldiers. C. To protect the Romans from attack. D. To keep watch on the wall top. 3. Which site would you like to visit if you want to see wild animals? A. Easter Island. B. Dinosaur Provincial Park. C. Hadrian’s Wall. D. Salonga National Park. B On a cold morning in May, I received a fascinating e-mail from a high school friend, inviting me to a 10-day all-female surfing adventure in Portugal. The offer was irresistible, and I instantly knew my answer was yes. The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women, ranging from 30 to 45years old, all strangers, would gather on the Portuguese coast to accept the challenge of surfing the Atlantic waves. As a fan of travel, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once-in-a-lifetime journey. Through my 33 years, I’ve observed a common adult tendency: We often limit ourselves to improving skills we already have. There’s a certain pride in improving our expert knowledge, becoming increasingly knowledgeable in our chosen fields, yet unintentionally, this focus often leaves other skills undeveloped and leads to ignoring other areas of potential growth. Two days later, I arrived in Ericeira, a charming surf town, where I met my surfing group. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a passionate desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow. The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate (驾驭). Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humbleness that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try. 4. What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal? A. The longing to seek and enjoy a challenge. B. The need to reunite with a high school friend. C. The love to meet strangers with shared interest. D. The chance to undertake work duties in Portugal. 5. What is a common tendency among adults according to the author? A. They refuse to upgrade their professional skills. B. They tend to improve their existing skills only. C. They avoid exploring new areas on purpose. D. They are too proud to improve themselves. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s surfing experiences? A. Tough but worthwhile. B. Common and smooth. C. Boring and discouraging. D. Relaxing but unpredictable. 7. What does the text want to convey? A. Birds of a feather flock together. B. He who laughs last, laughs best. C. Life begins at the end of your comfort zone. D. The grass is always greener on the other side. C It is very likely that you eat three meals a day. Modern life is designed around this way of eating. However, is this the healthiest way to eat? Before considering how frequently we should eat, scientists urge us to consider when we shouldn’t. Intermittent fasting (间歇性断食), where you restrict your food intake to an eight-hour window, has become a popular area of research. “It allows our digestive system to rest,” says Emily Manoogian at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Rozalyn Anderson at the University of Wisconsin explains, “Fasting puts the body in a different state, where it’s more ready to clear misfolded proteins.” Misfolded proteins are faulty versions of ordinary proteins, which have been associated with a number of diseases. But if intermittent fasting is a healthy way to eat, how many meals does this leave room for? Some experts argue that it is best to have one meal a day. Manoogian does not recommend doing this, since it can increase the level of glucose (葡萄糖) in our blood when we are not eating. Keeping blood glucose levels down requires eating more regularly than once a day, as this prevents the body from thinking that it is starving and releasing more glucose when you do eventually eat in response. Instead, she says, two to three meals a day is best — with most of your calories consumed earlier in the day.“ So, your body can use the energy you feed it throughout the day, rather than it being stored in your system as fat.” But eating too early in the morning should be avoided, as this would not give you sufficient time to fast. This does not mean we should skip breakfast altogether, either, but some evidence suggests we should wait an hour or two after waking up before cracking open the eggs. Is intermittent fasting realistic? Manoogian thinks that it is best not to specify the best time to eat, as this can be difficult for people with responsibilities and irregular time commitments, such as those working night shifts. But whatever changes you make, researchers agree that consistency is crucial. 8. What can we know about intermittent fasting? A. It focuses on what to eat. B. It cures a number of diseases. C. It keeps the digestive system clean. D. It limits food intake to a fixed duration. 9. What does Manoogian agree with? A. Calories can be hardly consumed in the evening. B. Frequent meals bring about steady blood glucose. C. Two to three meals in the day reduces storage of fat. D. Early eating is recommended for intermittent fasting. 10 What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. How intermittent fasting is tested. B. Whether intermittent fasting is safe. C. How intermittent fasting is practiced. D. When people eat during intermittent fasting. 11. What’s the basic principle of intermittent fasting? A. Sticking to a routine. B. Defining a best meal time. C. Having regular working hours. D. Maintaining consistent menus. D One of the key necessary things needed for life is phosphorus (磷), and a large number of lightning strikes that happened when Earth was young 4 billion years ago may have unlocked the necessary amount of phosphorus to create the foundation for life, according to a new study. Phosphorus is needed in the molecules (分子) that form basic cell structures said Benjamin Hess, study author from Yale University. However, “most phosphorus on early Earth was trapped in minerals that aren’t dissolved or inactive, meaning they couldn’t be used to make molecules needed for life,” Hess said. “Lightning strikes provide a new mechanism for creating phosphorus in a form that’s crucial to life.” It’s long thought that meteorites (陨石) delivered the necessary elements for life to appear on Earth. Meteorites have been known to contain schreibersite (磷铁石), a phosphorus mineral that can be dissolved in water. If enough of them crashed into Earth, that schreibersite could have provided the right amount of phosphorus. However, life began between 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago, and that’s when fewer meteorites were impacting Earth. Fortunately, schreibersite has another source in fulgurite (闪电熔岩), a kind of glass that forms when lightning strikes the ground. Fulgurite has been found to contain phosphorus and it can be dissolved. Hess and his fellow researchers studied the rate of lightning on early Earth, and found that, on Earth today, we experience about 560 million lightning flashes per year, while on early Earth, that number was anywhere between 1 and 5 billion annually. Over a billion years, that could have caused one quintillion lightning strikes and much phosphorus. Lightning was more prevalent on early Earth because there was more CO2 in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide contributes to the global temperature, and a higher global temperature causes more frequent and intense thunderstorms, Hess said. Understanding the role of lightning strikes has implications in the search for life beyond Earth. “Our findings are likely applicable to any planet with an atmosphere that produces lightning. So long as a planet has a significant amount of lightning, it’d have a source of phosphorus needed for the birth of life,” Hess said. 12. What can we know about phosphorus on early Earth? A. It was very difficult to access. B. It was impossible to produce. C. It was enough for life to form. D. It existed mainly in water. 13. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A. How life on Earth came into being. B. How often meteorites impacted the Earth. C. Why life on Earth doesn’t originate from meteorites. D. What people’s opinions on the origin of life on Earth are. 14. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The rate of lightning on early Earth is less than today. B. Carbon dioxide results in the higher global temperature. C. More CO2 in the atmosphere accounted for more lightning. D. Thunderstorms have almost nothing to do with global temperature. 15. What can we know from Hess’s words in the last paragraph? A He is showing the results of their study. B. He is explaining the significance of their findings. C. He is suggesting a way to find the origin of life on Earth. D. He is commenting on the research methods of his team. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Loving Yourself It might seem easier to love others than to love yourself, but it’s tough to build healthy relationships if you don’t love yourself first. ___16___. Read on to learn some strategies to love yourself. Accept your flaws (瑕疵) as part of who you are. Everything you’ve done and everywhere you’ve been is a part of who you are—you! ___17___. Instead, accept that they’re all parts of the same whole. When you love yourself, you love all of you because you wouldn’t have the good without the bad. Focus on your effort rather than the result to avoid perfectionism. If you expect yourself to be perfect all the time, you’ll never be pleased with anything you produce. ___18___. Focus on the effort you put into completing a task rather than looking for flaws in what you produced. ___19___. It’s human nature to see negative things as bigger and more important than positive things, but this also does great damage to your self-respect. When you find yourself focusing on negative or less favorable events in your life, immediately try to name 3 to 5 things that you can be grateful for. This habit will help you feel good when bad things happen to you. Reward (奖励) yourself for your achievement. Rewarding yourself is the best part of practicing self-love. When you reward yourself, you’re telling yourself that you’re worthy of love and special treatment. Just think about how you might celebrate with a friend who’d just achieved something amazing, then go out and do that for yourself. Rewards don’t have to be expensive! ___20___. A. Create self-love habits B. This can lead to low happiness C. Practice gratitude for good things D. Self-love isn’t about fixing all the “bad” things about yourself E. Think about what you would reward a close friend when you succeed F. For example, you might take a relaxing bath or go out on a fishing trip G. This means you recognize your own self-worth and live your own life honestly 第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening in 1993, my car died in a deserted part of the highway to my college party. With no phones in the snow, I knew I was ____21____ . It was not a good option to walk to get ____22____. So I got out and tried to wave down passing cars. After having no ____23____ at the side of the road and starting to ____24____ in the bitter wind, I went back into my car. Suddenly, a truck ____25____ and I was grateful. I was ____26____ at first to climb into a stranger’s truck. At this point, however, I was cold and desperate. The ____27____ of the truck was too inviting to ____28____. As I climbed inside, the first thing I noticed was a picture of his family attached to his dashboard (仪表盘). He first ____29____ himself as “Mike” and asked where I was going. I _____30_____ my situation and, as luck would have it, he was _____31_____ that very way and would be glad to drop me off. I felt _____32_____ at ease with Mike. He had me laughing with his family stories until I arrived at my _____33_____. I asked Mike if there was anything I could do to _____34_____ him. His only answer? “Just be careful.” Then he drove away. The next day, I asked around to try to find Mike so that I could show my _____35_____. However, no one had ever heard of Mike. 21. A. stuck B. lost C. bored D. confused 22. A. advice B. help C. money D. food 23. A. expectation B. time C. clue D. luck 24. A. reflect B. fall C. freeze D. regret 25. A. broke down B. pulled over C. passed by D. hurried away 26. A. hesitant B. content C. curious D. humble 27. A. design B. smell C. color D. warmth 28. A. possess B. decline C. accept D. enjoy 29. A. treated B. imagined C. introduced D. viewed 30. A. predicted B. analyzed C. controlled D. explained 31. A. heading B. leaving C. repairing D. clearing 32. A. originally B. recently C. immediately D. frequently 33. A. station B. house C. car D. destination 34. A. repay B. encourage C. replace D. entertain 35. A. love B. gratefulness C. interest D. determination 第II卷(非选择题) 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cheering, dancing and singing, local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie, Guizhou, on Aug 12. The festival ____36____ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2011. There are different stories about how the festival started. But ____37____ (probable) it was because of the natural worship(崇拜) of fire by the Yi people. Fire was important since their ancestors could use it to bring light as well as ____38____ (warm) and cook food. One Yi ethnic proverb says, “Everything you eat must’see’ fire.” This is due to ____39____ old practice. Before bringing meat into the home from the outside, a small fire must first be lit outside and the meat should be smoked on the fire. In farming, fire was used ____40____ (light) piles of branches and leaves, ____41____ were later buried in the ground. The Yi people used to celebrate the harvest, as a way to pray for a good harvest and drive away evil from their homes and farmland. Today it has become a ____42____ (society) event where people come together to light torches and join in various ____43____ (activity) such as building bonfires, horse racing, wrestling, bullfighting and beauty contests. The festival also provides people ____44____ a chance to expand their circle of friends. Through the festival, the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life, _____45_____ get more people to understand their lifestyle and traditions. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华。为了激发学生的英语学习兴趣，上周二你校高二年级开展了“学唱英文歌”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动内容；3. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Learning to sing English songs ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Simple Act of Kindness It was a cold winter afternoon. Sixteen-year-old Lily was walking home from school, her hands deep in her coat pockets. Snowflakes danced in the air and the street was quiet. As she passed the small park near her house, she noticed an old man sitting alone on a bench. He wore only a thin jacket and was shaking with cold. Lily stopped. She had seen the man before; he often collected plastic bottles nearby. Today, however, he looked especially pale. She hesitated for a second, then walked over. "Excuse me, are you all right?" she asked gently. The old man raised his head slowly. "I'm just... a little cold," he whispered. "I missed the last bus home, and my legs aren't good in this weather." Lily looked around. There was no one else in sight. She remembered the wool scarf in her schoolbag; her grandmother had knitted it for her last month. Without thinking twice, she took it out and wrapped it around the man's neck. "Here, this will help," she said with a smile. Then she pulled out the small packet of chocolate cookies she had saved for homework time. "And these too." The old man's eyes filled with tears. "Thank you, young lady. You're very kind." Lily felt warmth spread inside her. "My house is just across the street. Would you like to warm up there? My mom is making soup." 注意：续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: After a moment of surprise, the man nodded. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One spring evening three months later, Mr. Green handed Lily a small envelope. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 勤建学校高二年级上学期第一次调研考试 英语试卷 2025.10 考试时间 120分钟 卷面分 120分 第I卷(选择题) 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A There are many heritage sites in the world. The following are four sites in UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada The park is best known for its extensive fossil (化石) beds, within which 35 species of dinosaurs from about 100 to 65 million years ago have been identified. There are also fossilized remains of fish, reptiles, and amphibians. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in1979. Hadrian’s Wall, Britain This is a Roman barrier that guarded the border of Britain. Hadrian, the Roman emperor from 117 CE to 138 CE, went to Britain in 122 CE and was the first to build a wall, 73 miles long, to separate the Romans from the fight against the barbarians (野蛮人). There was no intention of fighting from the wall top; the soldiers there were trained to encounter the enemy in the open. In1987, Hadrian’s Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site. Salonga National Park, Congo This is the largest tropical rainforest reserve in Congo, covering about 36,000 km. The park was established in 1970. The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys. Park visitors observe the animals from motorized riverboats. The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984. Easter Island, Chile This place is famous for its huge stone statues. The first European visitors, the Dutch, named it Easter Island in memory of their day of arrival. The small and hilly island was formed by volcanoes. Easter Island was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1995. 1. Which of the following was first listed as a UNESCO World Heritage? A. Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada. B. Salonga National Park, Congo. C. Hadrian’s Wall, Britain. D. Easter Island, Chile. 2. What was the original purpose of building the Hadrian’s Wall? A. To defend against the Romans. B. To honor the British soldiers. C To protect the Romans from attack. D. To keep watch on the wall top. 3. Which site would you like to visit if you want to see wild animals? A. Easter Island. B. Dinosaur Provincial Park. C. Hadrian’s Wall. D. Salonga National Park. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录中的四个旅游景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada”部分中“The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in1979.(1979年，该地区被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”、“Hadrian’s Wall, Britain”部分中“In1987, Hadrian’s Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.(1987年，哈德良长城被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产)”、“Salonga National Park, Congo”部分中“The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984.(1984年，该公园被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录)”和“ Easter Island, Chile”部分中“Easter Island was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1995.(1995年，复活节岛被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录)”可知，最先被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的是加拿大恐龙省立公园。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Hadrian’s Wall, Britain”部分中“Hadrian, the Roman emperor from 117 CE to 138 CE, went to Britain in 122 CE and was the first to build a wall,73 miles long, to separate the Romans from the fight against the barbarians (野蛮人).(Hadrian，公元117年至138年的罗马皇帝，于公元122年前往英国，是第一个建造73英里长的城墙的人，将罗马人与野蛮人的战斗分开)”可知，建造Hadrian长城的初衷是保护罗马人免受攻击。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Salonga National Park, Congo”中“The park was established in 1970. The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys. Park visitors observe the animals from motorized riverboats.(茂密的森林为鹦鹉、大象和猴子等各种动物提供了栖息地。公园的游客从摩托艇上观察这些动物)”可知，如果想看野生动物，可以去萨隆加国家公园。故选D。 B On a cold morning in May I received a fascinating e-mail from a high school friend, inviting me to a 10-day all-female surfing adventure in Portugal. The offer was irresistible, and I instantly knew my answer was yes. The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women, ranging from 30 to 45years old, all strangers, would gather on the Portuguese coast to accept the challenge of surfing the Atlantic waves. As a fan of travel, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once-in-a-lifetime journey. Through my 33 years, I’ve observed a common adult tendency: We often limit ourselves to improving skills we already have. There’s a certain pride in improving our expert knowledge, becoming increasingly knowledgeable in our chosen fields, yet unintentionally, this focus often leaves other skills undeveloped and leads to ignoring other areas of potential growth. Two days later, I arrived in Ericeira, a charming surf town, where I met my surfing group. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a passionate desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow. The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate (驾驭). Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humbleness that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try. 4. What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal? A. The longing to seek and enjoy a challenge. B. The need to reunite with a high school friend. C. The love to meet strangers with shared interest. D. The chance to undertake work duties in Portugal. 5. What is a common tendency among adults according to the author? A. They refuse to upgrade their professional skills. B. They tend to improve their existing skills only. C. They avoid exploring new areas on purpose. D. They are too proud to improve themselves. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s surfing experiences? A. Tough but worthwhile. B. Common and smooth. C. Boring and discouraging. D. Relaxing but unpredictable. 7. What does the text want to convey? A. Birds of a feather flock together. B. He who laughs last, laughs best. C. Life begins at the end of your comfort zone. D. The grass is always greener on the other side. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者参加葡萄牙女性冲浪冒险之旅的经历，展示了尝试新技能和挑战自我舒适区的重要性。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“On a cold morning in May, I received a fascinating e-mail from a high school friend, inviting me to a 10-day all-female surfing adventure in Portugal. The offer was irresistible, and I instantly knew my answer was yes. (在5月一个寒冷的早晨，我收到了一位高中朋友发来的一封有趣的电子邮件，邀请我参加为期10天的葡萄牙女子冲浪冒险活动。这个提议是不可抗拒的，我立刻知道我的答案是肯定的。)”以及“As a fan of travel, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once-in-a-lifetime journey.(作为一名旅行爱好者，我很快就得到了老板的许可，开始了这次千载难逢的旅行。)”可知，作者收到了高中朋友的邀请，并且觉得这是一个无法抗拒的提议，立即决定参加这次充满挑战的冲浪冒险，因此加入葡萄牙冲浪之旅的动机是渴望寻求和享受挑战。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“We often limit ourselves to improving skills we already have. There’s a certain pride in improving our expert knowledge, becoming increasingly knowledgeable in our chosen fields, yet unintentionally, this focus often leaves other skills undeveloped and leads to ignoring other areas of potential growth.( 我们常常把自己局限于提高已有的技能。提高我们的专业知识，在我们选择的领域变得越来越博学，这是一种自豪感，但无意中，这种关注往往使其他技能得不到发展，并导致忽视其他潜在的增长领域。)”可知，作者认为成年人有一种自豪感，即通过提高自己在所选领域的专业知识来变得越来越有知识，但这种关注往往无意中忽视了其他技能和潜在的发展领域即他们倾向于只提高自己现有的技能。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humbleness that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.(在我们出色的教练的带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)”可知，第四段描述了作者和团队在艰难的条件下冲浪，如海滩的浅水和滑溜溜的岩石、雨水和巨大的波浪等。然而，尽管面临这些困难，作者仍然感到快乐和成就感，因为学习新技能带来了真正的快乐和个人成就即作者冲浪经历的是“艰难但值得”。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，作者受到了高中朋友的邀请，决定参加这次由不同年龄段的陌生女性组成的10天冲浪活动。尽管面临诸多困难，如不同的个性和背景、陌生的冲浪环境以及学习新技能的挑战，作者和队友们还是克服重重难关，最终体会到了学习新技能的乐趣和成就感。作者认为，尝试新事物和走出舒适区能够激发个人的潜力和自信心，同时也鼓励读者要勇于挑战自我，不断探索新的可能性。作者通过描述自己尝试冲浪的经历，强调了走出舒适区、接受挑战和相信自己的重要性。C选项“Life begins at the end of your comfort zone.(生活从你舒适区的尽头开始。)”符合题意。故选C。 C It is very likely that you eat three meals a day. Modern life is designed around this way of eating. However, is this the healthiest way to eat? Before considering how frequently we should eat, scientists urge us to consider when we shouldn’t. Intermittent fasting (间歇性断食), where you restrict your food intake to an eight-hour window, has become a popular area of research. “It allows our digestive system to rest,” says Emily Manoogian at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Rozalyn Anderson at the University of Wisconsin explains, “Fasting puts the body in a different state, where it’s more ready to clear misfolded proteins.” Misfolded proteins are faulty versions of ordinary proteins, which have been associated with a number of diseases. But if intermittent fasting is a healthy way to eat, how many meals does this leave room for? Some experts argue that it is best to have one meal a day. Manoogian does not recommend doing this, since it can increase the level of glucose (葡萄糖) in our blood when we are not eating. Keeping blood glucose levels down requires eating more regularly than once a day, as this prevents the body from thinking that it is starving and releasing more glucose when you do eventually eat in response. Instead, she says, two to three meals a day is best — with most of your calories consumed earlier in the day.“ So, your body can use the energy you feed it throughout the day, rather than it being stored in your system as fat.” But eating too early in the morning should be avoided, as this would not give you sufficient time to fast. This does not mean we should skip breakfast altogether, either, but some evidence suggests we should wait an hour or two after waking up before cracking open the eggs. Is intermittent fasting realistic? Manoogian thinks that it is best not to specify the best time to eat, as this can be difficult for people with responsibilities and irregular time commitments, such as those working night shifts. But whatever changes you make, researchers agree that consistency is crucial. 8. What can we know about intermittent fasting? A. It focuses on what to eat. B. It cures a number of diseases. C. It keeps the digestive system clean. D. It limits food intake to a fixed duration. 9. What does Manoogian agree with? A. Calories can be hardly consumed in the evening. B. Frequent meals bring about steady blood glucose. C. Two to three meals in the day reduces storage of fat. D. Early eating is recommended for intermittent fasting. 10. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. How intermittent fasting is tested. B. Whether intermittent fasting is safe. C. How intermittent fasting is practiced. D When people eat during intermittent fasting. 11. What’s the basic principle of intermittent fasting? A. Sticking to a routine. B. Defining a best meal time. C. Having regular working hours. D. Maintaining consistent menus. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文主要讨论了间歇性禁食的饮食习惯，指出这种限制在8小时内摄入食物的方式可以让消化系统休息，有助于身体清除异常蛋白质。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Intermittent fasting (间歇性断食), where you restrict your food intake to an eight-hour window, has become a popular area of research.”（间歇性禁食，即将食物摄入量限制在8小时内，已经成为一个流行的研究领域。）可知，间歇性禁食将食物摄入限制在固定的时间内。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead, she says, two to three meals a day is best — with most of your calories consumed earlier in the day.“ So, your body can use the energy you feed it throughout the day, rather than it being stored in your system as fat.””（相反，她说，一天吃两到三顿饭是最好的——你的大部分卡路里都是在一天的早些时候消耗的。“所以，你的身体可以全天使用你提供的能量，而不是以脂肪的形式储存在你的系统中。”）可推知，马诺基安同意一天吃两到三顿饭可以减少脂肪的储存。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But if intermittent fasting is a healthy way to eat, how many meals does this leave room for?”（但是，如果间歇性禁食是一种健康的饮食方式，那么这还能为多少餐留出空间呢？）以及后面的内容可知，该段主要讲的是如何进行间歇性禁食。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Is intermittent fasting realistic? Manoogian thinks that it is best not to specify the best time to eat, as this can be difficult for people with responsibilities and irregular time commitments, such as those working night shifts. But whatever changes you make, researchers agree that consistency is crucial.”（间歇性禁食现实吗？马诺基安认为最好不要指定吃饭的最佳时间，因为这对那些有责任和不规律的时间承诺的人来说很难，比如那些上夜班的人。但无论你做出什么改变，研究人员一致认为，一致性至关重要。）可知，间歇性禁食的基本原则是坚持一个常规。故选A项。 D One of the key necessary things needed for life is phosphorus (磷), and a large number of lightning strikes that happened when Earth was young 4 billion years ago may have unlocked the necessary amount of phosphorus to create the foundation for life, according to a new study. Phosphorus is needed in the molecules (分子) that form basic cell structures, said Benjamin Hess, study author from Yale University. However, “most phosphorus on early Earth was trapped in minerals that aren’t dissolved or inactive, meaning they couldn’t be used to make molecules needed for life,” Hess said. “Lightning strikes provide a new mechanism for creating phosphorus in a form that’s crucial to life.” It’s long thought that meteorites (陨石) delivered the necessary elements for life to appear on Earth. Meteorites have been known to contain schreibersite (磷铁石), a phosphorus mineral that can be dissolved in water. If enough of them crashed into Earth, that schreibersite could have provided the right amount of phosphorus. However, life began between 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago, and that’s when fewer meteorites were impacting Earth. Fortunately, schreibersite has another source in fulgurite (闪电熔岩), a kind of glass that forms when lightning strikes the ground. Fulgurite has been found to contain phosphorus and it can be dissolved. Hess and his fellow researchers studied the rate of lightning on early Earth, and found that, on Earth today, we experience about 560 million lightning flashes per year, while on early Earth, that number was anywhere between 1 and 5 billion annually. Over a billion years, that could have caused one quintillion lightning strikes and much phosphorus. Lightning was more prevalent on early Earth because there was more CO2 in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide contributes to the global temperature, and a higher global temperature causes more frequent and intense thunderstorms, Hess said. Understanding the role of lightning strikes has implications in the search for life beyond Earth. “Our findings are likely applicable to any planet with an atmosphere that produces lightning. So long as a planet has a significant amount of lightning, it’d have a source of phosphorus needed for the birth of life,” Hess said. 12. What can we know about phosphorus on early Earth? A. It was very difficult to access. B. It was impossible to produce. C. It was enough for life to form. D. It existed mainly in water. 13. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A. How life on Earth came into being. B. How often meteorites impacted the Earth. C. Why life on Earth doesn’t originate from meteorites. D. What people’s opinions on the origin of life on Earth are. 14. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The rate of lightning on early Earth is less than today. B. Carbon dioxide results in the higher global temperature. C. More CO2 in the atmosphere accounted for more lightning. D. Thunderstorms have almost nothing to do with global temperature. 15. What can we know from Hess’s words in the last paragraph? A. He is showing the results of their study. B. He is explaining the significance of their findings. C. He is suggesting a way to find the origin of life on Earth. D. He is commenting on the research methods of his team. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了磷元素对生命形成的重要性，以及早期地球上磷元素的来源。此外，文章还提到了另一个磷的来源——闪电熔岩，研究者指出，他们的发现对于在地球之外寻找生命具有重要意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“However, ‘most phosphorus on early Earth was trapped in minerals that aren’t dissolved or inactive, meaning they couldn’t be used to make molecules needed for life,’(然而，“早期地球上的大部分磷都被包裹在无法溶解或处于惰性状态的矿物质中，这意味着这些磷无法被用于合成生命所需的分子。”)”以及“Hess said. ‘Lightning strikes provide a new mechanism for creating phosphorus in a form that’s crucial to life.’(Hess说道：“闪电产生的电击为形成一种对生命至关重要的磷元素提供了新的机制。”)”可以得知，早期的地球上的磷大多被困在无法溶解或不活跃的矿物中，因此很难获取。所以选项A“It was very difficult to access.(它很难获取)”符合题意。故选A。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“It’s long thought that meteorites(陨石) delivered the necessary elements for life to appear on Earth. Meteorites have been known to contain schreibersite(磷铁石), a phosphorus mineral that can be dissolved in water. If enough of them crashed into Earth, that schreibersite could have provided the right amount of phosphorus. However, life began between 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago, and that’s when fewer meteorites were impacting Earth.( 长期以来，人们一直认为陨石为地球上的生命出现提供了必需的元素。众所周知，陨石中含有施韦伯斯石（一种可溶于水的磷矿石）。如果足够多的陨石撞击地球，那么这些施韦伯斯石就能提供适量的磷。然而，生命是在 35 亿至 45 亿年前开始出现的，而那时撞击地球的陨石数量较少。)”可知，长期以来人们认为陨石为地球带来了生命所需的元素，但研究表明在生命起源的时期，撞击地球的陨石数量减少，因此地球上的生命不太可能完全起源于陨石。所以，本段的主要内容是解释为什么地球上的生命不是起源于陨石。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘Lightning was more prevalent on early Earth because there was more CO2 in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide contributes to the global temperature, and a higher global temperature causes more frequent and intense thunderstorms,’(在早期的地球上，闪电现象更为常见，因为那时大气中的二氧化碳含量更高。二氧化碳会影响全球气温，而全球气温升高则会导致雷暴更加频繁且更为强烈。)”可以推断出，大气中更多的二氧化碳导致了更多的闪电。因此，选项C“More CO2 in the atmosphere accounted for more lightning.(大气中更多的二氧化碳导致了更多的闪电)”符合题意。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Hess said. ‘Our findings are likely applicable to any planet with an atmosphere that produces lightning. So long as a planet has a significant amount of lightning, it’d have a source of phosphorus needed for the birth of life,’(Hess说道：“我们的研究结果很可能适用于任何拥有大气层且能产生闪电的行星。只要一颗行星有大量闪电现象发生，它就具备了生命诞生所需的磷元素来源。”)”可以推断出Hess的话是在解释他们研究的重要性，即理解闪电的作用对于在地球之外寻找生命具有重要意义。因此，选项B“He is explaining the significance of their findings.(他正在解释他们发现的意义)”符合题意。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Loving Yourself It might seem easier to love others than to love yourself, but it’s tough to build healthy relationships if you don’t love yourself first. ___16___. Read on to learn some strategies to love yourself. Accept your flaws (瑕疵) as part of who you are. Everything you’ve done and everywhere you’ve been is a part of who you are—you! ___17___. Instead, accept that they’re all parts of the same whole. When you love yourself, you love all of you because you wouldn’t have the good without the bad. Focus on your effort rather than the result to avoid perfectionism. If you expect yourself to be perfect all the time, you’ll never be pleased with anything you produce. ___18___. Focus on the effort you put into completing a task rather than looking for flaws in what you produced. ___19___. It’s human nature to see negative things as bigger and more important than positive things, but this also does great damage to your self-respect. When you find yourself focusing on negative or less favorable events in your life, immediately try to name 3 to 5 things that you can be grateful for. This habit will help you feel good when bad things happen to you. Reward (奖励) yourself for your achievement. Rewarding yourself is the best part of practicing self-love. When you reward yourself, you’re telling yourself that you’re worthy of love and special treatment. Just think about how you might celebrate with a friend who’d just achieved something amazing, then go out and do that for yourself. Rewards don’t have to be expensive! ___20___. A. Create self-love habits B. This can lead to low happiness C. Practice gratitude for good things D. Self-love isn’t about fixing all the “bad” things about yourself E. Think about what you would reward a close friend when you succeed F. For example, you might take a relaxing bath or go out on a fishing trip G. This means you recognize your own self-worth and live your own life honestly 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们要如何学会爱自己。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It might seem easier to love others than to love yourself, but it’s tough to build healthy relationships if you don’t love yourself first. (爱别人似乎比爱自己容易，但如果你不先爱自己，就很难建立健康的关系。)”可知，上文告诉我们应该学会爱自己，这是建立健康的关系的前提，G项意为“这意味着你承认自己的自我价值，诚实地过自己的生活”，选项能够承接上文，告诉我们为什么要爱自己，因为这意味着你承认自己的自我价值，诚实地过自己的生活。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Instead, accept that they’re all parts of the same whole. (相反，接受它们都是同一个整体的一部分。)”可知，我们应该接受自己好的方面，也应该接受自己不好的方面，它们都是我们的一部分，D项意为“爱自己并不是要修复自己所有的“坏”处”，选项能够引起下文，爱自己并不是要修复自己所有的“坏”处，因为“坏”处也是我们的一部分，相反，我们哟啊接受“坏”处也是我们的一部分。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“If you expect yourself to be perfect all the time, you’ll never be pleased with anything you produce. (如果你一直期望自己是完美的，那么你永远不会对自己创造的任何东西感到满意。)”可知，上文告诉我们不应该一直期望自己是完美的，B项意为“这会导致幸福感下降”，选项能够承接上文，如果你一直期望自己是完美的，就会对自己做的事情不满意，这会导致幸福感下降。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文“When you find yourself focusing on negative or less favorable events in your life, immediately try to name 3 to 5 things that you can be grateful for. This habit will help you feel good when bad things happen to you. (当你发现自己专注于生活中消极或不太有利的事情时，立即试着说出3到5件你可以感激的事情。当不好的事情发生在你身上时，这个习惯会帮助你感觉良好。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们要学会感激美好的事物，C项意为“练习对美好事物的感恩”，选项能够概括本段内容，下文介绍了要如何练习感恩和为什么要这样做。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Rewards don’t have to be expensive! (奖励不必昂贵！)”可知，给自己的奖励不必昂贵！F项意为“例如，你可能会洗个放松的澡或出去钓鱼”，选项能够承接上文，列举了一些不昂贵的奖励，例如，你可以洗个放松的澡或出去钓鱼。故选F。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening in 1993, my car died in a deserted part of the highway to my college party. With no phones in the snow, I knew I was ____21____ . It was not a good option to walk to get ____22____. So I got out and tried to wave down passing cars. After having no ____23____ at the side of the road and starting to ____24____ in the bitter wind, I went back into my car. Suddenly, a truck ____25____ and I was grateful. I was ____26____ at first to climb into a stranger’s truck. At this point, however, I was cold and desperate. The ____27____ of the truck was too inviting to ____28____. As I climbed inside, the first thing I noticed was a picture of his family attached to his dashboard (仪表盘). He first ____29____ himself as “Mike” and asked where I was going. I _____30_____ my situation and, as luck would have it, he was _____31_____ that very way and would be glad to drop me off. I felt _____32_____ at ease with Mike. He had me laughing with his family stories until I arrived at my _____33_____. I asked Mike if there was anything I could do to _____34_____ him. His only answer? “Just be careful.” Then he drove away. The next day, I asked around to try to find Mike so that I could show my _____35_____. However, no one had ever heard of Mike. 21. A. stuck B. lost C. bored D. confused 22. A. advice B. help C. money D. food 23. A. expectation B. time C. clue D. luck 24. A. reflect B. fall C. freeze D. regret 25. A. broke down B. pulled over C. passed by D. hurried away 26. A. hesitant B. content C. curious D. humble 27. A. design B. smell C. color D. warmth 28. A. possess B. decline C. accept D. enjoy 29. A. treated B. imagined C. introduced D. viewed 30. A. predicted B. analyzed C. controlled D. explained 31. A. heading B. leaving C. repairing D. clearing 32. A. originally B. recently C. immediately D. frequently 33. A. station B. house C. car D. destination 34. A. repay B. encourage C. replace D. entertain 35. A. love B. gratefulness C. interest D. determination 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者个人在1993年一个晚上遭遇车辆抛锚并得到陌生人帮助的经历，展现了人与人之间的善意和互助。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雪地里没有电话，我知道自己被困住了。A. stuck被困住的；B. lost迷失的；C. bored无聊的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“One evening in 1993, my car died in a deserted part of the highway to my college party.”可知，作者被困住了。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：步行去求助显然不是个好主意。A. advice建议；B. help帮助；C. money钱；D. food食物。根据下文“So I got out and tried to wave down passing cars.”可知，步行求助不是个好主意。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在路边等了好久都没等到车，而且寒风刺骨，我开始感到快要冻僵了，于是我又回到了车里。A. expectation期望；B. time时间；C. clue线索；D. luck运气。根据下文“I went back into my car.”可知，作者在路边没有等到车。此处表示没有好运气等到车。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路边等了好久都没等到车，而且寒风刺骨，我开始感到快要冻僵了，于是我又回到了车里。A. reflect反映、反思；B. fall落下；C. freeze结冰；D. regret后悔、遗憾。根据空后的“in the bitter wind”以及下文“At this point, however, I was cold and desperate.”可知，此时作者非常冷，快冻僵了。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：突然，一辆卡车停了下来，我对此非常感激。A. broke down抛锚、崩溃；B. pulled over停车；C. passed by经过；D. hurried away匆忙离开。根据下文“I was ____6____ at first to climb into a stranger’s truck.”可知，有辆卡车停了下来。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我有点犹豫要不要爬进一个陌生人的卡车里。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. content满足的；C. curious好奇的；D. humble谦逊的。根据下文“At this point, however, I was cold and desperate. The ____7____ of the truck was too inviting to ____8____ .”可知，作者最初有点犹豫，后来太冷了才进了卡车。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡车里的温暖太诱人了，让人无法拒绝。A. design设计；B. smell气味；C. color颜色；D. warmth温暖。根据上文“At this point, however, I was cold and desperate.”可知，卡车非常温暖，而作者太冷了，所以无法拒绝司机的帮助。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡车里的温暖太诱人了，让人无法拒绝。A. possess拥有；B. decline下降、拒绝；C. accept接受；D. enjoy喜欢、享受。根据下文“As I climbed inside, the first thing I noticed was a picture of his family attached to his dashboard (仪表盘).”可知，作者无法拒绝司机的好意，爬进了卡车。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先自我介绍叫“Mike”，然后问我要去哪里。A. treated对待；B. imagined想象；C. introduced介绍；D. viewed看待。根据空后的“himself as “Mike””可知，司机自我介绍名叫Mike。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释了我的情况，幸运的是，他正好也要去那个方向，很乐意捎我一程。A. predicted预测；B. analyzed分析；C. controlled控制；D. explained解释。根据空后的“my situation and, as luck would have it, he was ____11____ that very way and would be glad to drop me off.”可知，作者向Mike解释了自己的处境。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释了我情况，幸运的是，他正好也要去那个方向，很乐意捎我一程。A. heading前往；B. leaving离开；C. repairing修理；D. clearing清除。根据空后“would be glad to drop me off.”可知，司机也正好要去那个方向，可以捎作者一程。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻对Mike感到放心。A. originally最初；B. recently最近；C. immediately立即；D. frequently经常。根据上文内容，作者得知可以搭Mike的便车到达目的地，因此立刻感到很轻松。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我讲着家里的趣事，逗得我哈哈大笑，直到我到达目的地。A. station车站；B. house房子；C. car汽车；D. destination目的地。根据空前的“arrived at”可知，作者一路欢声笑语来到了目的地。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问Mike，有没有什么我可以为他做的来报答他。A. repay偿还；B. encourage鼓励；C. replace取代；D. entertain娱乐。根据下文“His only answer? “Just be careful.” Then he drove away.”以及常理可知，作者是想询问Mike自己可以如何报答他。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我四处打听，想找到Mike，以表达我的感激之情。A. love爱；B. gratefulness感激；C. interest兴趣；D. determination决心。根据上文“The next day, I asked around to try to find Mike so that I could show my”以及常理可知，Mike帮助了作者，作者想要表达自己的感激之情。故选B。 第II卷(非选择题) 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cheering, dancing and singing, local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie, Guizhou, on Aug 12. The festival ____36____ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2011. There are different stories about how the festival started. But ____37____ (probable) it was because of the natural worship(崇拜) of fire by the Yi people. Fire was important since their ancestors could use it to bring light as well as ____38____ (warm) and cook food. One Yi ethnic proverb says, “Everything you eat must’see’ fire.” This is due to ____39____ old practice. Before bringing meat into the home from the outside, a small fire must first be lit outside and the meat should be smoked on the fire. In farming, fire was used ____40____ (light) piles of branches and leaves, ____41____ were later buried in the ground. The Yi people used to celebrate the harvest, as a way to pray for a good harvest and drive away evil from their homes and farmland. Today it has become a ____42____ (society) event where people come together to light torches and join in various ____43____ (activity) such as building bonfires, horse racing, wrestling, bullfighting and beauty contests. The festival also provides people ____44____ a chance to expand their circle of friends. Through the festival, the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life, _____45_____ get more people to understand their lifestyle and traditions. 【答案】36. was listed 37. probably 38. warmth 39. an 40. to light 41. which 42. social 43. activities 44. with 45. but 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了贵州彝族的火把节。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：2011年，该节日被列为国家非物质文化遗产。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由in 2011时间状语可知，此处应为一般过去时，结合主语The festival和动词list为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was listed。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：但这可能是因为彝族人对火的自然崇拜。分析句子可知，此处为副词probably作状语修饰整个句子。故填probably。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：火很重要，因为他们的祖先可以用它来带来光明、温暖和烹饪食物。分析句子结构以及空后was系动词可知，此处为名词作主语。故填warmth。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是由于一种古老的做法。根据句意以及空后old practice为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一种古老的做法”为泛指概念，结合old为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在农业中，人们用火来点燃成堆的树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地下。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语sth be used to do“某物被用来做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to light。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在农业中，人们用火来点燃成堆的树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地下。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词branches and leaves在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会活动，人们聚集在一起点燃火炬，参加各种活动，如篝火，赛马，摔跤，斗牛和选美比赛。由空后event为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词。故填social。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会活动，人们聚集在一起点燃火炬，参加各种活动，如篝火，赛马，摔跤，斗牛和选美比赛。由空前various可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填activities。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这个节日还为人们提供了扩大朋友圈的机会。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语provide sb with sth“提供某人某物”。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：通过这个节日，彝族人民不仅分享他们对美好生活的喜悦和感谢，而且让更多的人了解他们的生活方式和传统。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型not only…but(also)…“不但……而且……”的固定句型，满足句意要求。故填but。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华。为了激发学生的英语学习兴趣，上周二你校高二年级开展了“学唱英文歌”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动内容；3. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Learning to sing English songs ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Learning to Sing English Songs Last Tuesday witnessed the activity of Learning to Sing English Songs, which was intended to arouse students interest in English study. All senior two students took part in the activity actively. In order to perform their chosen song, each class spent about two weeks practicing singing. The students’ excellent performances left a deep impression on the teachers. Finally, the winning classes were awarded a certificate of merit. This activity was highly spoken of by every student. Not only did it enrich students’ campus life, but it also promoted their enthusiasm for learning English. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“学唱英文歌”写一篇新闻报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in→join in 旨在：be intended to→aim to 高度评价：speak highly of→think highly of 促进：promote→boost 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：In order to perform their chosen song, each class spent about two weeks practicing singing. 拓展句：Each class performed their chosen song, which they spent about two weeks practicing singing. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Last Tuesday witnessed the activity of Learning to Sing English Songs, which was intended to arouse students interest in English study. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Not only did it enrich students’ campus life, but it also promoted their enthusiasm for learning English. (运用了部分倒装句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Simple Act of Kindness It was a cold winter afternoon. Sixteen-year-old Lily was walking home from school, her hands deep in her coat pockets. Snowflakes danced in the air and the street was quiet. As she passed the small park near her house, she noticed an old man sitting alone on a bench. He wore only a thin jacket and was shaking with cold. Lily stopped. She had seen the man before; he often collected plastic bottles nearby. Today, however, he looked especially pale. She hesitated for a second, then walked over. "Excuse me, are you all right?" she asked gently. The old man raised his head slowly. "I'm just... a little cold," he whispered. "I missed the last bus home, and my legs aren't good in this weather." Lily looked around. There was no one else in sight. She remembered the wool scarf in her schoolbag; her grandmother had knitted it for her last month. Without thinking twice, she took it out and wrapped it around the man's neck. "Here, this will help," she said with a smile. Then she pulled out the small packet of chocolate cookies she had saved for homework time. "And these too." The old man's eyes filled with tears. "Thank you, young lady. You're very kind." Lily felt warmth spread inside her. "My house is just across the street. Would you like to warm up there? My mom is making soup." 注意：续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: After a moment of surprise, the man nodded. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One spring evening three months later, Mr. Green handed Lily a small envelope. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 After a moment of surprise, the man nodded. With Lily supporting him, he stood up with difficulty and they moved slowly across the snow-covered street. Inside the house, Mom took one look and quickly brought a thick blanket. Soon a bowl of hot vegetable soup was placed in front of him. While drinking, the old man told them his name was Mr. Green, a retired history teacher who had lost his wife and only daughter many years ago. Lily’s sudden kindness melted the loneliness he had carried for so long. When he finally got up to leave, he folded the wool scarf carefully as if it were something precious. "May I come again?" he asked shyly. "Any afternoon you like," Lily answered, opening the door wide. Paragraph 2 One spring evening three months later, Mr. Green handed Lily a small envelope. Inside was a brand-new city bus pass valid for the whole year. "You once walked in the cold to help me," he said, eyes shining. "Now let the bus take you to your dreams warmed by kindness." Lily held him tightly, realizing that the small act of kindness she had shown on that snowy day had turned into a strong bond that warmed two hearts — and even a whole home — forever. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Lily的善举为线索展开，讲述了Lily在寒冷的冬日下午，看到一位穿着单薄、因错过末班车而受冻的老人Mr. Green，她毫不犹豫地将自己的羊毛围巾和巧克力饼干送给了老人，并邀请他到家中取暖，老人深受感动。三个月后的一个春夜，Mr. Green送给Lily一张全年有效的城市公交卡，让Lily感受到善意的力量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“过了一会儿，老人点了点头。”可知，第一段可描写Lily扶着老人回家，老人受到热情招待，老人感受到温暖，询问是否可以再来，Lily欣然同意。 ②由第二段首句内容“三个月后的一个春夜，Mr. Green递给莉莉一个小信封。”可知，第二段可描写信封里的内容，老人表示Lily的善意温暖了自己，也希望公交卡能带Lily去追寻梦想，Lily感受到善意的力量。 2.续写线索：扶老人回家——老人受到热情招待——老人询问是否可以再来——Lily同意——三个月后老人送来信封——信封里是公交卡——老人表示善意温暖了彼此——Lily感悟 3.词汇激活 行类 ①看一眼：take one look/cast a glance at ②携带：carry/take ③帮助：help/aid 情绪类 ①害羞地：shyly/bashfully ②紧紧地：tightly/firmly 【点睛】[高分句型1]. With Lily supporting him, he stood up with difficulty and they moved slowly across the snow-covered street.(运用了with的复合宾语结构作状语) [高分句型2]. Lily held him tightly, realizing that the small act of kindness she had shown on that snowy day had turned into a strong bond that warmed two hearts — and even a whole home — forever.(运用了现在分词短语作状语，that引导的宾语从句和that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $