Unit 4 Natural disasters it作主语的用法（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 4 Natural disasters 核心语法精练（it作主语的用法） 目录 A. 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B. 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 2 二、完成句子 5 C. 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 一、语法选择 7 二、语法填空 10 1.It 做主语指代时间、天气、距离、气温、季节、日期等。 例句： It is one o'clock. (指代 时间) It is summer now. (指代季节) It rained all day. (指代天气) It is only a five-minute walk from my home to the school. (指代 距离) It is hot in this room. (指代气温) 【拓展】it 作人称代词时，可指代前面提到的事物，还可以指代不明性别、不明身份的人。 The panda is lovely, and it likes eating bamboo. (指代性别不明确的动物或无生命的事务) It is a boy or girl.(指代不清楚性别的婴儿) —Who’s knocking at the door? —Maybe it’s our dad. (指代身份不明的人) The book is not mine. It’s Lisa’s.(指代前面提到过的事物) 2.It 作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。 ①It's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是……（常见形容词necessary, important, easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, possible, impossible 等表示事物的属性、特征的词。） ②It's+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 某人做某事真是太……（常见形容词 kind, nice, good, clever, careless, polite 等表示人的性格、品质的词） ③ It's+n.+to do sth. 做某事是……（（通常为抽象名词a pleasure、an honor、a pity、a shame、fun等） ④It's time to do/for/that… 是做…… 的时间了 ⑤It takes/took (+sb.)+ 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 例句： ① It's important (for us) to learn English well. （学好英语（对我们来说）很重要。） ② It's kind of you to help me with my homework. （你帮我做作业真是太善良了。） ③ It's a pleasure to work with you.（和你一起工作是一件乐事。） ④It's time to have lunch./It's time for lunch./It's time that we had lunch. （是吃午饭的时间了。） ⑤It takes me an hour to finish my homework every day. （我每天花一个小时完成作业。） 3. it作形式主语，还可以用于句型It seems/ appears + that 从句... 例句： It seems that she is very happy today.（她今天看起来似乎很开心。） It appears that they will win the game.（看来他们会赢得这场比赛。） 一、单项选择 1. It’s important ________ English every day. A．practice B．to practice C．practicing D．practiced 2．It takes him 15 minutes ________ home from school. A．walking B．to walk C．walks D．walk 3. It’s very nice ________ you ________ me with the housework. A．to; to help B．of; to help C．of; helping D．to; helping 4. _________ important _________ learn computer skills for future jobs. A．This is; to B．That is; for C．It is; to D．It is; for 5．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 6．—Look at the watch. ________ 7 o’clock now. —Let’s go to school. A．It B．They C．It’s D．They’re 7.________ is three hundred kilometres away from here to Baoding. A．This B．That C．There D．It 8．—Who’s that knocking on the door? —I don’t know. Maybe ________ is Jim. A．he B．him C．it D．that 9．—________ is that jacket?              —________ $100. A．How much; They’re B．How much; It’s C．What color; It’s D．What; They’re 10．It takes ________ half an hour ________ his homework. A．him; do B．him; to do C．his; to do D．his; do 11．—Oh, that’s the bell. It’s time ________ class. Let’s go! —OK. Let’s go. A．to B．in C．for D．at 二、完成句子 1.我们花了两周时间才找出了他们球队的弱点。 It us two weeks the weakness of their team. 2.对我们而言，能参与这次比赛是一件乐事。 It was a pleasure us the game. 3. 对于任何人来说，帮助处于困境中的人们是很重要的。 for anyone to help the people . 4．很荣幸能够跟王子殿下共舞。 to dance with the prince. 5.似乎整个世界都被雪覆盖了。 the whole world snow. 6.该向所有人道别了。 _____________________________________________ 7．这些小发明花了同学们好几个星期的时间完成。___________________________________________ 8．在锻炼前做热身活动是很重要的。(warm up) _____________________________________________ 9．这道数学题太难了， 我解算不了。 _____________________________________________ 10.雨正下得很大。 _____________________________________________ 一、语法选择 When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people 1 will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk（冒……危险）being 2 by floods or 100-kilometer- an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up. “Storm chasing” 3 an increasingly popular hobby now, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms 4 March to July. A storm chaser begins the day by 5 the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 6 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for 7 to develop. 8 anyone can do it, storm chasing is very dangerous.The power of a big storm 9 throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are 10 often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain.If you are a beginner, it is much 11 to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season. Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, “Sometimes it can take you hours 12 for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and 13 light showers.” However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “ 14 you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is 15 example of the power of nature.It is the greatest show on Earth.” 1．A．which B．who C．when D．what 2．A．killing B．kill C．killed D．to kill 3．A．becomes B．became C．was becoming D．is becoming 4．A．between B．from C．on D．with 5．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．check 6．A．one thousand B．thousand of C．one thousand of D．thousand 7．A．its B．it C．it’s D．them 8．A．Although B．So C．Because D．If 9．A．must B．should C．shall D．can 10．A．too B．either C．also D．as well 11．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．safely 12．A．waiting B．waited C．wait D．to wait 13．A．a few B．a little C．few D．little 14．A．Until B．When C．After D．Unless 15．A．an B．a C．the D．/ 二、语法填空 A tornado (龙卷风) is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly. They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage (损坏). As they move across the land, they can 1 (easy) pick up cars, trucks and even houses, and then throw them very far. It is important to find a safe place if a tornado 2 (get) close. A safe place could be a basement (地下室) or the lowest floor. If you are in a home 3 a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. You should curl up (蜷缩) into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands. But there are some people 4 actually want to get close to tornadoes. They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes. One of the 5 (good) ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado. They use special tools to measure (测量) what is happening in and around a tornado. One special tool 6 (call) a tornado probe (探测仪). Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors (传感器) to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure and direction. Some probes even have 7 (camera), so the scientists can see and understand what it’s like to be in a tornado. To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado. Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. 8 they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use 9 (they) to predict where future tornadoes may form and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from 10 dangerous tornado. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Natural disasters 核心语法精练（it作主语的用法） 目录 A. 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B. 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 2 二、完成句子 5 C. 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 一、语法选择 7 二、语法填空 10 1.It 做主语指代时间、天气、距离、气温、季节、日期等。 例句： It is one o'clock. (指代 时间) It is summer now. (指代季节) It rained all day. (指代天气) It is only a five-minute walk from my home to the school. (指代 距离) It is hot in this room. (指代气温) 【拓展】it 作人称代词时，可指代前面提到的事物，还可以指代不明性别、不明身份的人。 The panda is lovely, and it likes eating bamboo. (指代性别不明确的动物或无生命的事务) It is a boy or girl.(指代不清楚性别的婴儿) —Who’s knocking at the door? —Maybe it’s our dad. (指代身份不明的人) The book is not mine. It’s Lisa’s.(指代前面提到过的事物) 2.It 作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。 ①It's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是……（常见形容词necessary, important, easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, possible, impossible 等表示事物的属性、特征的词。） ②It's+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 某人做某事真是太……（常见形容词 kind, nice, good, clever, careless, polite 等表示人的性格、品质的词） ③ It's+n.+to do sth. 做某事是……（（通常为抽象名词a pleasure、an honor、a pity、a shame、fun等） ④It's time to do/for/that… 是做…… 的时间了 ⑤It takes/took (+sb.)+ 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 例句： ① It's important (for us) to learn English well. （学好英语（对我们来说）很重要。） ② It's kind of you to help me with my homework. （你帮我做作业真是太善良了。） ③ It's a pleasure to work with you.（和你一起工作是一件乐事。） ④It's time to have lunch./It's time for lunch./It's time that we had lunch. （是吃午饭的时间了。） ⑤It takes me an hour to finish my homework every day. （我每天花一个小时完成作业。） 3. it作形式主语，还可以用于句型It seems/ appears + that 从句... 例句： It seems that she is very happy today.（她今天看起来似乎很开心。） It appears that they will win the game.（看来他们会赢得这场比赛。） 一、单项选择 1. It’s important ________ English every day. A．practice B．to practice C．practicing D．practiced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每天练习英语很重要。 考查非谓语动词。practice练习，动词原形；to practice不定式；practicing现在分词或动名词；practiced过去式或过去分词。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“做某事是……的”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to do sth.”，所以此处选“to practice”。故选B。 2．It takes him 15 minutes ________ home from school. A．walking B．to walk C．walks D．walk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他从学校步行回家需要15分钟。 考查it的固定句型。此处是结构it takes sb. time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故选B。 3. It’s very nice ________ you ________ me with the housework. A．to; to help B．of; to help C．of; helping D．to; helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你帮助我做家务真是太好了。 考查固定句型。根据“It’s very nice”可知，此处形容词nice是用来描述人的品质特点的。此处考查It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是……的”这一句型。故选 B。 4. _________ important _________ learn computer skills for future jobs. A．This is; to B．That is; for C．It is; to D．It is; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学习计算机技能对未来工作很重要。 考查固定句型。根据“... important ... learn computer skills”及选项可知，此处是固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故选C。 5．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——北京天气怎么样？——温暖而晴朗。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么；It’s它是；How如何；It它。询问天气可以用“How is the weather?”或“What is the weather like?”。此处用how，排除A、D；第二句缺少主语和谓语，主语是it，be动词用is。故选B。 6．—Look at the watch. ________ 7 o’clock now. —Let’s go to school. A．It B．They C．It’s D．They’re 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看手表。现在7点了。——我们去上学吧。 考查it的特殊用法。根据“Look at the watch.…7 o’clock now.”可知，表示时间时用非人称代词it，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故选C。 7.________ is three hundred kilometres away from here to Baoding. A．This B．That C．There D．It 【答案】D 【详解】句意：从这里到保定有三百公里。 考查代词用法。this这个；that那个；there那里；it它。根据“three hundred kilometres away from”可知此处是代指距离，应用it，故选D。 8．—Who’s that knocking on the door? —I don’t know. Maybe ________ is Jim. A．he B．him C．it D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁在敲门？——我不知道。也许是吉姆。 考查代词辨析。he他，主格；him他，宾格；it它；that那个。根据“Maybe”可知，不知道对方是谁，用it指代不明身份的人。故选C。 9．—________ is that jacket?              —________ $100. A．How much; They’re B．How much; It’s C．What color; It’s D．What; They’re 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——那件夹克多少钱？——100美元。 考查特殊疑问句及其回答。how much多少钱；what color什么颜色；what什么。根据“$100”可知，询问价格，How much符合句意；价格用it代替，故选B。 10．It takes ________ half an hour ________ his homework. A．him; do B．him; to do C．his; to do D．his; do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他做作业花了半个小时。 考查it固定句型。该句考查“It takes+(某人)+时间+to do sth.”固定句型，表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。takes为动词，接人称代词宾格形式him。故选B。 11．—Oh, that’s the bell. It’s time ________ class. Let’s go! —OK. Let’s go. A．to B．in C．for D．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 哦，铃响了。到上课时间了。咱们走吧！—— 好的。我们走。 考查介词辨析。“It’s time for + 名词” 表示 “到…… 的时间了”。“class” 是名词，“to” 常搭配 “It’s time to + 动词原形” ，“in”“at” 不用于此结构。故选 C。 二、完成句子 1.我们花了两周时间才找出了他们球队的弱点。 It us two weeks the weakness of their team. 【答案】 took to find out 【详解】根据语境和句子结构可知，此句使用固定句型“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，表示“某人花费多少时间做某事”。根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，“take”的过去式是“took”；“找出”的英文表达是“find out”，结合固定句型，此处应使用动词不定式“to find out”作真正的主语。故填took；to；find；out。 2.对我们而言，能参与这次比赛是一件乐事。 It was a pleasure us the game. 【答案】 for to join in 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查固定句型“It is/was a pleasure for sb. to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是一件乐事”。第一个空格后为“us”，因此应填介词for；第二个空格后为动词原形，因此应填不定式符号 to；“参与比赛”可用join in表达。故填for；to；join；in。 3. 对于任何人来说，帮助处于困境中的人们是很重要的。 for anyone to help the people . 【答案】 It’s important in need 【详解】It is+形容词＋for sb. to do sth.意为“对于某人来说做某事是……的”；important“重要的”；in need“处于困境中”。故填It’s；important；in；need。 4．很荣幸能够跟王子殿下共舞。 to dance with the prince. 【答案】 It’s   a great honor/honour 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，It’s a great honor/honour to do sth表示 “很荣幸做某事”，是it固定句型。故填It’s；a；great；honor/honour。 5.似乎整个世界都被雪覆盖了。 the whole world snow. 【答案】 It seems that is covered with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知此处缺少“似乎”、“被覆盖”。根据句意可知描述的是一种当下的状态或者客观存在的情况，常用一般现在时。It seems that意为“似乎”；be covered with意为“被覆盖”，主语是the whole world，谓语动词用is，故填It；seems；that；is；covered；with。 6.该向所有人道别了。 _____________________________________________ 【答案】It’s time to say goodbye to everyone/everybody. 【详解】该做某事了：It’s time to do sth.；向某人道别：say goodbye to sb.，所有人：everyone/everybody。故填It’s time to say goodbye to everyone/everybody. 7．这些小发明花了同学们好几个星期的时间完成。___________________________________________ 【答案】It took the students several weeks to complete these small inventions. 【详解】这些小发明：these small inventions；同学们：the students；好几个星期的时间：several weeks；完成：complete。表示“做某事花了某人多长时间”用句型“It takes/took sb some time to do sth”。结合语境可知，此题为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事。故填It took the students several weeks to complete these small inventions. 8．在锻炼前做热身活动是很重要的。(warm up) _____________________________________________ 【答案】It’s important to warm up before exercise. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句是一个It’s+adj+to do sth句型的表达，意为“做某事是…… 的”，warm up“热身”，“在锻炼前做热身活动”英文为“warm up before exercise”，“重要的”英文为“ important”，It 在此处是形式主语，无实际含义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构 “to warm up before exercise”。故填It’s important to warm up before exercise. 9．这道数学题太难了， 我解算不了。 _____________________________________________ 【答案】It is too difficult for me to work out this maths problem./This maths problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句表示“太……而不能……”，可用“too...to...”以及“so...that...”的结构，均使用一般现在时态，描述当前的客观情况。“这道数学题”英文为this maths problem；“太难了”too/so difficult； “解出”work out。使用“too...to...”结构时，可表达为It is too difficult for me to work out this maths problem；使用“so...that...”结构引导结果状语从句时，可表达为This maths problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out。故填It is too difficult for me to work out this maths problem./This maths problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 10.雨正下得很大。 _____________________________________________ 【答案】It’s raining heavily. 【详解】根据中文可知，此处描述“正在下雨”的动作，时态用现在进行时，此处用it代指天气，系动词用is，rain“下雨”，现在分词是raining，副词heavily“很大”修饰动词rain。故填It’s raining heavily. 一、语法选择 When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people 1 will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk（冒……危险）being 2 by floods or 100-kilometer- an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up. “Storm chasing” 3 an increasingly popular hobby now, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms 4 March to July. A storm chaser begins the day by 5 the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 6 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for 7 to develop. 8 anyone can do it, storm chasing is very dangerous.The power of a big storm 9 throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are 10 often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain.If you are a beginner, it is much 11 to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season. Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, “Sometimes it can take you hours 12 for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and 13 light showers.” However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “ 14 you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is 15 example of the power of nature.It is the greatest show on Earth.” 1．A．which B．who C．when D．what 2．A．killing B．kill C．killed D．to kill 3．A．becomes B．became C．was becoming D．is becoming 4．A．between B．from C．on D．with 5．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．check 6．A．one thousand B．thousand of C．one thousand of D．thousand 7．A．its B．it C．it’s D．them 8．A．Although B．So C．Because D．If 9．A．must B．should C．shall D．can 10．A．too B．either C．also D．as well 11．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．safely 12．A．waiting B．waited C．wait D．to wait 13．A．a few B．a little C．few D．little 14．A．Until B．When C．After D．Unless 15．A．an B．a C．the D．/ 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述风暴追逐者敢于冒生命和受伤的风险，追逐风暴，只是想看到暴风雨来临时激动人心的景象。 1．句意：但是有少数的人会进入他们的轿车笔直进入风暴的中心。 which哪一个；who谁；when什么时候；what什么。此处是定语从句，先行词“people”指的是人，从句缺主语，用关系代词“who”引导从句。故选B。 2．句意：这些人为了近处看风暴的兴奋刺激感，愿意冒被洪水或每小时100千米的大风杀死的风险。 killing杀，动名词；kill动词原形；killed动词的过去式；to kill动词不定式。根据“by floods or 100-kilometer- an-hour winds”可知是被动结构，被动“被杀死”用“being killed”。故选C。 3．句意：追逐风暴现在正变成一个日益流行的兴趣爱好，尤其是在美国中西部，从三月到七月经常有风暴。 becomes变成，动词的三单形式；became动词的过去式；was becoming过去进行时；is becoming现在进行时。根据“now”可知句子是现在进行时，主语是单数概念，表达“现在正变成一个日益流行的兴趣爱好”，动词用“is becoming”。故选D。 4．句意：追逐风暴现在正变成一个日益流行的兴趣爱好，尤其是在美国中西部，从三月到七月经常有风暴。 between在二者之间；from从；on在某物上面；with和。根据“March to July”可知表达“从三月到七月”用短语“from…to…”。故选B。 5．句意：暴风追逐者通过查看网络获取最新的天气预报开始一天。 to check核实，动词不定式；checked动词过去式；checking动词现在分词或动名词；check动词原形。介词“by”后缺宾语，用动名词形式“checking”。故选C。 6．句意：暴风追逐者通过查看网络获取最新的天气预报开始一天，然后开车高达1000千米到风暴的地方，等待风暴的发展。 one thousand一千；thousand千。根据“kilometers”可知表达具体数量“1000千米”，用“one thousand”。故选A。 7．句意：暴风追逐者通过查看网络获取最新的天气预报开始一天，然后开车高达1000千米到风暴的地方，等待风暴的发展。 its它的；it它；it’s它是；them它们。“waits for”后缺宾语，根据“the storm”可知是单数概念，用人称代词的宾格“it”来代替。故选B。 8．句意：虽然任何人可以做这件事，风暴追逐是非常危险的。 although尽管；so因此；because因为；if如果。根据“anyone can do it”可知表达让步“虽然任何人可以做这件事”，用连词“although”引导让步状语从句。故选A。 9．句意：一场大的风暴的力量能把一头母牛扔向空中或在几秒内毁坏一整座房子。 must必须；should应该；shall将；can能。根据“throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds”可知讲述风暴能达到的程度，用情态动词“can”。故选D。 10．句意：风暴追逐者在暴雨中驾驶，也经常在事故中受伤。 too也,用在肯定句句末，一般用逗号和前面的句子隔开；either也，用在否定句句末；also也，用在句中；as well也，用在句末。肯定句句中，be动词“are”后面用“also”表达“也”。故选C。 11．句意：如果你是一个初学者，在风暴季节加入风暴追逐假期的一个团队是比较安全的。 safe安全的；safer较安全的；safest最安全的；safely安全地。根据“much”可知用形容词比较级，表达“更安全”。故选B。 12．句意：有时候等着某事发生会花费你好几个小时，你得到的全部只是蓝色的太空和少量的小阵雨。 waiting等待，现在分词；waited动词过去式；wait动词原形；to wait动词不定式。表达“做某事花费某人时间”用“It takes sb. 时间 to do”的结构。“it”是形式主语，用动词不定式“to wait”作真正的主语。故选D。 13．句意：有时候等着某事发生会花费你好几个小时，你得到的只是蓝色的太空和少量的小阵雨。 a few少数，接可数名词；a little少量，接不可数名词；few几乎没，接可数名词；little几乎没，接不可数名词。“showers”是可数名词复数形式，根据“all you get is blue sky”可知表达肯定意义，用“a few”。故选A。 14．句意：直到你接近风暴，你才会看到你生命中最让人兴奋的景象。 until直到；when当；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“you get close to a storm”可知表达时间“直到”，用“until”引导时间状语从句。故选B。 15．句意：每场暴风雨都是大自然力量的见证。 an不定冠词，用在元音音素开始的单词前；a不定冠词，用在辅音音素开始的单词前； the定冠词，表示确指。句子表达泛指“一个”，“example”是元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词“an”。故选A。 二、语法填空 A tornado (龙卷风) is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly. They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage (损坏). As they move across the land, they can 1 (easy) pick up cars, trucks and even houses, and then throw them very far. It is important to find a safe place if a tornado 2 (get) close. A safe place could be a basement (地下室) or the lowest floor. If you are in a home 3 a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. You should curl up (蜷缩) into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands. But there are some people 4 actually want to get close to tornadoes. They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes. One of the 5 (good) ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado. They use special tools to measure (测量) what is happening in and around a tornado. One special tool 6 (call) a tornado probe (探测仪). Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors (传感器) to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure and direction. Some probes even have 7 (camera), so the scientists can see and understand what it’s like to be in a tornado. To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado. Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. 8 they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use 9 (they) to predict where future tornadoes may form and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from 10 dangerous tornado. 【答案】 1．easily 2．gets 3．without 4．who/that 5．best 6．is called 7．cameras 8．If 9．them 10．a 【导语】本文主要介绍了龙卷风的相关知识以及科学家如何研究龙卷风。 1．句意：当它们在陆地上移动时，它们可以很容易地举起汽车、卡车甚至房子，然后把它们扔到很远的地方。此处修饰动词 pick up，应用easy的副词形式easily。故填easily。 2．句意：如果龙卷风靠近，找到一个安全的地方是很重要的。通常使用一般现在时来表示将来可能发生的情况；主语是“a tornado”，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填gets。 3．句意：如果你住的房子没有地下室，试着找一间一楼的浴室，或者在房子中间找一间没有窗户的小房间。根据“try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house”可知，此处表示“没有地下室”，应用without，意为“没有”。故填without。 4．句意：但有些人真的想接近龙卷风。分析句子可知，“... actually want to get close to tornadoes”是定语从句，先行词是people，引导词在从句中作主语，因此用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 5．句意：最好的方法之一就是尽可能靠近龙卷风。“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，因此此处填good的最高级形式best。故填best。 6．句意：一种特殊的工具被称为龙卷风探测器。此处表示“被称为”，应用被动语态，其结构是“be done”；时态为一般现在时，且主语是“One special tool”，因此be动词用is。故填is called。 7．句意：有些探测器甚至有摄像头，所以科学家们可以看到并了解龙卷风中的情况。根据“Some probes”可知，此处应用camera的复数形式。故填cameras。 8．句意：如果他们没有猜对，他们就拿起探针去另一个地方试试。根据“they pick up their probe and try another place”可知，此处表示条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，句首首字母要大写。故填If。 9．句意：然后，他们从探测器上获取所有的测量数据，并用这些数据来预测未来龙卷风可能在哪里形成和移动。此处作动词use的宾语，应用they的宾格them。故填them。 10．句意：它们可以给人们一些警告，让他们远离危险的龙卷风。tornado为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且dangerous发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $