Unit 4 课时2 C Reading：时代变迁主题阅读（分层作业）英语沪教版五四学制2024八年级上册

Unit 4 Then and now 课时2 Reading：时代变迁主题阅读（分层作业） 一、核心词汇 1.名词类：tourism（旅游业）、income（收入）、poverty（贫困）、donation（捐款）、colony（定居点）、rocket（火箭）、financial crisis（经济危机）、memory（回忆）、suburb（郊区） 2.动词类：develop（发展）、increase（增加）、reduce（减少）、lift（使摆脱）、colonize（殖民）、demolish（拆除）、pollute（污染）、plant（种植）、gather（聚集） 3.形容词类：rapid（快速的）、comfortable（舒适的）、poor（贫穷的）、empty（空的）、crowded（拥挤的）、peaceful（平和的）、safe（安全的）、bankrupt（破产的） 4.副词类：extremely（极其）、quietly（安静地）、freely（自由地）、widely（广泛地）、greatly（极大地） 二、核心短语 1.固定搭配： •depend on（依靠） •thanks to（多亏） •care for（照顾） •in case（以防） •according to（根据） •plan to do sth.（计划做某事） •used to do sth.（过去常常做某事） •be responsible for（对…… 负责） •play a role in（在…… 中起作用） •take on a new look（呈现新面貌） 2.场景短语： •rural area（农村地区） •space station（太空站） •human society（人类社会） •medical clinic（医疗诊所） •online shop（网店） •local food（当地食物） •high-speed train（高铁） •living condition（生活条件） 一、阅读理解 A Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them. The people there have become rich with the development of tourism. You Mingfen, a local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house. Her family also has a fishing boat. Her husband (丈夫) can use it to get the fresh fish. They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors. “The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October. It can bring us more than 50,000 yuan a year,” she said. “In winter, we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the leisure time. It was impossible before. At that time, we almost depended on fishing for a living.” Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. More and more visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan a year. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable. Thanks to the good policies of the government, villagers get more ways to make money. Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown. They can not only care for their families but also help build their hometown. 1．The development of ________ makes people in Bacha become rich. A．education B．farming C．fishing D．tourism 2．Which of the following about You Mingfen is TRUE? A．She comes from a city. B．She has a two-floor house. C．She has to fish in winter. D．The gifts made by her are expensive. 3．How long does the busiest tourism season in Bacha last? A．Three months. B．Six months. C．Seven months. D．Ten months. 4．The underlined word “income” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese. A．收入 B．支出 C．价格 D．税收 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fishing for a Living B．“Beautiful Villages” Project C．Great Changes in Bacha Village D．The Tourism Industry in China B Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to live on, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor: the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon. 1．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To give reasons for and against space colonization. B．To tell about what life would be like on the moon. C．To compare the environments of Mars and the moon. D．To let us know what the company SpaceX does. 2．Why are some countries planning to build lunar space stations? A．To learn more about the moon’s situation. B．To reduce the number of people living on Earth. C．To prepare humans to live on other planets. D．To show their technological strength. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．There are a few reasons not to send humans to space. B．A mission to Mars should be designed on a large scale. C．Many countries are planning missions to the moon. D．There are a number of reasons to travel to Mars. 4．What does “First stop: the moon” mean in the last paragraph? A．Everybody wants to visit the moon first. B．All spaceships to other planets have to stop at the moon first. C．The first place humans visit in space is the moon. D．The first human colony in space will likely be on the moon. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude toward sending people into space? A．The writer has a positive attitude. B．The writer has a negative attitude. C．The writer doesn’t mind it. D．We don’t know. C Poverty (贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary (普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them. Miss Zhang, 66, has been helping girls pursue (追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school (辍学) after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations (捐款) to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges. Mr. Mao, 64, works as the Party secretary of his village. But there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. So he led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. ________. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income (人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s. Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties and 128,000 villages where these people live are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible (负责的) for reducing 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s. 1．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It made Mao feel unhappy B．Mao failed to build the road C．It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road D．Mao hated this village very much 2．What do you know about Mr. Mao according to the text? A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged young people to return to the village C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road in a short time. 3．What’s the right structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph? A．To praise (表扬) the spirits of model workers. B．To show great achievements against poverty. C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty. D．To describe the experiences of fighting against poverty. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Miss Zhang started a free school when she was 30. B．The per capita income in Mao’s village was more than ￥500 in the 1990s. C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past. D．Miss Zhang has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years. D The small river behind my grandmother’s house was my childhood paradise. Every day after school, my friends and I would play by its clear water. We loved watching small fish swim near the shore and listening to birds sing in the trees. The river smelled like wet earth and green grass—a smell I can still remember when I close my eyes. One special memory shines brightest. On my tenth birthday, Grandpa taught me to fish using just a bamboo pole and some bread. The sun was warm on our backs as we waited quietly. When I caught my first fish, Grandpa smiled and said, “Good job!” That night, we let the fish go back into the water. Now my hometown has changed greatly. The small and old road is gone. There are completely wide and new roads. Standing by the roads are many tall buildings. It is quite different from the hometown in the past. I feel a little upset, but when I recall (回忆起) my childhood days, I still feel happy and warm. I always think of what my grandpa taught me: Life keeps changing like this river, but happy memories stay with us forever. When I feel sad or worried, I think of those sunny afternoons by the water. The river reminds me to be thankful for the past but keep looking forward to the future. 1．What does “paradise” mean in the first paragraph? A．A very happy place B．A dangerous place C．A school building D．A kind of fish 2．What did the writer and Grandpa do with the fish they caught? A．Cooked it for dinner B．Put it in a fish tank (箱子) C．Let it go back in the river D．Gave it to neighbors 3．How does the writer probably feel about the changes in hometown? A．Angry about all the changes B．Happy with the new buildings C．Upset but accepts (接受) the changes D．Doesn’t care about changes 4．What did the writer learn from his grandpa? A．Forget the past. B．Life is always the same. C．Be thankful for the past.     D．Life is like the new buildings in his hometown. 5．What is the main idea of this story? A．Fishing is an important skill to learn B．Childhood memories can stay with us forever C．Cities should not build near rivers D．Grandparents are wiser than parents 二、完形填空 A Coconut Island is a beautiful island with coconut palms (椰子树), golden beaches and clear blue sea. I’m sorry, I made a 1 . Coconut Island was a beautiful island. There are still coconut palms, golden beaches and clear blue sea but not like before. So, what happened? Well, I have a friend who was there five years ago. Her photo album is full of wonderful pictures of empty beaches and small wooden bungalows (小屋) on the beach. She said you didn’t need to book, just 2 and you would find somewhere cheap, quiet and peaceful to live. The beach now is 3 empty—it’s crowded all day! There is music from the cafes. Children are shouting and screaming, and the hotels are very expensive. But perhaps this is 4 ? Not only are the roads better but there is also a new medical clinic. The local kids now speak English and there are many new businesses opening all the time. Once I saw an old woman trying to cross the road from her house to the shops, it’s no longer a small, quiet road but a large and very busy one. She looked 5 and waited for someone to walk with her. The children no longer ride bicycles but race around the island on motorbikes. It’s not so 6 either—my friend stayed in a bungalow on the beach that had no lock. Now the hotel manager says it’s a good idea to put things in the safe box. Are things getting better or worse? 1．A．decision B．noise C．living D．mistake 2．A．showed up B．looked up C．woke up D．took up 3．A．even B．never C．ever D．also 4．A．danger B．history C．progress D．travel 5．A．hopeless B．brave C．excited D．nervous 6．A．comfortable B．awful C．safe D．boring B My father told me that there used to be a forest near our town. But the farmer who owned the forest 1 trees every year until one year, there were no trees left. One day, our teacher took us out and we had a 2 in the field where the forest used to be. While eating and drinking, we talked about the beautiful forest we once had. One of my classmates comes from a tribe (部落) that lived in the west of our country. He told us what he thought about the change. “It makes me really 3 to learn that a forest has disappeared. My people have taught me to always think seven generations in the future. That’s to say, when we do something to the land, we should 4 hurt it. We must care about nature and leave it good enough for later generations.” When we heard what he said, we kept 5 first. “Let’s plant some trees!” said our teacher after a moment. “It will be a good start!” So that’s what we did. For the rest of the spring, we worked hard and we planted thousands of trees. That was five years ago. Today, when I stand in that field which was once empty, I see trees as tall as I am. It’s great to see how we’ve 6 the field. It taught us the power of thinking about the future. 1．A．cut up B．cut down C．looked for D．looked after 2．A．picnic B．test C．wish D．lesson 3．A．tired B．excited C．sad D．hopeful 4．A．sometimes B．always C．hardly D．never 5．A．thankful B．happy C．silent D．shy 6．A．broken B．bought C．wasted D．changed C The American city of Detroit (底特律) was like Paris, some people said. It had a big river, beautiful wide streets and important buildings. Then, in the 20th century, it was called “Motor City” because of the 1 of car factories there. Workers in the car factories had good jobs and they earned good money. It wasn’t unusual to own a home, a boat and even a holiday home. In the 1950s, new highways were built and lots of people 2 from the city centre to the suburbs. Life was good. But at the beginning of the 21st century, Detroit became America’s poorest big city. In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit. Houses and buildings were 3 . Poverty and crime increased. Plants and trees grew in the houses. What happened in Detroit? The city’s population fell for several reasons. First, people moved to the suburbs in the 1950s. And in 1967, there were terrible riots (暴乱). A lot of people were afraid of coming to the city. Also, the big car companies 4 General Motors and Chrysler had huge problems. And in 2008, the world financial crisis (经济危机) had a big effect on many cities, especially Detroit. Now, a lot of people in Detroit are poor. Half of the city’s families have less than 25,000 dollars a year. In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产). It was the 5 bankrupt city in American history. But then 6 began to change. It was a new beginning for the city. It had some money to improve small things like lights in the streets and so people felt safe. The police came quickly when there were problems. Old, empty buildings were demolished (拆除). There is now space for new buildings. And there are new businesses too. The city gave 10,000 dollars to 30 new small businesses. Now there are grocery stores, juice bars, coffee shops and even bicycle makers. Finally, the city is working again. 1．A．research B．improvement C．number D．advantage 2．A．moved B．removed C．supported D．sent 3．A．rural B．continuous C．fantastic D．empty 4．A．for example B．are like C．as for D．such as 5．A．biggest B．smallest C．highest D．best 6．A．everyone B．something C．anything D．nothing 三、语法选择 A My hometown is a small town in the northwest of China. It was poor and dirty ten years ago, 1 it has changed a lot over these years. In 2 past, there were only several low buildings in the town. The roads were narrow and dirty. People usually went to work on foot or by bike. They didn’t realize 3 something wrong. But later several factories 4 the environment. The rivers were very dirty and let out terrible smell. But now, the town has taken on a new look. You can see many skyscrapers (摩天大楼). The roads are wide and clean 5 beautiful flowers and green grass on both sides. There are a lot of cars and taxis on 6 . Besides, a subway has been built to connect the town with the center of our city. It is much 7 for people to travel. The government has closed the factories so the rivers are clearer. Fish swim there freely again. The sky is bluer, too. People also have more ways to have fun, such as going to the new parks or shopping centers. What’s more, a large square 8 three years ago. People often gather there to dance and hold different kinds of activities. There 9 also new libraries to encourage people to read. I am so excited 10 these changes. I love my hometown more deeply now and am full of hope for its brighter future. 1．A．and B．but C．or D．so 2．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 3．A．how was there B．how there was C．that was there D．that there was 4．A．polluted B．pollute C．will pollute D．are polluting 5．A．from B．of C．with D．at 6．A．them B．they C．their D．themselves 7．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 8．A．build B．built C．was built D．is built 9．A．was B．is C．were D．are 10．A．see B．to see C．take D．to take B 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and there wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite 5 . In China, technology has played an important role 6 daily life. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes are widely used by people. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every 8 has a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care 9 be gotten easily with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1．A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2．A．They were B．There were C．It was 3．A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．surprising B．more surprising C．the most surprising 6．A．on B．in C．of 7．A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8．A．family B．family’s C．families 9．A．must B．should C．can 10．A．a B．an C．the 四、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不超过三个单词） Twenty years ago, many young people left their hometown to work in the city. But now more and more hometowns are 1 (change) for the better. Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old father, 2 (work) in Wenzhou for almost 13 years. Recently, he returned to his village. “I’ve always wanted to move back. My hometown has changed so much since I 3 (leave),” he said. The government has built many modern roads and bridges. The old school opened in the mid-20th century 4 (have) very small classrooms. Now, there is 5 modern school with a big library. City teachers also come 6 (help) the students. Zhong Wei plans 7 (open) an online shop to sell local food. He believes these changes are important, 8 one thing remains unchanged: the big old tree near the school. He used to play under it 9 his friends. “It holds our happiest 10 (memory),” he said. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Nowadays, 1 (million) of Chinese people leave their towns or villages to search for work in cities. The reason is that there 2 (be) more jobs to choose from and better living conditions in cities. They want to earn more money and give their family a better life. Zhong Wei is among 3 (they). He has lived in Wenzhou since 13 years ago. With a busy job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t have time 4 (return) to his village often. He said it was 5 shame that he had to leave his hometown. Besides Zhong Wei, Linlin also lives far away from her hometown with her parents who work in the city. She regards her hometown as a relaxing and perfect place. She considers it a place where she can forget all her worries. Last week, her parents took her to the China National Tea Museum. They watched the performances which showed 6 to make a perfect cup of tea. She thought that watching the tea preparation was just as 7 (enjoyable) as drinking the tea itself. It reminded Linlin of her grandfather who enjoyed collecting tea sets. It also 8 (encourage) her to learn more about Chinese culture. Although many people like Zhong Wei and Linlin are not in their hometowns, they are always paying attention to the rapid development there. Linlin regards her hometown as the place that holds all her childhood memories. And according 9 Zhong Wei, one thing will certainly never change. “Our hometown has 10 (give) us so many sweet memories,” he says. 2 / 20 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Then and now 课时2 Reading：时代变迁主题阅读（分层作业） 一、核心词汇 1.名词类：tourism（旅游业）、income（收入）、poverty（贫困）、donation（捐款）、colony（定居点）、rocket（火箭）、financial crisis（经济危机）、memory（回忆）、suburb（郊区） 2.动词类：develop（发展）、increase（增加）、reduce（减少）、lift（使摆脱）、colonize（殖民）、demolish（拆除）、pollute（污染）、plant（种植）、gather（聚集） 3.形容词类：rapid（快速的）、comfortable（舒适的）、poor（贫穷的）、empty（空的）、crowded（拥挤的）、peaceful（平和的）、safe（安全的）、bankrupt（破产的） 4.副词类：extremely（极其）、quietly（安静地）、freely（自由地）、widely（广泛地）、greatly（极大地） 二、核心短语 1.固定搭配： •depend on（依靠） •thanks to（多亏） •care for（照顾） •in case（以防） •according to（根据） •plan to do sth.（计划做某事） •used to do sth.（过去常常做某事） •be responsible for（对…… 负责） •play a role in（在…… 中起作用） •take on a new look（呈现新面貌） 2.场景短语： •rural area（农村地区） •space station（太空站） •human society（人类社会） •medical clinic（医疗诊所） •online shop（网店） •local food（当地食物） •high-speed train（高铁） •living condition（生活条件） 一、阅读理解 A Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them. The people there have become rich with the development of tourism. You Mingfen, a local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house. Her family also has a fishing boat. Her husband (丈夫) can use it to get the fresh fish. They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors. “The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October. It can bring us more than 50,000 yuan a year,” she said. “In winter, we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the leisure time. It was impossible before. At that time, we almost depended on fishing for a living.” Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. More and more visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan a year. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable. Thanks to the good policies of the government, villagers get more ways to make money. Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown. They can not only care for their families but also help build their hometown. 1．The development of ________ makes people in Bacha become rich. A．education B．farming C．fishing D．tourism 2．Which of the following about You Mingfen is TRUE? A．She comes from a city. B．She has a two-floor house. C．She has to fish in winter. D．The gifts made by her are expensive. 3．How long does the busiest tourism season in Bacha last? A．Three months. B．Six months. C．Seven months. D．Ten months. 4．The underlined word “income” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese. A．收入 B．支出 C．价格 D．税收 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fishing for a Living B．“Beautiful Villages” Project C．Great Changes in Bacha Village D．The Tourism Industry in China 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了黑龙江八岔村通过发展乡村旅游业而致富的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The people there have become rich with the development of tourism.”可知，旅游业的发展使八岔村的人们变得富有。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“You Mingfen, a local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house.”可知，她有一栋两层楼的房子。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段的“The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October.”可知，八岔村最繁忙的旅游季节持续六个月。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。 根据划线词所在句“More and more visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan a year.”可知，游客越来越多，那么人均收入也会增加，因此划线词意为“收入”。故选A。 5．标题归纳题。通过阅读全文可知，文章主要讲的是旅游业的发展对八岔村带来的巨大变化。故选C。 B Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to live on, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor: the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon. 1．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To give reasons for and against space colonization. B．To tell about what life would be like on the moon. C．To compare the environments of Mars and the moon. D．To let us know what the company SpaceX does. 2．Why are some countries planning to build lunar space stations? A．To learn more about the moon’s situation. B．To reduce the number of people living on Earth. C．To prepare humans to live on other planets. D．To show their technological strength. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．There are a few reasons not to send humans to space. B．A mission to Mars should be designed on a large scale. C．Many countries are planning missions to the moon. D．There are a number of reasons to travel to Mars. 4．What does “First stop: the moon” mean in the last paragraph? A．Everybody wants to visit the moon first. B．All spaceships to other planets have to stop at the moon first. C．The first place humans visit in space is the moon. D．The first human colony in space will likely be on the moon. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude toward sending people into space? A．The writer has a positive attitude. B．The writer has a negative attitude. C．The writer doesn’t mind it. D．We don’t know. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要探讨了人类是否应该进行太空殖民，并列举了支持和反对的观点。 1．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文既提到了支持太空殖民的观点，也提到了反对的理由。因此，文章的主要目的是给出支持和反对太空殖民的理由。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.”可知，建立月球空间站的目的是为人类在其他星球上生活做准备。故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据第五段“Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive...People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems...On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous.”可知，第五段主要列举了反对人类进入太空的几个理由，如高昂费用、长时间太空旅行带来的健康问题以及恶劣的太空环境。因此，该段的主旨是“存在一些反对人类进入太空的理由”。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon.”可知，未来，我们或许会看到月球城市，甚至其他星球上诞生全新的人类文明。第一站将会是月球。由此可知，“First stop: the moon”意味着人类在太空殖民的第一站很可能是月球。故选D。 5．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain.”可知，作者认为尽管存在一些担忧，但人类进入太空似乎是必然的，由此推知，作者对太空殖民持积极态度。故选A。 C Poverty (贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary (普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them. Miss Zhang, 66, has been helping girls pursue (追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school (辍学) after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations (捐款) to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges. Mr. Mao, 64, works as the Party secretary of his village. But there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. So he led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. ________. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income (人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s. Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties and 128,000 villages where these people live are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible (负责的) for reducing 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s. 1．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It made Mao feel unhappy B．Mao failed to build the road C．It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road D．Mao hated this village very much 2．What do you know about Mr. Mao according to the text? A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged young people to return to the village C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road in a short time. 3．What’s the right structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph? A．To praise (表扬) the spirits of model workers. B．To show great achievements against poverty. C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty. D．To describe the experiences of fighting against poverty. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Miss Zhang started a free school when she was 30. B．The per capita income in Mao’s village was more than ￥500 in the 1990s. C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past. D．Miss Zhang has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在扶贫方面取得的成就以及普通人张女士和毛先生在扶贫中的贡献。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“So he led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands.”可知，这里应是继续介绍他们修路的情况，C选项“他们花了七年时间修了一条八公里长的公路。”符合语境，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“So he led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands.”以及“Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges....By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty.”可知，毛先生做了两件事帮助村民：带领村民修路，之后又鼓励大家种橙子，帮助村民脱贫，C选项正确。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。第一段总述中国在扶贫方面做得好以及普通人在扶贫中起重要作用，第二段和第三段分别介绍张女士和毛先生的扶贫事迹，第四段总结中国的扶贫成就，结构为总分总，C选项正确。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“China has been responsible (负责的) for reducing 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s.”可知，最后一段使用数字“98.99 million”、“832”和“128,000”等，意在凸显在脱贫方面取得的巨大成就。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Miss Zhang, 66, has been helping girls pursue (追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17.”可知，张女士17岁开始帮助女孩接受教育，66-17 = 49，到现在她已经做了40多年了。故选D。 D The small river behind my grandmother’s house was my childhood paradise. Every day after school, my friends and I would play by its clear water. We loved watching small fish swim near the shore and listening to birds sing in the trees. The river smelled like wet earth and green grass—a smell I can still remember when I close my eyes. One special memory shines brightest. On my tenth birthday, Grandpa taught me to fish using just a bamboo pole and some bread. The sun was warm on our backs as we waited quietly. When I caught my first fish, Grandpa smiled and said, “Good job!” That night, we let the fish go back into the water. Now my hometown has changed greatly. The small and old road is gone. There are completely wide and new roads. Standing by the roads are many tall buildings. It is quite different from the hometown in the past. I feel a little upset, but when I recall (回忆起) my childhood days, I still feel happy and warm. I always think of what my grandpa taught me: Life keeps changing like this river, but happy memories stay with us forever. When I feel sad or worried, I think of those sunny afternoons by the water. The river reminds me to be thankful for the past but keep looking forward to the future. 1．What does “paradise” mean in the first paragraph? A．A very happy place B．A dangerous place C．A school building D．A kind of fish 2．What did the writer and Grandpa do with the fish they caught? A．Cooked it for dinner B．Put it in a fish tank (箱子) C．Let it go back in the river D．Gave it to neighbors 3．How does the writer probably feel about the changes in hometown? A．Angry about all the changes B．Happy with the new buildings C．Upset but accepts (接受) the changes D．Doesn’t care about changes 4．What did the writer learn from his grandpa? A．Forget the past. B．Life is always the same. C．Be thankful for the past.     D．Life is like the new buildings in his hometown. 5．What is the main idea of this story? A．Fishing is an important skill to learn B．Childhood memories can stay with us forever C．Cities should not build near rivers D．Grandparents are wiser than parents 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了童年时在奶奶家屋后小河边的快乐时光与特别记忆，讲述了家乡如今的巨大变化。 1．词句猜测题。根据“The small river behind my grandmother’s house was my childhood paradise. Every day after school, my friends and I would play by its clear water. We loved watching small fish swim near the shore and listening to birds sing in the trees.”可知，作者放学后会和朋友在河边玩耍，喜欢看小鱼、听鸟鸣，河边是能带来快乐的地方。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When I caught my first fish, Grandpa smiled and said, “Good job!” That night, we let the fish go back into the water.”可知，作者和爷爷把钓到的鱼放回了水里。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Now my hometown has changed greatly... I feel a little upset, but when I recall (回忆起) my childhood days, I still feel happy and warm.”以及“The river reminds me to be thankful for the past but keep looking forward to the future.”可知，作者对家乡的变化感到有点失落，但也能接受变化并向前看。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“I always think of what my grandpa taught me: Life keeps changing like this river, but happy memories stay with us forever.”以及“The river reminds me to be thankful for the past but keep looking forward to the future.”可知，作者从爷爷那里领悟到要感恩过去。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“I always think of what my grandpa taught me: Life keeps changing like this river, but happy memories stay with us forever. When I feel sad or worried, I think of those sunny afternoons by the water.”可知，文章主要围绕作者童年在河边的快乐回忆展开，强调童年回忆会永远陪伴着自己。故选B。 二、完形填空 A Coconut Island is a beautiful island with coconut palms (椰子树), golden beaches and clear blue sea. I’m sorry, I made a 1 . Coconut Island was a beautiful island. There are still coconut palms, golden beaches and clear blue sea but not like before. So, what happened? Well, I have a friend who was there five years ago. Her photo album is full of wonderful pictures of empty beaches and small wooden bungalows (小屋) on the beach. She said you didn’t need to book, just 2 and you would find somewhere cheap, quiet and peaceful to live. The beach now is 3 empty—it’s crowded all day! There is music from the cafes. Children are shouting and screaming, and the hotels are very expensive. But perhaps this is 4 ? Not only are the roads better but there is also a new medical clinic. The local kids now speak English and there are many new businesses opening all the time. Once I saw an old woman trying to cross the road from her house to the shops, it’s no longer a small, quiet road but a large and very busy one. She looked 5 and waited for someone to walk with her. The children no longer ride bicycles but race around the island on motorbikes. It’s not so 6 either—my friend stayed in a bungalow on the beach that had no lock. Now the hotel manager says it’s a good idea to put things in the safe box. Are things getting better or worse? 1．A．decision B．noise C．living D．mistake 2．A．showed up B．looked up C．woke up D．took up 3．A．even B．never C．ever D．also 4．A．danger B．history C．progress D．travel 5．A．hopeless B．brave C．excited D．nervous 6．A．comfortable B．awful C．safe D．boring 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文描述了椰子岛的变化，从过去的宁静美丽到现在的繁华喧嚣，探讨了这种变化是好是坏。 1．句意：抱歉，我犯了一个错误。 decision决定；noise噪音；living生计；mistake错误。根据“Coconut Island is a beautiful island with coconut palms”和“I’m sorry”和“Coconut Island was a beautiful island”可知，作者之前的描述有误。故选D。 2．句意：她说你不需要预订，只需出现就能找到便宜、安静、平和的住处。 showed up出现；looked up查找；woke up醒来；took up占据。根据“you didn’t need to book”和“find somewhere cheap, quiet and peaceful”可知，只需到场就能找到地方住。故选A。 3．句意：现在的海滩再也不空了——整天都很拥挤！ even甚至；never从不；ever曾经；also也。根据“it’s crowded all day”可知，海滩不再空旷。故选B。 4．句意：但这或许是进步？ danger危险；history历史；progress进步；travel旅行。根据“Not only are the roads better but there is also a new medical clinic”可知，基础设施改善，是一种进步。故选C。 5．句意：她看起来很紧张，等待有人陪她一起走。 hopeless绝望的；brave勇敢的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的。根据“it’s no longer a small, quiet road but a large and very busy one.”和“and waited for someone to walk with her”可知，马路上车流很多，老人过马路时感到紧张不安。故选D。 6．句意：现在也不再那么安全了——我的朋友曾经住在海滩上的一个没有锁的小屋里。 comfortable舒适的；awful糟糕的；safe安全的；boring无聊的。根据“Now the hotel manager says it’s a good idea to put things in the safe box”可知，安全性下降，需要将东西好好保管起来。故选C。 B My father told me that there used to be a forest near our town. But the farmer who owned the forest 1 trees every year until one year, there were no trees left. One day, our teacher took us out and we had a 2 in the field where the forest used to be. While eating and drinking, we talked about the beautiful forest we once had. One of my classmates comes from a tribe (部落) that lived in the west of our country. He told us what he thought about the change. “It makes me really 3 to learn that a forest has disappeared. My people have taught me to always think seven generations in the future. That’s to say, when we do something to the land, we should 4 hurt it. We must care about nature and leave it good enough for later generations.” When we heard what he said, we kept 5 first. “Let’s plant some trees!” said our teacher after a moment. “It will be a good start!” So that’s what we did. For the rest of the spring, we worked hard and we planted thousands of trees. That was five years ago. Today, when I stand in that field which was once empty, I see trees as tall as I am. It’s great to see how we’ve 6 the field. It taught us the power of thinking about the future. 1．A．cut up B．cut down C．looked for D．looked after 2．A．picnic B．test C．wish D．lesson 3．A．tired B．excited C．sad D．hopeful 4．A．sometimes B．always C．hardly D．never 5．A．thankful B．happy C．silent D．shy 6．A．broken B．bought C．wasted D．changed 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一片森林因农民砍伐而消失，学生们通过野餐活动反思环境问题，最终通过植树行动改变荒地的故事。 1．句意：但是，拥有这片森林的农民每年都会砍伐树木，直到一年，再也没有树了。 cut up切碎；cut down砍倒；looked for寻找；looked after照顾。根据“until one year, there were no trees left”可知，此处指农民砍伐树木。故选B。 2．句意：有一天，我们的老师带我们出去，在森林曾经所在的田野里进行了一次野餐。 picnic野餐；test测试；wish愿望；lesson课程。根据后文“While eating and drinking”可知，他们在这里进行野餐，have a picnic表示“去野餐”。故选A。 3．句意：得知一片森林消失了，这让我真的很伤心。 tired疲惫的；excited兴奋的；sad伤心的；hopeful有希望的。根据“It makes me really...to learn that a forest has disappeared.”可知，得知森林消失，他感到悲伤。故选C。 4．句意：也就是说，当我们对土地做些什么的时候，我们永远不应该伤害它。 sometimes有时；always总是；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据“always think seven generations in the future”和“We must care about nature and leave it good enough for later generations.”可知，我们要为后代考虑，不能伤害土地。故选D。 5．句意：当我们听到他说的话时，一开始我们都保持沉默。 thankful感激的；happy开心的；silent沉默的；shy害羞的。根据“said our teacher after a moment”及结合前文同学关于保护自然为后代考虑的话可知，大家一开始是沉默思考的，过了一会儿老师才接着发言。故选C。 6．句意：很高兴看到我们是如何改变了这片田野。 broken打破；bought买；wasted浪费；changed改变。根据“Today, when I stand in that field which was once empty, I see trees as tall as I am.”及结合前文可知，之前的荒地现在变成了树林，我们改变了这片土地。故选D。 C The American city of Detroit (底特律) was like Paris, some people said. It had a big river, beautiful wide streets and important buildings. Then, in the 20th century, it was called “Motor City” because of the 1 of car factories there. Workers in the car factories had good jobs and they earned good money. It wasn’t unusual to own a home, a boat and even a holiday home. In the 1950s, new highways were built and lots of people 2 from the city centre to the suburbs. Life was good. But at the beginning of the 21st century, Detroit became America’s poorest big city. In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit. Houses and buildings were 3 . Poverty and crime increased. Plants and trees grew in the houses. What happened in Detroit? The city’s population fell for several reasons. First, people moved to the suburbs in the 1950s. And in 1967, there were terrible riots (暴乱). A lot of people were afraid of coming to the city. Also, the big car companies 4 General Motors and Chrysler had huge problems. And in 2008, the world financial crisis (经济危机) had a big effect on many cities, especially Detroit. Now, a lot of people in Detroit are poor. Half of the city’s families have less than 25,000 dollars a year. In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产). It was the 5 bankrupt city in American history. But then 6 began to change. It was a new beginning for the city. It had some money to improve small things like lights in the streets and so people felt safe. The police came quickly when there were problems. Old, empty buildings were demolished (拆除). There is now space for new buildings. And there are new businesses too. The city gave 10,000 dollars to 30 new small businesses. Now there are grocery stores, juice bars, coffee shops and even bicycle makers. Finally, the city is working again. 1．A．research B．improvement C．number D．advantage 2．A．moved B．removed C．supported D．sent 3．A．rural B．continuous C．fantastic D．empty 4．A．for example B．are like C．as for D．such as 5．A．biggest B．smallest C．highest D．best 6．A．everyone B．something C．anything D．nothing 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了底特律这座城市从繁荣到衰败再到逐渐复兴的过程。20世纪时，底特律因汽车工厂众多被称为“汽车城”，然而进入21世纪后，底特律却成了美国最贫穷的大城市，在2013年甚至破产，但随后情况开始好转，城市逐渐恢复生机。 1．句意：然后，在20世纪，由于那里汽车工厂的数量众多，它被称为“汽车城”。 research研究；improvement改进；number数量；advantage优势。根据“it was called ‘Motor City’”可知，底特律被称为“汽车城”是因为那里汽车工厂数量多，“the number of...”表示“……的数量”。故选C。 2．句意：20世纪50年代，新的高速公路建成，许多人从市中心搬到了郊区。 moved移动，搬迁；removed移除；supported支持；sent发送。根据“from the city centre to the suburbs”可知，人们是从市中心搬到郊区，“move from...to...”表示“从……搬到……”。故选A。 3．句意：房屋和建筑物都空无一人。 rural乡村的；continuous连续的；fantastic极好的；empty空的。根据“In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit.”可知，超过一半的人离开了底特律，所以房屋和建筑物应该是空的。故选D。 4．句意：而且，像通用汽车和克莱斯勒这样的大型汽车公司也遇到了巨大的问题。 for example例如，一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末；are like像……一样；as for至于；such as例如，用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。根据“General Motors and Chrysler”可知，此处是在举例说明大型汽车公司，“General Motors and Chrysler”是多个例子，且空格后没有逗号，所以用such as。故选D。 5．句意：它是美国历史上规模最大的破产城市。 biggest最大的；smallest最小的；highest最高的；best最好的。根据“In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产).”以及前文描述底特律的衰败可知，此处是说底特律是美国历史上规模最大的破产城市，形容城市规模大用big，其最高级是biggest。故选A。 6．句意：但后来事情开始发生变化。 everyone每个人；something某事，某物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。根据“It was a new beginning for the city. ”以及后文描述底特律逐渐改善的情况可知，此处是说事情开始发生变化，“something began to change”表示“事情开始发生变化”。故选B。 三、语法选择 A My hometown is a small town in the northwest of China. It was poor and dirty ten years ago, 1 it has changed a lot over these years. In 2 past, there were only several low buildings in the town. The roads were narrow and dirty. People usually went to work on foot or by bike. They didn’t realize 3 something wrong. But later several factories 4 the environment. The rivers were very dirty and let out terrible smell. But now, the town has taken on a new look. You can see many skyscrapers (摩天大楼). The roads are wide and clean 5 beautiful flowers and green grass on both sides. There are a lot of cars and taxis on 6 . Besides, a subway has been built to connect the town with the center of our city. It is much 7 for people to travel. The government has closed the factories so the rivers are clearer. Fish swim there freely again. The sky is bluer, too. People also have more ways to have fun, such as going to the new parks or shopping centers. What’s more, a large square 8 three years ago. People often gather there to dance and hold different kinds of activities. There 9 also new libraries to encourage people to read. I am so excited 10 these changes. I love my hometown more deeply now and am full of hope for its brighter future. 1．A．and B．but C．or D．so 2．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 3．A．how was there B．how there was C．that was there D．that there was 4．A．polluted B．pollute C．will pollute D．are polluting 5．A．from B．of C．with D．at 6．A．them B．they C．their D．themselves 7．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 8．A．build B．built C．was built D．is built 9．A．was B．is C．were D．are 10．A．see B．to see C．take D．to take 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国西北的一座小镇十年间的变化，过去贫穷脏乱、工厂污染环境，如今道路、建筑焕然一新，交通便利，环境改善，还新增诸多休闲场所，作者为此感到兴奋并对家乡未来充满希望。 1．句意：十年前我的家乡贫穷又脏乱，但是这些年它发生了很大的变化。 and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“My hometown was poor and dirty ten years ago”以及“it has changed a lot over these years”可知，前后句是转折关系，故选B。 2．句意：在过去，镇上只有几座低矮的建筑。 the定冠词，表特指；a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。短语in the past“在过去”，故选A。 3．句意：他们没有意识到有什么问题。 how was there那里如何是，疑问语序；how there was那里有如何，陈述语序；that was there那是那里的，疑问语序；that there was那里有，陈述语序。realize后接宾语从句，需用陈述语序，且“there was”表示存在，用that引导。故选D。 4．句意：但是后来几家工厂污染了环境。 polluted污染，过去式；pollute动词原形；will pollute一般将来时；are polluting现在进行时。根据“People usually went to work on foot or by bike.”可知，时态是过去时，这里描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故选A。 5．句意：道路宽阔干净，两边有美丽的花朵和绿色的草地。 from来自；of……的；with带有；at在。这里表示道路“带有”美丽的花朵和绿色的草地，用介词with，故选C。 6．句意：路上有很多汽车和出租车。 them他们，人称代词宾格；they他们，人称代词主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。“on”是介词，后面接人称代词的宾格，这里指代前面的“cars and taxis”，用them，故选A。 7．句意：人们旅行更容易了。 easy容易的，形容词原级；easier更容易的，形容词比较级；easiest最容易的，形容词最高级；easily容易地，副词。根据“It is much...for people to travel”可知，这里暗含和过去的比较，用比较级，故选B。 8．句意：而且，一个大广场是三年前建成的。 build建造，动词原形；built建造，过去式或过去分词；was built一般过去时的被动语态；is built一般现在时的被动语态。根据“three years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语“a large square”和动词“build”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数，用was，故选C。 9．句意：也有新的图书馆来鼓励人们阅读。 was是，be动词单数过去式；is是，be动词单数一般现在时；were是，be动词复数过去式；are是，be动词复数一般现在时。根据“People also have more ways to have fun”可知，时态是现在时，这里描述现在的情况，主语“new libraries”是复数，用are，故选D。 10．句意：看到这些变化我非常兴奋。 see看到；to see不定式；take带走；to take不定式。短语be excited to do sth.“做某事很兴奋”，这里表示“看到这些变化很兴奋”，用to see，故选B。 B 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and there wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite 5 . In China, technology has played an important role 6 daily life. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes are widely used by people. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every 8 has a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care 9 be gotten easily with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1．A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2．A．They were B．There were C．It was 3．A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．surprising B．more surprising C．the most surprising 6．A．on B．in C．of 7．A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8．A．family B．family’s C．families 9．A．must B．should C．can 10．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国乡村在时代发展中的巨大变迁，通过对比过去与现在的生活场景，展现了科技进步对家乡的影响，表达了对时代变迁的赞叹与对未来的憧憬。 1． 句意：我和祖父母在中国的一个村庄长大。    grow成长，一般现在时；will grow将会成长，一般将来时；grew成长，一般过去时。根据“back then”可知描述过去的经历，用一般过去时，故选C。 2．句意：大多数家庭里没有智能手机、电脑，甚至电视机。    They were它们是；There were有。复数；It was它是。此处为there be句型表示“存在”，主语“smart phones, computers, or even television sets”为复数，用there were，故选B。 3．句意：获取新闻的唯一方式是通过村口的收音机。   receiving收到，动名词；to receive收到，不定式；received收到，过去式/过去分词。“the way to do sth.”为固定短语，表示“做某事的方式”，用不定式，故选B。 4．句意：当他们晚上看电视时，全村人都会围过来。    they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“ When ... watched it at night,”可知，此处作从句主语，用主格they，故选A。 5．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，变化非常惊人。    surprising令人惊讶的，原级；more surprising更惊讶的，比较级；the most surprising最惊讶的，最高级。根据“ the changes are quite...”可知，此处无比较或最高级语境，用原级描述变化的特征，故选A。 6．句意：在中国，科技在日常生活中扮演了重要角色。    on在……上；in在……中；of……的。“play a role in...”为固定短语，表示“在……中起作用”，故选B。 7．句意：我们的生活质量得到了极大改善。    great伟大的，形容词；greatly极大地，副词；greatness伟大，名词。修饰动词“improved”用副词，故选B。 8．句意：几乎每个家庭都有电视机。    family家庭，单数；family’s家庭的，单数所有格；families家庭，复数。“every”后接单数名词，指“每个家庭”，故选A。 9．句意：借助汽车或出租车，人们可以轻松获得医疗服务。    must必须；should应该；can能够。根据“ Medical care ... be gotten easily with the use of cars or taxis.”可知，此处表示“能够、可以”通过交通工具获得医疗服务，用can表能力，故选C。 10．句意：我们在过去30年中看到的进步令人难以置信。    a/an，不定冠词；the定冠词。“in the last 30 years”为固定短语，特指“过去的30年”，用定冠词the，故选C。 四、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不超过三个单词） Twenty years ago, many young people left their hometown to work in the city. But now more and more hometowns are 1 (change) for the better. Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old father, 2 (work) in Wenzhou for almost 13 years. Recently, he returned to his village. “I’ve always wanted to move back. My hometown has changed so much since I 3 (leave),” he said. The government has built many modern roads and bridges. The old school opened in the mid-20th century 4 (have) very small classrooms. Now, there is 5 modern school with a big library. City teachers also come 6 (help) the students. Zhong Wei plans 7 (open) an online shop to sell local food. He believes these changes are important, 8 one thing remains unchanged: the big old tree near the school. He used to play under it 9 his friends. “It holds our happiest 10 (memory),” he said. 【答案】 1．changing 2．has worked 3．left 4．had 5．a 6．to help 7．to open 8．but 9．with 10．memories 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了钟伟回到家乡后发现家乡的巨大变化，以及他对家乡发展的感受和计划。 1．句意：但现在越来越多的家乡正在变得更好。根据are可知，时态为现在进行时，结构为be doing，change的现在分词为changing。故填changing。 2．句意：钟伟，一位46岁的父亲，在温州工作了将近13年。根据“for almost 13 years”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语Zhong Wei为单数，助动词用has，work的过去分词为worked。故填has worked。 3．句意：自从我离开后，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。离开的动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，leave的过去式为left。故填left。 4．句意：这所20世纪中期开办的老学校教室很小。根据“opened in the mid-20th century”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填had。 5．句意：现在，有一所现代化的学校，里面有一个大图书馆。空处修饰可数名词单数形式school，且modern为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰，泛指一所学校。故填a。 6．句意：城市教师也来帮助学生。根据“come...(help) the students”可知，是来帮助学生，表示目的，用不定式形式。故填to help。 7．句意：钟伟计划开设一家网店，销售当地食品。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，空处用不定式形式。故填to open。 8．句意：他认为这些变化很重要，但有一件事没有改变：学校附近的那棵大老树。根据“these changes are important,...one thing remains unchanged”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 9．句意：他过去常常和朋友们在它下面玩。根据“his friends”可知，是和朋友们一起玩，用介词with。故填with。 10．句意：“它承载着我们最快乐的回忆，”他说。memory“回忆”，可数名词，our修饰用复数形式。故填memories。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Nowadays, 1 (million) of Chinese people leave their towns or villages to search for work in cities. The reason is that there 2 (be) more jobs to choose from and better living conditions in cities. They want to earn more money and give their family a better life. Zhong Wei is among 3 (they). He has lived in Wenzhou since 13 years ago. With a busy job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t have time 4 (return) to his village often. He said it was 5 shame that he had to leave his hometown. Besides Zhong Wei, Linlin also lives far away from her hometown with her parents who work in the city. She regards her hometown as a relaxing and perfect place. She considers it a place where she can forget all her worries. Last week, her parents took her to the China National Tea Museum. They watched the performances which showed 6 to make a perfect cup of tea. She thought that watching the tea preparation was just as 7 (enjoyable) as drinking the tea itself. It reminded Linlin of her grandfather who enjoyed collecting tea sets. It also 8 (encourage) her to learn more about Chinese culture. Although many people like Zhong Wei and Linlin are not in their hometowns, they are always paying attention to the rapid development there. Linlin regards her hometown as the place that holds all her childhood memories. And according 9 Zhong Wei, one thing will certainly never change. “Our hometown has 10 (give) us so many sweet memories,” he says. 【答案】 1．millions 2．are 3．them 4．to return 5．a 6．how 7．enjoyable 8．encouraged 9．to 10．given 【导语】本文讲述了如今数百万中国人离开家乡去城市工作，虽远离故土，但他们关注家乡发展、珍视家乡回忆。 1．句意：如今，数百万中国人离开他们的城镇或村庄去城市找工作。根据“...of Chinese people...”可知，此处表示不确定的概数，“million”前无具体数字且后接“of”时，需用复数形式“millions”，“millions of”意为“数百万的”，符合语境。故填millions。 2．句意：原因是城市里有更多可供选择的工作和更好的生活条件。根据“The reason is that there...more jobs...”可知，句子主语为可数名词复数形式，且时态为一般现在时，因此be动词应用“are”，符合语境。故填are。 3．句意：钟伟就是他们中的一员。根据“among”可知，其为介词，介词后应接人称代词的宾格形式，“they”的宾格是“them”，符合语境。故填them。 4．句意：他在一家蜡笔厂工作很忙，没有时间经常回村子。根据“has time”可知，此处表示“有时间做某事”，应用“have time to do sth”，因此需填“return”的不定式形式“to return”，符合语境。故填to return。 5．句意：他说不得不离开家乡是一件遗憾的事。根据“shame”可知，此处“shame”为可数名词，意为“令人遗憾的事”，且其发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”修饰，“it was a shame that...”意为“……是一件遗憾的事”，符合语境。故填a。 6．句意：他们观看了展示如何泡出一杯完美的茶的表演。根据“They watched the performances which showed...to make a perfect cup of tea.”可知，此处表示“如何做某事”，应用“how to do sth.”的结构，因此需填“how”，符合语境。故填how。 7．句意：她认为观看泡茶的过程和喝茶本身一样令人愉快。根据“as...as”可知，此处为“as+形容词原级+as”的结构，“enjoyable”本身就是形容词原级，意为“令人愉快的”，符合语境。故填enjoyable。 8．句意：这也鼓励她更多地了解中国文化。根据前文“It reminded Linlin...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“encourage”的过去式为“encouraged”，符合语境。故填encouraged。 9．句意：并且根据钟伟的说法，有一件事肯定永远不会改变。根据“And according...Zhong Wei, one thing will certainly never change.”可知，此处为短语“according to”，意为“根据……”，因此需填“to”，符合语境。故填to。 10．句意：“我们的家乡给了我们如此多甜蜜的回忆，”他说。根据“Our hometown has...us so many sweet memories.”可知，此处为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，“give”的过去分词为“given”，符合语境。故填given。 2 / 20 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $