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专题02 Unit 1-4常考知识点和易错辨析归纳
常考知识点
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考点1 breath 的用法
知识归纳
breath n.呼吸的空气;一口气
1.易混辨析:breathe(动词 /briːð/,呼吸)→ 巧记:“名词无声,动词有/ð/”
单词
词性
含义
例句
breathe
v.
呼吸
Breathe in slowly and out deeply.
breathless
adj.
喘不过气的
She was breathless after running.
breathlessly
adv.
气喘吁吁地
He spoke breathlessly.
2. 必背搭配:
take a (deep) breath (深深)吸一口气 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气 in one breath 一口气
take sb’s breath 令人惊叹;让人叹绝
(1)After climbing the hill, we were all ______ and needed to rest.
A. out of breath B. in one breath C. hold our breath D. take a breath
(2)填空:Please ______ (breath) calmly when you take the exam.
【答案】(1)A (2)breathe
考点2 comfortable 的用法
知识归纳
comfortable adj.舒适的;自在的 ./ˈkʌmftəbl/(结尾“-able”发/əbl/)
1. 必背搭配:comfortable chair/bed 舒适的椅子/床 feel comfortable 感觉舒服;
be comfortable with sb. 与某人相处自在
2. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
comfortably
adv.
舒适地
He sat comfortably on the chair.
uncomfortable
adj.(反义词)
不舒适的
The small shoes are uncomfortable.
comfort
n./v.
安慰;舒适
Music gives me comfort.
(1) The bed is ______, so I slept well.
A. comfortably B. comfortable C. comfort D. uncomfortable
(2)填空:My grandma lives ______ (comfortable) in the new house.
【答案】(1)B (2)comfortably
考点3 ready的用法
知识归纳
ready adj.准备好的;现成的;adv.已做完;已完成
含义
常用搭配
例句
准备好的
be/get ready for sth./to do sth.
为……做好准备
Are You ready for the competition?
你为这次竞赛做好准备了吗?
愿意的
be ready to do sth.
乐意做某事
She is always ready to help others.
她总是乐于助人。
【拓展】
表示“为……做准备”还可以用 be ready for,它与 prepare for 的区别如下:
短语
用法
例句
be ready for
强调状态,表示已经准备好。
I’m ready for the maths test.
我为这次数学测试做好了准备。
prepare for
强调动作,常用于进行时,表示正在准备。
I’m preparing for the maths test.
我正在为这次数学测试做准备。
(1)Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A.join B.joining C.to join D.to joining
(2)— Can you come to my party this evening?— Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare ________ my exams.
A.of B.for C.about
(3)We’re leaving at eight o’clock, so you’ve got half an hour to get (准备好).
(4)到目前为止,我们班的同学已经为考试做好了准备。
So far, the students in our class have been the exam.
【答案】
(1)C,句意:科学是我最喜欢的科目,所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。
考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”,固定短语,所以空处用动词不定式,故选C。
(2)B,句意:——今晚你能来参加我的聚会吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须为我的考试做准备。
考查介词辨析。of ……的;for为了;about关于。prepare for“为……做准备”,固定用法。故选B。
(3)ready (4)ready for
考点4 against的用法
知识归纳
against prep.反对;与...相反;紧靠
(1)—In China, driving after drinking ________.—You are right. That’s ________ the law.
A.is not allowed; against B.was not allowed; with
C.are not allowed; for D.were not allowed; along
(2)—It’s raining heavily outside. May I push my bicycle into your house?
—Sure. But please put it ________ the wall so that it won’t take up too much space.
A.in B.against C.over
【答案】
(1)A,句意:——在中国,酒后驾车是不允许的。——你是对的。那是违法的。考查一般现在时的被动语态和介词辨析。第一处陈述客观事实,酒后驾驶是不被允许的,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语driving after drinking是一件事,谓语动词用单数is。against违反,with和;for为了;along沿着。against the law“违反法律”。故选A。
(2)B,句意:——外面雨下得很大。我可以把自行车推进你家吗?——当然可以。但是请把它靠墙放,这样不会占太多空间。考查介词辨析。in在……里面;against紧靠;over在……之上。根据“so that it won’t take up too much space”可知,应是靠墙放。故选B。
考点5 remind的用法
知识归纳
remind v.提醒;使想起
【例句】
Remind me to phone Amy before I go out. 提醒我在出去之前给埃米打电话。
Be sure to remind her of the meeting she has to attend. 务必提醒她要参加那次会议。
The smell reminds me of France. 这股气味使我想起了法国。
He reminded me that I would answer the letter as early as possible.他提醒我尽早回信。
(1)The old soldier Hu Zhengxian likes green because it reminds him __________ his life in the army.
A.of B.off C.about D.for
(2)Jack’s mother always reminds him ________ his report of the project on time.
A.finish B.finished C.to finish D.finishing
【答案】
(1)A,句意:老兵胡正贤喜欢绿色,因为它让他想起了在军队的生活。考查介词词义辨析。of……的;off从……离开;about关于;for为了。由句中“remind him ... his life in the army”知,此句是说让他想起了在军队的生活,remind sb. of sth.“让某人想起某事”,故选A。
(2)C,句意:杰克的妈妈总是提醒他按时完成项目报告。考查非谓语动词。remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”,故选C。
考点6 thousand的用法
知识归纳
thousand num.(数字)千;许许多多,数以千计;pron.成千上万
搭配
用法
例句
数字+thousand
thousand 与基数词连用时,用单数形式,表示具体数目。
There are two thousand students on the playground.
操场上有两千名学生。
thousands of
thousand 与 of 连用时,常用复数形式,表示概数,意为“数千;成千上万”。
Thousands of people are dancing in the park now.
现在数千人在公园里跳舞。
注: 与thousand 用法相同的还有 hundred,million 和 billion。
(1)There are nearly four (thousand) students in our grade.
(2)数千名音乐家将参加此次的音乐节。(汉译英)
musicians will take part in this music festival.
【答案】
(1)thousand
(2)Thousands of,根据汉语可知,此处缺少“数千名的……”;thousands of+可数名词复数形式“数千,好几千”,又因为thousands位于句首,首字母需要大写。故填Thousands of。
考点7 forget的用法
知识归纳
forget v. 忘记;遗忘
串联记忆:forgetful adj.健忘的;好忘事的 unforgettable adj.难以忘怀的;令人难忘的
【例句】
Mary often forgets to bring her pen.玛丽经常忘记带她的钢笔。
He forgot turning the light off when he left the classroom.当他离开教室的时候,他忘记已经关灯了。
【拓展】
有些动词后接动词不定式或动名词均可,但意义稍有差别。与forget用法类似的词如下:
(1)try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 try doing sth.尝试着做某事
(2)stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事
(3)go on to do sth.接着去做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事
(4)remember to do sth.记得要做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
(5)regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事(未做) regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做)
(1)— Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A.wear B.wears C.to wear D.wearing
(2)—Did you forget ________ off the light when you left the room just now?
—No, I remember ________ that, Mum.
A.to turn; to do B.turning; to do C.to turn; doing D.turning; doing
【答案】
(1)C (2)C
考点8 invite的用法
知识归纳
invite v.邀请
He invited my family yesterday. 昨天他邀请了我全家。
They've invited us to stay for the weekend. 他们已邀请我们留下来过周末。
Jim invited his friends to his house. 吉姆邀请了他的朋友们去他家。
【拓展】
invite 的名词形式为 invitation,意为“邀请;请柬”,常用作可数名词,常用搭配如下:
make/accept an invitation 发出/接受邀请 turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请
an invitation to sth.……的请柬
(1)—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week.
—That’s wonderful!
A.give B.to give C.giving D.gave
(2)—Why are you so excited? —Peter invited me ________ on a trip to Mount Huang.
A.to go B.go C.going D.went
【答案】
(1)B,句意:——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的!
考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。
(2)A,句意:——你为什么这么兴奋?——彼得邀请我去黄山旅行。
考查非谓语动词。invite sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为“邀请某人做某事”,因此选to go。故选A。
考点9 plan的用法
知识归纳
plan v.策划;打算.n.计划;方案
词性
用法
例句
动词
plan to do sth.计划、打算做某事
plan for (sth.) 为....做计划
I plan to travel this summer vacation.
我计划这个暑假去旅行。
He is planning for his winter vacation.
他正在为他的寒假做计划。
名词
make plans/a plan (to do sth./for sth.)
制定计划
It's often easier to make plans than to carry them out.
制订计划常比执行计划容易些。
(1)Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father.
A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.prepare
(2)What are your p (计划) for this weekend?
【答案】
(1)A,句意:今天是父亲节,我打算为父亲准备一顿晚餐。考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”,为固定短语,故选A。
(2)(p)lans
考点10 familiar的常见用法
familiar adj.熟悉的;通晓的
①be familiar with 人对事物熟悉 I am familiar with this book.
②be familiar to 事物对人熟悉 This book is familiar to me.
1. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
familiarity
n.
熟悉;通晓
Her familiarity with French is impressive.
unfamiliar
adj.(反义词)
不熟悉的
This school feels unfamiliar to me.
(1)This song is ______ to me—I heard it yesterday.
A. familiar B. similar C. unfamiliar D. famous
(2)We know the streets well.(同义句转换)
We are ______ ______ the streets.
【答案】
(1)A (2)familiar with
考点11 疑问代词/疑问副词+ever的用法
知识归纳
wherever=no matter where,意为“在任 何 ……的时候; 无论何时 ”, 在此句中引导让步状语从句。
Wherever she led,they followed. 她引向哪里,他们就跟在哪里。
【拓展】
疑问代词/疑问副词+ever=no matter+疑问代词/疑问副词,其意义为“不管/无论+该疑问词的本义”。 however,whenever,wherever 常用来引导让步状语从句;whatever,whoever,whomever 既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导宾语从句;“no matter+疑问代词/疑问副词”只能引导让步状语从句,且一般位于句首。
Whatever you do,do it well.=No matter what you do,do it well. 无论你做什么,都要把它做好。
Whoever you are,you must keep the law.=No matter who you are,you must keep the law.
不管你是谁,你都要遵纪守法。
(1)Whenever you come back to China, you'll be amazed at the great changes here. (改为同义句)
when you come back to China, you'll be amazed at the great changes here.
(2) (无论何时) the national anthem is played, we all feel proud of our country.
【答案】
(1)No matter (2)Whenever
考点12 compare 的用法
compare v.比较;对比
【例句】
He compared his camera with mine. 他拿自己的照相机跟我的作比较。
Books can be compared to friends. 书籍好比朋友。
【拓展】
compared with/to sth./sb.是一个过去分词短语,意为“和……相比;对比/比起……”,常位于句首或句末作状语。
Compared with many people,she is really lucky. 和许多人相比,她确实很幸运。
The road is very busy compared with/to ours. 和我们(附近)的马路相比,这条马路(交通)非常繁忙。
(1)—Let’s _________ these two leaves! Can you tell the differences?
—Their shapes look the same, but their sizes are a little different.
A.compare B.compete C.cancel D.control
(2)—What have you found by ________ study travel ________ other tourism products?
—Study travel focuses on learning during traveling.
A.connecting... to B.comparing... with C.treating... as
【答案】
(1)A,句意:——让我们比较一下这两片叶子!你能分辨出区别吗?——它们的形状看起来一样,但大小有点不同。考查动词辨析。compare比较;compete竞争;cancel取消;control控制。根据“Can you tell the differences?”可知经过比较才知道区别,故选A。
(2)B,句意:——通过比较学习旅行和其他旅游产品,你发现什么了?——学习旅行专注于在旅行中学习。考查动词短语辨析。connecting... to把……连接到;comparing... with把……和……比较;treating... as将……视为。根据“Study travel focuses on(专注) learning during traveling.”可知,是通过比较两者得出的结论,因此用短语compare... with。故选B。
考点13 appearance的用法
appearance n.外貌;外观 ;出现;露面
1.必背搭配:
physical appearance 外貌;judge by appearance 以貌取人
make an appearance 露面;the appearance of sth. 某物的出现
2.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
appear
v.
出现;显得
The sun appeared from behind clouds.
disappearance
n.
消失
The cat's disappearance worried her.
apparent
adj.
明显的
Her sadness was apparent.
(1)Don't judge a person by his ______; inner beauty matters more.
A. appear B. appearance C. apparent D. disappearance
(2)填空:The ______ (appear) of the new park livened the neighborhood.
【答案】
(1)B (2)appearance
考点14 honest的用法
honest /ˈɒnɪst/(英)/ˈɑːnɪst/(美) adj.诚实的;坦率的;真诚的(强调言行与内心一致,不欺骗)。
高频考点:因首字母“h”不发音,前面需用不定冠词 an(如 an honest boy),而非 a。
1.相关搭配:
an honest man/woman/student(一个诚实的人/学生,冠词用 an 是重点)
to be honest(说实话,插入语,常用于句首):To be honest, I don’t like this book.
Be honest with sb.(对某人诚实):You should be honest with your parents.
Be honest about sth.(对某事坦诚):She is honest about her failure.
2.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
honestly
adv.
诚实地;坦率地
He spoke honestly about his mistake.他坦诚地谈起自己的错误。
honesty
n.
诚实;正直
Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上策。(谚语)
dishonest
adj.
不诚实的
A dishonest person can’t be trusted.不诚实的人不可信。
(1)We should be ______ with our friends. Lying to them is wrong.
A. honest B. honesty C. honestly D. dishonest
(2)填空:To be ______ (honest), this is the most interesting film I’ve ever seen.
(3)句型转换:He is an honest boy.(改为感叹句)
→ ______ ______ honest boy he is!
【答案】
(1)A,解析:be 动词后接形容词,结合句意“对朋友诚实”,选 A;B 是名词,C 是副词,D 表否定,均不符。
(2)honest。解析:固定短语 to be honest,填形容词原形。
(3)What an。解析:感叹名词 boy 用 What,honest 首字母不发音,冠词用 an。)
考点15 popular的用法
popular adj.受欢迎的;流行的.比较级最高级为 more popular—most popular
1. 相关搭配
be popular with/among sb.(受某人欢迎)
popular music/clothes 流行音乐/服装
2. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
popularity
n.
受欢迎;流行
The singer's popularity grew fast.
unpopular
adj.
不受欢迎的
His rudeness made him unpopular.
(1)Volleyball is ______ among our students.
A. popular B. popularity C. unpopular D. popularly
(2)填空:The ______ (popular) of online shopping is rising.
【答案】
(1)A (2)popularity
考点17 believe的用法
believe v.相信;认为有可能
短语及句型
用法
believe sb.
=believe what one says
“相信某人”,常指某人说的话
believe sb./sth. (to be)+adj./n.
“相信/认为某人/认为某物是……”
believe+ that从句...
“相信/认为……”
believe in sb. =trust sb.
“信任(人格等)”,后接名词、代词或者动名词
It's believed that...
人们相信……
【例句】
She says she didn’t take the money.Do you believe her? 她说她没有拿那笔钱。你相信她(说的话)吗?
We believe in him.He is an honest boy. 我们信任他。他是一个诚实的男孩。
It is believed that the couple have left the country. 据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
【拓展】
(1)believe 后接宾语从句,意为“相信;认为有可能”。当主语为第一人称(I/we)时,宾语从句通常要“否定前移”,即把从句中的否定转移到主句中来。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
(2)在简略答语中,常用 I believe so.表示肯定回答;用 I don’t believe so.或 I believe not.表示否定回答。
—Does he still work there? 他还在那里工作吗?
—I believe so/not. 我想是/ 不是。
(3)believe it or not 意为“信不信由你”,常用于口语中。
Believe it or not, but he actually won! 信不信由你,但他确实赢了。
(4)believable adj. 可相信的,可信任的
unbelievable adj. 难以置信的,不真实的
(1)It's nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than ten years ago
A.What’s worse B.Believe it or not C.In other words D.That's to say
(2)Jenny is an honest girl. We all believe ________ her.
A.to B.in C.of D.on
(3)根据汉语提示完成句子。
①我们应该信任他。
We should him.
②人们相信好人有好报。
that kind ones will receive good things in return.
= that kind ones will receive good things in return.
【答案】
(1)B,句意:很高兴再次收到她的来信。信不信由你,我们最后一次见面是在十多年前。考查情景交际。What’s worse更糟糕的是;Believe it or not信不信由你;In other words换句话说;That’s to say也就是说;根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里是一个省略的让步状语从句,补全应该是Whether you believe it or not,+主句,表示“无论相信与否,十多年前的时候我们是最后一次见面”,所以应该用Believe it or not,在句中作插入语,故选B。
(2)B,句意:珍妮是一个诚实的女孩。我们都相信她。考查介词辨析。to向,朝着;in在……里面;of属于……的;on在……上面。根据“Jenny is an honest girl.”可知,珍妮很诚实,所以我们都相信她;believe in“相信,信任”。故选B。
(3)①believe in ②People believe/It is believed
考点18 without的用法
without 为介词,意为“没有;不(做某事)”,后接名词、代词(宾格)或动名词作宾语。其反义词为 with。
I couldn’t finish the task on time without your help. 没有你的帮助,我不能按时完成这项任务。
It wasn't very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
(1)Bees can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.
A.From B.Like C.Except D.Without
(2)She thought it impossible to talk about poems without Li Bai. (mention)
【答案】
(1)D,句意:蜜蜂能帮助植物生长。没有蜜蜂,我们将没有足够的食物。
考查介词辨析。From从;Like像;Except除了……之外;Without没有。根据“Bees can help plants grow.”可知,没有蜜蜂,植物生长慢,我们将会没有足够的食物。故选D。
(2)mentioning
考点19的用法
知识归纳
imagine v.想象;猜想
【例句】
I can’t imagine life without the computer. 我无法想象没有电脑的生活。
She imagined walking into the school again. 她想象着又一次走进校园。
You can imagine that you have just won a million pounds. 你可以想象一下你刚刚赢得了一百万英镑。
(1)Every student along with some teachers ________ excited to go to the nursing home, and they always imagine ________ the old there.
A.is; helping B.are; to help C.is; help
(2)Have you imagined (be) able to touch the person by making video calls?
【答案】
(1)A,句意:每个学生和一些老师都很兴奋去养老院,他们总是想象在那里帮助老人。
考查主谓一致及非谓语动词。根据“Every student along with some teachers”可知采用就远一致原则,“student”是单数,be动词用is;imagine doing sth.“想象做某事”,第二空用helping。故选A。
(2)being
考点20 disappoint的用法
disappoint v.使失望;使落空.
词根拆解:dis-(否定)+ appoint(约定)→ “未达约定”→ 失望
1.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
disappointing
形容词
令人失望的(修饰物)
The result is disappointing.
disappointed
形容词
感到失望的(修饰人)
She was disappointed with the exam.
disappointment
名词
失望;令人失望的人/事
His failure was a big disappointment.
2. 相关搭配
be disappointed with sth.(对某物失望)
be disappointed at doing sth.(对做某事失望)
to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是
(1)We were ______ when we heard the ______ news.
A. disappointing; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointed; disappointed
(2)填空:To my ______ (disappoint), I failed the test.
【答案】
(1)C (2)disappointment
易错辨析
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考点1 ing形容词和ed形容词辨析
bored adj.感到厌倦的;烦闷的
例:We felt bored when we saw the boring movie. 当我们看这个无聊的电影的时候感到很无聊。
surprised adj.感到惊讶的
【拓展】
(1)类似常见的形容词还有:
exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的;激动的
surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的
relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的
boring 没趣的;令人厌倦的 bored 感到厌倦的;烦闷的
amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 感到惊奇的
moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的(被……感动)
disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
【知识归纳】
◆ v.-ing 和 v.-ed 是由现在分词和过去分词 转化而来的形容词,具有形容词的性质。
◆ v.-ing 形容词一般用来形容“物”本身具有的性质,表示“令人……的”。
◆ v.-ed 形容词一般用来形容“人”的感受,表示“感到……的”。
常考的此类形容词的搭配
ing形式
ed形式
相关短语
exciting
excited
be excited about对……感到兴奋
surprising
surprised
be surprised at对……感到惊奇
worrying
worried
be worried about对……担心
interesting
interested
be interested in对……感兴趣
pleasing
pleased
be pleased with对……感到满意
boring
bored
be bored with对……厌烦
tiring
tired
be tired of对……感到厌倦
(1)—Why do you want another job, Mark?
—Because I think the job is ________, and it always makes me feel ________.
A.boring; bored B.boring; boring C.bored; boring D.bored; bored
(2)When we heard the ________ news, we felt very ________.
A.excited; exciting B.exciting; excited C.exciting; exciting D.excited; excited
【答案】
(1)A,句意:——你为什么要换工作,马克?——因为我觉得这份工作很无聊,它总是让我感到无聊。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的,用来修饰物;bored无聊的,用来修饰人;根据题干可知第一空修饰job,指的是物,用形容词boring;第二空修饰me,指的是人,用形容词bored。故选A。
(2)B,句意:当我们听到这个令人振奋的消息时,我们感到非常激动。考查形容词辨析。excited感到激动的;exciting令人振奋的,令人激动的。news为名词,其前应用表示“令人激动的,令人振奋的”的形容词来修饰,作定语;felt为系动词,后接表示“感到激动的”的形容词作表语。故选B。
考点2 look for与find、find out
辨析find, find out与look for
考点
含义与用法
例句
find
“找到,发现”, 强调找的结果。
I found the book under the bed in the end.最后,我在床底找到了那本书。
find out
着重表示通过理解、分析、思考等“弄清楚,查明”一件事情。
Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。
look for
“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调找的动作。
What are you looking for? 你在找什么?
【拓展】
常见的与 look 相关的短语:
look at 看;注意 look after 照顾;照料 look around/round 环顾
look back 回头看;回顾 look down on/upon sb.轻视;看不起 look for 寻找
look forward to 盼望 look like 看起来像 look through 快速查看;浏览
look over 查看;检查 look out (for sb./sth.)当心;留神
look up 抬头向上看;(在词典或参考书中)查阅 look up to sb.钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
(1)—Where is Tom? —He is _________ his dictionary everywhere in the classroom.
A.looking after B.looking for C.looking at D.looking through
(2)Can you help me __________ the leaving time of the train?
A.look for B.look out C.find out D.Look after
(3)Can you help me to ________ my dog when I’m away on holiday?
A.look at B.look after C.look like D.look up
(4)用方框中所给词汇的适当形式填空。
look for,find,find out
①The mother is _________ her lost child in the supermarket.
②Most foreigners _________ it quite difficult to learn Chinese well.
③Jack never complained to anyone about his problem but tried his best to _________ the solution.
④ It’s very difficult for you _________ your glasses in such a dark room.
【答案】
(1)B,句意:——汤姆在哪里?——他在教室里到处找字典。考查动词短语。looking after“照顾”;looking for“寻找”;looking at“看着”;looking through“浏览”。根据“... his dictionary everywhere”可知,到处找字典。故选B。
(2)C,句意:你能帮助我查一下这列火车离开的时间吗?look for寻找,look out小心,或向外看,find out(经过一番努力)而找出,查出,look after照看,照顾。结合句意可知这里表示“找出,查出”,故选C。
(3)B,句意:当我去度假的时候,你能帮我照顾一下我的狗吗?考查动词短语。look at看;look after照顾;look like看起来像;look up查阅。根据“Can you help me to...my dog when I’m away on holiday?”可知,此处是帮我照顾我的狗。故选B。
(4)① looking for ② find ③ find out ④to find
考点3 so…that…,such…that…与 so that
so…that…,such…that…与 so that辨析
so that
以便
目的状语从句
从句中常有 can,could,may 等情态动词。
【例句】
He got up so late that he missed the plane. 他起得如此晚,以至于错过了飞机。
It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书如此有趣,以至于我们都喜欢看。
It's such fine weather that I’d like to go out for a walk. 天气如此好,以至于我想去散散步。
We have moved to a place close to my parents home so that we can visit them every day.
我们把家搬到离父母家很近的地方, 以便每天都能去看看他们。
【拓展】
(1)so…that…结构中的 so 为副词,后接形容词或副词,表示程度;such…that…结构中的 such 为形 容词,后接名词,名词前可有形容词作修饰语,若名词前有 many,much,few,little 等表示数量多少的词修饰时,不用 such,而用 so。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了许多跤,结果全身都是伤。
There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher clearly.
外面有如此多的噪音,以至于我们没听清老师所讲的。
He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. 他赚的钱很少,几乎不能养家糊口。
(2)当that前是可数名词单数且该名词前面有形容词修饰时,so…that…与 such…that…引导的结果状语从句可以相互转换,即 so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that 从句=such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that 从句。
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
=She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位好老师,我们都爱她。
(3)so that 也可引导结果状语从句,从句前可用逗号与主句隔开,意为“因此”。
Yesterday morning Liming got up early,so that he caught the early bus.
昨天早上李明起床很早,因此他赶上了早班车。
(4)引导目的状语从句时,so that+从句=in order that+从句=so as to do sth./in order to do sth.。
He spends more time learning English so that/in order that he can make greater progress.
=He spends more time learning English so as to/in order to make greater progress.
他花更多时间学习英语,以便能取得更大的进步。
(1)The city Zibo is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year.
A.so, that B.such, that C.too, to D.very, that
(2)There is no doubt that ________ a little sheep with ________ little water can’t live for ten days.
A.such; so B.such; such C.so; such D.so; so
【答案】
(1)A,句意:淄博一个如此受欢迎的城市以至于今年许多人想去那里旅行。考查主从复合句。so...that如此……以至于……,引导结果状语从句,so后面用形容词或副词;such...that如此……以至于……,引导结果状语从句,such后面用名词;too...to...太……而不能……, to后面用动词原形:very...that形式错误,没有这种用法。根据形容词“popular”和从句“many people want to go there for a trip this year”可知此句需用so+形容词原形+that引导的结果状语从句。故选A。
(2)A,句意:毫无疑问,如此小的一只绵羊喝这么少的水不能存活十天。考查词汇辨析。such形容词,用法为:such+a/an+形容词,“little”意为“小的”,是形容词,第一空用such;so副词,当不可数名词前有little“少的”修饰时,只能用so。故选A。
考点4 until的用法
知识归纳
until 在本句中用作连词,意为“直到……为止”,它还可用作介词。
词性
含义及用法
例句
介词
后接表示时间点的词
表示动作或状态一直延续到 until 所表示的时间为止。
I waited until 5:00 p.m. 我一直等到下午5点钟。
构成not ...until ...句型,意为“直到……才……”( 动作到 until 所表示的时间才发生)。
The noise didn’t stop until midnight.
噪音一直到午夜才停止。
连词
后接时间状语从句
用于肯定句中,表示某一动作或状态一直延续到另一动作或状态出现之前。
She lived with her parents until she got married.
她与父母住在一起直到结婚为止。
用于否定句中,构成 not...until ...句型,意为“直到……才……”(某一动作到另一动作或状态出现时才发生)。
Jim didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.吉姆直到完成作业才去睡觉。
注意:
(1)until 用于肯定句中,一般可译为“直到……为止”;此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为延续性动词,如 live,wait,last,stay,work,continue 等。until用于否定句中时,一般可译为“直到……才……”;此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词。
(2)until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即“主将从现”。
例:He won’t leave home until you call. 直到你打电话,他才会离开家。
【图解】
(1)Let’s wait ________ the rain stops.
A.so B.while C.since D.until
(2)这个女孩直到爸爸回来才去睡觉。
The girl go to sleep her father came back.
【答案】
(1)D,句意:让我们等雨停。考查连词辨析。so因此;while然而;since自从;until直到……。根据“Let’s wait … the rain stops.”可知,此处指等着直到雨停,用until引导时间状语从句。故选D。
(2)didn’t until
考点5 辨析:die、dead、death与dying
知识归纳
dead adj. 不运行的;死亡的;死寂的;adv. 完全地(如dead tired)
【注意】be dead(持续状态);dead silence 死寂“去世多久”用 has been dead(≠ has died)
1. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
die
v.
死亡(不及物)
The old dog died last month.
death
n.
死亡;去世
His death made us sad.
dying
adj.
垂死的
The doctor saved the dying cat.
(1)His grandfather ______ in 2020.
A. dead B. death C. died D. dying
(2)改错题:My aunt has died for five years.
【答案】
(1)C (2)改为:My aunt has been dead for five years.
考点6 三个“借”
知识归纳
borrow,lend 与 keep辨析
单词
含义
用法
borrow
借入;借来
borrow sth.from sb. 表示主语向别人借东西
lend
借给;借出
lend sth.to sb.=lend sb.sth. 表示主语把东西借给某人
keep
保存;借
“keep sth.for+一段时间”表示借多长时间
注:(1)borrow 和 lend 都是非延续性动词,不能与一段时间连用;keep 是延续性动词,可以与一段时间连用。
(2)return 意为“归还”,相当于 give back;return sth.to sb.意为“把某物归还给某人”。
【例句】
I borrowed a magazine from Mary. 我向玛丽借了一本杂志。
He lent his pen to me.=He lent me his pen. 他把他的钢笔借给了我。
—How long can I keep this book? 这本书我可以借多长时间?—For two weeks./Two weeks. 两周。
(1)— Could I _______ the book for two more days?— Sorry, you can’t. You must follow our rules.
A.borrow B.lend C.keep
(2)—Can I ______ Robinson Crusoe, Mrs. Lee?—Of course, but you can only ______ it for a week.
A.borrow; lend B.lend; borrow C.borrow; keep D.lend; keep
【答案】
(1)C,句意:——这本书我可以再借两天吗?——对不起,你不能。你必须遵守我们的规定。考查动词辨析。borrow借来;lend借出;keep保留。根据“for two more days”可知,此处应使用延续性动词keep。故选C。
(2)C,句意:——李老师,我可以借《鲁滨逊漂流记》吗?——当然,但你只能借一个星期。考查动词辨析。borrow借入,短暂性动词;lend借出,短暂性动词;keep保留,延续性动词。根据“Can I...”可知,是指想借入这本书,应用动词borrow表示“借入”,根据“for a week”可知此处应用延续性动词。故选C。
考点7 alone与lonely辨析
知识归纳
单词
用法
lonely
lonely只用作形容词,它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语,表示“孤独的;寂寞的;偏僻的”。该词带有浓厚的感情色彩
alone
alone用作形容词时,只作表语和后置定语,意为“只,只有,仅仅;孤身一人的”;
alone用作副词时,表示“独自地;单独地”。alone相当于by oneself,在句中作方式状语
【例句】
I was traveling alone in the lonely island.I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone.
我独自在人迹罕至的岛上旅行。虽然孤身一人,但我并不感到寂寞。
【注意】
lonely是形容词,容易被误认为是副词的类似形容词还有friendly“友好的”,motherly“慈母般的”,brotherly“兄弟似的”,lovely“可爱的”,lively“鲜艳的;生气勃勃的”等。
(1)— The old man lives ________, so he may feel ________.— We should visit him twice a month.
A.alone; lonely B.lonely; alone C.alone; alone
(2)The old man lives _______, but he doesn’t feel _______.
A.alone, alone B.alone, lonely
C.lonely, alone D.lonely, lonely
【答案】
(1)A,句意:——这位老人独自生活,所以他可能会感到孤独。——我们应该一个月去看他两次。考查词义辨析。alone独自,副词;lonely孤独的,有一定的感情色彩。第一空是修饰动词lives,应用副词alone;第二空表示感到孤独,应用lonely,故选A。
(2)B,句意:这位老人独自生活,但他并不感到孤独。考查词义辨析。alone独自地;lonely孤单的。第一空修饰动词lives,应填副词alone;feel是连系动词,后接形容词作表语,故选B。
考点8 三个“大声”
辨析aloud、loud与loudly
单词
含义与用法
aloud
副词,重点在出声能让人听见,常用在读书或说话上。aloud通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式
loud
可作形容词或副词,作副词时意为“响亮地;大声;高声地”,常与speak、talk、laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后
loudly
意为“响亮地;喧闹地”,其基本意义与loud相同,还常与ring、knock等动词连用
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
loudly aloud loud
1.He does not talk or laugh in public.
2.Reading is very important in learning a foreign language.
3.I can't hear you clearly. Please speak a little .
【答案】
1.loudly 2. aloud 3.louder
考点9 四个“参加”
❆join,join in,take part in 与 attend辨析
这四个词(短语)都有“参加”的意思,具体区别如下:
单词/短语
用法
例句
join
指加入某党派、团体、组织等,并成为其成员之一,意为“入党,入团,参军” 等。
His brother joined the army three years ago.
他哥哥是三年前参军的。
和某人一起做某事,其结构为:join sb.in(doing)sth.
Come and join us in the discussion!
来和我们一起讨论吧!
join in
多指参加小规模的活动,如 “球赛、游戏”等,多用于日常口语。
May I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗?
take part in
指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥(积极)作用。
He took part in the school sports meeting yesterday.
昨天他参加了学校的运动会。
attend
正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼;去上课、上学、听报告或讲座等。
She didn’t attend the meeting last Friday.
上周五她没有参加会议。
注:take part in 是惯用词组,part 前一般不用冠词,但 part 前有形容词修饰时,要用不定冠词。如:
take an active part in 积极参加
用take part in, join, join in或attend的适当形式填空。
1.He the English club last term.
2.Why didn't you Jim's party yesterday?
3.Many very important people will the meeting tomorrow.
4.They will the contest.
【答案】1.joined 2.take part in 3.attend 4.join in
考点10 四个“除了”
except,besides,except for 与 but 辨析
except
表示一种排除关系,except 后跟内容(与整体是同类)不包括在内,常与 all,everyone 等不定代词连用。
We all went to the zoo last Sunday except Jane. 除了简之外,上个星期天我们都去动物园了。
besides
“除……之外(还)”,表示一种累加关系,besides 后跟内容包括在内。
Amy is good at dancing besides singing.
除唱歌外,埃米还擅长跳舞。
except for
说明整体情况后,对细节加以修正,指从整体中除去一个细节(与整体不是同类),表示“美中不足的是”。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了几处语法错误外,你的作文写得很好。
but
常与 nobody/nothing/no one 等表示否定意义的不定代词连用,与 except 同义。
Nobody knew his name but/except me.
除了我之外,没人知道他的名字。
【注意】
(1)besides 还可用作副词,意为“而且,再说”。
(2)except 还可用作连词,意为“除了;只是”,后接从句。
(1)Music makes our life colourful, and helps us to relax. ________, English songs can also help us learn English.
A.Except B.Besides C.As D.But
(2)John had a cold. Everyone was at the party ________ him.
A.except B.beside C.without D.against
【答案】
(1)B,句意:音乐使我们的生活多姿多彩,帮我们放松。除此之外,英文歌曲还可以帮我们学习英语。
考查介词辨析。except除……之外,不包括在范围内;besides除……之外还有,包括在范围内;as作为;but除了,不包含在范围内。根据“make our life colorful and helps us to relax”和“English songs can also help us learn English”,可知它们是并列关系,都是音乐的好处。故排除C。英文歌曲也属于音乐,故可知是包含在内的,故选B。
(2)A,句意:约翰感冒了。除了他以外,每个人都参加了聚会。考查介词辨析。except除……之外,不包括; beside在……旁边; without没有;against反对。根据“John had a cold.”可知,约翰因为感冒而不能参加聚会,所以不包含在内。故选A。
考点11 pleasant的用法
pleasure,pleased,please与pleasant辨析
pleasure
名词,意为“高兴;愉快;满意”,多用于口语中
-Thank you for helping me!-It’s my/a pleasure.
-Could you help me clean the living room?
-With pleasure. 我很乐意。
It is a pleasure to meet you.很高兴认识你。
pleased
形容词,意为“高兴;愉快;满意”,通常作表语,句子的主语是人,常用短语:be pleased with sb./sth.或 be pleased to do sth.
We are very pleased with our new house.
我们对我们的新房很满意。
please
作及物动词时,表示“使高兴、满意、愉快”等;作不及物动词时,表示“想,选择,喜欢”等
The good news pleased the family.
这个好消息使全家人很高兴。
pleasant
形容词,意为“令人愉快的;宜人的”,常作定语
a pleasant climate/evening/place令人愉快的气候/夜晚/地方
I hope you have a pleasant trip.我希望你旅途愉快。
(1)The old couple were _______ because they had a _______ trip in Australia.
A.pleased; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant
C.pleasant; pleased D.please; pleased
(2)—Would you please help me with the box? —________.
A.Yes, please B.No, please don’t C.My pleasure D.With pleasure
【答案】
(1)B,句意:这对老夫妇非常的高兴,因为他们在澳大利亚进行了一次愉快的旅行。pleased愉快的,高兴的,是一个形容词,常修饰人;pleasant令人愉快的,形容词,常修饰物;pleasure快乐,是一个名词;please是一个动词,使愉快。第一个空前是be动词的形式,这里应用形容词作表语,且是来修饰人的,故用pleased;第二个空是作定语,修饰名词trip,故用pleasant。选B。
(2)D,句意:——你能帮我搬一下这个箱子吗?——我很乐意。考查情景交际。Yes, please是的,请;No, please don’t不,请不要;My pleasure不客气;With pleasure我很乐意。根据“Would you please help me with the box?”可知,前者表示请求,“With pleasure我很乐意”符合语境,故选D。
考点12 population相关用法
population n.人口
【注意】
表示“某地(城市、地区或国家)有多少人口”时,还可用句型“The population of+某地+be+数词.”。
【例句】
The world’s population is growing faster and faster. 世界人口增长得越来越快。
Three quarters of the population are farmers. 四分之三的人口是农民。
The population of China is very large. 中国人口众多。
What’s the population of this town?这个城镇有多少人口?
The population of the city is about 5 million.
=The city has a population of about 5 million. 这座城市大约有五百万人口。
(1)The population of Heilongjiang is ________ than ________ of Shanghai. The birthrate is low, so our government encourages a second or a third child.
A.smaller; those B.less; it C.smaller; that
(2)Two thirds of the population in that faraway village ________ farmers.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
【答案】
(1)C,句意:黑龙江的人口比上海的少。出生率很低,所以我们的政府鼓励生第二个或第三个孩子。
考查形容词辨析以及代词辨析。smaller更小;less更少;those那些;it它;that那个。此处表示人口的少用smaller,排除B;根据“The population of Heilongjiang is...than...of Shanghai”可知第二个空代指上海的人口,在比较结构中用that代指population。故选C。
(2)A,句意:在那个遥远的村庄里,三分之二的人是农民。考查主谓一致。are是;is是;have有;has有。根据“Two thirds of the population in that faraway village ... farmers.”可知,三分之二的人是农民,用be动词表示“是”。population意为“人口”时,是不可数名词;population意为“(全体)居民、群体”时,是集合名词。该句中population指的是“群体”,故看作复数。“分数+of+名词”作主语时,由名词的单复数决定主语的单复数。故选A。
考点13 四个“希望”
expect, wish, hope与look forward to辨析
单词/短语
含义及用法
expect
意为“预料,期待,认为某事会发生”。常见搭配:
(1)expect (sb.) to do sth.期望(某人)做某事 (2)expect+that... 期望……
wish
意为“希望”,后接从句时,从句常用虚拟语气,侧重不太可能实现的愿望。常见搭配:
(1)wish sb. sth.祝愿某人某事(2)wish (sb.) to do sth.希望(某人)做某事
(3)wish+从句 希望……
hope
意为“希望”,更多地表达一种情感。常见搭配:
(1)hope to do sth.希望做某事(2)hope+that... 希望……
look forward to
意为“盼望,期待”,常用于表达期望或向往某物或做某事。常见搭配:
look forward to sth.期待某物look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
(1)You’re expected (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
(2)我们每个人都期待一个美好的未来。(汉译英)
Each of us is to a good future.
【答案】(1)to shake (2)looking forward
考点14 number的搭配
知识归纳
the number of 与 a number of辨析
短语
用法
the number of
意为“……的数量”,中心词为number,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
a number of
意为“许多……”,中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
【例句】
The number of teachers in the school is 300. 学校里老师的数量是300.
A number of them are women doctors. 她们中许多人是女医生。
【注意】
a number of中的number前面可用small/large/great等修饰,表示程度。
Doctors believe a large number of people are at risk. 医生们认为大部分人有危险。
(1)In our school library, there _________ a number of books on art. The number of the books _________ still growing larger and larger.
A.is; is B.are; is C.is; are D.are; are
(2)The number of people invited ________ fifty, but a number of them ________ absent for different reasons.
A.was; were B.was; was C.were; was D.were; were
【答案】
(1)B,句意:在我们学校的图书馆里,有许多关于艺术的书。 书的数量还在越来越多。考查主谓一致。根据“a number of books”可知,表复数概念,故第一空填are。the number of表示“……的数量”,修饰主语,be动词用is,故选B。
(2)A,句意:邀请人数是50,但是很多人因为不同的原因缺席。考查主谓一致。the number of“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;a number of“大量的”,谓语动词用复数。故选A。
考点15 lively 的相关词
live,alive,lively与living辨析
live
活的;现场直播的;现场演出的,只修饰物,只作前置定语
a live fish 一条活鱼
The club has live music most nights.
该俱乐部大多数晚上有现场演奏的音乐。
alive
活着;在世,指人或物,作表语、宾补或后置定语
We don’t know whether he’s alive or dead.
我们不知道他是死是活。
living
活着的;健在的;在使用的,指人或物,作表语或定语
living languages 现用语言
lively
充满趣味的;充满生气的,指人或物,作表语、宾补或前置定语
a lively girl 一个充满活力的女孩
(1)The documentary For the Sake of Peace(《为了和平》)brings the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争) ________ on screen.
A.living B.lively C.alive D.live
(2)Though she is disabled, the ______ girl teaches children drawing for a(an) _____. She always brings animals_____ on the paper.
A.living; live; alive B.live; living; lively C.lively; living; alive D.lively; alive; living
【答案】
(1)C,句意:纪录片《为了和平》将抗美援朝战争鲜活地呈现在银幕上。考查形容词辨析。living活着,指没有死,可修饰人,也可修饰物;lively活泼的,精力充沛的;alive活着的,着重于状态;live活的,真的,只修饰物。bring sth alive on screen意为“使某物鲜活地呈现在屏幕上”,固定搭配。故选C。
(2)C,句意:尽管她有残疾,这个活泼的女孩教孩子们画画为生。她总是把动物活生生地画在纸上。考查形容词和介词短语辨析题。前一空做girl(女孩,指人)的定语,需用lively修饰;中间空有不定冠词修饰,需用名词living,for a living谋生,是固定短语;后一空做animals(动物,指物)的后置定语,需用alive修饰。根据句意语境,可知选C。
【点睛】
living意为“活着的”,主要用作定语,常置于名词之前,有时也可置于名词之后,也可用作表语。
live读作/laiv/,意为“活着的”,可以作定语,放在所修饰的名词之前,一般不用来修饰人。
lively意为“生动的”,“活泼的”,“充满生气的”,用作表语或定语,可以用来修饰人或物。
alive是表语形容词,作“活着的”,“在世的”解,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物;作定语时,应将其放在被修饰的名词后面。
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专题02 Unit 1-4常考知识点和易错辨析归纳
常考知识点
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考点1 breath 的用法
知识归纳
breath n.呼吸的空气;一口气
1.易混辨析:breathe(动词 /briːð/,呼吸)→ 巧记:“名词无声,动词有/ð/”
单词
词性
含义
例句
breathe
v.
呼吸
Breathe in slowly and out deeply.
breathless
adj.
喘不过气的
She was breathless after running.
breathlessly
adv.
气喘吁吁地
He spoke breathlessly.
2. 必背搭配:
take a (deep) breath (深深)吸一口气 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气 in one breath 一口气
take sb’s breath 令人惊叹;让人叹绝
(1)After climbing the hill, we were all ______ and needed to rest.
A. out of breath B. in one breath C. hold our breath D. take a breath
(2)填空:Please ______ (breath) calmly when you take the exam.
考点2 comfortable 的用法
知识归纳
comfortable adj.舒适的;自在的 ./ˈkʌmftəbl/(结尾“-able”发/əbl/)
1. 必背搭配:comfortable chair/bed 舒适的椅子/床 feel comfortable 感觉舒服;
be comfortable with sb. 与某人相处自在
2. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
comfortably
adv.
舒适地
He sat comfortably on the chair.
uncomfortable
adj.(反义词)
不舒适的
The small shoes are uncomfortable.
comfort
n./v.
安慰;舒适
Music gives me comfort.
(1) The bed is ______, so I slept well.
A. comfortably B. comfortable C. comfort D. uncomfortable
(2)填空:My grandma lives ______ (comfortable) in the new house.
考点3 ready的用法
知识归纳
ready adj.准备好的;现成的;adv.已做完;已完成
含义
常用搭配
例句
准备好的
be/get ready for sth./to do sth.
为……做好准备
Are You ready for the competition?
你为这次竞赛做好准备了吗?
愿意的
be ready to do sth.
乐意做某事
She is always ready to help others.
她总是乐于助人。
【拓展】
表示“为……做准备”还可以用 be ready for,它与 prepare for 的区别如下:
短语
用法
例句
be ready for
强调状态,表示已经准备好。
I’m ready for the maths test.
我为这次数学测试做好了准备。
prepare for
强调动作,常用于进行时,表示正在准备。
I’m preparing for the maths test.
我正在为这次数学测试做准备。
(1)Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A.join B.joining C.to join D.to joining
(2)— Can you come to my party this evening?— Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare ________ my exams.
A.of B.for C.about
(3)We’re leaving at eight o’clock, so you’ve got half an hour to get (准备好).
(4)到目前为止,我们班的同学已经为考试做好了准备。
So far, the students in our class have been the exam.
考点4 against的用法
知识归纳
against prep.反对;与...相反;紧靠
(1)—In China, driving after drinking ________.—You are right. That’s ________ the law.
A.is not allowed; against B.was not allowed; with
C.are not allowed; for D.were not allowed; along
(2)—It’s raining heavily outside. May I push my bicycle into your house?
—Sure. But please put it ________ the wall so that it won’t take up too much space.
A.in B.against C.over
考点5 remind的用法
知识归纳
remind v.提醒;使想起
【例句】
Remind me to phone Amy before I go out. 提醒我在出去之前给埃米打电话。
Be sure to remind her of the meeting she has to attend. 务必提醒她要参加那次会议。
The smell reminds me of France. 这股气味使我想起了法国。
He reminded me that I would answer the letter as early as possible.他提醒我尽早回信。
(1)The old soldier Hu Zhengxian likes green because it reminds him __________ his life in the army.
A.of B.off C.about D.for
(2)Jack’s mother always reminds him ________ his report of the project on time.
A.finish B.finished C.to finish D.finishing
考点6 thousand的用法
知识归纳
thousand num.(数字)千;许许多多,数以千计;pron.成千上万
搭配
用法
例句
数字+thousand
thousand 与基数词连用时,用单数形式,表示具体数目。
There are two thousand students on the playground.
操场上有两千名学生。
thousands of
thousand 与 of 连用时,常用复数形式,表示概数,意为“数千;成千上万”。
Thousands of people are dancing in the park now.
现在数千人在公园里跳舞。
注: 与thousand 用法相同的还有 hundred,million 和 billion。
(1)There are nearly four (thousand) students in our grade.
(2)数千名音乐家将参加此次的音乐节。(汉译英)
musicians will take part in this music festival.
考点7 forget的用法
知识归纳
forget v. 忘记;遗忘
串联记忆:forgetful adj.健忘的;好忘事的 unforgettable adj.难以忘怀的;令人难忘的
【例句】
Mary often forgets to bring her pen.玛丽经常忘记带她的钢笔。
He forgot turning the light off when he left the classroom.当他离开教室的时候,他忘记已经关灯了。
【拓展】
有些动词后接动词不定式或动名词均可,但意义稍有差别。与forget用法类似的词如下:
(1)try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 try doing sth.尝试着做某事
(2)stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事
(3)go on to do sth.接着去做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事
(4)remember to do sth.记得要做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
(5)regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事(未做) regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做)
(1)— Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A.wear B.wears C.to wear D.wearing
(2)—Did you forget ________ off the light when you left the room just now?
—No, I remember ________ that, Mum.
A.to turn; to do B.turning; to do C.to turn; doing D.turning; doing
考点8 invite的用法
invite v.邀请
He invited my family yesterday. 昨天他邀请了我全家。
They've invited us to stay for the weekend. 他们已邀请我们留下来过周末。
Jim invited his friends to his house. 吉姆邀请了他的朋友们去他家。
【拓展】
invite 的名词形式为 invitation,意为“邀请;请柬”,常用作可数名词,常用搭配如下:
make/accept an invitation 发出/接受邀请 turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请
an invitation to sth.……的请柬
(1)—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week.
—That’s wonderful!
A.give B.to give C.giving D.gave
(2)—Why are you so excited? —Peter invited me ________ on a trip to Mount Huang.
A.to go B.go C.going D.went
考点9 plan的用法
知识归纳
plan v.策划;打算.n.计划;方案
词性
用法
例句
动词
plan to do sth.计划、打算做某事
plan for (sth.) 为....做计划
I plan to travel this summer vacation.
我计划这个暑假去旅行。
He is planning for his winter vacation.
他正在为他的寒假做计划。
名词
make plans/a plan (to do sth./for sth.)
制定计划
It's often easier to make plans than to carry them out.
制订计划常比执行计划容易些。
(1)Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father.
A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.prepare
(2)What are your p (计划) for this weekend?
考点10 familiar的常见用法
familiar adj.熟悉的;通晓的
①be familiar with 人对事物熟悉 I am familiar with this book.
②be familiar to 事物对人熟悉 This book is familiar to me.
1. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
familiarity
n.
熟悉;通晓
Her familiarity with French is impressive.
unfamiliar
adj.(反义词)
不熟悉的
This school feels unfamiliar to me.
(1)This song is ______ to me—I heard it yesterday.
A. familiar B. similar C. unfamiliar D. famous
(2)We know the streets well.(同义句转换)
We are ______ ______ the streets.
考点11 疑问代词/疑问副词+ever的用法
知识归纳
wherever=no matter where,意为“在任 何 ……的时候; 无论何时 ”, 在此句中引导让步状语从句。
Wherever she led,they followed. 她引向哪里,他们就跟在哪里。
【拓展】
疑问代词/疑问副词+ever=no matter+疑问代词/疑问副词,其意义为“不管/无论+该疑问词的本义”。 however,whenever,wherever 常用来引导让步状语从句;whatever,whoever,whomever 既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导宾语从句;“no matter+疑问代词/疑问副词”只能引导让步状语从句,且一般位于句首。
Whatever you do,do it well.=No matter what you do,do it well. 无论你做什么,都要把它做好。
Whoever you are,you must keep the law.=No matter who you are,you must keep the law.
不管你是谁,你都要遵纪守法。
(1)Whenever you come back to China, you'll be amazed at the great changes here. (改为同义句)
when you come back to China, you'll be amazed at the great changes here.
(2) (无论何时) the national anthem is played, we all feel proud of our country.
考点12 compare 的用法
compare v.比较;对比
【例句】
He compared his camera with mine. 他拿自己的照相机跟我的作比较。
Books can be compared to friends. 书籍好比朋友。
【拓展】
compared with/to sth./sb.是一个过去分词短语,意为“和……相比;对比/比起……”,常位于句首或句末作状语。
Compared with many people,she is really lucky. 和许多人相比,她确实很幸运。
The road is very busy compared with/to ours. 和我们(附近)的马路相比,这条马路(交通)非常繁忙。
(1)—Let’s _________ these two leaves! Can you tell the differences?
—Their shapes look the same, but their sizes are a little different.
A.compare B.compete C.cancel D.control
(2)—What have you found by ________ study travel ________ other tourism products?
—Study travel focuses on learning during traveling.
A.connecting... to B.comparing... with C.treating... as
考点13 appearance的用法
appearance n.外貌;外观 ;出现;露面
1.必背搭配:
physical appearance 外貌;judge by appearance 以貌取人
make an appearance 露面;the appearance of sth. 某物的出现
2.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
appear
v.
出现;显得
The sun appeared from behind clouds.
disappearance
n.
消失
The cat's disappearance worried her.
apparent
adj.
明显的
Her sadness was apparent.
(1)Don't judge a person by his ______; inner beauty matters more.
A. appear B. appearance C. apparent D. disappearance
(2)填空:The ______ (appear) of the new park livened the neighborhood.
考点14 honest的用法
honest /ˈɒnɪst/(英)/ˈɑːnɪst/(美) adj.诚实的;坦率的;真诚的(强调言行与内心一致,不欺骗)。
高频考点:因首字母“h”不发音,前面需用不定冠词 an(如 an honest boy),而非 a。
1.相关搭配:
an honest man/woman/student(一个诚实的人/学生,冠词用 an 是重点)
to be honest(说实话,插入语,常用于句首):To be honest, I don’t like this book.
Be honest with sb.(对某人诚实):You should be honest with your parents.
Be honest about sth.(对某事坦诚):She is honest about her failure.
2.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
honestly
adv.
诚实地;坦率地
He spoke honestly about his mistake.他坦诚地谈起自己的错误。
honesty
n.
诚实;正直
Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上策。(谚语)
dishonest
adj.
不诚实的
A dishonest person can’t be trusted.不诚实的人不可信。
(1)We should be ______ with our friends. Lying to them is wrong.
A. honest B. honesty C. honestly D. dishonest
(2)填空:To be ______ (honest), this is the most interesting film I’ve ever seen.
(3)句型转换:He is an honest boy.(改为感叹句)
→ ______ ______ honest boy he is!
考点15 popular的用法
popular adj.受欢迎的;流行的.比较级最高级为 more popular—most popular
1. 相关搭配
be popular with/among sb.(受某人欢迎)
popular music/clothes 流行音乐/服装
2. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
popularity
n.
受欢迎;流行
The singer's popularity grew fast.
unpopular
adj.
不受欢迎的
His rudeness made him unpopular.
(1)Volleyball is ______ among our students.
A. popular B. popularity C. unpopular D. popularly
(2)填空:The ______ (popular) of online shopping is rising.
考点17 believe的用法
believe v.相信;认为有可能
短语及句型
用法
believe sb.
=believe what one says
“相信某人”,常指某人说的话
believe sb./sth. (to be)+adj./n.
“相信/认为某人/认为某物是……”
believe+ that从句...
“相信/认为……”
believe in sb. =trust sb.
“信任(人格等)”,后接名词、代词或者动名词
It's believed that...
人们相信……
【例句】
She says she didn’t take the money.Do you believe her? 她说她没有拿那笔钱。你相信她(说的话)吗?
We believe in him.He is an honest boy. 我们信任他。他是一个诚实的男孩。
It is believed that the couple have left the country. 据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
【拓展】
(1)believe 后接宾语从句,意为“相信;认为有可能”。当主语为第一人称(I/we)时,宾语从句通常要“否定前移”,即把从句中的否定转移到主句中来。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
(2)在简略答语中,常用 I believe so.表示肯定回答;用 I don’t believe so.或 I believe not.表示否定回答。
—Does he still work there? 他还在那里工作吗?
—I believe so/not. 我想是/ 不是。
(3)believe it or not 意为“信不信由你”,常用于口语中。
Believe it or not, but he actually won! 信不信由你,但他确实赢了。
(4)believable adj. 可相信的,可信任的
unbelievable adj. 难以置信的,不真实的
(1)It's nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than ten years ago
A.What’s worse B.Believe it or not C.In other words D.That's to say
(2)Jenny is an honest girl. We all believe ________ her.
A.to B.in C.of D.on
(3)根据汉语提示完成句子。
①我们应该信任他。
We should him.
②人们相信好人有好报。
that kind ones will receive good things in return.
= that kind ones will receive good things in return.
考点18 without的用法
without 为介词,意为“没有;不(做某事)”,后接名词、代词(宾格)或动名词作宾语。其反义词为 with。
I couldn’t finish the task on time without your help. 没有你的帮助,我不能按时完成这项任务。
It wasn't very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
(1)Bees can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.
A.From B.Like C.Except D.Without
(2)She thought it impossible to talk about poems without Li Bai. (mention)
考点19的用法
知识归纳
imagine v.想象;猜想
【例句】
I can’t imagine life without the computer. 我无法想象没有电脑的生活。
She imagined walking into the school again. 她想象着又一次走进校园。
You can imagine that you have just won a million pounds. 你可以想象一下你刚刚赢得了一百万英镑。
(1)Every student along with some teachers ________ excited to go to the nursing home, and they always imagine ________ the old there.
A.is; helping B.are; to help C.is; help
(2)Have you imagined (be) able to touch the person by making video calls?
考点20 disappoint的用法
disappoint v.使失望;使落空.
词根拆解:dis-(否定)+ appoint(约定)→ “未达约定”→ 失望
1.词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
disappointing
形容词
令人失望的(修饰物)
The result is disappointing.
disappointed
形容词
感到失望的(修饰人)
She was disappointed with the exam.
disappointment
名词
失望;令人失望的人/事
His failure was a big disappointment.
2. 相关搭配
be disappointed with sth.(对某物失望)
be disappointed at doing sth.(对做某事失望)
to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是
(1)We were ______ when we heard the ______ news.
A. disappointing; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointed; disappointed
(2)填空:To my ______ (disappoint), I failed the test.
易错辨析
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考点1 ing形容词和ed形容词辨析
bored adj.感到厌倦的;烦闷的
例:We felt bored when we saw the boring movie. 当我们看这个无聊的电影的时候感到很无聊。
surprised adj.感到惊讶的
【拓展】
(1)类似常见的形容词还有:
exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的;激动的
surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的
relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的
boring 没趣的;令人厌倦的 bored 感到厌倦的;烦闷的
amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 感到惊奇的
moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的(被……感动)
disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
【知识归纳】
◆ v.-ing 和 v.-ed 是由现在分词和过去分词 转化而来的形容词,具有形容词的性质。
◆ v.-ing 形容词一般用来形容“物”本身具有的性质,表示“令人……的”。
◆ v.-ed 形容词一般用来形容“人”的感受,表示“感到……的”。
常考的此类形容词的搭配
ing形式
ed形式
相关短语
exciting
excited
be excited about对……感到兴奋
surprising
surprised
be surprised at对……感到惊奇
worrying
worried
be worried about对……担心
interesting
interested
be interested in对……感兴趣
pleasing
pleased
be pleased with对……感到满意
boring
bored
be bored with对……厌烦
tiring
tired
be tired of对……感到厌倦
(1)—Why do you want another job, Mark?
—Because I think the job is ________, and it always makes me feel ________.
A.boring; bored B.boring; boring C.bored; boring D.bored; bored
(2)When we heard the ________ news, we felt very ________.
A.excited; exciting B.exciting; excited C.exciting; exciting D.excited; excited
考点2 look for与find、find out
辨析find, find out与look for
考点
含义与用法
例句
find
“找到,发现”, 强调找的结果。
I found the book under the bed in the end.最后,我在床底找到了那本书。
find out
着重表示通过理解、分析、思考等“弄清楚,查明”一件事情。
Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。
look for
“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调找的动作。
What are you looking for? 你在找什么?
【拓展】
常见的与 look 相关的短语:
look at 看;注意 look after 照顾;照料 look around/round 环顾
look back 回头看;回顾 look down on/upon sb.轻视;看不起 look for 寻找
look forward to 盼望 look like 看起来像 look through 快速查看;浏览
look over 查看;检查 look out (for sb./sth.)当心;留神
look up 抬头向上看;(在词典或参考书中)查阅 look up to sb.钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
(1)—Where is Tom? —He is _________ his dictionary everywhere in the classroom.
A.looking after B.looking for C.looking at D.looking through
(2)Can you help me __________ the leaving time of the train?
A.look for B.look out C.find out D.Look after
(3)Can you help me to ________ my dog when I’m away on holiday?
A.look at B.look after C.look like D.look up
(4)用方框中所给词汇的适当形式填空。
look for,find,find out
①The mother is _________ her lost child in the supermarket.
②Most foreigners _________ it quite difficult to learn Chinese well.
③Jack never complained to anyone about his problem but tried his best to _________ the solution.
④ It’s very difficult for you _________ your glasses in such a dark room.
考点3 so…that…,such…that…与 so that
so…that…,such…that…与 so that辨析
so that
以便
目的状语从句
从句中常有 can,could,may 等情态动词。
【例句】
He got up so late that he missed the plane. 他起得如此晚,以至于错过了飞机。
It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书如此有趣,以至于我们都喜欢看。
It's such fine weather that I’d like to go out for a walk. 天气如此好,以至于我想去散散步。
We have moved to a place close to my parents home so that we can visit them every day.
我们把家搬到离父母家很近的地方, 以便每天都能去看看他们。
【拓展】
(1)so…that…结构中的 so 为副词,后接形容词或副词,表示程度;such…that…结构中的 such 为形 容词,后接名词,名词前可有形容词作修饰语,若名词前有 many,much,few,little 等表示数量多少的词修饰时,不用 such,而用 so。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了许多跤,结果全身都是伤。
There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher clearly.
外面有如此多的噪音,以至于我们没听清老师所讲的。
He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. 他赚的钱很少,几乎不能养家糊口。
(2)当that前是可数名词单数且该名词前面有形容词修饰时,so…that…与 such…that…引导的结果状语从句可以相互转换,即 so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that 从句=such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that 从句。
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
=She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位好老师,我们都爱她。
(3)so that 也可引导结果状语从句,从句前可用逗号与主句隔开,意为“因此”。
Yesterday morning Liming got up early,so that he caught the early bus.
昨天早上李明起床很早,因此他赶上了早班车。
(4)引导目的状语从句时,so that+从句=in order that+从句=so as to do sth./in order to do sth.。
He spends more time learning English so that/in order that he can make greater progress.
=He spends more time learning English so as to/in order to make greater progress.
他花更多时间学习英语,以便能取得更大的进步。
(1)The city Zibo is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year.
A.so, that B.such, that C.too, to D.very, that
(2)There is no doubt that ________ a little sheep with ________ little water can’t live for ten days.
A.such; so B.such; such C.so; such D.so; so
考点4 until的用法
知识归纳
until 在本句中用作连词,意为“直到……为止”,它还可用作介词。
词性
含义及用法
例句
介词
后接表示时间点的词
表示动作或状态一直延续到 until 所表示的时间为止。
I waited until 5:00 p.m. 我一直等到下午5点钟。
构成not ...until ...句型,意为“直到……才……”( 动作到 until 所表示的时间才发生)。
The noise didn’t stop until midnight.
噪音一直到午夜才停止。
连词
后接时间状语从句
用于肯定句中,表示某一动作或状态一直延续到另一动作或状态出现之前。
She lived with her parents until she got married.
她与父母住在一起直到结婚为止。
用于否定句中,构成 not...until ...句型,意为“直到……才……”(某一动作到另一动作或状态出现时才发生)。
Jim didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.吉姆直到完成作业才去睡觉。
注意:
(1)until 用于肯定句中,一般可译为“直到……为止”;此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为延续性动词,如 live,wait,last,stay,work,continue 等。until用于否定句中时,一般可译为“直到……才……”;此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词。
(2)until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即“主将从现”。
例:He won’t leave home until you call. 直到你打电话,他才会离开家。
【图解】
(1)Let’s wait ________ the rain stops.
A.so B.while C.since D.until
(2)这个女孩直到爸爸回来才去睡觉。
The girl go to sleep her father came back.
考点5 辨析:die、dead、death与dying
知识归纳
dead adj. 不运行的;死亡的;死寂的;adv. 完全地(如dead tired)
【注意】be dead(持续状态);dead silence 死寂“去世多久”用 has been dead(≠ has died)
1. 词形变式
单词
词性
含义
例句
die
v.
死亡(不及物)
The old dog died last month.
death
n.
死亡;去世
His death made us sad.
dying
adj.
垂死的
The doctor saved the dying cat.
(1)His grandfather ______ in 2020.
A. dead B. death C. died D. dying
(2)改错题:My aunt has died for five years.
考点6 三个“借”
知识归纳
borrow,lend 与 keep辨析
单词
含义
用法
borrow
借入;借来
borrow sth.from sb. 表示主语向别人借东西
lend
借给;借出
lend sth.to sb.=lend sb.sth. 表示主语把东西借给某人
keep
保存;借
“keep sth.for+一段时间”表示借多长时间
注:(1)borrow 和 lend 都是非延续性动词,不能与一段时间连用;keep 是延续性动词,可以与一段时间连用。
(2)return 意为“归还”,相当于 give back;return sth.to sb.意为“把某物归还给某人”。
【例句】
I borrowed a magazine from Mary. 我向玛丽借了一本杂志。
He lent his pen to me.=He lent me his pen. 他把他的钢笔借给了我。
—How long can I keep this book? 这本书我可以借多长时间?—For two weeks./Two weeks. 两周。
(1)— Could I _______ the book for two more days?— Sorry, you can’t. You must follow our rules.
A.borrow B.lend C.keep
(2)—Can I ______ Robinson Crusoe, Mrs. Lee?—Of course, but you can only ______ it for a week.
A.borrow; lend B.lend; borrow C.borrow; keep D.lend; keep
考点7 alone与lonely辨析
知识归纳
单词
用法
lonely
lonely只用作形容词,它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语,表示“孤独的;寂寞的;偏僻的”。该词带有浓厚的感情色彩
alone
alone用作形容词时,只作表语和后置定语,意为“只,只有,仅仅;孤身一人的”;
alone用作副词时,表示“独自地;单独地”。alone相当于by oneself,在句中作方式状语
【例句】
I was traveling alone in the lonely island.I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone.
我独自在人迹罕至的岛上旅行。虽然孤身一人,但我并不感到寂寞。
【注意】
lonely是形容词,容易被误认为是副词的类似形容词还有friendly“友好的”,motherly“慈母般的”,brotherly“兄弟似的”,lovely“可爱的”,lively“鲜艳的;生气勃勃的”等。
(1)— The old man lives ________, so he may feel ________.— We should visit him twice a month.
A.alone; lonely B.lonely; alone C.alone; alone
(2)The old man lives _______, but he doesn’t feel _______.
A.alone, alone B.alone, lonely
C.lonely, alone D.lonely, lonely
考点8 三个“大声”
辨析aloud、loud与loudly
单词
含义与用法
aloud
副词,重点在出声能让人听见,常用在读书或说话上。aloud通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式
loud
可作形容词或副词,作副词时意为“响亮地;大声;高声地”,常与speak、talk、laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后
loudly
意为“响亮地;喧闹地”,其基本意义与loud相同,还常与ring、knock等动词连用
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
loudly aloud loud
1.He does not talk or laugh in public.
2.Reading is very important in learning a foreign language.
3.I can't hear you clearly. Please speak a little .
考点9 四个“参加”
❆join,join in,take part in 与 attend辨析
这四个词(短语)都有“参加”的意思,具体区别如下:
单词/短语
用法
例句
join
指加入某党派、团体、组织等,并成为其成员之一,意为“入党,入团,参军” 等。
His brother joined the army three years ago.
他哥哥是三年前参军的。
和某人一起做某事,其结构为:join sb.in(doing)sth.
Come and join us in the discussion!
来和我们一起讨论吧!
join in
多指参加小规模的活动,如 “球赛、游戏”等,多用于日常口语。
May I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗?
take part in
指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥(积极)作用。
He took part in the school sports meeting yesterday.
昨天他参加了学校的运动会。
attend
正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼;去上课、上学、听报告或讲座等。
She didn’t attend the meeting last Friday.
上周五她没有参加会议。
注:take part in 是惯用词组,part 前一般不用冠词,但 part 前有形容词修饰时,要用不定冠词。如:
take an active part in 积极参加
用take part in, join, join in或attend的适当形式填空。
1.He the English club last term.
2.Why didn't you Jim's party yesterday?
3.Many very important people will the meeting tomorrow.
4.They will the contest.
考点10 四个“除了”
except,besides,except for 与 but 辨析
except
表示一种排除关系,except 后跟内容(与整体是同类)不包括在内,常与 all,everyone 等不定代词连用。
We all went to the zoo last Sunday except Jane. 除了简之外,上个星期天我们都去动物园了。
besides
“除……之外(还)”,表示一种累加关系,besides 后跟内容包括在内。
Amy is good at dancing besides singing.
除唱歌外,埃米还擅长跳舞。
except for
说明整体情况后,对细节加以修正,指从整体中除去一个细节(与整体不是同类),表示“美中不足的是”。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了几处语法错误外,你的作文写得很好。
but
常与 nobody/nothing/no one 等表示否定意义的不定代词连用,与 except 同义。
Nobody knew his name but/except me.
除了我之外,没人知道他的名字。
【注意】
(1)besides 还可用作副词,意为“而且,再说”。
(2)except 还可用作连词,意为“除了;只是”,后接从句。
(1)Music makes our life colourful, and helps us to relax. ________, English songs can also help us learn English.
A.Except B.Besides C.As D.But
(2)John had a cold. Everyone was at the party ________ him.
A.except B.beside C.without D.Against
考点11 pleasant的用法
pleasure,pleased,please与pleasant辨析
pleasure
名词,意为“高兴;愉快;满意”,多用于口语中
-Thank you for helping me!-It’s my/a pleasure.
-Could you help me clean the living room?
-With pleasure. 我很乐意。
It is a pleasure to meet you.很高兴认识你。
pleased
形容词,意为“高兴;愉快;满意”,通常作表语,句子的主语是人,常用短语:be pleased with sb./sth.或 be pleased to do sth.
We are very pleased with our new house.
我们对我们的新房很满意。
please
作及物动词时,表示“使高兴、满意、愉快”等;作不及物动词时,表示“想,选择,喜欢”等
The good news pleased the family.
这个好消息使全家人很高兴。
pleasant
形容词,意为“令人愉快的;宜人的”,常作定语
a pleasant climate/evening/place令人愉快的气候/夜晚/地方
I hope you have a pleasant trip.我希望你旅途愉快。
(1)The old couple were _______ because they had a _______ trip in Australia.
A.pleased; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant
C.pleasant; pleased D.please; pleased
(2)—Would you please help me with the box? —________.
A.Yes, please B.No, please don’t C.My pleasure D.With pleasure
考点12 population相关用法
population n.人口
【注意】
表示“某地(城市、地区或国家)有多少人口”时,还可用句型“The population of+某地+be+数词.”。
【例句】
The world’s population is growing faster and faster. 世界人口增长得越来越快。
Three quarters of the population are farmers. 四分之三的人口是农民。
The population of China is very large. 中国人口众多。
What’s the population of this town?这个城镇有多少人口?
The population of the city is about 5 million.
=The city has a population of about 5 million. 这座城市大约有五百万人口。
(1)The population of Heilongjiang is ________ than ________ of Shanghai. The birthrate is low, so our government encourages a second or a third child.
A.smaller; those B.less; it C.smaller; that
(2)Two thirds of the population in that faraway village ________ farmers.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
考点13 四个“希望”
expect, wish, hope与look forward to辨析
单词/短语
含义及用法
expect
意为“预料,期待,认为某事会发生”。常见搭配:
(1)expect (sb.) to do sth.期望(某人)做某事 (2)expect+that... 期望……
wish
意为“希望”,后接从句时,从句常用虚拟语气,侧重不太可能实现的愿望。常见搭配:
(1)wish sb. sth.祝愿某人某事(2)wish (sb.) to do sth.希望(某人)做某事
(3)wish+从句 希望……
hope
意为“希望”,更多地表达一种情感。常见搭配:
(1)hope to do sth.希望做某事(2)hope+that... 希望……
look forward to
意为“盼望,期待”,常用于表达期望或向往某物或做某事。常见搭配:
look forward to sth.期待某物look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
(1)You’re expected (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
(2)我们每个人都期待一个美好的未来。(汉译英)
Each of us is to a good future.
考点14 number的搭配
知识归纳
the number of 与 a number of辨析
短语
用法
the number of
意为“……的数量”,中心词为number,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
a number of
意为“许多……”,中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
【例句】
The number of teachers in the school is 300. 学校里老师的数量是300.
A number of them are women doctors. 她们中许多人是女医生。
【注意】
a number of中的number前面可用small/large/great等修饰,表示程度。
Doctors believe a large number of people are at risk. 医生们认为大部分人有危险。
(1)In our school library, there _________ a number of books on art. The number of the books _________ still growing larger and larger.
A.is; is B.are; is C.is; are D.are; are
(2)The number of people invited ________ fifty, but a number of them ________ absent for different reasons.
A.was; were B.was; was C.were; was D.were; were
考点15 lively 的相关词
live,alive,lively与living辨析
live
活的;现场直播的;现场演出的,只修饰物,只作前置定语
a live fish 一条活鱼
The club has live music most nights.
该俱乐部大多数晚上有现场演奏的音乐。
alive
活着;在世,指人或物,作表语、宾补或后置定语
We don’t know whether he’s alive or dead.
我们不知道他是死是活。
living
活着的;健在的;在使用的,指人或物,作表语或定语
living languages 现用语言
lively
充满趣味的;充满生气的,指人或物,作表语、宾补或前置定语
a lively girl 一个充满活力的女孩
(1)The documentary For the Sake of Peace(《为了和平》)brings the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争) ________ on screen.
A.living B.lively C.alive D.live
(2)Though she is disabled, the ______ girl teaches children drawing for a(an) _____. She always brings animals_____ on the paper.
A.living; live; alive B.live; living; lively C.lively; living; alive D.lively; alive; living
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