Unit 1 water 词汇 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 1 water 词汇精讲 1 学生版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. rest 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. After running for an hour, she stopped ______ (rest) under the tree. 2. You should make good use of ______ (rest) time to review lessons. 3. The decision ______ (rest) on how much money we can raise. 4. 翻译&写作练习：长途旅行后，我们都需要好好休息。 ____________________________________________________________ 2. rare 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. He ______ (rare) eats junk food because he cares about health. 2. —Is the steak well - done? —No, I’d like it rare.(rare意思是_______________) 3. It’s r______ for him to be late—he’s always on time. 4. 翻译&写作练习：在这个地区，看到野生老虎是很罕见的。 ______________________________________________________ 3. presentation 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. She spent hours preparing for the ______ (present) tomorrow. 2. The company will ______ (presentation) a new product at the meeting. 3. His ______ (present) on environmental protection was praised by teachers. 4. —Who will be present at the meeting?(present意思是___________) —All department leaders. 5. 翻译&写作练习：为了做好这次展示，他反复练习演讲。 ________________________________________________________. 4. chemical 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. ______ (Chemistry) changes happen when you bake a cake. 2. The factory was fined for dumping ______ (chemical) into the river. 3. Studying ______ (chemist) can help us understand how substances interact. 4. 翻译&写作练习：这些有害化学品对环境造成了极大伤害。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. treatment 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 课堂练习 1. The new ______ (treat) for cancer gives patients more hope. 2. The doctor ______ (treatment) his injury carefully and advised rest. 3. —How is his ______ (treat) going? —He’s responding well to the medicine. 4. 翻译&写作练习：这种新的治疗方法已经帮助了很多患者。 ______________________________________________________. 6. include 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 课堂练习 1. The price of the tour ______ (include) meals and accommodation. 2. Many students, ______ (include) Tom, are interested in the project. 3. The book, with a CD ______ (include), is very popular. 4. 翻译&写作练习：这个活动包括一场讲座和一些实践活动。 ________________________________________________________ 7. research 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 课堂练习 1. She is doing ______ (research) on ancient civilizations for her paper. 2. The team ______ (research) the effects of climate change for years. 3. Many ______ (research) are working together to develop a new vaccine. 4. 翻译&写作练习：他花费了数月时间研究这种植物的生长习性。 ________________________________________________________________ 8. agree 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. I ______ (agree) with your opinion—we needn’t start early. 2. They finally reached an ______ (agree) to the plan after a long discussion. 3. His words don’t ______ (agreement) with his actions, which makes people unhappy. 4. 翻译&写作练习：我们都同意在周末去参加志愿者活动。 __________________________________________________________ 9. energy-saving 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 1. We should use more e_________ products to protect the environment. 2. The government encourages people to take ________________ actions, like using public transport. 3. Using energy - saving appliances can r_________ electricity bills. 4. 翻译&写作练习：我们学校安装了许多节能设备来减少能源消耗。 ______________________________________________________. 10. indirect 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) The article makes an ______ attack on the government's policy. (2) She answered the question ______, avoiding a direct response. (3) 翻译：他通过间接渠道获得了这个消息。 ____________________________________________________ 小试牛刀你最棒 ★词性转换练习 1. The new _____________ (chemistry) formula has potential applications in industry. 2. After the ______________ (treat), the patient's condition improved gradually. 3. We need to do more______________ (researcher) to solve this scientific puzzle. 4. Her ______________ (present) at the conference was highly praised. 5. It's a ______________ (rarely) opportunity to meet such a famous expert. 6. They______________ (agreement) on the plan after a long discussion. 7. Using ______________ (energy) bulbs helps reduce electricity costs. 8. The ______________ (indirectly) effect of the policy surprised many people. 9. You should take a______________ (restful) after finishing the heavy work. 10. The______________ (chemist) reaction produced a strange - smelling gas 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 water 词汇精讲 2 学生版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. desert 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 课堂练习 (1) The soldier was punished for ___________ his post during the mission.（desert） (2) Many ancient cities were ____________ due to natural disasters.（deserted） (3) What will happen if a soldier ____ his duty? A. deserts B. deserted C. has deserted D. will desert (4) 翻译&写作练习：他因在战争期间抛弃家人而受到谴责。 He was condemned for _________________________during the war. 2. corner 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) A cat is hiding ________ the corner of the room. (2) The police _________ the suspect in a dead-end alley. (3) When you see a shop ________ the street, turn left. A. at the corner of B. in the corner of C. on the corner of D. around the corner of (4) 翻译&写作练习：拐角处有一家新开业的咖啡店。 There is a _________________ coffee shop________________________. 3. shine 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) The sun ____ brightly in the clear sky.（shine) (2) Her eyes ____ with excitement when she heard the good news.（shine） (3) 翻译&写作练习：她的表演使她在晚会上大放异彩。 ________________________________________________. 4. forward 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) We are all _____________ to the summer vacation.（期待） (2) Please f_____________ this email to all the team members. (3) A ____________ thinking person is always open to new ideas. A. forward B. forwards C. forwardly D. forwarding (4) 翻译&写作练习：我们期待着与新同学见面。 We _______________________ meeting the new classmates. 5. pour 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) Rain ____ down from the sky, making everyone wet.（poured） (2) People ____ into the concert hall as soon as the doors opened. A. poured B. pour C. have poured D. will pour (4) A ____ of letters came to him after his new book was published. (5) 翻译&写作练习：他把咖啡倒进杯子，然后开始工作。 He ________________________________ and then started to work. 6. precious 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) Every p_______ moment with family should be cherished. (2) This is one of the____ chance, so don't waste it. A. precious B. more precious C. most precious D. preciously (3) The precious stone was ______________ from generation to generation.（传承） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该珍惜宝贵的自然资源。 We should ____________________________________. 7. limited 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) Our natural resources are ________, so we should save them.（limit） (2) His knowledge of the subject is ________ _______ what he learned in high school.（limit） (3) The number of tickets is ____, so buy them quickly. A. limited B. limiting C. limit D. limitation (4) The company, a ____, has a good reputation in the market.（limited） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们的时间有限，所以要高效工作。 _____________________, so we should work efficiently. 8. spread 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) The news of victory ________ quickly across the country.（spread） (2) The fire ____ rapidly because of the strong wind. A. spread B. spreads C. spreaded D. spreading (3) The ____ of the disease is a major concern for the government.（spread） (4) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该传播正能量，让社会更美好。 We should _______________________________ to make the society better 9. raise 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) They plan to ____ money for the local charity.（筹钱） (2) He ____ his voice to make himself ___________(hear) in the noisy room.（raised） (3) The farmer ____ many cows on his farm. A. raises B. raise C. raised D. raising (4) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该提高对环境保护的意识。 We should ___________________________________________. 10. awareness 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) Public ____________ of healthy eating habits is increasing.（aware） (2) We need to r__________ a___________ among students about the importance of safety. (3) Everyone should be ____ of the danger of smoking. A. aware B. awareness C. unaware D. awarenesses (4) The man was ____ of the danger of smoking and at last died of cancer.（awareness） (5) 翻译&写作练习：提高公众对野生动物保护的意识是很重要的。 It's very important to_______________________________________________. 小试牛刀你最棒 ★词性转换练习 1. The desert landscape looks lonely under the sun. But some plants can survive in such a ___________ (desert) environment. 2. There's a small shop _________ the corner of the street. 3. The sun ________ (shine) brightly yesterday. Its ________ (shine) light made everything warm. 4. We should look forward to the future. A ________________ (forward) plan can help us achieve more. 5. Tears ______________ (pour) down her face. The ___________ (pour) rain outside seemed to match her sadness. 6. Time is p________. We should make good use of every minute, for it has ____________ (precious) that can't be bought. 7. Our natural resources are l_________ (limited). We need to find ways to deal with this l________________ (limit). 8. News ________ (spread) quickly all over the town. The ____________ (spread) of the good news made everyone happy. 9. They want to r_________ money for the poor. The ________ (raise) of funds will start next week. 10. We need to increase ___________ (aware) of environmental protection. An aware public can make a big difference. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 water 词汇精讲 1 教师版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. rest v. 休息；使休息；（被）支撑；（使）倚靠；安息 ；n. 休息；剩余部分；休止；休息时间 词性转换 • restful （adj. 使人休息的；安静的 ） • restless （adj. 坐立不安的；不耐烦的 ） 常考搭配 • rest on/upon （依赖；取决于；以……为基础 ） • take a rest （休息一下 ） • the rest of （其余的；剩下的 ） 微语境练习 1. After running for an hour, she stopped ______ (rest) under the tree. 2. You should make good use of ______ (rest) time to review lessons. 3. The decision ______ (rest) on how much money we can raise. 4. 翻译&写作练习：长途旅行后，我们都需要好好休息。 ____________________________________________________________ 课后巩固 1. They plan to ______ (rest) for a while after finishing the heavy work.（rest ，plan to do sth. ，用动词原形 ） 2. Most of the apples are eaten, and ______ (rest) are left for tomorrow.（the rest ，指代剩下的苹果 ） 3. Choose the correct sentence: ______（B ，A选项rest形式错误；C选项rested时态语境不符；D选项resting不能作谓语 ） A. The team rest on their past success. B. The result rests on careful calculation. C. She rested on the project before, but now changes. D. Resting the hope on others is not good. 进门考 1. After the long hike, everyone was eager to find a place ______ (rest).（to rest ，动词不定式作后置定语 ） 2. —Do you want some cake? —No, thanks. I’ll have ______ (rest) of my sandwich.（the rest ，“the rest of...”表示“……的剩余部分” ） 2. rare 词性及含义 adj. 稀有的；珍贵的；（肉）半熟的；不常发生的 词性转换 rarely （adv. 很少地；罕有地 ） 常考搭配 • rare animal （珍稀动物 ） • rare opportunity （难得的机会 ） • rare illness （罕见疾病 ） 课堂练习 1. Such ______ (rare) flowers can only be found in deep forests.（rare ，形容词修饰名词“flowers” ） 2. He ______ (rare) eats junk food because he cares about health.（rarely ，副词修饰动词“eats” ） 3. —Is the steak well - done? —No, I’d like it ______ (rare).（rare ，此处是形容词作宾语补足语，表示“半熟的” ） 4. It’s ______ (rare) for him to be late—he’s always on time.（rare ，“It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构 ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：在这个地区，看到野生老虎是很罕见的。 It’s rare to see wild tigers in this area. 课后巩固 1. ______ (Rare) animals need our protection to survive.（Rare ，形容词修饰名词“animals” ） 2. She ______ (rare) goes out at night as she dislikes the dark.（rarely ，副词修饰动词“goes” ） 3. The dish is made of ______ (rare) ingredients, so it tastes special.（rare ，形容词修饰名词“ingredients” ） 进门考 1. ______ (Rarely) did she miss a class, which made her one of the best students.（Rarely ，副词置于句首，句子部分倒装 ） 2. It’s a ______ (rare) chance to meet the famous author in person.（rare ，形容词修饰名词“chance” ） 3. presentation 词性及含义 n. 展示；报告；授予；外观 词性转换 • present （v. 呈现；赠送；提出 ；adj. 目前的；在场的 ） • presenter （n. 展示者；主持人 ） 常考搭配 • give a presentation （做报告；进行展示 ） • presentation skills （展示技巧 ） • visual presentation （视觉展示 ） 课堂练习 1. She spent hours preparing for the ______ (present) tomorrow.（presentation ，名词作介词“for”的宾语 ） 2. The company will ______ (presentation) a new product at the meeting.（present ，动词作谓语，“will + 动词原形” ） 3. His ______ (present) on environmental protection was praised by teachers.（presentation ，名词作主语 ） 4. —Who will be ______ (present) at the meeting? —All department leaders.（present ，形容词作表语，“在场的” ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：为了做好这次展示，他反复练习演讲。 To do well in this presentation, he practiced the speech repeatedly. 课后巩固 1. The students are busy making slides for their group ______ (presentation).（presentation ，名词，“小组展示” ） 2. He ______ (present) his ideas clearly during the meeting and got approval.（presented ，一般过去时，描述过去会议上的动作 ） 3. A good ______ (present) should be both informative and interesting.（presentation ，名词作主语 ） 进门考 1. The ______ (present) of the new policy was welcomed by the public.（presentation ，名词，“新政策的展示/发布” ） 2. She is a talented ______ (present) and often hosts school events.（presenter ，名词，“展示者；主持人” ） 4. chemical 词性及含义 • adj. 化学的；用化学方法制造的 • n. 化学品；化学物质 词性转换 • chemistry （n. 化学 ） • chemist （n. 化学家；药剂师 ） 常考搭配 • chemical reaction （化学反应 ） • chemical industry （化学工业 ） • harmful chemicals （有害化学品 ） 课堂练习 1. ______ (Chemistry) changes happen when you bake a cake.（Chemical ，形容词修饰名词“changes” ，“化学反应” ） 2. The factory was fined for dumping ______ (chemical) into the river.（chemicals ，名词复数，“化学品” ） 3. —What’s this ______ (chemical) used for? —It helps clean the floor.（chemical ，名词，“化学物质” ） 4. Studying ______ (chemistry) can help us understand how substances interact.（chemistry ，名词，“化学学科” ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：这些有害化学品对环境造成了极大伤害。 These harmful chemicals have caused great harm to the environment. 课后巩固 1. ______ (Chemical) fertilizers can improve crop growth but may pollute soil.（Chemical ，形容词修饰名词“fertilizers” ） 2. A ______ (chemist) is researching new ways to recycle waste.（chemist ，名词，“化学家” ） 3. The lab stores many different ______ (chemical) for experiments.（chemicals ，名词复数 ） 进门考 1. ______ (Chemistry) is a fascinating subject that explores matter and its changes.（Chemistry ，名词，“化学学科” ） 2. The new ______ (chemical) developed by the company is safe for household use.（chemical ，名词，“化学物质” ） 5. treatment 词性及含义 n. 治疗，疗法；处理；对待 词性转换 • treat （v. 治疗；对待；款待 ；n. 款待；请客 ） 常考搭配 • medical treatment （医疗治疗 ） • treatment method （治疗方法 ） • fair treatment （公平对待 ） 课堂练习 1. The new ______ (treat) for cancer gives patients more hope.（treatment ，名词作主语 ） 2. The doctor ______ (treatment) his injury carefully and advised rest.（treated ，动词作谓语，一般过去时 ） 3. —How is his ______ (treat) going? —He’s responding well to the medicine.（treatment ，名词，“治疗过程” ） 4. Everyone deserves ______ (fair) treatment in the workplace.（fair ，形容词修饰名词“treatment” ，“公平对待” ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：这种新的治疗方法已经帮助了很多患者。 This new treatment method has helped many patients. 课后巩固 1. She received ______ (treat) for her illness at a specialized hospital.（treatment ，名词 ） 2. It’s important to ______ (treat) others with kindness and respect.（treat ，动词，“对待” ，“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构 ） 3. The ______ (treat) of waste water costs the factory a lot of money.（treatment ，名词，“废水处理” ） 进门考 1. The ______ (treat) of the disease requires a combination of medicine and therapy.（treatment ，名词 ） 2. He decided to ______ (treat) himself to a nice dinner after passing the exam.（treat ，动词，“款待自己” ） 6. include 词性及含义 v. 包含，包括；使成为……的一部分 词性转换 • including （prep. 包括……在内 ） • inclusion （n. 包含；加入 ） 常考搭配 • include...in... （把……包含在……内 ） • included （adj. 包括在内的 ，常置于名词后 ） 课堂练习 1. The price of the tour ______ (include) meals and accommodation.（includes ，一般现在时，主语“price”是单数 ） 2. Many students, ______ (include) Tom, are interested in the project.（including ，介词，“包括……在内” ） 3. —Does the list ______ (include) all the team members? —Yes, everyone is on it.（include ，动词原形，一般疑问句中 ） 4. The book, with a CD ______ (include), is very popular.（included ，形容词作后置定语，“包括在内的” ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：这个活动包括一场讲座和一些实践活动。 This activity includes a lecture and some practical activities. 课后巩固 1. All expenses, such as tickets and hotels, are ______ (include) in the package.（included ，形容词，“包括在内的” ） 2. She plans to ______ (include) her hobby of painting in the school exhibition.（include ，动词，“把……包含在内” ） 3. The team, ______ (include) three new members, will start the project next week.（including ，介词 ） 进门考 1. The course ______ (include) ten units, each focusing on a different topic.（includes ，一般现在时 ） 2. ______ (Include) fresh fruits in your diet is good for health.（Including ，动名词作主语 ） 7. research 词性及含义 • n. 研究；调查 • v. 研究；调查 词性转换 • researcher （n. 研究者；调研人员 ） 常考搭配 • do research on （对……进行研究 ） • research project （研究项目 ） • scientific research （科学研究 ） 课堂练习 1. She is doing ______ (research) on ancient civilizations for her paper.（research ，名词，“研究” ） 2. The team ______ (research) the effects of climate change for years.（has researched ，现在完成时，“for years”提示 ） 3. —What’s the purpose of this ______ (research)? —To find a solution to the problem.（research ，名词 ） 4. Many ______ (researcher) are working together to develop a new vaccine.（researchers ，名词复数 ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：他花费了数月时间研究这种植物的生长习性。 He spent months researching the growth habits of this plant. 课后巩固 1. The university has a lot of ______ (research) projects in the field of technology.（research ，名词修饰名词 ） 2. They plan to ______ (research) how to reduce plastic waste in daily life.（research ，动词 ） 3. A group of ______ (research) from different countries attended the conference.（researchers ，名词复数 ） 进门考 1. ______ (Research) shows that exercise is beneficial for both body and mind.（Research ，名词作主语 ） 2. The young ______ (researcher) made a breakthrough in his field.（researcher ，名词 ） 8. agree 词性及含义 v. 同意，赞成；承认；约定，商定 词性转换 • agreement （n. 同意；协定 ） • disagree （v. 不同意；意见不合 ） 常考搭配 • agree with （同意某人的意见；与……相符 ，常接人或观点、说法 ） • agree to （同意；赞成，常接计划、建议等 ） • agree on （就……达成一致 ，常接具体事项 ） 课堂练习 1. I ______ (agree) with your opinion—we should start early.（agree ，一般现在时 ） 2. They finally ______ (agree) to the plan after a long discussion.（agreed ，一般过去时 ） 3. —Can we ______ (agree) on a time for the meeting? —How about 3 o’clock?（agree ，动词原形 ） 4. His words don’t ______ (agreement) with his actions, which makes people unhappy.（agree ，动词，“与……相符” ，“don’t + 动词原形” ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：我们都同意在周末去参加志愿者活动。 We all agree to take part in volunteer activities on weekends. 课后巩固 1. After talking, they reached an ______ (agree) on the project details.（agreement ，名词，“达成一致” ） 2. If you ______ (disagree) with the decision, speak up now.（disagree ，动词，“不同意” ） 3. The weather forecast ______ (agree) with what we experienced yesterday.（agreed ，一般过去时，“与……相符” ） 进门考 1. They ______ (agree) to meet at the library, but it started to rain.（agreed ，一般过去时 ） 2. An ______ (agree) was signed between the two companies to cooperate.（agreement ，名词 ） 9. energy - saving 词性及含义 adj. 节能的 词性转换 • energy （n. 能量；精力 ） • save energy （v. 节约能源 ） 常考搭配 • energy - saving lamp （节能灯 ） • energy - saving measures （节能措施 ） • energy - saving building （节能建筑 ） 课堂练习 1. We should use more ______ (energy - saving) products to protect the environment.（energy - saving ，形容词修饰名词“products” ） 2. The government encourages people to take ______ (energy - saving) actions, like using public transport.（energy - saving ，形容词 ） 3. —What’s special about this house? —It’s an ______ (energy - saving) building with solar panels.（energy - saving ，形容词 ） 4. Using ______ (energy - saving) appliances can reduce electricity bills.（energy - saving ，形容词 ） 5. 翻译&写作练习：我们学校安装了许多节能设备来减少能源消耗。 Our school has installed many energy - saving devices to reduce energy consumption. 课后巩固 1. Many families are switching to ______ (energy - saving) light bulbs.（energy - saving ，形容词 ） 2. The company developed an ______ (energy - saving) technology for factories.（energy - saving ，形容词 ） 10. indirect 词性及含义 形容词：间接的；迂回的；不直截了当的，指通过中间媒介或步骤达成的，而非直接的 。例：indirect communication（间接沟通）、an indirect route（迂回路线）。 词性转换 • indirectly adv. 间接地，如 affect indirectly（间接影响）。 • direct adj. 直接的；v. 指导（反义词），如 direct conversation（直接对话）。 常考搭配 • indirect method 间接方法；indirect question 间接疑问句；indirect evidence 间接证据。 课堂练习 (1) The article makes an ______ attack on the government's policy.（indirect） (2) She answered the question ______, avoiding a direct response.（indirectly） (3) “What did he say?” is a direct question, while “Do you know what he said?” is an ______ question.（indirect） (4) 翻译：他通过间接渠道获得了这个消息。 课后巩固 (1) The study shows a(n) ______ link between stress and health problems.（indirect） (2) The team had to take an ______ path due to the blocked road.（indirect） 进门考 (1) The movie uses ______ hints to suggest the character's past.（indirect） (2) The report provides ______ evidence of the company's financial issues.（indirect） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 water 词汇精讲 2 教师版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. desert 词性及含义 • v. 抛弃；遗弃；离弃；擅离（某地） ；n. 沙漠；荒漠；荒原 词性转换 • desertion n. 遗弃；开小差 ；deserted adj. 被遗弃的；荒芜的 常考搭配 • desert one's post 擅离职守 ；a desert island 荒岛 课堂练习 (1) The soldier was punished for deserting his post during the mission.（desert） (2) Many ancient cities were deserted due to natural disasters.（deserted） (3) What will happen if a soldier ____ his duty? A. deserts B. deserted C. has deserted D. will desert (4) The vast ____ in the north is a harsh living environment.（desert） (5) 翻译&写作练习：他因在战争期间抛弃家人而受到谴责。 He was condemned for deserting his family during the war. 课后巩固 (1) It's immoral to ____ a pet that depends on you.（desert） (2) The old town, once prosperous, is now a ____ place.（deserted） 进门考 (1) The officer was dismissed for ____ his post without permission.（desert） (2) In the middle of the ____, there's a small oasis.（desert） 2. corner 词性及含义 • n. 角；角落；拐角；（物体的）边角 ；v. 使陷入困境；把……逼入绝境；垄断（市场） 词性转换 • cornered adj. 陷入困境的 ；cornering n. 转弯；垄断 常考搭配 • around the corner 即将来临；在附近 ；in the corner of 在……的角落里 课堂练习 (1) A cat is hiding ____ the corner of the room.（in） (2) The police ____ the suspect in a dead - end alley.（cornered） (3) When you see a shop ____ the street, turn left. A. at the corner of B. in the corner of C. on the corner of D. around the corner of (4) The little girl sat ____, reading a book quietly.（in the corner） (5) 翻译&写作练习：拐角处有一家新开业的咖啡店。 There is a newly - opened coffee shop at the corner. 课后巩固 (1) The thief was ____ by the police after a chase.（cornered） (2) There's a beautiful flower vase on ____ the table.（in the corner of） 进门考 (1) A small bookstore is located ____ the street and the avenue.（at the corner of） (2) The company tried to ____ the market of this product.（corner） 3. shine 词性及含义 • v. 发光；照耀；使杰出；擦亮 ；n. 光泽；光亮；擦亮 词性转换 • shiny adj. 闪亮的；有光泽的 ；shiner n. 发光体；擦亮的人 常考搭配 • shine a light on 照亮；使……清楚明白 ；shine at 擅长 课堂练习 (1) The sun ____ brightly in the clear sky.（shines） (2) Her eyes ____ with excitement when she heard the good news.（shone） (3) He can always ____ in difficult situations. A. shine B. shines C. shone D. shining (4) Give your shoes a good ____ to make them look new.（shine） (5) 翻译&写作练习：她的表演使她在晚会上大放异彩。 Her performance made her shine at the party. 课后巩固 (1) The stars ____ brightly on summer nights.（shine） (2) This brand of shoe polish can give your shoes a long - lasting ____.（shine） 进门考 (1) The diamond ____ with a brilliant light under the lamp.（shines） (2) He used a cloth to ____ his shoes before the interview.（shine） 4. forward 词性及含义 • adv. 向前；前进；向将来 ；adj. 向前的；未来的；热心的 ；v. 发送；转寄；促进 词性转换 • forwarding n. 转发；促进 ；forwarder n. 转发器；促进者 常考搭配 • look forward to 期待；盼望 ；forward sth. to sb. 把某物转发给某人 课堂练习 (1) We are all ____ to the summer vacation.（looking forward） (2) Please ____ this email to all the team members.（forward） (3) A ____ thinking person is always open to new ideas. A. forward B. forwards C. forwardly D. forwarding (4) He took a ____ step towards his goal.（forward） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们期待着与新同学见面。 We are looking forward to meeting the new classmates. 课后巩固 (1) She ____ the package to her friend in another city.（forwarded） (2) With a ____ attitude, we can overcome many difficulties.（forward） 进门考 (1) They are ____ to starting their new project next week.（looking forward） (2) Can you ____ this letter to the manager's office?（forward） 5. pour 词性及含义 • v. 倒；灌；倾泻；涌流 ；n. 倾泻；大雨 词性转换 • pourer n. 倒……的人；浇注工 ；pouring n. 浇注；倾泻 常考搭配 • pour down 倾盆而下 ；pour into 涌入；倒入 课堂练习 (1) She ____ the milk into the glass carefully.（poured） (2) Rain ____ down from the sky, making everyone wet.（poured） (3) People ____ into the concert hall as soon as the doors opened. A. poured B. pour C. have poured D. will pour (4) A ____ of letters came to him after his new book was published.（pour） (5) 翻译&写作练习：他把咖啡倒进杯子，然后开始工作。 He poured the coffee into the cup and then started to work. 课后巩固 (1) Tears ____ from her eyes when she heard the sad news.（poured） (2) The workers ____ concrete into the mold.（poured） 进门考 (1) When it rains heavily, water ____ off the roof.（pours） (2) A large number of tourists ____ into the scenic spot every holiday.（pour） 6. precious 词性及含义 • adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的；矫揉造作的 ；adv. 非常；极其 词性转换 • preciousness n. 珍贵；宝贵 ；preciously adv. 昂贵地；仔细地 常考搭配 • precious time 宝贵时间 ；precious metals 贵金属 课堂练习 (1) Every ____ moment with family should be cherished.（precious） (2) The old photo is a ____ memory of her childhood.（precious） (3) This is a ____ chance, so don't waste it. A. precious B. more precious C. most precious D. preciously (4) The ____ stone was passed down from generation to generation.（precious） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该珍惜宝贵的自然资源。 We should cherish the precious natural resources. 课后巩固 (1) Her ____ advice helped me a lot in my career.（precious） (2) Time is ____, so we should make good use of it.（precious） 进门考 (1) The ____ gift from my grandmother is always in my heart.（precious） (2) These ____ jewels are well - protected in the museum.（precious） 7. limited 词性及含义 • adj. 有限的；受限制的 ；n. （公司）有限公司（常缩写为Ltd） 词性转换 • limit v. 限制；限定 ；limitation n. 限制；局限 常考搭配 • limited resources 有限资源 ；be limited to 限于 课堂练习 (1) Our natural resources are ____, so we should save them.（limited） (2) His knowledge of the subject is ____ to what he learned in high school.（limited） (3) The number of tickets is ____, so buy them quickly. A. limited B. limiting C. limit D. limitation (4) The company, a ____, has a good reputation in the market.（limited） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们的时间有限，所以要高效工作。 Our time is limited, so we should work efficiently. 课后巩固 (1) The access to this area is ____ to authorized personnel only.（limited） (2) Due to ____ funds, the project has to be postponed.（limited） 进门考 (1) The ability of this machine is ____ by its old software.（limited） (2) A ____ company usually has “Ltd” at the end of its name.（limited） 8. spread 词性及含义 • v. 传播；展开；散布；蔓延 ；n. 传播；蔓延；范围 词性转换 • spreadable adj. 可传播的；可涂抹的 ；spreader n. 传播者；涂抹器 常考搭配 • spread out 展开；铺开 ；spread the word 传播消息 课堂练习 (1) The news of victory ____ quickly across the country.（spread） (2) She ____ a picnic blanket on the grass.（spread） (3) The fire ____ rapidly because of the strong wind. A. spread B. spreads C. spreaded D. spreading (4) The ____ of the disease is a major concern for the government.（spread） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该传播正能量，让社会更美好。 We should spread positive energy to make the society better. 课后巩固 (1) The rumor ____ like wildfire in the small town.（spread） (2) He ____ his arms and welcomed the guests.（spread） 进门考 (1) The ____ of new technology has improved people's lives.（spread） (2) They ____ the map on the table to plan the route.（spread） 9. raise 词性及含义 • v. 提高；筹集；养育；升起 ；n. 加薪；提高 词性转换 • raiser n. 筹集者；养育者 ；raising n. 提高；养育 常考搭配 • raise money 筹集资金 ；raise one's hand 举手 课堂练习 (1) They plan to ____ money for the local charity.（raise） (2) He ____ his voice to make himself heard in the noisy room.（raised） (3) The farmer ____ many cows on his farm. A. raises B. raise C. raised D. raising (4) A ____ in salary will make employees more motivated.（raise） (5) 翻译&写作练习：我们应该提高对环境保护的意识。 We should raise the awareness of environmental protection. 课后巩固 (1) The school is going to ____ funds for a new library.（raise） (2) She ____ her children with great care and love.（raised） 进门考 (1) The government plans to ____ the minimum wage next year.（raise） (2) They are trying to ____ enough money to build a new school.（raise） 10. awareness 词性及含义 • n. 知道；意识；认识 词性转换 • aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 ；awareness - raising 提高意识的 常考搭配 • raise awareness 提高意识 ；environmental awareness 环保意识 课堂练习 (1) Public ____ of healthy eating habits is increasing.（awareness） (2) We need to ____ among students about the importance of safety.（raise awareness） (3) Everyone should be ____ of the danger of smoking. A. aware B. awareness C. unaware D. awarenesses (4) The campaign aims to promote ____ of mental health.（awareness） (5) 翻译&写作练习：提高公众对野生动物保护的意识是很重要的。 It's very important to raise public awareness of wild animal protection. 课后巩固 (1) Through education, we can improve people's ____ of cultural heritage.（awareness） (2) The organization is working on ____ environmental protection.（raising awareness of） 进门考 (1) Media plays a crucial role in spreading ____ of social issues.（awareness） (2) Are you ____ of the new traffic regulations?（aware） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $