Unit 3 Same or Different 单元基础知识全方位精练(Section B) （单词、短语、句型）英语人教版2024八年级上册

Unit 3 Same or Different 单元基础知识全方位精练(Section B) 【重点单词练习】 一、根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. Could you tell me when you will (到达)Tokyo? 2. Though we have some (差异), we can still be friends. 3. The calm lake is like a huge (镜子), reflecting the blue sky and white clouds. 4. Jane began to show (兴趣) in painting when she was very young. 5. I enjoy reading (小说) because they can let me experience various lifestyles. 6. The dog does a good job because it has a good (感觉) of smell. 7. Betty is also a beautiful girl with (幽默). You won’t feel bored when you are staying with her. 8. When you meet difficulties, listen to what others have got to say. Don’t stick to your own (看法). 9. We should be (诚实的) with our friends and family. 10. It is a (直接的) result of your carelessness. You should be careful next time. 11. I really treasure the (友谊) between us. 12. It takes you 135 (米) above the River Thames. 13. Please tell us some main (人物) in this story. 14. I saw a traffic (意外) on my way home yesterday. A car hit the tree. 15. The dishes in this restaurant are better than we before.（预料） 16. —What does your grandmother look like? —She has (银色的) hair and a round face. 17. The teacher gives us advice on what to do in different (情况). 18. A good movie (感动，触摸) your heart. I like this kind of movies. 二、重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. interest / interested / interesting (1) Is there anything   in today’s newspaper? (2) My sister is  in drawing pictures. (3) By that time I had lost all   in the idea. (4) Her main   are music and tennis. (5) It may   you to know that Andy didn't accept the job. 2. direct / direction / directly / director (1) —Could you tell me how to be more polite? —Oh, just remember not to speak   . (2) We should use greetings and polite language when asking for   . (3) I wanted to know the fact, but nobody could give me a   answer. (4) Could you  me to the station? (5) Ne Zha 2’s   , Yang Yu, said, “we are very thankful to the audience (观众) for their love and enthusiasm (热情). ” 3. touch / touched / touching (1) —Jenny, I am going to Sydney for further study next month. —Take care. I hope we can keep in  . (2) I was  that he still remembered me. (3) The cup is full of hot water. Don’t  it. (4) The story of Chang’e is so   that many people love it. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空或填写合适的词汇使句意完整 1. There were wonderful (similar)between the twins. 2. This dictionary is (difference) from that one. 3. I have a great in science, and I am very in learning about space because it is so . (interest) 4. my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the better it is for his or her future. 5. He was quite (humour), and I liked that about him. 6. The friend may be (little) outgoing than you, but you can help him or her make new friends. 7. Peter is such a (honest)person that nobody wants to make friends with him. 8. Although these earth buildings look similar  each other, each one is special. 9. Mum didn’t answer my question (direct). Instead, she asked me another question. 10. We all expect (see) you again. 11. In fact, scientists have created many inventions accident. 12. The result of the competition is beyond our (expect). 13. We’re really moved by this (touch)story. 14. I felt much better after I shared my feelings my close friends. 15. By your (share) feelings and coming up with a good reason, you may change their minds. 16. — How was your trip to Sanya with your family last week, Sally? —It was ________(please). All my family were ________ (please)with it. 17. —I think Bill is ________ (tall) than Jim. —No. In fact, Jim is as ________ (tall)as Bill. 18. We should not reach ________ what is out of our reach. What we need to do is improving our basic skills first. 四、选词填空 honest, but, different, leader, similarity, much, situation, mirror, teach, friendship In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya were good friends. Although they were very different — Guan Zhong was poor, and Bao Shuya was rich — their 1 was strong. They trusted and supported each other. When they did business together, Guan Zhong always took 2 money. Many people thought this was unfair, 3 Bao Shuya didn’t mind. He understood that Guan Zhong needed the money because of his difficult 4 . Bao Shuya’s 5 and direct support showed his deep care for his friend. Later, Bao Shuya recommended (推荐) Guan Zhong to be the prime minister of Qi. Guan Zhong helped the ruler, Duke Huan of Qi, become one of the most powerful 6 of that time. Their 7 in values and mutual (互相的) respect made their friendship last a lifetime. This story 8 us that true friends should understand and trust each other. They should not care too much about small 9 or personal gains. A good friend is like a 10 — they reflect the best in us and help us grow. 五、单项填空 1．—Why do you all like Tom? —He has a strong sense of ________. He always tells us jokes. A．direction B．humor C．safety D．duty 2．—Can I get the job? I’m over 50 now. —I think your age shouldn’t make any ________ to whether you get the job or not. A．order B．difference C．use D．habit 3．We should ________ our friends when they are in trouble. A．laugh at B．look at C．care about D．hear about 4．A true friend should be ________ and never tell lies. A．honest B．humorous C．cheerful D．caring 5．—How do you like your dishes? —Sorry, I ate too much hot food and lost my ________ of taste. A．secret B．sense C．feeling D．interest 6．The minute my friend Alan is in a difficult ________, he will ask his parents for help. A．situation B．competition C．decision D．spirit 7．—How did you find this beautiful hidden(隐秘的) beach? —Oh, we found it completely ______ while we were getting lost. A．by mistake B．by accident C．thanks to D．together with 8．I think there will be ________ air pollution when there are ________ cars. A．less; less B．less; fewer C．fewer; fewer D．fewer; less 9．We finally finished the difficult project not only ________ we tried our best, but also ________ our teamwork. A．because; because B．because; because of C．because of; because D．because of; because of 10．The students and teachers spent 20 minutes discussing, and then they successfully______ an agreement on the class trip place. A．reached B．agreed C．planned D．hoped 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 与...类似 2. 与...不同 3. 出去闲逛 4. 和...一样严肃的 5. 与某人分享某物 6. 尊重彼此的不同 7. 向/从...学习 8. 稍微，有点儿 9. 很好的幽默感 10. 归功于；由于；因为 11. 害怕做某事 12. 犯错误 13. 一个城市的朋友 14. 偶然；意外地 15. 一线光明 16. 在困难的情况下 17. 关心；担心 18. 伸手触碰 19. 感动你的内心 20. 帮助(某人) 2、 选择短语填空(注意使用适当形式) A in common ；  thanks to  ； make a mistake ；  a sense of   ；as...as 1．He and the machine could not work. 2． the high speed trains, our journey becomes much shorter now. 3．Mary and her parents have a lot 4．The climate here isn’t warm you think. 5．Simon doesn’t have direction so he often gets lost in a new place. B by accident ;  reach for ;  make a difference ;  lend a hand ;  care about 1．AI technology will to school education. 2．The child broke his leg when climbing the mountain. 3．He only thinks of himself and he never others. 4．When I turned to some milk, I nearly knocked her down. 5．I had to get someone with the luggage. 3、 翻译句子 1. 不要害怕犯错误。 2. 多亏了他们的辛勤工作，我们过上了宁静的生活。 3. 生活有时候很艰难，但总有一线希望 4. 上周末，彼得在做饭时不小心割破了手指。 5. 她很有幽默感，总是能让别人发笑。 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1．—Is your sister Lucy as ______ as you? —No. In fact, she is much ______ than me. A．hard-working; lazy B．more hard-working; lazy C．more hard-working; lazier D．hard-working; lazier 2．Listening is just as ________ as speaking in language learning. A．important B．more important C．more difficult D．more interesting 3．November is coming. Millie ________ other girls, ________ shopping on Taobao. A．like; like B．likes; like C．like; likes D．likes; likes 4．—What _______ your daughter like? —She’s so beautiful _______ a film star. A．does; like B．is; likes C．does; likes D．is; like 5．The girl ________ is wearing a red dress is my classmate. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 6．It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 7．—Can you tell me how I can learn English at home? —By __________ the English programs and watching English movies. A．listen to B．listening to C．listened to D．listens to 8．—________ do you study for a test? —I study ________ reading books and newspapers. A．What, by B．How, by C．What, with D．How, with 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1．我比他读更多的历史书,而他则读很多小说。 · 回译： · 解析：than引导比较状语从句时，从句结构与前面句子的结构大部分情况是相同的，并且相同部分可以省略，从句中的出现的与主句中相同的动词常常用do的适当形式来代替。 · 仿写： (1) 林涛比我学习更努力。 (2) 上周，我花在读书上的时间比米莉少。 2．他和我一样认真。 · 回译： · 解析：as...as...表示“和...一样...”as...as结构中，第一个as是副词，用在形容词和副词前，常译为“同样地，一样地”；第二个as为连词，连接一个与前句相同结构的句子，相同部分常省略，省略后在没有歧义时，主语用主格或宾格均可。 · 仿写： (1) Alice和我一样外向，我们都可以很快交到新朋友。(用as...as...结构翻译) (2) 猎豹奔跑时快得像赛车一样快。(as…as) 3．我认为好朋友就像一面镜子。 · 回译： · 解析：此句是一个运用了比喻修辞手法的句子，其中like作介词，表示“像”，是比喻词，a good friend是本体，a mirror是喻体。 · 仿写： (1) 她的微笑就像温暖的阳光。 (2) 她的声音就像一首动听的歌曲。 4．对我来说,不同的朋友让我变得更好。 · 回译： · 解析：此句中who are different修饰friends，是一个定语从句。定语从句是修饰名词，作定语的句子。通常由who,that,which等引导，如果定语从句本身不缺乏主干成分，则用when,why,where等引导。 · 仿写： (1) 我们不应该忘记那些给我们提供帮助的人。 (2) 他关心那些失去父母的孩子们。 5．我们总是愿意伸出援手,互相帮助。 · 回译： · 解析：by+doing结构可以表示“通过...方式”。 · 仿写： (1) 通过参加这次活动，我更加了解了树木的重要性。 (2) 我每天和我朋友跑步锻炼身体。 ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different 单元基础知识全方位精练(Section B) 【重点单词练习】 一、根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. Could you tell me when you will (到达)Tokyo? 【答案】reach 2. Though we have some (差异), we can still be friends. 【答案】differences 3. The calm lake is like a huge (镜子), reflecting the blue sky and white clouds. 【答案】mirror 4. Jane began to show (兴趣) in painting when she was very young. 【答案】interest 5. I enjoy reading (小说) because they can let me experience various lifestyles. 【答案】novels 6. The dog does a good job because it has a good (感觉) of smell. 【答案】sense 7. Betty is also a beautiful girl with (幽默). You won’t feel bored when you are staying with her. 【答案】humour/humor 8. When you meet difficulties, listen to what others have got to say. Don’t stick to your own (看法). 【答案】opinion 9. We should be (诚实的) with our friends and family. 【答案】honest 10. It is a (直接的) result of your carelessness. You should be careful next time. 【答案】direct 11. I really treasure the (友谊) between us. 【答案】friendship 12. It takes you 135 (米) above the River Thames. 【答案】metres/meters 13. Please tell us some main (人物) in this story. 【答案】characters 14. I saw a traffic (意外) on my way home yesterday. A car hit the tree. 【答案】accident 15. The dishes in this restaurant are better than we before.（预料） 【答案】expected 16. —What does your grandmother look like? —She has (银色的) hair and a round face. 【答案】silver 17. The teacher gives us advice on what to do in different (情况). 【答案】situations 18. A good movie (感动，触摸) your heart. I like this kind of movies. 【答案】touches 二、重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. interest / interested / interesting (1) Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper? (2) My sister is interested in drawing pictures. (3) By that time I had lost all interest in the idea. (4) Her main interests are music and tennis. (5) It may interest you to know that Andy didn't accept the job. 2. direct / direction / directly / director (1) —Could you tell me how to be more polite? —Oh, just remember not to speak directly. (2) We should use greetings and polite language when asking for directions. (3) I wanted to know the fact, but nobody could give me a direct answer. (4) Could you direct me to the station? (5) Ne Zha 2’s director, Yang Yu, said, “we are very thankful to the audience (观众) for their love and enthusiasm (热情). ” 3. touch / touched / touching (1) —Jenny, I am going to Sydney for further study next month. —Take care. I hope we can keep in touch. (2) I was touched that he still remembered me. (3) The cup is full of hot water. Don’t touch it. (4) The story of Chang’e is so touching that many people love it. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空或填写合适的词汇使句意完整 1. There were wonderful (similar)between the twins. 【答案】similarities 2. This dictionary is (difference) from that one. 【答案】different 3. I have a great in science, and I am very in learning about space because it is so . (interest) 【答案】 interest interested interesting 4. my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the better it is for his or her future. 【答案】in 5. He was quite (humour), and I liked that about him. 【答案】humorous 6. The friend may be (little) outgoing than you, but you can help him or her make new friends. 【答案】less 7. Peter is such a (honest)person that nobody wants to make friends with him. 【答案】dishonest 8. Although these earth buildings look similar  each other, each one is special. 【答案】to 9. Mum didn’t answer my question (direct). Instead, she asked me another question. 【答案】directly 10. We all expect (see) you again. 【答案】to see 11. In fact, scientists have created many inventions accident. 【答案】by 12. The result of the competition is beyond our (expect). 【答案】expectation 13. We’re really moved by this (touch)story. 【答案】touching 14. I felt much better after I shared my feelings my close friends. 【答案】with 15. By your (share) feelings and coming up with a good reason, you may change their minds. 【答案】sharing 16. — How was your trip to Sanya with your family last week, Sally? —It was ________(please). All my family were ________ (please)with it. 【答案】pleasant; pleased 17. —I think Bill is ________ (tall) than Jim. —No. In fact, Jim is as ________ (tall)as Bill. 【答案】taller; tall 18. We should not reach ________ what is out of our reach. What we need to do is improving our basic skills first. 【答案】for 四、选词填空 honest, but, different, leader, similarity, much, situation, mirror, teach, friendship In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya were good friends. Although they were very different — Guan Zhong was poor, and Bao Shuya was rich — their 1 was strong. They trusted and supported each other. When they did business together, Guan Zhong always took 2 money. Many people thought this was unfair, 3 Bao Shuya didn’t mind. He understood that Guan Zhong needed the money because of his difficult 4 . Bao Shuya’s 5 and direct support showed his deep care for his friend. Later, Bao Shuya recommended (推荐) Guan Zhong to be the prime minister of Qi. Guan Zhong helped the ruler, Duke Huan of Qi, become one of the most powerful 6 of that time. Their 7 in values and mutual (互相的) respect made their friendship last a lifetime. This story 8 us that true friends should understand and trust each other. They should not care too much about small 9 or personal gains. A good friend is like a 10 — they reflect the best in us and help us grow. 【答案】 1．friendship 2．more 3．but 4．situation 5．honest 6．leaders 7．similarity 8．teaches 9．differences 10．mirror 【导语】本文主要讲述了管仲与鲍叔牙之间的友谊。 1．句意：尽管他们非常不同——管仲很穷，而鲍叔牙很富——他们的友谊却很牢固。根据前文“Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya were good friends.”及备选词可知，此处指他们的友谊却很牢固。故填friendship。 2．句意：一起做生意，管仲总是拿走的钱多。根据后文“Many people thought this was unfair”及备选词可知，此处指管仲在做生意时总是拿“更多的”钱。much的比较级more“更多的”，符合语境。故填more。 3．句意：许多人认为这不公平，但鲍叔牙并不介意。根据“Many people thought this was unfair…Bao Shuya didn’t mind.”及备选词可知，此处指许多人认为这不公平，但鲍叔牙并不介意，存在转折关系。故填but。 4．句意：他明白管仲因为处境困难，所以需要这笔钱。根据“He understood that Guan Zhong needed the money because of his difficult…”及备选词可知，此处指他明白管仲因为处境困难，所以需要这笔钱，situation“处境；情况”，符合语境。故填situation。 5．句意：鲍叔牙真诚而直接的支持显示了他对朋友的深切关怀。根据“Bao Shuya’s…and direct support showed his deep care for his friend.”及备选词可知，此处指鲍叔牙真诚而直接的支持显示了他对朋友的深切关怀。honest“诚实的”，符合语境。故填honest。 6．句意：管仲帮助统治者齐桓公成为当时最强大的领导人之一。根据“Guan Zhong helped the ruler, Duke Huan of Qi, become one of the most powerful…of that time.”及备选词可知，此处指管仲帮助统治者齐桓公成为当时最强大的领导人之一，one of+名词复数“……之一”。故填leaders。 7．句意：他们在价值观上的相似性和相互尊重使他们的友谊持续了一生。根据“Their…in values and mutual respect made their friendship last a lifetime.”及备选词可知，此处指他们在价值观上的相似性和相互尊重使他们的友谊持续了一生，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。故填similarity。 8．句意：这个故事告诉我们，真正的朋友应该相互理解和信任。根据“This story…us that true friends should understand and trust each other.”及备选词可知，此处指这个故事告诉我们，真正的朋友应该相互理解和信任，主语“This story”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单三形式。故填teaches。 9．句意：他们不应该太在意小差异或个人收益。根据“They should not care too much about small…or personal gains.”及备选词可知，此处指他们不应该太在意小差异或个人收益。difference“差异”，这里需用复数形式。故填differences。 10．句意：好朋友就像一面镜子——他们反映出我们最好的一面，帮助我们成长。根据“A good friend is like a…”及备选词可知，此处指好朋友就像一面镜子。故填mirror。 五、单项填空 1．—Why do you all like Tom? —He has a strong sense of ________. He always tells us jokes. A．direction B．humor C．safety D．duty 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们为什么都喜欢汤姆？——他有很强的幽默感。他总是给我们讲笑话。   考查名词辨析。direction方向；humor幽默；safety安全；duty责任。“a strong sense of humor”意为“很强的幽默感”，因为汤姆有很强的幽默感，总是讲笑话，所以大家喜欢他。故选B。 2．—Can I get the job? I’m over 50 now. —I think your age shouldn’t make any ________ to whether you get the job or not. A．order B．difference C．use D．habit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我能得到这份工作吗？我已经50多岁了。——我认为你的年龄对你是否得到这份工作没有任何影响。 考查名词辨析。order订单；difference区别；use用法；habit习惯。make any difference“产生任何影响”，固定搭配。故选B。 3．We should ________ our friends when they are in trouble. A．laugh at B．look at C．care about D．hear about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当朋友遇到困难时，我们应该关心他们。 考查动词短语辨析。laugh at嘲笑；look at看；care about关心；hear about听说。根据“when they are in trouble”可知，此处应填符合朋友间积极态度的短语，care about符合语境，说明朋友遇到困难时我们应有的正确做法是关心他们。故选C。 4．A true friend should be ________ and never tell lies. A．honest B．humorous C．cheerful D．caring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友应该是诚实的，而且从不说谎。 考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；humorous幽默的；cheerful快乐的；caring体贴的。根据“never tell lies”可知，此处应填与“不说谎”对应的“诚实的”，honest符合语境，说明真正的朋友具备诚实且不说谎的特质。故选A。 5．—How do you like your dishes? —Sorry, I ate too much hot food and lost my ________ of taste. A．secret B．sense C．feeling D．interest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得你的菜怎么样？——抱歉，我吃了太多辛辣食物，失去了味觉。 考查名词辨析。secret秘密；sense感觉；feeling感觉；interest兴趣。根据“I ate too much hot food”可知，吃了太多辛辣食物，所以应是失去了味觉，尝不出菜的味道如何，sense of taste“味觉”，是固定搭配。故选B。 6．The minute my friend Alan is in a difficult ________, he will ask his parents for help. A．situation B．competition C．decision D．spirit 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我朋友艾伦一遇到困难的情况，就会向他的父母寻求帮助。 考查名词辨析。situation情况；competition比赛；decision决定；spirit精神。根据“he will ask his parents for help”可知，这里表达的是遇到困难的“情况”时会向父母求助，in a difficult situation“处于困难的情况”，符合语境。故选A。 7．—How did you find this beautiful hidden(隐秘的) beach? —Oh, we found it completely ______ while we were getting lost. A．by mistake B．by accident C．thanks to D．together with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们是怎么找到这个美丽的隐秘海滩的？ ——哦，我们完全是偶然发现的，当时我们正迷路呢。 考查介词短语。by mistake错误地；by accident偶然地，意外地；thanks to由于，多亏；together with和……一起。根据答句中“while we were getting lost”可知，“发现海滩”是在计划外的意外状态下发生的，故空格处需填入表示“偶然地”之意的短语，by accident强调事件的发生是未经计划、出乎意料，甚至带有一些巧合和运气的成分，与“在迷路过程中”的语境结合得天衣无缝，是最佳答案。故选B。 8．I think there will be ________ air pollution when there are ________ cars. A．less; less B．less; fewer C．fewer; fewer D．fewer; less 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为当汽车更少时，空气污染将会更少。 考查形容词比较级的用法。less是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词；fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。第一个空，air pollution为不可数名词，所以用less来修饰；第二个空，cars为可数名词复数，所以用fewer来修饰。故选B。 9．We finally finished the difficult project not only ________ we tried our best, but also ________ our teamwork. A．because; because B．because; because of C．because of; because D．because of; because of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们最终完成了这个困难的项目，不仅因为我们尽了最大的努力，而且因为我们的团队合作。 考查连词和介词短语。because因为，接句子；because of因为，接名词、代词或名词短语。根据“we tried our best,”可知，第一空后是句子，填because；根据“our teamwork”可知，第二空后为名词短语，填because of。故选B。 10．The students and teachers spent 20 minutes discussing, and then they successfully______ an agreement on the class trip place. A．reached B．agreed C．planned D．hoped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们和老师们花了20分钟讨论，然后他们成功地就班级旅行地点达成了协议。   考查动词辨析。reached达成；agreed同意；planned计划；hoped希望。根据句中an agreement的提示，表示达成协议应使用reach an agreement这一固定搭配。故选A。 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 与...类似 similar to 2. 与...不同 different from 3. 出去闲逛 hang out 4. 和...一样严肃的 as serious as 5. 与某人分享某物 share sth. with sb. 6. 尊重彼此的不同 respect each other’s differences 7. 向/从...学习 learn from 8. 稍微，有点儿 kind of 9. 很好的幽默感 a great sense of humor 10. 归功于；由于；因为 thanks to 11. 害怕做某事 be afraid to do 12. 犯错误 make a mistake 13. 一个城市的朋友 an honest friend 14. 偶然；意外地 by accident 15. 一线光明 silver lining 16. 在困难的情况下 in difficult situations 17. 关心；担心 care about 18. 伸手触碰 reach for 19. 感动你的内心 touch your heart 20. 帮助(某人) lend (sb) a hand 2、 选择短语填空(注意使用适当形式) A in common ；  thanks to  ； make a mistake ；  a sense of   ；as...as 1．He and the machine could not work. 2． the high speed trains, our journey becomes much shorter now. 3．Mary and her parents have a lot 4．The climate here isn’t warm you think. 5．Simon doesn’t have direction so he often gets lost in a new place. 【答案】1．made a mistake 2．Thanks to 3．in common 4． as as 5．a sense of B by accident ;  reach for ;  make a difference ;  lend a hand ;  care about 1．AI technology will to school education. 2．The child broke his leg when climbing the mountain. 3．He only thinks of himself and he never others. 4．When I turned to some milk, I nearly knocked her down. 5．I had to get someone with the luggage. 【答案】1．make a difference 2．by accident 3．cares about 4．reach for 5．to lend a hand 3、 翻译句子 1. 不要害怕犯错误。 【答案】Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. 2. 多亏了他们的辛勤工作，我们过上了宁静的生活。 【答案】Thanks to their hard work, we can live a peaceful life. 3. 生活有时候很艰难，但总有一线希望 【答案】 Life is hard sometimes, but there is always a silver lining . 4. 上周末，彼得在做饭时不小心割破了手指。 【答案】Last weekend, Peter cut his finger by accident when he was cooking lunch. 5. 她很有幽默感，总是能让别人发笑。 【答案】She has a great sense of humor and can always make others laugh. 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1．—Is your sister Lucy as ______ as you? —No. In fact, she is much ______ than me. A．hard-working; lazy B．more hard-working; lazy C．more hard-working; lazier D．hard-working; lazier 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你妹妹露西和你一样勤奋吗？——不。事实上，她比我懒得多。 考查形容词比较级。as...as...中间用形容词原级；than是形容词比较级标志；lazy的比较级是 “lazier”。故选D。 2．Listening is just as ________ as speaking in language learning. A．important B．more important C．more difficult D．more interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在语言学习中，听力和口语一样重要。 考查形容词。important重要的，形容词原级；more important更重要的，比较级；more difficult更难的，比较级；more interesting最有趣的，比较级。“as...as...”是一个固定结构，表示“和……一样”，中间要用形容词或副词的原级，“as important as”表示“和……一样重要”，此处表示在语言学习里听力和口语具有同等重要性，符合语义和语法规则。故选A。 3．November is coming. Millie ________ other girls, ________ shopping on Taobao. A．like; like B．likes; like C．like; likes D．likes; likes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：十一月要来了。Millie像其他女孩一样，喜欢在淘宝购物。 考查词汇辨析。like作介词时，意为“像”；like作动词时，意为“喜欢”。第一空表示“像其他女孩一样”，用介词like；第二空表示“喜欢购物”，用like作谓语动词，时态为一般现在时，主语“Millie”为第三人称单数，like应用三单形式likes。故选C。 4．—What _______ your daughter like? —She’s so beautiful _______ a film star. A．does; like B．is; likes C．does; likes D．is; like 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你女儿长什么样？——她美得像个电影明星。 考查特殊疑问句和like的用法。does助动词三单形式；like介词，is系动词单数形式；likes动词三单形式。“What+be动词+主语+like?”为固定句型，用于询问某人的外貌、性格等特征，空格1需填be动词is；like作介词时，意思是“像，如同”，空格2中，由like引出类比对象a film star，表示像电影明星一样漂亮。故选D。 5．The girl ________ is wearing a red dress is my classmate. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：穿着红色连衣裙的那个女孩是我的同班同学。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which指代物，在从句中可作主语或宾语；who指代人，在从句中作主语；whom指代人，在从句中作宾语；whose既可指代人也可指代物，在从句中作定语，后接名词。 根据“...is wearing a red dress”可知，本句是定语从句，修饰先行词“The girl”，且从句中缺少主语，需要能指代人并在从句中作主语的关系词。who符合“指代人且在从句中作主语”的要求，故选B。 6．It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 7．—Can you tell me how I can learn English at home? —By __________ the English programs and watching English movies. A．listen to B．listening to C．listened to D．listens to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何在家学习英语吗？——通过听英语节目和看英语电影。 考查非谓语动词。by“通过”，介词，后面接listen to“听”的动名词形式。故选B。 8．—________ do you study for a test? —I study ________ reading books and newspapers. A．What, by B．How, by C．What, with D．How, with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你如何备考？——我通过阅读书籍和报纸来学习。 考查特殊疑问词和介词辨析。What什么；How如何；by通过；with和。根据“I study...reading books and newspapers.”可知，此处问的是方式，应用how提问，表示“如何”；答语中表示通过某种方式学习，应用介词by。故选B。 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1．我比他读更多的历史书,而他则读很多小说。 · 回译：I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels. · 解析：than引导比较状语从句时，从句结构与前面句子的结构大部分情况是相同的，并且相同部分可以省略，从句中的出现的与主句中相同的动词常常用do的适当形式来代替。 · 仿写： (1) 林涛比我学习更努力。 【答案】Lin Tao studies harder than me. (2) 上周，我花在读书上的时间比米莉少。 【答案】I spent less time reading books than Millie last week. 2．他和我一样认真。 · 回译：He is as serious as me. · 解析：as...as...表示“和...一样...”as...as结构中，第一个as是副词，用在形容词和副词前，常译为“同样地，一样地”；第二个as为连词，连接一个与前句相同结构的句子，相同部分常省略，省略后在没有歧义时，主语用主格或宾格均可。 · 仿写： (1) Alice和我一样外向，我们都可以很快交到新朋友。(用as...as...结构翻译) 【答案】Alice is as outgoing as I am and we can both make new friends quickly. (2) 猎豹奔跑时快得像赛车一样快。(as…as) 【答案】Cheetahs can run as fast as racing cars. 3．我认为好朋友就像一面镜子。 · 回译：I think a good friend is like a mirror. · 解析：此句是一个运用了比喻修辞手法的句子，其中like作介词，表示“像”，是比喻词，a good friend是本体，a mirror是喻体。 · 仿写： (1) 她的微笑就像温暖的阳光。 【答案】Her smile is like warm sunshine. (2) 她的声音就像一首动听的歌曲。 【答案】Her voice is like a beautiful song. 4．对我来说,不同的朋友让我变得更好。 · 回译：For me, friends who are different make me better. · 解析：此句中who are different修饰friends，是一个定语从句。定语从句是修饰名词，作定语的句子。通常由who,that,which等引导，如果定语从句本身不缺乏主干成分，则用when,why,where等引导。 · 仿写： (1) 我们不应该忘记那些给我们提供帮助的人。 【答案】We shouldn’t forget the people who have helped us. (2) 他关心那些失去父母的孩子们。 【答案】He cares about the children who/that have lost their parents. 5．我们总是愿意伸出援手,互相帮助。 · 回译：We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. · 解析：by+doing结构可以表示“通过...方式”。 · 仿写： (1) 通过参加这次活动，我更加了解了树木的重要性。 【答案】By taking part in this event, I learnt more about the importance of trees. (2) 我每天和我朋友跑步锻炼身体。 【答案】I get exercise by running with my friends every day ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $