考点02 语法填空——无提示词的语法填空（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

考点02 语法填空—无提示词的语法填空 温馨提示： 本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点） 1. 高考真题优生考点易错分析 年份 试卷类别 题型 优生易错题 错误原因分析 解决方案 2025 全国I卷 语法填空 59.guide易错 不规则词形转换，拼写错误 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 62.by易错 考查by表示差值的用法，容易被忽视 培优注重没考过的，比较重要的知识点，不留死角。 64.and易错 文章最后一段就是一个句子，是一个长难句，在加上前面有个and，导致考生受到干扰，不考虑并列关系。 分析长难句是培优的重要任务，要天天练，坚持不懈。 全国II卷 60. myself 反身代词容易被忽视 代词复习要全面 64. afternoons 这个名词复数比较少见，容易被忽视 增加文章的阅读量，扩展视野是培优的关键 1月浙江卷 58．on and focus instead 58 the fact 受instead的影响，容易错填of 注意分析句子结构，and前后并列关系 59．and 句中连续出现and，感到有些费解 分析句子结构，分析长难句的能力 64．people’s 名词所有格平时模拟考试考查较少，这个空容易被误填为名词复数 全面复习，不留死角才能让优生脱颖而出 2024 新课标I卷 56. engineering 名词到名词的词形转换，此处是名词作定语，出现比较少，容易被忽视 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词，扩大阅读量，开阔视野 60. walks 此处walk用法特殊，用作及物动词 全面理解词汇的多种含义，注重一词多义 63. as 受stands的影响，容易错填for 注意准确理解文章的真正含义是关键 新课标II卷 39. to is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”受插入语in some ways的影响，容易填错 善于分析句子的整体，从句子的整体出发，思考问题 42. visibility visible--visibility比较少见，容易被忽视 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 全国甲卷 43. what 由于平时模拟考试考查定语从句太多，名词性从句容易被忽视 强化定语从句以外的其他从句 49. largest 语境理解失误 准确理解语境是关键 1月浙江卷 37. or 忽视either...or...的用法，缺乏句子的整体意识 对这种题一定要从句子的整体入手，如果忽视整体，很容易误入歧途 39. what 表语从句从句的连接词，注意分析句子成分 强化定语从句以外的其他从句 45. ones 代词的复数容易被忽视 全面复习代词等小词知识 2023 38. or 缺乏整体句子观念，造成的失误，一定注意whether...or...这个结构的整体意识 提高分析长难句的能力 新高考全国Ⅰ卷 41. to be lifted 由于模拟题考查，不定式的被动式较少，造成失误 全面复习非谓语动词的各种形式 43. a a touch of 这个短语用的较少 扩大阅读量，增加见识 45. wanting wanting作主语补足语，比较难 重点复习非谓语动词 全国乙卷 46. Having visited 对现在分词的完成时理解不到位 重点复习非谓语动词 全国甲卷 43. as As引导的非限制性定语从句，容易被忽视 非主流的定语从句不可忽视 46. intended 注意：短语be intended for专门为……设计的，此处作定语 注意由动词的过去分词转化成的形容词的用法 1月浙江卷 61．spacious 比较特殊的词形转换 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 59．were permitted permit没有双写造成错误 全面熟记不规则动词表 新高考全国II卷 58. with 此处容易误填为to，注意文章的意思 理解文章意思是根据 60. visiting 此处visiting是形容词，意为：来访的 注意特殊形式的词形变化及意义 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：一、考查中国传统文化。二、考查人物故事。三、考查科学技术进步。四、考查跨学科融合。五、考查中外文化交流，国际视野。注重通过语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。 2．从命题思路上看： (1)从句中的连接词和并列连词是必考点，是考查的重点和难点； (2)介词是必考点，要熟悉常用介词及短语的意义和用法； (3)冠词是常考点，要掌握冠词的基本用法； (4)其次，无提示词代词是考查频度较小的考点。 【培优策略】 1．熟练掌握定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句和并列句的用法，格外重视名词性从句的用法。 2．熟练掌握冠词的基本用法和意义。 3．熟练掌握常用介词的用法，对特殊介词的掌握是培优的重点。 3.【命题预测】 预计2026从句和介词的用法仍然是命题的重点，冠词常考。复习过程中要熟练掌握从句中的连接词的用法及并列句中的连词用法，熟悉冠词的基本用法。 考点一 考查定语从句 1．确定是定语从句 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句。当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点，还是其他，然后再根据先行词在句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 2．掌握三步法解题技巧 (1)分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。 ①先行词的后面出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句。 ②that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 ③which引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容；代表整个主句时，which意为“这一点”。 ④as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case等。 (2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因)。 ①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose； ②先行词指物：that/which/whose； ③表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。 (3)判断定语从句所缺成分，确定关系词。 ①缺少主语：that/which/who； ②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom； ③缺少定语：whose； ④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。 1．that与which的区别 (1)只用which不用that的情况： ①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时； ②引导非限制性定语从句时。 (2)只用that不用which的情况： ①当先行词是all、everything、nothing、something、few、little、much等不定代词时； ②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the only、any、the last等修饰时； ③先行词既有人又有物时。 2．which与as 关系词 which as 位置上 只能放在主句的后面 位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于句末 搭配上 无动词的 限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see、hear、know、expect、remember等 意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如……”“正像……的那样” 考查定语从句中的关系代词 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2.（2025年1月浙江高考）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 4. (2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 只用that而不用which的情况 当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。 考查定语从句中的关系副词 1.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 3.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.（2021·天津卷3月改编） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them. 2.(2020·江苏卷改编)Many lessons are now available online, from__________students can choose for free. “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends. 一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。 Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。 3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。 The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. 这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。 3.（2022年北京卷）That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 考查as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 1.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 2.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 　　　　　　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.  which与as引导非限制性定语从句的三点区别： 考查定语从句中的所属关系 1.（2023年全国乙卷改编）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman _________hair color looked just perfect. 2.（2020年新课标Ⅲ）In ancient China lived an artist__________paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. 1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9月考）This character, 12 gender and nine teeth serve as key identifying features, has managed to win the heart of art toy enthusiasts with its unique blend of cuteness and rebellious(反叛的) appeal. 2.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）The couple is named after the Chinese word kaixin, 43 means happy. 3.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields 109 may transform industries and daily life. 4.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）The most intense moment came, Wang had only 31 minutes to transfer (换乘) from Beijing West Station to Beijing South Station by subway. 5.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）Rooted in classical Chinese philosophy stresses the balance between humans and nature, TCM is increasingly winning the interest of younger generations. 考点二 考查名词性从句 宾语从句 1.宾语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 ①I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。 ②We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。 ③I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。 2．形式宾语【高频再现】 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb. that＋从句 Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 表语从句 1.表语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom, which，whichever, whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句【高频再现】 (1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” 主语从句 1.主语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which, whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where，how, why 在从句中作状语 When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。 Where Professor Han was born is known to the public.韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。 What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。 (1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。 That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。 (2)whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice. 这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。 2．形式主语【高频再现】 it作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 (4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句 It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 宾语从句 1.（2024·全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43 is now northwestern Wyoming. 2.（2022年1月浙江）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 表语从句 1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）This is　　　　　　 they need an English trainer.  3.(2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them. 名词性从句中that与what的区别： 引导名词性从句既可以用that，也可以用what。两者的区别在于that在句中不作成分，what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 主语从句 1.（2021新课标I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 2.(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem__________we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。 3.Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping them with the restoration. what & that在名词性从句中的用法： that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。 I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。 1． it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 2．It’s quite obvious the aging population in China will cause a heavy pressure on the whole society in the future. 3． Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place. 4． is important is that as we enter a new lunar year people globally appreciate the cultural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 5．（2026·河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学高三上学期开学）To him, Wudang has now become a second home and martial arts and traditional Chinese culture are his “lifetime passion” settled. 6．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey. This is he can make 72 changes, turning himself into different animals and objects. 7．Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into we know now. 考点三 考查状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。 Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。 when还可表原因，意为“既然”。 How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？ 2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)，这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。 The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。 　no sooner... than..., hardly/scarcely....when....的时态搭配：hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. ＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。 3．before (1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”。 The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。 Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。 (2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……。 It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……多久了。 John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。 二、条件状语从句 1．通常由if, unless, as(so)long as, in case(that), once等连词引导。 Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent. 除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。 2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。 You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank. 只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。 三、让步状语从句 1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), whenever, whether... or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。 Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. 尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。 However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. 不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。 2．while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。 While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it. 尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。 [ 　while也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。 At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another. 在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。 四、原因状语从句与方式状语从句 1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等引导。 The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive. 卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。 He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么也没发生。 2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that), considering that等引导。 Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself. 既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。 Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it. 鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。 五、地点状语从句 1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。 The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother. 这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。 Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。 2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。 3．where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别 where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake. ＝When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake. 当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。 六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句 1．目的状语从句。 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that, for fear that, in case，lest等。 (1)in order that与so that。 两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. 我说慢一点以便你能听懂。 In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early. 为了能看到日出，我们很早就向山顶出发了。 (2)for fear that, in case与lest。 这三个从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should＋)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that... not...或in order that... not...。 The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father(should) see him. 男孩躲到树后以防被父亲发现。 Take your raincoat in case/lest it (should) rain. 带着你的雨衣，以防下雨。 2．结果状语从句。 (1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so...that..., such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...和such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略，注意其结构形式： Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him. ＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him. 迈克是如此诚实的工人以至于我们都信任他。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气如此的好，我们都想去公园。 He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family. 他挣钱太少以至于无法养活家人。 (2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. 他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能算出所有的难题。 六、状语从句的省略 在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且含有动词be时，可以将从句主语和动词be动词省略。 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出学校。 The problem, if not carefully dealt with, will cause a lot of damage. 这个问题，如果不小心处理，将会造成重大损失。 The dying man is moving his eyes slowly as if looking for his family. 这个奄奄一息的人慢慢地转动眼睛好像在寻找家人。 考查状语从句的连词 1. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 2. (北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out. 如何确定状语从句 1．确定是状语从句 空处所在的句子作整个句子的状语时，应用状语从句的引导词。 2．状语从句的特殊考点要记牢 (1)连词before的意义及句型 It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“多久以后才……”；It won't be＋一段时间＋before ...“用不了多久就……”。 (2)连词since的意义及句型 It is ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句＝It has been ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句。 该固定句型意为“自从……以来，已经多长时间了”。 (3)whether ...or ...，疑问词＋-ever，引导让步状语从句。 (4)where引导地点状语从句。 [ 　1．when, while, as (1)when, while, as三者都可以用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 (2)在when和as引导的从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是终止性动词，而在while引导的从句中，谓语动词只能是延续性动词。 (3)三者中as引导时间状语从句时，表示主从句动作同时发生或前后紧接着发生，常译为“(正当)……的时候”“随着……”“一边……一边……”等。 2．so ...that ..., such ...that ... (1)二者都可以引导结果状语从句。so 后中心词为形容词或副词， such后中心词为名词。 (2)若中心词之前有表示数量的many、much、little、few修饰时，只能用so。 3.(2018·江苏卷)__________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 4.(湖南卷)__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。 考查状语从句的省略 1. (陕西卷)All the photographs in this book，__________stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s. 2.(全国卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting. 状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。 1.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)At the same time, many traditional tools like gouges (凿子) remain essential, which demonstrates the craft’s respect for time-honored methods, 55 modern tools are gradually being adopted for efficiency. 2.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）The findings, mostly from the Yinxu site in Anyang, are of great value 95 present-day written characters can trace their history to the inscriptions. 3．If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay you are and wait for help. 4．In order we can restore the ecological (生态的) environment, the local government launched the “Saihanba Project”. 5．After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 6． the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride. 考点四 考查并列句及并列连词 1．确定填并列连词 无提示词，空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。 2．两个技巧要熟用 技巧1：关系分析法 分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。 (1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、both ...and ...、not only ...but (also) ...、neither ...nor ...等。 (2)表示选择关系的有or、either ...or ...、not ...but ...等。 (3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。 (4)表示因果关系的有so、for等。 技巧2：句型法 (1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，如表示顺承用and，表示转折用or。 (2)when作并列连词的常用句型： Sb be doing sth when ... Sb be about to do sth when ... Sb had (just) done sth when ... Hardly ...when ... 1．并列句与定语从句 防止并列句与定语从句混用：并列句由and、but等并列连词连接，句中已有连接词，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。 ①They live in a small house, in front of ___________stands an orange tree. ②They live in a small house, and in front of ___________ stands an orange tree. 【解析】两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示物，故填which；句②中and连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的a small house，故填it。 ③The old man has three sons, none of ___________ is a doctor. ④The old man has three sons, but none of ___________is a doctor. 【解析】两句的区别是连词but，句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示人，且其前为介词of，故填whom；句④中but连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的three sons，故填them。 2．并列句与状语从句 辨清并列句与状语从句：并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而状语从句中前后两个句子，一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。 ①___________you take the medicine, you will be all right. ②Take this medicine, ___________you will be all right. 【解析】句①空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If；句②中两个并列分句是顺承关系，故填and。 ③ ___________money is necessary for a happy life, it can't buy happiness. ④Money is necessary for a happy life, ___________it can't buy happiness. 【解析】句③空处所在句子是让步状语从句，故填Although/Though；句④空处前后是转折关系，故填but。 考查并列和递进关系 1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” 2.（2024·新高考II卷）It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed. 考查转折和选择关系 1.(2024·1月浙江卷) Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 2.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 1.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Fish lanterns not only brighten festivals, bringing blessings of success and auspiciousness year after year, carry forward China’s rich cultural spirit. May their light continue to inspire and unite people for generations to come. 2.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）Studies of the Galaxy’s (星系) ancient stars offer some clues, as do simulations (模拟), the observable light from our home galaxy was emitted (发出) too recently to enable astronomers to examine its beginnings directly. 3.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）In east China’s Zhejiang Province, a local TCM institution offers evening sessions in Yijinjing — a traditional breathing slow body-moving exercise, which quickly became a hit among working youth. Classes begin at 6 pm and often run overtime due to popular demand. 考点五 考查特殊句式 强调结构 1．强调句型。 (1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/w＋被强调的部分＋tt/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。 (2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ He asked what it was that made him so upset. 他询问究竟是什么让他如此难过。 (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ 强调句型亦可用于宾语从句中，但注意语序要用陈述句语序。 It was not until he took off his sunglasses that I realized him. 直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他。 (4)not...until句型的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分。 2．强调谓语动词。 用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 倒装句 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also..., not until, nowhere, neither...nor...等。 Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. 她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。 2．only＋状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. 讨论这个问题数小时后他们才做出决定。 3．作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常把作状语的介词短语置于句首。 Through the window came in the sweet music. 从窗户里飘出美妙的音乐。 4．so/such...that...结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So frightened was she that she could not say a word. 她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。 5．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 6．as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分”的形式。 使用as进行倒装时需要注意的是： (1)句首是单数可数名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。 Pop star as she is, she still needs to improve. 尽管她已是很受欢迎的歌手，但仍需要提高。 (2)句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Fail as I did, I would never give up.尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。 省略句 1．复合句中的省略。 在用as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. 这本书里的相片，除非有说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。 2．动词不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略。 在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。 3．so/not构成替代省略。 英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在I'm afraid/IpI think/II believe等开头的答句中；条件状语从句中有时也有类似的用法，如：if so/if not等。 It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately. 听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。 there be 句型 There be 句型表示“某时间/空间存在/有……”，there本身没有词义，谓语动词be后面的名词/代词是主语。be可以有不同的时态，可以和情态动词连用。There be结构中的谓语动词be有时可用remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur, happen to be, appear to be, seem to be , used to be等替换。 Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那以后，我国发生了许多巨大的变化。 a．There be句型中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。 There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶中有一朵花。 There are five books on the desk. 桌上有五本书。 b．若There be句型中主语为并列结构，be的数和人称遵循就近原则。 There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个老师。 c. there be结构的非谓语动词形式 There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。 I expect there to be no argument about this. 我希望在这方面不会有任何争论。 I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me. 我从没想过会有什么好机会。 There being nothing else to do，we went home. (there be句型的独立主格结构) 由于我们无事可做，我们就回家了。 there be句型的常考句型： There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事 There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/ with sth.做某事(没)有困难 There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能 知识点4 感叹句 1．what引导的感叹句 what引导的感叹句 示例 What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What a good heart you have!你的心肠真好！ What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What interesting stories he's told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ 2．how引导的感叹句 how引导的感叹句 示例 How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ How clever the boy is!这个男孩多么聪明啊！ How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！ How clever a boy he is! 他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！ How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! 光阴似箭！ 考查强调句型 1. (2025·安徽省高中毕业班第二次联考) It wasn’t until the Ming and Qing dynasties ________ the seal’s usage moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the expansion of arts. 1.针对not…until…句型进行强调，要把not一并提前，构成“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。” 2.注意用于强调句型就不能把Not until….倒装句式混用。 2.（2025·河南省郑州高三联考） ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat meat. 识别强调句的变型 1.当强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，其句式为：主语+谓语+特殊疑问词+it is/was +that+其他。 2.注意宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 3.It was in the park I went for a walk yesterday I discovered the wallet. 1.有些句子特别复杂，把强调句型和定语从句融合在一起，其句式为：It is/was+被强调部分+定语从句+that/who+其他。 2.解题时注意断句，把定语从句视为一个整体单位来理解。 考查倒装句 1.（2025·福建·期中）The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study. 2.（2025·哈尔滨·开学考试）He also believes that when more people know about animals can nature be better protected, for which he will continue to show the beautiful wildlife to the world with his camera. 1.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，句子（主句）采用部分倒装语序。 2.only修饰状语从句时，注意主句部分倒装，从句不倒装。 3.（2025·浙江高三模拟测试） Not until I returned________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 1.Not until…句型位于句首，句子采用倒装语序。注意until从句不倒装。 2.not/never/hardly….until…构成否定句式，主句谓语动词用瞬时性动词。 3.后接名词短语时，until用作介词；后接从句时，until用作连词。 考查省略句 1.When (step) into the exhibition hall, visitors will be greeted with both technology and relics. 2.If (interest), just participate and you will be amazed to experience the combination of tradition and culture. 状语从句的省略 状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。 考查there be句型 1.There (be) neither gas nor electricity at home, we had to go to the nearest restaurant to have lunch. 2. We don’t want there (be) any student falling behind. 1.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）“I had decided to study TCM long before I took gaokao in 2025,” said Zhang Honglin, an excited incoming freshman at BUCM. “In high school, I battled against my ankle injuries— was TCM that finally cured me.” 2.What a pity, my new computer doesn’t work. must be something wrong with it. 3.The sun and the mao, when (join) together, both support and contain the neighbouring parts. 4.（2025·湖北武汉联考）“By connecting past and present, we’re sure that never will these age-old skills (forget),” Hao says. 考点六 考查冠词的用法 知识点1不定冠词表示泛指 1.根据语境判断不定冠词表示泛指：（常考点） (1)不定冠词与单数名词连用，泛指一类事物或一类事物中的一个。 (2)用于某人或某物的名字前，指与其具有相同特性的人或物。 (3)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 (4)a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 (5)用于表示价格、速度、比率、时间、重量、长度等的单位名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every，each或per。 (6)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有形容词修饰时，加a或an。 2. 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构，发现空后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an。 知识点2 定冠词表特指 ①用于特指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 When I passed the station this morning, I saw an accident.今天早晨经过车站时，我看到了一起交通事故。 ②用于复述上文已经提到的人或事物。 I applied for a university in the USA. The university enjoys a good reputation.我申请了一所美国大学，这所大学享有很好的声誉。 ③用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或发明创造的名词前。 The sun is much larger than the earth.太阳比地球大的多。 ④用于表示演奏的西洋乐器的名词前。 He started to play the piano at five.他五岁开始学习弹钢琴。 【高频再现】 ①用于姓氏的复数前表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Smiths are watching TV now.史密斯一家正在看电视。 ②用于形容词前表示一类人。 the rich, the poor, the old, the Chinese, the wounded, the injured, the disabled。 ③用于序数词或形容词的最高级前面。 The first thing you should do is to think it over and over again.你首先要做的事情是再三考虑一下。 知识点3 短语中的冠词 1．高频短语中的不定冠词 不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如catch a cold、have a fever、all of a sudden、as a matter of fact、as a result、have a gift for、make a living、have/take a rest、give sb a lift、have a good knowledge of、a handful of 等。 2．高频短语中的定冠词 ①定冠词用在固定搭配中，如at the same time、on the contrary、to tell the truth、in the distance、make the most/best of、in the middle of、on the spot等。 ②动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位。 知识点4 句型中的冠词 常考的固定句型中的冠词 1.主语+be+the size/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象 Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。 2.主语+be+the+形容词比较级+of/between... He is the taller of the two. 他是两人之中较高的那个。 3. 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 4. one of+the+形容词或副词最高级 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。 5.one... the other ...一个，另一个 知识点5 抽象名词具体化中的冠词 ①抽象名词具体化，使之具有了“一”的概念。 The house is full of joy. The little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物) Failure is the mother of success. He is a success. （一个成功的人或物） He gave me a lot of pleasure. It is a pleasure to work with you. （一件令人愉快的事情） She looked up in surprise. What a great surprise you gave me. （一件令人惊讶的事情） Knowledge is power. He has a wide knowledge of animals. （一门…的知识） He received little education/ a good education. （一种…的教育） ②某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用，而变成具体化的名词。例如 I like coffee. Would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡) I has just had lunch. I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐) 考查不定冠词表泛指 1.（2025年1月浙江高考）The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 2. （2022年全国甲卷） 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 2.有定语从句修饰的名词不一定是特指，有时是泛指。 【经典例题】（2004·福建卷）It is______ world of wonders,______ world where anything can happen. A.a;the                      B.a;a                  C.the;a               D.不填；不填 【解读】虽然world后有定语从句where anything can happen修饰，但任何事情都能发生的那个世界还没到来，是将来的一个世界，具有不确定性，是抽象的，是目前看不到的，所以用不定冠词表泛指，用a。 It is a world of wonders, a world where anything can happen. 考查定冠词表特指 1. (2023年新高考II卷) Not the pandas, even though 　　59　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 2. (2023年1月浙江高考卷) In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers. 判断泛指和特指的方法 注意泛指还是特指 ①如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。 ②如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。 ③如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。 考查短语中的冠词 1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with 　　　63　　　 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 考查句型中的冠词 1. （2024年1月浙江高考真题）Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. 2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 考向5 考查抽象名词具体化中的冠词 (2021新课标I) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 65 　 must to visit! 1.所有学生都知道must是情态动词，意为：必须。但有些学生不知道其用作名词时，意为：一件必须要做的事。 2.此处考查抽象名词具体化。 1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）And the change in the wavelength is determined by the distance the light travels and age of the Universe at the time of emission. 2.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Dancers hold glowing lanterns and move in harmony, creating the illusion (错觉) of ocean of light. 3.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）Nowadays, visitors planning a trip to the Wanglang National Nature Reserve in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, have a great opportunity to gather information about destination through mobile apps. 4.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）Once regarded as a less popular academic path, TCM programs have seen noticeable rise in admission scores across the country this year. 考点七 考查介词的意义及用法 知识点1 介词的基本含义及用法 介词的基本含义总结 (1)in表示情况、状态，意为“处在……中”；表示手段、形式、方式，意为“以，用”；表示服饰，意为“穿着，戴着”；表示范围、领域，意为“在……方面”。 (2)with表示状态，意为“带有，具有”；表示手段、方法，意为“以，用”；表示关系，意为“和……在一起”；表示伴随，意为“随着”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。 (3)by用于被动语态，意为“被，由”；表示方式，意为“用，靠，凭借”；表示乘用交通工具，意为“乘坐，驾驶”。 (4)for表示方向，意为“往，向”；表示对象、用途等，意为“为，给”；表示时间、距离、数量等，意为“计，达”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。 (5)through表示位置，意为“穿过”；表示时间，意为“在整个期间，自始至终”；表示手段、媒介，意为“以，凭借”。 (6)as介词的用法：①如同，像；②作为，当作 忽略介词的核心意义（语境中介词的基本用法） 仔细分析句子结构，句子的逻辑意思即可推知常用介词的基础含义。 具体步骤如下: 第一步：观察设空处为无提示词，根据句法确定为介词。 第二步：理清句子成分，合理翻译句意，推知介词的核心意义。 第三步：根据介词的基础用法即可填写答案。 知识点2 介词短语的含义和用法 常考的介词短语 ①at＋名词 at a loss不知所措at dinner在吃晚餐at peace处于和平状态at dawn在黎明at war在战争中at work在工作 ②其他高频介词短语 against time 争分夺秒at the sight of 一看到……at the age of在……岁时in the face of　 面对；面临in addition (to)另外；除了in case of　 万一in charge of负责；主管in favour of赞成；支持in need of 需要in no time立刻in a hurry匆忙in preparation for为……作准备in return for作为回报of help/use 有帮助的/有用的of importance重要的on behalf of代表 ③by＋名词 by accident偶然地by chance偶然地by force用暴力by hand手工地by mistake错误地by the month按月算 ④beyond＋名词 beyond comparison无与伦比beyond control失控beyond description难以描述beyond doubt毋庸置疑beyond expression 难以表达beyond (one's) reach够不到 ⑤in＋名词 in bed在床上；卧床in danger处于危险中in debt负债in difficulty 处于困难中in high spirits情绪高昂in need处于困难中in order 整齐；井然有序in surprise 吃惊地in trouble 在困难中in use使用中 ⑥on＋名词 on a trip在旅行on business出差on display/show在展出on duty在值班on holiday/vacation在度假on sale在出售on strike在罢工on the way在途中 ⑦out of＋名词 out of balance失去平衡out of control失去控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date过期out of order出故障out of work失业 ⑧under＋名词 under consideration在考虑中under construction在建造中under control在控制之下under discussion在讨论中under pressure在压力下under repair在修理中under treatment在治疗中 忽略设空处前后词的搭配（固定短语错用） 观察设空处前后，如果考查固定短语中的介词，设空前一两个词中会出现相关动词。如是形容词短语中的介词，则仍需在设空前寻找线索。其后也会出现固定搭配中的若干词语。故瞻前顾后需谨慎。 具体步骤如下: 第一步：观察设空处为无提示词，根据句法功能判断为介词。 第二步：根据空格处前后有无出现含有介词的固定搭配，仔细鉴别句意。 第三步：推敲得出结论。 知识点3 介词的特殊含义及用法 介词的特殊含义 1.with的用法 ① [表让步]尽管，虽然 With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。 With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。 ②[表伴随或附带情况]与…同时 Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shoulder.米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。 I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。 Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。 ③伴着（声音或手势）；带着（表情） With a sigh, she leant back and closed her eyes.她叹了口气，身体向后倚靠，闭上了眼睛。 The front door closed with a crash behind him.前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。 2.against ①紧靠；倚 The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。 ②迎着；逆着 You should fly your kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。 We are sailing against the wind.(with the wind表示“顺风”) 我们的船正在逆风行驶。 ③映衬；相映；对照【高频再现】 The red flag looks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳。 The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods. 那座红色的小屋在翠绿的森林衬托下显得很美。 3.by ①到…为止；不迟于 They had finished the work by the end of last week. 到上周末他们已完成了工作。 Maybe she has come back by now. 或许到现在为止她已经回来了。 I’ll have arrived by five o’clock this afternoon. 我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。 【注】by后接表示过去的时间状语时，多与过去完成时连用；后接now时，多与现在完成时连用；后接表示将来的时间状语时，多与将来完成时或一般将来时连用（尤其谓语是be动词时）。 ②凭；靠（后接动名词表示行为的方式或手段） He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。 Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left.锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。 ③表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分（by+身体部位名词或衣服名词） Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然间她抓住了他的耳朵。 The policeman took the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。 ④表升降、增减的程度（by+数量词） The number of the students has increased by one-third.学生数量增加了三分之一。 She’s taller than her younger brother by two inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。 4.through ①由于，因为 The thought of someone suffering through a mistake of mine makes me shiver. 想到有人因为我犯的错误而吃苦头，我就不寒而栗。 ②经受；经历 The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。 She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。 5.for ①支持；赞成（反义词：against） Are you for or against the plan？你是支持还是反对这个计划？ I’m all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。 ②就…而言；相对…来说（表示相对来说不寻常） He’s done well for a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。 He is heavy for a small boy. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。 The day is cool for July. 在7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。 ③对于；至于；关于 For her, books were as necessary to life as bread.对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。 It would be excellent experience for him to travel a little.对他来说，偶尔出去旅游会是很不错的经历。 6.from ①(表示区别、比较) He is old enough to know right from wrong. 他已长大,能够辨别是非了。 I can’t tell one twin from the other. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。 ②（表示原因）因为,由于 He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed from laziness. 他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。 He is trembling from fear. 他吓得发抖 ③(表判断、观点)由(…来看)，根据(…来判断) From her looks you would say she was about twenty. 从她的模样看，你会说她约摸20岁。 The expression on his face changed from sympathy to surprise.他脸上的表情从同情变为惊讶。 在解答介词题时，应当重点关注设空处前后内容和句意。如果空格后有名词、代词或动名词，且这些词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，那么该空大概率填介词。介词1.考查介词短语的具体意义。2.考查介词与其前面的动词构成的固定短语的具体含义。 考查介词的基本含义及用法 1.(2024•新高考Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.  2.（2024·全国甲卷）They wondered out loud. This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 47 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 判断介词的用法 3.（2022•全国高考乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ______ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 4.（2025·安徽省A10联盟高三最后一卷）The loss of interest is understandable, 39 (give) the complicated 27-step process required to create Dongming grain painting. 注意出处given不是过去分词是介词，其意思是：考虑到。 考查介词短语的意义及用法 1.（2025年1月·浙江卷）“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” 有些同学看到这个题目后，马上就填了of，他们认为是instead of而且感到熟悉，有语感，但殊不知这是错误的。一定要看句子的整体，其实这个句子的核心是focus on。 2. (2024•新高考Ⅱ卷) “Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” 判断介词的用法 （1）高考对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法及介词与其他词构成的固定短语的用法上。 （2）语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词，这对学生正确理解句意提出了较高的要求。 （3）名词或动词-ing形式在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一定填介词。介词可位于名词之前，如at night、on Sunday等；也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in、be good at等；还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to、arrive at、look for等。 (4)与动词搭配，如： remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”；rob sb of sth“抢劫某人某物”。 (5)与名词或代词搭配，如： by accident“偶然”；by oneself “靠自己”。 (6)与形容词搭配，如：be curious about“对……感到好奇”；be proud of “因……而自豪”。 (7)其他搭配，如：not ...until ...“直到……才……”；from ...to ...“从……到……”；between ...and ... “在……和……之间”。 考查特殊介词的意义和用法 1.（2021浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ________ 2. 1 in women and men. 2.（2015·浙江·变型练）3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? A. about B. to C. with D. over 1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billions of years ago, because it takes time light to travel across space to their telescopes. 2.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Fish lanterns, known as yudeng in Chinese, are vibrant folk-art pieces deeply rooted in China’s cultural heritage. Originating(originate) from ancient traditions, these lanterns symbolize “abundance year after year” — a play words, as the Chinese word for “fish” sounds like “surplus”. 3.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）The author, Li Xinrui, is a patrolman (巡护员) at Wanglang. only a middle school education, Li has developed a deep understanding of the natural world through self-study and his daily work. 4.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Adopting a bilingual marketing strategy helped her tap into overseas markets, boosting sales 50 percent within a year. 5.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）Unfortunately, when D5122 pulled into Yibin, it was indeed late—but only by 2 minutes. As the doors opened and Wang stepped onto the platform, his watch showed just 40 seconds remaining—an exciting margin (差距) success and failure. 考点八 考查 没有提示词的代词用法 知识点1通过句式结构和“指代”内容判断是否用it ①如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，用it； ②如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况，用it； ③如果作形式主语或形式宾语，用it； ④某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句，此时需先用it作形式宾语，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)有like、dislike、hate、appreciate、depend on、rely on、count on、see to等。 知识点2指示代词用法 典型用法 典型示例 it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物 --Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。 Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。 that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词 The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。 those特指上文提到的复数名词 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。 one泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语 I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。 I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？ ones代替泛指的复数名词 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 the one特指上文提到的单数名词 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。 the ones特指上文提到的复数名词 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。 知识点3 常考不定代词的含义及用法 1. 两者与三者 有些不定代词只用于表示两个人或两个事物，它们是both, either和neither；而有些不定代词则只用于指三个或三个以上的人或事物，它们是all, any, none和every。在使用时千万不要弄混了。 each既可用于两者，也可用于三者或三者以上，而every只用于三者或三者以上，所以当用于两者时，只能用each，不能用every。比如要表示“路的每一边”，我们要说成each side of the road，但不能说成every side of the road，因为“路”只有两个side。但是，如果说“广场的每一边”，我们就可以说every side of the square，因为“广场”一般都有四个side。 2. 复合不定代词 复合不定代词指的是由some, any, every, no后接thing, one, body等构成的一类代词，它们包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中通常只用作主语、宾语或表语，不能直接用于名词前作定语。 someone不能用于名词man前作定语，况且从意义上看，someone已经表示“某人”或“有人”，在它后面接man显然是多余的。 注意，复合不定代词虽然不能用作定语，但是它们可以定语的修饰，此时要注意将修饰它们定语放在它们后面，而不是前面。如： There’s nothing wrong with the machine. 机器没有毛病。 句中的wrong是修饰nothing的定语，但只能说成nothing wrong，不能说成wrong nothing。 还有一点要注意，就是anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (即分开写)。 3. all, every与each 从意思上看，all表示“所有的”，every表示“每个”，each也表示“每个”，它们都可以用来概括全体，但是它们的强调重点有所不同：all主要用来整体性地考虑总体，every 是考虑总体中的所有成员(与all很接近)，而each则是逐个逐个地考虑总体。 从用法上看，all和each既可以单独使用，也可以后接名词，还可后接of短语；而every 后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接 of 短语。如： 从指代数量上看，each可用于指两者或两者以上的“每个”，every只能指三者或三者以上“每个”，因此指两者时只能用 each。如： 考查it的用法 1.（2025·江西省南昌县莲塘第一中学检测） I hate when she calls me at work — I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 2. is a pity that you should miss such a good opportunity to broaden your view. (用适当的词填空) 通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it 如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则用it；如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to...＋it＋从句。 考查不定代词的用法 1. (2024年1月浙江卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 2.（2025·江苏省盐城市高三月考）New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes. 通过分析指代意义确定替代词 1.指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that，若指代复数形式用those； 2. 指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”则用one，若指代复数形式用ones。 3.(2024天津3月卷改编)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 看清句式，理清范围，确定代词 1.两者：二者选其一用either; 二者都不选用neither; 二者都选用both； 2.三者或三者以上：三者或三者以上的任何一个用any; 三者或三者以上都不选用none; 三者或三者以上都选用all； 3.其他：若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another；若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the other；若表示“其余的，另外的”，在名词前用other; 若不跟名词且指代复数， 用others。 1.（2025·山东省实验中学高三四诊）To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 2.Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 3.I’d appreciate if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to my new surroundings. 4.Sharing your sorrowful feelings with the one you trust can be beneficial to ______ your physical and mental health. 5.It is wise of you to give up your possessions (财产) in the fire because ________ is more important than life. （最新模拟试题演练） 1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9月考）Yet debates on overspending and gambling-like tendencies tied 17 the model exist. 2.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）For Burus, coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture beauty attracted her from afar. 3.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）Red lanterns swayed in the wind, papercuttings adorned windows spirited couplets decorated doorways. 4.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）Before leaving China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language-learning program, she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus, containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges Türkiye and China. 5.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）A giant panda family living in the Seac Pai Van Park in China’s Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) has become a cherished source of joy for the residents, as well as an emotional bond the SAR and the mainland. 6.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)Today, woodcarving, aim is to encourage new generations of craftsmen, adapts to modern trends when preserving tradition, standing a living example of human creativity and cultural continuity. 7.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）Eating and nutrition are linked and vital for good health. Proper nutrition involves eating various foods rich essential nutrients (营养物). 8.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）These include eating slowly, listening to the body’s hunger and fullness signals, creating a calm eating environment. 9.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）Overall, mindful eating can be effective tool for improving one’s physical health. 10.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）In recent years, Huangchuan has actively expanded its noodle industry, aiming to achieve both social and economic benefits. Liu’s company alone operates a 5,200-square-meter standardized facility with annual production capacity of 3,000 tons. 11.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Cheng Shao xuan, professor and head of the research center, points out that “rejoining” of scattered oracle bone fragments, may exist in different places, is also a focal (核心的) work. 12.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考） successful Beijing marathon serves as both a testament to how far we have come and s preview of the remarkable innovations still to come. 13.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）At end of his journey, Wang thought highly of the power of China’s high-speed railway system, whose rapid development high efficiency made the impossible possible. 14.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Since 2023, Wu Yuyan has created over 200 bilingual (双语的) short videos, boosting the global profile of Haikou’s volcanic lychees (荔枝) and proving that digital globalization can breathe new life into traditional farming.Wu, former media professional, entered agriculture in 2022 after spotting inefficiencies in the lychee supply chain. 15.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Wu focused her short-video promotion and livestream sales efforts on TikTok and RedNote. Following one video featured a Russian visitor trying the fruit, the sales rocketed (rocket) up overnight. 16.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still use today. 17.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an unusual construction looks like a fish’s mouth. 18.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）Recognised as UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. 19.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）The man had spent a decade wandering in different regions of the country he finally discovered his true calling and passion in his hometown. 20.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）In coastal regions like Fujian and Zhejiang, fish lantern dances are central to the ceremony honors sea gods and celebrates harvests. 21.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）One way around this problem is to study other galaxies resemble the Milky Way. Astronomers investigate a distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass of the Milky Way shortly after its formation in the early Universe. 1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·湖北省新八校协作体高三上学期10月月考） China held a military parade at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing on September 3rd 1 (celebrate) the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. During the parade, more than 10,000 military personnel, along with over 100 aircraft and hundreds of ground weapons, 2 (organize) into 45 formations following a wartime command structure. Most of the People’s Liberation Army’s new support and weapon systems were put 3 display for the first time, 4 (demonstrate) China’s capability for independent innovation in weapon development. All the weapons and equipment are 5 (domestic) produced, featuring higher strike precision, improved battlefield adaptability, and greater effectiveness. The Chinese people made significant contributions to the defense of world peace, which constituted 6 important part of the World Anti-Fascist War. The parade was not meant as a show of force, 7 as a reminder of history and our dedication to peace. People from all walks of life across China felt a deep sense of pride and responsibility while watching the grand military parade. Wu Jiani, a police officer, remarked that the commemoration was so deeply moving 8 she felt a strong emotional bond with those who lived eighty years ago. “ 9 (inspire) by the dedication of wartime heroes, we will continue to serve the people with the same 10 (commit) our soldiers demonstrated during the war,” she added. 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。（2026·四川省天府新区实外高级中学高三上学期10月考） China recently shared exciting news about its space exploration efforts, and revealed the names of its manned lunar lander and a new crew spaceship. This development marks 1 important step in the nation’s efforts 2 (explore) outer space. The lunar lander is named Lanyue, 3 means “embracing (拥抱) the moon”. This choice reflects the dream and confidence of the Chinese people in their space exploration efforts. The crew spaceship has been named Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 4 (indicate) its role in realizing the dream of landing on the moon and exploring newfrontier s in space. Mengzhou will have two versions: one for exploring the moon and the other for trips between Earth 5 the Tiangong space station, and the latter takes over the duties from the current Shenzhou spaceship. These names, Lanyue and Mengzhou, were selected 6 (careful) from nearly 2,000 suggestions by the public to show the wide 7 (participate) and interest of the Chinese people 8 their country’s space missions. China plans to send its first manned mission to the moon around 2030. The Lanyue lander is designed with a landing and propulsion (推进) section to carry two astronauts to the moon. The Mengzhou spacecraft, designed for space travel, 9 (include) a reentry module for the astronauts and a service module 10 (equip) with power and propulsion systems. 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东六校联盟高三上学期第二次联考） China Focus: China’s upscale ice creams melting hearts of consumers Once just a simple way to cool off, ice cream is seeing a surge of new varieties to meet the expanding tastes and preferences of Chinese consumers since its first appearance. On the Chinese lifestyle-sharing app known internationally as RedNote, many users have posted appealing images of upscale ice creams 1 various shapes, ranging from blooming flowers to fresh fruits, each of 2 is the result of delicate craftsmanship. 3 (comment) such as “adorable” and “too pretty to eat” are very common in these posts. Favored by today’s consumers, especially young people, such ice creams 4 (become) commonplace in souvenir shops at tourist attractions across China since their first appearance. Handan Museum, a well-known tourist site in Hebei in April introduced creative ice creams that drew inspiration from two precious artifacts 5 (house) in the museum. “Blind boxes” containing randomly flavored ice creams are also on sale to attract customers. The museum’s ice creams have been 6 hit among visitors since their launch, with over 100 sold daily this summer. Food industry analyst Zhu Danpeng believes the 7 (emerge) of these visually appealing ice creams reflects a thirst for emotional and 8 (spirit) well-being in consumption. The shift to healthy eating has spurred changes in the industry. Traditional ice cream makers are adjusting their ingredients 9 unveiling new products in response to evolving needs, while new brands are winning customers by labeling themselves as producers of handcrafted and 10 (fresh) made ice creams. 1. (2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them. 2.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 4.（2020新课标I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 6.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 　　　　　　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 7.（2022·全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 8.（2020年1月浙江卷）A child born in the US today has ____63_____very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. 9.（2025·八省联考卷）1.Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and cooperation between China and 44 rest of the world. 10．(2021·全国甲卷) It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 11.(2022年新高考II卷) ___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 12.（2022年1月浙江高考卷）The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___59___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. 13.（2023•1月新高考浙江卷）Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ________ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. 14.（2023•新高考Ⅰ卷）There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 　　　 hand rather than rolled. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 29 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考点02 语法填空—无提示词的语法填空 温馨提示： 本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点） 1. 高考真题优生考点易错分析 年份 试卷类别 题型 优生易错题 错误原因分析 解决方案 2025 全国I卷 语法填空 59.guide易错 不规则词形转换，拼写错误 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 62.by易错 考查by表示差值的用法，容易被忽视 培优注重没考过的，比较重要的知识点，不留死角。 64.and易错 文章最后一段就是一个句子，是一个长难句，在加上前面有个and，导致考生受到干扰，不考虑并列关系。 分析长难句是培优的重要任务，要天天练，坚持不懈。 全国II卷 60. myself 反身代词容易被忽视 代词复习要全面 64. afternoons 这个名词复数比较少见，容易被忽视 增加文章的阅读量，扩展视野是培优的关键 1月浙江卷 58．on and focus instead 58 the fact 受instead的影响，容易错填of 注意分析句子结构，and前后并列关系 59．and 句中连续出现and，感到有些费解 分析句子结构，分析长难句的能力 64．people’s 名词所有格平时模拟考试考查较少，这个空容易被误填为名词复数 全面复习，不留死角才能让优生脱颖而出 2024 新课标I卷 56. engineering 名词到名词的词形转换，此处是名词作定语，出现比较少，容易被忽视 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词，扩大阅读量，开阔视野 60. walks 此处walk用法特殊，用作及物动词 全面理解词汇的多种含义，注重一词多义 63. as 受stands的影响，容易错填for 注意准确理解文章的真正含义是关键 新课标II卷 39. to is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”受插入语in some ways的影响，容易填错 善于分析句子的整体，从句子的整体出发，思考问题 42. visibility visible--visibility比较少见，容易被忽视 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 全国甲卷 43. what 由于平时模拟考试考查定语从句太多，名词性从句容易被忽视 强化定语从句以外的其他从句 49. largest 语境理解失误 准确理解语境是关键 1月浙江卷 37. or 忽视either...or...的用法，缺乏句子的整体意识 对这种题一定要从句子的整体入手，如果忽视整体，很容易误入歧途 39. what 表语从句从句的连接词，注意分析句子成分 强化定语从句以外的其他从句 45. ones 代词的复数容易被忽视 全面复习代词等小词知识 2023 38. or 缺乏整体句子观念，造成的失误，一定注意whether...or...这个结构的整体意识 提高分析长难句的能力 新高考全国Ⅰ卷 41. to be lifted 由于模拟题考查，不定式的被动式较少，造成失误 全面复习非谓语动词的各种形式 43. a a touch of 这个短语用的较少 扩大阅读量，增加见识 45. wanting wanting作主语补足语，比较难 重点复习非谓语动词 全国乙卷 46. Having visited 对现在分词的完成时理解不到位 重点复习非谓语动词 全国甲卷 43. as As引导的非限制性定语从句，容易被忽视 非主流的定语从句不可忽视 46. intended 注意：短语be intended for专门为……设计的，此处作定语 注意由动词的过去分词转化成的形容词的用法 1月浙江卷 61．spacious 比较特殊的词形转换 全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词 59．were permitted permit没有双写造成错误 全面熟记不规则动词表 新高考全国II卷 58. with 此处容易误填为to，注意文章的意思 理解文章意思是根据 60. visiting 此处visiting是形容词，意为：来访的 注意特殊形式的词形变化及意义 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：一、考查中国传统文化。二、考查人物故事。三、考查科学技术进步。四、考查跨学科融合。五、考查中外文化交流，国际视野。注重通过语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。 2．从命题思路上看： (1)从句中的连接词和并列连词是必考点，是考查的重点和难点； (2)介词是必考点，要熟悉常用介词及短语的意义和用法； (3)冠词是常考点，要掌握冠词的基本用法； (4)其次，无提示词代词是考查频度较小的考点。 【培优策略】 1．熟练掌握定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句和并列句的用法，格外重视名词性从句的用法。 2．熟练掌握冠词的基本用法和意义。 3．熟练掌握常用介词的用法，对特殊介词的掌握是培优的重点。 3.【命题预测】 预计2026从句和介词的用法仍然是命题的重点，冠词常考。复习过程中要熟练掌握从句中的连接词的用法及并列句中的连词用法，熟悉冠词的基本用法。 考点一 考查定语从句 1．确定是定语从句 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句。当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点，还是其他，然后再根据先行词在句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 2．掌握三步法解题技巧 (1)分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。 ①先行词的后面出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句。 ②that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 ③which引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容；代表整个主句时，which意为“这一点”。 ④as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case等。 (2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因)。 ①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose； ②先行词指物：that/which/whose； ③表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。 (3)判断定语从句所缺成分，确定关系词。 ①缺少主语：that/which/who； ②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom； ③缺少定语：whose； ④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。 1．that与which的区别 (1)只用which不用that的情况： ①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时； ②引导非限制性定语从句时。 (2)只用that不用which的情况： ①当先行词是all、everything、nothing、something、few、little、much等不定代词时； ②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the only、any、the last等修饰时； ③先行词既有人又有物时。 2．which与as 关系词 which as 位置上 只能放在主句的后面 位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于句末 搭配上 无动词的 限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see、hear、know、expect、remember等 意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如……”“正像……的那样” 考查定语从句中的关系代词 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.（2025年1月浙江高考）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果，容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端，这条小路追溯了丝路沿线，各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国，并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词是the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 4. (2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 只用that而不用which的情况 当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。 考查定语从句中的关系副词 1.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【答案】where 【解析】where。解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故填when。 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.（2021·天津卷3月改编） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them. 【答案】which　 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：William Hastie曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。分析句子结构可知，该句为介词提前的定语从句。故填which指代先行词past mistakes。 2.(2020·江苏卷改编)Many lessons are now available online, from__________students can choose for free. 【答案】which 【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多课可以在线获得，学生可以免费选择。该空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词宾语，且介词前置，所以只能用which。 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends. 一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。 Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。 3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。 The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. 这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。 3.（2022年北京卷）That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 考查as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 1.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园——220万英亩——直到阿拉斯加南部的朗格尔-圣伊莱亚斯，1978年成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩成为国家公园。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 2.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 　　　　　　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.  【答案】as　 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:正如Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中所说,今天寓言的形式仍然有价值。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句,as作says的宾语,指代前面整个句子的内容。故填as。 which与as引导非限制性定语从句的三点区别： 考查定语从句中的所属关系 1.（2023年全国乙卷改编）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman _________hair color looked just perfect. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 2.（2020年新课标Ⅲ）In ancient China lived an artist__________paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9月考）This character, 12 gender and nine teeth serve as key identifying features, has managed to win the heart of art toy enthusiasts with its unique blend of cuteness and rebellious(反叛的) appeal. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个角色，其性别和九颗牙齿是关键识别特征，以其可爱与反叛魅力的独特融合赢得了艺术玩具爱好者的心。空格后是名词短语gender and nine teeth，整个句子是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰主语This character，并在从句中作定语，表示“它的性别和牙齿”，因此使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 2.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）The couple is named after the Chinese word kaixin, 43 means happy. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这对夫妇的名字取自中文单词“开心”，意思是快乐。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Chinese word kaixin，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 3.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields 109 may transform industries and daily life. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对于考虑未来在科技领域发展的学生来说，人形机器人代表着最具前景和令人兴奋的领域之一，它可能会改变各行各业和日常生活。空处引导定语从句，先行词fields，在从句中作主语，先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 4.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）The most intense moment came, Wang had only 31 minutes to transfer (换乘) from Beijing West Station to Beijing South Station by subway. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最紧张的时刻到来了—— 王东只有 31 分钟时间从北京西站乘地铁换乘到北京南站。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the most intense moment，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故填when。 5.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）Rooted in classical Chinese philosophy stresses the balance between humans and nature, TCM is increasingly winning the interest of younger generations. 【答案】that/ which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中医植根于强调人与自然和谐共处的中国传统哲学之中，如今正越来越受到年轻一代的青睐。本空所在句为定语从句，先行词是“classical Chinese philosophy”，指物，在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词“that”或“which”引导。故填that/ which。 考点二 考查名词性从句 宾语从句 1.宾语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 ①I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。 ②We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。 ③I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。 2．形式宾语【高频再现】 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb. that＋从句 Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 表语从句 1.表语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom, which，whichever, whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句【高频再现】 (1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” 主语从句 1.主语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which, whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where，how, why 在从句中作状语 When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。 Where Professor Han was born is known to the public.韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。 What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。 (1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。 That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。 (2)whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice. 这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。 2．形式主语【高频再现】 it作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 (4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句 It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 宾语从句 1.（2024·全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43 is now northwestern Wyoming. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 2.（2022年1月浙江）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 表语从句 1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）This is　　　　　　 they need an English trainer.  【答案】why　 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要一名英语教练的原因。本空引导表语从句,根据句意可知,本空在从句中作原因状语,故应用连接副词why。 3.(2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：交换的基本原则之一是每个人在带走之前必须要试穿衣服。从句中意思完整，不缺成分，故填that。 名词性从句中that与what的区别： 引导名词性从句既可以用that，也可以用what。两者的区别在于that在句中不作成分，what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 主语从句 1.（2021新课标I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What. 2.(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem__________we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们是否能赢得战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。 whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。 3.Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping them with the restoration. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：此外，丝绸的质地和颜色都变得不一致，这使得创造必要的原材料和匹配颜色变得困难。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语，主句从句的成分和语义均完整，因此应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 what & that在名词性从句中的用法： that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。 I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。 1． it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知，是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题，所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 2．It’s quite obvious the aging population in China will cause a heavy pressure on the whole society in the future. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：很明显，中国的人口老龄化将在未来给整个社会造成沉重的压力。it为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，构成固定句型it is obvious that…，意为“显然……”。故填that。 3． Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place. 【答案】Where 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知，但也有人认为其出生地另有他处。空格处引导主语从句，由but some say it was a different place可知，句子表示“中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知”，空格处在主语从句中作地点状语，意为“……的地方”，用连接副词where引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Where。 4． is important is that as we enter a new lunar year people globally appreciate the cultural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，随着我们进入一个新的农历年，全球人民都能欣赏到龙这样的中国象征所体现的文化价值。_______is important是连接词引导的主语从句，在该从句中作主语，指代一件事，要用连接代词what，what放在句首时首字母要大写。故填What。 5．（2026·河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学高三上学期开学）To him, Wudang has now become a second home and martial arts and traditional Chinese culture are his “lifetime passion” settled. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：对他来说，武当如今已成为第二故乡，而武术与中国传统文化则是他“毕生热爱”的寄托之处。这里考查表语从句，从句中“his ‘lifetime passion’ settled”主谓结构完整，但缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故填where。 6．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey. This is he can make 72 changes, turning himself into different animals and objects. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：事实上，他有时甚至看起来都不像一只猴子。这是因为他能够做出 72 种变化，把自己变成各种不同的动物和物体。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作状语，表示原因，故应用连接副词 because。故填because。 7．Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into we know now. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学习历史能让我们洞察到我们的文化为何会有某些特定的行为，以及过去是如何将其塑造成为我们现在所了解的样子。into后接宾语从句，从句中know后缺少宾语，应用引导词指代“我们现在所了解的(文化的)样子”，what可在宾语从句中充当宾语，指代事物。故填what。 考点三 考查状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。 Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。 when还可表原因，意为“既然”。 How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？ 2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)，这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。 The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。 　no sooner... than..., hardly/scarcely....when....的时态搭配：hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. ＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。 3．before (1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”。 The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。 Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。 (2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……。 It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……多久了。 John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。 二、条件状语从句 1．通常由if, unless, as(so)long as, in case(that), once等连词引导。 Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent. 除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。 2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。 You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank. 只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。 三、让步状语从句 1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), whenever, whether... or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。 Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. 尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。 However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. 不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。 2．while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。 While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it. 尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。 [ 　while也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。 At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another. 在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。 四、原因状语从句与方式状语从句 1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等引导。 The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive. 卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。 He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么也没发生。 2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that), considering that等引导。 Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself. 既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。 Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it. 鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。 五、地点状语从句 1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。 The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother. 这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。 Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。 2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。 3．where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别 where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake. ＝When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake. 当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。 六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句 1．目的状语从句。 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that, for fear that, in case，lest等。 (1)in order that与so that。 两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. 我说慢一点以便你能听懂。 In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early. 为了能看到日出，我们很早就向山顶出发了。 (2)for fear that, in case与lest。 这三个从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should＋)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that... not...或in order that... not...。 The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father(should) see him. 男孩躲到树后以防被父亲发现。 Take your raincoat in case/lest it (should) rain. 带着你的雨衣，以防下雨。 2．结果状语从句。 (1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so...that..., such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...和such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略，注意其结构形式： Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him. ＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him. 迈克是如此诚实的工人以至于我们都信任他。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气如此的好，我们都想去公园。 He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family. 他挣钱太少以至于无法养活家人。 (2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. 他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能算出所有的难题。 六、状语从句的省略 在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且含有动词be时，可以将从句主语和动词be动词省略。 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出学校。 The problem, if not carefully dealt with, will cause a lot of damage. 这个问题，如果不小心处理，将会造成重大损失。 The dying man is moving his eyes slowly as if looking for his family. 这个奄奄一息的人慢慢地转动眼睛好像在寻找家人。 考查状语从句的连词 1. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 【答案】When 【解析】考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民他可以在哪里找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们微笑着指着河的方向。根据句意填When。 2. (北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out. 【答案】until 【解析】考查连词。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知，此处用until引导时间状语从句。 如何确定状语从句 1．确定是状语从句 空处所在的句子作整个句子的状语时，应用状语从句的引导词。 2．状语从句的特殊考点要记牢 (1)连词before的意义及句型 It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“多久以后才……”；It won't be＋一段时间＋before ...“用不了多久就……”。 (2)连词since的意义及句型 It is ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句＝It has been ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句。 该固定句型意为“自从……以来，已经多长时间了”。 (3)whether ...or ...，疑问词＋-ever，引导让步状语从句。 (4)where引导地点状语从句。 [ 　1．when, while, as (1)when, while, as三者都可以用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 (2)在when和as引导的从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是终止性动词，而在while引导的从句中，谓语动词只能是延续性动词。 (3)三者中as引导时间状语从句时，表示主从句动作同时发生或前后紧接着发生，常译为“(正当)……的时候”“随着……”“一边……一边……”等。 2．so ...that ..., such ...that ... (1)二者都可以引导结果状语从句。so 后中心词为形容词或副词， such后中心词为名词。 (2)若中心词之前有表示数量的many、much、little、few修饰时，只能用so。 3.(2018·江苏卷)__________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 【答案】Unless 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：你如果睡不好的话，一两个晚上后就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。unless意为“如果不，除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。 4.(湖南卷)__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 【答案】However 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。故填However。 首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。 考查状语从句的省略 1. (陕西卷)All the photographs in this book，__________stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s. 【答案】unless 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50年代。所填词表条件，从句用了省略句式。根据句意填unless。 2.(全国卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting. 【答案】compared 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：电影的历史相当短，尤其是与像音乐和绘画这类艺术形式相比较时。主语film是compare这个动作的受动者，所以用过去分词表被动。故填compared。 状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。 1.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)At the same time, many traditional tools like gouges (凿子) remain essential, which demonstrates the craft’s respect for time-honored methods, 55 modern tools are gradually being adopted for efficiency. 【答案】though/although/while 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：同时，许多传统工具，如凿子，仍然是必不可少的，这表明了这门工艺对历史悠久的方法的尊重，尽管现代工具正逐渐被采用以提高效率。根据句意可知，逗号前后表示让步关系，用从属连词though/although/while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。故填though/although/while。 2.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）The findings, mostly from the Yinxu site in Anyang, are of great value 95 present-day written characters can trace their history to the inscriptions. 【答案】because 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这些发现大多来自安阳的殷墟遗址，具有很高的价值，因为现在的汉字可以追溯到这些铭文。本空引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because。故填because。 3．If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay you are and wait for help. 【答案】where 【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，你最好待在原地等待救援。分析句子结构可知，stay 在句中为不及物动词，空处应是地点状语从句的引导词，用以表明stay这一动作发生的地点，应用where引导。故填 where。 4．In order we can restore the ecological (生态的) environment, the local government launched the “Saihanba Project”. 【答案】that 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：为了能够恢复生态环境，当地政府启动了“塞罕坝工程”。“我们可以恢复生态环境”是“当地政府启动了塞罕坝工程”的目的，因此从句部分应为目的状语从句，结合空前“In order”可知，此处应用in order that引导目的状语从句。故填that。 5．After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 【答案】that 【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：蒂达勒说，查理心脏病发作后，她原本打算让他安乐死，但法伯的治疗让这只狗的痛苦减轻了许多，以至于她得以让其多活了五个月。根据空格前的so much和下文的句子可知，此处考查固定搭配so...that...“如此……以致……”引导结果状语从句。故填that。 6． the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride. 【答案】If 【解析】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果自行车有一段时间没有用过，在骑车之前先把它调试一下。前后句之间为假设关系，表示“如果”，用连词if引导条件状语从句。故填If。 考点四 考查并列句及并列连词 1．确定填并列连词 无提示词，空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。 2．两个技巧要熟用 技巧1：关系分析法 分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。 (1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、both ...and ...、not only ...but (also) ...、neither ...nor ...等。 (2)表示选择关系的有or、either ...or ...、not ...but ...等。 (3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。 (4)表示因果关系的有so、for等。 技巧2：句型法 (1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，如表示顺承用and，表示转折用or。 (2)when作并列连词的常用句型： Sb be doing sth when ... Sb be about to do sth when ... Sb had (just) done sth when ... Hardly ...when ... 1．并列句与定语从句 防止并列句与定语从句混用：并列句由and、but等并列连词连接，句中已有连接词，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。 ①They live in a small house, in front of ___________stands an orange tree. ②They live in a small house, and in front of ___________ stands an orange tree. 【解析】两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示物，故填which；句②中and连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的a small house，故填it。 ③The old man has three sons, none of ___________ is a doctor. ④The old man has three sons, but none of ___________is a doctor. 【解析】两句的区别是连词but，句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示人，且其前为介词of，故填whom；句④中but连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的three sons，故填them。 2．并列句与状语从句 辨清并列句与状语从句：并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而状语从句中前后两个句子，一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。 ①___________you take the medicine, you will be all right. ②Take this medicine, ___________you will be all right. 【解析】句①空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If；句②中两个并列分句是顺承关系，故填and。 ③ ___________money is necessary for a happy life, it can't buy happiness. ④Money is necessary for a happy life, ___________it can't buy happiness. 【解析】句③空处所在句子是让步状语从句，故填Although/Though；句④空处前后是转折关系，故填but。 考查并列和递进关系 1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系，have和are是谓语动词，应用连词and连接。故填and。 2.（2024·新高考II卷）It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed. 【答案】 and 【解析】考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 考查转折和选择关系 1.(2024·1月浙江卷) Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 【答案】or 【解析】考查固定句式（并列连词）。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 2.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 【答案】 but 【解析】考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 1.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Fish lanterns not only brighten festivals, bringing blessings of success and auspiciousness year after year, carry forward China’s rich cultural spirit. May their light continue to inspire and unite people for generations to come. 【答案】but 【解析】考查连词。句意：鱼灯不仅照亮了节日，带来了年年成功和吉祥的祝福，而且传承了中国丰富的文化精神。“not only...but (also)...”是复合连词，意为“不但……而且……”，also可省略。故填but。 2.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）Studies of the Galaxy’s (星系) ancient stars offer some clues, as do simulations (模拟), the observable light from our home galaxy was emitted (发出) too recently to enable astronomers to examine its beginnings directly. 【答案】but 【解析】考查连词。句意：对银河系古老恒星的研究提供了一些线索，计算机模拟也提供了帮助，但我们所在银河系发出的可观察光线太过“年轻”，无法让天文学家直接探究它的起源。前文说对星系古老恒星的研究和模拟提供了一些线索，后文说来自我们星系的可观测光发出时间太晚，不能让天文学家直接研究其起源，前后是转折关系，空处应使用转折连词but。故填but。 3.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）In east China’s Zhejiang Province, a local TCM institution offers evening sessions in Yijinjing — a traditional breathing slow body-moving exercise, which quickly became a hit among working youth. Classes begin at 6 pm and often run overtime due to popular demand. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：在中国东部的浙江省，当地的一家中医机构推出了《易筋经》的晚间课程——这是一种传统的呼吸和缓慢的身体运动练习，很快就在职场青年中流行起来。traditional breathing和slow body-moving exercise是并列关系，应用并列连词“and”连接。故填and。 考点五 考查特殊句式 强调结构 1．强调句型。 (1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/w＋被强调的部分＋tt/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。 (2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ He asked what it was that made him so upset. 他询问究竟是什么让他如此难过。 (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ 强调句型亦可用于宾语从句中，但注意语序要用陈述句语序。 It was not until he took off his sunglasses that I realized him. 直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他。 (4)not...until句型的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分。 2．强调谓语动词。 用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 倒装句 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also..., not until, nowhere, neither...nor...等。 Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. 她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。 2．only＋状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. 讨论这个问题数小时后他们才做出决定。 3．作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常把作状语的介词短语置于句首。 Through the window came in the sweet music. 从窗户里飘出美妙的音乐。 4．so/such...that...结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So frightened was she that she could not say a word. 她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。 5．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 6．as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分”的形式。 使用as进行倒装时需要注意的是： (1)句首是单数可数名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。 Pop star as she is, she still needs to improve. 尽管她已是很受欢迎的歌手，但仍需要提高。 (2)句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Fail as I did, I would never give up.尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。 省略句 1．复合句中的省略。 在用as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. 这本书里的相片，除非有说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。 2．动词不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略。 在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。 3．so/not构成替代省略。 英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在I'm afraid/IpI think/II believe等开头的答句中；条件状语从句中有时也有类似的用法，如：if so/if not等。 It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately. 听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。 there be 句型 There be 句型表示“某时间/空间存在/有……”，there本身没有词义，谓语动词be后面的名词/代词是主语。be可以有不同的时态，可以和情态动词连用。There be结构中的谓语动词be有时可用remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur, happen to be, appear to be, seem to be , used to be等替换。 Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那以后，我国发生了许多巨大的变化。 a．There be句型中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。 There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶中有一朵花。 There are five books on the desk. 桌上有五本书。 b．若There be句型中主语为并列结构，be的数和人称遵循就近原则。 There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个老师。 c. there be结构的非谓语动词形式 There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。 I expect there to be no argument about this. 我希望在这方面不会有任何争论。 I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me. 我从没想过会有什么好机会。 There being nothing else to do，we went home. (there be句型的独立主格结构) 由于我们无事可做，我们就回家了。 there be句型的常考句型： There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事 There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/ with sth.做某事(没)有困难 There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能 知识点4 感叹句 1．what引导的感叹句 what引导的感叹句 示例 What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What a good heart you have!你的心肠真好！ What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What interesting stories he's told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ 2．how引导的感叹句 how引导的感叹句 示例 How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ How clever the boy is!这个男孩多么聪明啊！ How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！ How clever a boy he is! 他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！ How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! 光阴似箭！ 考查强调句型 1. (2025·安徽省高中毕业班第二次联考) It wasn’t until the Ming and Qing dynasties ________ the seal’s usage moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the expansion of arts. 【答案】that 【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到明清两朝，由于艺术的发展，印章的使用才从宫廷转移到个人。not...until...是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，其强调句型为：It + is/was not until...+ that + 句子其它部分。分析句子可知，句中使用了该强调句型，强调的是原句时间状语“not until the Ming and Qing dynasties”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。 1.针对not…until…句型进行强调，要把not一并提前，构成“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。” 2.注意用于强调句型就不能把Not until….倒装句式混用。 2.（2025·河南省郑州高三联考） ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat meat. 【答案】It 【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到我听说她生病了，我才知道她不能吃肉。该句是强调句型：It is/was +强调部分+that/who+其他，强调内容为人时，用that/who，强调内容为物时，用that。此处强调的是时间状语从句。单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 识别强调句的变型 1.当强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，其句式为：主语+谓语+特殊疑问词+it is/was +that+其他。 2.注意宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 3.It was in the park I went for a walk yesterday I discovered the wallet. 【答案】where that 【解析】考查强调句和定语从句。句意：昨天我去散步的那个公园，就是我发现钱包的地方。第一空：该空引导定语从句，先行词park在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导从句；第二空：“It is/was+被强调部分+that（强调人可用who）句子其他成分”是强调句的基本句型，此处对地点状语进行强调，需填that。故填①where；②that。 1.有些句子特别复杂，把强调句型和定语从句融合在一起，其句式为：It is/was+被强调部分+定语从句+that/who+其他。 2.解题时注意断句，把定语从句视为一个整体单位来理解。 考查倒装句 1.（2025·福建·期中）The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study. 【答案】is situated 【解析】考查倒装句、时态和语态。句意：亮点可能是中央庭院，里面是花园中最大的亭子，专为学术研究而设计。根据主句的is和句意，这里陈述都是客观事实，应用一般现在时。inside which...为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，且表示方位的介词短语位于句首，所以从句用全部倒装，即将谓语全部置于主语之前。从句主语是the largest pavilion，和situate(使位于，使坐落于)之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is situated。 2.（2025·哈尔滨·开学考试）He also believes that when more people know about animals can nature be better protected, for which he will continue to show the beautiful wildlife to the world with his camera. 【答案】only 【解析】句意：他还相信，只有更多的人了解动物，自然才能得到更好的保护，为此，他将继续用他的相机向世界展示美丽的野生动物。根据后文的can nature be better protected是部分倒装句，并结合句意可知，表示“只有”用only，only+when引导的时间状语从句位于that引导的宾语从句的句首，后文使用部分倒装。故填only。 1.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，句子（主句）采用部分倒装语序。 2.only修饰状语从句时，注意主句部分倒装，从句不倒装。 3.（2025·浙江高三模拟测试） Not until I returned________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 【答案】did 【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：直到回来，我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的。not until放在句首，主句要部分倒装。结合前文的returned可知，可知为一般过去时，故在主句主语I前加did。故填did。 1.Not until…句型位于句首，句子采用倒装语序。注意until从句不倒装。 2.not/never/hardly….until…构成否定句式，主句谓语动词用瞬时性动词。 3.后接名词短语时，until用作介词；后接从句时，until用作连词。 考查省略句 1.（2025·江苏南通统考）When (step) into the exhibition hall, visitors will be greeted with both technology and relics. 【答案】stepping 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：踏入展厅时，参观者将看到技术和文物。此处是when引导的状语从句的省略，当主句主语和从句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，主语visitors与空处为主动关系，完整从句为when they are stepping into the exhibition hall，省略主语和be动词，故填stepping。 2.（2025·江苏南通期中）If (interest), just participate and you will be amazed to experience the combination of tradition and culture. 【答案】interested 【解析】考查状语从句省略。句意：如果有兴趣，就参加吧，你会惊奇地体验到传统与文化的结合。If引导条件状语从句，此处从句主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词，可以省略从句主语和be动词，完整句子为If you are interested, just participate and you will be amazed...省略you are，保留形容词interested“感兴趣的”。故填interested。 状语从句的省略 状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。 考查there be句型 1.There (be) neither gas nor electricity at home, we had to go to the nearest restaurant to have lunch. 【答案】being 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：家里既没有煤气也没有电，我们不得不去最近的餐馆吃午饭。这是There being用于独立主格结构作状语，相当于一个状语从句。故答案是being。 2. We don’t want there (be) any student falling behind. 【答案】to be 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不想有学生掉队。这是“动词+there+ to be”句型，用于描述某个地方或情境中存在某种事物或人物。故填to be。 1.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）“I had decided to study TCM long before I took gaokao in 2025,” said Zhang Honglin, an excited incoming freshman at BUCM. “In high school, I battled against my ankle injuries— was TCM that finally cured me.” 【答案】it 【解析】考查强调句。句意：“在高中时期，我一直在与脚踝受伤的问题作斗争——最终是中医帮我治好了这个病。”本句是强调句It was/is+被强调部分+that+其他，此处强调主语TCM。 故填it。 2.What a pity, my new computer doesn’t work. must be something wrong with it. 【答案】There 【解析】考查there be句型。句意：真遗憾，我的新电脑坏了。一定是出了什么问题。分析句子可知，这里考查there be…句型的变式，be动词前加上情态动词，且句首时首字母应大写。故填There。 3.The sun and the mao, when (join) together, both support and contain the neighbouring parts. 【答案】joined 【解析】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：当榫和卯连接在一起时，两者都支持并包含相邻的部分。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当榫和卯被连接在一起时”，句子描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，The sun and the mao是两个东西，因此谓语动词用复数，when引导的从句写作“when the sun and the mao are joined together”，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是joined。故填joined。 4.（2025·湖北武汉联考）“By connecting past and present, we’re sure that never will these age-old skills (forget),” Hao says. 【答案】be forgotten 【解析】考查语态。句意：“通过连接过去和现在，我们确信这些古老的技能永远不会被遗忘，”郝说。该句为否定词位于句首引出的部分倒装句，主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文will可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填be forgotten。 考点六 考查冠词的用法 知识点1不定冠词表示泛指 1.根据语境判断不定冠词表示泛指：（常考点） (1)不定冠词与单数名词连用，泛指一类事物或一类事物中的一个。 (2)用于某人或某物的名字前，指与其具有相同特性的人或物。 (3)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 (4)a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 (5)用于表示价格、速度、比率、时间、重量、长度等的单位名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every，each或per。 (6)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有形容词修饰时，加a或an。 2. 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构，发现空后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an。 知识点2 定冠词表特指 ①用于特指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 When I passed the station this morning, I saw an accident.今天早晨经过车站时，我看到了一起交通事故。 ②用于复述上文已经提到的人或事物。 I applied for a university in the USA. The university enjoys a good reputation.我申请了一所美国大学，这所大学享有很好的声誉。 ③用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或发明创造的名词前。 The sun is much larger than the earth.太阳比地球大的多。 ④用于表示演奏的西洋乐器的名词前。 He started to play the piano at five.他五岁开始学习弹钢琴。 【高频再现】 ①用于姓氏的复数前表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Smiths are watching TV now.史密斯一家正在看电视。 ②用于形容词前表示一类人。 the rich, the poor, the old, the Chinese, the wounded, the injured, the disabled。 ③用于序数词或形容词的最高级前面。 The first thing you should do is to think it over and over again.你首先要做的事情是再三考虑一下。 知识点3 短语中的冠词 1．高频短语中的不定冠词 不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如catch a cold、have a fever、all of a sudden、as a matter of fact、as a result、have a gift for、make a living、have/take a rest、give sb a lift、have a good knowledge of、a handful of 等。 2．高频短语中的定冠词 ①定冠词用在固定搭配中，如at the same time、on the contrary、to tell the truth、in the distance、make the most/best of、in the middle of、on the spot等。 ②动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位。 知识点4 句型中的冠词 常考的固定句型中的冠词 1.主语+be+the size/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象 Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。 2.主语+be+the+形容词比较级+of/between... He is the taller of the two. 他是两人之中较高的那个。 3. 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 4. one of+the+形容词或副词最高级 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。 5.one... the other ...一个，另一个 知识点5 抽象名词具体化中的冠词 ①抽象名词具体化，使之具有了“一”的概念。 The house is full of joy. The little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物) Failure is the mother of success. He is a success. （一个成功的人或物） He gave me a lot of pleasure. It is a pleasure to work with you. （一件令人愉快的事情） She looked up in surprise. What a great surprise you gave me. （一件令人惊讶的事情） Knowledge is power. He has a wide knowledge of animals. （一门…的知识） He received little education/ a good education. （一种…的教育） ②某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用，而变成具体化的名词。例如 I like coffee. Would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡) I has just had lunch. I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐) 考查不定冠词表泛指 1.（2025年1月浙江高考）The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 2. （2022年全国甲卷） 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词。他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，用a，注意首字母大写。故填A。 2.有定语从句修饰的名词不一定是特指，有时是泛指。 【经典例题】（2004·福建卷）It is______ world of wonders,______ world where anything can happen. A.a;the                      B.a;a                  C.the;a               D.不填；不填 【答案】B 【解析】考查不定冠词；句意：这是一个充满奇迹的世界，一个任何事情都能发生的世界。a world of一个……的世界；第二空是同位语, 表示不确定。 【解读】虽然world后有定语从句where anything can happen修饰，但任何事情都能发生的那个世界还没到来，是将来的一个世界，具有不确定性，是抽象的，是目前看不到的，所以用不定冠词表泛指，用a。 It is a world of wonders, a world where anything can happen. 考查定冠词表特指 1. (2023年新高考II卷) Not the pandas, even though 　　59　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 【答案】the　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练说明中使用的语言实际上是英语。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故本空应用定冠词the。 2. (2023年1月浙江高考卷) In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 判断泛指和特指的方法 注意泛指还是特指 ①如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。 ②如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。 ③如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。 考查短语中的冠词 1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：此外，温室周围的丝绸之路花园带领游客踏上一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，通过这条丝绸之路，丝绸和许多植物物种首次来到英国。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with 　　　63　　　 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点儿甜味,汤应该是热的、清澈的和美味的。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。 考查句型中的冠词 1. （2024年1月浙江高考真题）Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 【答案】 the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 考向5 考查抽象名词具体化中的冠词 (2021新课标I) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 65 　 must to visit! 【答案】a 【解析】句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a. 1.所有学生都知道must是情态动词，意为：必须。但有些学生不知道其用作名词时，意为：一件必须要做的事。 2.此处考查抽象名词具体化。 1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）And the change in the wavelength is determined by the distance the light travels and age of the Universe at the time of emission. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：而且，波长的变化是由光传播的距离以及光发射时宇宙的年龄所决定的。名词age为可数名词，此处特指光发出时宇宙的年龄，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 2.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Dancers hold glowing lanterns and move in harmony, creating the illusion (错觉) of ocean of light. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：舞者手持发光的灯笼，和谐地移动，营造出一片光的海洋的错觉。此处泛指“一片光的海洋”，且ocean发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）Nowadays, visitors planning a trip to the Wanglang National Nature Reserve in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, have a great opportunity to gather information about destination through mobile apps. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：如今，计划前往四川省平武县王朗国家级自然保护区的游客们有一个很好的机会，可以通过手机应用收集关于目的地的信息。destination特指前文已经明确提到的Wanglang National Nature Reserve (四川平武王朗国家级自然保护区) ，需用定冠词修饰。故填the。 4.（2026·山东省大联考高三上学期10月月考）Once regarded as a less popular academic path, TCM programs have seen noticeable rise in admission scores across the country this year. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：曾经被视为不太受青睐的学术道路，中医专业今年在全国范围内的录取分数线却有了显著提高。rise是可数名词，应用不定冠词表泛指，且noticeable是以辅音音素发音开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词。故填a。 考点七 考查介词的意义及用法 知识点1 介词的基本含义及用法 介词的基本含义总结 (1)in表示情况、状态，意为“处在……中”；表示手段、形式、方式，意为“以，用”；表示服饰，意为“穿着，戴着”；表示范围、领域，意为“在……方面”。 (2)with表示状态，意为“带有，具有”；表示手段、方法，意为“以，用”；表示关系，意为“和……在一起”；表示伴随，意为“随着”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。 (3)by用于被动语态，意为“被，由”；表示方式，意为“用，靠，凭借”；表示乘用交通工具，意为“乘坐，驾驶”。 (4)for表示方向，意为“往，向”；表示对象、用途等，意为“为，给”；表示时间、距离、数量等，意为“计，达”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。 (5)through表示位置，意为“穿过”；表示时间，意为“在整个期间，自始至终”；表示手段、媒介，意为“以，凭借”。 (6)as介词的用法：①如同，像；②作为，当作 忽略介词的核心意义（语境中介词的基本用法） 仔细分析句子结构，句子的逻辑意思即可推知常用介词的基础含义。 具体步骤如下: 第一步：观察设空处为无提示词，根据句法确定为介词。 第二步：理清句子成分，合理翻译句意，推知介词的核心意义。 第三步：根据介词的基础用法即可填写答案。 知识点2 介词短语的含义和用法 常考的介词短语 ①at＋名词 at a loss不知所措at dinner在吃晚餐at peace处于和平状态at dawn在黎明at war在战争中at work在工作 ②其他高频介词短语 against time 争分夺秒at the sight of 一看到……at the age of在……岁时in the face of　 面对；面临in addition (to)另外；除了in case of　 万一in charge of负责；主管in favour of赞成；支持in need of 需要in no time立刻in a hurry匆忙in preparation for为……作准备in return for作为回报of help/use 有帮助的/有用的of importance重要的on behalf of代表 ③by＋名词 by accident偶然地by chance偶然地by force用暴力by hand手工地by mistake错误地by the month按月算 ④beyond＋名词 beyond comparison无与伦比beyond control失控beyond description难以描述beyond doubt毋庸置疑beyond expression 难以表达beyond (one's) reach够不到 ⑤in＋名词 in bed在床上；卧床in danger处于危险中in debt负债in difficulty 处于困难中in high spirits情绪高昂in need处于困难中in order 整齐；井然有序in surprise 吃惊地in trouble 在困难中in use使用中 ⑥on＋名词 on a trip在旅行on business出差on display/show在展出on duty在值班on holiday/vacation在度假on sale在出售on strike在罢工on the way在途中 ⑦out of＋名词 out of balance失去平衡out of control失去控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date过期out of order出故障out of work失业 ⑧under＋名词 under consideration在考虑中under construction在建造中under control在控制之下under discussion在讨论中under pressure在压力下under repair在修理中under treatment在治疗中 忽略设空处前后词的搭配（固定短语错用） 观察设空处前后，如果考查固定短语中的介词，设空前一两个词中会出现相关动词。如是形容词短语中的介词，则仍需在设空前寻找线索。其后也会出现固定搭配中的若干词语。故瞻前顾后需谨慎。 具体步骤如下: 第一步：观察设空处为无提示词，根据句法功能判断为介词。 第二步：根据空格处前后有无出现含有介词的固定搭配，仔细鉴别句意。 第三步：推敲得出结论。 知识点3 介词的特殊含义及用法 介词的特殊含义 1.with的用法 ① [表让步]尽管，虽然 With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。 With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。 ②[表伴随或附带情况]与…同时 Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shoulder.米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。 I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。 Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。 ③伴着（声音或手势）；带着（表情） With a sigh, she leant back and closed her eyes.她叹了口气，身体向后倚靠，闭上了眼睛。 The front door closed with a crash behind him.前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。 2.against ①紧靠；倚 The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。 ②迎着；逆着 You should fly your kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。 We are sailing against the wind.(with the wind表示“顺风”) 我们的船正在逆风行驶。 ③映衬；相映；对照【高频再现】 The red flag looks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳。 The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods. 那座红色的小屋在翠绿的森林衬托下显得很美。 3.by ①到…为止；不迟于 They had finished the work by the end of last week. 到上周末他们已完成了工作。 Maybe she has come back by now. 或许到现在为止她已经回来了。 I’ll have arrived by five o’clock this afternoon. 我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。 【注】by后接表示过去的时间状语时，多与过去完成时连用；后接now时，多与现在完成时连用；后接表示将来的时间状语时，多与将来完成时或一般将来时连用（尤其谓语是be动词时）。 ②凭；靠（后接动名词表示行为的方式或手段） He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。 Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left.锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。 ③表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分（by+身体部位名词或衣服名词） Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然间她抓住了他的耳朵。 The policeman took the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。 ④表升降、增减的程度（by+数量词） The number of the students has increased by one-third.学生数量增加了三分之一。 She’s taller than her younger brother by two inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。 4.through ①由于，因为 The thought of someone suffering through a mistake of mine makes me shiver. 想到有人因为我犯的错误而吃苦头，我就不寒而栗。 ②经受；经历 The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。 She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。 5.for ①支持；赞成（反义词：against） Are you for or against the plan？你是支持还是反对这个计划？ I’m all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。 ②就…而言；相对…来说（表示相对来说不寻常） He’s done well for a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。 He is heavy for a small boy. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。 The day is cool for July. 在7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。 ③对于；至于；关于 For her, books were as necessary to life as bread.对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。 It would be excellent experience for him to travel a little.对他来说，偶尔出去旅游会是很不错的经历。 6.from ①(表示区别、比较) He is old enough to know right from wrong. 他已长大,能够辨别是非了。 I can’t tell one twin from the other. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。 ②（表示原因）因为,由于 He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed from laziness. 他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。 He is trembling from fear. 他吓得发抖 ③(表判断、观点)由(…来看)，根据(…来判断) From her looks you would say she was about twenty. 从她的模样看，你会说她约摸20岁。 The expression on his face changed from sympathy to surprise.他脸上的表情从同情变为惊讶。 在解答介词题时，应当重点关注设空处前后内容和句意。如果空格后有名词、代词或动名词，且这些词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，那么该空大概率填介词。介词1.考查介词短语的具体意义。2.考查介词与其前面的动词构成的固定短语的具体含义。 考查介词的基本含义及用法 1.(2024•新高考Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.  【答案】as　 【解析】考查介词。句意：“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果，容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端，这条小路追溯了丝路沿线，各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国，并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 2.（2024·全国甲卷）They wondered out loud. This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 47 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 【答案】for 【解析】考查介词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。 判断介词的用法 3.（2022•全国高考乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ______ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 【答案】 by 【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 4.（2025·安徽省A10联盟高三最后一卷）The loss of interest is understandable, 39 (give) the complicated 27-step process required to create Dongming grain painting. 【答案】given 【解析】考查介词。句意：考虑到创作东明粮画需要27道复杂的工序，失去兴趣是可以理解的。表示“考虑到”用介词given。故填given。 注意出处given不是过去分词是介词，其意思是：考虑到。 考查介词短语的意义及用法 1.（2025年1月·浙江卷）“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” 【答案】on 【解析】考查介词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on是固定短语，意为“关注，聚焦于”。故填on。 有些同学看到这个题目后，马上就填了of，他们认为是instead of而且感到熟悉，有语感，但殊不知这是错误的。一定要看句子的整体，其实这个句子的核心是focus on。 2. (2024•新高考Ⅱ卷) “Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” 【答案】 to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 判断介词的用法 （1）高考对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法及介词与其他词构成的固定短语的用法上。 （2）语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词，这对学生正确理解句意提出了较高的要求。 （3）名词或动词-ing形式在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一定填介词。介词可位于名词之前，如at night、on Sunday等；也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in、be good at等；还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to、arrive at、look for等。 (4)与动词搭配，如： remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”；rob sb of sth“抢劫某人某物”。 (5)与名词或代词搭配，如： by accident“偶然”；by oneself “靠自己”。 (6)与形容词搭配，如：be curious about“对……感到好奇”；be proud of “因……而自豪”。 (7)其他搭配，如：not ...until ...“直到……才……”；from ...to ...“从……到……”；between ...and ... “在……和……之间”。 考查特殊介词的意义和用法 1.（2021浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ________ 2. 1 in women and men. 【答案】by 【解析】考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，此处by表示“差值”。故填by。 2.（2015·浙江·变型练）3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? A. about B. to C. with D. over 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，是什么的家园的意思。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes _______ animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes _______ animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。 1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billions of years ago, because it takes time light to travel across space to their telescopes. 【答案】for 【解析】考查介词。句意： 当天文学家观测遥远的星系时，他们看到的是数十亿年前发出的光，因为光穿越太空到达他们的望远镜需要时间。It takes time for sb./sth. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事对某人/某物来说花费时间”。故填for。 2.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）Fish lanterns, known as yudeng in Chinese, are vibrant folk-art pieces deeply rooted in China’s cultural heritage. Originating(originate) from ancient traditions, these lanterns symbolize “abundance year after year” — a play words, as the Chinese word for “fish” sounds like “surplus”. 【答案】on 【解析】考查介词。句意：这些灯笼起源于古代传统，象征着“年年有余”——这是一个文字游戏，因为中文的“鱼”字听起来像“余”。“a play on words”是固定短语，意为“文字游戏”。故填on。 3.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）The author, Li Xinrui, is a patrolman (巡护员) at Wanglang. only a middle school education, Li has developed a deep understanding of the natural world through self-study and his daily work. 【答案】With 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管只有中学学历，李芯锐通过自学和日常工作对自然世界形成了深刻的理解。空后为名词短语，表示“仅有中学学历”，需用介词with构成“With only...”结构。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填With。   4.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Adopting a bilingual marketing strategy helped her tap into overseas markets, boosting sales 50 percent within a year. 【答案】by 【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意：采用双语营销策略帮助她开拓了海外市场，一年内将销量提升了50%。表示“数量提升了……百分比”时，需用介词by，为固定搭配。故填by。 5.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）Unfortunately, when D5122 pulled into Yibin, it was indeed late—but only by 2 minutes. As the doors opened and Wang stepped onto the platform, his watch showed just 40 seconds remaining—an exciting margin (差距) success and failure. 【答案】between 【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意：当车门打开，王东踏上站台时，他的手表显示仅剩40秒 —— 这是成功与失败之间令人紧张的差距。表示“……与……之间的差距” 时，需用固定搭配 margin between... and...。故填between。 考点八 考查 没有提示词的代词用法 知识点1通过句式结构和“指代”内容判断是否用it ①如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，用it； ②如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况，用it； ③如果作形式主语或形式宾语，用it； ④某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句，此时需先用it作形式宾语，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)有like、dislike、hate、appreciate、depend on、rely on、count on、see to等。 知识点2指示代词用法 典型用法 典型示例 it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物 --Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。 Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。 that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词 The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。 those特指上文提到的复数名词 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。 one泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语 I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。 I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？ ones代替泛指的复数名词 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 the one特指上文提到的单数名词 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。 the ones特指上文提到的复数名词 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。 知识点3 常考不定代词的含义及用法 1. 两者与三者 有些不定代词只用于表示两个人或两个事物，它们是both, either和neither；而有些不定代词则只用于指三个或三个以上的人或事物，它们是all, any, none和every。在使用时千万不要弄混了。 each既可用于两者，也可用于三者或三者以上，而every只用于三者或三者以上，所以当用于两者时，只能用each，不能用every。比如要表示“路的每一边”，我们要说成each side of the road，但不能说成every side of the road，因为“路”只有两个side。但是，如果说“广场的每一边”，我们就可以说every side of the square，因为“广场”一般都有四个side。 2. 复合不定代词 复合不定代词指的是由some, any, every, no后接thing, one, body等构成的一类代词，它们包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中通常只用作主语、宾语或表语，不能直接用于名词前作定语。 someone不能用于名词man前作定语，况且从意义上看，someone已经表示“某人”或“有人”，在它后面接man显然是多余的。 注意，复合不定代词虽然不能用作定语，但是它们可以定语的修饰，此时要注意将修饰它们定语放在它们后面，而不是前面。如： There’s nothing wrong with the machine. 机器没有毛病。 句中的wrong是修饰nothing的定语，但只能说成nothing wrong，不能说成wrong nothing。 还有一点要注意，就是anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (即分开写)。 3. all, every与each 从意思上看，all表示“所有的”，every表示“每个”，each也表示“每个”，它们都可以用来概括全体，但是它们的强调重点有所不同：all主要用来整体性地考虑总体，every 是考虑总体中的所有成员(与all很接近)，而each则是逐个逐个地考虑总体。 从用法上看，all和each既可以单独使用，也可以后接名词，还可后接of短语；而every 后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接 of 短语。如： 从指代数量上看，each可用于指两者或两者以上的“每个”，every只能指三者或三者以上“每个”，因此指两者时只能用 each。如： 考查it的用法 1.（2025·江西省南昌县莲塘第一中学检测） I hate when she calls me at work — I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 【答案】it 【解析】考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：我讨厌她上班时给我打电话——我总是太忙，没时间和她交谈。分析可知空格处是hate的宾语，且空格后的句子“when she calls me at work — I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.”是hate后宾语的真正表述，故空格处填代词作形式宾语。故填it。 2. is a pity that you should miss such a good opportunity to broaden your view. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：很遗憾，你错过了这样一个开阔视野的好机会。空处使用it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，是真正的主语，首字母应大写，故填It。 通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it 如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则用it；如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to...＋it＋从句。 考查不定代词的用法 1. (2024年1月浙江卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】 ones 【解析】考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 2.（2025·江苏省盐城市高三月考）New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes. 【答案】those 【解析】考查代词。句意：新法律是随着新情况的发展而制定的，例如那些由于技术进步或社会态度的变化而产生的新情况。空处作such as的宾语，是对“新情况”的举例说明，指代前面提到的new situations，new situations为可数名词复数，应用指示代词those指代。故填those。 通过分析指代意义确定替代词 1.指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that，若指代复数形式用those； 2. 指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”则用one，若指代复数形式用ones。 3.(2024天津3月卷改编)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 【答案】one。 【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。分析句子，此处表示泛指过暑假的地方，one指代的刚提到过的同一类人或物。故填one。 看清句式，理清范围，确定代词 1.两者：二者选其一用either; 二者都不选用neither; 二者都选用both； 2.三者或三者以上：三者或三者以上的任何一个用any; 三者或三者以上都不选用none; 三者或三者以上都选用all； 3.其他：若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another；若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the other；若表示“其余的，另外的”，在名词前用other; 若不跟名词且指代复数， 用others。 1.（2025·山东省实验中学高三四诊）To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 【答案】it 【解析】考查it用法。句意：许多人认为这是一个品尝传统美食的好机会，如饺子、糯米糕和炸肉丸，并与亲人分享节日的快乐。此处为句型consider it+n.+不定式，故填it。 2.Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：今天的年轻人可能会发现很难习惯没有互联网的生活。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是一个常用结构，其中 it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to be accustomed to life without the Internet。故填it。 3.I’d appreciate if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to my new surroundings. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：如果你能就如何适应新环境给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。appreciate后接宾语从句时通常要用it作形式宾语。故填it。 4.Sharing your sorrowful feelings with the one you trust can be beneficial to ______ your physical and mental health. 【答案】both 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：和你信任的人分享你悲伤的情绪对你的身心健康都有益处。此处both……and……短语是关键。故填both。 5.It is wise of you to give up your possessions (财产) in the fire because ________ is more important than life. 【答案】nothing 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：你在火灾中放弃个人财产是明智的，因为没有什么比生命更重要。空处需要形容词在句中作表语。此处是否定加比较级表示最高级，此处nothing是否定的意思。故填nothing。 （最新模拟试题演练） 1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9月考）Yet debates on overspending and gambling-like tendencies tied 17 the model exist. 【答案】to 【解析】考查介词。句意：然而，关于与这种模式相关的过度消费和类似赌博倾向的争论依然存在。be tied to 是一个固定短语，意为“与……相关，与……有联系”。故填to。 2.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）For Burus, coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture beauty attracted her from afar. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。​句意：对布鲁什来说，来中国不仅是学习语言的机会，更是体验某种文化的机会，这种文化的美从远方就吸引了她。定语从句修饰先行词a culture，关系词需在从句中作beauty的定语，whose可指代事物并作定语，符合语法需求。​故填whose。 3.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）Red lanterns swayed in the wind, papercuttings adorned windows spirited couplets decorated doorways. 【答案】and 【解析】考查并列连词。​句意：红灯笼风中摇曳，剪纸点缀窗户，活力春联装饰门框。三个分句结构、语义并列，需用并列连词连接，and表并列，符合要求。故填and。 4.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10月月考）Before leaving China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language-learning program, she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus, containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges Türkiye and China. 【答案】between 【解析】考查介词。句意：今年初完成两学期语言学习项目离开中国前，她在校园埋了愿望瓶，希望成为土耳其和中国文化交流的桥梁。between...and...是固定搭配，表“在两者之间”，此处连接土耳其和中国两个国家，符合搭配规则。故填between。 5.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）A giant panda family living in the Seac Pai Van Park in China’s Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) has become a cherished source of joy for the residents, as well as an emotional bond the SAR and the mainland. 【答案】between 【解析】考查介词。句意：生活在中国澳门特别行政区石排湾公园的大熊猫一家，已经成为当地居民的快乐源泉，也是澳门特别行政区与内地之间的情感纽带。空处表示“……之间”，需用介词between，构成固定短语between...and...表示“在……和……之间”。故填between。 6.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)Today, woodcarving, aim is to encourage new generations of craftsmen, adapts to modern trends when preserving tradition, standing a living example of human creativity and cultural continuity. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：如今，木雕的目的是鼓励新一代工匠，在保留传统的同时适应现代潮流，成为人类创造力和文化延续性的一个活生生的例子。“_____ aim is to encourage new generations of craftsmen”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词woodcarving，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词aim，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 【答案】as 【解析】考查介词。句意：如今，木雕的目的是鼓励新一代工匠，在保留传统的同时适应现代潮流，成为人类创造力和文化延续性的一个活生生的例子。stand as是固定搭配，意为“作为……存在”。故填as。 7.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）Eating and nutrition are linked and vital for good health. Proper nutrition involves eating various foods rich essential nutrients (营养物). 【答案】in 【解析】考查介词。句意：适当的营养包括吃各种富含必需营养素的食物。be rich in为固定短语，表示“富含……”，空处需填介词in。故填in。 8.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）These include eating slowly, listening to the body’s hunger and fullness signals, creating a calm eating environment. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：这些包括慢慢吃，倾听身体的饥饿和饱腹信号，并创造一个平静的进食环境。eating slowly，listening to the body’s hunger and fullness signals和creating a calm eating environment为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 9.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9月月考）Overall, mindful eating can be effective tool for improving one’s physical health. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：总的来说，正念饮食是改善身体健康的有效工具。此处表示泛指“一种有效工具”，且effective发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 10.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）In recent years, Huangchuan has actively expanded its noodle industry, aiming to achieve both social and economic benefits. Liu’s company alone operates a 5,200-square-meter standardized facility with annual production capacity of 3,000 tons. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：仅刘的公司就经营着一个5200平方米的标准化工厂，年生产能力为3000吨。a capacity of...是固定短语，意为“……的生产能力/生产量”，且annual发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 11.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Cheng Shao xuan, professor and head of the research center, points out that “rejoining” of scattered oracle bone fragments, may exist in different places, is also a focal (核心的) work. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：研究中心主任、教授程少轩指出，将分散在不同地方的甲骨碎片“重新拼接”也是一项重点工作。此处表示泛指“一个教授”，且professor发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为oracle bone fragments，指物，关系词代替先行词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 12.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考） successful Beijing marathon serves as both a testament to how far we have come and s preview of the remarkable innovations still to come. 【答案】The 【解析】考查冠词。句意：北京马拉松的成功既证明了我们已经取得的成就，也预示了未来将出现的卓越创新。此处特指“北京马拉松”，用定冠词the限定，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 13.（2026·安徽省江南十校高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）At end of his journey, Wang thought highly of the power of China’s high-speed railway system, whose rapid development high efficiency made the impossible possible. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：在旅程结束时，王东高度认可中国高铁系统的力量，其快速发展与高效使不可能变为可能。at the end of...为固定短语，意为“在……结束时”。故填the。 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：在旅程结束时，王东高度认可中国高铁系统的力量，其快速发展与高效使不可能变为可能。rapid development（快速发展）与 high efficiency（高效）为并列关系，共同作定语从句中的主语，需用并列连词and连接。故填and。 14.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Since 2023, Wu Yuyan has created over 200 bilingual (双语的) short videos, boosting the global profile of Haikou’s volcanic lychees (荔枝) and proving that digital globalization can breathe new life into traditional farming.Wu, former media professional, entered agriculture in 2022 after spotting inefficiencies in the lychee supply chain. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：吴宇燕曾是一名媒体从业者，2022年她发现荔枝供应链存在低效问题后，进入了农业领域。professional是可数名词单数形式，且此处表示一名，为泛指；former以辅音音素开头，故需用不定冠 a修饰。故填a。 15.（2026·辽宁名校联盟高三上学期10月联考）Wu focused her short-video promotion and livestream sales efforts on TikTok and RedNote. Following one video featured a Russian visitor trying the fruit, the sales rocketed (rocket) up overnight. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在一段记录俄罗斯游客品尝该水果的视频发布后，销量一夜之间激增。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one video（指物），且关系代词在从句中作主语，故需用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。 16.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still use today. 【答案】in 【解析】考查介词。句意：都江堰最初建于公元前256年左右，是秦国为灌溉和防洪而建的水利工程，是古代工程技术的杰出范例，至今仍在使用。be in use为固定短语，表示“在使用中”，故填in。 17.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an unusual construction looks like a fish’s mouth. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：如果你参观都江堰，你会看到一个看起来像鱼嘴的不寻常的建筑。此处为定语从句修饰先行词construction，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 18.（2026·福建省福州第一中学高三上学期10月月考）Recognised as UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：都江堰被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产，2000多年来一直在灌溉农田，同时防止洪水。此处表示“一个联合国教科文组织遗产地”，应用不定冠词，且UNESCO是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 19.（2026·重庆市渝中区等地部分学校高三上学期10月好教育联盟考试）The man had spent a decade wandering in different regions of the country he finally discovered his true calling and passion in his hometown. 【答案】before 【解析】考查连词。句意：他曾在全国不同地区漂泊了十年，最终在家乡找到了自己真正的使命和热情。分析句子可知，空处需用连词连接前后两个句子，前句“漂泊十年”与后句“最终发现”在时间上先后相继。故填before。   20.（2026·福建省厦门第一中学高三10月月考）In coastal regions like Fujian and Zhejiang, fish lantern dances are central to the ceremony honors sea gods and celebrates harvests. 【答案】that或which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在福建、浙江这样的沿海地区，鱼灯舞是祭祀海神、庆祝丰收仪式的核心环节。“ honors sea gods and celebrates harvests”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ceremony，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that或which。 21.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三上学期10月月考）One way around this problem is to study other galaxies resemble the Milky Way. Astronomers investigate a distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass of the Milky Way shortly after its formation in the early Universe. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：莫拉利用詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）的观测数据，对一个遥远星系展开研究，该星系的质量与早期宇宙中银河系形成后不久的预期质量相符。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词other galaxies，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·湖北省新八校协作体高三上学期10月月考） China held a military parade at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing on September 3rd 1 (celebrate) the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. During the parade, more than 10,000 military personnel, along with over 100 aircraft and hundreds of ground weapons, 2 (organize) into 45 formations following a wartime command structure. Most of the People’s Liberation Army’s new support and weapon systems were put 3 display for the first time, 4 (demonstrate) China’s capability for independent innovation in weapon development. All the weapons and equipment are 5 (domestic) produced, featuring higher strike precision, improved battlefield adaptability, and greater effectiveness. The Chinese people made significant contributions to the defense of world peace, which constituted 6 important part of the World Anti-Fascist War. The parade was not meant as a show of force, 7 as a reminder of history and our dedication to peace. People from all walks of life across China felt a deep sense of pride and responsibility while watching the grand military parade. Wu Jiani, a police officer, remarked that the commemoration was so deeply moving 8 she felt a strong emotional bond with those who lived eighty years ago. “ 9 (inspire) by the dedication of wartime heroes, we will continue to serve the people with the same 10 (commit) our soldiers demonstrated during the war,” she added. 【答案】 1．to celebrate 2．were organized 3．on 4．demonstrating 5．domestically 6．an 7．but 8．that 9．Inspired 10．commitment 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国于9月3日在北京天安门广场举行阅兵仪式，以庆祝中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。文中阐述了阅兵的规模、展示的武器装备特点，强调此次阅兵旨在铭记历史、维护和平，还提及各界人士观看阅兵后的感受。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：9月3日，中国在北京天安门广场举行阅兵仪式，以庆祝中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。已有谓语动词“held”，此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，表示举行阅兵仪式的目的是“庆祝……胜利”，所以用动词不定式to celebrate。故填to celebrate。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：阅兵期间，1万多名军人，以及100多架飞机和数百件地面武器，按照战时指挥结构编成45个方队。根据语境，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。主语“more than 10,000 military personnel, along with over 100 aircraft and hundreds of ground weapons”与“organize”之间是被动关系，即“这些人员和武器装备被组织”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”。“along with”连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与前面的名词保持一致，前面的名词“more than 10,000 military personnel”是复数，所以用were organized。故填were organized。 3．考查固定短语。句意：人民解放军的大多数新型支援和武器系统首次亮相，展示了中国在武器研发方面的自主创新能力。“put...on display”是固定短语，意为“展示；展览”，所以用on。故填on。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：人民解放军的大多数新型支援和武器系统首次亮相，展示了中国在武器研发方面的自主创新能力。已有谓语动词“were put on display”，此处应用非谓语动词。“most of the People’s Liberation Army’s new support and weapon systems”与“demonstrate（展示）”之间是主动关系，即这些武器系统的展示主动体现了中国的创新能力，所以用现在分词demonstrating作伴随状语，表示与“put on display”同时发生的动作。故填demonstrating。 5．考查副词。句意：所有武器装备均为国产，具有更高的打击精度、更强的战场适应性和更大的效能。此处修饰动词“produced”，应用副词形式，domestic的副词是domestically，意为“在国内；国产地”。故填domestically。 6．考查冠词。句意：中国人民为捍卫世界和平做出了重大贡献，这是世界反法西斯战争的重要组成部分。“an important part of...”是固定搭配，意为“……的一个重要部分”，important是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．考查连词。句意：这次阅兵并非为了炫耀武力，而是为了铭记历史、坚守和平。“not...but...”是固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的成分，符合语境。故填but。 8．考查状语从句。句意：警察吴佳妮表示，这次纪念活动如此感人，以至于她感觉与八十年前的人们产生了强烈的情感共鸣。“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，符合语境。故填that。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：“受到战时英雄奉献精神的鼓舞，我们将继续以战士们在战争中展现出的同样的奉献精神为人民服务。”她补充道。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词“will continue”，此处应用非谓语动词。“we”与“inspire（鼓舞）”之间是被动关系，即“我们被鼓舞”，所以用过去分词Inspired作状语，表被动和完成。句首单词首字母大写，故填Inspired。 10．考查名词。句意：“受到战时英雄奉献精神的鼓舞，我们将继续以战士们在战争中展现出的同样的奉献精神为人民服务。”她补充道。根据空前的“the same”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，commit的名词形式是commitment，意为“奉献；承诺”，在这里表示“战士们的奉献精神”，作介词with的宾语。故填commitment。 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。（2026·四川省天府新区实外高级中学高三上学期10月考） China recently shared exciting news about its space exploration efforts, and revealed the names of its manned lunar lander and a new crew spaceship. This development marks 1 important step in the nation’s efforts 2 (explore) outer space. The lunar lander is named Lanyue, 3 means “embracing (拥抱) the moon”. This choice reflects the dream and confidence of the Chinese people in their space exploration efforts. The crew spaceship has been named Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 4 (indicate) its role in realizing the dream of landing on the moon and exploring newfrontier s in space. Mengzhou will have two versions: one for exploring the moon and the other for trips between Earth 5 the Tiangong space station, and the latter takes over the duties from the current Shenzhou spaceship. These names, Lanyue and Mengzhou, were selected 6 (careful) from nearly 2,000 suggestions by the public to show the wide 7 (participate) and interest of the Chinese people 8 their country’s space missions. China plans to send its first manned mission to the moon around 2030. The Lanyue lander is designed with a landing and propulsion (推进) section to carry two astronauts to the moon. The Mengzhou spacecraft, designed for space travel, 9 (include) a reentry module for the astronauts and a service module 10 (equip) with power and propulsion systems. 【答案】 1．an 2．to explore 3．which 4．indicating 5．and 6．carefully 7．participation 8．in 9．includes 10．equipped 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国最近分享了关于其太空探索努力的令人兴奋的消息，并公布了其载人月球着陆器和新型载人飞船的名称。这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”，意思是“拥抱月亮”。这一选择体现了中国人民对太空探索的梦想和信心。 1．考查冠词。句意：这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。根据句意以及空后step为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“重要一步”，结合important为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。 2．考查动词不定式。句意：这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰efforts，effort to do“做出……的努力”为惯用表达。故填to explore。 3．考查定语从句。句意：月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”，意思是“拥抱月亮”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Lanyue，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这艘载人飞船被命名为“梦舟号”，表明它在实现登月梦想和探索太空新领域中的作用。此处为非谓语动词作状语，indicate和逻辑主语The crew spaceship为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填indicating。 5．考查连词。句意：“梦舟”将有两个版本：一个用于月球探测，另一个用于地球和天宫空间站之间的旅行，后者将接替目前的“神舟”飞船的任务。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语between…and…“在……之间”，所以此处为连词and的填入。故填and。 6．考查副词。句意：“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的，以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词carefully修饰动词were selected。故填carefully。 7．考查名词。句意：“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的，以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由and连接的interest为名词可知，此处也应为名词形式，同时被空前形容词wide所修饰，participation为不可数名词。故填participation。 8．考查介词。句意：“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的，以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。此处为固定短语in space missions“在太空任务中”，所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的，包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语The Mengzhou spacecraft为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填includes。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的，包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰service module，service module和equip为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填equipped。 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东六校联盟高三上学期第二次联考） China Focus: China’s upscale ice creams melting hearts of consumers Once just a simple way to cool off, ice cream is seeing a surge of new varieties to meet the expanding tastes and preferences of Chinese consumers since its first appearance. On the Chinese lifestyle-sharing app known internationally as RedNote, many users have posted appealing images of upscale ice creams 1 various shapes, ranging from blooming flowers to fresh fruits, each of 2 is the result of delicate craftsmanship. 3 (comment) such as “adorable” and “too pretty to eat” are very common in these posts. Favored by today’s consumers, especially young people, such ice creams 4 (become) commonplace in souvenir shops at tourist attractions across China since their first appearance. Handan Museum, a well-known tourist site in Hebei in April introduced creative ice creams that drew inspiration from two precious artifacts 5 (house) in the museum. “Blind boxes” containing randomly flavored ice creams are also on sale to attract customers. The museum’s ice creams have been 6 hit among visitors since their launch, with over 100 sold daily this summer. Food industry analyst Zhu Danpeng believes the 7 (emerge) of these visually appealing ice creams reflects a thirst for emotional and 8 (spirit) well-being in consumption. The shift to healthy eating has spurred changes in the industry. Traditional ice cream makers are adjusting their ingredients 9 unveiling new products in response to evolving needs, while new brands are winning customers by labeling themselves as producers of handcrafted and 10 (fresh) made ice creams. 【答案】 1．in 2．which 3．Comments 4．have become 5．housed 6．a 7．emergence 8．spiritual 9．and 10．freshly 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出中国高端冰淇淋品类激增，小红书上有多样造型分享，多地景区推出文创款，还因健康需求有原料调整，体现消费者情感与精神消费需求。 1．考查介词。句意：在这款在国际上广为人知的中国生活方式分享应用“小红书”上，许多用户都发布了精美的冰淇淋图片，这些冰淇淋形状各异，从盛开的花朵到新鲜的水果应有尽有，每一种都凝聚了精湛的工艺。“in various shapes”为固定搭配，意为“呈多种形状”，故填in。 2．考查定语从句。句意：在这款在国际上广为人知的中国生活方式分享应用“小红书”上，许多用户都发布了精美的冰淇淋图片，这些冰淇淋形状各异，从盛开的花朵到新鲜的水果应有尽有，每一种都凝聚了精湛的工艺。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是upscale ice creams，指物，从句中“of”后缺宾语，故用关系代词 which。故填which。 3．考查名词的数。句意：这类帖子中常见的评论词汇有“可爱极了”和“漂亮得连吃都不忍心下口”之类的。根据后文are可知主语为复数，首字母大写。故填Comments。 4．考查时态。句意：由于受到当今消费者（尤其是年轻人）的青睐，这类冰淇淋自首次出现以来，已在中国各地的旅游景点纪念品商店中变得十分常见。根据后文since their first appearance可知为现在完成时，主语为ice creams，助动词用have。故填have become。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：4月，位于河北的邯郸博物馆成为了一处热门旅游景点。该博物馆推出了以馆内两件珍贵文物为灵感创作的冰淇淋产品。artifacts与house之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语，故填housed。 6．考查冠词。句意：该博物馆的冰淇淋自推出以来就深受游客喜爱，今年夏天每天的销量超过100份。短语be a hit表示“很受欢迎”。故填a。 7．考查名词。句意：食品行业分析师朱丹蓬认为，这些视觉吸引力强的冰淇淋的兴起，反映出消费者在消费中对情感与精神层面幸福感的渴求。作主语，用名词emergence，不可数。故填emergence。 8．考查形容词。句意：食品行业分析师朱丹蓬认为，这些视觉吸引力强的冰淇淋的兴起，反映出消费者在消费中对情感与精神层面幸福感的渴求。修饰名词well-being用形容词spiritual。故填spiritual。 9．考查连词。句意：传统的冰淇淋制造商正在调整其原料，并推出新产品以满足不断变化的需求，而新的品牌则通过宣称自己是手工制作和新鲜出品的冰淇淋生产商来吸引顾客。“adjusting their ingredients”（调整原料）与 “unveiling new products”（推出新产品）是并列关系，均为“Traditional ice cream makers”的动作，故用并列连词“and”连接。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意：传统的冰淇淋制造商正在调整其原料，并推出新产品以满足不断变化的需求，而新的品牌则通过宣称自己是手工制作和新鲜出品的冰淇淋生产商来吸引顾客。修饰动词made用副词freshly。故填freshly。 1. (2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：交换的基本原则之一是每个人在带走之前必须要试穿衣服。从句中意思完整，不缺成分，故填that。 2.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 4.（2020新课标I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 6.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 　　　　　　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在那里所有的生命似乎都享受着和周围环境的和平共处。此处是where引导的定语从句,where在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7.（2022·全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 【答案】 who 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。 8.（2020年1月浙江卷）A child born in the US today has ____63_____very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 9.（2025·八省联考卷）1.Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and cooperation between China and 44 rest of the world. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。 10．(2021·全国甲卷) It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 11.(2022年新高考II卷) ___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 【答案】The 【解析】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 12.（2022年1月浙江高考卷）The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___59___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 13.（2023•1月新高考浙江卷）Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ________ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. 【答案】as 【解析】考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。 14.（2023•新高考Ⅰ卷）There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 　　　 hand rather than rolled. 【答案】by 【解析】考查介词。句意:在那里你会发现它们的准备方式有所不同——更多的饺子和少许的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。此处为固定短语by hand“用手”。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 29 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $