精品解析：浙江省杭州市余杭第二高级中学2025-2026学年高一10月月考英语试题

杭州二中2025学年第一学期高一年级单元测试 英语试题卷 本试卷满分120分，考试时长100分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.在答选择题时，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试题卷上，否则无效。 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项涂黑。 A What Is a Soup Kitchen? A soup kitchen is a place where free food (usually soup and bread) is served to the homeless without judgment or discrimination (歧视). These places are usually run by charitable (慈善的) or religious organisations and staffed by volunteers. In reality, however, a soup kitchen is so much more than that. What Does a Soup Kitchen Do? Soup kitchens have become a place of refuge (避难所) for those less fortunate souls. It gives them hope that all is not lost and there are still people who care for them. Here, they are not judged, discriminated against, or made to feel like they’re worthless. Instead, they are cared for and treated as equals. The most important thing a soup kitchen does, however, is providing the homeless with a sense of belonging. For someone who doesn’t have a place of their own, this is a big deal. How Do Soup Kitchens Help the Community? Throughout history and in most cultures, the sharing of food to the less fortunate is a common practice. Society has always felt a moral obligation to help its most vulnerable members. Not only does it encourage charity, but it also brings the community together. It helps break social boundaries as rich and poor, young and old gather together to share a meal. More importantly, it teaches young children the importance of empathy (同理心). Why Is a Soup Kitchen Called a Soup Kitchen? Since ancient times, charitable organisations have been serving soup to the poor and hungry. A hot soup can be very filling, making it the ultimate food choice for relief organisations with limited resources. Then during the Great Depression, these types of food assistance places became more well-known in the US. People would line up in these places (which usually featured large kitchens) to get their daily ration (定量) of soup and bread. And that’s how the term “soup kitchen” came about. 1. A soup kitchen is a place where ________. A. homeless people act as volunteers B. free food is served to the homeless C. charitable organisations hold activities D. people are judged by what food they eat 2. What is the most important thing a soup kitchen provides? A. Life value. B. Social acceptance. C. Health care. D. Racial equality. 3. What is mentioned about a soup kitchen in the last paragraph? A. The reason for its popularity. B. The variety of its food. C. The change of its resources. D. The origin of its name. B Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer who began The Swan Dreams Project in 2011. It is a program designed to bring ballet to girls of color in her community. Aesha Ash is one of the few women of color to ever grace the stages of the School of American Ballet in New York City. She wants to expose (使暴露/显露) her community to more positive images of women of color through the use of ballet. She wants to show the world that beauty and grace are not defined by status or race. Aesha grew up in the inner city of Rochester, New York, where gun violence and poverty were among the biggest threats to the community. For her, that’s normal. That’s just life in the neighborhood, but what she remembers most is the dance studio. She started dancing at the age of five. A teacher mentioned to her mother that she had some promise in ballet, and that it would be difficult for her, as a woman of color, to enter the ballet world. But the hardship she faced was the very thing that pushed her to pursue a career in ballet. And there’s so much negative stereotypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding of who they are in the media. Through the use of imagery and her career as a ballet dancer, she challenges stereotypes that exist for women of color, particularly those from inner-city communities. “It’s important that our girls see that side of themselves because for many kids it’s hard to be what you can’t see. I hadn’t seen a black ballet dancer before I joined that was what I wanted to be. It was really important for me to be in my environment displaying that because this is where I’m from. It was always beyond ballet,” Aesha Ash stated. 4. Why did Aesha start the Swan Dreams Project? A. To promote the images of females of color through ballet. B. To expose her community to a world of women of color. C. To raise money for the School of American Ballet. D. To show the world that beauty and grace are defined by status. 5. Which of the following best describes the community she grew up in? A. Comfortable. B. Ancient. C. Peaceful. D. Unsafe. 6. What can we infer from the passage? A. Aesha had a gift for ballet according to her teacher. B. The hardship Aesha faced to be a ballerina was poverty. C. Aesha wanted to be a ballet dancer because of a woman dancer of color. D. The media always gives a true picture of who women of color really are. 7. What does Aesha believe is important for young girls? A. Suffering hardship in childhood. B. Practicing ballet from young age. C. Watching professional ballet shows. D. Seeing role models they can look up to. C Choosing a hotel, restaurant or new product can be a difficult task. There’s so much on offer, and making a mistake can be expensive. This is why many people turn to online reviews- opinions and information written by people who have used a service or bought a product. But can we trust them? About 70% of Americans say they believe online user reviews. According to experts, this is because when we read a review by another consumer, we feel like we’re getting a personal recommendation from a friend. But a recent study shows that about one third of online reviews are fake. Apparently, companies are so desperate for good reviews that they’ve started to “play” the system. So, how do they do it? One trick is to give positive reviews to your own product or service. Best-selling writer RJ Ellory was recently caught writing 5-star reviews of his own books on Amazon.com. Using a name, he called one of his books a “modern masterpiece (杰作)” and said another would “touch people’s hearts”. RJ also wrote negative reviews of his rivals’ (对手) books. Another trick is to “buy” good reviews. Last year, the Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giving guests discounts if they wrote “honest but positive” reviews on TripAdvisor. The trick worked-one guest called The Cove Hotel a “dream comes true”. Some people are even making a living by writing favourable reviews. In 2010, American Todd Rutherford started GettingBookReviews.com. For $99, Todd would write a positive review of your book on Amazon.com; and for $999, he’d write 50 reviews. So, how can you tell a fake review? First, if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it’s probably fake. Secondly, if the review reads like an advertisement, it probably is an ad. And finally, if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor, it might have been written by that competitor. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By discussing some questions. B. By describing a common situation. C. By presenting different opinions. D. By analyzing a specific example. 9. What did RJ Ellory do to “play” the online reviewing system? A. He bought dozens of reviews from a professional website. B. He offered discounts to readers who gave him good reviews. C. He asked Amazon to remove negative reviews of his books. D. He praised his own books and criticized his competitors’ works. 10. What can we learn from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. Positive reviews can touch people’s hearts. B. Companies use the reviewing system to their advantage. C. Many hotels pay guests to write positive reviews for them. D. Writing reviews is a major source of income for Internet users. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Features of some types of online reviews. B. Reasons behind choices of online reviews. C. Suggestions for how to judge online reviews. D. Ways to tell positive online views from negative ones. D Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke (中风), according to the head of the NHS (National Health Service) England. Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF) — a dangerously irregular heart rate — have begun taking one of four anticoagulant (抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital. A drive to encourage take-up of the drugs means 90% of the 1.5 million people in England with AF are using them. That should result in fewer strokes, which are a leading cause of death and disability, given that AF causes about one in five strokes. “The rapid introduction of these drugs is a big step forward in providing the best possible care for patients with heart disease”, Pritchard, the leader of NHS, will say in a speech today at the King’s Fund health experts’ yearly conference. The drugs called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting (凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke. In 2021 the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended that doctors use four anticoagulant drugs. Dr Maeva May, the Stroke Association’s director, thought the widespread use of the drugs as “fantastic news”, because AF accounts for one in five strokes and strokes in people with AF are more likely to result in death or serious disability. NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”. 12. What is the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 2? A. To attract the readers’ attention to strokes. B. To introduce the specific information about AF. C. To show the effects of four anticoagulant drugs. D. To summarize the steps towards reducing deaths. 13. What is the main function of anticoagulant drugs? A. To identify signs of strokes. B. To reduce blood pressure. C. To keep heart beating. D. To prevent blood clotting. 14. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “cut deals” in the last paragraph? A. make agreements B. break promises C. avoid decisions D. reject offers 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Recognising Signs of A Heart Attack B. A Breakthrough in Stroke Prevention C. Exploring Kinds of Anticoagulant Drugs D. NHS England’s Life-Saving Conference 第二节（共5个小题，每小题2.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world where comparisons (比较) happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be content with who you are. ____16____ The only solution is to reach inside and measure against what Warren Buffet calls your own inner yardstick (标准). There is no more accurate measure for comparison than who you were yesterday or last week, when you were at your best. _____17_____ Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get lazy, or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for nothing. ___18___ Not one of us is exactly alike. The only direct and honest comparison is within yourself. My opinion is that you are only allowed to compare yourself to someone else if their life situation is the same as your own. Good luck finding that match. And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. ____19____ So how can you always win in life? Become your best competitor. Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to push you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who cares if the guy next to you did 15? You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. ___20___ Besides, set a slightly higher standard of yourself every day and you will always be at the top of your game. A. It is a fool’s game. B. Your own progress is all you need. C. You will always be motivated (有积极性的). D. There’s always someone who’s a bit better. E. You will continuously be your personal best. F. Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. G. And if there’s not, you can bet someone is coming up fast behind you. 第三部分：语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第41-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。 It had been raining during Friday night. I woke up early on Saturday morning, ____21____ for more rain so that I could wash my car. Living in Melbourne, we have strict rules on ____22____ usage, so I only wash my car when it is raining. I had a bucket (桶), towel and umbrella ____23____. It had been quite a while since we had any rain so my car was extremely ____24____. When I went outside, ____25____, the rain had completely stopped. I looked at my car. Then I ____26____ all the rain drops on my car. An idea came to me — I could still ____27____ my already wet car and then rinse (冲洗) it off with some rain water I had collected! So, time to get to ____28____! The air was fresh, the sunshine was slightly warm and before I knew it, I had washed my car clean. “What’s ____29____?” I thought. “It is a sunny day, so I can take my dog for a walk.” While walking, I said good morning to my neighbors. Not an hour ago, I had woken up and filled with ____30____ to wash my car in the rain. Now, I was ____31____ for the weather which allowed me to walk with my dog on a fresh sunny morning! Had I been too hung up on the ____32____ that the rain had cleared, it would have possibly ____33____ the rest of the day. I didn’t get stuck in the bad mood. ____34____, I looked for other ____35____, and made the most out of them. 21. A. planning B. exchanging C. hoping D. caring 22. A. gas B. water C. electricity D. phone 23. A. prepared B. returned C. listed D. covered 24. A. heavy B. slow C. old D. dirty 25. A. luckily B. disappointingly C. surprisingly D. interestingly 26. A. noticed B. counted C. dried D. touched 27. A. park B. fix C. wash D. drive 28. A. rest B. share C. play D. work 29. A. more B. next C. worse D. wrong 30. A. sadness B. boredom C. excitement D. confidence 31. A. fearful B. regretful C. thankful D. thoughtful 32. A. fact B. idea C. dream D. plan 33. A. made B. started C. brightened D. ruined 34. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides 35. A. challenges B. opportunities C. problems D. excuses 第Ⅱ卷 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Beauty When I was two years old, something happened which I have never forgotten. It was early spring, and there was a light mist over the trees and fields. I and the other young horses ____36____ (feed) at the lower end of the field when we heard the distant cry of dogs. The oldest among us lifted his head. “There are the hounds (猎犬)” he said, and raced off. We followed him to the top of the field, ____37____ we could see beyond. My mother and another old horse stood near. “They’ve found a hare,” she said. Soon the hounds raced across the next field, ____38____ (make) loud “yo-yo-yo-yo-yo”. Men on horses followed at full gallop. Suddenly the dogs grew ____39____ (complete) silent, running with noses to the ground. “They’ve lost the smell,” said the old horse. “Perhaps it will escape.” But soon the cry rose again as they came ____40____ full speed. A hare darted for the trees. The dogs and huntsmen leapt the stream. Before it could escape, the dogs caught her. A man held her by ____41____ leg, bloodied, while the huntsmen looked pleased. Then I saw two horses down; one in the stream. One rider climbed out, but the other ____42____ (lie) still. “His neck ____43____ (break),” said my mother. “Men hurt themselves and ruin good ____44____ (horse), all for one hare.” They carried the dead rider to our ____45____ (master) house. It was George Gordon, a fine young man. 第三节：单词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列句子，根据中文提示，填写出单词的正确形式。 46. Upon arrival at the museum, the visitors couldn’t wait to start their ________ (探索) of the exhibits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. He is the best ________ (申请人) for the job because he has not only relevant experience but also an impressive academic record. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Waiting for exam results is a time of great ________ (焦虑), especially when students believe the outcome will shape their future. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Impressed by her performance, many viewers left friendly ________(评论) to praise her creativity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. We need a ________(策略) plan to win the match, since our competitors are stronger and more experienced than we are. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. There were twenty participants of different ________ (国籍) in this event, each bringing a unique cultural perspective to the discussion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Everyone should take care of their own work and be aware of their various ________ (责任) in the team. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Some teenagers become ________ (上瘾) to video games, which may prevent them from developing healthy social habits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. We’ve booked a comfortable ________ (住处) near the beach, where we can enjoy both the sea view and the local seafood restaurants. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. I________(认出) him immediately because, despite wearing sunglasses and a cap, he still looked very similar to the photo on his profile. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四节：课文填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 56. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can ________ ________ ________ next year. (根据句意填空) 57. I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. (根据句意填空) 58. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空) 59. ________ ________ ________ Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers.(根据句意填空) 60. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she ________ ________ ________ ________ eight miles. (根据句意填空) 61. ________ ________ ________ the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered.(根据句意填空) 62. While ________ ________ ________ was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves’ car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. (根据句意填空) 63. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he ________ ________ ________ her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. (根据句意填空) 64. Almost immediately he began to ________ ________ ________ ________, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. (根据句意填空) 65. He ________ ________ ________ ________ to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. (根据句意填空) 66. When he began to play a tune, we had ________ ________ ________ ________ the snake. (根据句意填空) 67. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空) 68. The plane was then able to rise and it ________ ________ ________ ________ 400 feet. (根据句意填空) 69. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag ________ ________ ________, both men started running through the trees.(根据句意填空) 70. After he was arrested, the man ________ ________ in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. (根据句意填空) 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是李华，你的笔友苏珊刚转学到一所新高中，在交流中流露出自己很难适应。在课堂上无法集中精力，也无法融入小组活动。请你给苏珊写一封80词左右的建议信，内容包括： 1.表达共情； 2.给出建议； 3.给予信心。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 杭州二中2025学年第一学期高一年级单元测试 英语试题卷 本试卷满分120分，考试时长100分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.在答选择题时，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试题卷上，否则无效。 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项涂黑。 A What Is a Soup Kitchen? A soup kitchen is a place where free food (usually soup and bread) is served to the homeless without judgment or discrimination (歧视). These places are usually run by charitable (慈善的) or religious organisations and staffed by volunteers. In reality, however, a soup kitchen is so much more than that. What Does a Soup Kitchen Do? Soup kitchens have become a place of refuge (避难所) for those less fortunate souls. It gives them hope that all is not lost and there are still people who care for them. Here, they are not judged, discriminated against, or made to feel like they’re worthless. Instead, they are cared for and treated as equals. The most important thing a soup kitchen does, however, is providing the homeless with a sense of belonging. For someone who doesn’t have a place of their own, this is a big deal. How Do Soup Kitchens Help the Community? Throughout history and in most cultures, the sharing of food to the less fortunate is a common practice. Society has always felt a moral obligation to help its most vulnerable members. Not only does it encourage charity, but it also brings the community together. It helps break social boundaries as rich and poor, young and old gather together to share a meal. More importantly, it teaches young children the importance of empathy (同理心). Why Is a Soup Kitchen Called a Soup Kitchen? Since ancient times, charitable organisations have been serving soup to the poor and hungry. A hot soup can be very filling, making it the ultimate food choice for relief organisations with limited resources. Then during the Great Depression, these types of food assistance places became more well-known in the US. People would line up in these places (which usually featured large kitchens) to get their daily ration (定量) of soup and bread. And that’s how the term “soup kitchen” came about. 1. A soup kitchen is a place where ________. A. homeless people act as volunteers B. free food is served to the homeless C. charitable organisations hold activities D. people are judged by what food they eat 2. What is the most important thing a soup kitchen provides? A. Life value. B. Social acceptance. C. Health care. D. Racial equality. 3. What is mentioned about a soup kitchen in the last paragraph? A. The reason for its popularity. B. The variety of its food. C. The change of its resources. D. The origin of its name. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍施食处是为无家可归者提供免费食物的地方，还给予归属感，能凝聚社区、培养同理心，并解释其因大萧条时提供汤和面包得名。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A soup kitchen is a place where free food (usually soup and bread) is served to the homeless without judgment or discrimination (歧视).(“施粥所”是一个为无家可归者提供免费食物（通常是汤和面包）的场所，这里不会对他们进行评判或区别对待)”可知，“施粥所”是指为无家可归者提供免费食物的地方。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The most important thing a soup kitchen does, however, is providing the homeless with a sense of belonging.(然而，慈善厨房最重要的作用在于让无家可归者感受到归属感)”可知，慈善厨房所提供最重要的东西是社会认可。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Since ancient times, charitable organisations have been serving soup to the poor and hungry. A hot soup can be very filling, making it the ultimate food choice for relief organisations with limited resources. Then during the Great Depression, these types of food assistance places became more well-known in the US. People would line up in these places (which usually featured large kitchens) to get their daily ration (定量) of soup and bread. And that’s how the term “soup kitchen” came about.(自古以来，慈善组织就一直在为穷人和饥饿者提供汤食。热汤很有饱腹感，因此对于资源有限的救援组织来说，它是最理想的食品选择。在大萧条时期，这类提供食物援助的场所在美国变得更加为人所知。人们会聚集在这些场所（通常设有大型厨房）里，领取他们每天定量的汤和面包。就这样，“施粥所”这个术语便应运而生了)”可知，施粥所名字的由来。故选D。 B Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer who began The Swan Dreams Project in 2011. It is a program designed to bring ballet to girls of color in her community. Aesha Ash is one of the few women of color to ever grace the stages of the School of American Ballet in New York City. She wants to expose (使暴露/显露) her community to more positive images of women of color through the use of ballet. She wants to show the world that beauty and grace are not defined by status or race. Aesha grew up in the inner city of Rochester, New York, where gun violence and poverty were among the biggest threats to the community. For her, that’s normal. That’s just life in the neighborhood, but what she remembers most is the dance studio. She started dancing at the age of five. A teacher mentioned to her mother that she had some promise in ballet, and that it would be difficult for her, as a woman of color, to enter the ballet world. But the hardship she faced was the very thing that pushed her to pursue a career in ballet. And there’s so much negative stereotypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding of who they are in the media. Through the use of imagery and her career as a ballet dancer, she challenges stereotypes that exist for women of color, particularly those from inner-city communities. “It’s important that our girls see that side of themselves because for many kids it’s hard to be what you can’t see. I hadn’t seen a black ballet dancer before I joined that was what I wanted to be. It was really important for me to be in my environment displaying that because this is where I’m from. It was always beyond ballet,” Aesha Ash stated. 4. Why did Aesha start the Swan Dreams Project? A. To promote the images of females of color through ballet. B. To expose her community to a world of women of color. C. To raise money for the School of American Ballet. D. To show the world that beauty and grace are defined by status. 5. Which of the following best describes the community she grew up in? A. Comfortable. B. Ancient. C. Peaceful. D. Unsafe. 6. What can we infer from the passage? A. Aesha had a gift for ballet according to her teacher. B. The hardship Aesha faced to be a ballerina was poverty. C. Aesha wanted to be a ballet dancer because of a woman dancer of color. D. The media always gives a true picture of who women of color really are. 7. What does Aesha believe is important for young girls? A. Suffering hardship in childhood. B. Practicing ballet from young age. C. Watching professional ballet shows. D. Seeing role models they can look up to. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艾莎·阿什发起“天鹅梦计划”的初衷、个人成长经历以及她希望通过该项目为有色人种女孩树立正面榜样，挑战社会刻板印象的努力。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer who began The Swan Dreams Project in 2011.(艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年开始了“天鹅之梦”项目)”和“She wants to expose (使暴露/显露) her community to more positive images of women of color through the use of ballet. She wants to show the world that beauty and grace are not defined by status or race.(她想通过芭蕾舞，让她的社区接触到更多有色人种女性的正面形象。她想向世界展示，美丽和优雅不是由地位或种族决定的)”可知，艾莎发起“天鹅梦计划”是想通过芭蕾舞来推广有色人种女性的正面形象。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Aesha grew up in the inner city of Rochester, New York, where gun violence and poverty were among the biggest threats to the community.(艾莎在纽约罗切斯特的内城长大，那里枪支暴力和贫困是对社区最大的威胁之一)”可知，艾莎成长的环境中，枪支暴力和贫困是最大的威胁，说明她成长的社区是不安全的，所以D项“不安全的”最能描述她成长的社区。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“She started dancing at the age of five. A teacher mentioned to her mother that she had some promise in ballet(她五岁开始跳舞。一位老师对她妈妈说，她在芭蕾方面有些潜力)”可知，艾莎五岁开始跳舞，一位老师对她的母亲说她有芭蕾天赋，由此可知，艾莎在芭蕾方面有天赋。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aesha的话“It’s important that our girls see that side of themselves because for many kids it’s hard to be what you can’t see. I hadn’t seen a black ballet dancer before I joined that was what I wanted to be.(让我们的女孩看到她们的那一面至关重要，因为对很多孩子来说，她们很难成为自己没见过的样子。在我加入芭蕾舞团之前，从未见过黑人芭蕾舞者——而那正是我想成为的模样)”可知，艾莎结合自己的经历，说明人们很难成为自己没见过的样子，所以，对于年轻女孩子来说，能看到她们可以仰望的榜样很重要。故选D项。 C Choosing a hotel, restaurant or new product can be a difficult task. There’s so much on offer, and making a mistake can be expensive. This is why many people turn to online reviews- opinions and information written by people who have used a service or bought a product. But can we trust them? About 70% of Americans say they believe online user reviews. According to experts, this is because when we read a review by another consumer, we feel like we’re getting a personal recommendation from a friend. But a recent study shows that about one third of online reviews are fake. Apparently, companies are so desperate for good reviews that they’ve started to “play” the system. So, how do they do it? One trick is to give positive reviews to your own product or service. Best-selling writer RJ Ellory was recently caught writing 5-star reviews of his own books on Amazon.com. Using a name, he called one of his books a “modern masterpiece (杰作)” and said another would “touch people’s hearts”. RJ also wrote negative reviews of his rivals’ (对手) books. Another trick is to “buy” good reviews. Last year, the Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giving guests discounts if they wrote “honest but positive” reviews on TripAdvisor. The trick worked-one guest called The Cove Hotel a “dream comes true”. Some people are even making a living by writing favourable reviews. In 2010, American Todd Rutherford started GettingBookReviews.com. For $99, Todd would write a positive review of your book on Amazon.com; and for $999, he’d write 50 reviews. So, how can you tell a fake review? First, if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it’s probably fake. Secondly, if the review reads like an advertisement, it probably is an ad. And finally, if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor, it might have been written by that competitor. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By discussing some questions. B. By describing a common situation. C. By presenting different opinions. D. By analyzing a specific example. 9. What did RJ Ellory do to “play” the online reviewing system? A. He bought dozens of reviews from a professional website. B. He offered discounts to readers who gave him good reviews. C. He asked Amazon to remove negative reviews of his books. D. He praised his own books and criticized his competitors’ works. 10. What can we learn from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. Positive reviews can touch people’s hearts. B. Companies use the reviewing system to their advantage. C. Many hotels pay guests to write positive reviews for them. D. Writing reviews is a major source of income for Internet users. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Features of some types of online reviews. B. Reasons behind choices of online reviews. C. Suggestions for how to judge online reviews. D. Ways to tell positive online views from negative ones. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚假在线评论产生的原因、途径、影响、如何应对等。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Choosing a hotel, restaurant or new product can be a difficult task. There’s so much on offer, and making a mistake can be expensive. This is why many people turn to online reviews — opinions and information written by people who have used a service or bought a product. But can we trust them? (选择酒店、餐厅或新产品可能是一项艰巨的任务。有这么多的机会，犯一个错误可能会付出昂贵的代价。这就是为什么很多人求助于在线评论——那些使用过某项服务或购买过某件产品的人所写的意见和信息。但我们能相信他们吗？)”可知，作者在第一段通过描述一个常见的情况介绍了文章的主题。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Best-selling writer RJ Ellory was recently caught writing 5-star reviews of his own books on Amazon.com. Using a name, he called one of his books a “modern masterpiece (杰作)” and said another would “touch people’s hearts”. RJ also wrote negative reviews of his rivals’ (对手)books.(畅销书作家RJ Ellory最近被发现在亚马逊网站上给自己的书写了5颗星的评论。他称自己的一本书为“现代杰作”，并表示另一本书将“触动人心”。RJ也给对手的书写负面评论)”可知，RJ Ellory通过夸赞自己的书并批评竞争对手的作品来“操纵”在线评论系统。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Another trick is to “buy” good reviews. Last year, the Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giving guests discounts if they wrote “honest but positive” reviews on TripAdvisor. The trick worked-one guest called The Cove Hotel a “dream comes true”. Some people are even making a living by writing favourable reviews. In 2010, American Todd Rutherford started GettingBookReviews.com. For $99, Todd would write a positive review of your book on Amazon.com; and for $999, he’d write 50 reviews. (另一个技巧是“购买”好的评论。去年，康沃尔郡的海湾酒店(Cove Hotel)被发现，如果客人在TripAdvisor上写下“诚实但积极”的评论，就会给客人折扣。这招奏效了——一位客人称“小海湾”是“梦想成真”。有些人甚至靠写好评来谋生。2010年，美国人Todd Rutherford创办了GettingBookReviews.com。只要花99美元，托德就会在亚马逊网站上给你的书写一篇积极的评论；只要999美元，他就能写50篇评论)”可知，公司利用评论系统为自己谋取利益。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, how can you tell a fake review? First, if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it’s probably fake. Secondly, if the review reads like an advertisement, it probably is an ad. And finally, if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor, it might have been written by that competitor. (那么，如何分辨虚假评论呢？首先，如果评论者使用了很多非常积极的语言，那么它可能是假的，其次，如果评论读起来像广告，那么它可能就是广告。最后，如果评论是负面的，但也高度评价了竞争对手，那么它可能是由竞争对手写的。)”可知，最后一段给出了如何判断在线评论的建议。故选C。 D Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke (中风), according to the head of the NHS (National Health Service) England. Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF) — a dangerously irregular heart rate — have begun taking one of four anticoagulant (抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital. A drive to encourage take-up of the drugs means 90% of the 1.5 million people in England with AF are using them. That should result in fewer strokes, which are a leading cause of death and disability, given that AF causes about one in five strokes. “The rapid introduction of these drugs is a big step forward in providing the best possible care for patients with heart disease”, Pritchard, the leader of NHS, will say in a speech today at the King’s Fund health experts’ yearly conference. The drugs called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting (凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke. In 2021 the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended that doctors use four anticoagulant drugs. Dr Maeva May, the Stroke Association’s director, thought the widespread use of the drugs as “fantastic news”, because AF accounts for one in five strokes and strokes in people with AF are more likely to result in death or serious disability. NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”. 12. What is the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 2? A. To attract the readers’ attention to strokes. B. To introduce the specific information about AF. C. To show the effects of four anticoagulant drugs. D. To summarize the steps towards reducing deaths. 13. What is the main function of anticoagulant drugs? A. To identify signs of strokes. B. To reduce blood pressure. C. To keep heart beating. D. To prevent blood clotting. 14. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “cut deals” in the last paragraph? A. make agreements B. break promises C. avoid decisions D. reject offers 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Recognising Signs of A Heart Attack B. A Breakthrough in Stroke Prevention C. Exploring Kinds of Anticoagulant Drugs D. NHS England’s Life-Saving Conference 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英格兰NHS称，2022年1月起约46万房颤患者用四种抗凝血剂，救4000人、防1.7万中风，目前90%患者用药，该药获多方认可。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF)-a dangerously irregular heart rate- have begun taking one of four anticoagulant (抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital.(自2022年1月以来，英格兰约有46万人患有心房颤动（一种严重的心律不齐病症）并开始服用四种已被证实能降低中风风险的抗凝血剂药物。阿曼达·普里查德表示，这些药物的迅速推广使原本可能死亡的4000人得以存活，并避免了约17000次中风的发生。在英格兰，每年约有27000人死于中风，约有12万人因此被送往医院)”可知，第二段中列举数字是为了展示四种抗凝血药物的效果。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The drugs called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting (凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke.(这类被称为直接口服抗凝剂的药物能够阻止血液凝结，从而降低血栓形成并引发中风的风险)”可知，抗凝血药物的主要作用是以防止血液凝结形成血栓。故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“NHS England has used its spending power to(英国国民医疗服务体系（NHS）英格兰分部利用其财政实力来)”以及后文“which has made them much more widely available(从而使这些药物的可获得性大幅提高)”可知，英国国民医疗服务体系英格兰分部利用其财政实力与这四种药物的生产商达成了合作协议，从而使这些药物的可获得性大幅提高。故划线词意思是“达成协议”。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke (中风), according to the head of the NHS (National Health Service) England. (英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）负责人表示，通过给患有心脏病的人服用血液稀释药物，数千人的生命得以挽救，这些心脏病使他们有中风的风险)”和最后一段“NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”.(英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS England）利用其支出能力与这四种药物的制造商达成了协议，这使它们的供应范围更加广泛。英国心脏基金会称赞英国国家医疗服务体系“在实现减少中风死亡的目标方面取得了巨大进展”)”可知，文章主要介绍英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）负责人表示，通过给患有心脏病的人服用血液稀释药物，大大降低了房颤患者的中风可能导致的死亡或严重残疾，数千人的生命得以挽救。所以B选项“预防中风的突破”和文章意思一致，可以作为最佳标题。故选B。 第二节（共5个小题，每小题2.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world where comparisons (比较) happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be content with who you are. ____16____ The only solution is to reach inside and measure against what Warren Buffet calls your own inner yardstick (标准). There is no more accurate measure for comparison than who you were yesterday or last week, when you were at your best. _____17_____ Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get lazy, or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for nothing. ___18___ Not one of us is exactly alike. The only direct and honest comparison is within yourself. My opinion is that you are only allowed to compare yourself to someone else if their life situation is the same as your own. Good luck finding that match. And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. ____19____ So how can you always win in life? Become your best competitor. Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to push you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who cares if the guy next to you did 15? You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. ___20___ Besides, set a slightly higher standard of yourself every day and you will always be at the top of your game. A. It is a fool’s game. B. Your own progress is all you need. C. You will always be motivated (有积极性的). D. There’s always someone who’s a bit better. E. You will continuously be your personal best. F. Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. G. And if there’s not, you can bet someone is coming up fast behind you. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章指出在一个不停地进行比较的世界里，很难看到自己的外表，也很难满足于自己。而作者认为只有当别人的生活状况和你的一样时，你才可以把自己和别人比较，以及说明了如何将自己推向下一个层次的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文In a world where comparisons happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be content with who you are.可知，在一个不停攀比的世界里，你很难看到自己之外的世界，也很难对自己感到满意。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明，在攀比的世界里，人们很难对自己感到满意，因为总有人比你更好。故D选项“总有比你更好的人”符合上下文语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据下文Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get lazy, or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for nothing.可知，要么你觉得自己比别人优秀，然后你变得懒惰，要么你觉得别人比你优秀，然后你觉得你所有的努力都白费了。由此可知，在攀比的世界里比来比去，最后努力都白费了，可见和他人比较并不会得到什么有用的东西。故F选项“没有任何有用的东西来自于与他人的比较”符合上下文语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get lazy, or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for nothing.可知，要么你觉得自己比别人优秀，然后你变得懒惰，要么你觉得别人比你优秀，然后你觉得你所有的努力都白费了。由此可知，攀比这种事情最后只能是徒劳无功的，像是傻瓜玩的游戏。故A选项“这是傻瓜的游戏”符合上下文语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 结合上文No matter how hard you work, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit.可知，不管你有多努力，总会有人比你跑得快一点，跳得高一点，得分高一点，穿泳衣好看一点。以及下文Become your best competitor.可知，成为你自己最好的竞争对手。由此可知，上文是在说明有人比你好的情况，本句应当是说明即使没有人比你更好，你也可以与自己来比赛，成为自己的竞争者。故G选项“如果没有，你可以打赌有人会很快追上来”符合上下文语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday.可知，你今天比昨天更健康了。由此可知，给自己设定最近的极限会让你一直保持一个更好的状态。故E选项“你会一直保持自己最好的状态”符合上下文语境，故选E。 第三部分：语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第41-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。 It had been raining during Friday night. I woke up early on Saturday morning, ____21____ for more rain so that I could wash my car. Living in Melbourne, we have strict rules on ____22____ usage, so I only wash my car when it is raining. I had a bucket (桶), towel and umbrella ____23____. It had been quite a while since we had any rain so my car was extremely ____24____. When I went outside, ____25____, the rain had completely stopped. I looked at my car. Then I ____26____ all the rain drops on my car. An idea came to me — I could still ____27____ my already wet car and then rinse (冲洗) it off with some rain water I had collected! So, time to get to ____28____! The air was fresh, the sunshine was slightly warm and before I knew it, I had washed my car clean. “What’s ____29____?” I thought. “It is a sunny day, so I can take my dog for a walk.” While walking, I said good morning to my neighbors. Not an hour ago, I had woken up and filled with ____30____ to wash my car in the rain. Now, I was ____31____ for the weather which allowed me to walk with my dog on a fresh sunny morning! Had I been too hung up on the ____32____ that the rain had cleared, it would have possibly ____33____ the rest of the day. I didn’t get stuck in the bad mood. ____34____, I looked for other ____35____, and made the most out of them. 21. A. planning B. exchanging C. hoping D. caring 22. A. gas B. water C. electricity D. phone 23. A. prepared B. returned C. listed D. covered 24. A. heavy B. slow C. old D. dirty 25. A. luckily B. disappointingly C. surprisingly D. interestingly 26. A. noticed B. counted C. dried D. touched 27. A. park B. fix C. wash D. drive 28. A. rest B. share C. play D. work 29. A. more B. next C. worse D. wrong 30. A. sadness B. boredom C. excitement D. confidence 31. A. fearful B. regretful C. thankful D. thoughtful 32. A. fact B. idea C. dream D. plan 33. A. made B. started C. brightened D. ruined 34. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides 35. A. challenges B. opportunities C. problems D. excuses 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在墨尔本一个周六早上的经历。作者因当地用水规则严格，想趁下雨洗车，结果雨停了，但作者没有因此沮丧，而是积极寻找其他机会，最终既洗完了车，又能在阳光明媚的早上带狗散步，享受美好时光。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我周六早上早早醒来，希望能下更多的雨，这样我就可以洗车了。A. planning计划；B. exchanging交换；C. hoping希望；D. caring关心。根据下文“so that I could wash my car”可知，作者希望下雨以便洗车。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：住在墨尔本，我们对水的使用有严格的规定，所以我只在下雨的时候洗车。A. gas汽油；B. water水；C. electricity电；D. phone电话。根据“so I only wash my car when it is raining”可知，作者只在下雨时洗车，是因为当地对水的使用有严格规定。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我准备了一个桶、毛巾和雨伞。A. prepared准备；B. returned返回；C. listed列出；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“so that I could wash my car.”和此处“bucket (桶), towel and umbrella”可知，作者是在为洗车做准备。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们这已经有很长一段时间没有下雨了，所以我的车非常脏。A. heavy重的；B. slow慢的；C. old旧的；D. dirty脏的。根据“It had been quite a while since we had any rain”可知，因为很久没下雨，所以车应该是非常脏的。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人失望的是，当我出去的时候，雨完全停了。A. luckily幸运地；B. disappointingly令人失望地；C. surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. interestingly有趣地。根据“the rain had completely stopped. I looked at my car”可知，作者本希望下雨洗车，结果雨停了，这是令人失望的。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到我车上所有的雨滴。A. noticed注意到；B. counted数；C. dried擦干；D. touched触摸。根据“all the rain drops on my car”可知，作者注意到车上的雨滴。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到我仍然可以洗我已经湿了的车，然后用我收集的雨水把它冲洗干净！A. park停放；B. fix修理；C. wash洗；D. drive驾驶。根据上文“wash my car”以及“rinse it off” 可知，这里是说作者仍然可以洗车。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，是时候开始工作了！A. rest休息；B. share分享；C. play玩耍；D. work工作。get to work 是固定短语，意为“开始工作”，这里指作者开始洗车。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想：“接下来做什么呢？”A. more更多的；B. next接下来的；C. worse更糟的；D. wrong错误的。根据后文“It is a sunny day, so I can take my dog for a walk”可知，作者洗完车后在想接下来做什么。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到一个小时前，我醒来时满心兴奋地想在雨中洗车。A. sadness悲伤；B. boredom无聊；C. excitement兴奋；D. confidence自信。根据上文“I had a bucket (桶) , towel and umbrella ____ . It had been quite a while since we had any rain so my car was extremely ____ .”可知，作者本希望下雨洗车，所以醒来时应该是充满兴奋的。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我很感激这样的天气，它让我可以在一个清新的阳光明媚的早晨和我的狗一起散步！A. fearful害怕的；B. regretful后悔的；C. thankful感激的；D. thoughtful体贴的。根据“which allowed me to walk with my dog on a fresh sunny morning”可知，作者对这样的天气是感激的。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我一直纠结于雨停了这个事实，它可能会毁了我接下来的一天。A. fact事实；B. idea想法；C. dream梦想；D. plan计划。“the rain had cleared”是一个事实，fact符合题意。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我一直纠结于雨停了这个事实，它可能会毁了我接下来的一天。A. made制作；B. started开始；C. brightened使明亮；D. ruined毁坏。根据“Had I been too hung up on”以及“it would have possibly”可知，如果作者一直纠结雨停这件事，可能会毁了一天。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我寻找其他机会，并充分利用它们。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据“and made the most out of them”可知，作者没有陷入坏情绪，上下文是转折关系。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我寻找其他机会，并充分利用它们。A. challenges挑战；B. opportunities机会；C. problems问题；D. excuses借口。根据上文作者既洗完车又能遛狗可知，作者是找到了其他机会。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Beauty When I was two years old, something happened which I have never forgotten. It was early spring, and there was a light mist over the trees and fields. I and the other young horses ____36____ (feed) at the lower end of the field when we heard the distant cry of dogs. The oldest among us lifted his head. “There are the hounds (猎犬)” he said, and raced off. We followed him to the top of the field, ____37____ we could see beyond. My mother and another old horse stood near. “They’ve found a hare,” she said. Soon the hounds raced across the next field, ____38____ (make) loud “yo-yo-yo-yo-yo”. Men on horses followed at full gallop. Suddenly the dogs grew ____39____ (complete) silent, running with noses to the ground. “They’ve lost the smell,” said the old horse. “Perhaps it will escape.” But soon the cry rose again as they came ____40____ full speed. A hare darted for the trees. The dogs and huntsmen leapt the stream. Before it could escape, the dogs caught her. A man held her by ____41____ leg, bloodied, while the huntsmen looked pleased. Then I saw two horses down; one in the stream. One rider climbed out, but the other ____42____ (lie) still. “His neck ____43____ (break),” said my mother. “Men hurt themselves and ruin good ____44____ (horse), all for one hare.” They carried the dead rider to our ____45____ (master) house. It was George Gordon, a fine young man. 【答案】36. were feeling 37. where 38. making 39. completely 40. at 41. the 42. lay 43. is broken 44. horses 45. master’s 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了主人公黑骏马幼年时在田野上目睹的一场狩猎。通过马的视角，生动记叙了猎犬追捕野兔的激烈过程、一名骑手坠马身亡的悲剧，并借马妈妈之口，表达了对于人类为娱乐而牺牲生命的批判与反思。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我和其他年轻的马儿在低洼处吃草，这时我们听到远处传来狗的叫声。此处是固定结构be doing...when...结构，表示“正在……这时（突然）……”，结合heard可知使用过去进行时。主语“I and the other young horses”为复数。故填were feeding。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们跟着他跑到田野的顶端，在那里我们可以望见更远的地方。空处引导非限制性定语从句，the top of the field是先行词，表示地点，关系词在从句中充当地点状语，需填关系副词where。故填where。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：很快，猎犬穿过另一片田野，发出响亮的“哟哟”声。句子已经有谓语动词raced，空处需填非谓语动词作伴随状语，make与逻辑主语hounds是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填making。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：突然，狗群变得完全安静下来，鼻子贴着地奔跑。此处需要修饰形容词silent，应用副词形式。故填completely。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：但很快，当它们全速回来时，叫声又响起了。“全速”在英语中的固定表达是at full speed。故填at。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一个男人抓着她的腿，血淋淋的，而猎人们看起来心满意足。“hold sb. by+the+身体部位”是固定搭配，身体部位前也必须使用定冠词。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：一个骑手爬了出来，但另一个躺着一动不动。根据上下文，整个故事发生在过去。lie表示“躺”，空处需填过去式。故填lay。 【43题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：妈妈说：“他脖子断了。”脖子是被折断，neck和break之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。虽然主句动词said是一般过去时，但妈妈说的话是一个客观事实，在转述时常用一般现在时来强调结果的永久性或客观性。故填is broken。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：人们伤了自己，还毁了好的马，全都为了一只野兔。good horses表示“好马”这一类，是复数泛指，且前面没有冠词。故填horses。 【45题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：他们把死去的骑手抬到了我们主人的房子。master与house存在所属关系，空处需填名词所有格。故填master’s。 第三节：单词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列句子，根据中文提示，填写出单词的正确形式。 46. Upon arrival at the museum, the visitors couldn’t wait to start their ________ (探索) of the exhibits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】exploration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一到达博物馆，游客们就迫不及待地开始对展品进行探索。“探索”作宾语，用名词exploration，不可数名词。故填exploration。 47. He is the best ________ (申请人) for the job because he has not only relevant experience but also an impressive academic record. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】applicant 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他是这份工作的最佳申请人，因为他不仅有相关经验，而且有令人印象深刻的学术成绩记录。“申请人”作表语，用名词applicant，特指“他”这一位申请人，用单数。故填applicant。 48. Waiting for exam results is a time of great ________ (焦虑), especially when students believe the outcome will shape their future. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：等待考试结果是一个非常焦虑的时期，尤其是当学生们认为结果将塑造他们的未来时。“焦虑”作介词of后宾语，用名词anxiety，不可数名词。故填anxiety。 49. Impressed by her performance, many viewers left friendly ________(评论) to praise her creativity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】comments 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多观众对她的表演印象深刻，留下了友好的评论，称赞她的创造力。空处作left的宾语，结合汉语提示可知，名词comment符合句意，为可数名词，根据views判断comment用复数形式。故填comments。 50. We need a ________(策略) plan to win the match, since our competitors are stronger and more experienced than we are. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】strategic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要一个战略性计划来赢得这场比赛，因为我们的竞争对手比我们更强大，更有经验。此处需要形容词修饰名词plan，“策略”对应的名词是 strategy，其形容词形式为strategic，表示“战略性的、有策略的”，符合“制定一个战略性计划来赢得比赛”的语境。故填strategic。 51. There were twenty participants of different ________ (国籍) in this event, each bringing a unique cultural perspective to the discussion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】nationalities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：此次活动中共有来自不同国家的20名参与者，每位参与者都带来了自己独特的文化视角，为讨论增添了丰富的内涵。根据汉语提示“国籍”可知，本空用名词nationality，由different可知，此处用其复数形式，作of的宾语。故填nationalities。 52. Everyone should take care of their own work and be aware of their various ________ (责任) in the team. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】responsibilities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该做好自己的工作，并清楚自己在团队中的各项职责。根据汉语提示可知用名词responsibility作宾语，根据上文various可知用复数。故填responsibilities。 53. Some teenagers become ________ (上瘾) to video games, which may prevent them from developing healthy social habits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】addicted 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些青少年对电子游戏上瘾，这可能会阻碍他们养成健康的社交习惯。“become”是系动词，“上瘾”作表语，用形容词addicted，表明主语Some teenagers的状态。故填addicted。 54. We’ve booked a comfortable ________ (住处) near the beach, where we can enjoy both the sea view and the local seafood restaurants. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accommodation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们在海边预订了一个舒适的住处，在那里我们既能欣赏海景，也能去当地的海鲜餐厅用餐。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，根据汉语提示“住处”，以及上文 a comfortable 可知此处应填可数名词单数形式，“住处”对应的英文名词为 accommodation。故填accommodation。 55. I________(认出) him immediately because, despite wearing sunglasses and a cap, he still looked very similar to the photo on his profile. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recognized 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我立刻认出了他，因为尽管戴着墨镜和帽子，他看起来还是很像他个人资料上的照片。空处为主句谓语动词，表示“认出”用动词recognize，结合下文looked可知，本句陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填recognized。 第四节：课文填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 56. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can ________ ________ ________ next year. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. make ②. the ③. team 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我会找到一种方法来提高自己，这样我明年就可以组队了。结合句意，表达“组队”用make the team，情态动词can后跟make的原形。故填make；the；team。 57. I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. keeping ②. up ③. with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在跟上高级课程里其他同学的进度这方面，我有点担心。根据句意，“跟上”用动词短语keep up with，在介词后用动名词作宾语。故填keeping；up；with。 58. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. crept ②. into ③. their ④. tent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。句意：但过了一会儿，天开始下雨了。男孩们感到累了，所以他们扑灭了火，爬进了帐篷。结合句意，表示“爬进”用creep into，和put out并列作谓语，因此creep用过去式crept，宾语“他们的帐篷”用their tent表达。故填crept；into；their；tent。 59. ________ ________ ________ Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers.(根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. In ②. his ③. twenties 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在二十多岁的时候，弗兰克过去曾负责制造飞机的零部件。当时他有两个助手。根据句意“在二十多岁的时候”可知短语为in his twentieth，首字母大写。故填①In；②his；③twentieth。 60. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she ________ ________ ________ ________ eight miles. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. covered ②. a ③. distance ④. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：然后她游回了岸边，此前她已经在水中待了一整晚。在这段时间里，她游过了八英里的距离。根据句意“走过……距离”可知短语为cover a distance of，根据上文swam可知为一般过去时。故填covered a distance of。 61. ________ ________ ________ the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered.(根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. On ②. arriving ③. at 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：一到达岸边后，女孩就朝着她看到的亮光挣扎着爬上悬崖。这就是她所记得的一切。结合句意，表示“到达（小地方）”，应用动词短语arrive at，表示“一……就……”用on doing，因此arrive用动名词形式。故填①On；②arriving；③at。 62. While ________ ________ ________ was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves’ car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. the ②. battered ③. car 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词和名词。句意：当那辆被撞坏的汽车开走时，罗伊停下了他的巴士，并打电话给警察。小偷的车损坏得很严重，很容易辨认。根据下文“The thieves’ car was badly damaged and easy to recognize (小偷们的车损坏严重，很容易辨认)” 可知，上文提到的“正开走的事物”就是“那辆被撞坏的车”，此处应填“the battered car”，故填 the；battered；car。 63. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he ________ ________ ________ her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. will ②. be ③. watching 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：哈特先生已经训练他的女儿很多年了。明天他将焦急地注视着她游过这段漫长的距离到达英国。结合句意，表达“注视”用动词watch，根据tomorrow和语境可知，此处陈述将来某段时间持续发生的动作，用将来进行时will be doing。故填will；be；watching。 64. Almost immediately he began to ________ ________ ________ ________, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. complain ②. about ③. the ④. weather 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、名词。句意：几乎立刻，他就开始抱怨天气，因为尽管还是夏天，但雨却下个不停，而且常常冷得刺骨。根据“for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold”可知，此处指他开始“抱怨天气”，表示“抱怨”用complain about，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形；表示“天气”用weather，作complain about的宾语，此处为特指，用定冠词the修饰，故填complain about the weather。 65. He ________ ________ ________ ________ to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. had ②. hardly ③. had ④. time 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：他刚一有时间安定下来，就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。‌“hardly...when...”是固定句型，意为‌“一……就……”，主句谓语动词一般为过去完成时；结合句意，“有时间”译为have time，用过去完成时态had had time，副词hardly置于助动词had和实义动词had之间。故填①had；②hardly；③had；④time。 66. When he began to play a tune, we had ________ ________ ________ ________ the snake. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. our ②. first ③. glimpse ④. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当他开始演奏曲子时，我们第一次瞥见了那条蛇。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“第一次瞥见”，应用动词短语have one’s first glimpse of，主语是we，one’s对应our。故填①our；②first；③glimpse；④of。 67. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. ran ②. into ③. serious ④. trouble 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。句意：虽然一开始，伯德和他的队员们能够拍下下面山脉的大量照片，但他们很快就遇到了严重的麻烦。结合句意，表达“遇到”用动词短语run into，作谓语，句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，run用过去式ran，表达“严重的麻烦”用名词词组serious trouble。故填①ran②into③serious④trouble。 68. The plane was then able to rise and it ________ ________ ________ ________ 400 feet. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. cleared ②. the ③. mountains ④. by 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和介词。句意：飞机随后得以上升，并在400英尺的高度飞越了山脉。结合句意，表达“越过山脉”用动词短语clear the mountains，结合was可知句子应用一般过去时，clear用过去式cleared；“by + 具体数值”是英语中常用的结构，用于补充说明动作达成后与参照物之间的数量差距。故填cleared；the；mountains；by。 69. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag ________ ________ ________, both men started running through the trees.(根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. in ②. their ③. possession 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在争执过程中，带子断了，那两个人拿着包，开始穿过树林逃跑。根据句意“他们持有”可知短语为in their possession。故填①in；②their；③possession。 70. After he was arrested, the man ________ ________ in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. admitted ②. hiding 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：该男子被逮捕之后，承认他是在飞机离开伦敦前躲藏进箱子里的。他经历了一次漫长而不舒服的旅行，因为他已经被关在木箱里18个多小时了。结合句意，表达“承认”用动词admit，作谓语动词，根据上文was arrested可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；表示“藏”用动词hide，admit doing sth.“承认做了某事”是固定搭配，因此hide用动名词形式。故填①admitted；②hiding。 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是李华，你的笔友苏珊刚转学到一所新高中，在交流中流露出自己很难适应。在课堂上无法集中精力，也无法融入小组活动。请你给苏珊写一封80词左右的建议信，内容包括： 1.表达共情； 2.给出建议； 3.给予信心。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Susan, I’m sorry to hear you’re struggling to adapt to your new high school. It’s totally normal to feel this way when entering a new environment — many people go through the same phase. For class focus, try sitting a bit closer to the teacher. This can help you avoid distractions. For group activities, start with small talks like asking about homework. It’ll make you feel more comfortable joining in. Give yourself some time. You’re smart and friendly, and you’ll definitely fit in soon. I’m here for you whenever you want to talk. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的笔友苏珊刚转学到一所新高中，在交流中流露出自己很难适应。在课堂上无法集中精力，也无法融入小组活动。要求考生给苏珊写一封80词左右的建议信，表达共情、给出建议以及给予信心。 【详解】1.词汇积累 适应：adapt to→adjust to 进入：enter→have access to 避免：avoid→avert 肯定：definitely→certainly 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：For class focus, try sitting a bit closer to the teacher. This can help you avoid distractions. 拓展句：For class focus, try sitting a bit closer to the teacher, which can help you avoid distractions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear you’re struggling to adapt to your new high school.(运用了省略that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】It’s totally normal to feel this way when entering a new environment — many people go through the same phase.(运用了状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $